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InfoCube
Definition
An object that can function as both a data target and an InfoProvider.
From a reporting point of view, an InfoCube describes a self-contained dataset, for example, of a
business-orientated area. This dataset can be evaluated in a BEx query.
An InfoCube is a quantity of relational tables arranged according to the star schema: A large fact
table in the middle surrounded by several dimension tables.
Use
InfoCubes are supplied with data from one or more InfoSources or ODS objects (Basic InfoCube)
or with data from a different system (RemoteCube, SAP RemoteCube, virtual InfoCube with
Services, transactional InfoCube).
Structure
There are various types of InfoCube:
1.
Physical data stores:
Basic InfoCubes
Transactional InfoCubes
2. Virtual data stores:
RemoteCube
SAP RemoteCube
Virtual InfoCube with Services
Only Basic InfoCubes and transactional InfoCubes physically contain data in the database. Virtual
InfoCubes are only logical views of a dataset. By definition, they are not data targets. However, the
InfoCube type is of no importance from the reporting perspective, since an InfoCube is accessed as
an InfoProvider.

Integration
You can access the characteristics and key figures defined for an InfoCube in the Query Definition
in the BEx Web or in the BEx Analyzer.
Basic InfoCube
Definition
A Basic InfoCube is a type of InfoCube that physically stores data. It is filled with data using BW
Staging. Afterwards, it can be used as an InfoProvider in BEx Reporting.
Structure
As with other InfoCube types, the structure of a Basic InfoCube corresponds to the Star Schema.
For more information, see InfoCube
Integration
The Basic InfoCube is filled using the Scheduler, providing that Update Rules have been
maintained.
It is then made available to Reporting as an InfoProvider. It can also be updated into additional data
targets or build a MultiProvider together with other data targets.
Transactional InfoCubes
Definition
Transactional InfoCubes differ from Basic InfoCubes in their ability to support parallel write
accesses. Basic InfoCubes are technically optimized for read accesses to the detriment of write
accesses.
Use
Transactional InfoCubes are used in connection with the entry of planning data. See also Overview
of Planning with BW-BPS. The data from this kind of InfoCube is accessed transactionally,
meaning data is written to the InfoCube (possibly by several users at the same time). Basic
InfoCubes are not suitable for this. You should use Basic InfoCubes for read-only access (for
example, when reading reference data).
Structure
Transactional InfoCubes can be filled with data using two different methods: Using the transaction
of BW-BPS to enter planning data and using BW staging, whereas planning data then cannot be
loaded simultaneously. You have the option to convert a transactional Info Cube Select Convert
Transactional InfoCube using the context menu in your transactional InfoCube in the InfoProvider
tree. By default, Transaction Cube Can Be Planned, Data Loading Not Permitted is selected. Switch
this setting to Transactional Cube Can Be Loaded With Data; Planning Not Permitted if you want
to fill the cube with data via BW Staging.
During entry of planning data, the data is written to a transactional InfoCube data request. As soon
as the number of records in a data request exceeds a threshold value, the request is closed and a
rollup is carried out for this request in defined aggregates (asynchronously). You can still rollup and
define aggregates, collapse, and so on, as before.
According to the database on which they are based, transactional InfoCubes differ from Basic
InfoCubes in the way they are indexed and partitioned. For an Oracle DBMS this means, for
example, no bitmap index for the fact table and no partitioning (initiated by SAP BW) of the fact
table according to the package dimensions.
Reduced read-only performance is accepted as a drawback of transactional InfoCubes, in the face of
the parallel (transactional) writing option and improved write performance.
Creating a transactional InfoCube
Select the Transactional indicator when creating a new (Basis) InfoCube in the Administrator
Workbench.
Converting a basic InfoCube into a transactional InfoCube
InfoCube conversion: Removing transaction data
If the Basic InfoCube already contains transaction data that you no longer need (for example, test
data from the implementation phase of the system), proceed as follows:
1.
In the InfoCube maintenance in the Administrator Workbench choose, from the main menu,

InfoCube Delete Data Content. The transaction data is deleted and the InfoCube is set to
"inactive".
2.
Continue with the same procedure as with creating a transactional InfoCube.
InfoCube conversion: retaining transaction data
If the Basic InfoCube already contains transaction data from the production operation you still need,
proceed as follows:
Execute the SAP_CONVERT_TO_TRANSACTIONAL ABAP report under the name of the
corresponding InfoCube. You should schedule this report as a background job for InfoCubes with
more than 10,000 data records. This is to avoid a potentially long run-time.
Integration
The following typical scenarios arise for the use of transactional InfoCubes in BW-BPS.
1st Scenario:
Actual data (read-only access) and planned data (read-only and write access) have to be held in
different InfoCubes. Therefore, use a Basic InfoCube for actual data and a transactional InfoCube
for planned data. Data integration is achieved using a multi-planning area that contains the areas
that are assigned to the InfoCubes. Access to the two different InfoCubes is controlled here by the
characteristic "Planning area", which is added automatically.
2nd Scenario:
In this scenario, the planned and actual data have to be together in one InfoCube. This is the case,
for example, with special rolling forecast variants. Here you have to use a transactional InfoCube,
since both read-only and write accesses take place. You can no longer load data directly that has
already arrived in the InfoCube by means of an upload or import source. To be able to load data
nevertheless, you have to make a copy of the transactional InfoCube that is identified as a Basic
InfoCube and not as transactional. Data is loaded as usual here and subsequently updated to the
transactional InfoCube.
RemoteCube
Definition
A RemoteCube is an InfoCube whose transaction data is not managed in the Business Information
Warehouse but externally. Only the structure of the RemoteCube is defined in BW. The data is read
for reporting using a BAPI from another system.
Use
Using a RemoteCube, you can carry out reporting using data in external systems without having to
physically store transaction data in BW. You can, for example, include an external system from
market data providers using a RemoteCube.
By doing this, you can reduce the administrative work on the BW side and also save memory space.
Structure
When reporting using a RemoteCube, the Data Manager, instead of using a BasicCube filled with
data, calls the RemoteCube BAPI and transfers the parameters.
Selection
Characteristics
Key figures
As a result, the external system transfers the requested data to the OLAP Processor.
Integration
To report using a RemoteCube you have to carry out the following steps:
1.
In BW, create a source system for the external system that you want to use.
2.
Define the required InfoObjects.
3.
Load the master data:
Create a master data InfoSource for each characteristic
Load texts and attributes
4.
Define the RemoteCube
5.
Define the queries based on the RemoteCube
SAP RemoteCube

Definition
An SAP RemoteCube is a RemoteCube that allows the definition of queries with direct access to
transaction data in other SAP systems.
Use
Use SAP RemoteCubes if:
You need very up-to-date data from an SAP source system
You only access a small amount of data from time to time
Only a few users execute queries simultaneously on the database.
Do not use SAP RemoteCubes if:
You request a large amount of data in the first query navigation step, and no appropriate aggregates
are available in the source system
A lot of users execute queries simultaneously
You frequently access the same data
Structure
SAP RemoteCubes are defined based on an InfoSource with flexible updating. They copy the
characteristics and key figures of the InfoSource. Master data and hierarchies are not read directly
in the source system. They are already replicated in BW when you execute a query.
The transaction data is called during execution of a query in the source system. During this process,
the selections are provided to the InfoObjects if the transformation is only simple mapping of the
InfoObject. If you have specified a constant in the transfer rules, the data is transferred only if this
constant can be fulfilled. With more complex transformations such as routines or formulas, the
selections cannot be transferred. It takes longer to read the data in the source system because the
amount of data is not limited. To prevent this you can create an inversion routine for every transfer
routine. Inversion is not possible with formulas, which is why SAP recommends that you use
formulas instead of routines.
Integration
To be assigned to an SAP RemoteCube, a source system must meet the following requirements:
BW Service API functions (contained in the SAP R/3 plug-in) are installed.
The Release status of the source system is at least 4.0B
In BW, a source system ID has been created for the source system
DataSources from the source system that are released for direct access are assigned to the
InfoSource of the SAP RemoteCube. There are active transfer rules for these combinations.
Virtual InfoCubes with Services
Definition
A virtual InfoCube with services is an InfoCube that does not physically store its own data in BW.
The data source is a user-defined function module. You have a number of options for defining the
properties of the data source more precisely. Depending on these properties, the data manager
provides services to convert the parameters and data.
Use
You use a virtual InfoCube with services if you want to display data from non-BW data sources in
BW without having to copy the data set into the BW structures. The data can be local or remote.
You can also use your own calculations to change the data before it is passed to the OLAP
processor.
This function is used primarily in the SAP Strategic Enterprise Management (SEM) application.
In comparison to the RemoteCube, the virtual InfoCube with services is more generic. It offers
more flexibility, but also requires more implementation effort.
Structure
When you create an InfoCube you can specify the type. If you choose Virtual InfoCube with
Services as the type for your InfoCube, an extra Detail pushbutton appears on the interface. This
pushbutton opens an additional dialog box, in which you define the services.
1.
Enter the name of the function module that you want to use as the data source for the virtual
InfoCube. There are different default variants for the interface of this function module. One method

for defining the correct variant, together with the description of the interfaces, is given at the end of
this documentation.
2. The next step is to select options for converting/simplifying the selection conditions. You do
this by selecting the Convert Restrictions option. These conversions only change the transfer table
in the user-defined function module. The result of the query is not changed because the restrictions
that are not processed by the function module are checked later in the OLAP processor.
Options:
No restrictions: If this option is selected, no restrictions are passed to the InfoCube.
Only global restrictions: If this option is selected, only global restrictions (FEMS = 0) are passed to
the function module. Other restrictions (FEMS > 0) that are created, for example, by setting
restrictions on columns in queries, are deleted.
Simplify selections: Currently this option is not yet implemented.
Expand hierarchy restrictions: If this option is selected, restrictions on hierarchy nodes are
converted into the corresponding restrictions on the characteristic value.
3.
Pack RFC: This option packs the parameter tables in BAPI format before the function module
is called and unpacks the data table that is returned by the function module after the call is
performed. Since this option is only useful in conjunction with a remote function call, you have to
define a logical system that is used to determine the target system for the remote function call, if
you select this option.
4.
SID support: If the data source of the function module can process SIDs, you should select
this option.
If this is not possible, the characteristic values are read from the data source and the data manager
determines the SIDs dynamically. In this case, wherever possible, restrictions that are applied to
SID values are converted automatically into the corresponding restrictions for the characteristic
values.
5. With navigation attributes: If this option is selected, navigation attributes and restrictions
applied to navigation attributes are passed to the function module.
If this option is not selected, the navigation attributes are read in the data manager once the userdefined function module has been executed. In this case, in the query, you need to have selected the
characteristics that correspond to these attributes. Restrictions applied to the navigation attributes
are not passed to the function module in this case.
6.
Internal format (key figures): In SAP systems a separate format is often used to display
currency key figures. The value in this internal format is different from the correct value in that the
decimal places are shifted. You use the currency tables to determine the correct value for this
internal representation.
If this option is selected, the OLAP processor incorporates this conversion during the calculation.
Dependencies
If you use a remote function call, SID support must be switched off and the hierarchy restrictions
must be expanded.
Description of the interfaces for user-defined function modules
Variant 1: Variant 2:
Additional parameters for variant 2 for transferring hierarchy restrictions, if they are not expanded:
With hierarchy restrictions, an entry for the 'COMPOP' = 'HI' (for hierarchy) field is created at the
appropriate place in table I_T_RANGE (for FEMS 0) or I_TX_RANGETAB (for FEMS > 0), and
the 'LOW' field contains a number that can be used to read the corresponding hierarchy restriction
from table I_TSX_HIER, using field 'POSIT' . Table i_tsx_hier has the following type:
Variant 3:
SAP advises against using this interface.
The interface is intended for internal use only and only half of it is given here.
Note that SAP may change the structures used in the interface.
Method for determining the correct variant for the interface
The following list describes the procedure for determining the correct interface for the user-defined

function module. Go through the list from top to the bottom. The first appropriate case is the variant
that you should use:
If Pack RFC is activated: Variant 1
If SID Support is deactivated: Variant 2