L

:
L

a
I
.

VESSEL
WEIGHT
(LBS)

D
(IN)

(1:)

.&

R
(IN)

H
(IN)

L
(IN)

WELD
(Min)

12,000

~/~

1v?

10

20,000

1%

3/4

10

30,000

1%

2Y8

10

co
.-_
&J~
~.=
gL
&s

50,000

1%

1%

2YI

12

25

70,000

2%

3Y2

12

100,000

2Y?

172

4Y2

16

150,000

11/4

10

16

200,000

12

18

250,000

4%

6Yz

13

18

300,000

4fi

2
21/!

14

20

.5 ~
%b=
EL
as
=5
~ ~

Notes:
1. All dimensionsare in inches
2. The design is based on conditions:
a. x = 45 maximum
b. Minimumtensile strengthof lug material 70,000 psi.
c. Direction of force is in the plane of lugs.
e
buckling due to normal or sudden
3, U wear plate ifs necessary to eliminate
loading.

LIFTINGATTACHMENTS

f-h

MINIMUMDIMENSIONSOF LIFTINGLUGSUSINGSHACKLE
Sh~~kle HoIe
Diam.
Di~m. m Lug
D1

~~;d

Sheared
Edge
H

5/16
3/8
7/16
I

. J-

282(-)I
SIR
-

I
1

/,- ,
.,117
- I1
- ,-

11300
13400

7/$?

21A
II
-I
11

22
42
72 3
1
3

.[>

I
I

cl?
.OL

-.94

1.13

L .90

1.22
1.47

1 la

1 cc

1-1/4
IQ
1-2
A
u

1-1/2
1-5/8
1 9 1A
1-d/+
506
0
-

..<

1.72

1 .U2

1L

1.75
1.88

2.28
2.45

2
- 2
2 01 - 02/
2 01 - 02/
2 0 / - 02
0
0
3-1;8
.

1
3
5
7

. 2/
4 . 3/
2 . 3/
4. 31 .

1/0

8 1-1/8

I
1

4-1\+

a - /. ,

2-5/8
2-7/8
A . ,- >-l/ 1

u-l/

./

1
-1

718

1-1/4
1-1/2

1-1/8
1-1/4

16500 1-3[8
20000 1-1/2
23750 1-518
32350
2
4
5
6
8
.

.69u /

:
7/8

6375

.4U
Al
.U4

Arm of
Mo~ent

710
1060
1600
-%/

Rdl;d
cut

1.44
. -1.75
:
2.12

1
1-118
m
I

1-3175

-1
.

Z.Y4

I
I 3.06

1--!LB 13.62
2 II4.06
.

ei l ni

2 1
4 5- 9 2 3 -34 / 5
6- 3
31 35 /
1
- 6 39
/ -66
1 1
5- 48 2 / 1A 12
7.
.
5-7/;6
;:;f : I 8:
l

82 . 3
85 . 4
88 . 4
89 .

A d

s ni

oc nl hs

s n

. 3
.4
.8
.6
Q
.

6
/
/

120
LIFTINGATTACHMENTS
(cont.)
RECOMMENDED
MATERIAL: A 515-70, A 302 or equivalent. The thickness,
and length of the lifting lug shall be determined by calculation.
WELD: When fillet welds are used, it is recommended that throat areas be at
least 50 per cent greater than the cross sectional area of the lug.
To design the lugs the entire load should be assumed to act on one lug.
All possible directionsof loadingshould be considered(during shipment,storage,
erection, handling.) When two or more lugs are used for multileg sling, the am
gle between each leg of the slingand the horizontal should be assumedto be 30
degrees.
EYE - BOLT

r
w

Threaded fasteners smaller

than 5/8 diameter should
not be used for lifting
because of the danger of
overtorquingduringassembly.
Commercial eyebolts are
supplied with a rated breaking strength in the X
direction.
For loadingsother than along
the axis of the eyebolt, the
following ratings are recommended. Theseare expressed
as percentage of the rating
in the axialdirection.
100%0 Y = 33%
20% w = 10%
z=

EXAMPLE:
An eyeboit of 1 in. diameter which is good for 4960 lb. load in tension(direction
x) can carryonly 4960x 0.33 = 1637lb. load if it acts in directiony.
The abovedimensionsandrecommendationsare takenfromC. V.Moore:Designing
Lifting Attachments,Machine Design, March 18, 1965.

Assuming shear load only thru the minimum section, the required thickneas
may be calculated by the formula:
R
I

P
t = 2S (R-DIP)

see page

where

t = required thickness of lug, in.

P = load, Ibs.
S = allowable shear stress, psi.

for designofweldand lengthofW.

121
SAFELOADSFOR ROPESANDCHAINS

The stress in ropes and chains under load is increasing with the reduction of the
angle between the sling and the horizontal. Thus the maximum allowable safe
load shall be reduced proportionally to the increased stress.
If the ailowable load for a single vertical rope is divided by the cosecant of the
angle between one side of the rope and the horizontal, the result will indicate
the allowable load on one side of the inclined sling.
Example:
The allowable load for a rope in vertical position is 8000 lb. If the rope applied
to an angle of 30 degrees, in this position the allowable load on one side will be
8000/cosecant 30 deg. = 8000/2 = 40001b.
Forthetwo-rope
sling the total
allowable load 2 times 4000 = 8000 lb. The table shows the load-bearing capacity
of ropes and chains in different positions. Multiplying with the factors shovm in
the table the allowable load for a certain rope or chain, the product will indicate
the allowable load in inclined position.

FACTORSTO CALCULATESAFELOADSFOR ROPESANDCHAINS

&

Angle of
Inclination

9(30

600

450

300

1(-JO

On One
End

1.00

0.85

0.70

0.50

0.17

On Two
Ends

1.70

1.40

1.00

0.34

-rd7

FOR STRUCTURALMEMBERS
subjectedto bendingmoment,in2

~
= Length of weld, in.
W
f = A l l l o ow w$o b9 elk ae
p m .l
e eg
a
rr
= B
e m n o d k mi
en i ng

V
e sr
thk i e c i aa l r p ,
= F
wi
l l d e i l m eiel n ts i d o
l ~i .=ddL n op , f o 6 wi s k al e p l li d e nd
e
a
l
ii
o nw n e
ea c
l l h
t ps , = Avera se vertical shear on fillet
V =

weld, Eips per lin. inch of weld

w~ = Bending force on weld, kips per

P = Allowable concentrated axial

?
w

BENDING

VERTICAL SHE,AR

COMPRESSION

RESULTANT FORCE: W = ~W,2 + W22+ W32

EXAMPLE #1
Determine the required size of fillet weld. The length of the weld is all around 8.5
inches and the tensional load 20 kips.
20,000 Ibs.
~ . -P- . 20
=
8.5
A,,,

2.35 kips per lin. in.

o
w

w =
=

0.24; use X fillet weld

EXAMPLE #2
Determine the required size of fillet weld. The length of the weld 12 inches (6 each
side) and the load 9 kips.
& 62
Section modulus, (from table) SW= ~= ~= 12 in
9,000 lbs
3
M 3x9
= 2.25 kips per lin. inch
Bending Force, ~ =
12
w

Shear ForceW, = ~W= ~ = 0.75kips per lin. inch

Resultantforce, W =<W~2 + WJ2 =
d

+ 0

kips per lin. inch.

W
2.37
Fillet weld size, w = = = .247; use K fillet weld
f
9.6