Past Tense

Past tense adalah bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan atau keadaan yang
terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Keterangan waktu
Kalimat past tense biasanya menggunakan keterangan waktu lampau seperti:
a. Yesterday
this morning
b. kata-kata yang didahului dengan last (yang lalu)
last week
last Wednesday
last month
last October
last year
last July
c. kata-kata yang diikuti dengan kata ago (yang lalu)
two weeks ago
two days ago
a month ago
four years ago
Pola kalimat
1. Verbal sentence
a. Positive sentence
Subject

Verb 2

I, you, we, they, she, he, it

bought

b. Negative sentence
Subject

did not

c. Question
- yes/no question
Did

Subject

b. Negative sentence
Subject
I, she, he, it
you, we, they

Object, adverb
a magazine yesterday

Verb 1

Subject

Verb 1
study
say
come
go

I
you
she
they

Was/were

Object, adverb
last week?
that to me?
here?
there?

Complement
very angry last week
busy yesterday

Was
Were

c. Yes/no question
Was/were
Subject
Was
I, she, he, it
Were
you, we, they

a magazine yesterday?

Object, adverb
a magazine yesterday?
the Diponegoro war?
to the party?
The last world cup?

bought
caused
came
won

Was/were
Was
Were

Object, adverb

buy

Verb 2

- Asking other than subject

Qw
Did
What
did
Why
did
When
did
How
did
2. Nominal sentence
a. Positive sentence
Subject
I, she, he, it
you, we, they

Verb 1
buy

I, you, we, they, she, he, it

- Asking subject
Who/what etc.
Who
What
How many Students
Which team

a magazine yesterday

Did not

I, you, we, they, she, he, it

Did

Object, adverb

not
not
not

Complement
very angry last week
busy yesterday

Complement
very angry last week?
busy yesterday?

Exercises1
A. Fill the blanks using appropriate verb!
1. Jack ______________ (go) to Bandung by train with his father last week.
2. My father ______________ (not come) to Mr. Ridwans party last night.
3. Last night I ______________ (be) very hungry.
4. My young brother ______________ (get) an accident a month ago.
5. Last morning they ________________ (be) sick.
6. My mother ________________ (be not) angry to me yesterday.
B. Change the following sentences into yes/no question!
1. They stole some new clothes.
____________________________________
2. He drove the new car.
____________________________________
3. You moved here in January.
____________________________________
4. We walked to Pwt last week.
____________________________________

Execises 2
1. I _________________(eat) dinner when you __________________(come) to visit.
2. She __________________(chop) onions when she __________________(cut) her finger.
3. They __________________(watch) TV when the electricity ________________(go) out.
4. When you called, I ______________ (try) to study
5. Marry _____________ (wait) for me when I _____________ (arrive) yesterday
6. I was not ______________(feel) well, so I _______________(decide) to go the doctor.
7. While I ________________(write) the email, the computer suddenly ____________ (go) off.
8. She _________________(listen) to my iPod, so she _________________ (not hear) the alarm.

Past Continuous
Pola kalimat
a. Positive sentences
Subject
You, we, they
I, she, he, it
b. Negative sentences
Subject
You, we, they
I, she, he, it

Was/were
were
was

Was/were
were
was

V-ing
studying
writing
not
not
not

V-ing
studying
writing

Past Continuous is used to indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is
usually a shorter action in the Simple Past. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an
interruption in time
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past

Examples:
I was watching TV when she called.
When the phone rang, she was writing a letter.
While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.
What were you doing when the earthquake started?
You were not listening to me when I told you to turn the oven off.
Past Continuous with two actions in the same sentence, it expresses the idea that both actions were
happening at the same time. The actions are parallel.
Examples:
I was studying while he was making dinner.
While Ellen was reading, Tim was watching television.
I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.
They were eating dinner, discussing their plans, and having a good time
In English, we often use a series of parallel actions to describe the atmosphere at a particular
time in the past
Example:
When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, some were talking on the
phones, the boss was yelling directions, and customers were waiting to be helped. One
customer was yelling at a secretary and waving his hands. Others were complaining to each
other about the bad service.
While vs. When
When is most often followed by the verb tense Simple Past, whereas "while" is usually followed by
Past Continuous. "While" expresses the idea of "during that time." Study the examples below. They
have similar meanings, but they emphasize different parts of the sentence.
Examples:
I was studying when she called.
While I was studying, she called.