Design of Cantilever Retaining Wall

h5

Created by: David Taylor

UMKC SCE
3 ksi
Senior Design
60 ksi
4000 psf

Given:
f'c=
fy=
qa=

h1

h2

19

feet

2.5

feet

soil=
h1=
h2=
h3=
h4=
h5=
=
=
Surcharge=
Freeze depth=
Ca=
Cp=

h3

h4

100
2.5
1.5
8.5
12.5
1
31
0.5
300
5
0.32
3.12

psf
feet
feet
feet
feet
feet
(friction coeff)
psf
feet (make sure you can meet this)

1.1 Estimate Footing length and stem position

a=

688 lb

H1 =

7398 lb

H2 =
W=
X=
Lfooting=

2065 lb
2150X
8.36 feet
12.55 feet

(distance from heel to face of stem)

1.2 Overturning Moment

Overturning Moment
MH1= 53021.04

Moverturn=

MH2= 22194.85
Righting Moment
Force
Moment Arm
W 1=
4688 lb
* 6.3 ft
=
W 2=
713 lb
* 2.8 ft
=

75215.89 ft lb

Moment
29296.88 ft-lb
1959.375 ft-lb

W 3=
W 4=

2850 lb

* 3.5 ft

9975 ft-lb

18700 lb

* 8.3 ft

154275 ft-lb

Rv=

26950 lb

MRighting =

195506 ft-lb

Safety Factor against overturning

=
2.60 >2.0 => OKAY
Safety Factor against sliding
=
2.98 >1.5 => OKAY
*Assumes soils on both sides are the same

2.1 Footing Soil Pressures

Rv=

26950 lb located @ x distance from the toe of footing

x=

4.46 ft
*Verify that it is in the middle third of footing

ftoe=

-4004.85 psf

fheel=

-307.15 psf

3 Stem Design
3.1 Design of stem for moment
Mu=
86.28 ft-k
*Using a load factor of 1.6 with forces
=
0.009 *
* Find the equilalent Mu/bd^2 from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"

MU

bd 2

482.6 psi
bd2= 2383.798

*assume b= 12

h=
16.59 in
ROUND UP to next best number
h=
18 in
(d= 15.5 in)

Therefore,

MU

bd 2

399.04

0.0073 *
* Find the equilalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"
2
=>
As=
1.3578 in
Use #8 @ 6"
(1.57 in^2)
3.2 Minimum Vertical =
(ACI 318 sect. 14.3)
3.3 Minimum Horiz. As=

0.0015 OKAY
2
0.45 in

*Assume one third inside face and two-thirds are outside face.
USE #4 @ 7.5" outside face and #4 @ 15" inside face.
3.4 Checking Shear Stress in Stem
Vu=
12163.76 lbs
Vc= 15281.4594 lbs

=> Therefore, OKAY Vc>Vu

4 Footing Design
4.1 Design of Heel
*The upward soil pressure is conservatively neglected, and a load factor of 1.2 is used for calculating the shear and
moment because soil and concrete make up the load. Assume d = footing depth - 3.5"

Vu=

24735 lb

Vc=

26126.366 lb

=> Therefore, OKAY Vc>Vu

Mu at the face of stem =

MU

bd 2
=

105124 ft-lb

166
[min=0.0033]

0.00333 *

* Find the equilalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"
Using ,
2

1.06 in /ft
=>
Use #9 @ 11"
d required calculated with ACI Equation 12-1 for #9 top bars with c=2.50 in. and Ktr = 0 is 49 in. <
81 in. available.
Note: Temperature and shrinkage steel is normally considered unnecessary in the heel and toe.
However, #4 bars @ 18" in. O/C in the long direction are used to serve as spacers for the flexural
steel and to from mats out of the reinforcing.
As=

4.2 Design of Toe

* For service loads, the soil pressures previously determined (in sect. 2.1) are multiplied by 1.6 by a load factor of 1.6
because they are primarily caused by lateral forces.

Vu=

1281.55

5598.157 =

Mu at the face of stem =

MU

bd 2
=

6880 lb

6801 ft-lb

285.2
0.00512 *

[min=0.0033]

* Find the equilalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"
Using ,
2

1.63 in /ft
=>
Use #9 @ 6"
d required calculated with ACI Equation 12-1 for #9 top bars with c=2.50 in. and Ktr = 0 is 38 in. <
48 in. available.
As=

4.3 Selection of Dowels and Lengths of Vertical Stem Reinforcing

Distance from top of
stem (ft)
5
10
15
19

Mu (ft-lb)
2987.589
16218.34
46094.23
86281.57

Effective
stem d
(in.)
11.08
12.66
14.24
15.50

Mu/bd2
24.34
101.22
227.42
359.13

0.0033
0.0033
0.00388
0.00648

As req'd
(in2/ft)

Bars
needed

0.44 #8@ 18"

0.50 #8 @ 18"
0.66 #8 @ 12"
1.21 #8 @ 6"