Supporting systems

linearly supported local edge supports local points supports structural silicone
(i.e. pressure caps) (clamps)
(point fixing)
sealant - i.e. 2
sides

support pad
drainage

>20 [mm]

separating layer,
i.e. neoprene

~50 to 80

hinge

min t = 6

~10 to 20

frame

~20 to 40

i.e. DC 993

Supporting systems

80
12

2000

20

1000

4000

1000

Example of locally clamped triple faade, outer glazing

panel

separating layer,
EPDM
self-weight

150

toughened glass

1150

1150

150

clamp detail

2600

Local point supports

Enhanced countersunk fixing spider
threaded backing washer enable to bolt to be installed with
predetermined torque
flexible washers allow the bolt to rotate relatively to the brackets
liner

soft neoprene washer

to allow rotation

fibre washer

backing
washer

steel washer
pig-nosed nut hand tight
and glued
3

Local point supports

Local point supports
load distribution

allowance of movement of
pin within sub-structure

fix

self-weight

section of point support with

hinge and wide hole

slot

wide
wide slot
hole
slot

pin

wide
spider

wind load

low-friction
material

Local point supports

point fixing must ensure restraint-free support in-plane and outof-plane of glass pane

IN-PLANE of glazing

connection elements (spider) accommodate construction tolerances

between sub-structure and glass pane

elements tolerate temperature movement

fittings allow adjustment at least 10mm

fixed support

vertical
support

free support

system of fixed, vertical and free supports for restraint-free

accommodation

Local point supports

Deformations due to major loads can
cause a change in angle between the
glass and its suspension points local
stress around the hole

Left: bending forces can be

created in the glass

Right: special bolt bending

forces are carried into the
support
7

Local point supports

OUT-OF-PLANE of glazing

restraint-free, statically determinate

support out-of-plane is provided by
articulating fixing

hinge in or on the glass

the greater distance between the hinge

or elastomeric joint and the plane of
glass pane, the greater are imposed
strains from eccentricity of joint

greater imposed strains thicker glass

rigid connection leads to high local

hinge outside the glass

stress peaks

rigid non-hinged glass

support
8

Local point supports

Articulated bolts
bolt with spherical bearing surface instead of standard bolt head
spherical surface is seated in a bearing cup which is set into the
glass

bolt is able to accommodate greater rotational movement of the

glass relative to the glazing support attachment
spherical
bearing

liner

locking washer

Glazing support attachments

Angle brackets

shims

adjustment

A) angle bracket directly welded to

support structure

simplest form of attachment

adjustment is possible between only in one
direction

adjustment

B) welded cleat and bolted angle bracket

adjustment is possible between the angle

and the cleat in one, two or three direction by

slotted or oversized holes + shims or

adjustment spacers

between cleat and angel bracket amount of

packing = can be increased or decreased
A) welded
angle bracket

B) welded cleat and

bolted angle bracket

cleats = spring plates because the ability to flex about narrow axis
10

Glazing support attachments

Spiders

shims

A) Single brackets
commonly locate onto single threaded stud or bolt
adjustment parallel to plane of glazing is provided by sliding or
serrated details
shims or spacers can be used for out-of-plane adjustment
Increased or decreased amount of packing accommodate the
tolerances

serrated face for vertical

adjustment

adjustment
adjustment
11

Glazing support attachments

B) Paired bracket
commonly attached to cleats
provide relatively high level of adjustment in the plane of the cleat
shims between brackets and the fin allow adjustment perpendicular
to the plane of fin = this can vary distances between brackets and
hence width of joints between glazing panels

shims
adjustment

adjustment
12

Glazing support attachments

20mm diameter
hole in glass

50mm diameter

6mm thick steel

spreader plate

1mm thick non

compressible
fibre gasket
10mm toughened
glass
1mm thick non
compressible
fibre gasket
6mm thick steel
spreader plate
attached to structure
M10 bolt torque
to 30Nm

nylon or hard
plastic bush
2-3mm thick
13

Glazing support attachments

14

Glazing support attachments

15

Panouri rezemate pe 2, 3, 4
sau mai multe laturi

Panouri rezemate in 4 sau mai

multe puncte
16

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