Puyallup Tribal Fisheries 2008-2009 Annual Salmon, Steelhead, and Bull Trout Report (Main Body)

WRIA 10: PUYALLUP/WHITE RIVER WATERSHED
number of chum salmon being able to access Boise

Creek. During the 2008 season, 41 chum were ob-
served in the lower 1.5 miles of the creek.
A 12-ft bedrock falls at RM 4.5 marks the upper
extent of adult salmon and steelhead migration
(below). Cutthroat and rainbow trout have been
observed above the falls; although, no data is
available on the size or range of the population(s).
Above the falls the gradient increases becoming a
small cascade/step-pool configuration. The chan-
nel upstream of the falls, to where Boise crosses
under highway 410, was altered back in the mid
1930’s to accommodate for the construction of the
highway. Upstream of 410, the creek passes
Chinook salmon
through the old Weyerhauser mill site which is
B
oise Creek is a significant tributary to the still a large source of sedimentary input.
White River, converging with the White For approximately 0.2 miles below the falls, Boise
River at RM 23.5, just upstream of where flows through a lower gradient riffle-pool channel
highway 410 crosses the river north of the city of bordered by a dense second growth forest; several
Buckley. In contrast to most of the Puyal- spawning opportunities exist throughout this
lup/White River Watershed which falls within stretch. Spawning densities for all species are of-
Pierce County, Boise Creek lies within South King ten high within this section. Continuing down-
County, with much of the lower creek flowing stream of the forested area is a low gradient reach
south within the city of Enumclaw. The creek flowing for approximately 0.5 miles within the golf
drains an area of approximately 15.4 mi2; with its course in the city of Enumclaw. The riparian zone
headwaters locate in a well forested area of the alongside this section is exceptionally sparse; the
Grass Mountain Range. banks are merely rip-raped and bordered by main-
Boise Creek has often proven to be highly pro- tained turf grass, blackberry, and small deciduous
ductive tributary over the past several years de- trees.
spite its numerous impairments. A good deal of
the lower 4.5 miles of the creek provides suitable
habitat for several anadromous and resident spe-
cies including spring and Fall Chinook (top photo),
coho, pink, sockeye, steelhead and cutthroat trout.
Since 2003, chum spawning has become more pre-
valent in the lower 1.5 miles of the creek. In Au-
gust of 2003, the city of Tacoma removed its 99
year old concrete pipeline crossing located at RM
23 on the White River. The concrete and rebar
structure had long been suspected of in njuring sal-
mon and limiting upstream migration of weaker
Boise Creek falls (@260 cfs.).
swimmers like chum salmon. The removal of the
old concrete structure has resulted in increased
PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

2008-2009 ANNUAL SALMON, STEELHEAD, AND BULL TROUT REPORT Page 1
1.5. Boise has

continued to
support a large
number of Chi-
nook spawners
over the past
several seasons
(2000-2008).
Carcass sam-
pling data
shows that a
significant
number of Chi-
Lower 4.5 miles of Boise Creek nook, as high
as 64% (in
There is, however, a short section located within 2006), that spawn in Boise Creek are hatchery
ha ori-
the golf course below RM 4.0 with an intact har hard- gin Fall Chinook. This corre responds with DNA
wood riparian zone. Spawning is noticeably rre- sampling studies of Chinooknook in the White River;
duced throughout the entire tire reach of the creek Ford et al. (2004), showed an approximately
a 60%
flowing within the open range of the golf course falls and 40% Spring Chinook component in the
(bottom left photo). Downstream
stream from the golf lower river (below RM 24.3). The pink salmon re-
course, Boise Creek begins to flow through res resi- turns to Boise in 2005 and 2007 were unprecedent-
dential and agricultural lands. This more deve devel- ed. Estimate calculations
tions put the actual escape-
e
oped reach extends from approximately
imately RM 3.7 ment at nearly 16,000 fish in 2005, and almost
down to RM 0.3; much of the stream along this 28,000 in 2007. Spawning ing opportunities
o for all
stretch is incised
cised to depths of 20 feet or more. E Ex- species is considerably reduced
duced in the lower 0.3
tensive
sive tracts of land bordering Boise Creek below miles of the creek. The gradient throughout
throu this
RM 3.5 are primarily used for maintaining
taining cattle short stretch is steeper,
per, the banks are confined
co by
and other livestock. high sheer walls, and the substrate
su consists of
Although spawning activity for nearly all spe- mostly boulders
ers and large cobble.
cies occurs throughoutout the entire 4.5 miles, as Chinook, coho, and steelhead are especially vul- vu
much as 65-70% of Chinook,, coho, and pink spawn- nerable to poaching and harassment in this urban
ing may occur above RM 2.2.. From 1999 to 2007 2007, stream. In addition, surrounding
urrounding agricultural land
an average of 63.8% (range 53.5%-83.3%)83.3%) of steel- use continues to impact channel and water quality
head spawned above RM 2.2. During ing the 2005 conditions. Other limiting ing factors
fa affecting Boise
season, the first significant numbersbers of chu
chum sal- include the loss of historic flood plain and stream-
mon were observed in Boise Creek, as high as RM side riparian,, channel confinement
confin and realign-
ment, temperature
erature and other waterw quality issues;
The upper Boise Creek channel within the golf course
course.
This photo was taken two days after the January, 2009 as well as reduced LWD inputs and the removal of
flood event. LWD by land owners.
Tremendous improvements to riparian and
stream channel conditions are possible but require
willing land owners, technical expertise and fund- fun
ing. Despite its many habitat related shortcom-
shortco
ings, Boise Creek continues to support returns of
wild steelhead, a remarkable fact in light of the
basin-wide
wide decline over the past decade.
2008 Boise Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
450 LIVE
DEAD
400 REDDS
350
300
NUMBER OBSERVED
250
200
150
100
50
0
8/27/08 9/5/08 9/15/08 9/24/08 10/3/08 10/14/08 10/14/08
DATE SURVEYED
Boise Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994-

(1994-2008)
1,000
903
LIVE
900 DEAD
REDDS
800 732
700
633
617
NUMBER OBSERVED
552
600
500
440
440
351
344
400
325
318
315
261
300
229
226
221
215
205
170
160
155
153
150
147
200
100
100
89
89
81
75
70
67
63
100
58
46
44
41
35
32
30
28
27
24
11
10
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 Boise Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
250
LIVE
DEAD
200
NUMBER OBSERVED
150
100
50
0
9/15/08 9/24/08 10/3/08 10/14/08 10/24/08 11/20/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/18/08
DATE SURVEYED
Boise Creek Coho Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993

(1993--2008)
3,500
3,285
LIVE
3,000
DEAD
2,500
2,155
NUMBER OBSERVED
2,000
1,513
1,500
1,083
841
1,000
697
601
558
483
445
394
335
327
500
282
251
233
222
208
158
108
109
99
95
90
51
43
40
30
30
20
21
12
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR SURVEYED

2009 Boise Creek Steelhead Spawning Ground Counts

10
LIVE
9
DEAD
8 REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
3/20/09 4/20/09 4/29/09 5/13/09 5/26/09 6/9/09 6/22/09
DATE SURVEYED
Boise Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2009)
120
STEELHEAD REDDS
100
88
79
80
74
NUMBER OBSERVED
63
60 56
44
40
32
30 29
27
25
18 18
20 16 15
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED
Redd locations for Boise Creek steelhead can found in Appendix C.

bers of salmonids, which has been invaluable tool
BUCKLEY:
BUCKLEY: for research,
search, salmon recovery and escapement es-
timates.
mates. During the months that salmon, steel- stee
e
USACE FISH TRAP head and bull trout return to the upper White Riv-
er, the USACE empties the trap daily, the th trap is
Ri
WHITE RIVER hoisted to a tanker truck,, and fish are released

from the trap into the truck. Fish are then trans- tran
ported above Mud Mountain Dam and released
back into the White River at RM 33.6; four miles
above the dam and about one mile below the con- co
fluence with
ith the Clearwater River.
Species of salmonids captured in the trap in- i
clude spring and Fall Chinook,
Chinook coho, pink, sockeye,
chum, steelhead and bull trout. Puyallup Tribe
Fisheries staff samples the contents of the trap
once a week throughout the entire year. Species
sampled regularly include Chinook,
Chinook steelhead,
sockeye, and bull trout. During the Spring Chi-
/sockeye/bull trout run (late May- early Octo-
nook/sockeye/bull
ber) PTF staff sample the trap 1 to 5 days per
week; the frequency is dependent on the number of
T
he U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ (USACE)
fish trapping facility is located at RM 24.3 fish captured throughout the entire run. Steel- Stee
near Buckley (top left photo). Salmon, head are sampled regularly by PTF staff from late
steelhead, bull trout, and other native fish fishes (whi- January through June. All fish sampled are dip- dip
tefish, rainbow trout) migrating to the uppe upper netted from the trap and placed into a 30 gallon
White River, enter this trap and are transported water filled stainless steel bin
bi and anesthetized
above Mud Mountain Dam. Fish not allowed u up- with MS-222. All fish h are examined for fin–clips;
fin
stream include hatchery released Chinook and in addition, Chinook and steelhead are sampled for
steelhead; with the exception of White River stee steel- coded-wire tags with
head acclimated and released from the Muckl Muckle- a metal detector.
shoot hatchery. The Corps’ trapping facil facility is un- Additional sampling
iquely integrated into a diversion dam and flume includes measuring
intake that was, up until January 2004, used to each fish for fork
divert water from the White River to generate length and collection
power. Since PSE ceased power production, some of DNA and scale
Steelhead on measuring scale
measure of water has continued to be diverted samples from Chi-
from the White hite River to maintain the watwater levels nook, steelhead, and bull trout.
trout DNA sampling
and water quality in Lake ake Tapps. Engineering and involves removing a small amount of the anal fin
development is currently underway way to replace and preserving it in 95% ethanol (C2H5OH) for lat-
the existing stru
struc- er analysis.
sis. In addition to DNA and scale samples,
ture with a new bull trout are floy tagged and transported above
diversion
version dam and Mud Mountain Dam (lower left) left . Wild steelhead
fish trapping facil
facili- are transported above Mud Mountain
Mou dam, while
ty. The USACE non White River hatchery reared steelhead are re-
facility
cility offers unpa- turned back to the White River below b the USACE
ralleled
leled access to trap as per agreement with the Muckleshoot In- I
Adult bull trout
significant
nificant nunum- dian Tribe and the State of Washington.
Was
Chinook Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1941-

(1941-2008)
2008
6,000
5,431
4,634
4,603
4,565
5,000
3,736
3,692
4,000
NUMBER OF CHINOOK
2,584
3,000
2,394
2,002
1,965
1,945
1,893
1,849
1,841
1,551
1,546
1,470
2,000
1,370
1,292
1,101
969
931
842
803
794
719
702
684
658
639
633
1,000
605
557
534
528
505
488
465
447
422
409
406
402
393
392
392
388
374
277
261
245
229
221
175
164
140
137
127
117
111
72
66
61
26
27
20
10
6
0
1941
1943
1945
1947
1949
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
YEAR
2008 Buckley Trap Chinook Returns N=3,154 2008 Buckley Trap Wild (NOR) Chinook
Returns N=1,442
Jacks
Hatchery 73
1,189 5%
38% Wild
1,442
46%
Adults
Acclimation 1,369
Ponds 95%
523
16%
2008: Total number of Chinook captured in the USACE fish 2008: Breakdown of adult and jack NOR’s (natural origin
trap including wild, acclimation and White River hatchery. return) captured in the USACE fish trap.
2008 Buckley Trap Acclimation Pond Returns 2008 Buckley Trap Wild Chinook Age
N=523 Composition N=467
5 year old, 6 year old, 5 year old, Jacks, 29,

6, 1% 2, 0% 10, 2% 6%
Jacks, 41,
3 year old, 8% 3 year old,
37, 7% 43, 9%
4 year old
437 4 year old,
84% 385, 83%
2008: Breakdown of adult and jack acclimation pond Chinook 2008: Age breakdown of wild adult and jack Chinook cap-
captured in the USACE fish trap. tured in the USACE fish trap.
2007 Buckley Trap Chinook Returns N=6,533 2007 Buckley Trap Wild (NOR's) Chinook
N=2,844
White
River Jacks, 67
Hatchery , 2%
1,967 Wild
30% (NOR)
2,844
44%
Acclimation
Ponds,
Adults,
1,722 ,
2,777 ,
26%
98%
2007: Total number of Chinook captured in the USACE fish 2007: Breakdown of adult and jack NOR’s (natural origin
trap including wild, acclimation and White River hatchery. return) captured in the USACE fish trap.
2007 Buckley Trap Acclimation Pond Returns 2007 Buckley Trap Wild Chinook Age
N=1,721 Composition N=563
Jacks, 48 5 year Jacks, 12,

, 3% old, 4, 1% 2%
4 year
old, 173,
31%
Adults, 3 year
1,674 , old, 374,
97% 66%
2007: Breakdown of adult and jack acclimation pond Chinook 2007: Age breakdown of wild adult and jack Chinook cap-
captured in the USACE fish trap. tured in the USACE fish trap.

Coho Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1941-

(1941-2008)
25,000
21,591
20,000
16,476
NUMBER OF COHO TRANSPORTED
14,341
13,894
15,000
12,620
12,484
9,698
8,420
10,000
7,988
7,500
7,482
6,739
6,503
6,370
6,022
5,840
5,671
4,992
4,558
4,090
3,811
3,756
3,623
3,448
3,403
3,231
5,000
2,972
2,733
2,506
2,094
2,031
1,992
1,961
1,818
1,810
1,782
1,746
1,688
1,639
1,537
1,467
1,469
1,429
1,398
1,379
1,349
1,264
1,237
1,098
1,081
1,090
1,065
1,003
927
833
820
796
717
599
546
522
493
408
403
335
320
18
14
0
1941
1943
1945
1947
1949
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
YEAR
Bull Trout Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1999-

(1999-2009)
100
The low number of bull trout captured in 2008 is likely due to significant com-
com-
91
plications which occurred with trapping operations; thereby, preventing capture
90 and/or generating migratory delays.
NUMBER OF BULL TROUT TRANSPORTED
80
70
60
49
50 47
40 41
39
40 37 36
31
29
30
20
14
10
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR

(1941--2009)
Adult and Jack Steelhead Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1941
2,500
2,166
1,971
1,902
2,000 1,662
NUMBER OF STEELHEAD
1,381
1,364
1,304
1,298
1,500
1,234
1,211
1,155
1,122
1,031
1,021
960
912
906
896
1,000
828
822
726
691
683
683
638
624
535
524
482
477
476
460
458
447
437
435
433
405
381
373
369
368
367
500
351
347
328
326
286
280
279
276
274
264
260
253
249
228
220
205
203
192
183
183
162
162
156
153
152
136
0
1941
1943
1945
1947
1949
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
1973
1975
1977
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
YEAR
The graph above details the number of steelhead transported above Mud Mountain Dam. Additional steelhead captured in the trap since
2006 have been utilized as brood-stock for the White River steelhead supplementation pilot project; bringing the total number of steelhead
captured for the past four years to: 163 (2006), 303 (2007), 207 (2008), and 165 (2009).
(1980--2008)
Adult Sockeye, Pink, and Chum Salmon Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1980
1,000,000
127,541
Sockeye Pink Chum
33,346
100,000
13,190
NUMBER OF ADULTS TRANSPORTED
10,000
1,000
378
223
137
114
63
59
100
45
43
41
39
39
39
28
21
21
20
19
16
16
15
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
10
5
YEAR

spring and summer for juvenile Chinook, steelhead,
CANYON and cutthroat to feed on. Adult fluvial bull trout are
also known to forage in the smaller tributaries of
a
the lower Puyallup, including Canyon Creek.

CREEK Chum salmon are the only species observed
spawning in significant numbers from late Novem-
Nove
ber through January. Adult coho are periodically
seen in the same reach as chum, but no surveys are
conducted for coho by the Puyallup Tribe given their
escapement numbers are extremely low. low Canyon
lacks any real habitat complexity such as LWD, off
channel habitat, or variation in stream channel
type. The greater part of the lower reach of the
creek consists of a flat low gradient channel with
few hydraulic breaks. However, there are approx-
imately 450 feet of suitable spawning habitat
habi in
Canyon Creek, this section flows along Canyon road
upstream of Pioneer Way (left photo). Nonetheless,
this very small stretch has proven to be productive
for chum over the past several seasons.
seasons
The channel gradient increases substantially
above the culvert crossing under Canyon Road. The
culvert itself doesn’t appear to be an encumbrance
to chum, since they are often observed spawning on
the fine gravel within the culvert. However, the
steep gradient above the culvert does impede chum,
as no fish are observed above the culvert during the
peak of the run.
The main channel above the culvert (below) has
C anyon Creek is a small tributary within the
The Clear Creek Basin drains the plateaus

and flatlands running along the southern valley of
been engineered with the placement of log weirs to
larger 12.1 mi2 Clear Creek Basin (10.0022). retain
etain gravel. They appear to be only moderately
effective because the amount of fines in the entire
reach is excessive. Downstream of Pioneer, the
the lower Puyallup River, just west of the city of channel substrate consists of fine sand and extreme-
extrem
Puyallup. Canyon Creek doesn’t appear on the h hy- ly compacted small gravel. Storm and ground water
drology of most common mapping systems, incluinclud- runoff along the east
ast side of Canyon Road flows into
ing USGS Quads. Furthermore, it is not listed in Canyon Creek next to
the WRIA catalogog of streams for area 10 and has not the downstream end of
been assigned a designated WRIA number. the culvert. Large num-
Little stream complexity exists within Canyon bers of chum are often
Creek,, and seasonal flows are rarely, if ever, ade- drawn up this small
quate to allow access for adult Chinook or steelhead drainage channel during
to spawn. However, it is highly likely that juveniles high water events, only
from adult
ult spawners in Clear and Swan ccreeks util- to be stranded in thick
ize Canyon Creek, especially for foraging and over- deep mud and sediment
wintering. There is often an abundance of chum fry when the instream flow
during the spring,
pring, as well as coho fry throughout diminishes.
2008 Canyon Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
50
LIVE
45
DEAD
40
35
NUMBER OBSERVED
30
25
20
15
10
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 12/31/08 1/15/09 1/22/09
DATE SURVEYED
Canyon Creek Chum Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2001-

(2001-2008)
600
LIVE
488
DEAD
500
393
391
400
343
NUMBER OBSERVED
335
292
280
300
172
200
111
99
100
66
59
56
46
43
21
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

rock was distributed along an approximately 0.2

CANYONFALLS mile stretch of the creek. The rock was deposited
as a result of a settlement agreement between the
CREEK 10.0410 Puyallup Tribe and Fennel Resources which has a

gravel mining operation located
cated on Fennel Creek.
Nearly all spawning activity observed occurs within
this short 0.2 mile stretch of the
th creek. Below this
point the substrate consists primarily of fines,
fines
which is more typical for this stream type, but un-
u
fortunately is rarely suitable for spawning. The ri-
parian is primarily alder and salmonberry.
salmonber The
width of the riparian zone along the right bank is
limited due to the extremely close
cl proximity of
McCutcheon Rd. Canyonfalls creek also benefits
from small amounts of woody debris inputs (left
photo); as well as excellent coho habitat created by
frequent beaver (Castor canadensis) activity. Al-
though inn 2004, a beaver dam below the survey
reach prevented Chinook from accessing the spawn-
spaw
C anyonf
nyonfalls Creek is a small tributary ente
entering habitat in the creek.
ing the Puyallup River at approximately RM Chinook,, coho and chum are the most prevalent
16.2, near the town of McMillin (north of species observed spawning in the creek. Coho juve-
Orting). Canyonfalls is primarily a spring fed niles and fry are present in the creek year round,
stream that has relatively consistent
tent instream and are often observed during adult spawning sur- su
flows, even in late summer. Although the stream veys (chum and pink migrate to marine
ma waters soon
length is three mile, nearly all spawning activity for after emerging from the gravel)
gravel . In addition to
species common to the creek takes place below the these key species, pink salmon were also observed
culvert under McCutcheon Rd. at RM 0.5. The gra- in 2003, 2005, and 2007.. In the past,
past steelhead
dient quickly increases above the culvert, but there were documented spawning in the creek on a consis-
are several pockets of usable spawning gravel just tent annual basis. Unfortunately, similar to many
upstream of the culvert.. In 2003, a large cement streams within
hin the Puyallup and White River Wa-W
box culvert replaced the old culvert under McCu
McCut- tershed, few live steelhead or signs of spawning ac-a
cheon Road. tivity have been observed
served over the past several
Approximately 400 feet upstream of the culvert, years. Bull trout utilization within this spring fed
the creek rapidly climbs nearly 300 feet in elevation drainage is unknown; however, adult bull trout
to where it’s discharged from a privately owned ha hat- have been caught by sport anglers
angler in the Puyallup
chery (Trout Lodge). The creek is diverted to meet River near the
the needs of raising trout for planting in regional mouth of Ca-
lakes. Above the hatchery the creek continues to nyonfalls.
climb through a forested area. Spawning activ-
As mentioned, the lower anadromous reach of ity by bull trout
the creek extends downstream of McCutcheon road; has not been
the substrate is a combination of sand and gravel documented, yet
within a low gradient pool-rifle
rifle channel. In the Canyonfalls
summer of 2002, 220 cubic yards of 1-to to-3 inch does offer excel-
spawning quality drain rock was deposited directly lent foraging and overwintering
wintering opportunities for all
downstream of the McCutcheon road culvert. The species, including bull trout.
Canyonfalls Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1997-

(1997-2008)
10
LIVE
9 DEAD
REDDS
8
7
7
6 6
NUMBER OBSERVED
4 4 4
4
3 3
3
2 2 2 2
2
1 1 1
1
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
Canyonfalls Creek Coho Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999

(1999--2008)
80
LIVE
70
DEAD
60
56
50
NUMBER OBSERVED
46
44
39
40
35 36
30 28 28
20
12
10 9 9
10 7
6 5 5
1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Canyonfalls Creek coho graphs were generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
2008 Canyonfalls Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
140 LIVE
DEAD
120
100
NUMBER OBSERVED
80
60
40
20
0
11/17/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/16/08 12/30/08 1/6/09 1/15/09 1/23/09 1/28/09
DATE SURVEYED
Canyonfalls Creek Chum Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2001-

(2001-2008)
1,200
LIVE DEAD
981
1,000
800
NUMBER OBSERVED
632
557
600
407
398
400
327
289
289
246
232
213
178
200
108
108
96
69
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Canyonfalls Creek chum graphs were generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.

but averages
ages approximately 300 ft. The resulting
CARBON channel
nel is only moderately diverse
character.
d with a pool riffle
racter. Spawning gravel exists in limited quanti-
quant
ties and is utilized by all species of salmonids
RIV
RIVER 10.0413 present, although not in the numbers observed in the
upper reaches. From RM 3.0 to the mouth of South
Prairie Creek at RM 6.0, the e river is constrained by a
levee along the south bank. Large natural bluffs hold
the Carbon along its northern bank allowing the river
to migrate over a channel of up to 0.5 miles wide.
This reach contains multiple channels and many
woody debris jams throughout
roughout its length. The spawn-
spaw
ing and rearinging habitat is more improved throughout
this reach and the highest spawning densities of all
species
cies are observed along this stretch of the river.
The reach h above South Prairie Creek, from RM
6.0 to 8.5, is again constrained by both levees and
natural bluffs along the north bank.bank This reach has
a slightly higher gradient than the lower river and
as a result contains less spawning habitat. There
The lower Carbon River (photo 1).
are portionss that are utilized by Chinook and steel-
T
he Carbon River is a major tributary of the
head, but not in the densities observed in the reach
Puyallup River, entering the Puyallup at RM
above Voights Creek (RM 4.0). Above RM 8.5, the
17.9; just
st north of the city of Orting. The Car-
Carbon River flows through a narrow canyon for
bon River and its associated tributaries provide exce excel-
several miles before becoming unconstrained below
lent spawning and rearing opportunitiesnities for salmon,
the Mt. Rainier National Park boundary. This can- ca
steelhead, and bull trout. In the past, steelhead have
yon reach supports Chinook and steelhead spawn-
been documented as high as the Mt. Rainier National
ing, however, chum and pink salmon have not been
Park boundary. However, the majority of spawning
observed
for all species within this drainage, with the exceexcep- The terminal of the
above RM
tion of bull trout, occurs in South Prairie Creek and Carbon Glacier
8.0 (photo 3)
the lower 11 miles of the mainstem Carbon. The
The Mt.
lower 3 miles of the Carbon River are constrained by
Rainier Na-
earthen levees. Failures along this levee system du dur-
tional Park
ing the November 2006 flood event reinforces
inforces the
boundary is
need for levee set-backs, which would help address
located at
the need for improved fish habitat and increase the
RM 23 (low-
flood basin
The Upper Carbon er left pho-
within this
River (photo 2) to). From
drainage.
the park
Currently,
boundary, up
the lower
to approximately RM 26, the gradient remains low
river
enough to provide some spawning opportunities
channel
along channel margins and pool tail-outs. Several
varies con-
small and moderate debris jams occur throughout
siderably
this reach. Above this, the gradient gradually in- i
in width,
creases to the terminus of the Carbon glacier
glac (right).
There is less channel braiding in this section and 6 miles flows through active agricultural land. Ald-
the substrate is considerably larger providing far er and cottonwood are the most common streamside
fewer spawning opportunities. tree species.
Several primary tributaries of the Carbon River Voights Creek is a tributary to the lower Carbon
providing critical habitat for fish include South River, entering the Carbon at RM 4.0. Voights is
Prairie Creek, Voights Creek, Ranger, and Ipsut currently only surveyed for steelhead due to the
creeks. South Prairie Creek is the largest tributary presence of a state salmon hatchery at RM 0.5.
of the Carbon River, entering the Carbon near RM There are just less than 4 miles of anadromous ha-
6. South Prairie Creek is considered one of the most bitat available in Voights Creek, an impassable falls
productive streams in the Puyallup/White River at RM 3.9 blocks any further upstream migration.
Watershed and is one of the index streams in the Steelhead are often observed spawning throughout
Puyallup Watershed surveyed for Chinook, pink and the entire creek, right up to the falls. Unfortunate-
steelhead by the Washington Department of Fish ly, steelhead escapement in Voights Creek has fal-
and Wildlife. Puyallup Tribe Fisheries staff surveys len dramatically over the past few years. During
the creek in winter for chum. From RM 0.0 to RM higher autumn flows, coho, and occasionally Chi-
12.6 the stream is pool-riffle in character with many nook, easily bypass the hatchery and spawn
deep pools and a few higher gradient cascades. throughout the entire creek up to the falls. The
Spawning gravel is excellent and plentiful through- stream channel varies in complexity from wide,
out this stretch. Above river mile 12.6, the stream braided channels, to confined narrow gorges. Near-
is higher gradient and moderately to extremely con- ly the entire 3.9 miles below the falls contains excel-
fined within a deep canyon. Upstream migration is lent, although somewhat sporadic patches of gravel
blocked at approximately RM. 15 by a large bedrock within a moderate gradient stream channel. How-
cascade. Spawning gravel becomes scarce in this ever, below the water intake for the state hatchery
upper reach and many heavily scoured bedrock sec- at RM 1.0 the gradient decreases, the substrate size
tions exist. is more consistent although smaller and somewhat
Chinook spawning occurs primarily in the lower compacted. The riparian zone is a mix of 2nd
8 miles, while coho show increased usage in the growth conifer and deciduous trees. There is a
middle and upper sections of the anadromous reach. moderate amount of small and medium woody de-
Chum utilize the lower 3 miles heavily but have bris recruited, and minute amounts of LWD
been observed well above RM 10. Steelhead utilize present, what little is present is generally quite old.
the entire stream below the falls with reduced usage Ranger Creek is a small left bank tributary of
in the canyon reach below the falls. the Upper Carbon River. Ranger is an excellent
The riparian zone changes dramatically over the salmonid stream in many ways; it has approximate-
15 miles of anadromous stream. The upper canyon ly 0.5 miles of anadromous habitat and is located
reach flows through a commercial forest and entirely within Mt. Rainier National Park. The ri-
streamside vegetation consists of second growth fir parian zone consists of old growth cedar, fir and
and alder. Buffer widths along recent harvest areas hemlock which contribute essential woody debris
are generally wider than the state regulated mini- and diversity to the channel. The lower 0.4 miles
mum due to steep, potentially unstable slopes along are low gradient with several deep pools, small but
the canyon. From there to RM 6.0 the riparian zone plentiful gravel exists throughout the reach. Above
is relatively intact, consisting of mature hardwoods 0.4 miles the gradient increases significantly.
with some fir. Occasional residential development Ipsut Creek is a moderate gradient left bank tri-
exists along this reach. Wilkeson Creek (10.0432), a butary to the Upper Carbon River. Ipsut is pristine
major tributary to South Prairie, enters at approx- in many ways; it has approximately 0.7 miles of
imately RM 6.7. Below this point, to the confluence, anadromous habitat and is located entirely within
there exists many diked reaches and streamside res- Mt. Rainier National Park. The riparian zone con-
idential development is common. Much of the lower sists of old growth cedar, fir and hemlock which con-
tribute large amounts of woody debris and diversity survey coverage area in order to improve escape-
e
to the channel. There is a large falls located at aap- ment estimates.
mates. During the 2005, 2006, and 2008
proximately RM 0.7, which
hich is a barrier to any fu
fur- steelhead survey season, WDFW biologists and
ther upstream migration. Ipsut Creek campground Puyallup Tribe fisheries
ries staff increased
i the survey
is located along the lower stretch of the creek at RM coverage along the Carbon by making regular heli-
hel
0.2. The Carbon River road bridge also crosses the copter surveys of the river from the NPS boundary
creek at the campground site. at RM 23, to its confluence
fluence with the Puyallup River.
Ipsut has been surveyed for Chinook
Chinook, coho,
steelhead and bull trout, yet no salmon or redds
have been observed.
However, Ipsut does
host a population of
cutthroat trout, as do
many of the upper tri-
butaries in the park.
Reasons for the absence
of anadromous fish are
likely related to the
stream’s location high
within the basin, and
the general lack of suit-
able spawning gravel.
Much of the substrate
within the lower fish
accessible reach con-
sists of flat angular
stones. Bull trout usage
has been documented
by National Park Ser-
vice biologists.
Winter steelhead
stocks have been in se-
rious decline for the
past several years.
bal and state fisheries
managers are currently
working on a recovery
plan to improve future
steelhead returns and
hope to implement this
plan within the next few
years. Continuing ef-
forts are being made by
the tribe and WDFW to
increase and expand the
Carbon River Drainage

Carbon River Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1991-

(1991-2008)
3,289
3,500
3,225
LIVE
2,865
3,000 DEAD
2,707
2,625
2,513
2,509
2,498
2,500
2,226
2,149
2,123
NUMBER OBSERVED
1,868
2,000
1,503
1,234
1,500
1,124
1,091
1,044
944
899
855
849
1,000
811
660
647
624
599
565
541
483
500
305
260
217
160
125
57
14
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
Carbon River Steelhead Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2009)
60
54 STEELHEAD REDDS
49
50
40
NUMBER OBSERVED
29
30
21
20
12
10 8 8
7
6
5 5
4
3 3
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED
The 2008 & 2009 redd data is incomplete due to extremely poor survey condition which prevented a regular full season of surveys.

The anadromous reach of Clarks is a low gra-
CLARKS dient spring-fed stream (Maplewood Springs) with a

pool-riffle
riffle character. The surveyed reach of the
Clarks Creek (RM 3.4 to 3.7) provides abundant
CREEK 10.0027 spawning opportunities for all species; however, up-

stream migration is blocked by a dam da at RM 3.7
(left). Consequently, the dam also prevents the
fluvial movement of gravel downstream to critical
spawning areas.
Salmonberry, maple, and alder dominate the
overstory riparian zone along much of the upper
surveyed reach. The remaining stream channel be- b
low the surveyed reach (RM 3.4) contains little gra-
vel and the substrate consists of fine sand and mud,
subsequently,
ntly, little or no spawning has been ob-o
served below this point. WDFW operates a fish hat-
chery near the barrier dam on Clarks. The state
operated hatchery raises trout out for stocking local
lakes. Gravel was introduced into the channel from
RM 3.5 to 3.7 in the fall of 1997,
1997 and again in the
summer of 1999. In addition to gravel inputs, sev- se
C
larks Creek is an urban tributary flowing into
the lower Puyallup River, entering the Puy
Puyal- eral log weirs have been placed
place above the interpre-
lup at RM 5.8. The Clarks Creek Basin tive bridge to aid in gravel retention. This has
drains the plateaus and flatlands running along the greatly enhanced the spawning opportunities for
southern valley of the lower Puyallup River, just Chinook, pink, coho and d chum salmon. Unfortu-
U
west of the city of Puyallup. The basin
asin drains a 13 nately, adult steelhead spawning activity has sel-
mi area, with an average flow of nearly 60 cfs (Ba-
2 dom been observed ved in Clarks Creek since 1997.
sin Gauge #12102075). Clarks has several smaller However, steelhead are occasionally captured or ob-
tributaries, including Diru and Rody ccreeks; both of served in tributaries of Clarks.
which are salmon bearing streams supporting Chi- Due to limited availability of spawning habitat,
nook, coho, chum, steelhead, and bull trout. Wood- increased
ncreased spawning densities of Chinook and chum
land Creek and Meeker Ditch contribute additional often results in considerable redd superimposition
flow. Several salmonid species es are known to utilize throughout this short reach. There is often an ab-
Clarks creeks
reeks for spawning, rearing and forag
foraging. undance of chum fry during the spring (pink fry on
These include ESA threatened Chinook
Chinook, steelhead odd years); as well as coho and Chinook fry
and bull trout; as well as non-listed species such as throughout spring
pring and summer for cutthroat and
coho, pink, chum and cutthroat trout. Brown trout, juvenile Chinook to feed on. Adult fluvial bull trout
a non-native species is also present in the basin. are also known to forage in the smaller tributaries
Several fish
h and habitat limiting factors ass
asso- of the lower Puyallup, including Clarks Creek.
ciated with Clarks include; channel confinement, In the spring of 2004, the he Puyallup Tribe
T com-
complete fish barriers, no off-channel
channel habitat, floo
flood- pleted construction of a Fall Chinook salmon hat-
ing and channel erosion, absent or deficient riparian chery on Clarks Creek (RM 1.0). The hatchery was
cover, water quality (pH & bacteria), conveyance of constructed in order to address several fish man- ma
storm water run-off, and the significant growth of agement issues, one of which includes minimizing
elodea (Elodea canadensis). In addition, there is the straying of adult Fall Chinook reared by the
considerable
ble development along the creek, primarily tribe.
rural residential.
2008 Clarks Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
300
LIVE
DEAD
250 REDDS
200
NUMBER OBSERVED
150
100
50
0
8/26/08 9/4/08 9/11/08 9/19/08 9/29/08 10/8/08 10/17/08 10/27/08
DATE SURVEYED
Clarks Creek Chinook Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994

(1994--2008)
600
LIVE DEAD REDDS
533
500
418
396
400
NUMBER OBSERVED
319
289
300
191
200
145
137
131
116
109
103
103
103
101
100
96
93
87
78
78
100
74
63
59
58
53
50
50
46
42
38
35
34
34
30
27
22
18
16
12
11
11
10
10
10
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
Note: A high proportion of the Chinook observed in 2007, were jacks.

Clarks Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993-

(1993-2008)
120
107
LIVE
100 DEAD
82
80
NUMBER OBSERVED
60
46
43
40
27
26
24
24
22
20
14
11
9
8
8
7
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR SURVEYED

2008 Clarks Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
140
LIVE
DEAD
120
100
NUMBER OBSERVED
80
60
40
20
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/16/08 12/22/08 12/31/08 1/15/09 1/22/09 2/2/09
DATE SURVEYED
Clarks Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1991-

(1991-2008)
3,000
LIVE
2,433
2,500 2,067 DEAD
2,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
1,552
1,500
1,207
1,174
1,040
936
866
864
1,000
794
675
633
628
544
531
528
479
466
411
403
390
374
368
352
352
500
311
296
255
254
246
237
215
198
163
136
97
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

cfs. Each of the four ponds has approximately

CLARKS CREEK 12,000+ cubicic feet of water volume, two ponds are
concrete lined and designed to hold adult and juve-
Salmon Hatchery niles, while the other two are natural

ponds.
natura acclimation
Puyallup Tribe of Indians In addition, the Puyallup Tribe operates seven

acclimation ponds in the Puyallup Watershed.
Salmon Hatchery Three of the
he acclimation ponds are used for reestab-
lishing Fall Chinook and coho into a 30-mile
30 reach
in the Upper Puyallup River above Electron Dam.
A fish ladder was constructed and completed in fall
of 2000; for 97 years prior to the completion of the
fish ladder the Electron diversion dam had been an
anadromous barrier. Five additional acclimation
ponds are located in the Upper White River drai-
dra
nage. These ponds are used for reestablishing
White River Spring Chinook back into their endemic
range. All ponds have e approximately 10,000 cubic
feet of rearing space and between 1 to 3 cubic feet
per second flow. A new 35,000 cu. ft. Spring Chi-
nook acclimation pond was completed in the sum- su
mer of 2007
07 near George Creek.
Creek Capable of holding
over 500,000 Spring Chinook,
Chinook the construction of
C
larks Creek Salmon Hatchery is a Puyallup the acclimation pond was funded by the City of Ta- T
Tribe of Indians facility located at RM 1 on coma as a result of a mitigation settlement
Clarks Creek (10.0027), a tributary to the The Puyallup Tribe’s restoration goal is to re-
r
Puyallup River. The Clarks Creek hatchery (below) build depressed Chinook stocks and remove them
was constructed in order to address several fish from ESA listing. Using acclimation ponds, limiting
management, and water supply issues es including; harvest, and making substantial gains in habitat
minimizing the straying of adult Fall Chinook restoration, the tribe will be able to accomplish this
reared by the tribe; providing space for rearing and task. Levee setbacks, oxbow reconnections both in- i
acclimating White River Spring Chinook
Chinook, chum and ter tidal and upland, Commencement Bay cleanup,
winter steelhead if necessary; creating an indepe
indepen- and harvest cutbacks have already been initiated.
initia
dent and self sustaining fall and Spring Chi
Chinook Only the jump-starting of Chinook in habitat areas
program for the tribe; as well as providing a reliable devoid of fish has remained one of our biggest chal-
cha
water supply to rear and expand fish production. lenges. Acclimation ponds are a proven method in
Water is supplied from five vertical turbine increasing fish numbers on the spawning grounds.
pumps, each 20-horsepower.
horsepower. Each pump has a flow Hatchery rearing 200,000 Fall Chinook for release
capacity of 1,600 gpm. Each pump is capable of on station and 200,000 for acclimation ponds in the
supplying one of four ponds with approximately 3.6
Clarks Creek salmon hatchery

upper Puyallup River for a combined 6,857 pounds The incubation building houses 32 incubator stack
of fish. Historically, Fall Chinook have been reared capable of holding up p to 77,000 Chinook eggs, for a
since 1980 with a variety of stocks, goals, and obje
objec- total capacity of approximately
imately 2.5 million eggs
tives. (lower left). Once fish are ready to be moved from
the incubators, they can be place in one of the 16
Spring Chinook Hatchery Production aluminum raceway-troughs
troughs and hand feeding can
The five-acclimation
acclimation ponds the Puyallup Tribe begin (upper right). The troughs are 16 feet in
operates are satellite facilities to the White River length with a flow rate of up to 25 gpm. When the
and Minter Creek Hatcheries Spring Chinook hat- fish are approximately 500/lbs., they are transferred
cheries.. The acclimation ponds are located in the to one of the
upper White River Watershed on the Clearwater cement lined
River, Cripple Creek (currently non- operation
operational), ponds.
two ponds on Huckleberry ry Creek, and the newly Holding
constructed Greenwater River pond near George the Chinook in
Creek. Production levels vary,, but average around the cement
400,000+ smolts; however, numbers of available pond is only
smolts fluctuates based on available brood
brood-stock. temporary un-
They have a rearing capacity of approximately til they are up
837,000 zero age smolts (less than 1 year old). to a large Raceway
aceway troughs
enough size, usually sometime time during late March to
Current Fall Chinook Hatchery Production early April, to be massed marked with an auto- aut
In 2004, the Puyallup Tribal Fisheries DeparDepart- mated tagger (lower right). The automated fish
ment began acclimating and releasing Fall Chinook tagging trailer is operated by the Northwest Indian
from the Clarks Creek Fisheries Commissionsion (NWIFC) out of Olympia. A
facility, discontinuing proportion of the
all Chinook releases young Chinook are
from the Diru Creek implanted with a
hatchery. Adult and coded wire tag (CWT)
jack Chinook begin and the adipose fin is
moving into the hat- removed. The re-
chery holding pond in maining fish are all
September
September, and contin- massed marked by
ue to arrive well into removing the adipose
late October
October. Ripe fin only. The mark-
(ready to spawn) adults ings and CWT’s will
are collected 2-3 times a week.. Eggs and sperm, at be used to identify
a 1male-to-1 female
male ratio, are mixed in a small these Chinook as hat- Automated fish tagger
bucket to induce fertilization (above). Once the eggs chery origin fish in the future when they return to
have been fertilized, they are placed into an incub
incuba- the hatchery, are caught by fisherman, or are ob- o
tor tray until served on the spawning grounds. The CWT is in-
they hatch
hatch. In scribed with a specific code that will identify the
early 2005, co
con- particular hatcheryry where the fish was tagged.
stru
struction of a Once tagged, the fish are planted in one of the two
new incubation natural acclimation ponds.. The young Chinook are
building was fed regularly to increase their size until they are
commpleted at ready to be released into to the creek in late May or
Egg incubators Clarks Creek. early June.
2008 Fall Chinook Return @ Clarks Creek Hatchery

300
Total rack return: Males
1,084 Adults
256 827 Jacks Females
250 242 Jacks

220
200
160
NUMBER OF CHINOOK
156
150
122
104
100 88
86 84
69
57 54
49 46
50 39 37
27
9
2 1 3
0
20-Aug-08 09-Sep-08 16-Sep-08 22-Sep-08 23-Sep-08 30-Sep-08 07-Oct-08 14-Oct-08 21-Oct-08
DATE SPAWNED
Clarks Creek Salmon Hatchery Fall Chinook Rack Return (2005-

(2005-2008)
1,600
ADULTS
1,400
JACKS
1,200
1,084
NUMBER OF CHINOOK
1,000
827
800
723
634
600
440
400
195 174
200
22
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR

Clarks Creek Hatchery Fall Chinook Salmon Smolt Releases (2004-

(2004-2009)
1,800,000
Fall Chinook Smolts
1,600,000 1,538,977
1,400,000
Number of Fall Chinook Smolts Released
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
523,000
462,328
418,240
400,000
240,630
200,000 163,880
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year

high density of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundi-
CLEAR CREEK nacea) and other vegetation (watercress) chokes ap-

proximately 300 feet of the spawning channel every
summer; effectively trapping a significant amount of
10.0022 fine sediment which covers the available spawning
gravel by several inches.
An anadromous blockage in the form of a cement
diversion dam is located at RM 1.9 (top left); the
dam is in place to ensure pathogen free water for
hatchery raised rainbow trout at the Trout Lodge
facility. Consequently, this also prevents the fluvial
movement nt of gravel downstream to critical spawn-
spaw
ing areas. The reach above the dam is not surveyed;
however, suitable spawning habitat does exist and
could be utilized if access were established. The
C
lear Creek is a tributary to the lower Puya
Puyal- draw off of water by the hatchery, specifically dur-
du
lup River, joining with the Puyallup at RM ing the summer
mmer and fall seasons, significantly re-
r
2.9. The Clear Creek Basin (12.1 mi2) drains duces the water throughout the bypass reach.
reach The
the plateaus and flatlands running along the sout south- bypass reach is the section of stream from the water
ern valley of the lower Puyallup River, between the intake for the hatchery, to its discharge point down-
dow
cities of Puyallup and Tacoma. Clear Creek h has stream. Chinook are often observed holding in a
several tributaries which include; Swan Creek een- large pool located at the hatchery
chery discharge outlet.
tering at RM 0.2 on the left bank, Squally Cre Creek in- Unfortunately, the low flows resulting from the hat-
flowing at RM 1.4 on the left bank, Canyon Creek at chery draw regularly prevent Chinook from access-
RM 1.6, and an unnamed tributary entering at RM ing the bypass reach where suitable spawning habi-
3.05 on the right bank. Only Swan, Squally and tat is available.
Canyon creeks
reeks tributaries are accessible to adult Late fall and win-
salmon. ter flows are regular-
Several salmonid species are re known to utilize ly sufficient for chum
Clear Creek for spawning, rearing and foraging. (right) to spawn in
This includes ESA threatened Chinook
Chinook, steelhead the 0.2 miles of avail-
and bull trout, as well as non-listed
listed species inclu
includ- able habitat below the
ing coho, pink, chum and cutthroat trout. Various dam at RM 1.9. Adult
limiting factors involved
volved with Clear Creek include; steelhead and coho also utilize Clear Creek; howev-
low flows, channel confinement, an anadromous er, escapement for theses two species is low.
barrier, lack of spawning habitat, aquatic noxious The lower Puyallup tributa
ributaries often experience
weeds, flooding and channel erosion, conveyance of an abundance of chum fry during the spring, as well
storm water run-off, water quality (dissolved oxygen as coho fry throughout spring and summer for
& bacteria); as well as absent or poor riparian co cover. cutthroat, steelhead, and juvenile Chinook to feed
Clear Creek flows as a low-to-moderate
moderate gradient on. Adult fluvial bull trout are also known to forage
pool-riffle
riffle stream above Pioneer Way before paraparal- in the smaller tributaries of the lower Puyallup, in-
leling the road for several hundred feet.et. The upper cluding Clear Creek. Although bull trout spawning
anadromous reach contains good spawning gravel activity has not been documented, Clear Creek does
from RM 1.7 to 1.9. Although a significant section offer excellent foraging and overwintering opportun-
opportu
of the riparian area is not intact, there are undercut ities for bull trout and other salmonids.
salmonid
banks and moderate amounts of in-stream ream cover. A

2008 Clear Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
40 LIVE
DEAD
REDDS
35
30
25
NUMBER OBSERVED
20
15
10
0
8/26/08 9/11/08 9/19/08 9/29/08 10/8/08 10/17/08 10/27/08
DATE SURVEYED
Clear Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2008)
60
LIVE DEAD REDDS
50
46
40
NUMBER OBSERVED
34
30
26
25
22
21
20
17
14
11 11
10
9
10 8 8 8 8
7
5
3
2
1 1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 Clear Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
300
LIVE
DEAD
250
200
NUMBER OBSERVED
150
100
50
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 12/31/08 1/15/09 1/22/09 2/2/09
DATE SURVEYED
Clear Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994-

(1994-2008)
1,200
1,088
LIVE
DEAD
1,000 796
788
800
NUMBER OBSERVED
680
642
600
479
478
460
436
426
382
340
400
303
276
260
233
201
196
166
163
162
200
131
122
114
110
83
50
29
4
0
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

miles of the river,, although fish and redds are often

CLEARWATER observed and documented
er in the season.
cumented in the upper reaches lat-
la
The substrate throughout much of the lower

RIVER 10.0080 reach of the river consists of small cobbles and flat
angular stone, with smaller spawning size gravel
in
n the many of the lower gradient riffles and tail-
tail
outs. The riparian area is primarily second growth
conifer forest; however, recent clear cutting is evi-
dent along several areas of the upper and lower
survey reach. The Clearwater River hosts several
tributaries; such as, Falls,, Mineral, Byron, Lyle,
Lilly, and Milky creeks.
reeks. There is some limited coho
and pink spawning
ning in both Byron and Mineral
creeks.
reeks. Mineral Creek is also the water source
used for the Spring Chinook acclimation pond lo-
cated along the Clearwater River (see map on next
page).
Some of the habitat and fish limiting factors as-
sociated with the Clearwater River include, water
T
he Clearwater River is a large tributary to quality issues, timber harvesting (heavier silt load
the Upper White River,, draining an area of introduction) Pink salmon carcasses (2007)
nearly 40 mi2. The Clearwater is a non- and channel
glacial river and originates on Bear Head MouMoun- confinement
tain, just west of the White River (south of Gree
Green- by logging
water). From Bear Head Mountain, the river flows roads which
just over 10.5 miles to its confluence with the continues to
White River at RM 35.3. The upper per 5 miles of the affected the
river runs through a steep narrow channel within rivers natu-
the Snoqualmie National Forest. The low lower 5.5 ral morphol-
miles of the Clearwater,
ter, flows within a broader vaval- ogy. Channel confinement has reduced the ade-
ley plain located within the privately owned White quacy of off channel habitat critical for adult
River tree farm (Hancock). spawning, as well as overwintering for juvenile
juve
Limited amounts of LWD are present in the Chinook,, steelhead and coho.
coho In addition, low in-
lower channel, and much of what is present is u un- stream flows are often encountered during the late
dersized or hardwood in origin. There are a series summer and early fall, often preventing Chinook
of cascades just from advancing beyond the lower 1 or 2 miles of the
above Lyle Creek river to spawn. Chinook,, pink and coho are often
at approximately seen holding in pools in the lower
lowe river for ex-
RM 4.5; these ca
cas- tended periods of time before increased flows allow
cades are cons
consi- further upstream migration. Despite these short-
shor
dered a block to comings, the Clearwater River continues to support
further upstream a substantial number of Chinook,
Chinook coho, pink and
migration. Howe
Howev- steelhead spawners.
er, much of the It’s important to note that all adult salmon and
spawning takes steelhead that spawn in the Clearwater River were
Chinook
place in the lower 2 captured at the USACE fish trap in Buckley, and
transported above Mud Mountain dam. Since pr pre- ter since surveys began for Chinook in 1991, but
cise escapement numbers for the upper White Ri Riv- were not surveyed for until 2002. Coho survey da-
er drainage are known, surveys are conducted to ta is often incomplete because it’s often difficult to
determine fish distribution and spawning success. survey the river when late autumn and winter
This is especially important regarding Spring Chi- flows increase. The first pink salmon surveys were
nook,, since adult production monitoring is part of conducted beginning in 2003 and continued in 2005
the White River Spring Chinook recovery pl plan. and 2007 (right photo on previous page). Prior to
Puyallup tribal fisheries biologists survey the 2003, few or no pinks were captured at the Buckley
Clearwater annually for Chinook,, coho and pink trap. Biologists
ologists with WDFW regularly survey the
salmon. Coho have been observed in the Clearw
Clearwa- Clearwater for steelhead in the spring.
As part of the
Map of the Clearwater River
Spring Chinook recov-
ery plan, the Puyallup
Tribe has operated a
Spring Chinook accli-
mation pond located at
RM 3.2 since 1995.
Approximately 200,000
plus Spring Chinook
from the Muckleshoot
White River hatchery
are transported to the
Clearwater pond in
early spring, and re-
leased in late May. All
fish are mass marked
with left or right ven-
tral fin clips. Odd
brood years are
marked with left ven-
tral clips, and even
years with right ven-
tral clips. These accli-
mation pond fish are
easily identified in the
future when caught as
adults or jacks at the
USACE fish trap in
Buckley, and can be
passed above Mud
Mountain dam to
spawn naturally.

2008 Clearwater River Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
100
LIVE
90 DEAD
REDDS
80
70
NUMBER OBSERVED
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
8/28/08 9/8/08 9/17/08 9/25/08 10/2/08 10/10/08 10/23/08
DATE SURVEYED
Clearwater River Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995

(1995--2008)
400
LIVE
DEAD
350
REDDS
278
300
274
272
231
NUMBER OBSERVED
250
222
219
200
145
140
139
150
125
125
121
99
87
100
80
78
78
76
73
72
70
61
60
53
47
43
43
50
33
31
30
29
29
27
26
25
20
19
18
18
17
7
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Clearwater River Chinook Run Timing (2000-

(2000-2008)
180 2008
2007
160 2006
2005
140
2004
2003
NUMB ER OF FISH OBSERVED
120
2002
100 2001
2000
80
60
40
20
0
Aug 15-25 Aug 26-Sept 5 Sept 6-Sept 15 Sept 16-Sept 25 Sept 26-Oct 5 Oct 6-Oct 15 Oct 16-Oct 25 Oct 26-Nov 5
DATE
Clearwater River Chinook Carcass Sampling (2002-

(2002-2008)
100
CARCASSES SAMPLED
90 CHINOOK WITH CODED WIRE TAG & ADIPOSE CLIP

(FALL/HATCHERY ORIGIN)
CHINOOK WITH ADIPOSE CLIP ONLY (HATCHERY ORIGIN)
80
WILD UNMARKED
ACCLIMATION POND (VENTRAL CLIP)

70
63
NUMBER OF CHINOOK
60 60
60
55
53
51
50 46
42
38 39
40 37
32
30
19
20
10
10 7 6 5 4 4
2 3 2 2 2
1 1
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Clearwater River Juvenile Spring Chinook Acclimation Pond And River Plants (1996-
(1996-2009)
400,000
POND PLANTS
350,000
RIVER PLANTS
300,000
237,900
237,800
226,500
NUMBER OF FISH PLANTED
217,000
207,870
250,000
199,000
198,800
193,375
175,000
200,000
149,980
127,498
120,393
150,000
72,600
100,000
32,300
50,000
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED
Approximately 200,000+ Spring Chinook from the Muckleshoot White River hatchery are transported to the Clearwater pond in
early spring, and then released in late May. All fish are mass marked with left or right ventral fin clips. Odd brood years are
marked with left ventral clips, and even years with right ventral clips. Road and pond damage (Jan. 2009 flood event) prevented
fish from being planted in the Clearwater pond during the 2009 acclimation season.
Clearwater River Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2009)
120
STEELHEAD REDDS
105
100
89
83
80 77
NUMBER OBSERVED
58 The 2009 redd data is

60 56 incomplete due to high
water conditions
which prevented a
regular full season of
40 surveys.
29
22
19
20
12
5
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
SEASON SURVEYED
All survey data for Clearwater steelhead was collected by WDFW biologists.

for coho and chum. Unfortunately, the majority of
COAL MINE the steam has little complexity; several portions of

the creek have minimal natural bank protection,
little or no instream woody debris
de or quality spawn-
CREEK 10.0432A ing gravel. However, the creek does provide good
quality rearing and overwintering conditions for ju- j
venile salmonids.. Coho juveniles are frequently ob- o
served throughout the entire surveyed reach of the t
creek. Cutthroat are also ever-present
ever in this small
rural stream. It is likely that juvenile steelhead,
the offspring from adult spawners in Wilkeson
Creek, utilize Coal Mine for rearing, foraging and
overwintering as well.
Moderate rural development exists
exist along the
lower 0.5 mile section
tion of the creek; consisting pri-
marily of private family homes, county and private
roads, as well as a rock quarry and public school.
The creek flows through a fish ish passable cement box
culvert approximately 0.15 miles up from the
mouth, and a second culvertvert near RM 0.6. When
C
oal Mine Creek,
Creek, which derived its name from
the fish passable box culvert was installed under
the local areas profound history in the coal
Railroad
ilroad Avenue several years ago,
ago some complexity
mining industry, is a small tributary to Wilk
Wilke-
had been added to the creek via a small restoration
son Creek (10.0432). Wilkeson Creek in turn is a
project which included the placement
placem of small sill
major tributary to South Prairie Creek (10.0429).
logs, root wads, boulders, along with native tree and
The creek flows southwest for just over a mile before
vegetative plantings.. The alder along the banks
entering Wilkeson Creek near ar RM 5.7 just south of
have since grown to provide improved coverage of
the community of Wilkeson.
the stream (top left photo).
Coal Mine is one of 5 index streams in the Puya
Puyal-
Spawning opportunities are noticeably reduced
lup Watershed that is surveyed for coho by the
downstream of the culvert crossing at Railroad Ave.
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. State
due to a narrow confined channel,
channel in addition to a
biologists use the coho escapement
capement from five “I“Index”
absence of suitable spawning gravel (right photo).
tributaries (Coal Mine, Spiketon, Fiske, Fennel and
Most of the substrate through this section consists
Canyonfalls) to estimate the total escapement for
of fine silt, sand, and exceedingly small patches of
the Puyallup River. Surveys of the creek over the
undersized gravel; however, relatively abundant
past decade have yet to document adult Chinook or
spawning gravel ex-
steelhead spawning utilization. Low instream se sea-
ists above the culvert.
sonal flows in Wilkeson, as well as Coal Mine, are
Nevertheless, several
likely the strongest limiting factors preventing
silty deposits exist
these species from reaching the stream to spawn.
throughout the entire
Although inconsistent from season to season
season, small
surveyed section. The
numbers of chum have been observed spawning in
rock and gravel quar-
Coal Mine during the month of December
December. Bull
ry site located near
trout utilization within this small stream is un-
the creek is one of the
known.
suspected sources of
Coal Mine is a small order short run stream with
the silt.
moderately low gradient; making it somewhat ideal

2008 Coal Mine Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
25
LIVE
DEAD
20
NUMBER OBSERVED
15
10
0
11/5/08 11/14/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/16/08 12/30/08 1/6/09 1/15/09 1/23/09 1/28/09
DATE SURVEYED
2008 Coal Mine Creek coho graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
Coal Mine Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-
(1998-2008)
250
231
LIVE
208 DEAD
198 195
200
172
159
153
NUMBER OBSERVED
150 139
100 90
81
66
60
50 43 42
29
22
16 17
8
4 2
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Coal Mine Creek coho graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.

suitable spawning substrate (right). The gradient
DEER along the lower 1.2 miles is moderate with numer-

ous deep pools.. The substrate throughout
through
nume
a great
deal of this spawning reach consists of small bould-
boul
CREEK 10.0865 ers, cobble, and flat angular stone; though, several
pockets of good spawning medium are often located
along the stream margins and pool tail-outs.
Unfortunately, anadromous salmon were unable
to access Deer Creekreek for nearly a century due to the
streams location upstream of the Electron diversion
dam on the Puyallup River. With the completion of
the Electron fish ladder (@ RM 41.7) in the fall of
2000, anadromous fish passage was restored for the
first time since 1904. Restoring anadromous access
to the upper Puyallup River has made approximate-
ly 26+ miles of spawning, rearing,
rearing and foraging ha-
bitat above the diversion available for several spe-
sp
cies including Chinook,, coho, pink, steelhead, and
bull trout.
Deer Creek is part of the surplus adult Chinook
D
eer Creek is a left bank headwater tributary and coho planting program. Deer Creek is one of
to the Puyallup River;; entering the upper the few streams in late summer and early fall with
Puyallup at mile 45.7, approximately 0.6 adequate
equate water flow to plant adult Chinook. Sur-
miles below Swift Creek. This high mountain plus adult Chinook from the WDFW hatchery lo- l
stream flows northwest through a steep narrow gla- cated on Voights Creek are planted during late
cial valley along the lower western slope of Mt. summer to early fall, and coho in late fall when
Rainier. Nearly the entire 6.5 miles of the Deer available (left). The Puyallup Tribe has been haul-hau
Creek drainage flows within the Mount BakerBaker- ing surplus adults from Voights Creek and planting
Snoqualmie National Forest and is non non-glacial in them in the upper Puyallup Watershed since1997;
origin. Instead, its sources originate from snowpack unfortunately no natural returns of Chinook or coho
accumulations; as well as surface and groundwater have been documented in Deer Creek as a result of
from the surrounding valley.. The primary ssurface these efforts.. However, natural returns of adult co-
water sources consist of three tributaries
ributaries including ho have occurred in Rushingwater,
Rushingwa Niesson, and
Big Creek and two unnamed tributaries
tributaries. Unfortu- Kellog creeks. Deer Creek is not surveyed
sur regular-
nately, these tributaries do not add any beneficial ly; rather, it iss spot checked to see how successful
spawning or rearing habitat given en their locations the adult plants were. The creek does; on the other
well above natural anadromous barriers. hand,, have a resident population of cutthroat trout.
Past forestry operations along the creek; primar
primari- It is also suspected that bull trout
t may be present,
ly timber harvesting and road construction
construction, had im- since they are
pacted portions of the stream. Currently
urrently, a benefi- known to popu-
cial riparian buffer zone of conifers and mixes decdeci- late the Mowich
duous trees exists along the majority of the creek. River and upper
The creek channel is confined by moderateerate to steep Puyallup; howev-
valley walls, with an impassable falls located at ap- er, bull trout
proximately RM 2.7. Spawning is significantly re- presence or utili-
duced upstream of RM 1.2 due to the substantial zation has not
increase in gradient, flow velocities,, and the lack of been documented.

Deer Creek Surplus Adult Chinook Plants (1997-

(1997-2008)
200
MALE CHINOOK
180
FEMALE CHINOOK
150
150
160
132
140
120
120
93
100
80
56
60
47
37
40
24
23
14
13
20
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR PLANTED
Deer Creek Surplus Adult Coho Plants (1997-

(1997-2008)
2,500
ADULT COHO
2,031
2,000
NUMBER OF COHO PLANTED
1,500
1,048
1,026
1,020
1,000
697
671
645
524
506
500
417
500
305
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR PLANTED

from ESA listing. Using acclimation ponds, limit-

limi
DIRU CREEK ing harvest, and making substantial gains in habi-

hab
tat restoration, the tribe will be able to accomplish
this task. Levee setbacks, oxbow reconnections
Puyallup Tribe of Indians both inter tidal and upland, Commencement Bay
Salmon Hatchery 10.0029 cleanup, and harvest cutbacks have already been
initiated. Only the jump-starting
starting of Chinook in
habitat areas devoid of fish remains the largest
challenge.
enge. Acclimation ponds are a proven method
in increasing fish numbers on the spawning
grounds. Hatchery rearing 200,000 Fall Chinook
for release on station and 200,000 for acclimation
ponds in the upper Puyallup River for a combined
6,857 pounds of fish. Historically, Fall Chinook
D
iru Creek Hatchery is located on Diru
have been reared since 1980 with a variety of
Creek (Rainbow Springs), a tributary to
stocks, goals, and objectives.
Clarks Creek in Puyallup, Washington.
Spring Chinook Hatchery Production
Water is supplied from two pumped wells (800
The five acclimation ponds the Puyallup Tribe
gpm) and gravity flow out of Diru Creek (200-500
operate (Greenwater, Huckleberry, Huck Aerial,
A
gpm). Incubation consists of 20 vertical stacks of
Cripple, and Clearwater) are satellite facilities to
12 trays. Initial rearing uses 16 shallow troughs in
the White River and Minter Creek Hatcheries.
the hatchery building. Additional rearing contai
contain-
Production levels have been around 400,000
ers include four 50’x5’x5’ raceways, two 6696 cubic
smolts; however, it fluctuates
tuates based on available
foot ponds (UP1 and UP2), and one 13,000 cubic
brood-stock. They have a production capacity of
foot pond (below, left) that are also used for holding
837,000 zero age smolts.
returning adults, as well as juveniles.
Fall Coho Hatchery Production
Fall
In addition, the Puyallup Tribe operates seven
Currently, 200,000 coho yearlings are imprinted
acclimation ponds in the Puyallup Watershed.
and released in the Upper Puyallup Watershed.
Three of the acclimation ponds are used for rees-
Coho originate from Voights Creek Hatchery where
tablishing Fall Chinook and coho into a 30 30-mile
100,000 are adipose clipped and coded wire tagged.
reach in the Upper Puyallup River above Electron
Fish are released at 20 fish per pound, for a total
Dam. Electron Dam has been an anadromous ba bar-
biomass of 10,000 pounds.
rier for 97 years. A fish ladder was constructed, Chum salmon fry
Winter Chum
and completed in fall of 2000. Three other acclim
acclima-
Hatchery Pro-
Pro-
tion ponds arere located in the Upper White River
duction
drainage. These ponds are used for reestablishing
The Puyal-
White River Spring Chinook back into their ende endem-
lup Tribe cur-
ic range. All ponds have approximately 10,000 ccu-
rently raises 1.5
bic feet of rearing space and between 1 to 3 cubic
to 2.3 million
feet per second flow. A new 35,000 cu. ft. Spring
chum smolts for
Chinook acclimation pond was completed in the
release into the
summer of 2007 near George Creek. Capable of
lower Puyallup
holding over 500,000 Spring Chinook,, the constru
construc-
River. This
tion of the acclimation pond was funded by the City
program signif-
of Tacoma as a result of a mitigation
tion settlement
settlement.
icantly aug-
The Puyallup Tribe’s restoration goal is to rre-
ments a Tribal
build depressed Chinook stocks and remove them
river fishery and All Citizen purse seine fishery in
2.5 million eggs. Once fish are ready to be moved

from the incubators,
cubators, they can be place in one of the
16 aluminum raceway-troughs
troughs and hand feeding
can begin. The troughs are 16 feet in length with a
flow rate of up to 25 gpm. When the fish are ap- a
proximately 500 to the pound, they are transferred
transferr
to one of two cement lined rearing ponds. Holding
the Chinook in the cement pond is only temporary
until they are up to a large enough size, usually in
late April, to be massed marked via an automated
tagger. Once tagged, the fish are planted in one of
the two naturalal acclimation ponds until they are
released in late May or early June.
White River Winter Steelhead Production
In 2006, the Puyallup Tribe, in partnership with
WDFW and the Muckleshoot Tribe, began artifi- artif
cially propagating White River winter steelhead.
steelhead
Rearing young steelhead is an integral part of the
White River winter steelhead pilot project, a pro- pr
gram designed to increase winter steelhead es-
capement in the White River. With the temporary
Fertilizing chum eggs closure of WDFW’s Voights Creek hatchery in Jan-
uary of 2009, the Puyallup Tribe has assumed the
majority of responsibility for continuing this impor- impo
East and West Pass in Puget Sound. This stock
tant restoration effort. Steelhead brood-stock
brood (ap-
originated initially from Chambers Creek. PuyaPuyal-
proximately 10 males and 10 females) are collected
lup Tribal Fisheries
es releases 1000 to 3000 pounds
from the White River USACE fish trap in Buckley
annually based on available brood- stock returns to
and are cur-
Diru Creek Hatchery. The program was started in
rently held,
1991 and has become self-sustaining.
spawned, in-
Current Fall Chinook Hatchery Production
cubated, and
In 2004, the Puyallup Tribal Fisheries Depar
Depart-
reared at the
ment began acclimating and releasing Fall Chinook
Puyallup
from its Clarks Creek facility, thereby discont
disconti-
Tribe’s Diru
nuing all Chinook releases from the Diru Creek
Creek hat-
Hatchery. In early 2005, construction of a new iin-
chery for a
cubation building
ng was completed at Clarks Creek. Juvenile White River winter steelhead
year. After
The incubation building houses 32 incubator stack;
rearing for a year and fish are of size (approximate-
each stack is
ly 17 fish per pound), the pre-smolts
pre are trans-
capable of
ported to the Muckleshoot hatchery
ha on the White
holding up to
River to acclimate before being released into the
77,000 Chi-
White River. The project goal is to release between be
nook eggs.
35,000-40,000
,000 steelhead pre-smolts
pre annually. This
This provides
project has already seen some success; several s
for a total cca-
marked (coded wire tag) steelhead were captured
pacity of a
ap-
Fall Chinook and passed above Mud Mountain dam in 2009.
proximately

Diru Creek Adult Chum Salmon Rack Return (2002-

(2002-2008)
22,500
2002
20,635
20,000 2003
2004 17680
17,500
2005
2006
15,000
2007
Number of Chum
12,500 2008 12620

11393
10,000
9686
7,500
7150
5,000
3942
2,500
0
8-Nov
13-Dec
20-Dec
27-Dec
15-Nov
22-Nov
29-Nov
3-Jan
6-Dec
10-Jan
17-Jan
24-Jan
31-Jan
Date
Diru Creek Chum Salmon Smolt Releases (1995-

(1995-2009)
CHUM SMOLTS
2,690,200
2,494,894
2,385,220
2,330,996
2,315,090
NUMBER OF CHUM SMOLTS RELEASED
2,135,125
1,927,970
1,774,280
1,763,137
1,738,599
1,295,739
1,235,328
1,229,960
990,690
487,990
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR

Juvenile Fall Chinook Salmon Outplants (1995-

(1995-2009)
1,538,977
DIRU 10.0029
COWSKULL 10.0680
HYLEBOS 10.0013
MOWICH 10.0624
WILKESON 10.0432
NUMBER OF FISH RELEASED
1,008,200
CLARKS 10.0027
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625
771,350
523,000
462,328
418,240
395,000
240,680
231,163
231,163
200,200
173,693
163,880
134,053
134,500
127,600
125,856
110,900
110,973
108,000
103,200
100,400
96,500
90,641
90,200
82,150
74,144
70,700
38,093
20,243
19,359
16,269
12,227
11,100
10,119
9,708
2,000
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED
946,596
Juvenile White River And Minter Creek Spring Chinook Outplants (1995-
(1995-2009)
HUCKLEBERRY 10.0253
CLEARWATER 10.0080
COWSKULL 10.0680
MOWICH 10.0624
CRIPPLE 10.0086 550,000

514,000
GREENWATER 10.0122
496,700
464,980
HUCK AERIAL 10.0253

401,245
382,300
356,000
254,550
247,891
243,000
237,900
237,800
226,500
223,740
218,631
217,450
217,000
201,536
198,800
199,000
189,720
185,798
182,440
181,386
175,650
99,736170,850
166,550
149,980
145,900
135,990
121,460
104,760
99,800
99,800
93,804
86,950
82,450
72,600
71,450
68,000
55,750
37,346
33,516
32,300
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED

(1998--2009)
Voights Creek Fall Juvenile Coho Salmon Outplants (1998
149,970
COWSKULL ACCLIMATION POND 10.0680
RUSHINGWATER ACCLIMATION POND 10.0625
LAKE KAPOWSIN
104,500
104,500
101,400
100,450
100,350
99,400
96,790
93,000
93,000
84,000
71,980
60,100
55,053
39,935
34,850
21,000
20,100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED
White River Winter Steelhead Pre-

Pre-Smolts Released from White River Hatchery (2007-
(2007-2009)
80,000
STEELHEAD PRE-
PRE-SMOLTS
70,000
PRE--SMOLTS RELEASED
60,000 56,378
50,000
NUMBER OF STEELHEAD PRE
40,000
31,900
30,000
25,631
20,000
10,000
0
2007 2008 2009
YEAR

the creek channel, combined with the low summer
DISCOVERY flow (approx. 2-3 cfs.) prevented bull trout from

migrating beyond this point. However, higher flows
would undoubtedly provide access to the upper
CREEK reach. The remainingning 0.5 miles of the creek
meanders through the edge of the forested area
along the White River floodplain (upper left photo).
The creek channel gradient increases slightly, as
well as the stream complexity due to some small
debris jams and LWD input. The T surrounding
riparian consists of primarily mature conifers with a
limited number er of mixed deciduous trees. Near RM
0.5 the creek turns sharply into the base of a small
valley ridge.
2007, PTF biologists conducted ex-
From 2005-2007,
tensive bull trout migration telemetry studies and
redd surveys along the upper White River and West
Fork White River;; focusing heavily on the headwa-
headw
ters located within Mt. Rainier National Park. The
D
iscovery
iscovery Creek is not officially identified or study results determined that the cold high moun-
named; this small tributary has no NPS or tain streams located within the National Park, in- i
WRIA designation and is referred to as Di Dis- cluding Discovery, provide the majority of the criti-crit
covery Creek by PTF staff.. Discovery Creek is a cal bull trout spawning habitat in the basin. In ad- a
small right bank tributary to the upper White River; dition, bull ull trout spawning was less frequent in this
this small creek was discovered in 2007 while con- tributary com-
ducting telemetry and spawning ground survey surveys for pared to that ob-
bull trout, hence the name. As with most of the served in several
headwater tributaries of the White, the elevation of significant head-
this creek is likely too high for Chinook
Chinook, coho and water tributaries
pink salmon. Discovery Creek originates from an located along the
underground spring at the base of a small ridge White River, such
running parallel to the White River access road. as Klickitat and No
Discovery Creek enters the White River just u up- Name. Spawning bull trout
stream of Shaw Creek at approximately RM 69.5 69.5, Spawning activity has been observed in the lower
and provides 0.5 miles of exceptional habitat cond
condi- 150-200 feet of the creek over the past two seasons
tions for bull trout rearing and spawni
spawning. (2007 & 2008). During the 2007 season, bull trout tro
The first 150-200 feet of the creek is low grad
gradient were observed spawning in Discovery
Dis Creek during
and flows within the channel migration zone of the mid September. Two of the bull trout observed
White River (lower left photo). The habitat within spawning were part of the migration telemetry
this section offers study (right photo).. Both bull trout were surgically
suitable spawning implanted with LOTEK Nano radio tags and re-
conditions for bull leased near the Greenwater River (RM 45) in late
trout. However, June. The fish were then tracked to the creek
during the 2007 and where they were observed spawning
spa together be-
2008 survey season, neath a channel spanning piece of LWD in the lower
a 2-3
3 foot jump in 75 feet of the creek.

2008 Discovery Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts

10 LIVE
DEAD
9 REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
9/9/08 9/19/08 9/26/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Discovery Creek can be found in Appendix D.

and steelhead; as well as

ELECTRON coho, cutthroat and rain-
bow trout are diverted
down the flume and into
FISH BYPASS the fore bay annually.
Many of the juvenile fish
diverted into the fore bay
FACILITY are drawn to the pens-
tocks (intake) of the po-
werhouse, and are subse-
PUGET SOUND ENERGY quently destroyed. Adults
PUYALLUP RIVER are too large to pass
Fish by-pass trap
through the penstock screens.ens.
DIVERSION In 2001, PSE completed
pleted construction of a fish by-
pass facility to help address the fish losses in the
fore bay.. Even after the fish trap went on-line,
on Chi-
nook and coho losses have continued to range be- b
tween 60-80%;
80%; with coho rates being slightly
slight higher
than Chinook. Continuing
tinuing efforts are being made
by the Puyallup Tribe
ribe and PSE to reduce
r these
losses.
Upon entering
the forebay, water
flow is diverted
towards the fish
trap by large steel
plates suspended
Forebay (background) and the fish by-pass trap
pping facility by buoys. An ex-
clusionary guide
P
uget Sound Energy’s (PSE) Electron Hy Hydroe-
net is also in place
lectric facility utilizes water diverted from
across the fore bay during the annual smolt migra- migr
the Puyallup River at RM 41.7 (bottom pho-
tion period. Many of the smolts caught during this
to). The diverted water is channeled 10.1 miles
period are fish that have escaped from holding
through a flume and settling pond before collecting
ponds above the diversionsion dam. These efforts are
into a small reservoir, or forebay (upper left). The
made to direct
rect the fish into the trap where they are
water held in the forebay is used to generate power
crowded into a hopper, and then deposited into a
via four turbines located in the power house appro approx-
large holding tank (right cen nter). Fish are dip-
imately 800 feet below the fore bay.. Thousands of
netted from the holding tank and placed into a
salmonids including threatened ed Chinook, bull trout,
smaller container and anesthetized,
anesth
identified and measured. Finally, fish
are placed into a water trailer
tra for
transport down to the powerhouse
where they are released back into in the
Puyallup River at RM 31.2.
31.2
The Electron fish ladder (left side of photo),

diversion dam (center), and headworks
(Winter 2008).

Average Fork Length of Chinook and Coho Captured in the Electron Fish Bypass Facility (2008)
200
CHIN (U)
180 CHIN 0 (M)
COHO 0 (U)
160
COHO 1+ (U)
140
120
Length (mm)
100
80
60
40
20
0
January February March April May June July August September October November December
Month
M: Marked Fish (fin clip), Hatchery Origin - U: Unmarked Fish, Wild Origin - 0: Young of the Year - 1+: 1 Year+ age Fish
Number of Chinook and Coho Captured in the Electron Fish Bypass Facility (2008)
45,000
39,724
1999
CHIN 1+ (M),
2000
40,000 CHIN 0 (M),
83, 2%
1, 0% 2001
CHIN (U), 2002
35,000 329, 10%
2003
CUT
COHO 0 (U)
2004
28
30,000 1%
2475 2005
74%
2006
Number of Fish Captured
COHO 1+
25,000
(U), 428, 13%
2007
2008
14,805
14,805
20,000 Percentage of Juvenile and Smolt Salmonids Captured in the

Electron Fish Bypass Facility (2008)
12,743
15,000
9,560
9,386
7,660
6,137
10,000
5,587
4,922
3,928
3,841
3,334
3,192
3,126
2,792
2,628
2,531
2,475
2,452
2,116
1,401
1,350
1,144
1,123
1,064
1,029
5,000
897
786
587
580
414
428
329
306
252
223
177
83
86
64
45
21
29
10
17
9
3
1
1
2
4
0
0
1
0
0
0
CHIN (U) CHIN 0 (M) CHIN 1+ (M) COHO 0 (U) COHO 1+ (U) COHO 1+ (M)
Species
M: Marked Fish (fin clip), Hatchery Origin - U: Unmarked Fish, Wild Origin - 0: Young of the Year - 1+: 1 Year+ age Fish

channel containing excellent, if somewhat

som unstable
FENNEL spawning gravels; as well as much lower amounts of

LWD and less channel complexity then what is
found upstream. Approximately 0.2 miles up-
CREEK 10.0406 stream of the McCutcheon Bridge is a short run

spring fed tributary, Fennel
nel Tributary,
Tri which con-
tains excellent spawning
ning gravel and frequently sup-
ports high densities of adult chum spawners.
The upper anadromous reach of Fennel Creek is
a complex, moderate gradient, pool-riffle/step-pool
pool
stream flowing through a broad valley (left photo).
Victor falls, at RM 1.9, blocks any further upstream
migration. The riparian zone is well intact due to
little or no agricultural or residential land use de-
d
velopment along most of the creek channel; the
overstory riparian consists of a mature hardwood
and conifer forest withh a dense understory of sal-
sa
monberry and vine maple. Throughout the upper
1.5 mile anadromous stretch, abundant LWD lies in
and adjacent to the channel; as well as several small
F
ennel Creek (Kelly Cr.) flows nearly 8 miles
in-stream
stream logjams. Spawning gravel is abundant
from its source of wetlands and lowland
and excellent throughout this reach, as are numer-
lakes located on the plateau near Bonney
ous deep resting pools for juveniles
juvenile and adult mi-
Lake and HWY 410; to its eventual al convergence
grants.
with the Puyallup River near Alderton at RM 15.5.
Uniquely, Fennel Creek experiences an early
With a drainage area of over 6.5 square miles
miles, Fen-
run of chum salmon each year; with fish often enter-
ente
nel Creek provides approximately 2 miles of ana-
ing the creek in late October,, nearly three weeks
dromous usage. A natural 100 foot barrier falls
earlier than most lower Puyallup tributaries. Also
(Victor Falls) is located at river mile 1.9. The an
ana-
noteworthy, is the unprecedented number of Chi-
dromous reach provides abundant suitable habitat
nook adults observed spawning in the creek during
for Chinook,, coho, pink, chum, and steelhead. Pink
the 2007 season. Although carcass sampling
samplin
and chum salmon are undoubtedly the most prolific
showed that around 85% were hatchery origin; over
species to spawn in the creek; unfortunately,
nfortunately, stee
steel-
150 adult Chinook were counted in the creek, dwarf-
head escapement has dropped precipitously over the
ing the average seasonal count of 6 (range 1-14).
past decade. Bull trout utilization in Fennel Creek
Coho and chum seasonal totals on the following
is unknown;; however, it is assumed that Adult
pages include both Fennel Creek, and Fennel Tribu-
T
fluvial bull trout which are often caught in the
tary data combined.
Puyallup River near Fennel, and are known to ffo-
In May of 2009, a 9.75-acrere land conservation
rage in the smaller tributaries of the lower Puyal-
area along Fennel Creek in Bonney Lake was
lup, likely exploit prey species in Fennel Creek as
created through a cooperative partnership between
well. Other species present throughout Fennel in-
Pierce County, the City of Bonney Lake and the
clude cutthroat trout, sculpins, sticklebacks, and
Cascade Land Conservancy.. The land conservancy
lamprey.
will protect habitat along Fennel Creek and will
wil
The lowest reach of the creek, extending from the
eventually be the location of the Fennel Creek
mouth to McCutcheon Rd. Bridge (0.3 miles), flows
Trailhead. For more information on Fennel Creek,
primarily within the Puyallup River flood plain.
or if you would like to support preservation efforts
This section of the creek consists of a low gradient
on the creek, go to www.fennelcreek.org.
2008 Fennel Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
15
LIVE
14
DEAD
13 REDDS
12
11
10
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
9/4/08 9/11/08 9/19/08 9/29/08 10/8/08 10/17/08 10/27/08
DATE SURVEYED
(1999--2008)
Fennel Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999
LIVE
160 153 DEAD
REDDS
140
124
120
NUMBER OBSERVED
100
80
60 53
40
28
21
20 14 13
8 9 8 6 9 10
5 7
3 3 4 2 4 4 5 2 4 2 2
1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Fennel Creek Chinook Carcass Sampling ( 2003-

2003-2008)
120
CARCASSES SAMPLED
103
CWT & ADIPOSE CLIP (FALL/HATCHERY ORIGIN)
100
ADIPOSE CLIP ONLY (HATCHERY ORIGIN)
86
WILD UNMARKED
80
NUMBER OF CHINOOK
60
40
20 15
5 4
2 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 2
0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SAMPLED
Fennel Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-

(1998-2008)
300
275
LIVE
DEAD
237
250
186
200
NUMBER OBSERVED
133
150
100
75
72
57
56
39
50
32
28
26
16
12
11
11
11
6
5
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Fennel Creek coho graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW.

2008 Fennel Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
200
180 LIVE
DEAD
160
140
NUMBER OBSERVED
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
10/27/08 11/5/08 11/17/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/16/08 1/6/09 1/15/09
DATE SURVEYED
2008 Fennel Creek chum graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW and PTF.
2008 Fennel Tributary Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
80
LIVE DEAD
70
60
50
NUMBER OBSERVED
40
30
20
10
0
11/17/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/16/08 1/6/09 1/15/09
DATE SURVEYED
2008 Fennel Tributary graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW and PTF.
Fennel Creek and Fennel Trib Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-
(1998-2008)
10,000
8,975
9,000
LIVE DEAD
8,000
7,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
5,308
5,253
6,000
4,911
4,537
4,501
4,472
4,292
5,000
3,867
3,571
4,000
2,655
2,381
3,000
1,759
2,000
1,199
972
914
874
859
678
658
478
1,000
437
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Fennel Creek and Fennel Tributary chum graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW and PTF biologists.

from the mouth, make ake is less than ideal for chum.
FISKE Bull trout are known to utilize the mainstem river;

however, it’s currently unknown what bull trout uti-
lization is, if any, within
in Fiske.
Fiske
CREEK 10.0596
10.0596
Fiske Creek is a small stream flowing just over 2
miles, with a small unnamed tributary entering its
right bank at RM 1.0. The upper headwaters reach
is primarily cascades/step
/step pool,
pool with a substrate
consisting primarily of large cobble and boulders.
The lowerr reach of the creek consists of a low to
moderate gradient pool-riffle
riffle channel with moderate
riparian cover from the surrounding conifer and de-
ciduous forest. Relatively abundant spawning gra- gr
vel exists throughout most of the stream, but is
somewhat compacted in the lower portion of the
channel
There are several limiting factors affecting fish
f
and habitat within Fiske. The he creek channel is con-
fined due to natural channel cutting, steep banks and
rip-raped banks. Along the road and within the
F
iske
iske Creek is a small tributary to the Puya
Puyal-
boundaries of private property, the t channel is slightly
lup River, entering the Puyallup at appro
approx-
incisedd and lacks any real complexity or off-channel
imately RM 26.6. Fiske Creek, (fiske is a
habitat such as wetlands, side channels,
channels or large
Swedish word meaning “fish”) is one of 5 index
woody debris. Moderate amounts of residential and
streams in the Puyallup Watershed surveyed for
other land use development exist along the creek,
coho by the Washington Department of Fish and
including private forest management. Land use
Wildlife. State biologists use the coho escapement
along the lower reach
from five “index” tributaries (Coal Mine, Spiketon,
consists mostly of pri-
Fiske, Fennel and Canyonfalls creeks) to estimate
vate family residences
the total escapement for the Puyallup River.
and a county road
Coho are the only species observed spawning
(Brooks Road) which
within Fiske Creek in significant numbers
mbers, although
often intersects the
those numbers are relatively low (average 37, range
creek. In addition, wa-
0-141). In the past, steelhead and chum have been
ter is regularly diverted
documented spawning in the creek as well. UnfoUnfor-
from the creek into a
tunately, seasonal flows within Fiske Creek are oof-
private pond on the
ten inadequate to allow access for Chinook or steel-
lower reach. The creek
head to
passes through a couple
spawn,
of small, yet fish passable culverts (lower left), as
and the
well as a low narrow
row bridge located approximately
appro
streams
0.3 miles up from its mouth.
location
Several years ago, someome complexity
complexi was added to
in the wa-
the creek via a small restoration
ration project which in-
wa-
cluded the placement of small sill logs and boulders
tershed,
(top left). However, tremendous improvements
im are
nearly 27
possible to stream channel habitat and instream
miles
flows.
2008 Fiske Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
25 LIVE
DEAD
20
NUMBER OBSERVED
15
10
0
10/22/08 11/5/08 11/14/08 12/2/08 12/9/08 12/30/08
DATE SURVEYED
2008 Fiske Creek coho graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
Fiske Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-

(1998-2008)
160
LIVE
141
140 DEAD
120
NUMBER OBSERVED
100
80
61
60
40
40 33
29
25 25 23
20 16 15 16
12 10
5 5 6
3 2
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Fiske Creek coho graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
ings are imprinted and released from the acclima-
FOX tion ponds, or are planted directly into the lake. All
fish are marked with an adipose fin clip and approx-
imately half (100,000) are implanted with a coded
CREEK 10.0608 wire tag,, in addition to an adipose fin clip.

clip
From its confluence with the Puyallup River, to
approximately RM 0.3, Fox is a low gradient pool-pool
riffle stream flowing through a moderately dense
forested area consisting mostly of alders. There is
abundant spawning habitat; coho, chum and steel- stee
head redds have been observed within this lower
reach. Beyond this, from RM 0.3 to 0.5 the creek
meanders through a grassy area with little riparian
cover and moderate amounts of fine materials
material ob-
scuring the gravelly substrate (center right). The
channel is relatively narrow and incised, yet coho
spawning is prolific throughout the entire segment.
This “middle reach” often has the highest spawning
densities. Beyond RM 0.5, Fox becomes a moderate
gradient step-pool/riffle stream with good pool fre-fr
F
ox Creek joins the Puyallup River at RM quency, along with adequate small conifer and
29.5. Fox Creek is primarily a coho stream, hardwood riparian cover. There are few mature
with fish likely ascending as far up as the conifers in this reach, although many young Grand
Kapowsin tree farm’s 6 Rd; however, the majority of firs have been
spawning occurs within the first mile of the creek
creek. planted as a resto-
Fox Creek flows within the Kapowsin tree farm ration effort.
(Hancock Forest Resource Group), where roads and A substantial
timber harvesting have impacted several portions of amount of beaver
the stream in the past. The most suitable spawning (Castor canadensis)
habitat exists from the mouth, up to the RoaRoad 1 activity exists
Bridge. Although infrequent, chum and steelhead throughout Fox
spawning activity has been observed in the p past. Creek. Beaver dams, some up to six feet in height
Extensive sampling of coho carcasses for coded (lower right), often completely block and prevent
wire tags and fin clips (lower left photo), has re- fish from migrating upstream. Dams located along
vealed that a large percentage of the adult spawners the lower mile of the creek are often breached dur- du
in Fox are Voights Creek hatchery origin fish. As ing the beginning of the coho season to allow fish
juveniles, these fish access to o the spawning habitat above. Currently,
were relocated from the lower reach of the creek (RM 0-0.15)
0 is a low
Voights Creek hat- gradient channel flowing within the open channel
chery to acclimation migration zone of
ponds in the upper the Puyallup Riv-
Puyall
Puyallup River er floodplain, and
(Cowskull and R Ru- is repeatedly ma-
shingwater) or Lake nipulated by
Kapowsin
Kapowsin. Each mainstem river
spring
spring; as many as incursions (top
Coho carcass sampling
200,000+ coho year
yearl- left).

2008 Fox Creek Coho Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
100
LIVE
90 DEAD
80
70
NUMBER OBSERVED
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10/14/08 10/23/08 10/28/08 11/5/08 11/17/08 11/26/08
DATE SURVEYED
Fox Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2008)
1,400
1,230
LIVE
1,200
1,054
DEAD
1,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
745
732
800
721
540
600
461
429
382
378
355
400
304
151
200
112
111
104
72
67
49
44
39
21
18
17
9
7
2
1
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Fox Creek Coho Run Timing (2001-

(2001-2008)
500 2008
2007
450
2006
2005
400
2004
350 2003
NUMBER OF COHO OBSERVED
2002
300 2001
250
200
150
100
50
0
Sept. 20-30 Oct. 1-10 Oct. 11-20 Oct. 21-31 Nov. 1-10 Nov. 11-20 Nov. 21-30 Dec. 1-10 Dec. 11-20 Dec. 21-31
DATE
Fox Creek Coho Salmon Carcass Sampling Results (2002-

(2002-2008)
800
721 CARCASSES SAMPLED

700
CARCASS WITH ADIPOSE FIN CLIP AND
CWT (HATCHERY ORIGIN)
600 CARCASS WITH ADIPOSE FIN CLIP
540 ONLY (HATCHERY ORIGIN)
NUMBER OF COHO CARCASSES
UNMARKED CARCASS (WILD)

500
461 460
400
300
300 277
240
203 195
200 173 183
90
100 66 68
44 50 49 54
42
21 28 30
18 18
2 1 6
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

flow, there are several

everal smaller nonglacial tributa-
FRYINGPAN ries contributing flow along Fryingpan’s nearly 4.7

mile length.
The first 1.4 miles of the creek consists of a large
CREEK 10.0369
10.0369
active braided channel that is low-to-moderate gra-
dient (lower left).. Several patches of excellent
spawning gravel are available throughout this lower
F ryingpan reach of the creek. Considerable amounts of LWD

Creek is a aree present in the channel, although a great deal of
moderate it doesn’t interact with the stream during average
sized right bank seasonal flows. Nevertheless, ample amounts of
tributary to the LWD are embedded in the creek channel creating
Upper White beneficial fish habitat. In addition to spawning ha- h
River. This bitat, numerous pools and side channels are located lo
headwater
headwaters throughout this lower reach; ; providing excellent
creek is susur- rearing
ing habitat for juvenile fish. Wright Creek, a
veyed for bull right bank tributary located at RM 1.5, provides ad- a
trout from late ditional spawning habitat for bull trout (approx.
August through 0.15 mi.) ; four redds were observed in 2007 near
September. Un- the mouth.
fortunately
fortunately, the From approximately RM 1.4 to the falls, the
creeks 3700’
3700’+ channel begins to narrow considerably due to the
elevation is likely too high for Chinook and coho. confinement created by steep upper valley walls.
Steelhead surveys conducted in 2001 yet did not rre- The channel assumes
veal any spawning activity; however, ssteelhead are a step-pool configura-
quite
uite capable of ascending to this headwa
headwater tribution from this point
tary to spawn; therefore, this should not preclude on. Throughout this
the possibility of steelhead utilization within this final reach of fish
stream. Fryingpan does host a population of res resi- usage, spawning op-
dent cutthroat and bull trout; providing excellent portunities are re-
rearing and spawning habitat for these two species. duced due to the in-
Fryingpan enters the White River north of S Su- creased gradient,
nrise road at approximately RM 70.5. Fryingpan predominately larger
provides approximately y 1.7 miles of anadromous substrate, and rapid
usage. A falls (top left photo) located at appro
approx- flows encountered.
imately RM 1.7 blocks any further upstream migr migra- Bull trout have been Upper Fryingpan Creek, 0.3 miles
tion. The creek is almost entirely bordered by an documented ascend- below the barrier falls.
old growth coniferous forest, and the water is cooled ing as far as the base of the falls.
year round by In 2006 and 2007, Puyallup Tribal Fisheries
glacial melt wa- staff radio tagged bull trout (9 fish in 2006 & 19 fish
ter from in 2007) captured
ptured in the USACE fish trap near
Fryingpan Buckley. Subsequently, a few of these bull trout
Glacier (right were tracked from their release site at RM 45 on the
photo). In ad- White River (near the town of Greenwater) to
dition to the Fryingpan Creek and its tributary Wright Creek.
glacial iinflu- Spawning was observed in both creeks during the
enced mainstem month of September.
2008 Fryingpan Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
10 LIVE
DEAD
9 REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
8/29/08 9/9/08 9/19/08 9/26/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Fryingpan Creek can be found in Appendix D.
2008 Fryingpan Creek Water Temperature (August 29-

29-October 13)
Average: 6.04
Max: 11.27
Min: 1.26

dient pool-riffle
riffle stream with abundant high quality
qual
GREENWATER spawning gravel.vel. Much of the river flows through
U.S. Forest Service land and the riparian
ripa zone con-
sists primarily of second growth conifers,
conifer and hard-
RIVER 10.0122 woods. Forestry operations along the river, primari-
ly timber harvesting and road construction,
construction current-
ly and in the past, impacted portions
por of the stream.
Only limited amounts of LWD exist in the channel,
and the average size reflects the surrounding young
forest and is therefore generally small in nature.
What large wood d exists is usually quite old,
old yet is
located too far from the river channel.
The Greenwater is surveyed for both Chinook
and steelhead by the Washington Department of
Fish and Wildlife, but not for coho. As with all up-
per White River surveys; adult salmon and steel- stee
head that spawn in the Greenwater River were cap- ca
tured at the USACE fish trap in Buckley, and
transported above Mud Mountain dam. Since pre- pr
cise escapement numbers for the upper White River
T
he Greenwater River is a right bank tributary drainage are known, surveys are conducted to de- d
to the upper mainstem White River. The termine fish distribution and spawning success. The
Greenwater originates in the Norse Peaks Upper White River coho escapement is derived from
Wilderness area on Castle Mountain and flows wes- counts made at the Army Corps of Engineers’ Buck- Buc
terly until it converges with the White RRiver (RM ley trap.
46) near the small town of Greenwater
Greenwater. The In the spring of 2007, the Puyallup tribe trans-
tran
Greenwater
ater basin drains an area over 73 square ported 223,740 juvenile Spring Chinook
Chino from
miles with an average water discharge of 210 cfs WDFW’s Minter Creek facility, to the Greenwater
(USGS gauge #12097500). Several significant tribu- River. These fish were planted directly into the
ignificant trib
taries contribute flow along the Green nwater River’s creek since there was no acclimation pond available
21 mile course, including Pyramid, Lost, Maggie
Maggie, on the Greenwater prior to 2007. To address this
Slide, and Twenty-eight Mile creeks. Historically, issue, a new 35,000 cu. ft. Spring Chinook acclima-
the Greenwater River has supported ESA listed tion pond was completed in the summer of 2007 20
Spring Chinook, and recently the listed steelhead near George Creek (right photo). Capable of holding
(2007 ESA listing). In addition to Chinook and over 500,000 Spring
steelhead, the Greenwater supports large runs of Chinook (550,000 in
Greenwa- 2008 & 830,996 in
pink and coho salmon. Traditionally,, the Greenw
ter Basin has also supported a substantial amount 2009), the construction
of recreational of the acclimation pond Greenwater
use, which has was funded by the City River
had its impact on of Tacoma as a result of

fish and wildlife a mitigation settlement.
issues. Design engineering was
Greenwa- funded by the Pacific
The Greenw Acclimation pond
ter is a medium Coast Salmon Recovery
sized, low gr
gra- Fund (PCSRF).

2008 Greenwater River Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
140
LIVE
DEAD
120 REDDS
100
NUMBER OBSERVED
80
60
40
20
0
9/11/08 9/18/08 10/1/08 10/15/08
DATE SURVEYED
2008 Greenwater River Chinook graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
Greenwater River Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2008)
600
559 LIVE
DEAD
500 REDDS
390
370
400
NUMBER OBSERVED
318
277
275
300
249
244
236
219
219
192
190
170
200
127
122
116
107
101
91
81
80
100
73
63
49
44
42
29
26
25
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 Greenwater River Chinook graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
Greenwater River Steelhead Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2002-

(2002-2009)
60
56
STEELHEAD REDDS
50
50
41
40
NUMBER OBSERVED
30
27 N N N
o 24 o o
t t t
20 S S S
u u u
r r r
v v v
10 e e e
y y y
e e e
d d d
0
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
SEASON SURVEYED
2009 Greenwater River steelhead graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists. Steelhead surveys could
not be conducted in 2006 and 2008 due to unfavorable and unsafe stream conditions.

ing several logjams,

jams, as well as free and fixed chan-
HUCKLEBERRY nel spanning structures.
Since
nce 1994, the Puyallup Tribe
T has operated two
ponds used for acclimating Spring Chinook which
CREEK 10.0253 are planted in March, and released in May or early
June. The Spring Chinook plants are an integral
uckleberry
H Creek is a
tributary to
the Upper White
part of the White River Spring Chinook recovery
plan. The juvenile Spring Chinook originated from
the Muckleshoot White River Hatchery and
WDFW’s hatchery on Minter Creek. Production
River. The creek
levels have been around 400,000 smolts; although,
origiinates from
the Huckleberry it fluctuates
tuates based on available brood-stock.
brood They
basin along the have a production capacity of 837,000 zero age
smolts. Between 100,000 to 500,000+ Spring Chi-
North Slope of Mt.
nook from the WDFW Minter Creek facility and the
Rainier and is
Muckleshoot White River hatchery are transported
non--glacial (top
left). The cr
creek to the Huckleberry Creek acclimation ponds in early
flows through the spring, and released in late spring. All fish are
National PPark and mass marked with left or right ventral fin clips.
Odd brood years are marked with left ventral clips,
Snoqualmie National Forest lands before meet meeting
and even years with right ventral clips. These fish
the West Fork of the White at RM 53.1. The lower
can later be identified when caught
caug at the USACE
0.5 miles consists of a low gradient, occasionally
braided channel with a large side channel complex fish trap in Buckley and passed above the Mud
breaking off around RM 0.3. The surrounding rip ripa- Mountain dam to spawn. The water intake for the
lower Huckleberry pond was destroyed in the No- N
rian is a mixture of conifers and deciduous trees.
The spawning gravel is excellent in the first half vember 2006 flood event (repaired in summer of
mile reach, which consistently supports the highest 2007);; preventing fish from being be planted in the
densities of Spring Chinook and coho spawners lower pond during the spring of 2007.
As with all upper White River tributaries, adult
each season, and pinks on odd years.. Steelhead
salmon and
usage has also been documented in Huckleberry;
however, steelhead surveys have not been co con- steelhead
that spawn
ducted for several years.
in Huckle-
The gradient increases slightly From RM 0.5 to
1.5, but the gravel quality remains excellent, a al- berry
Creek were
though slightly larger and patchy in nature. The
captured at
riparian corridor consists of old growth conifers u up-
stream of the acclimation pond at RM 0.5, offering the USACE
fish trap in
excellent
Buckley,
LWD re-
then trans-
cruitment. Lower Huckleberry Creek
In-stream ported and released approximately

imately 4 miles above
LWD is Mud Mountain Dam. Since precise escapement
numbers for the upper White River drainage are
moderate
throughout known, spawning surveys are conducted to deter- dete
the entire mine fish distribution and spawning success. This
creek, creat- is important regarding Spring Chinook,
Chinook since adult
production monitoring is part of the recovery plan.
2008 Huckleberry Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
30
LIVE
DEAD
REDDS
25
20
NUMBER OBSERVED
15
10
0
8/22/08 9/10/08 9/18/08 9/25/08 10/2/08
DATE SURVEYED
Upper White River surveys show distribution and timing. Actual escapement totals are known from the USACE trap counts.
Huckleberry Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2008)
500
LIVE
450 437
DEAD
400
REDDS
350
NUMBER OBSERVED
300
250
200
150
100 82 84 89
77
66 68 65
60
50 48
50 32 37 35 38 32 29 37 37
25 24
14 17
1 4 5 5 5
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Huckleberry Creek Spring Chinook Acclimation Pond Plants (1995-

(1995-2009)
700,000
Spring Chinook Planted in Lower Pond
Spring Chinook Planted in Upper Huck Aerial Pond

600,000
514,000
496,700
Direct Creek Plants
464,980
500,000
382,300
356,000
400,000
254,550
243,000
300,000
218,631
217,450
189,720
182,440
175,650
145,900
200,000
121,460
107,850
99,736
93,804
82,450
100,000
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED
Between 100,000 to 500,000+ Spring Chinook from the WDFW Minter Creek and the Muckleshoot White River hatcheries are
transported to the Huckleberry Creek acclimation ponds in early spring, and released in late spring. All fish are mass marked
with left or right ventral fin clips. Odd brood years are marked with left ventral clips, and even years with right ventral clips.
These fish can later be identified when caught at the USACE fish trap in Buckley and passed above the Mud Mountain dam to
spawn. The water intake for the lower Huckleberry pond was destroyed in the November 2006 flood event; preventing fish from
being planted in the lower pond during the 2007 season. Snow accumulation, in addition to road and pond damage (Jan. 2009
flood event) prevented fish from being planted in the upper Huck Aerial pond during the 2009 acclimation season.

quired in recent years for protection and restora-

restor
HYLEBOS tion.
Although spawning
awning frequency is low for all spe-
sp
cies and inconsistent for some; Chinook, chum, pink,
CREEK 10.0006 coho, and steelhead have all been observed spawn-
spaw
ing within the surveyed area of Hylebos Creek. In I
addition, Hylebos Creek also host a large population
of cutthroat trout,
ut, as well as other native and non-
no
native species including sticklebacks, sculpins,
lamprey and bass. The stream section most often
surveyed by the Puyallup Tribe is the Lower West
Fork Hylebos extending from 373rd St., upstream to
the Montessori school att Hwy. 99 and downstream
from 373rd to the East Fork.. The upper extent of
Chinook spawning is generally a half mile past the
convergence of the East and West Forks. Passage
beyond this is often difficult due low instream flows
The West Fork of Hylebos Creek just downstream of the Spring preventing Chinook from migrating
mig far up either
Valley Ranch restoration site. fork. Higher instream flows experienced during the
fall and winter often allow coho and chum to access
H
ylebos Creek (named after Peter Francis the upper reaches of the Hylebos.
Hylebos (1848-1918),original
original native name As part of the continuing fish and habitat resto-
haxtl’, also called “Koch”” by early natives)1 ration efforts, the Puyallup lup Tribe regularly released
is an large, independent drainage nage from that of the between 10 and 20 thousand juvenile Fall Chinook
Puyallup/White River system. Draining an area of into the West Fork of Hylebos Creek during the
over 18 square miles, the headwater of the Hylebos spring (lower right). Spawning surveys over time
system originate ate in the city of Federal Way and flow have identified these fish on the spawning grounds
southwest until it empties into the Hylebos Wate Water- due to fin clips administered at the hatchery
ha prior
way; one of several waterways located ocated in Com- release. In addition, the
he 27 acres
a above 373 St.,
rd
mencement Bay within the city of Tacoma Tacoma. The known as the Spring Valley Ranch, was purchased
East and West Forks of the Hylebos comprise omprise two of by the Washington State Department of Transpor-
Transpo
the three basins within this system, and make up tation (WSDOT) in 2004. Restoration efforts for
the upper part of the watershed. tershed. The East and this site were completed in 2007.
2007 The restoration
West Forks converge just east of I-5 to form the project restored nearly a quarter mile of creek
Lower Hylebos. channel and wetland habitat. The project will also
The Hylebos Watershed has been severely iim- establish a riparian buffer zone comprised
compri of native
pacted by urban development. Land and uses over the trees and plants. Inn 2008, the City
C of Federal Way
past several decades has resulted in an extensive acquired the 22 acre Gold-
loss of estuarine and wetland habitats, tats, reduction of max property. This acqui-
water quality (303(d) listed) and fish production, as sition will preserve 1,200
well as diminished instream flows and stream feet of creek channel and
channel continuity. Nevertheless,, the watershed surrounding land located
does have protected areas, and substantial parcels on the West Fork of the Hy-
of the creek and surrounding land have been a ac- lebos. For more informa-
________________________ tion about Hylebos Creek,
1
Caster, D. 2003. Father Hylebos, St. George’s Indian School and contact Friends of the Hy-
Cemetery, and St. Claire’s Mission Church. Prepared for the Hi
His-
torical Society of Federal Way. 18pp. lebos at www.hylebos.org.
Hylebos Creek Juvenile Fall Chinook and Chum Plants (2001-

(2001-2009)
120,000
Fall Chinook
100,000
Chum
100,000
80,000
Number of fish Planted
60,000
40,000
20,243
19,359
16,269
12,227
11,100
10,119
20,000
9,708
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Year Planted

when other salmon species are experiencing rela- rel
KAPOWSIN
.
tively good success.
To date, coho (top left) are the predominate spe- sp
cies in the creek. Recovered CWT data has shown
CREEK 10.0600 that many of the coho spawning in Kapowsin are

fish that were released a couple of years earlier as
juveniles from the upper Puyallup acclimation
ponds (Cowskull and Rushingwater), or are des-
cendants of the net-penpen acclimation project in Ka-K
powsin Lake. From 1993 to 1997, the Puyallup
Tribe fisheries staff transported juvenile coho from
WDFW’s Voights Creek hatchery to four net-pensnet
in Kapowsin Lake to acclimate.
limate. Prior to this fish
restoration project, few orr no coho were
wer observed in
Kapowsin or Ohop creeks.
Suitable
uitable spawning gravel is available through-
out the 3.6 mile survey reach of Kapowsin, al- a
though much h of it is sporadic.
sporadic A number of downed
trees within the channel along with several sizable
logjams create complexity throughout the stream.
Cattle and other livestock have been allowed
K
apowsin Creek
Creek is a tannic stream originat- access to the stream channel at approximately RM
ing from the north shore of Lake Kapo
Kapow- 1.7. Homes and outbuilding are frequently present
sin, which sits approximately 3.6 miles u up- within 20 to 40 feet of the banks along the creek
stream from the creeks confluence with the PuyaPuyal- between RM 0.5 and nd RM 2.0. Human-made
Human rock
lup River. Kapowsin Creek supports a host of dam structures; as well as sill logs,
logs span the creek
adult salmon species including; Chinook
Chinook, pink, co- and alter the channel hydrology along this stretch.
ho, steelhead and occasionally a few chum. Chi- During the summer and fall when water levels are
nook have not been observed beyond the top of K Ka- low, these structures often cause upstream migra- migr
powsin Creek where it enters the lake. On the tion issues for adult salmon.
mon. In addition to human-
other hand, coho, and occasionally a few steelhead made obstacles, the creek experiences frequent
move through Kapowsin Lake into Ohop Creek to beaver (Castor canadensis) activity. Beaver dams, dams
spawn. Ohop Creek, which enters the south end of often constructed during the low summer flow,
the lake, is technically considered the continuation regularly occlude the entire creek channel
chan prevent-
of Kapowsin creek. ing upstream migration. Most of the stream has a
Unfortunately, steelhead escapement in KapoKapow- dense riparian zone consisting of fir, fir cedar, alder,
sin is low, however, this drop in escapement is not cottonwood, and salmonberry.
salmonberry
uncommon; winter steelhead stocks in the Puyallup Pierce County completed construction of the new
basin have been declining since 1990. The precipi
precipit- Orville road bridge over the head of Kapowsin
ous decline within just the past few years has Creek in early 2006. In addition, the 2006 flood
created serious con- event destroyed extended portions of the levee along
cern among fisheries Orville Rd. near Kapowsin Creek.Creek Currently, the
managers. Factor(s) lower segment of the creek (RM 0-0.2) 0 is a low gra-
responsible for the dient channel flowing within the open channel mi-
decline in steelhead gration zone of the Puyallup River floodplain, and is
escapement are u un- repeatedly manipulated by mainstem river incur- incu
known, especially sions.
2008 Kapowsin Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
20
LIVE
18 DEAD
REDDS
16
14
NUMBER OBSERVED
12
10
0
8/27/08 9/15/08 9/24/08 10/3/08 10/14/08 10/22/08
DATE SURVEYED
Kapowsin Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993-

(1993-2008)
50 LIVE
DEAD
45
REDDS
40 38 38
36
35
NUMBER OBSERVED
30
30 28
26 26
25
22
21 21
20 20 20
20 19 19
17 17 17
15 15
15
12 12
10 10 10
10 9 9
8 8 8
7 7
5 5
5 4 4 4 4
3
2 2 2 2
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 Kapowsin Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
180
LIVE
DEAD
160
140
120
NUMBER OBSERVED
100
80
60
40
20
0
10/3/08 10/14/08 10/23/08 10/28/08 11/5/08 11/24/08 12/3/08
DATE SURVEYED
Kapowsin Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993-

(1993-2008)
2,500
LIVE
2,023
DEAD
2,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
1,500
1,000
521
498
491
446
446
442
410
368
500
319
210
176
153
138
125
121
115
110
99
77
62
55
46
33
31
29
22
21
18
16
11
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR SURVEYED

2008 Kapowsin Creek Steelhead Spawning Ground Count

10
LIVE
9 DEAD
REDDS
8
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
3/23/09 4/16/09 4/28/09 5/13/09 6/9/09
DATE SURVEYED
Kapowsin Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2009)
20
STEELHEAD REDDS
18
16
14
NUMBER OBSERVED
12
11
10
9
8 8
8
6 6
6
5
4
4
3 3
2
2
1
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED

lup basin in 1997. Coho activity

tivity has been observed
KELLOG as high as RM 1.4, whereas steelhead activity is of-

ten observed as high as RM 2.1. Bull trout utiliza-
o
tion is unknown; however, it is suspected that they
CREEK 10.0621 likely use the creek for foraging purposes.

purposes
Upstream of the culvert, the creek assumes a
moderate to high gradient step-pool
step composition un-
suitable for larger adult spawners such as coho or
steelhead. Steelhead surveys are conducted from
the culvert, downstream to the mouth. From the
culvert at RM 2.5, downstream to RM 1.6, the creek
flows through a moderate gradient step-pool/cascade
step
channel containing patchy gravel. Several sections
of the surrounding banks are comprised of exposed
compacted glacial debris; contributing both fine and
an
small course materials to the stream. Due to timber
harvesting, the
he riparian zone throughout this reach
consists of a thin mature 2nd growth conifer
coni buffer
on both sides. However, there is a significant
amount of wind-throw
throw in the channel associated
K
ellog Creek is a headwater tributary to the
with this insufficient buffer. Steelhead spawning
Puyallup River, entering the Puyal
Puyallup at
activity is occasionally observed in this segment;
approximately RM 39.7. Kellog is a short
however, steelhead
teelhead spawning commonly begins be-
run stream with nearly three miles of accessible ha-
low RM 1.6. At this point, substantial flow from a
bitat; however, the anadromous spawning usage ex-
left bank tributary, and the reduction in gradient,
gradient
tends approximately the first 2 miles of the creek
creek.
create a more conducive spawning environment.
environment
At RM 2.5, Kellog passes through a large fish pa pas-
Below RM 1.5,, the gradient relaxes for the next
sage culvert (installed 2008) running ununder the
mile and excellent spawning gravel is consistently
Mainline 2 Road within the Kapowsin tree farm
available all the way to the confluence with the
currently owned and managed by Hancock (Hancock
Puyallup River. The majority of steelhead spawn-
Timber Resource Group). Kellog Creek flows entir entire-
ing activity is observed within this lower 1.5 miles.
ly within the privately owned Kapowsin tree farm
The RMZ is more intact along
long this lower reach as
where roads and past timber harvestss have nega-
well. In addition to a few substantial debris jams,
jams
tively impacted several portions of the stream.
there are several interactive pieces of LWD present
Kellog provides spawning and nd rearing habitat for
in the stream channel. The gradient
grad increases near
adult; as well as juvenile steelhead and coho. Wild
RM 0.5 as the creek drops down into the Puyallup
steelhead have managed to maintain n a small fo
foo-
River flood plain. A large, structurally complex sec-
se
thold in Kellog Creek over the past several decades
tion of the channel exists just below the PSE flume
due to the fact that the mouth of the ccreek is located
line. This complex was created by historic amounts
downstream of the Electron diversion damdam. Flows
of course materials moved during
duri the 1996 flood
over the past century
tury have often been sufficient dur-
event. Near the mouth of Kellog, the creek initially
ing late winter and spring; thereby allowing stee
steel-
drops into the Puyallup River channel migration
head access to tributaries located downstream of the
zone and may flow for an additional 0.1-0.5 miles
diversion dam at RM 41.7. Naturally returning cco-
before dumping into the active main river channel.
ho were observed in Kellog Creek in 2004. These
Steelhead spawning activity has ha frequently been
were the first natural spawners seen since adult
documented within this section of the creek.
and juvenile coho plants began in the upp
upper Puyal-

Kellog Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2009)
35
STEELHEAD REDDS
31
30
27
25
25
22
NUMBER OBSERVED
20
17
15
13
12 12
10 10 10 10
10
6
5
5
3
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
SEASON SURVEYED
The 2008 redd data is incomplete due to extremely poor survey

survey conditions which prevented a regular full season of surveys.
surveys.
Currently, instead of using the AUC method to determine steelhead escapement, the Puyallup Tribal Fi-
sheries Department and WDFW determine steelhead escapement based on redd counts. Since the mid
1980’s, state biologists have derived steelhead escapement from data obtained through WDFW’s (formally
Washington Department of Game) Snow Creek Research Project (Freymond and Foley 1985). Researchers
placed a weir on Snow Creek, and over several years were able to count the number of steelhead passed
above, as well as the number of redds produced by spawners. A final factor of 0.81 females per redd was
calculated. Furthermore, a ratio of 1 male to 1 female is used when no sex ratio is known; which is the
case throughout the Puyallup/White River system. Therefore, to determine the total escapement for steel-
head, each redd is multiplied by a factor of 1.62 (i.e. 42 redds x 1.62 steelhead per redd = total escapement
of 68 steelhead).

0.3 miles of anadromous usage. Three significant
KLICKITAT unnamed tributaries add flow to Klickitat;

Klickitat unfortu-
nately, they do not contribute any beneficial spawn-
ing or rearing habitat givenen they are located well
CREEK 10.0357 above anadromous barriers.

Lower Klickitat provides exceptional habitat
conditions for bull trout (char) and cutthroat rearing
and spawning. The first 0.3 miles is low gradient,
gradient
with excellent spawning gravel and significant
amounts of in-channel LWD. Numerous pools and
side channels provide excellent habitat
habi for juveniles.
A series of bedrock falls and cascades at RM 0.3
blocks any further upstream migration. Numerous
surveys have been conducted above the falls; how- ho
ever, no fish or redds have been observed. Klickitat
Creek has been surveyed for bull trout since 1999;
thus far, no salmon or steelhead
teelhead have been observed
spawning in the creek. Bull trout from the mains- main
tem White River are observed spawning in the creek
early in the fall, and juvenile bull trout have been
K
lickitat Creek is a significant right bank observed in the pools and lateral
latera habitat during
headwater tributary to the Whitehite River. these surveys. The few dead ead bull trout observed
The word Klickitat is a native word meamean- during surveys, appear to be pre-spawned
pre mortali-
ing “beyond” or “prairie people”. The creek is exclu- ties due to predation.
sively surveyed for bull trout from late August Klickitat has been identified as a key index
through early October.
ber. The creek is not surveyed stream for bull trout spawning. During the 2002
for other species because, with the exception of through 2007 survey seasons, bull trout floy tagged
steelhead, the creeks 3300’ elevation is lilikely too at the USACE trap ap in Buckley were observed
high for most salmon. In 2007, PTF biologist oob- spawning in the creek. For or three seasons, from
f
served pink salmon in Sunrise Creek ((elev. 2800’) 2005-2007,
2007, PTF biologists conducted extensive bull
which is located just inside the National Park bou boun- trout migration telemetry studies;
stu as well as redd
dary,, approximately 5 mile downstream of Klickitat
Klickitat. surveys along the upper White River and West Fork
This is the highest
hest point on the White River that White River. The study focused heavily on the
adult salmon have been documented by the Puya Puyal- headwater tributaries located within Mt. Rainier
lup Tribe since surveys have been conducted. National Park. Study results showed that the cold
Klickitat Creek is a phenomenal nonglacial high mountain streams ms located within the parkp pro-
stream, originating from Ghost Lake ((elev. 4396’) vide the majority of the critical bull trout spawning
near Cayuse Pass. Klickitat is a north facing habitat within the basin. Two of the bull trout ob- o
stream flowing entirely within Mt. Rainier National served spawning in 2007were were
Park, and is the source of drinking water for the part of the migration teleme- e-
NPS White River compound. Klickitat enters the try study. Both fish had been
White River north of Sunrise road at approximately implanted with radio tags
RM 67.9. The creek is surrounded by old growth and released near Greenwa-
and the water temperature is temperedpered by cold clear ter (RM 45) in late June, and
water year round (three year average summer te tem- were observed spawning to-
perature from 2006-2008 was 6.56 oC [range 3.8-8.5 gether in September just be-
oC]). The low the falls. Bull Trout
he only drawback being, there is only about
2008 Klickitat Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
16 LIVE
DEAD
14 REDDS
12
10
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
8/29/08 9/9/08 9/19/08 9/26/08 10/7/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Klickitat Creek can be found in Appendix D.
Klickitat Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2000-

(2000-2008)
30
LIVE
DEAD
25 REDDS
21
20
18
NUMBER OBSERVED
17
16
15 14
12
11
10
10 9
7 7
6
5 5
5 4 4 4
3
2
1
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Klickitat Creek Bull Trout Run Timing (2001-

(2001-2008)
16 2008
2007
14 2006
2005
12 2004
NUMBER OF BULL TROUT OBSERVED
2003
10 2002
2001
0
Sept 1-5 Sept 6-10 Sept 11-15 Sept 16-20 Sept 21-25 Sept 26-31
DATE
2008 Klickitat Creek Water Temperature (August 29 – October 10)

10)
Average: 6.56
Max: 8.5
Min: 3.8

cobble; yet, good quality patches of spawning gra-
LE DOUT vels are available (lower left)

consists mostly
t). The channel habitat
ly of low gradient pools and riffles.
rif
The creek contains
tains a substantial proportion of small
CREEK 10.0620 and medium size woody debris, and the surrounding
riparian zone consists mostly of alder and Douglas
Doug
fir. Logging activities occurred along the lower
reach of Le Dout in the past; however, there is cur-
cu
rently a good RMZ along the majority of the lower
spawning reach of the creek. A split in the channel
at RM 0.45 often
prevents adult fish
from migrating fur-
ther upstream due
an increase in the
gradient along with
a reduction in flow
(top right). The up-
per reach of the creek is steep with impassable cas-
ca
cades. The 62 Rd. crosses Le Dout Creek approx-
L
e Dout Creek is a small tributary to the U Up-
per Puyallup
yallup River, entering the main
mainstem imately 0.45 miles from its confluence with the
river channel at RM 39.2. This small order Puyallup River.
stream drains a wetland area at just over 1,800 feet, The mouth of Le Dout (lower right)
right is located
and flows northwest for approximately 2.5 miles b be- about 2.6 miles below the Electron diversion dam.
dam
fore meeting the Puyallup. Unfortunately, low flows Given that the creek is downstream of the diversion
(major factor) often prevent adult salmon from a as- dam, and river flows over the past century have of- o
cending past the first 0.45 miles. Le Dout is located ten been high enough during late winter and spring
within the Kapowsin tree farm owned by Hancock to
o prevent the mainstem channel of the Puyallup
(Hancock Timber Resource Group), who purchased River from being drawn dry, wild steelhead have
the property in 2005. Several areas along the upper managed to maintain a minute foothold in Le Dout
reach have undergone several timber er harv
harvests in Creek. Despite generally low escapement numbers,
the past. Le Dout Creek supports an exceptionally steelhead surveys in Le Dout are conducted annual-
limited number of coho and steelhead spawners. ly by the Puyallup Tribe. Winter
inter steelhead stocks
The creek is often too shallow in late summer to a al- in the Puyallup basin have experienced a dramatic
low Chinook access to spawn and bull trout utiliz
utiliza- decline since 1990 (ESA listed in 2007). The preci-
tion is unknown
unknown. pitous decline within just
Le Dout is a stream the past few years has
complexi- created serious concern
with moderate complex
ty, and habitat that is among fisheries manag-
well suited for coho and ers. Factor(s) responsible
steelhead adult for the decline in steel-
juveniles. head survival are un-
ers, as well as juveniles
To a large extent the known, especially when
substrate present other salmon species are
out Le Dout con- experiencing relatively
throughout
sists of small and large good success.

LeDout Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2009)
12
STEELHEAD REDDS
10
10
8 8
8
NUMBER OBSERVED
4
4
3 3 3
2 2 2 2
2
1 1 1 1
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
SEASON SURVEYED

gists conducted extensive bull trout migration tele-
LODI metry studies and redd surveys along the upper

White River and West Fork White River; River focusing
heavily on the headwaters located within Mt. Raini- Rain
CREEK 10.0227
10.0227
er National Park. The study results showed that
the cold high mountain streams located within the
National Park,, including Lodi, provide the majority
This photo was taken from Berkeley Park
near 6,000’ looking north. The peak to the lef
leftt
of the critical bull trout
rout spawning habitat in the ba- b
is Skyscraper Mountain, and to the right is sin. In addition, bull
ull trout spawning was less con-
the Mt. Freemont Ridge.
Ridge.
sistent and frequent in this tributary compared to
that observed in several significant
signi headwater tri-
butaries located along the White River. River
During the 2007 season, several bull trout redds
were documented in Lodi from mid-to-late
mid Septem-
ber. During the 2008 season, no bull trout spawn-
ing activity was observed. The he only bull trout ob-
served spawning during 2006 was part of the migra-
tion telemetry study. This bull trout had been im- i
planted with radio a tag and released near Green- Gree
water (RM 45) in early June, and was observed
headwa- spawning in the creek on September 8 .
th
L
odi Creek is a significant right bank headw
ter tributary to the West Fork White River. Characteristic of many headwater tributaries,
tributaries
The name Lodi apparently originated from the lower reach of the creek is a low gradient chan-
early mineral prospectors in the region. This high nel flowing within the open channel migration zone
mountain stream flows northwest through a steep of the West Fork White River floodplain, and is re-
glacial valley,
alley, bordered by Skyscraper Mountain to peatedly manipulated by
the west and the Mount Fremont ridge idgeline running mainstem river incursions.
along the east (top left). Lodi flows entirely within There is little significant
Mt. Rainier National Park (NPS stream designation LWD present in this portion tion
#f09-00a), the creek is non-glacial
glacial in origin
origin; rather, of the channel and the high
its sources are derived from snowpack accumu accumula- solar exposure results in sig- g-
tions within Berkeley Park, located att 6,400+ feet of nificant algae mats accumu-
elevation (top left); as well as other surrounding lating over the substrate
surface and groundwater sources. Berkeley Park is (right). Although spawning
nestled into the northern slopes of the Burroughs does occur within n this small
Mountain Range. Lodi Creek flows for just over 4 stretch, it can be limited due the lack of quality
miles from its headwaters before entering the White spawning substrate created by the alluvial deposits
River at approximately RM 13.7; situating it about (fine sand and silt) from the West Fork White River.
a mile upstream of Van Horn Creek (RM 12.65 12.65). Beyond the open floodplain, the creek enters the fo-
The lower reach of Lodi provides excellent habi- rested lower slope of the valley floor as it parallels
tat conditions for bull trout rearing and spawning spawning. the West Fork White River channel.
channel From this
Various surveys have verified both resident and point, the creek assumes a pool-riffle
pool configuration
fluvial bull trout utilization within this stream. for approximately the next 0.8 miles before climbing
However, the creeks 3400’ 00’ elevation is likely too its way up the steep valley wall; an impassable falls
high for Chinook,, coho and pink salmon. PTF sur- prevent any further upstream
stream migration.
migration The fo-
veys the creek for bull trout spawning during the rested reach provides quality spawning and rearing
month of September. From 2005-2007, 2007, PTF biol biolo- opportunities.

along with stable log jams have created remarkable
MEADOW stream complexity throughout the lower reach of

the creek.
Meadow Creek is unspoiled in many ways and
CREEK 10.0630
10.0630
has incredible potential to be a highly productive
salmon and steelhead stream. Unfortunately, ana-
dromous salmon were unable to access the creek for
nearly a century due to the streams location above
the Electron diversion dam on the Puyallup River.River
With the completion of the Electron fish ladder (@
RM 41.7) in the fall of 2000, anadromous fish pas- pa
sage was restored
estored for the first time since 1904.
1904 Res-
toring anadromous access to the upper Puyallup
River has made approximately 26+ miles of spawn-
ing and rearing habitat above the diversion availa-
ble for several species including Chinook, coho,
pink, steelhead, and bull trout.
trout The creek does;
however, have a resident population of cutthroat
trout. It is also suspected that bull trout may be
present in the creek, since they are known
know to popu-
M
eadow Creek is a tributary to the Mowich late the Mowich River; er; however, bull trout utiliza-
River, entering the Mowich at RM 3.9 tion has not been documented to date.
(lower left). The creek was named by Ba Bai- Due to the lengthy absence of anadromous fish
ley Willis (1857-1949) in 1883. Willis is was a geologi- usage and the poor rate of natural fish reestablish-
reestablis
cal engineer who played an essential role in esta
estab- ment, Meadow Creek is only occasionally surveyed
lishing Mt. Rainier as a national park. Meadow ori- to determine if salmon mon or steelhead are utilizing the
ginates from Eunice Lake (elev. 5353’), deep within stream. Disappointingly, many of the fish en-
Mt. Rainier National Park. With exception of the hancement techniques employed by the Puyallup
Mountain Meadows habitat area below Euni Eunice Tribe such as adult, juvenile,, or fry plants; as well
Lake, thehe creek flows through a high gradient, frfre- as the use of acclimation ponds,
ponds are not possible due
quently confined channel for most of its 4.6 mile to the creeks remote location and lack of vehicle
length. Meadow Creek has one significant tribut
tributa- access. Therefore, one of the Puyallup
Puy Tribe’s short
ry, Hayden
den Creek, at RM 2.5. Pristine spawning term goals continues to be the reintroduction of
and rearing habitat exists within the lower one-mile Chinook and possibly coho via remote site incuba- incub
reach of the creek.. This anadromous reach consists tors (RSI). The obvious need for RSI’s is due to the
of a low to moderate gradient channel,, with a pool- limited accessibility to the creek. Upwards
Up of
riffle character, abundant spawning ing gravel, LWD; 40,000 Chinook and coho could be incubated and
as well as released into the creek annually; however,
howev this has
an intact not been accomplished as of the printing of this re- r
mature port. Currently, no proposals exist for the reestab-
riparian lishing steelhead into Meadow Creek or the Upper
zone along Puyallup system. Yet, the need for action is para- par
the entire mount due to the steeply declining stock of wild
creek. steelhead in the Puyallup Watershed.
Wa Current ef-
Several forts have yet to document any steelhead usage in
pieces of the Mowich River or Meadow Creek.C
LWD

Several pieces of LWD along with stable log jams
MOWICH have created remarkable stream complexity

co
throughout the lower reach of the creek.
Rushingwater Creek originates from the Golden
RIVER 10.0624 Lakes in Mt. Rainier National Park. Rushingwater

flows over 5 miles to its confluence with the Mowich
River at RM 0.6. Most of Rushingwater flows with-
Kapowsin tree farm (Hancock
in the Rainier Timber-Kapowsin
Forest Management) where roads and timber har- ha
vesting have impacted several portions of the
stream. The upper survey reach of the creek is
mostly comprised of pools and glides, with fine and
medium sized substrate. Abundant in-stream
in woo-
dy debris and a moderate to dense canopy cover ex-
tend throughout most of this reach.
The North and South Mowich forks flow though
Mt. Rainier National Park and reach their conver-
gence at RM 7.5 to form the main stem Mowich
M Riv-
er. The upper 4-5 5 miles of the Mowich River consist
of steep and moderate gradients, with a largely cob-
co
ble and boulder substrate. There is little spawning
habitat available, yet some suitable spawning condi-
cond
tions exists in the outlying side channels
ch below RM
7.5. The channel migration zone of the North and
South
uth Mowich are bordered by mature dense conifer
and mixed deciduous forests..
From RM 6.5 to 3.1, the Mowich flows through
The u
upper Mowich
the Snoqualmie National Forest where the river is
River (#1
(#1) comprised of more complex habitat. The gradient
decreases along this reach, resulting in a more pool-
pool
T
he Mowich River converges with the Puyallup riffle character where smaller spawning substrate is
River at RM 42.3, this is approximately 0.6 deposited
eposited and resting pools are available for up-
u
miles above the Electron diversion damdam. The stream migrants. The lower three mile of the river
glacial headwaters of the Mowich River originate flows within the Kapowsin tree farm owned by Han-
from the Edmunds, and the North and South M Mo- cock (Han-
The upper Mowich
wich glaciers on the west slope of Mt. Rainier. SiSig- cock Timber
River (#2)
nificant tributaries to the Mowich include; Crater, Resource
Spray, Meadow, and Rushingwater creeks.reeks. Meadow Group).
originates from Euniceice Lake, deep within Mt. Most of the
Rainier National Park and enters the Mowich at lower three
RM 3.9. The creek flows through a high gradient, miles of the
frequently confined channel for most of its 4.6 mile channel be-
length. Meadow Creek has one significant tributary, comes con-
Hayden Creek, at RM 2.5. However,
wever, the lower mile fined and
of the creek has a low to moderate gradient, with a narrowed
rowed by the steepening valley walls. Fortu-
pool-riffle character, abundant spawning gravel, nately,, much of the channel retains its complexity
LWD, and riparian cover along the entire channel. and spawning opportunities are abundant for both
salmon and steelhead. Juvenile coho have been oob- oxbow reconnections
ons both inter tidal and upland,
served as high as RM 5.0, whereas adult and juvjuve- Commence-
nile bull trout have been documented as high as RM ment Bay
7.5. Of special note is the first documented spaw
spawn- cleanup, and
ing of naturally returning Chinook in the Mowich harvest cut-
River in 97 years. Two females on separate redds backs have
were observed spawning in the lower reach (RM 1.0) already been
on September 7, 2001. initiated.
With the completion of the Electron fish ladder Only the
(RM 41.7) in the fall of 2000, anadromous fish pa
pas- jump-starting
sage was restored for the first time since 1904. of Chinook in Lower Mowich River (#4)
Surplus Chinook and coho salmon from Voights habitat areas devoid
id of fish is left. Acclimation
Creek Hatchery were planted in thee Mowich River, ponds are a proven method in increasing fish num- nu
and Rushingwater Creek for several years in efforts bers on thee spawning grounds. Hatchery rearing
rea
to jump start the Upper Puyallup. One of two a ac- 200,000 Fall Chinook for acclimation ponds in the
climation ponds used for reestablishing coho (up to upper Puyallup River is a key component to restora-
2008) into a 26+ mile reach of the Upper Puyallup tion goals.
River is located just off the main channel of R
Ru-
shingwater Creek at RM 0.6. The pond
holds 14,000 cu. ft. of water with a flow
rate of 1-3 cfs, in the past, 40,000 to
100,000+ coho yearlings were imprinted
and released from Rushingwater annua annual-
ly. Coho yearlings originated from
Voights Creekek Hatchery where they were
adipose clipped and coded wire tagged.
Fish were released at 20 fish per pound,
for a total biomass of 10,000 pounds.
There is also a natural acclimation pond
on the Mowich used for rearing Fall Ch Chi-
nook, located at RM 0.1 (bottom om photo).
The Puyallup Tribe’s restoration goal
is to rebuild depressed Chinook stocks
and remove them from ESA listing. Hi His-
torically, Fall Chinook have been reared
since 1980 with a variety of stocks, goals,
and objectives. Using acclimation ponds,
limiting harvest, and making substantial
gains in habitat restoration, the tribe will
be able
to ac-
c-
complish
this
task.
Levee
set-
Photo #3 backs,
character. The creek contains excellent and frequent
NIESSON spawning gravel,, as well as significant LWD and de-

bris jams throughout the 2.2 mile anadromous
reach.
CREEK 10.0622 Niesson Creek is surveyed consistently for wild

steelhead and spot checked for coho.
coho Steelhead have
been observed spawning as high as RM 2.2 near the
abandoned 22 Rd. Naturally returning coho were w
observed for the first time in 2002. The natural re-r
turns are a result of live adult plantings and juvenile
acclimation projects conducted by the Puyallup Tri-
bal Fisheries Department. Since 1998, the Puyallup
Tribe has been transporting live surplus adult
a coho
from the WDFW’s Voights Creek Hatchery
Hat in Ort-
ing; however, no fish were planted in 2004 or 2007.
Instead, naturally retuning adult coho were allowed
to spawn without intrusion from hatchery planted
coho. Adult surplus Fall Chinook have been planted
in the past, when fish were available and creek flows
allowed; unfortunately,, the creek flow is often too
N
iesson Creek is a tributary to the Upper low to allow naturally returning Chinook access to
Puyallup River. Originating from snowpack the creek in late summer and early fall.
run-off and ground water,, the creek runs Like Kellog and Le Dout creeks,
c the mouth of
northerly for approximately 5.3 miles before meemeet- Niesson Creek is located downstream of the Electron
ing the Puyallup at RM 41.1. Anadromous usage diversion dam.. Flows over the past century have
extents throughout the first 2.2 miles of the ccreek; often been high enough during late winter and
supporting Chinook (planted), coho,, and steelhead. spring to prevent the mainstem channel of the
Beyond RM 2.2, creek climbs steeply along the rre- Puyallup River from being drawn dry. The higher
maining 3.1 miles to its origin at just over 4,000 winter/springg flows have allowed wild steelhead to
feet. Niesson Creek is located within the Kapowsin maintain a
tree farm, owned and managed by Hancock (Han- foothold in
cock Timber Resource Group), who purchased the Niesson
property in 2005. Creek. Un-
The overstory riparian zone consists of mixed co con- fortunately,
ifers and deciduous trees. Continuing timber ha har- escapement
vesting activities have in Niesson
reduced the riparian has decreased
zone to the state rre- significantly
quired minimu
minimum along over the past
several extended seseg- several years. The winter steelhead stocks in the
ments of the lower Puyallup basin have been declining since 1990. The
creek. precipitous decline
ecline within the past several years has
Niesson is a com- created serious concern among fisheries managers.
plex, moderate sized Factor(s) responsible for the decline in steelhead
stream, which varies escapement are unknown, especially
esp when other
between a pool-riffle salmon species are experiencing relatively good suc-su
and forced pool
pool-riffle cess.
Niesson Creek Surplus Adult Coho Plants (1998-

(1998-2008)
900
ADULT COHO
754
800
656
700
600
NUMBER OF COHO PLANTED
500
497
500 376
400
335
300
205
150
200
100
100
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR PLANTED
Niesson Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995

(1995--2009)
60
STEELHEAD REDDS
49 49
50
45
40
37
NUMBER OBSERVED
29
30
27
22 22
20
17
16
15
14 14
9
10
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED
extremely poor survey conditions which prevented a regular full season of surveys.
The 2008 redd data is incomplete due to extremely
ducive to spawning due to a primarily

pri sandy sub-
NO NAME strate; however,

ever, pools and side channels provide ex-
tat for juvenile bull trout (lower left)
cellent habitat
which are often observed in the pools and lateral
CREEK 10.0364 habitat during adult spawning surveys. In addition,

this reach of the creek is highly subjected
su to the
possibility of redd scouring or heavy silt deposition
due to the influence
fluence of the mainstem White River.
The next 0.12
.12 miles flows through the edge of the
forested area along
ong the White River channel. At
this point the channel gradient increases slightly, as
do the adult spawning opportunities. Although the
substrate throughout this section is somewhat
sandy,, several pockets of suitable spawning gravel
exist. Stream complexity increases due to some
small debris jams and limited LWD (top left). The
surrounding riparian consists of o primarily alder
with some small to moderate sized Douglas fir and
cedar; even so,, solar exposure is still high through
this portion of the creek.
The final quarter mile of anadromous usage con- co
N
O Name is not the officially designated
name for this stream, but it’ss commonly retains the best habitat. The channel contains several
ferred to as No Name Creek by PTF staff pieces of LWD and spawning gravels, in addition to
(NPS designation W14-00a). No Name is a small a heavy riparian zone consisting of fir and cedar. At
south facing left bank headwater tributary of the approximately RM 0.71 .71 the creek turns sharply and
White River;; at nearly 3.5 miles in length
length, only the rapidly climbs up the valley wall.
wall At this point the
first 0.7 miles offers exceptional
xceptional habitat conditions stream quickly develops into a series of impassable
for bull trout (char) rearing and spawning
spawning. No cascades preventing any further upstream migra-migr
Name is surveyed for bull trout from late August tion. Bull trout have been observed spawning
spaw in the
through early October; unfortunately,
nfortunately, the creeks creek from late August through September.
September
3300’ elevation is likely too high for Chinook
Chinook, coho In 2006 and 2007, PTF biologist
biolo conducted ex-
and pink salmon. No Name Creek, like Klickitat tensive bull trout radio telemetry and redd surveys
Creek, is pristine in many ways.ys. Originating along along the upper White River; focusing heavily on
the slopes of the Sourdough Mountains near Sunrise the headwaters located within Mt. Rainier National
Park, the creek flows entirely within Mt. Rainier Park. During Spawning bull trout
National Park. No Name Creek enters the White the 2007 sea-
River north of Sunrise Park Road at approximately son, several
RM 68.1. bull trout were
The first 0.34 miles of the creek is lo
low gradient observed
and flows within the channel migration zone of the spawning in No
White Name Creek
River. from early to
The habi- late September.
tat within One of the bull trout observed
served spawning in the creek
this sec- was part of the migrationtion telemetry study. This
tion is the bull trout had been implanted
planted with radio a tag and
Juvenile bull trout least con- released near Greenwater (RM 45) in late June, and
was observed spawning in late September (right).
2008 No Name Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
10 LIVE
DEAD
9
REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
8/29/08 9/9/08 9/19/08 9/26/08 10/7/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for No Name Creek can be found in Appendix D.
No Name Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2005-

(2005-2008)
20
LIVE
18 DEAD
REDDS
16
14
13
12
NUMBER OBSERVED
12
11
10
9
8
8
6
5
4
4
2
1 1
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 No Name Creek Water Temperature (August 28 – October 14)
Average: 6.36
Max: 9.2
Min: 2.7

debris (bottom left). The
OHOP channel meanders

through a forest of cedar,
fir, alder and maple that
CREEK 10.0600 is fairly dense along

much of the lower reach
(RM 6.5 to 8). Several
side channels branch off
along this reach, offering
additional spawning and
rearing habitat. High
water events often rees-
tablish some significantly long complex side chan-
cha
nels located above RM 0.4. These side channels are
often utilized by coho. Cattle occasionally have
access to the creek, but they have had minor impact.
The upper reaches of Ohop Creek extend
ex well
into the Kapowsin tree farm owned by Hancock
(Hancock Timber Resource Group), who purchased
the property in 2005. Logging
ogging roads and timber
O
hop Creek is the main feeder st stream to Lake harvesting have impacted several portions of the
Kapowsin; not ot to be mistaken for the OhOhop stream including;
cluding; sedimentary inputs, windthrow,
Creek which is a tributary to the NisNisqually. increased solar exposure, as well as confinement
Ohop Creek is considered a continuation of Kapow- and constriction of the stream channel. channel
sin Creek; therefore, it shares the same WRIA d de- Coho are the only species surveyed for on a con-
co
signation (10.0600). Continuing for nearly 8.5 miles sistent basis. Adult coho oho escapement has dropped
beyond Lake Kapowsin, the creek currently su sup- precipitously in Ohop Creek; as well as Kapowsin
ports primarily coho (top left photo). In addition to Creek over the last several years despite the 5 year
coho, the creek likely continues to support a limited coho net-pen pen project employed in Lake Kapowsin by
number of steelhead as well. the Puyallup
allup Tribe during the 90’s, in addition to
The lower 0.2 miles of Ohop Creek flows through the surplus adult plants from Voights Creek. Steel-
a narrow and incised wetland boundary at the south head surveys have been reduced educed to periodic spot
end of Lake Kapowsin. This initial stretch is non- checks during the spring since none have been ob- o
conductive to spawning and is heavily vegetated served for several years. However, it’s likely that a
(mostly reed canary grass [Phalarisris arundinacea
arundinacea]), small number of steelhead may continue to spawn
and is commonly the site of recurrent beaver (Cas- in the creek above the survey area since they are
tor canadensis) activity. From RM 6.5 to RM 7.0, observed consistently in Kapowsin
Kapows Creek.
the creek assumes a low gradient pool
pool-riffle struc- The winter steelhead stocks in the Puyallup ba- b
ture
ture; contain- sin have been declining since 1990. The precipitous
ing excellent decline within just the past few years has created
spawning gr gra- serious concern among fisheries managers. Fac- Fa
vel, as well as tor(s) responsible for the decline in steelhead es-
several deep capement are unknown, especially when other sal- sa
pools and mon species are experiencing relatively good suc-su
moderate cess. Although documented in Kapowsin Creek,
amounts of inin- Chinook, chum and pink salmon have not been ob- o
stream woody served in Ohop.
Ohop Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2008)
600
537
LIVE
488
500 DEAD
400
NUMBER OBSERVED
314
295
300
200
141
100
76
100
71
61
54
39
39
34
32
31
27
25
24
19
18
15
13
6
4
2
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR SURVEYED
An additional 492 adult surplus coho from Voights Creek hatchery were planted in the North Fork of Ohop (approximately 3 miles
upstream of survey area) in 2002 and 399 surplus adults were planted in 2008.

downtown Auburn. The blockage forced the river to
PUYALLUP avulse and find a new channel. This newly created

diversion sent nearly the entire White River flow
down through the Stuck River channel into the
RIVER 10.0021
10.0021
Puyallup; more than doubling the size of the Puyal-
Puya
lup River drainage. In 1915, a concrete structure
was constructed, thereby permanently diverting the
White River into the Puyallup.
yallup.
The Puyallup River continues to flow west from
its confluence with the White until it reaches Com-
Co
mencement Bay in Tacoma. An extensive system of
levees, approximately 90 miles, was constructed
along the Puyallup, White and Carbon rivers begin-
ning in the early through mid 20th century. There
are a significant number of large tributaries that
feed these mainstem rivers including the Clearwa-
Clearw
ter River, Greenwater River, Mowich River, as well
as Huckleberry and South Prairie creeks.
c
In addition to the White River, the Carbon River is
T
he Puyallup Watershed is identified as WWa- also key tributary of the Puyallup River, entering
ter Resource Inventory Area 10 (WRIA 10) the Puyallup at RM 17.9; just north of the city of
by the Washington State Department
partment of Orting. The Carbon River and its associated tribu-
trib
Ecology. The Puyallup River Watershed provides taries provide excellent spawning and rearing op- o
over 1,300 linear river miles (RM) of drainage over portunities for salmon, steelhead, and bull trout. In
an area greater than 1,000 square miles. The three the past, steelhead have been documented as high
major river drainages include the
he Puyallup, White, as the Mt. Rainier National Park boundary. How- Ho
and Carbon rivers
ivers which flow almost entirely within ever, the majority of spawning for all species within
Pierce County and part of South King County. All this drainage, with the exception of bull trout, oc-
o
three river systems originate from
om glaciers along the curs in South Prairie
airie Creek and the lower 11 miles
north and west slopes of Mt. Rainier, located entir
entire- of the mainstem Carbon.
ly within Mt. Rainier National Park. The Carbon The mean annual flow of the Puyallup River over
and White rivers converge with the Puyallup River the first 86 year gauged history was 2,922 cfs. The
at RM 17.8 and RM 10.4 respectively. largest flood of record was 57,000 cfs and occurred
The White River is a significant tributa
tributary, with in December 1933. The he majority of the large flood
a drainage area nearly twice that of the Puyallup events have occurred in the months of November
River. However, the White and Puyallup drainages and December in response to heavy rains on a sub- su
are often viewed and managed as two distinct and stantial snow pack. The minimum low flow defined
separate entities. This management approach is as the 90%-exceedance
exceedance level for the Puyallup was
due in part because prior to 1906, the White River 1,156 cfs. Over the past two decades there has been
did not flow into the Puyallup. Salo and Jagielo a trend of decreasing low flows (Sumioka 2004).
(1983) described that prior to 1906; the majority of The Puyallup River at Puyallup flow gage
the White River flowed north towards Elliot Bay. (#12101500) was activated in 1915 and is located at
Yet, some of the water from the White often flowed RM 6.6.
south to the Puyallup through the Stuck River The systems glacial origin is responsible for the
channel.
el. In November of 1906, a flood event mob
mobi- turbid conditions that are most noticeable during
duri
lized a tremendous amount of wood debris that warmer weather in late spring and summer. The
blocked the north flowing channel in what is now White, Carbon, and Puyallup rivers
r carry a tre-
mendous volume of bed load material which contr contri- mainstem river. The
butes to the dynamic nature of the system. The reclaimed habitat was
high sediment loads are responsible for the braided lost during the con-
channel morphology
hology characteristic of broad valley struction of the lower
segments. This condition is most prevalent in the river levee system in
upper reaches within and immediately outside the the early 1900’s. In
National Park boundaries. response to the loss of
Outside the Park boundaries, the rivers course nearly an entire estua-
through industrial forestlands including national rine ecosystem that
forest but primarily private timber company owne owner- once existed, the crea-
ship. Much of these forestlands have been ha har- tion of this critical and
vested at least once and in many cases twice. Lands necessary lower river
in timber production are densely roaded with some environment will pro-
sections approaching six lineal miles p per square vide overwintering, as well as foraging opportuni-
opportun
mile. Roads have contributed to many of their ties for young juvenile salmon. In addition,
add this ha-
trademark problems such as landslides, slope fai fail- bitat will offer the benefits that the estuaries
es once
ures, altered hydrology, culvert and bridge projects provided to out migrating (smolting) salmon during
that can effect upstream migration, and of course the transition from fresh water to salt water.
high levels if sedimentation within effected dr drai- The Puyallup continues
inues to be tightly confined by
nages. levees on both sides with the expected lack of chan-
cha
The lowest section of the Puyallup River, from nel complexity (top right). These levee constraints
the confluence with the White River at RM 10.4 to continue from
rom the White River confluence to approx-
Commencement Bay is confined by levees and the imately RM 25, just south of the town of Orting.
habitat lacks complexity (lower left). The small This reach is similar to the lower Puyallup,
Puyallup but does
amount of suitable gravel present is often co com- support sporadic spawning by chum, Chinook and
pacted and offers little spawning opportunity. steelhead during their
heir respective seasons. Along
Steelhead have been observed spawning just u up- Orville Rd., upstream of Orting, a levee setback
stream from the White River confluence; the lowest project was completed in the summer of 1999. Ap- A
documented proximately 2 miles of new levee was built back
spawning of any from the original levee adding over a hundred acres
spe
species in the to the floodplain in this reach. Several high water
river. In the fall events later, many side channels have formed and
of 2008, the spawning gravel has been retained but only adult
Puyallup Tribe chum use has been documented.
documented In late 2006, a
completed con- 6000 foot levee set-back (below) was completed
struction of one
of its most pr
pre- City of Orting
valent wwa-
tershed re
restora-
The lower Puyallup River (@ I-5)
tion projects to
date. The Sha Levee set-back
Dadx (Frank Albert Road) wetland restoration
project, located on the lowerwer Puyallup River, crea
created
an accessible 12-acre off-channel
channel wetland habitat for
salmonids and other freshwater resident fish. The
project was instrumental
strumental in reestablishing an old
disconnected oxbow and low lying wetland to the
up
upstream of the
Ca
Calistoga
Brid
ridge in the
town of Or
Orting.
This new set
set-
back added over
55 acres to the
floodplain with-
Diversion Dam, headworks, and fish ladder on the Upper
in this reach. Puyallup River.
From RM 25.5 to 30.8 the channel is only partia
partial-
ly contained by levees and there are several access
accessi- ing in the Puyallup
lup River occur within this reach.
ble side channels. There is little spawning activity With the completion of the Electron fish ladder (RM
within this reach due to the higher gradient and rre- 41.7-top right) in the fall of 2000, anadromous fish
sulting increase in average substrate size. Up- passage was restored for the first time since 1904.
stream from Puget Sound Energy’s Electron powe power- There are approximately 26+ miles of usable habitat
house at RM above the diversion and surveys are conducted occa- occ
30.8 (top left) sionally in response to the Puyallup Tribes live sur-su
the river flows plus hauls each fall.
through a deep, he Mowich River converges with the Puyallup
The
narrow canyon River at RM 42.3; this is approximately 0.5 miles
center left pho- above the Electron diversion dam.
(center dam The glacial
to). There are headwaters of the Mowich River originate from the
many small ve ver- Edmunds, and the North and South Mowich glaci- glac
tical drops and ers on the west slope of Mt. Rainier. Significant tri-tr
bedrock ca
cas- butaries to the Mowich include; Crater, Spray,
cades within Meadow and Rushingwater creeks. c Species docu-
this 6 mile ca
can- mented utilizing this basin include Chinook, coho,
yon, all of which steelhead/rainbow trout,, cutthroat trout,
trout and bull
are passable to trout.
salmon and
Puyallup River Gorge steelhead.
There are frequent spawning opportunities in the
tail-outs
outs of the many deep pools located within this
upper river reach.
From the top
of the canyon
canyon, to
the diversion dam
at RM 41.7, the
river is moderat
moderate-
ly confined and
provides several
high quality
spawning oppo
oppor-
tunities (lower
left). The high-
est densities of
steelhead spaw
spawn-
North Fork Puyallup River Surplus Adult Chinook and Coho Plants (2004-
(2004-2008)
1,400
CHINOOK
COHO
1,112
1,200
930
1,000
800
618
529
600 502
382
400
310
240
200
12
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR PLANTED

The rotary screw-trap used sed in this study consists of

PUYALLUP RIVER JUVENILE a rotary cone suspended within a steel structure on
SALMONID PRODUCTION top of twin, 30-foot
foot pontoons. The opening of the
rotary cone is 5 feet in diameter, allowing for a
ASSESSMENT PROJECT 2007
Written by:
sampling depth of 2.5 feet. The cone and livebox as- a
sembly are attached to a steel frame and may be
Andrew Berger & Justin Paul
raised or lowered by hand winches located at the
front and rear of the assembly.
Two five-ton bow-mounted
mounted anchor winches with
3/8’’ steel cables were used to secure and adjust the
direction of the trap and keep it in the thalweg.
th The
cables were secured to trees on opposite banks. An
additional rear cable was secured to a tree on the
right bank along with an aluminum “stiff-arm”
“stiff to
further stabilize the trap. Four 55-gallon
55 containers
filled with water were secured on the deck at the
rear of the trap to compensate for the generation of
force at the front of the trap during operation.
The 5-ft
ft diameter rotary screw trap was installed
in the lower Puyallup River (RM ( 10.6) just above
the confluence with the White River. Trap opera- oper
tion began on February 24 and continued 24 hours
th
a day, seven days a week until August 8th. The trap
T
he Puyallup River Juvenile Salmonid Pro-
was checked for fish twice a day at dawn and dusk.
duction Assessment Project began in 2000.
In some instances, the trap was checked
ch plus or mi-
The
he Puyallup Tribal Fisheries Department
nus two hours of dusk or dawn due to the availabili-
availabil
started the project to estimate juvenile production of
ty of personnel. During hatchery releases and high
native salmonids, with an emphasis on natural Fall
flow events, personnel remained onsite through the
Chinook salmon production and survival of hatchery
night to clear the trap of debris and to keep fish
and acclimation pond Chinook.. Since 2000, an E. G.
from overcrowding.
Solutions’ 5-ft
ft diameter rotary screw trap located on
Revolutions
ons per minute (rpm), water tempera-
temper
the lower Puyallup at RM 10.6, just upstream of the
ture, secchi depth (cm),
cm), turbidity (NTU), weather
confluence with the White River, has been used to
conditions, and stream flow (cfs) were described for
estimate juvenile production.
each completed trap check. A cross sectional area of
As more data becomes available, juvenile produ
produc-
the river at the smolt trap was taken to monitor
tion estimates may provide baseline information a al-
channel morphology gy at the site.
lowing managers to meet escapement objectives in
the watershed create a production potential
potential-based
Goals and Objectives
management strategy and accurately forecast future
The goal of this project is to report production esti-
est
returns of hatchery and naturally produce
produced adults.
mates, characterize juvenile migration timing, de-d
In addition, a basin spawner/recruit analysis will
scribe length distribution for all wild salmonid, out-
out
indicate stock productivity, helping to determine the
migrants and fulfill the objectives of the Puyallup
overall health of the watershed and evaluate the
River Fall Chinook recovery plan.
contribution of enhancement projects.
To reach these goals, this study will produce popula-
popul
tion estimates of out-migrating
migrating smolts, estimate
Trapping Gear and Operations
species specific migration timing, compare natural
versus hatchery production and run timing, analyze
mean fork length of wild smolts and detail species Puyallup Tribal Fisheries Department, or download
composition of the sample population. The objectives it at www.scribd.com.
of this project are to:
Summary of 2008 Results
1. Estimate juvenile production for salmonids * For the 2008 migration season production esti-
in the Puyallup River and determine fresh- mates were completed for Chinook, coho, and chum
water survival for unmarked juvenile Chi- migrants.
nook.
* Natural Chinook production was estimated at

2. Estimate in-river mortality of hatchery and
89,536 unmarked migrants. Out-migrates were
acclimation pond Chinook.
captured between January 31st and August 9th.
3. Investigate physical factors such as, light

(day vs. night), flow and turbidity and their * Chum production was estimated at 593,973 mi-
importance to trap efficiency. grants passing the trap in 2008 from a catch of
13,305 chum fry.
In this report for the 2008 smolt out-migration sea-
son all stated objectives will be met for Chinook * A total of 1,321 unmarked coho smolts were cap-
salmon. Non-target species such as coho, pink, chum tured in the screw trap between January 31st and
and steelhead will be addressed to a lesser extent. June 20th. The production estimate for wild un-
marked coho for the 2008 smolt trap season was
Sampling Procedures 83,608.
Smolts were anesthetized with MS-222 (tricaine
methanesulfonate) for handling purposes and sub- * A total of 251,373 pink smolts were captured in
sequently placed in a recovery bin of river water be-
the screw trap between January 31st and May29th.
fore release back to the river. Juveniles were identi- The production estimate for pink migrants for the
fied as natural or hatchery origin as unmarked or 2008 smolt trap season was 14,936,007.
marked respectively. Fork length (mm) was meas-
ured and recorded for unmarked fish. When possi-
ble, 50 chum, 50 pinks, 50 age1+ coho, 25 age 0+ co- * A total of 189 unmarked steelhead were caught in
ho, 25 age 0+ Chinook, and 25 steelhead were the smolt trap in 2008. No production estimates
measured per day. Scale samples were additionally were completed for steelhead migrants.
taken on all wild steelhead smolts.
Species were separated by size/age class. Coho
were identified as fry, age 0+ (<70mm) or smolts,
age 1+ (>70mm). Chinook smolts were separated by
age 0+ (<150mm) or age 1+ (>150mm). All chum
and pinks were identified as age 0+. Trout fry age
0+ (<60mm) were not differentiated to species.
Hatchery origin fish were identified in three
ways: 1) by visual inspection for adipose fin clips, 2)
with a Northwest Marine Technology “wand” detec-
tor used for coded wire tag detection, and 3) with a
Destron Fearing Portable Transceiver system for
Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tagged fish.
To request a full copy of the 2008 report, contact the

anadromous usage is available above the culvert
RODY under Pioneer Way; however, a 3 foot highhig stone

sh passage above this point (bot-
barrier prevents fish
tom left). Above the stone barrier, additional habi-
hab
CREEK 10.0028 tat is available and could be utilized if the blockage

were removed. During ing the 2006 spawning season,
significant numbers of chum were observed spawn-
ing in the reach upstream
stream of Pioneer Way E. In
sharp contrast to the reach below Pioneer Way E., E
the upper reach of the creek has the only intact ri-
parian zone which consists largely of alder.
Downstream, from Pioneer Way E. to the mouth,
Rody flows through a channel that is best described
as an incised and d straightened drainage ditch (top
left & right). The habitat throughout most of the
lower half mile reach of Rody Creek is remarkably
poor; much of the accessible channel has no suitable
spawning gravel, and the riparian consist more or
less entirely of blackberry, turf grass, and reed ca-
c
nary grass.. The reed canary grass,
grass as well as wa-
R
ody Creek
Creek, a tributary to Clarks Creek
Creek, is
tercress, can be overwhelming during some seasons;
part of the lower Puyallup River drainage
often choking extended lengths of the channel and
system. Rody is approximately 1.6 miles in
trapping
rapping or preventing fish from migrating through.
length; however, only the lower 0.6 miles is access
accessi-
In addition, the grass traps and holds large
ble to adult spawners. Rody Creek can be located
amounts of fine materials,
just northeast of downtown Puyallup where the
consequently covering the
creek passes under Pioneer Way E. through a an un-
spawning substrate. The
dersized, yet generally fish passable culvert at RM
channel generally becomes
0.5. Rody has numerous deficits including
including, but not
surveyable after the first
limited to; a confined and straightened channel, in-
freshet of the season. How-
termittent or complete fish barriers, no offoff-channel
ever, chum salmon are regu-
habitat, flooding and channel erosion, absent or d de-
larly observed spawning in
ficient riparian cover,, and the infestation of reed
the stream when the chan-
canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea).
nel clears. Several chum
Rody Creek does however offer some suitable ha-
spawn each season in a section of available habitat
bitat for coho and chum spawners, as well as over-
just below Pioneer. An extremely high water event
wintering juvenile coho. Adult fluvial bull trout a are
in the January of 2006 redistributed
redistr a large quanti-
known to forage in the smaller tributaries of the
ty
y of gravel throughout the channel for approx-
appro
lower Puyallup; yet bull trout utilization in Rody is
imately 300 feet below Pioneer Way.Way A half mile
currently u un-
downstream of culver passage underu Pioneer, Rody
known
known. Insuffi-
Creek passes under 66 and dumps into Clarks
th
cient flows prevent
Creek, a tributary of the Puyallup
Puya River. A future
Chinook
nook from ac-
restoration project is currently being engineered
cessing the creek
(Pierce County) for the section of creek running
in late summer.
from just above, to just below Pioneer.
Pi Construction
Approximately
is scheduled to begin in 2010.
300-400
400 feet of

2008 Rody Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
10
LIVE
9 DEAD
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 12/31/08 1/15/09
DATE SURVEYED
Rody Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2008)
500
441 LIVE
450
DEAD
400
350
326
NUMBER OBSERVED
300
250
200
155
150
94
100 81
73
39 43
50 31 32 27
20 19 14
4 8 1
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

(1999-2007), 40,000 to 100,000+ coho yearlings

yearl were
RUSHINGWATER imprinted and released from
ly. Coho yearlings originated
m Rushingwater annual-
annua
d from Voights Creek
CREEK 10.0625 Hatchery where coho were

coded wire tagged. Fish were
e adipose clipped
clippe and
re released at 20 fish per
pound, for a total biomass of 10,000 pounds. In ad- a
dition to the acclimation of juvenile coho and Chi-
nook,, adult surplus coho and Chinook from Voights
Creek Hatchery
tchery have been planted in Rushingwater
Ru
(1997-2008). However, no adult fish were planted in
2004.. Instead, the first naturally retuning adult
coho were allowed to spawn without intrusion from
hatchery planted coho. Future live plants may be
reduced or eliminated based on the number of natu- nat
rally returning spawners.
Dividing this stream into four reaches, the lowest
reach covers the first mile of the creek.
creek This initial
reach consists of a complex riffle-pool
rif system (top
left) with considerably large substrate; consisting of
R
ushingwater Creek originates from the Up- large gravel, cobble and boulders. Several
per and Lower Golden Lakes located in Mt. windblown trees,, the result of poor RMZ manage-
manag
Rainier National Park. Rushingwater flows ment, span the channel the length of this stretch.
stretch
over 5 miles from the lower lake to its confluence Abundant in-stream
stream woody debris and a moderate
with the Mowich River at RM 0.6. Approx
Approximately to dense canopy cover extend through most of this
the first 2 miles of the creek are anadromous. reach. Beaver (Castor canadensis) activity is fre-
Downstream of the NPS boundary the creek flows quent throughout the upper portion. Beyond this,
through the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest in reach 2, the creek climbs nearly 1,000 1 feet over
before reaching private timber property
property. The lower the next 2 miles.. An impassable cascade is located
reach of Rushingwater flows within the Kapowsin within this reach preventing
ting any further upstream
tree farm owned and managed by Hancock (Han- migration.
cock Timber Resource Group), who purchased the The 3rd
property in 2005. Logging
ogging roads and timber har- reach harbors
stream, specif- significantly
vesting have impacted sections of the stream
ically windthrow located along the lower reach. R Ru- different ha-
shingwaterr supports adult and juvenile Chinook bitat. For
(planted) and coho (planted and NOR). Steelhead roughly the
and bull trout utilization is unknown. However, next mile the
bull trout utilization is assumed,, to some degree, creek as-
since they are well documented in the Mowich. sumes a pla-
Surveys for steelhead conducted in 2009 did not rre- cid flow and contains excellent spawning habitat, as
veal any spawning activity. well as considerable amountss of beaver activity and
One of two acclimation ponds used for reestab- LWD structures (lower right). This reach is one of
lishing coho, and occasionally Chinook (spring & the sites
tes where adult surplus coho were planted
fall), into a 30-mile
mile reach of the Upper Puyallup (1997-2008). The final reach of Rushingwater once
River is located just off the main channel of RRu- again climbs swiftly (2,000 feet) over the next 1.6
shingwater at RM 0.6. The pond holds 14,000 cu. ft. miles to the outlet of Golden Lake at 4,500 feet.
of water with a flow rate of 1-3 cfs; in past years
Rushingwater Creek Surplus Adult Coho Plants (1997-

(1997-2008)
800
745
ADULT COHO
700
600
549
548
500
400
339
265
300
251
250
230
225
200
100
100
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
YEAR PLANTED
Rushingwater Creek Juvenile Coho and Chinook Acclimation Pond Plants (1998-
(1998-2009)
180,000
COHO
149,970
160,000 FALL CHINOOK
133,486
SPRING CHINOOK
140,000
104,500
101,400
NUMBER OF CHINOOK PLANTED
100,450
100,350
120,000
84,000
100,000
80,000
60,100
55,053
60,000
39,935
38,093
40,000
20,000
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED

adequate sized spawning gravel, principally
SALMON throughout the lower section of the creek, are avail-

able. Most of the spawning habitat within the
creek, although quite limited, exists in the lower 0.5
CREEK 10.0035 miles of the creek. It’s likely that a great deal of the
gravel present throughout the lower reach is re-
cruited from Salmon Tributary. Fish do ascend
a
above the first half mile despite
pite the fact that spawn-
ing opportunities are few and the habitat is consi-
derably poorer in quality. In response to the limited
spawning habitat available,, several of the salmon
observed in Salmon Creek are likely to be ascending
to the spring fed tributary,
ry, Salmon Tributary, which
enters Salmon Creek at RM 0.5 on the right bank.
The consistent flow into Salmon Creek from this pe-
rennial tributary contributes greatly to the accessi-
bility of Chinook during the late summer and early
fall when instream flows in many streams are too
low for Chinook to enter.
Salmon Creek supports adult Chinook, pink, co-
S
almon Creek,
Creek, also known as Strawberry ho, and chum spawners; with chum being the most
Creek, flows just north of downtown Sumner. abundant species ies present. Coho are observed
The creek channel is narrow and incised (top spawning; however, their numbers continue to be
photo), especially along the lower 0.5 miles. Most of low. Steelhead and bull trout utilization is un- u
the creek flows through moderately developed pr pri- known. Prior to 2005, Salmon Creek was not regu-
vate and commercial properties before entering the larly surveyed for Chinook since they were seldom
White River at RM 2.1. In 2004, the City of Sumner observed. However, throughout the previous 10
completed a large wetland restoration project adj adja- years, a few chinook carcasses were observed within
cent to the lower reach of Salmon Creek (RM 0.4). the lower 300 feet of the creek while conducting co-
The 11 acre site was the result of a mitigation se set- ho surveys. Chinook surveys conducted since 2005
tlement with Davis Properties and Fred Myers. have documented spawning throughout the lower lowe
Several of the limiting
imiting factors impacting fish 0.5 miles of the
production
tion in Salmon Creek include; a conconfined and creek.
straightened stream channel, disconnected floo flood- A new cul-
plain, channel erosion, absent or deficient riparian vert was in-
cover, as well as low summer and fall seasonal stalled near the
flows. High
igh sediment inputs, industrial discharge
discharge, mouth of Sal-
and lack of channel habitat are additional limiting mon Creek dur-
factors. ing the summer
The riparian along portions
ortions of the creek consist of 2007 (lower
of sparse stands of alder, fir and maple. Unfortu- right photo). The culvert was installed to facilitate
nately, large sections of the stream riparian consist the construction of an access road across the
of nothing other than blackberry, turf grass, and stream channel in order to reach a future indus-
indu
reed canary grass (Phalaris
Phalaris arundinacea) which trial warehouse development on the north side of
provide little or nothing in the way of shade or LWD the creek. During the fall of 2008, the two lower
inputs. The substrate is largely fine sediment, clay, undersized cement culverts that had long been re- r
and undersized gravel; however, limited patches oof sponsible for fish passage issues were removed.
2008 Salmon Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
LIVE
14 DEAD
REDDS
12
10
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
9/11/08 9/19/08 9/29/08 10/8/08 10/17/08
DATE SURVEYED
Salmon Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2005-

(2005-2008)
35
LIVE
DEAD
30
REDDS
25
21
NUMBER OBSERVED
20 20
20
15
13 13 13
11
10
10
7
5
5 4
3
0
2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Salmon Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-

(1998-2008)
30
27 LIVE
25 DEAD
20
NUMBER OBSERVED
15
11
10 9
6 6
5 4 4
3
2 2 2 2 2
1
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 Salmon Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Cround Counts and Run Timing
20
LIVE
18 DEAD
16
14
NUMBER OBSERVED
12
10
0
11/5/08 11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 1/6/09 1/13/09 1/22/09 2/2/09
DATE SURVEYED
(1991--2008)
Salmon Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1991
160
LIVE
138
140
129
DEAD
120
109
100
93
NUMBER OBSERVED
82
78
80
70
68
61
57
60
51
49
48
47
45
44
44
40
31
29
29
28
27
25
23
20
20
19
18
17
14
20
13
12
10
2
2
1
0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

culverts located on
SALMON Salmon Creek have
been responsible for
periodically prevent-
TRIBUTARY 10.0036 ing adult salmon,
primarily chum,
from accessing Sal-
mon Tributary. The
upper culvert
vert on Salmon Creek often created a sig-
si
nificant fish passage problem until late 2007, when
bank erosion permitted the creek to breech the cul-
vert. During the fall of 2008, the two lower under-
sized cement culverts
verts that had long been responsi-
ble for fish passage issues were removed.
r
Beyond RM 0.13, the gradient increases substan-
substa
tially and the channel narrows. The increase in
gradient and flow is by and large an obstacle to
chum, which are the most abundant species to
spawn in the creek. Salmon Tributary regularly
supports a largege run of chum salmon for a stream of
S
almon Tributary is a short run, spring
spring-fed
its size. Unfortunately,, the densities ofo adults dur-
stream entering Salmon Creek (Strawberry
ing some seasons has been too high, and redd supe-sup
Creek) at RM 0.5. Salmon Tributary has a ap-
rimposition was recurrent; especially during and
proximately 0.13 miles (700 feet) of highly produ
produc-
following the peak spawning period. Pre-spawning
Pre
tive spawning habitat. The lower anadromous
predation mortalities
ties of chum is common during
reach consists of a low to moderate gradient channel
most seasons; however, when high spawning densi-
with excellent spawning gavel available throughout
ties are observed, pre-spawned
spawned mortalities due to
its length (lower left & upper right photos
photos). Al-
predation increases (lower right). Chum fry will
though the creek lacks significant structure, it
spend some degree of time rearing in the creek. The
manages quit well to supports adult chum and coho
process of smoltifi-
spawners, as well as providing limited overwinter-
cation occurs
ing opportunities for juvenile coho and Chinook.
quickly and the
Beyond the anadromous reach the creek climbs
chum will migrate
quickly to a point where impassable cascades pre-
towards marine
vent any further upstream migration. The riparian
waters shortly af-
along the lower reach of the creek consists largely of
ter emerging from
alder, as well as a few conifers and holly
holly. A few
the gravel.
pieces of small in-stream
stream woody debris are present;
Coho are often
however, LWD recruitment is limited and under-
observed in the fall spawning in the lower 250 feet
sized
sized. The ripa-
of the creek.. Flows in Salmon Tributary are too low
rian zone along
to provide Chinook or steelhead
head access to spawn, yet
the upper non
non-
Chinook have been observed
served spawning in Salmon
anadromous
Creek at the mouth of Salmon Tributary. Small,
reach is well iin-
low gradient pools at the mouth provide excellent
ex
tact.
act.
habitat for young Chinook and coho; newlyn emerged
In the past,
coho fry are regularly observed
served in late January dur-
two perched
ing the later part of chum surveys.
2008 Salmon Tributary Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
80
LIVE
70 DEAD
60
NUMBER OBSERVED
50
Significant numbers of pre-
pre-
spawned mortalities due to
40 predation were observed.
30
20
10
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 1/6/09 1/13/09 1/22/09 2/2/09
DATE SURVEYED
Salmon Tributary Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993-

(1993-2008)
600
LIVE
481
500 DEAD
456
400
363
346
NUMBER OBSERVED
275
300
255
242
200
142
130
89
76
100
75
70
50
48
4
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

Analogous to many headwater tributaries within
SHAW the park, the lower 300-400 feet of the creek is com-
prised of a narrow, low gradient channel flowing
fl
within the open channel migration zone of the
CREEK 10.0365
10.0365
White River floodplain. There is no significant
LWD present in this portion tion of the channel.
channel Al-
though spawning does occur within this small
stretch, it is acutely limited due the lack of quality
spawning substrate created ed by the fine alluvial de-
d
posits from the White River, and is repeatedly ma-
nipulated and affected
ffected by mainstem
mainste river incur-
sions.
Beyond the open floodplain,lain, Shaw Creek enters
the heavily forested lower slope of the valley floor as
it parallels the White River.. From this thi point, the
creek assumes a pool-riffle
riffle configuration for approx-
appro
imately the next 1.05 miles (top left). Unfortunate-
ly, only about half of this reach provides quality
spawning and rearing ing opportunities. Frequently,
during periods of lower flows, the creek water goes
subsurface approximately 0.5 miles after entering
S
haw Creek is a small right bank headwater
the forested area; creating
ting a provisional yet signifi-
tributary of the White River. This high
cant barrier. Furthermore, if flows are low enough,
mountain drainage is a north facing stream
additional barriers are created throughout the wet- we
flowing through the Shaw Creek Valley, between
ted channel by small jumps in channel height due to
Tamanos Mountain (native Chinook jargon meaning
bedload build-upup behind LWD embedded in the
“Spirit”) to the west and Governors Ridge to the
channel. Fortunately, this wetted channel section
east. Located entirely
irely within Mt. Rainier National
provides excellent habitat for rearing; as well as
Park, the creek is nonglacial in origin; rather, its
spawning when flows are sufficient.
sufficient Spawning gra-
source comes from the Owyhigh Lakess located at
vel is abundant; as are significant logjams and in-
nearly 5,200’. Shaw Creek flows for approximately
channel LWD. In addition, numerous
n deep pools
3.5 miles from Owyhigh Lakes plateau before enter-
and side channels provide excellent habitat for ju- j
ing the White River at approximately
ximately RM 68.8; jjust
venile and adult fish utilizing this creek.
creek
upstream of Klickitat Creek.
The seasonally dry channel reach continues
Shaw provides exceptional habitatitat conditions for
beyond the Sunrise Road Bridge ridge, located at approx-
bull trout rearing and spawning. PTF surveys the
imately RM 1.1. Beyond the bridge crossing, the
creek for bull trout from late August through early
gradient begins to increase significantly
significantl as the
October. During the 2008 season, bull ttrout were
stream channel begins to climb up the valley wall
observed spawning during September.
tember. Although
toward the high lakes. At this point, a series of im-
bull
ull trout spawning is consistent in this tri
tributary, it
passable cascades marks the e permanent upper ex-
does not experience the spawning frequency similar
tent of anadromy. The stream continues to course
to that observed
served in Klickitat or No Name ccreeks.
its way through the steep Shaw Creek Valley until
With
ith the exception of steelhead, the creeks 3400’+
reaching the Owyhigh Lakes plateau. Several small
elevation at the mouth is likely
kely too high for most
unnamed tributaries ries contribute additional flow to
salmon. In the fall of 2007, PTF biologists observed
Shaw along this upper reach;
reach unfortunately, they do
pink salmon in Sunrise Creek which is located iin-
not add any beneficial spawning or rearing habitat
side the National Park and approximately 5.8 miles
given that they are located well above the anadrom-
anadro
downstream of Shaw Creek.
ous barriers.
some low energy gy pocket areas provide

pr what little
SILVER spawning habitat tat is available along the lower creek.

Incredibly, the few spawning habitat
hab areas availa-
ble are utilized
lized each season by bull trout. In 2007,
CREEK 10.0313 the South Puget Sound Salmon Enhancement

E
Group (SPSSEG), with funding from the USFWS
and the USFS, completed the removal of an old di-
version dam suspected of causing a barrier to mi- m
grating salmon and bull trout. The removal of this
aged structure has enhanced access to available
spawning
ing habitat upstream.
Bull trout,
rout, which are often observed spawning
spawn in
Silver Springs, were not surveyed for in Silver
Creek prior to o 2006. However, in 2006 and 2007, a
bull trout migration and spawning ground telemetry
study was conducted by PTF on the White River. In
support of the project, several bull trout captured in
the USACE Buckley trap were implanted with radio
transmitters. The radio tagged fish were then th
tracked over the next 6 months from their release
S
ilver Creek is a right bank headwaters tribu-
site at RM 45 near the community of Greenwater, to
tary of the White River located at RM 60.5,
several spawning sites located
cated in the upper White
just outside of the northern
orthern boundary of Mt.
River including Silver Creek. A tagged bull trout
Rainier National Park. Silver Creek originates
during the 2006 study was observed holding in Sil- Si
along the Crystal Mountain Ridgeidge within the WWe-
ver Creek prior to spawning at a site approximately
natchee
chee National Forest, and flows for over 7 miles
200 feet upstream from the mouth (1 redd observed
through steep mountainous terrain, dropping nearly
in 2006). In addition to 2006, bull trout spawning
3,000 feet from its source until reaching its conflu-
activity was documented along the lower 200 feet of
ence with the White River immediately West of
the creek in 2007 (2 redds observed)
observed and 2008.
Highway 410. Silver Creek has one major tributary;
Although entirely feasible,
feasible steelhead utilization
4.4 mile Goat Creek (10.0314), which en enters on the
is currently unknown since no surveys
sur have been
right bank of Silver Creek
eek 0.2 miles up from its
conducted to determine usage.
usage However, coho, Chi-
mouth (lower left photo). Upstream
pstream of Goat Creek
nook,, pink and sockeye are frequently observed
observe in
there are numerous smaller unnamed tributaries
nearby Silver Springs; yet,, with the exception of an
contributing flow to Silver Creek as well.
occasional coho, PTF biologist have not observed
The surrounding riparian zone consists of some
any other salmon species spawning in Silver Creek.
old growth conifers, and a mixture of younger co con-
Interestingly, Silver Creek is also the final rest-
iferous and deciduous trees. The in-stream
stream habitat
ing place of Henry C. Allen
throughout the lower 0.5 miles of Silver Creek co con-
(lower right), a civil war vet-
sists of mostly
eran, and Purple Heart reci-
moderate to high
pient who fought with the
gradient ca
cas-
16th Wisconsin Infantry,
cades with sha
shal-
then relocated to the region
low and momod-
after the war. He was found
erately deep
frozen in the winter of 1898
scour pools. The
near his trap lines and was
scour pools and
buried on site.
2008 Silver Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts

10 LIVE
DEAD
9 REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
8/29/08 9/10/08 9/18/08 9/25/08 10/2/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Silver Creek can be found in Appendix D.
2008 Silver Creek Water

Water Temperature (August29 -October 11)
Average: 7.1
Max: 9.04
Min: 3.67

White during high-water and flood events. In addi-

SILVER SPRINGS tion, the mouth of Silver
ver Creek has frequently been
relocated a couple of hundred feet due to mainstem
CREEK 10.0332A
10.0332A
river incursions.
Silver Springs is principally a coho stream; how-
ever, several species including Spring Chinook,
sockeye, pink salmon, and bull trout have been do- d
cumented spawning ing in the creek at some period over
the past several seasons. Although steelhead are
present in the upperer watershed, their utilization of
Silver Springs is unknown. With the exception of
coho, the other species documented in the creek
have not been observed spawning on consistent an-
nual basis. A small number of Chinook were ob-
served spawning during the 2001, 2006 and 2007
seasons. Pink salmon were observed spawning in
the creek in 2003, 2005, and 2007; as a well as a
couple of sockeye in 2003, 2004,
2004 2005 and 2007.
Adult salmon spawning in Silver Springs Creek
S
ilver Springs is a short, spring-fed
fed headwa
headwater were previously captured at the USACE fish f trap in
tributary to the White River (RM 60.5). With Buckley, and transported above Mud Mountain
its clear and consistent flow,, this cool spring dam. Since precise escapement numbers are
offers excellent spawning and d rearing habitat for known, surveys are conducted to determine fish dis- di
several species of salmonids. Erupting from a small tribution and spawning success. Silver Springs is
bench along the forest floor within the Silver the second highest point at which adult salmon are
Springs Campground; this spring creek runs adja- observed; several dead pink salmon were observed
ob
cent to Hwy. 410, approximately 0.5 mile north of in Sunrise Creek in 2007. Sunrise is located 2.5
the Mt. Rainier National Park boarder.rder. Silver miles upstream, inside Mt. Rainier National Park,
Springs flows for approximately 0.3 miles within a making it the highest salmon migration point do-
low gradient pool riffle channel. At a point along cumented by PTF staff.
the lower creek, the channel passes through a an un- Bull trout spawning in Silver Springs generally
dersized, yet fish passable culver under the commences in ear-
campgrounds one-way road. ly September
The creek contains a moderate
erate amount of inter- (right photo) short-
active in-stream LWD, in addition to one significant ly before the coho
long-term woody debris jam located in the lower appear. However,
channel. The overstory riparian consists largely of in contrast to sev-
mature conifers, in addition to several hardwoods eral of the other
located near the confluence with the White River headwater tributa-
and Silver Creek. Typical of this type of stream, the ries bull trout are Spawning
pawning bull trout
substrate is made up primarily of sand and small known to spawn in,, bull trout spawning in Silver
Si
gravel. However, several pockets of excellent Springs is somewhat inconsistent.
sistent. It’s conceivable
spawning gravel are present throughout the reach, the creeks proximity to campsites,
campsites as well as two
although it is frequently obscured
scured by fine sand. The foot bridges plus a road crossing,
crossing and the presence
entire channel of Silver Springs runs within the of campers, is disrupting bull trout spawning.
spawning The
floodplain of the WhiteRiver,r, and has on occasion campground is open and activetive through the first
been inundated by silt and woody debris from the week of October;; closing just as coho are arriving.
Silver Springs Bull Trout Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2001-

(2001-2008)
10
LIVE
9
DEAD
REDDS
8
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
5 5
5
4 4
4
3
3
2 2
2
1 1
1
0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Silver Springs Creek can be found in Appendix D.
2008 Silver Springs Water Temperature (September 5-

5-October 1)
Average: 6.47
Max: 6.63
Min: 6.31

miles of additional spawning and rearing habitat, as

SOUTH PRAIRIE well as flow contributions.
From the mouth, upstream
stream to RM 12.6, the
CREEK 10.0429 stream is typically a low to moderate gradient pool-

riffle channel with many deep pools and a few short
low gradient cascades. The lower 8 miles flows
within a broad valley floor and spawning
s opportuni-
ties for all species is abundant throughout. Land
use along thiss section is mainly agricultural and re-r
creational. Chinook spawning occurs primarily
within the lower 8 miles, while ile coho show increased
usage throughout the middle and upper reaches of
the 15 mile anadromous section of the creek.
creek South
Prairie experiences a unique late-run
late of coho, which
often spawn into late February and early March.
Chum regularly utilize the lower 3 miles heavily but
are frequently observed well above RM 10. 10 Steel-
head utilize areas along the entire
en stream below the
barrier falls; however, usage is reduced in the can-
S
outh Prairie Creek is a major tributary of the
yon reach below the falls. The valley walls narrow
Carbon
rbon River, entering the Carbon near RM
significantly above RM 8;; at this point the creek
6, just downstream of the Highway
ighway 162 and
channel becomes
comes more confined and the gradient
Foothills Trail bridge crossings. With a drainage
increases. Spawning and rearing opportunities are
area over 90 mi2, South Prairie Creek is considered
still prevalent here, as is the increase in LWD and
one of the most productive drainages in the Puya
Puyal-
LWD inputs from the surrounding forest.
lup/White River Watershed. The headwaters orig origi-
From RM 12.6 to the falls at RM 15.4,15.4 the chan-
nate along the northwest foothills of Mt. Rainier
nel gradient increases substantially and the creek
within the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie
Snoqualmie National Forest.
channel becomes moderately ately to extremely confined
The mainstem creek flows for over 21.5 miles
miles; cours-
within a steep canyon.
yon. Spawning and rearing op- o
ing its way through or near the communities
munities of Wil-
portunities are severely reduced or non-existent.
non
keson, Burnett, and South Prairie. The creek offers
Spawning gravel is scarce in this upper reach and
critical spawning and rearing habitat for adult and
many heavily scoured bedrock sections exist.
juvenile salmonids including; Chinook
Chinook, pink, coho,
The riparian zone changes dramatically
dram over the
chum and steelhead. Bull trout have been doc docu-
15.4 miles of anadromous stream. The upper can- ca
mented in the creek, but distribution and utilization
yon reach flows through a commercial forest and
is unknown. Limiting factors associated with
streamside vegetation consists of second growth fir
South Prairie include; low summer flows, channel
and alder. Buffer widths along recent harvest areas
confinement and narrowing, bank erosion, discodiscon-
are generally wider than the state regulated
reg mini-
nected floodplain, water quality (303
303 (d) listed for
mum due to steep, potentially unstable slopes
slop along
temperature), areas of deficient riparian cover, and
the canyon. From RM 12.6 to RM 6.0 the riparian
invasive plant species.
zone is relatively intact, consisting of mature hard-
har
The anadromous range extends roughly the first
woods with some fir. Below this point, to the con-
15 miles of the mainstem;; a series of impassable
fluence, significant portions of the banks are ar-
falls near RM 15.4 prevents any further upstream
mored and streamside residential development is
migration. Tributaries including Wilkeson, SpikSpike-
common. Much of the lower 6 miles flows through
ton, Beaver, plus several unnamed tributaries, add
active agricultural
cultural land where alder
a and cottonwood
are the most common streamside tree species.
2008 South Prairie Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Grounds Counts

180 LIVE
DEAD
160 REDDS
140
120
NUMBER OBSERVED
100
80
60
40
20
0
09/04/08 09/12/08 09/22/08 09/23/08 09/29/08 09/30/08 10/09/08 10/16/08 10/22/08
DATE SURVEYED
2008 South Prairie Chinook salmon graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
South Prairie Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1998-

(1998-2008)
1,000
928
LIVE
900
838
DEAD
770
800 REDDS
692
700
NUMBER OBSERVED
600
537
536
527
505
503
478
476
500
389
388
377
369
360
400
326
312
304
289
251
244
300
217
211
163
200
127
117
109
92
81
100
52
51
27
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
2008 South Prairie Chinook salmon graph was generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.

South Prairie Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1992-

(1992-2008)
9,000
7,711
LIVE
7,309
8,000
DEAD
7,000
6,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
5,000
4,231
3,943
4,000
2,986
2,307
2,267
3,000
2,149
2,028
1,428
2,000
1,110
1,032
996
816
785
785
703
647
640
499
1,000
434
390
383
364
363
341
331
305
265
174
88
80
63
44
0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2009 South Prairie Creek Steelhead Spawning Grounds Counts

20
LIVE
18 DEAD
REDDS
16
14
NUMBER OBSERVED
12
10
0
3/10/09 3/19/09 4/24/09 4/27/09 5/4/09 5/5/09 5/22/09 5/27/09 6/4/09 6/11/09 6/25/09
DATE SURVEYED
South Prairie Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

(1999-2009)
250
STEELHEAD REDDS
196
200
187
168
159
NUMBER OBSERVED
146
150
129 129
119
100 93
71
50
32
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED
2009 South Prairie steelhead graphs were generated using survey data collected by WDFW biologists.
cover, and the influx of reed canary grass (Phalaris

SQUALLY arundinacea) and blackberry.
blackberry In addition, there is
some development along the creek; primarily pri- pr
vate residential,
idential, as well as storm run-off
run that is
CREEK 10.0024 channeled into the creek. A large detention pond
built by Pierce County is located on the western tri- tr
butary of upper Squally. The pond was constructed
to address excessive storm run-off
run and sediment is-
sues.
The 0.21
.21 mile anadromous segment has two
short distinct reaches, one below and one above Pio- Pi
neer Way. Downstream of Pioneer Way, the chan- cha
nel is deeply incised with a substrate consisting of
moderately compacted gravel,
gravel clay, and abundant
fines (top& bottom left photos)
photo . This substrate type
is typical of the entire basin; a result of glacial de-
posits and compaction. Natural channel cutting
through this hardened substrate has created a two
foot jump in the channel; prevented chum from as- a
S
qually
ually Creek is a small tributary located cending beyond the lower 200 feet for the past sev- se
within the larger 12.1 mi2 Clear Creek Basin eral seasons. The riparian is sparse
s along the lower
(10.0022). The Clear Creek Basin drains the 300 feet, consisting mainly of a few small alders,
plateaus and flatlands running along the southern blackberry, and reed canary
nary grass.
grass The last 80 feet
valley of the lower Puyallup River, just west of the of the creek runs through a culvert
cul passing under
city of Puyallup. Encompassing an area of nearly 1 the BNSF railroad tracks (lower right)
right , where
square mile, Squally Creek is the smallest of three Squally finally meets with Clear Creek.
Creek Squally is
main tributaries feeding Clear Creek. Squally ori- mainly utilized by chum, although,
altho a few coho are
ginates along the upper valley plateau near 72nd occasionally observed spawning in the lowerlow stretch
Street East and flows north dropping through a of the creek during Decem-
steep narrow canyon along the valley wall
wall. Near ber. Chum frequently
the foot of the valley the creek passes under Pioneer spawn within the culvert
Way and the BNSF rail line before reaching Clear where accumulations of
Creek. gravel can be several inches
.21 miles of the creek
Approximately the first 0.21 deep. No adult Chinook or
provides the only suitable habitat for spawning and steelhead usage has been
rearing;
ing; beyond this the creek begins to climb the documented.
valley wall preventing further upstream migration. Upstream of where the
Several of the fish and creek passes under Pioneer
habitat limiting factors Way, the gradient increases and the less confined
involved
volved with Squally iin- channel quickly becomes braided.
braided Due to the chan-
cluding; channel confine- nel braiding in this reach, the stream depth is often
ment,, intermittent or shallow. However,
ever, there are several pieces of hard-
complete fish barriers, no wood debris present,, as well as moderate quantities
off-channel
channel habitat, com- of suitable spawning gravel. The riparian along this
pacted substrate, flooding section consists mostly of alder.
ald Unfortunately, no
and channel erosion, a ab- spawning activity has been observed in this reach
sent or deficient riparian for several seasons.
heavily on the headwater tributaries located within
SUNRISE Mt. Rainier National Park. The study results

showed that the cold high mountain streams located
within the National Park, including Sunrise, pro-
CREEK 10.0337
10.0337
vide the majority of the critical bull trout spawning
habitat in the basin. In addition, bull trout spawn-
ing has been less consistent and frequent in this tri-
butary compared to that observed in more signifi-
cant headwater tributaries located along the White
River, such as Klickitat Creek (elev. 3300’) located 5
miles upstream. Other species known to utilize the
creek include cutthroat trout,
trout brook trout, and pink
salmon. The brook trout are likely descendents
from fish plants in Hidden and Clover lakes during
the early to mid part of the last century. Pink sal-sa
mon were observed in the creek in 2007. Although
this creek has not been surveyed for coho; it is rea-
re
sonable to assume that coho have or do utilize this
creek since it is located a short distance
dis upstream
from Silver Springs which is consistently exploited
S
unrise Creek is a left bank headwater tribu- by adult spawners. Chinook and steelhead use in
tary to the White River. This mountain Sunrise is unknown.
stream (elev. 2800’) flows northeast
east through The lower reach of the creek (RM 0-0.15) is a low
the steep Sunrise Creek Valley, between the Sour- gradient channel
nel flowing within the White River
dough Mountains to the northwest and Sunrise floodplain, and is repeatedly influenced and affected
af
Ridge along the southeast. Located entirely within by mainstem river incursions.
incursions There are moderate
the boundaries of Mt. Rainier National Park (NPS quantities of LWD present and nd a beneficial riparian
stream designation #W06-00a), the creek is nongla- buffer zone of conifers and mixes deciduous trees
cial in origin; rather, its sources comes from several exists along the majority of the creek (right). Al-
sub-alpine lakes including Clover Lake (elev. 5732’) though spawning g does occur within this small
and Hidden Lake (elev. 5915’); as well as snowpack stretch (depending on mainstem influence), it can be
accumulations within the White River Park region. limited due the lack of quality spawning sp substrate
White River Park is nestled into the eastern slopes created by the alluvial deposits (sand & silt) from
of the Sourdough Mountain Range located in the the White River. Upstream of the floodplain, the
northeastern edge of the park. Sunrise Creek flows creek enters the heavily forested lower slope of the
for 4.5 miles from its headwaters before entering valley floor as it begins to climbs up the valley.
the White River at approximately ely RM 63
63; position- From this point, the creek
ing the mouth of the creek just inside the National assumes a pool-riffle-
Park boarder. cascade configuration up
The lower anadromous reach of Sunrise provides into the steep valley; this
suitable habitat conditionss for bull trout (char) rear- forested reach provides
ing and spawning. PTF has surveyed the creek for quality rearing habitat,
bull trout spawning activity during the month of but no spawning opportun-
September for the past three years. Bull trout ities. An impassable falls
telemetry studies and redd surveys were conducted at approximately RM 0.26
during 2006 and 2007 along the upper White River prevents any further up-
and West Fork White River;; the projects focused stream migration.
to address excessive sediment and gravel movement
SWAN issues.
Although Swan Creek has been surveyed for sev-
eral salmon species including Chinook, coho, chum
CREEK 10.0003 and steelhead; only chum are observed in relatively

abundant numbers (top left). In addition to chum,
limited numbers of coho
are observed spawning
in the creek in Decem-
ber. However, substan-
tial numbers of coho ju-
veniles are often ob-
served in the spring.
Unfortunately, summer
and early fall flows are
too low to allow Chinook
access to the creek. Al-
though bull trout utilization is unknown within
Swan Creek; adult
dult fluvial bull trout are
a known to
forage
orage in the smaller tributaries of the lower Puyal-
Puya
S
wan Creek
Creek is a moderate sized tributary lup. Swan also supports a large population of cutth-
cutt
located within the larger Clear Creek Basin roat trout, which can be observed spawning in the
(10.0022). The Clear Creek Basin drains the spring. Two steelhead redds were observed during
plateaus and flatlands running along the southern the April 2004 survey season. They were the first
valley of the lower Puyallup River, between the cci- steelhead
eelhead redds seen in Swan Creek in several
ties of Puyallup and Tacoma. The head waters of years. However, no steelhead redds have been ob- o
Swan Creek originate just south of Highway 512 512, served since. Other species present in the creek in-
i
and flow just over 6 miles north to meet up with clude catfish, lamprey, and sculpins.
Clear Creek near Pioneer Way E. The Swan Creek From its origins, the creek flows within a narrow
basin drains a moderately developed
eveloped land area of distinct channel for
or approximately 3 miles through
nearly 4 mi2. The land use along the creek is larg
large- the upland plateau south of 72nd Street East. Near
ly rural residential and recreational. The average 72nd, the creek begins to drop into an increasingly
water discharge recorded by the USGS SGS flow gauge narrow valley. The creek passes through a large
(#12102190) for a five year period (1990
(1990-1991, 1995- concrete box culvert under 64th Street E.; then drops
1997) was 4.78 ft3/second. nearly three
Several of the fish and habitat limiting factors feet back into
involved with Swan Creek including; channel co con- the creek
finement, intermittent or complete fish barriers, u un- channel. This
stable substrate, flooding and channel erosion, a ab- jump in eleva-
sent or deficient riparian cover, invasive non
non-native tion is an up-
plants, and water quality (bacteria). In addition, stream bar-
there is some development present along the creek; rier to all spe-
primarily private residential, as well as storm run
run- cies; with the
off that is channeled into the creek. A large dete
deten- exception of
tion pond built by Pierce County is located on the steelhead, which may be able to pass if flows are
lower reach of the creek. The pond was constructed high enough. However, spawning opportunities are

extremely limited and the habitat quality is poor through the 290-acre
acre Swan Creek
Cr Park. The park is
upstream of this point. largely undeveloped with a hiking trail paralleling
Downstream of the culvert, the next 0.2 miles of the creek.
the creek flows though a well defined channel with From RM 0.8 to 0.5, the stream
str is pool-riffle in
little spawning habitat or complexity. Beyond this, character and contains good spawning gravel, ripa- rip
the creek channel takes on more complexity due to rian diversity and channel complexity.
complexi There is also
the placement of sill logs which hold back bed load a noticeable decrease in LWD and woody debris in
and create pool habitat through this narrow valley the channel. Swan Creek is prone to high water
section (previous page-lower right). Unfortunately
Unfortunately, events however, and the substrate is only moderate-
moderat
one of the structures has developed into a likely ly stable. A sediment detentiontion pond is located at
barrier to upstream migration during ing low fflows. RM 0.5 (bottom photo) and is dredged annually or
This narrow valley reach continues for approximat
approximate- biannually by Pierce County. During these events,
ly the next 1.8 miles until the gradient and the va val- fisheries staff from the Puyallup Tribe seines the
ley walls begin to ease around RM 0.8.. The channel pond before dredging to remove the majority of fish
dynamics present, and relocates the fish captured downstream
down
change cons
consi- of the work site. A large
arge wooden wing wall is in
derable place at the head of the pond to direct the creek to- t
through this wards the detention pond.
reach; from a Just downstream of the detention pond, the creek
single well dde- flows through a short narrow channel and under
fined channel Pioneer Way E. Much of the channel is confined by
to braided sec- rip-rap.
rap. The RMZ along this short stretch is ex-
tions. There tremely poor and heavy erosion is occurring along
are several pieces
ces of instream LWD; as well as sev- the left bank. The creek then flows a few hundred
eral smaller pieces of wood and woody debris jams feet before reaching the Haire Wetlands (right).
(center left). Several sections of the banks consist of Some restoration work has been completed in the
actively eroding compacted glacial debris; contribu
contribut- past on the lower reach of the creek. In 2001, a 12- 12
ing fine and small course materials into the stream acre site located just downstream of Pioneer Way
channel. Spawning habitat is available
ailable throughout; was utilized to develop a side channel for overwin-
overwi
yet, the substrate is largely made up of fine sand tering juveniles and as a means of reconnecting
recon
and undersized gravel. The RMZ is well intact Swan Creek to
Haire Wetland
along the valley section; consisting
ing largely of mature the Haire Wet-
Doulas fir, alder, cottonwood and maple. A rapid lands. In addi-
shift in the RMZ occurs around RM 1.5 1.5; at this point tion, the restora-
the surrounding forest consists primarily of a much tion included the
thinner stand of alder, cottonwood
wood and maple. To a removal of inva-
large sive and non-
extent, native plant spe-
the cies, and replant-
lower ing the area with native trees and shrubs. The City
part of of Tacoma financed the Haire Wetlands restoration
Swan site along Clear and Swan creeks
reeks through the Natu-
Creek ral Resource
source Damages Assessment Program
passes (NRDA).
A gravel and sediment detention

pond on Swan Creek is located at
RM 0.5.

2008 Swan Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
50
LIVE
45 DEAD
40
35
NUMBER OBSEREVED
30
25
20
15
10
0
11/17/08 11/25/08 12/3/08 12/12/08 12/22/08 1/15/09
DATE SURVEYED
Swan Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1992-

(1992-2008)
1,492
1,600
LIVE DEAD
1,400
1,196
1,200
NUMBER OBSERVED
928
1,000
792
800
692
600
574
553
600
400
252
222
217
131
113
200
105
104
100
91
84
77
47
41
38
38
20
17
9
7
6
6
0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

enced by mainstem river incursions. Prior to 2006,
SWIFT the first 450 to 600 feet of the stream was a low
gradient channel with good spawning
spawn gravel. How-
ever, the Puyallup
lup River overtook this short reach,
CREEK 10.0697 eliminating nearly all the available

availabl spawning habi-
tat. There was no salmon utilization
utilizat in Swift Creek
for nearly a century due to the streams location
above the Electron diversion dam.dam With the comple-
tion of the Electron fish ladder (@ RM 41.7) in the
fall of 2000, anadromous fish passage was restored
for the first time since 1904.. Restoring anadromous
access to the upper Puyallup River has made ap-
proximately 26+ miles of spawning and rearing ha-
bitat above the diversion available for several spe-
sp
cies including Chinook,, coho, pink, steelhead, and
bull trout.
Swift Creek is not regularly surveyed for spawn-
ing activity, but rather had been the location of an-
nual surplus adult coho plants (1997-2003) from the
WDFW Voights Creek Hatcher located in the city of
S
wift
wift Creek is a right bank tributary to the Orting. Adult plants were started in 1997 as a
Upper Puyallup River. Swift originates from means to reintroduce coho and jump-startjump the upper
the Sunset Park region located along the west reach of the Puyallup. From 1997 to 2003, between
slope of Mt. Rainier National
tional Park. Swift flows ap- 116 and 513 adult coho were planted annually in
proximately 2.8 miles from its origin at 5400’ to its Swift Creek from the 710 rd. bridge which crosses
confluence with the Puyallup River (low(lower right) at the creek
reek approximately 0.3 miles upstream from its
RM 46.8 (elev. 2180’). Downstream of the NPS confluence
ence with the Puyallup. Yet,
Yet the majority of
boundary (RM 2.6) the creek flows through the Mt. the coho planted would fall downstream and spawn
Baker-Snoqualmie
Snoqualmie National Forest before reaching in the lower spawning reach of the creek when it
the Puyallup,, approximately .85 miles downstream existed. The loss oss of this habitat was one of the rea-
from the confluence of the North and South Fork Forks. sons surplus
Swift drops rapidly for the majority of its 2.8 mile plants of co-
run. The greater component of the creek consists of ho were dis-
a moderate to high gradient channel with a cobble continued in
and boulder substrate; as well as moderate amounts Swift. In
of small and large instream woody debris. The ripa- response to
rian zone, which is comprised of mature conifers this loss, co-
and mixed deciduous trees,, is well intact along the ho and Chi-
entire creek corridor nook surplus
Currently, little spawning habitat exi
exists for plants have
adult salmon or steelhead to utilize. What habitat since been transported up to the North Fork of the
is available is present in the lower
er 0.2 miles of the Puyallup and planted from a bridge constructed in
creek. Unfortunately, thehe creek channel climbs 2004. In addition to coho and cutthroat,
cutthroat steelhead
steeply approximately 0.2 miles from its confluence utilization within this stream has also been docu-
with the Puyallup River;; a series of high gradient mented; though currently, bull trout utilization is
cascades prevents further upstreameam migration for unknown.
most species. The lower creek is repeatedly inflinflu-
and habitat limiting

miting factors associated with Voights
VOIGHTS reek include; erosion, flooding, water quality (tem-

Creek
perature), channel
nel confinement,
confinement loss of off channel
habitat and a disconnected
connected flood plain on the lower
CREEK 10.0414 reach, an intermittent

tent fish barrier created by a water
diversion dam (prior to 2009), and water withdrawal
(prior to 2009).
The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
operates a hatchery located at RM 0.5 (lower left);
however, this facility was non-operational
non for much
of 2009 due to significant damage caused by severe
flooding during the January,
uary, 2009 flood event.
WDFW plans to make repairs and have the hatchery
operational again by mid August, 2009. 2009 Prior to this
unfortunate shut down,, the department had con-
ducted a Fall Chinook (entire 2008 brood year lost),
coho, and winter steelhead (program
program terminated
terminate in
2009) program at this location.
location
The WDFW hatchery on Voights Creek has arti-
ficially propagated coho since 1917, having in the
past incorporated fry and smolts from other drai- dra
nages, including Big Soos Creek, Minter Creek,
Garrison Springs, George Adams Creek; as well as
the Skagit and Washougal rivers. ivers. Voights Creek
V
oights
ights Creek is a tributary to the lower Car-
bon River, entering the Carbon at RM 4.0 just produces approximately 800,000, 800,000 100% mass
southeast of the community of Orting
Orting. marked (adipose fin clip) coho pre-smolts annually;
Voights Creek originates along the northwest fo foo- of which, 100,000 to 200,000 are customarily trans-
thills of Mt. Rainier, just west of Martin Peak a and ferred to acclimation ponds in the upper Puyallup
Puyal
north of the Mowich River. The creek flows for near- Watershed. In addition, hatchery rearing 200,000+
ly 20 miles in a northwest direction until it joins the Fall Chinook for acclimation ponds in the upper
Carbon River.. Encompassing a drainage area of nea near- Puyallup River is a key component to restoration
re
ly 23 mi2, the mainstem creek offers nearly 4 miles of goals. The Puyallup Tribe operates several accli-
anadromous usage; in addition, a little spawning and mation ponds in the Puyallup/White River Wa- W
Creek, a small tershed. Acclimation ponds are a proven method for
rearing habitat is available in Coplarr Creek
tributary entering Voights at RM 0.7.. However, Cop- increasing fish numbers on the spawning grounds.
lar Creek is generally only accessible during the iin- Three of the acclimationtion ponds were used for rees-
creased flows associated with late fall and winter tablishing Fall Chinook and coho reared at Voights
snows and rainfall. The anadromous habitat availa- into a 26+ mile reach of the Upper Puyallup River
ble in Voights above Electron Dam (RM 41.7). The Electron diver-
support
supports Chi- sion dam had been an anadromous barrier for 97
nook, coho and years (1904-2000).
nook
steelhead; as In addition to the rearing and acclimation of ju- j
well as occ
occa- veniles, surplus live adult Fall Chinook and coho
sional pink and from the WDFW Voights Creek hatchery were
sion
chum spawners. planted in the upper Puyallup
Puyallu River drainage when
A range of fish surplus fish were available. The Puyallup Tribe has
been hauling surplus adultss from Voights Creek and
planting them in the upper Puyallup Watershed eral spawning op-

since1997. portunities availa-
Puyallup River Fall Chinook are endemic ble below the dam.
throughout the Puyallup River, Carbon River, Lo Low- The gradient
er White River, as well as several of the tributaries throughout this
associated with these mainstem river systems. A lower reach is low;
large component of adult fall Chinook spawners are the substrate size is
hatchery origin from the WDFW Fall Chinook pro- more consistent
gram
ram operated oon than the upper
Voights Creek. In addi- reach, although smaller andnd somewhat compacted.
tion, over the past seve
sever- The extreme high water event of 2009
2 caused the
al operational seseasons, creek channel to avulse just upstream of the diver-
dive
the weir deesigned to pre- sion dam (lower right). The new channel currently
vent fish passage above runs just north of the old channel; then reconnects
the hatchery had proven with the older established
tablished channel
chan just upstream of
to be ineffec
ineffective, there- Hyw162. The new channel provides few spawning
fore, allowing ha hatchery opportunities. Upstream of the diversion dam, the
fish to access the upper channel begins to encounter the influences
influ caused by
3.4 miles of the creek to increasing elevation as it ascends out of the valley
spawn naturally. Voights floor.. The gradient increases slightly; however, the
Creek is currently surveyed for steelhead
head only. channel is no longer confined, allowing the creek to
An impassable falls located at RM 3.9 blocks any branch out creating several braids and significant
further upstream migration (top left). SteeSteelhead are side channels over the next 0.8 miles. The riparian
frequently observed spawning ng throughout the entire throughout this section is well intact and there is a
3.4 mile stretch above the hatchery.. Unfortunately, significant increase in LWD and debris
deb jams.
steelhead escapement in Voights Creek has fallen Near RM 2, the valley walls close in tightly and
considerably over the past decade. Winter inter steelhead the channel is naturally restricted to a defined, mod-
populations in the Puyallup basin have been decli declin- erate sized channel and with narrow gorges (upper
ing for nearly the past two decades.. The steep de- right). The surrounding riparian is primarily a mix of
cline observed in steelhead escapement over the 2nd growth conifer and deciduous trees. Nearly the
past several years has created serious concern entire 2 mile reach, from the diversion to the falls, is
among fisheries managers. Factor(s) responsible for a moderate gradient channel containing excellent,
the decline in steelhead escapement are unknown
unknown. although somewhat sporadic patches of gravel.
gra Sev-
The stream channel varies a great deal in com- eral pieces of LWD and significant log jams are
plexity throughout its length.. The lower mile is co con- present throughout this reach as well. Several large
fined by armored banks and levees, with large se seg- mass wastings (landslides) are present along the hills
ments of significantly deficient riparian cover and and slopes of the upper reach above the gorge; con-
co
negligible instream LWD. Prior to January, 2009; a tributing substantially to LWD and gravel inputs
water diversion downstream.
dam near RM
1.2
.2 intermitten
intermittent-
ly blocked up- New channel
stream migra
migrat-
ing fish during
low flow pperiods. Old channel
For
Fortunately,
there were sev-
(1995--2009)
Voights Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995
60
STEELHEAD REDDS
50 48
44
40
NUMBER OBSERVED
33
30
20 18
16
10
9
10 8
7
4 4
2
1
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED
The 2008 redd data is incomplete due to extremely poor survey conditions and access issues which prevented a regular full season of surveys.
(1998--2009)
Fall Juvenile Coho Salmon Outplants from Voights Creek Hatchery (1998
149,970
COWSKULL ACCLIMATION POND 10.0680
RUSHINGWATER ACCLIMATION POND 10.0625
LAKE KAPOWSIN
104,500
104,500
101,400
100,450
100,350
99,400
96,790
93,000
93,000
84,000
71,980
60,100
55,053
39,935
34,850
21,000
20,100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR PLANTED

structed, thereby permanently diverting

dive the White
WHITE River into the Puyallup.

Significant tributaries of the White include the
West Fork White River,, Huckleberry Creek, Boise
RIVER 10.0031 Creek, Clearwater River, and the Greenwater River.

The White River Watershed provides critical spawn-
spaw
ing and rearing habitat for several salmonids in- i
cluding several ESA listed species which include;
native White River Spring Chinook,
Chinook winter steel-
head, and bull trout.. Other non-threatened
non species
include coho, pink, chum, sockeye, rainbow trout,
cutthroat, and whitefish. These tributaries, with
the exception of the West Fork, are described in this
report.
All adult salmon and steelhead that spawn in the
Upper White River and its tributaries are initially
captured in the USACE fish trap in Buckley; then
nsported above Mud Mountain dam (RM 29.6).
transported
Since precise escapement numbers for the Upper
White River drainage are known, surveys are con- co
T
he White River (Stuck) is a vast and dynamic ducted to determine fish distribution and spawning
glacially driven river system. The headwa- success. This is especially important regarding
ters of the White originate from the Emmons Spring Chinook, since nce adult production monitoring
and Fryingpan glaciers on the north face of Mt. is part of the recovery plan.
Rainier. Flowing 76.7 miles from its mountain The systems glacial origin is responsible for the
source to its eventual confluence with the Puyallup turbid conditions that are most noticeable
not during
River; the White River Watershed drains an are area of warmer weather experienced during late spring and
nearly 494 mi2. The White River has a drainage summer. The White River conveys a tremendous
area nearly twice that of the Puyallup River. Ho How- volume of bed load material which contributes to
ever, the White and Puyallup drainages are often the dynamic nature of the system. The high sedi- sed
viewed and managed as two distinct and separate ment loads are responsible for the braided channel
entities. This management approach is due in part morphology characteristic of broad valley segments.
because
se prior to 1906, the White River did not flow This condition is most prevalent in the upper reach-
r
into the Puyallup. Salo and Jagielo (1983) described es within and immediately outside the National
that prior to 1906; the majority of the White River Park boundaries (river mile 56 to 71). Although this
flowed north towards Elliot Bay. Yet, some of the upper headwater segment provides little or nothing
water from the White often flowed south to the in the way of mainstem spawning opportunities, its
Puyallup
lup through the Stuck River channel. In N No- pristine and unspoiled tributaries provide a great
vember of 1906, a flood event mobilized a tremen
tremend- deal of the critical bull trout spawning and rearing
ous amount of wood debris that blocked the north habitat in the system. Sunrise Creek (RM 63), lo-
flowing channel in what is now downtown Auburn. cated 2.5 miles inside Mt. Rainier National Park,
The blockage forced the river to avulse and find a marks the highest salmon migration point docu- doc
new channel. This his newly created diversion sent mented by PTF staff.
nearly the entire White River flow down through Downstream of the NPS boundary near RM 61, 61
the Stuck River channel into the Puyallup, more the mainstem river,er, as well as many of its tributa-
tribut
than doubling the size of the Puyallup River dradrai- ries course through industrial forestlands including
includ
nage. In 1915, a concrete structure was co con- National Forest, but primarily within private tim-
ber company ownership. Much of these forestlands dam in Buckley and transported upstream and re- r
have been harvested at least once and in many ca cas- leased above Mud Mountain. The Corps’ trapping
es twice. Lands in timber production areaareas are of- facility is uniquely integrated into a diversion dam
ten densely roaded with some sections approaching and flume intake that was, up until January 2004,
six lineal miles per square mile. Roads have co con- used to divert water from the White River to gener-
gene
tributed to many of their trademark problems such ate power. Since Puget Sound Energy (PSE) ceased
as landslides, slope failures, altered hydrology,
ydrology, cu
cul- power production, instream flows have increased
vert and bridge projects that can effect upstream considerably in the lower river. Thus far, some
migration, and of course high levels if sedimentation measure of water has continued to be diverted
di from
within effected drainages. In contrast to the head- the river
iver to maintain the water levels and water
waters reach, mainstem spawning opportunities are quality in Lake Tapps. However, the effect on fish
frequently available throughout much oof the upper passage is the same; a small percentage of fish will
mainstem from RM 55 downstream to Mud Mou Moun- fall back downstream below Mud Mountain; utiliz- utili
tain dam at RM 29.5. Chinook,, coho and pink sa sal- ing this disenfranchised reach of the river between
mon have all been observed spawning in the lower the two facilities.
velocity margins of the mainstem within this se sec- stream of the diversion dam at RM 24.3;
Downstream 24.3 to
tion. approximately RM 11, there is frequent and concen-
conce
The West Fork White River entering at RM 49.2 trated use by Chinook,, pink, coho and steelhead.
on the left bank is glacially driven as well, and is Some chum spawning activity takes place within
characterized by generally unconfined, often braided this reach as well; however, the majority of chum
and complex channels. Abundant
bundant spawni
spawning gravels spawn below RM 15. When power production ended
are present in pool tail, as well as the margins and in 2004, this roughly 13 mile e reach has abundant
low velocity areas along the lower river
river. Woody de- and excellent spawning gravel. There are signifi-
bris is abundant although
though much of it has been depdepo- cant side channels,, as well as LWD and log jams
sited too high to interact with the regular seasonal contributing to the complexity of the lower River.
flows. To a great extent, the overstory riparian zone This reach provides numerous spawning and rear-
is either second growth conifer or hardwoods
hardwoods; except ing opportunities. One side channel complex,
com ap-
for the zone through Mt. National Park wit with consist proximately a mile long, is located
lo on the left bank
of mostly old growth. Several tributaries includi
including directly below the Shaker Church access (RM 14.5).
Pinochle, Cripple and Wrong creeks;
reeks; frequently This long established chan- The lower White River
support Chinook,, coho and pink spawners. In addi- nel supports Chinook, pink
tion, the
he clear headwater tributaries of the West and coho, as well as the
Fork; specifically Lodi Creek, provide several key highest recent documenta-
spawning and rearing opportunities for bull trout. tion of chum salmon spawn-
There are ap- ing. Another substantial
proximately 5 miles side channel not surveyed
of suitable h
habitat due to multiple debris jams
between Mud blocking access, is located a
Mountain Dam and couple of miles downstream
the USACE BucBuck- on the left bank. Aerial surveys have documented
ley trap at RM 24.3; both Chinook and steelhead spawning
spawn in this side
unfortunately
unfortunately, only channel.
modest spawning at best takes place due to lack of Downstream from approximately
oximately RM 11, the
fish access between the two sites. Mud Mountain is channel is constrained by levees (right photo). The
an earthen dam built for flood control (left), and is a channel from this point loses complexity and there
complete blockage to upstream migration. It is for is a marked decrease in both spawning gravel and
this reason that fish are captured at the diversion spawning activity of all species.
(1994--2008)
White River Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994
205
LIVE
200 DEAD
REDDS
151
142
150
NUMBER OBSERVED
117
102
101
99
98
N
94
100 O
80
T
79
75
74
69
S
U
51
R
44
44
50
V
36
36
30
E
26
24
23
22
21
Y
17
17
17
16
14
12
E
11
10
10
10
7
D
5
4
3
0
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
DATE SURVEYED
Survey efforts since 2004 have been increasingly thwarted by higher flow conditions and poor water visibility. Data collected
since 2004 is therefore incomplete.

habitat for Chinook,, coho, pink, chum and steel-

stee
WILKESON head. However, Chinook use is often limited due to

the extremely low flows common mon in the creek during
late summer and early fall. Bull trout
tro utilization is
CREEK 10.0432 unknown.

From the barrier falls at RM 6.2, down to approx-
appro
imately RM 5, the creek is confined by valley walls;
yet the
he channel width and gradient are conducive to
providing ample spawning opportunities for all spe-
cies (top left). Coal
oal Mine Creek, entering near RM
5.7, is the only significant tributary entering the
anadromous segment of Wilkeson Creek. Coal Mine
supports coho, chum, and pink spawners.
Between RM 5 and 4, Wilkeson Creek meanders
through the town of Wilkeson, the channel is often
deeply entrenched and the banks generally rip- rip
rapped and confined. Spawning opportunities
throughout this section are available, although,
somewhat reduced compared to the rest of the
creek. At RM 4.2, the Wilkeson Waste Water
ilkeson Creek is a large tributary to lower Treatment ent Plant discharges its treated domestic
W South Prairie Creek (10.0429). Wilkeson

flows for 12.3 miles from its source in the
Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie Nationalational Forest
Forest, and then
wastewater into the creek.
Below river mile 4 and the community of Wilke-
Wilk
son,, the creek travels through generally undeve-
passes through the community of Wilkeson, before loped forested land until it reaches South Prairie.
meeting South Prairie Creek (RM 6.7) just east of The lower 4 miles of Wilkeson is a pool-riffle stream
the town of South Prairie. Unfortunately, only the with a gravel/cobble substrate. With a few excep-
exce
lower half of Wilkeson is accessible to salmon; a se- tions, abundant spawning gravel is present
ries of falls at RM 6.2 marks the upper extent of throughout this reach. The riparian along lower
adult salmon and steelhead migration. Wilkeson consists off hardwoods and conifers with a
Several fish and habitat related issues associated diverse understory of na-
with Wilkeson Creek include; erosion, water quality tive shrubs and vegetation.
(temperature), channel confinement, low flows, w wa- Large swaths of Japanese
awal, and aquatic noxious weeds (Japa-
ter withdrawal, knot weed are also present
nese knotweed-Polygonum
Polygonum cuspidatum). In addi- along numerous sections of
tion, pieces of coal still visible
ble in the creek channel the creek. In-stream woo-
continue
tinue to bring to light the regions coal mining dy debris is plentiful providing both channel com-
co
history and its lasting impacts on the creekcreek. Cur- plexity and cover. The lower 3 miles are very natu-
nat
he primary land use along Wilkeson is rural ral (lower left), with a heavily wooded riparian zone,
rently, the
residential, recreational, light commercial, and for- debris jams and several side channels offering excel- exce
est. Despite these lli- lent chum spawning opportunities, as well as over-
mitations, the Wilke- wintering habitat for juvenile
nile coho, Chinook and
son Creek basin is a steelhead. . The lower 1.5 miles of the creek often
productive
tive system
system, experiences the heaviest spawning effort by Chi-
providing suitable nook, pink, and chum. Whereas, coho (right) and
spawning and rearing steelhead focus more on the middle and upper
reaches of the creek.
2008 Wilkeson Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
10
LIVE
DEAD
9
REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
9/4/08 9/11/08 9/19/08 9/29/08 10/8/08 10/17/08
DATE SURVEYED
Wilkeson Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

(1995-2008)
70
LIVE
60 DEAD
60
REDDS
50
NUMBER OBSERVED
40 38
35
30
29
30
20
19
20 18
17 17
15
14
13
12 12
11 11
10
9
10 8 8 8
6
4
3
2 2
1 1 1 1 1
0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED

2008 Wilkeson Creek Steelhead Spawning Ground Count

10
LIVE
9 DEAD
REDDS
8
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
3/12/09 3/23/09 4/27/09 4/28/09 5/4/09 5/5/09 5/22/09 6/9/09
DATE SURVEYED
(1999--2009)
Wilkeson Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1999
60
STEELHEAD REDDS
50
50
40
NUMBER OBSERVED
30 30 30
29
30
23
22
20
20
13
10 8
6
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
YEAR SURVEYED

River; focusing heavily

ily on the headwaters located
WRIGHT within Mt. Rainier National

ional Park. The study re-
sults showed that the cold high mountain streams
located within the National Park, including Wright,
CREEK 10.0370
10.0370
provide the majority
ity of the critical bull trout spawn-
ing habitat in the basin.
spaw
Wright Creek enters Fryingpan at approximately

RM 1.5;; less than a mile upstream of the Sunrise
road crossing. Of its 1.7 mile length, Wright Creek
provides approximately 0.2 miles of anadromous
usage. A series of bedrock cascades and falls (top
left photo) blocks any further upstream migration.
The creek is almost entirely bordered by an old
growth coniferous forest and the water is cooled
year round by snow and glacial melt water from
Sarvant Glacier, which is located on the northern
slopes of the Cowlitz Chimneys (Sarvant Glacier is
named after Henry M. Sarvant, (1869-1940),
(1869 an en-
gineer and early surveyor
eyor of the mountain). Addi-
tion flow is contributed by a small nonglacial tribu-
W
right Creek,
Creek, located within Mt. Rainier
tary entering on the left bank at RM 1.4.1.4
National Park, is a small right bank trib
tribu-
The first 0.1 miles of the creek consists of a nar-
tary to Fryingpan Creek.. This small
row, moderate gradient channel flowing within the
mountain stream is surveyed for bull ttrout from late
open Fryingpan Creek floodplain (lower left photo).
August through the first part of October.
ber. The
Several patches of excellent spawning gravel
gra are
mouth of Wright Creek, which is located at nearly
available throughoutout this section of the creek and
4000’ elevation, is too high for most Pacific salmon
the majority of spawning has occurred within this
species. Wright Creek does provide excellent rea rear-
segment of the creek overver the past two years.
years There
ing and spawning habitat for a host of resident and
is no significant LWD or natural cover present in
fluvial bull trout. In 2006 and 2007, Puyallup Tr Tri-
this portion of the channel;
nel; however, spawning ac-a
bal Fisheries staff radio tagged bull trout (9 fish in
tivity is often observed withinin close proximity of the
2006/19 fish in 2007) captured in the USACE fish
few pieces of small woody debris present.
present
trap near Buckley. Subsequently, a few of these
Beyond the open floodplain channel, the creek
bull trout were tracked from their release site at
enters the forested slope along Fryingpan.
Fryingpan The
RM 45 on the White
Lower Wright Creek channel assumes a step-poolpool configuration from this
River (near the town
point on. Throughout this final reach of fish usage,
of Green
Greenwater) to
spawning opportunities are reduced due to the in-
Fryingpan CCreek and
creased
ased gradient, predominately larger substrate,
Wright Creek.
and rapid flows encountered.. Although the majority
Spawning was oob-
of this short reach provides excellent rearing habi-
hab
served in both creeks
tat, it doesn’t offer much in the way of spawning op- o
during September.
portunities. Approximately 0.1 miles after entering
The telemetry ststu-
the forested area, the creek climbs rapidly up a se-
dies and redd su
sur-
ries of bedrock cascades and small falls;
falls marking
veys along the upper
the end of anadromous habitat. Four bull trout
White River and
redds were observed in the lower 0.12 miles of the
West Fork White
creek in 2007.
2008 Wright Creek Bull Trout Spawning Ground Counts and Run Timing
10
LIVE
DEAD
9
REDDS
7
NUMBER OBSERVED
0
8/29/08 9/9/08 9/19/08 9/26/08 10/7/08
DATE SURVEYED
Raw spawning data for Wright Creek can be found in Appendix D.
2008 Wright Creek Water Temperature (August 31-

31-October 15)
10
Temperature (*C)
9
Average: 4.78
8 Max: 9.03
Min: -0.4
7
6
*C
-1
9/1/08
9/2/08
9/3/08
9/4/08
9/5/08
9/6/08
9/7/08
9/8/08
9/9/08
8/31/08
9/10/08
9/11/08
9/12/08
9/13/08
9/14/08
9/15/08
9/16/08
9/17/08
9/18/08
9/19/08
9/20/08
9/21/08
9/22/08
9/23/08
9/24/08
9/25/08
9/26/08
9/27/08
9/28/08
9/29/08
9/30/08
10/1/08
10/2/08
10/3/08
10/4/08
10/5/08
10/6/08
10/7/08
10/8/08
10/9/08
10/10/08
10/11/08
10/12/08
10/13/08
10/14/08
10/15/08
DATE

Seasonal Comparisons of Spawning Ground

Counts and
and Buckley USACE Trap Counts for
Salmon and Steelhead.
The following charts are separated by species and include both wild and hatchery origin spawning ground escapements.
They are a compilation of the yearly survey totals conducted by the Puyallup Tribe Fisheries Department, the Washing-
Washin
ton Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Army Corps of Engineers’ Buckley trap counts. These data yield an empir-
empi
ical representation of total natural/hatchery
/hatchery escapement for the entire WRIA 10: Puyallup/White River Watershed. It’s
important to note that the number of live fish observed and represented in the graphs is an accumulation of all fish seen
throughout the survey season. The total number of live fish observed does not depict the estimated escapement which is
derived through statistical analysis (AUC method
method-see appendix x F). The live and redds totals in the following graphs do
not include the fish or redds observed above RM 24.3 on the White River, since these actual escapement totals are
known from the USACE Buckley trap counts.
APPENDIX A
Chinook Seasonal Spawning Ground Counts and Buckley USACE Trap Counts (1993-
(1993-2008)
6,000
BUCKLEY COUNTS
LIVE
4,634
4,565
5,000
DEAD
REDDS
4,000
NUMBER OBSERVED
3,000
2,372
2,079
2,002
1,965
1,683
1,637
1,546
1,532
1,528
1,526
2,000
1,465
1,433
1,394
1,393
1,292
1,240
1,193
1,151
1,141
1,060
1,057
1,029
1,013
959
938
924
921
856
849
849
837
803
761
753
738
710
702
698
1,000
643
605
586
577
531
515
502
479
466
424
422
411
409
402
402
392
321
284
251
241
233
213
160
105
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
The live, dead, and redds totals in this graph do not include the Chinook or redds observed above RM 24.3 on the White River;
actual escapement totals are known from the USACE Buckley trap counts. The breakdown for the Buckley trap counts are listed
in the section covering the Buckley USACE fish trap found at the beginning of this report.
Adult Coho Seasonal Spawning Ground Counts and Buckley USACE Trap Counts (1993-
(1993-2008)
25,000
21,591
BUCKLEY COUNTS
LIVE
20,000 DEAD
16,748
14,341
13,893
NUMBER OBSERVED
12,620
15,000
8,420
7,988
10,000
7,482
6,503
6,370
6,371
6,252
6,022
5,005
4,046
2,924
2,733
5,000
2,662
2,617
2,454
1,902
1,809
1,782
1,789
1,745
1,693
1,475
1,379
1,325
1,283
1,252
1,179
1,065
1,013
976
966
927
661
522
508
444
414
355
297
247
221
209
171
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
The live and dead totals in this graph do not include the coho observed above RM 24.3 on the White River; actual escapement
totals are known from the USACE Buckley trap counts.

(1993--2008)
Adult Chum Seasonal Spawning Ground Counts and Hatchery Returns (1993
25,000
HATCHERY
20,635
19,506
LIVE
18,508
18,006
DEAD
17,629
20,000
14,273
NUMBER OBSERVED
12,679
12,620
12,606
15,000
11,393
11,209
10,217
10,051
9,686
10,000
7,244
7,196
7,190
7,150
7,049
7,037
6,130
6,083
5,472
5,437
5,229
5,116
5,032
4,958
4,652
4,590
4,555
4,441
4,397
3,942
3,761
3,619
3,446
3,320
5,000
2,701
2,634
2,314
2,286
2,290
2,212
1,685
1,645
1,632
1,276
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
SEASON SURVEYED
Steelhead Seasonal Spawning Ground Counts and Buckley USACE Trap Counts (2000
(2000--2009)
600
BUCKLEY COUNTS
524
LIVE
500 DEAD
435
REDDS
383
369
367
400
357
NUMBER OBSERVED
337
303
269
265
300
231
218
207
183
165
200
163
162
152
145
137
135
81
100
67
54
49
45
43
37
28
15
8
5
3
3
2
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
SEASON SURVEYED
The live, dead, and redds totals in this graph do not include the steelhead or redds observed above RM 24.3 on the White River;
actual escapement totals are known from the USACE Buckley trap counts.

Pink Seasonal Spawning Ground Counts and Buckley USACE Trap Counts (1991-
(1991-2007)
BUCKLEY COUNTS
312,500,000 LIVE
DEAD
6,250,000
613,876
497,841
261,038
127,541
NUMBER OBSERVED
64,347
33,346
29,794
21,716
19,935
18,810
125,000
13,190
11,626
6,622
5,824
3,941
3,769
3,139
2,987
1,959
1,502
2,500
223
208
50
1
1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007
SEASON SURVEYED
The live and dead totals in this graph do not include the pink salmon observed above RM 24.3 on the White River; actual escape-
ment totals are known from the USACE Buckley trap counts.

SALMON AND STEELHEAD

DISTRIBUTION AND SPAWN-
SPAWN-
ING UTILIZATION
The following maps are separated by species; they rrepresent
epresent the different distributions and spawning utilization
areas within the watershed. The following maps were produced by Marilu Koschak, with the Northwest Indian
Fisheries Commissions (NWIFC).
APPENDIX B

Insert Chinook map

Insert coho map

Insert chum map

Insert pink map

Insert steelhead map

2008-
2008-2009
CHINOOK, BULL TROUT,
TROUT, AND
STEELHEAD REDD LOCATIONS
(GPS)
The following redd location maps were produced by Puyallup Tribal GIS Analyst Paul Arnold.
APPENDIX C

















2008
2008--2009
SALMON, STEELHEA
STEELHEAD,
D, AND
BULL TROUT SPAWNING DA-
TA
APPENDIX D
2008 Chinook Spawning

Spawning Ground Data
Data
STREAM
C
UPPER
WRIA DATE LOWER R.M. LIVE DEAD REDDS
R.M.
BOISE 10.0057 8/27/08 0.0 2.2 3 0 0

BOISE 10.0057 9/5/08 0.0 2.2 52 3 20
BOISE 10.0057 9/15/08 0.0 2.2 40 33 48
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 4 0 0
BOISE 10.0057 9/24/08 0.0 2.2 203 29 58
H
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 211 13 90
BOISE 10.0057 10/03/08 0.0 2.2 54 163 28
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 52 139 64
BOISE 10.0057 10/14/08 0.0 2.2 11 26 2
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 1 34 15
BOISE 10.0057 10/24/08 0.0 2.2 0 0 0
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 2 0 0
BOISE CREEK Total 633 440 325
I
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 9/4/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0

CANYONFALLS 10.0410 9/11/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 9/19/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 9/29/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
N
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 10/8/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 10/17/08 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS CR. Total 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CARBON RIVER 10.0413 9/26/08 8.5 9.5 2 0 1

CARBON RIVER Total 2 0 1
O
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CLARKS 10.0027 8/26/08 3.4 3.7 0 0 0

CLARKS 10.0027 9/4/08 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 9/11/08 3.4 3.7 8 0 4
CLARKS 10.0027 9/19/08 3.4 3.7 68 15 30
CLARKS 10.0027 9/29/08 3.4 3.7 246 46 62
CLARKS 10.0027 10/8/08 3.4 3.7 92 257 7
O
CLARKS 10.0027 10/17/08 3.4 3.7 4 77 0
CLARKS 10.0027 10/27/08 3.4 3.7 0 1 0
CLARKS CREEK Total 418 396 103
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CLEAR 10.0022 8/26/08 1.7 1.8 0 0 0

CLEAR 10.0022 9/11/08 1.7 1.8 0 0 0
K
CLEAR 10.0022 9/19/08 1.7 1.8 10 3 11
CLEAR 10.0022 9/29/08 1.7 1.8 27 1 10
CLEAR 10.0022 10/8/08 1.7 1.8 9 24 4
CLEAR 10.0022 10/17/08 1.7 1.8 0 6 0

CLEAR 10.0022 10/27/08 1.7 1.8 0 0 0

CLEAR CREEK Total 46 34 25
C
CLEARWATER
CLEARWATER
CLEARWATER
CLEARWATER
10.0080
10.0080
10.0080
10.0080
8/28/08
9/8/08
9/17/08
9/25/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.6
3.8
3.8
3.8
LIVE
10
23
48
91
DEAD
1
1
12
7
REDDS
7
25
39
57
CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/2/08 0.0 3.8 37 16 9
H
CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/10/08 0.0 3.8 10 6 2
CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/23/08 0.0 3.8 0 0 0
CLEARWATER R. Total 219 43 139
LIVE DEAD REDDS
DEER (Adult Plants) 10.0685 10/3/08 0.0 1.0 252

DEER (supplemental survey) 10.0685 10/17/08 0.0 1.0 0 53 14
I
DEER CREEK Total 252 53 14
LIVE DEAD REDDS
FENNEL 10.0406 9/4/08 0.0 0.8 0 0 0

FENNEL 10.0406 9/11/08 0.0 0.8 0 0 0
FENNEL 10.0406 9/19/08 0.0 0.8 3 0 3
FENNEL 10.0406 9/29/08 0.0 1.3 2 1 10
N
FENNEL 10.0406 10/8/08 0.0 1.3 1 1 11
FENNEL 10.0406 10/17/08 0.0 1.3 1 0 4
FENNEL 10.0406 10/27/08 0.0 1.3 0 0 0
FENNEL CREEK Total 7 2 28
LIVE DEAD REDDS
Data collected by
WDFW
O
GREENWATER 10.0122 9/11/08 0 7.9 116 8 68
GREENWATER 10.0122 9/18/08 0 7.9 91 34 62
GREENWATER 10.0122 10/1/08 0 7.9 69 27 56
GREENWATER 10.0122 10/15/08 0 7.9 1 12 4
GREENWATER R. Total 277 81 190
LIVE DEAD REDDS
O
HYLEBOS 10.0006 9/19/08 0.1 0.5 0 0 0
HYLEBOS 10.0006 10/23/08 0.1 0.5 0 0 0
HYLEBOS CREEK 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
HUCKLEBERRY 10.0253 8/22/08 0.0 1.5 0 0 1

HUCKLEBERRY 10.0253 9/10/08 0.0 1.5 10 0 17
HUCKLEBERRY 10.0253 9/18/08 0.0 1.5 19 3 26
K
HUCKLEBERRY
HUCKLEBERRY
KAPOWSIN
10.0253
10.0253
10.0600
9/25/08
10/2/08
8/27/08
0.0
0.0
HUCKLEBERRY CR.
0.0
1.5
1.5
Total
0.4
8
0
37
LIVE
0
2
0
5
DEAD
0
20
1
65
REDDS

KAPOWSIN 10.0600 9/15/08 0.0 1.6 0 0 0

KAPOWSIN 10.0600 9/24/08 0.0 1.6 17 2 18
C
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/3/08 0.0 1.6 0 2 1
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/14/08 0.0 3.2 2 4 2
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/22/08 0.0 3.2 0 0 0
KAPOWSIN CREEK Total 19 8 21
LIVE DEAD REDDS
H
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 9/30/08 0.0 0.2 5 1 5
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 10/27/08 0.0 0.2 0 0 0
RUSHINGWATER Total 5 1 5
LIVE DEAD REDDS
SALMON 10.0036 8/26/08 0.0 0.6 0 0 0

SALMON 10.0036 9/4/08 0.0 0.6 0 0 0
SALMON 10.0036 9/11/08 0.0 0.6 0 0 0
I
SALMON 10.0036 9/19/08 0.0 0.6 4 0 2
SALMON 10.0036 9/29/08 0.0 0.6 13 4 9
SALMON 10.0036 10/8/08 0.0 0.6 4 9 2
SALMON 10.0036 10/17/08 0.0 0.6 0 0 0
SALMON CREEK Total 21 13 13
LIVE DEAD REDDS
N
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 9/10/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 9/18/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 9/25/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 10/2/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS Total 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
O
Data collected by
WDFW
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/4/08 0.3 3.8 17 2 5
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/12/08 0.3 12.6 154 5 96
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/22/08 0.3 8 154 41 111
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/23/08 8 12.6 25 2 19
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/29/08 0.3 8 100 63 91
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 9/30/08 8 12.6 15 2 17
O
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 10/9/08 0.3 12.6 10 30 24
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 10/16/08 0.3 8 1 18 3
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 10/22/08 8 10.2 0 0 3
SOUTH PRAIRIE Total 476 163 369
LIVE DEAD REDDS
SWAN 10.0003 8/26/08 0.3 1.0 0 0 0
K
SWAN 10.0003 9/4/08 0.3 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 9/11/08 0.3 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 10/8/08 0.3 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN CREEK Total 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS

WHITE RIVER 10.0031 10/10/08 7.5 24.3 10 0 30

WHITE RIVER Total 10 0 30
LIVE DEAD REDDS
WILKESON 10.0432 9/4/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 0

WILKESON 10.0432 9/11/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 9/19/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 9/29/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 10/8/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 1
WILKESON 10.0432 10/17/08 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
WILKESON CREEK Total 0 0 1
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CHINOOK

2008 BULL TROUT SPAWNING DATA (WHITE RIVER)

UPPER
B
STREAM WRIA DATE LOWER R.M. LIVE DEAD REDDS
R.M.
KLICKITAT 10.0357 8/29/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
KLICKITAT 10.0357 9/9/08 0.0 0.5 13 0 6
KLICKITAT 10.0357 9/19/08 0.0 0.5 3 0 14
KLICKITAT 10.0357 9/26/08 0.0 0.5 0 0 1
U
KLICKITAT 10.0357 10/15/08 0.0
KLICKITAT CREEK
0.5
Total
0
16
LIVE
0
0
DEAD
0
21
REDDS
SILVER CREEK 10.0313 8/29/08 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
L
SILVER CREEK
SILVER CREEK
SILVER CREEK
SILVER CREEK
10.0313
10.0313
10.0313
10.0313
9/10/08
9/18/08
9/25/08
10/2/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
SILVER CREEK Total 1 0 4
L
SILVER SPRINGS
SILVER SPRINGS
10.0332A
10.0332A
8/29/08
9/10/08
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.3
LIVE
0
0
DEAD
0
0
REDDS
0
1
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 9/18/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 2
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 9/25/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS 10.0332A 10/2/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SILVER SPRINGS Total 0 0 3
LIVE DEAD REDDS
NO-NAME CREEK 10.0364 8/29/08 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
T
NO-NAME CREEK
NO-NAME CREEK
NO-NAME CREEK
NO-NAME CREEK
10.0364
10.0364
10.0364
10.0364
9/9/08
9/19/08
9/26/08
10/7/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
3
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
8
0
NO-
NO-NAME CREEK Total 4 0 12
R
FRYINGPAN 10.0369 8/29/08 0.0 1.7
LIVE
0
DEAD
0
REDDS
0
FRYINGPAN 10.0369 9/9/08 0.0 1.7 0 0 1
O
FRYINGPAN
FRYINGPAN
FRYINGPAN
10.0369
10.0369
10.0369
9/19/08
9/26/08
10/15/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
FRYINGPAN CREEK
1.7
1.7
1.7
Total
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
3
LIVE DEAD REDDS
U
WRIGHT CREEK
WRIGHT CREEK
10.0370
10.0370
8/29/08
9/9/08
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0
0
0
0
0
0
WRIGHT CREEK 10.0370 9/19/08 0.0 0.2 3 0 6
T
WRIGHT CREEK
WRIGHT CREEK
10.0370
10.0370
9/26/08
10/15/08
0.0
0.0
WRIGHT CREEK
0.2
0.2
Total
0
0
3
LIVE
0
0
0
DEAD
1
0
7
REDDS

B
HIDDEN SPRINGS UNIDENTIFIED 9/26/08 0.0
HIDDEN SPRINGS
0.7
Total
0
0
LIVE
0
0
DEAD
0
0
REDDS
U
ANTLER CREEK
ANTLER CREEK
ANTLER CREEK
ANTLER CREEK
UNIDENTIFIED
UNIDENTIFIED
UNIDENTIFIED
UNIDENTIFIED
9/9/08
9/19/08
9/26/08
10/15/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ANTLER CREEK Total 0 0 0
L
PARALLEL CREEK UNIDENTIFIED 8/29/08 0.0 0.6
LIVE
0
DEAD
0
REDDS
0
PARALLEL CREEK UNIDENTIFIED 9/9/08 0.0 0.6 1 0 1
L
PARALLEL CREEK
PARALLEL CREEK
PARALLEL CREEK
UNIDENTIFIED
UNIDENTIFIED
UNIDENTIFIED
9/19/08
9/26/08
10/15/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
PARALLEL CREEK
0.6
0.6
0.6
Total
4
1
0
6
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
5
LIVE DEAD REDDS
DISCOVERY UNIDENTIFIED 9/9/08 0.0 0.6 0 0 0

0 0 2
T
DISCOVERY CREEK Total
LIVE DEAD REDDS
LODI CREEK 10.0027 9/16/08 0.0 0.5 0 0 0

0 0 0
R
LODI CREEK 10.0027 10/6/08 0.0 0.5
W. Fork White River LODI CREEK Total 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
UNNAMED CREEK 10.0219 10/6/08 0.0 0.1 0 0 1
O
W. Fork White River UNNAMED CREEK Total 0 0 1
LIVE DEAD REDDS
SUNRISE CREEK 10.0337 8/29/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0

SUNRISE CREEK 10.0337 9/9/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
U
SUNRISE CREEK 10.0337 9/19/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SUNRISE CREEK 10.0337 9/26/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SUNRISE CREEK 10.0337 10/15/08 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
SUNRISE CREEK Total 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
T
SHAW CREEK 10.0365 9/26/08 0.0
SHAW CREEK
1.1
Total
1
1
LIVE
0
0
DEAD
1
1
REDDS
(UNIDENTIFIED): These tributaries are not identified on hydrology and/or officially named.
2008 COHO SALMON SPAWNING DATA

UPPER
STREAM WRIA DATE LOWER R.M. LIVE DEAD
R.M.
BOISE 10.0057 9/15/08 0.0 4.5 0 0

BOISE 10.0057 9/24/08 0.0 4.5 1 0
BOISE 10.0057 10/3/08 0.0 4.5 5 0
BOISE 10.0057 10/14/08 0.0 4.5 18 3
BOISE 10.0057 10/24/08 0.0 4.5 224 6
BOISE 10.0057 11/20/08 0.0 4.5 186 66
BOISE 10.0057 12/2/08 0.0 4.5 11 29
BOISE 10.0057 12/9/08 0.0 4.5 6 11
BOISE 10.0057 12/18/08 0.0 4.5 0 5
BOISE CREEK TOTAL: 451 120
LIVE DEAD
Surveys conducted by WDFW

CANYONFALLS 10.0410 11/17/08 0.3 0.6 0 0
C
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/2/08 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/9/08 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/16/08 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/30/08 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/6/09 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/15/09 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/23/09 0.3 0.6 0 0
CANYONFALLS CR. TOTAL: 0 0
O
LIVE DEAD
CLARKS 10.0027 10/17/08 3.4 3.7 0 0

CLARKS 10.0027 11/5/08 3.4 3.7 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 11/17/08 3.4 3.7 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 11/25/08 3.4 3.7 0 0
H
CLARKS 10.0027 12/3/08 3.4 3.7 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 12/16/08 3.4 3.7 0 0
CLARKS CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
CLEAR 10.0022 10/17/08 1.7 1.9 0 0

CLEAR 10.0022 11/5/08 1.7 1.9 0 0
O
CLEAR 10.0022 11/17/08 1.7 1.9 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 11/25/08 1.7 1.9 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 12/3/08 1.7 1.9 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 12/12/08 1.7 1.9 0 0
CLEAR CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
CLEARWATER 10.0080 9/25/08 0.0 1.1 0 1

CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/2/08 0.0 3.8 7 0
CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/10/08 0.0 3.8 6 0

CLEARWATER 10.0080 10/23/08 0.0 3.8 0 0

CLEARWATER RIVER TOTAL: 13 1
LIVE DEAD

COAL MINE 10.0432A 11/5/08 0.0 0.4 4 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 11/14/08 0.0 0.4 6 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 12/2/08 0.0 0.4 0 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 12/9/08 0.0 0.4 2 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 12/16/08 0.0 0.4 1 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 12/30/08 0.0 0.4 14 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 1/6/09 0.0 0.4 15 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 1/15/09 0.0 0.4 18 2
COAL MINE 10.0432A 1/23/09 0.0 0.4 0 0
COAL MINE 10.0432A 1/28/09 0.0 0.4 0 0
COAL MINE CREEK TOTAL: 60 2
LIVE DEAD
C
DEER (Adult plants) 10.0865 11/5/08 ADULT
DEER CREEK
FISH PLANT
TOTAL:
697
697
LIVE DEAD

FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 11/5/08 0.0 1.9 10 0
O
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 11/17/08 0.0 1.9 1 0
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 12/2/08 0.0 1.9 0 1
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 12/9/08 0.0 1.9 0 0
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 12/16/08 0.0 1.9 0 0
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 1/6/09 0.0 1.1 0 0
FENNEL CREEK 10.0406 1/15/09 0.1 1.9 0 0
FENNEL CREEK TOTAL: 11 1
H
LIVE DEAD

FISKE 10.0596 10/22/08 0.0 0.3 0 0
FISKE 10.0596 11/5/08 0.0 0.3 3 0
FISKE 10.0596 11/14/08 0.0 0.3 3 0
FISKE 10.0596 12/2/08 0.0 0.3 0 0
FISKE 10.0596 12/9/08 0.0 0.3 0 0
FISKE
FOX
O 10.0596
10.0608
12/30/08
10/14/08
0.0
FISKE CREEK
0.0
0.3
TOTAL:
1.0
0
6
LIVE
0
0
0
DEAD
0
FOX 10.0608 10/23/08 0.0 1.0 0 0
FOX 10.0608 10/28/08 0.0 1.0 1 0
FOX 10.0608 11/5/08 0.0 1.0 90 5
FOX 10.0608 11/17/08 0.0 1.0 20 54
FOX 10.0608 11/26/08 0.0 1.0 0 13
FOX CREEK TOTAL: 111 72
LIVE DEAD

KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/3/08 0.0 1.6 0 0

KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/14/08 0.0 3.2 1 1
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/23/08 0.0 3.2 0 0
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 10/28/08 0.0 3.2 2 0
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 11/5/08 0.0 3.2 170 5
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 11/24/08 0.0 3.2 3 7
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 12/3/08 0.0 3.2 0 3
KAPOWSIN CREEK TOTAL: 176 16
LIVE DEAD
LE DOUT 10.0620 10/27/08 0.0 0.4 7 3

LE DOUT CREEK TOTAL: 7 3
LIVE DEAD
NIESSON
NIESSON
C 10.0622
10.0622
10/28/08
11/4/08 ADULT
0.0
NIESSON CREEK
FISH
1.0
PLANT
TOTAL:
37
656
693
LIVE
11
11
DEAD
OHOP 10.0600 11/6/08 ADULT FISH PLANT 399
O
OHOP 10.0600 11/20/08 6.5 7.5 16 11
OHOP 10.0600 11/25/08 6.5 7.1 2 10
OHOP 10.0600 12/3/08 6.5 7.0 0 3
OHOP CREEK TOTAL: 417 24
LIVE DEAD
PUYALLUP RIVER 10.0600 10/30/08 ADULT FISH PLANT N. FORK 618
RODY
RODY
H 10.0028
10.0028
11/5/08
11/17/08
PUYALLUP RIVER
0.4
0.4
TOTAL:
0.5
0.5
618
LIVE
0
0
0
DEAD
0
0
RODY 10.0028 11/25/08 0.4 0.5 0 0
O
RODY 10.0028 12/3/08 0.4 0.5 0 0
RODY 10.0028 12/12/08 0.4 0.5 0 0
RODY CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 9/30/08 0.0 1.0 0 0

RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 10/27/08 0.0 1.0 0 0
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 11/6/08 0.0 1.0 16 0
RUSHINGWATER 10.0625 11/6/08 ADULT FISH PLANT 265
RUSHINGWATER CR. TOTAL: 281 0
LIVE DEAD
SALMON 10.0035 10/17/08 0.0 0.5 0 0

SALMON 10.0035 11/5/08 0.0 0.5 2 0

SALMON 10.0035 11/17/08 0.0 0.5 1 0
SALMON 10.0035 11/25/08 0.0 0.5 0 0
SALMON 10.0035 12/3/08 0.0 0.5 0 0
SALMON 10.0035 12/12/08 0.0 0.5 0 0
SALMON CREEK TOTAL: 3 0
LIVE DEAD
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 11/5/08 0.0 0.1 0 0

SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 11/17/08 0.0 0.1 0 0
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 11/25/08 0.0 0.1 0 0
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 12/3/08 0.0 0.1 0 0
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 12/12/08 0.0 0.1 0 0
SALMON TRIBUTARY
TRIBUTARY TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
C
SILVER SPRINGS
SILVER SPRINGS
SILVER SPRINGS
10.0032A
10.0032A
10.0032A
10/2/08
10/10/08
10/23/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
SILVER SPRINGS CR.
0.3
0.3
0.3
TOTAL:
3
5
32
40
0
1
2
3
LIVE DEAD
O
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
10.0429
10.0429
10.0429
10.0429
11/19/08
11/25/08
12/4/08
12/9/08
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
10.2
16
13
148
19
0
0
1
0
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 12/11/08 0.0 6.0 9 0
SOUTH PRAIRIE CR. TOTAL: 205 1
H
LIVE DEAD

SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 11/5/08 0.0 0.2 6 1
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 11/14/08 0.0 0.2 9 0
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 12/2/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 12/16/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
O
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 12/30/08 0.0 0.2 10 0
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 1/6/09 0.0 0.2 26 0
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 1/15/09 0.0 0.2 29 3
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 1/23/09 0.0 0.2 4 10
SPIKETON CREEK 10.0453 1/28/09 0.0 0.2 0 5
SPIKETON CREEK TOTAL: 84 19
LIVE DEAD
SPRING CREEK 10.0430 11/18/08 0.0 0.3 4 0

SPRING CREEK TOTAL: 4 0
LIVE DEAD
SWAN 10.0003 10/17/08 0.3 1.0 0 0

SWAN 10.0003 11/17/08 0.3 1.0 0 0

SWAN 10.0003 11/25/08 0.3 1.0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 12/3/08 0.3 1.0 0 0
SWAN CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
SQUALLY 10.0024 11/17/08 0.0 0.2 0 0

SQUALLY 10.0024 11/25/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/3/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/12/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
WILKESON 10.0432 11/5/08 0.0 1.1 0 0

WILKESON 10.0432 11/17/08 0.0 5.8 2 2
WILKESON 10.0432 11/24/08 0.0 5.8 6 0
WILKESON 10.0432 12/3/08 0.0 1.1 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 12/9/08 0.0 1.1 0 0
WILKESON CREEK TOTAL: 8 2
LIVE DEAD
COHO

2008/2009 CHUM SPAWNING DATA

STREAM WRIA DATE LOWER RM UPPER RM LIVE DEAD
BOISE 10.0057 11/20/08 0.0 4.5 0 0
BOISE 10.0057 12/1/08 0.0 4.5 23 5
BOISE 10.0057 12/9/08 0.0 2.2 14 5
BOISE 10.0057 12/18/08 0.0 2.2 4 4
BOISE CREEK TOTAL: 41 14
LIVE DEAD
CANYON 10.XXXX 11/17/08 1.0 1.2 0 0

CANYON 10.XXXX 11/25/08 1.0 1.2 0 0
CANYON 10.XXXX 12/3/08 1.0 1.2 3 0
CANYON 10.XXXX 12/12/08 1.0 1.2 6 11
CANYON 10.XXXX 12/22/08 1.0 1.2 13 46
CANYON 10.XXXX 12/31/08 1.0 1.2 29 21
CANYON 10.XXXX 1/15/09 1.0 1.2 5 24
CANYON 10.XXXX 1/22/09 1.0 1.2 0 9

CANYONFALLS
CANYONFALLS
10.0410
10.0410
11/17/08
12/2/08
C
CANYON CREEK
0.3
0.3
TOTAL:
0.6
0.6
56
LIVE
0
0
111
DEAD
0
0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/9/08 0.3 0.6 11 0
H
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/16/08 0.3 0.6 7 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 12/30/08 0.3 0.6 120 9
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/6/09 0.3 0.6 67 60
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/15/09 0.3 0.6 5 39
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/23/09 0.3 0.6 2 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 1/28/09 0.0 0.4 1 0
CANYONFALLS TOTAL: 213 108
LIVE DEAD
CARBON
CARBON
CARBON
10.0413
10.0413
10.0413
11/25/08
12/4/08
12/11/08
U 0.0
0.0
0.0
CARBON RIVER
6.0
6.0
6.0
TOTAL:
70
78
12
160
4
21
32
57
LIVE DEAD
CLARKS
CLARKS
CLARKS
CLARKS
CLARKS
10.0027
10.0027
10.0027
10.0027
10.0027
11/17/08
11/25/08
12/3/08
12/16/08
12/22/08
M 3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
0
0
5
115
100
0
0
8
80
95
CLARKS 10.0027 12/31/08 3.4 3.7 67 48
CLARKS 10.0027 1/15/09 3.4 3.7 49 53
CLARKS 10.0027 1/22/09 3.4 3.7 21 9
CLARKS 10.0027 2/2/09 3.4 3.7 11 3
CLARKS CREEK TOTAL: 368 296
LIVE DEAD
CLEAR 10.0022 11/17/08 1.7 1.9 0 0

CLEAR 10.0022 11/25/08 1.7 1.9 2 0

CLEAR 10.0022 12/3/08 1.7 1.9 6 4
CLEAR 10.0022 12/12/08 1.7 1.9 15 8
CLEAR 10.0022 12/22/08 1.7 1.9 22 13
CLEAR 10.0022 12/31/08 1.7 1.9 255 22
CLEAR 10.0022 1/15/09 1.7 1.9 66 73
CLEAR 10.0022 1/22/09 1.7 1.9 16 37
CLEAR 10.0022 2/2/09 1.7 1.9 0 5
CLEAR CREEK TOTAL: 382 162
LIVE DEAD

FENNEL 10.0406 11/5/08 0.0 1.1 41 1
FENNEL 10.0406 11/17/08 0.0 1.1 94 13
FENNEL 10.0406 12/2/08 0.0 1.9 172 97
FENNEL 10.0406 12/9/08 0.0 1.9 164 101
FENNEL
FENNEL
FENNEL
10.0406
10.0406
10.0406
12/16/08
1/6/09
1/15/09
C 0.0
0.0
0.1
FENNEL CREEK
1.9
1.1
1.9
TOTAL:
132
58
0
661
LIVE
67
0
22
301
DEAD
H
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 11/17/08 0.0 0.1 0 5
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 12/2/08 0.0 0.1 1 7
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 12/9/08 0.0 0.1 1 4
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 12/16/08 0.0 0.1 3 1
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 1/6/09 0.0 0.1 11 50
TRIB..
FENNEL TRIB 10.0406A 1/15/09 0.0 0.1 1 69
FENNEL CREEK TOTAL: 17 136
LIVE DEAD
HYLEBOS
HYLEBOS
10.0006
10.0006
11/17/08
11/28/08 U 0.1
0.1
HYLEBOS CREEK
0.7
0.7
TOTAL:
1
0
1
LIVE
0
0
0
DEAD
RODY
RODY
RODY
RODY
RODY
10.0028
10.0028
10.0028
10.0028
10.0028
11/17/08
11/25/08
12/3/08
12/12/08
12/22/08
M 0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
9
RODY 10.0028 12/31/08 0.4 0.6 0 0
RODY 10.0028 1/15/09 0.4 0.6 0 0
RODY CREEK TOTAL: 1 13
LIVE DEAD
SALMON 10.0035 11/5/08 0.0 0.5 0 0

SALMON 10.0035 11/17/08 0.0 0.5 3 1
SALMON 10.0035 11/25/08 0.0 0.5 11 3

SALMON 10.0035 12/3/08 0.0 0.5 14 10

SALMON 10.0035 12/12/08 0.0 0.5 6 3
SALMON 10.0035 12/22/08 0.0 0.5 5 8
SALMON 10.0035 1/6/09 0.0 0.5 3 0
SALMON 10.0035 1/13/09 0.0 0.5 3 2
SALMON 10.0035 1/22/09 0.0 0.5 0 2
SALMON 10.0035 2/2/09 0.0 0.5 0 0
SALMON CREEK TOTAL: 45 29
LIVE DEAD
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 11/17/08 0.0 0.1 0 0

SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 11/25/08 0.0 0.1 3 73
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 12/3/08 0.0 0.1 10 54
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 12/12/08 0.0 0.1 23 32
C
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 12/22/08 0.0 0.1 15 16
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 1/6/09 0.0 0.1 12 29
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 1/13/09 0.0 0.1 4 13
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 1/22/09 0.0 0.1 9 3
SALMON TRIB. 10.0036 2/2/09 0.0 0.1 0 0
SALMON TRIB. TOTAL: 76 220
LIVE DEAD
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
SOUTH PRAIRIE
10.0429
10.0429
10.0429
10.0429
10.0429
11/19/08
11/25/08
11/26/08
12/4/08
12/9/08
H 0.0
0.0
6.0
0.0
6.0
8.0
6.0
10.2
8.0
10.2
375
518
431
525
241
14
27
52
253
232
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 12/11/08 0.0 6.0 177 69
U
SOUTH PRAIRI
PRAIRIE TOTAL: 2267 647
LIVE DEAD

SPIKETON 10.0453 11/14/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SPIKETON 10.0453 12/2/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SPIKETON 10.0453 12/30/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SPIKETON 10.0453 1/6/09 0.0 0.3 0 0
M
SPIKETON 10.0453 1/15/09 0.0 0.2 0 0
SPIKETON CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
SQUALLY 10.0024 11/17/08 0.0 0.2 0 0

SQUALLY 10.0024 11/25/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/3/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/12/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/22/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 12/31/08 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY 10.0024 1/15/09 0.0 0.2 0 0
SQUALLY CREEK TOTAL: 0 0
LIVE DEAD
SWAN 10.0003 11/17/08 0.3 1.3 9 0
SWAN 10.0003 11/25/08 0.3 1.3 3 7

SWAN 10.0003 12/3/08 0.3 1.3 34 24

SWAN 10.0003 12/12/08 0.3 1.3 47 38
SWAN 10.0003 12/22/08 0.3 1.3 12 22
SWAN 10.0003 1/15/09 0.3 1.3 0 0
SWAN CREEK TOTAL: 105 91
LIVE DEAD
WILKESON 10.0432 11/17/08 0.0 1.0 0 0

WILKESON 10.0432 11/24/08 0.0 1.0 10 2
WILKESON 10.0432 12/3/08 0.0 1.0 90 10
WILKESON 10.0432 12/9/08 0.0 1.0 62 15
WILKESON 10.0432 1/22/09 0.0 1.0 0 0
WILKESON CR. TOTAL: 162 27
LIVE DEAD
CHUM

PTF - 2009 STEELHEAD SURVEY DATA

UPPER
STREAM WRIA DATE LOWER R.M. R.M. LIVE DEAD REDDS
BOISE 10.0057 3/20/09 0.0 2.2 1 0 2
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 1
BOISE 10.0057 4/20/09 0.0 2.2 0 0 4
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 2
BOISE 10.0057 4/29/09 0.0 2.2 1 0 2
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 3
BOISE 10.0057 5/13/09 0.0 2.2 0 0 1
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 3
BOISE 10.0057 5/26/09 0.0 2.2 0 0 2
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 3
BOISE 10.0057 6/9/09 0.0 2.2 0 0 1
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 1
BOISE 10.0057 6/22/09 0.0 2.2 0 0 0
BOISE 10.0057 2.2 4.5 0 0 0
BOISE TOTAL 2 0 25
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 3/16/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0

CANYONFALLS 10.0410 3/26/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 4/7/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 4/17/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 4/27/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 5/4/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS 10.0410 5/19/09 0.3 0.6 0 0 0
CANYONFALLS TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CARBON 10.0413 3/30/09 0.0 9.5 1 0 3

CARBON 10.0413 5/1/09 0.0 23.0 0 0 0
CARBON TOTAL 1 0 3
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CLARKS 10.0027 3/16/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0

CLARKS 10.0027 3/26/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 4/7/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 4/17/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 4/27/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 5/4/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS 10.0027 5/19/09 3.4 3.7 0 0 0
CLARKS TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
CLEAR 10.0022 12/31/08 1.7 1.9 1 0 0

CLEAR 10.0022 3/16/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 3/26/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 4/7/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 4/17/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0

CLEAR 10.0022 4/27/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 5/4/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR 10.0022 5/19/09 1.7 1.9 0 0 0
CLEAR TOTAL 1 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
Surveys conducted by
WDFW
CLEARWATER 10.0080 4/16/09 0.0 3.7 0 0 2
CLEARWATER 10.0080 4/28/09 0.0 3.7 0 0 3
CLEARWATER TOTAL 0 0 5
LIVE DEAD REDDS
FENNEL 10.0406 3/16/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0

FENNEL 10.0406 3/26/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
FENNEL 10.0406 4/7/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
FENNEL 10.0406 4/17/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
FENNEL 10.0406 4/27/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 1
FENNEL 10.0406 5/4/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
FENNEL 10.0406 5/19/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0
FENNEL TOTAL 0 0 1
LIVE DEAD REDDS
FOX 10.0608 3/16/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0

FOX 10.0608 3/24/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
FOX 10.0608 4/24/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
FOX 10.0608 5/4/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
FOX 10.0608 5/19/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
FOX TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 3/23/09 0.0 3.2 0 0 2

KAPOWSIN 10.0600 4/16/09 0.0 3.2 0 0 0
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 4/28/09 0.0 3.2 0 0 0
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 5/13/09 0.0 3.2 0 0 1
KAPOWSIN 10.0600 6/9/09 0.0 3.2 0 0 0
KAPOWSIN TOTAL 0 0 3
LIVE DEAD REDDS
KELLOG 10.0621 3/19/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 0

KELLOG 10.0621 4/6/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 0
KELLOG 10.0621 4/16/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 0
KELLOG 10.0621 4/28/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 0
KELLOG 10.0621 5/28/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 3
KELLOG TOTAL 0 0 3
LIVE DEAD REDDS

LEDOUT 10.0620 3/19/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 0

LEDOUT 10.0620 4/6/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
LEDOUT 10.0620 4/16/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
LEDOUT 10.0620 4/28/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 0
LEDOUT 10.0620 5/28/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 1
LEDOUT TOTAL 0 0 1
LIVE DEAD REDDS
MEADOW 10.0630 4/7/09 0.0 0.5 0 0 0

MEADOW TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
MOWICH RIVER 10.0624 4/7/09 0.0 4.0 0 0 0

MOWICH RIVER TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
NIESSON 10.0622 3/19/09 0.0 2.0 0 0 0

NIESSON 10.0622 4/6/09 0.0 2.5 1 0 1
NIESSON 10.0622 4/16/09 0.0 2.5 0 0 2
NIESSON 10.0622 4/28/09 0.0 2.5 0 0 2
NIESSON 10.0622 5/28/09 0.0 2.5 0 0 9
NIESSON TOTAL 1 0 14
LIVE DEAD REDDS
LOWER PUYALLUP
PUYALLUP 10.0021 5/1/09 1 26.2 0 0 2
L. PUYALLUP TOTAL 0 0 2
LIVE DEAD REDDS
UPPER PUYALLUP
PUYALLUP 10.0021 3/19/09 36 41.7 0 0 1
PUYALLUP 10.0021 4/6/09 36 41.7 0 0 3
PUYALLUP 10.0021 4/16/09 36 41.7 0 0 1
PUYALLUP 10.0021 4/28/09 36 41.7 1 0 1
PUYALLUP 10.0021 5/1/09 26.2 55 0 0 0
U. PUYALLUP TOTAL 1 0 6
LIVE DEAD REDDS
RUSHINGWATER 10.0265 4/30/09 0.0 0.5 0 0 0

RUSHINGWATER TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
WDFW
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 3/10/09 0.0 8.0 0 0 0
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 3/19/09 0.0 12.6 1 0 6
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 4/24/09 0.0 8.0 4 0 10
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 4/27/09 8.0 12.6 2 0 9
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 5/4/09 0.0 8.0 1 1 14

SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 5/5/09 8.0 12.6 0 0 8

SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 5/22/09 0.3 8 0 0 8
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 5/27/09 8 12.6 0 0 3
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 6/4/09 0.3 12.6 1 0 10
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 6/11/09 0.3 10.2 0 0 2
SOUTH PRAIRIE 10.0429 6/25/09 10.2 12.6 0 0 1
SOUTH PRAIRIE TOTAL 9 1 71
LIVE DEAD REDDS
SWAN 10.0003 3/16/09 0.0 0.7 0 0 0

SWAN 10.0003 3/26/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 4/7/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 4/17/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 4/27/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 5/4/09 0.0 2.8 0 0 0
SWAN 10.0003 5/19/09 0.0 1.0 0 0 0
SWAN TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
SWIFT 10.0697 4/30/09 0.0 0.3 0 0 0

SWIFT TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
VOIGHTS 10.0414 3/23/09 0.5 3.4 0 0 1

VOIGHTS 10.0414 4/24/09 0.5 3.4 0 0 3
VOIGHTS 10.0414 5/4/09 0.5 3.4 0 0 4
VOIGHTS 10.0414 5/13/09 0.5 3.4 0 0 0
VOIGHTS 10.0414 5/27/09 0.5 3.4 0 0 0
VOIGHTS TOTAL 0 0 8
LIVE DEAD REDDS
WHITE RIVER 10.0031 5/1/09 0 24.3 0 0 0

WHITE RIVER TOTAL 0 0 0
LIVE DEAD REDDS
WDFW
WILKESON 10.0432 3/12/09 0.0 6 0 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 3/23/09 0.0 6.1 0 0 1
WILKESON 10.0432 4/27/09 3.0 6.1 0 0 1
WILKESON 10.0432 4/28/09 0.0 3.0 0 0 3
WILKESON 10.0432 5/4/09 3.0 6.1 0 0 0
WILKESON 10.0432 5/5/09 0.0 3.0 0 0 2
WILKESON 10.0432 5/22/09 0.0 6.1 0 0 1
WILKESON 10.0432 6/9/09 0.0 6.1 0 0 0
WILKESON TOTAL 0 0 8
Helicopter Flight LIVE DEAD REDDS
Redd totals do not include redds observed above RM 24.3 (Buckley) on the White River
LIVE DEAD REDDS
STEELHEAD SURVEY TOTALS: 15 1 145

2008
2008--2009
ADULT AND JUVENILE
FISH PLANTS AND RELEASES
APPENDIX E
Adult Chinook
Date Location WRIA River Mile Males Females Jacks TOTAL
01-Oct-08 North Fork Puyallup 10.0699 0.2 148 157 5 310
03-Oct-08 Deer Creek 10.0685 0.5 117 132 3 252
Adult Coho
Date Location WRIA River Mile Males Females Jacks TOTAL
Oct-30-08 North Fork Puyallup 10.0699 0.2 323 277 18 618
Nov-4-08 Niesson 10.0622 2 656
Nov-5-08 Deer Creek 10.0685 0.5 697
Nov-6-08 Ohop 10.0600 2.5 399
Nov-6-08 Rushingwater 10.0625 2 265
Juveniles
SPECIES Chum
DATE (F) Stream WRIA Number of Fish
21-Feb-09 Puget Creek 12.0002A 50,000
18-Mar-09 Hylebos Creek 10.0014 101,388
27-Mar-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 100,258
2-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 762,592
3-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 104,776
3-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 109,685
17-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 505,000
17-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 100,000
27-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 108,000
27-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 110,500
27-Apr-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 270,294
11-May-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 200,000
11-May-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 110,107
29-May-09 Diru Creek 10.0029 57,600
Total: 2,690,200
SPECIES Fall Chinook
DATE (V) Stream WRIA Number of Fish
26-May-09 Clarks Creek 10.0027 499,350
26-May-09 Clarks Creek 10.0027 499,500
27-May-09 Clarks Creek 10.0027 540,127
27-May-09 Hylebos Creek 10.0006 20,243
Total: 1,559,220
SPECIES Spring Chinook
DATE (V) Stream WRIA Number of Fish
26-Mar-09 Greenwater River 10.0122 115,600
2-Jun-09 Greenwater A.P. 100122 830,996
23-May-09 Huck Army A.P. 100253 382,300
1-Jun-09 Cowskull 10.0680 181,386
1-Jun-09 Rushingwater 10.0625 133,486
Total: 1,643,768
SPECIES Coho
DATE (V) Location WRIA Number of Fish
Lake Kapowsin 10.0600 Total: 21,000


Puyallup Tribal Fisheries 2008-2009 Annual Salmon, Steelhead, and Bull Trout Report (Main Body)

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Puyallup Tribal Fisheries 2008-2009 Annual Salmon, Steelhead, and Bull Trout Report (Main Body)

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WRIA 10: PUYALLUP/WHITE RIVER WATERSHED

number of chum salmon being able to access Boise

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

1.5. Boise has

Boise Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Boise Creek Coho Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

2009 Boise Creek Steelhead Spawning Ground Counts

Boise Creek Steelhead Redd Counts Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

Redd locations for Boise Creek steelhead can found in Appendix C.

bers of salmonids, which has been invaluable tool

WHITE RIVER hoisted to a tanker truck,, and fish are released

Chinook Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1941-

5 year old, 6 year old, 5 year old, Jacks, 29,

Jacks, 48 5 year Jacks, 12,

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Coho Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1941-

Bull Trout Transported Above Mud Mountain Dam (1999-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

spring and summer for juvenile Chinook, steelhead,

the lower Puyallup, including Canyon Creek.

C anyon Creek is a small tributary within the

The Clear Creek Basin drains the plateaus

Canyon Creek Chum Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2001-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

rock was distributed along an approximately 0.2

CREEK 10.0410 Puyallup Tribe and Fennel Resources which has a

Canyonfalls Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1997-

Canyonfalls Creek Coho Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999

Canyonfalls Creek Chum Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (2001-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Carbon River Drainage

Carbon River Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1991-

Carbon River Steelhead Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1995-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

The anadromous reach of Clarks is a low gra-

CLARKS dient spring-fed stream (Maplewood Springs) with a

CREEK 10.0027 spawning opportunities for all species; however, up-

Clarks Creek Chinook Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1994

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Clarks Creek Coho Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1993-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Clarks Creek Chum Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1991-

2,500 2,067 DEAD

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

cfs. Each of the four ponds has approximately

Salmon Hatchery niles, while the other two are natural

Puyallup Tribe of Indians In addition, the Puyallup Tribe operates seven

Clarks Creek salmon hatchery

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

2008 Fall Chinook Return @ Clarks Creek Hatchery

250 242 Jacks

Clarks Creek Salmon Hatchery Fall Chinook Rack Return (2005-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Clarks Creek Hatchery Fall Chinook Salmon Smolt Releases (2004-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

high density of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundi-

CLEAR CREEK nacea) and other vegetation (watercress) chokes ap-

PUYALLUP TRIBAL FISHERIES

Clear Creek Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Seasonal Comparisons (1999-

LIVE DEAD REDDS