Solved Problems

Problem 1: For the HCP crystal structure, show that the ideal ratio c/a is 1.633.

sk
c
2

2
sj
3

and

3
a
2

a 2 sk

c
T hen

2
c

sj

1
2

a2

1
a
3
2
a
3

c
1.633
a

a
3 2

2
a
3

Problem 2: Show that the atomic packing factor (APF) for HCP is 0.74.

The atomic packing factor (APF) for HCP can be calculated as the following:
(number of atoms/cell)(Volume of each atom)
APF =
volume of Unit cel

nV atom atom volume cell

Vcell
cell atom volume

4 3
4
a
r )
(6) ( )3
3
3
2
APFHCP

3
1
3
3 a2 1.633 a
6 a
ac
2
2
2
(6 )(

a3
1.633

APF

HCP

3 3 3
a
2

0.74 74%

2
4.899

Problem 3: Molybdenum has a BCC crystal structure, an atomic radius of

0.1363 nm, and an atomic weight of 95.94 g/mol. Compute its theoretical
density
Given data

Mo is BCC,

, n =2 atoms/cell

r = 0.1363 nm, A= 95.94 gram/mol

=
.

= .

Problem 4: Calculate the radius of a tantalum atom, given that Ta has a BCC
crystal structure, a density of 16.6 g/cm3, and an atomic weight of 180.9
g/mol.
Given data

Ta is BCC, =

, n =2 atoms/cell

= 16.6 gram/cm3, A= 180.9 gram/mol

=
=

= .

.
. .
= 1.43

Problem 5: Below are listed the atomic weight, density, and atomic radius
for three hypothetical alloys. For each determine whether its crystal
structure is FCC, BCC, or SC (simple cubic) and then justify your
determination
Alloy

Atomic Weight
(g/mol)

Density
(g/cm3)

A
B
C

43.1
184.4
91.6

6.40
12.30
9.60

Atomic Radius
(nm)

0.122
0.146
0.137

Alloy

Atomic
Weight
(g/mol)

Densit
y
(g/cm3)

A
B
C

43.1
184.4
91.6

6.40
12.30
9.60

Atomic
Radius
(nm)
0.122
0.146
0.137

Problem 6: Determine the expected diffraction angle for the first-order

reflection from the (310) set of planes for BCC chromium when
monochromatic radiation of wavelength 0.0711 nm is used. Given that
atomic radius of Cr is 0.1249 nm.

Cr is BCC, = , n =2 atoms/cell ,
diffraction plane (310), X ray = = 0.0711 nm

+ +

+ +

= .

=
. = .
= .

= . = .

Problem 7: For which set of crystallographic planes will a first-order

diffraction peak occur at a diffraction angle of 44.53 for FCC nickel
when monochromatic radiation having a wavelength of 0.1542 nm is
used. Given that atomic radius of Ni is 0.1246 nm
Ni is FCC, =

r, n =4 atoms/cell, r =0.1246 nm,

X ray = = 0.1542 nm, 2 q = 44.53

=

. =
= .

+ +

= .

+ +
+ =

+
The only way plane is (111)

Problem 8: Calculate linear density for [110] of Bcc and FCC

Problem 9: Calculate planar density expressions for (111) of Bcc

and FCC

Problem 10: Calculate the planar density expression for the HCP (0001)
plane

Problem 11: Put sign )( in the front of the correct answer and
do not suggest or write any other answer:

[.........] [112]
[.........] (112)
[.........
] [112]
[.........] (112)
[.........] [112]

[.........] (111)
[.........] (111)
[.........] [111]
[.........] (111)
[........]
(111)

[.........] (10.1)
[.........] [10.0]
[.........
] (10.1)
[.........] [10.1]
[.........] (101)

[.........
] (11.0)
[.........] [11.0]
[.........] [11.0]
[.........] (01.0)
[.........] (11.1)

Problem 12: Put sign )( in the front of the correct answer:

In an atom, the nucleus contains:
() positively charged particles called protons and negatively particles called neutrons
() negatively charged particles called electrons
() negatively charged particles called electrons and non-charged particles called neutrons
( .) positively charged particles called protons and non-charged particles called neutrons
Unit cell is defined as:
() the collection of points in spatial lattice
( ) the smallest structure unit that can describe the crystal structure
() the short-range atomic ordering
() the process of crystallization

Problem 13: The given figures indicate the following:

1) self interstitial
2) BCC crystal structure
3) edge dislocation
4) FCC crystal structure
5) substitutional impurity

6) vacancy
7) SC crystal structure
8) screw dislocation
9) CPH crystal structure
10) interstitial impurity

It is required to the put corresponding correct number below each figure