TABLE 4.

8 CONSTRUCTION COST OF WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION

TECHNOLOGIES
Water supply Technologies

Construction Costs per Capita per Person

Served
$3-200 U.S
$10-60 U.S
Construction Costs per Capita per Person
Served
$5-100 U.S
$25- 300 U.S

Protect well
Bore hole with Hand pump
Sanitation Technologies
Simple Pit latrine
VIP latrine
Table 4.7

Comparison of Water Supply and Sanitation Coverages in

the Village of Gouansolo, Rural Mali, Rural Africa, and the Rural World
Village of Gouansolo
Rural of Mali
Rural Africa
Rural World

% water Supply Coverage

48
61
47
71

% Sanitation Coverage
91
58
45
38

Table 4.6 Village Needs Assessment Responses

Need Expressed
Maternity
Latrine
Health care Centre
Road
Well
Bottom well repair
School
Large diameter garden well
Top well repair
Large diameter well for Djinkoo
Metal roof for house
Live stock
Bore hole pump
Motorized pump for water garden
Fencing for garden
Farming tools and equipments
Carts
Sullage drainage at bore hole pump
Cement latrine
Training in water treatment
House

Number of House holds Expressing Need

25
20
19
14
10
10
10
6
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1

Fencing for animals

4.5 Types of Water Sources and Reported Problems

Types of water Source

Not improved Traditional
well

Problem
During hot season well
dries up and water is not
good

Number of Times Reported

3

2
Bottom of well eroded
1
Improved Traditional well

Top of well eroded

During hot season well
dries up and water is not
good
Bottom of well eroded
Wellhead eroded
Worms occasional
present in water
Top of well eroded
Water dirty from debris
falling into well
During rainy season
runoff water enter well
and water is not good
Lack of cover
Water is dirty
Water does not taste
good

Modem well
Borehole Pump

Too many user

Children throw things
into well
No problem reported

Table 4.4 Distances in Mete rs Traveled by Households that Collect Drinking Water
from a Different Source

House Hold
ID Number
1

Distance to
Drinking
Water Source
18

Type of
Drinking
Water Source
Bore hole
Pump

Distance to
Other Water
Source
22

40

Bore hole
pump

22

43

Bore hole
pump

12

47

Bore hole
pump

12

29

37

Bore hole
pump

12

32

92

Bore hole
pump

13

36

120

Bore hole
pump

40

97

Bore hole
pump

52

41

80

Bore hole
pump

33

42

127

Bore hole
pump

18

43

130

Bore hole
pump

17

45

125

Bore hole
pump

63

12

18

Improved
Traditional
Well

10

16

40

13

28

28

Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional

28

Type of other Difference

Water Source in Distance
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Improved
Traditional
Well
Not
improved
traditional
well
Improved
traditional
well
Improved
traditional

18

31

35

25

79

112

45

47

109

113

62

27

Well
well
4.3 Availability of water by type of water source and village Quartier:
Type of
Village Quartire
water
Sokoura
Djinkono
Djomogola
Source

Not
improved
traditional
well
Improved
traditional
well
Modern
well
Borehole
Pump
Total

Year
Round
1

Seasonal

Seasonal

Year round Seasonal

Year
Round
3

10

13

Table : 4.2 Number of water Source by type and Village Quartier

Type of Water Source

Not improved traditional

hand dug well
Improved traditional
hand dug well
Modern hand dug well
Borehole pump
Total

Number Present
Sokoura

Village Quartier
Djinkono

Djomogola

28

11

13

1
2
38

1
1
16

0
0
17

0
1
5

3.3
table
Stage Time

Frame

Characteristics

Initial
Enthusiasm

First week or twoin host

country

Exposure to country and culture is limited.

Excitement and enthusiasm abound.
Everything is exotic and quaint.
Attitude toward host country is generally
positive.
Little is expected of the Peace Corps Volunteer
(PCV).

Initial Country
&
Culture Shock

First few weeks; first half Wider exposure to country and culture means
of
more
training
realistic and mixed reactions.
Enthusiasm is tempered with frustration.
Feelings of vulnerability and dependence are
common.
Homesickness is frequent.
Nothing is routine.
Limited language ability undermines
confidence.

Initial
Adjustment

Second half
of
Training

Routines are reestablished.

Some aspects of the country and culture are
now seen as
normal.
Adjustment to the physical aspects of the host
country is
better.
PCV is somewhat more self-reliant.
PCV is more positive about his/her ability to
function in
country.

Further
Culture Shock

First few months after

training; settling-in
period

PCV experiences post-training withdrawal

symptoms.
PCV is adjusting to being on his/her own in
country.
It is PCVs first experience taking care of
himself/herself
in country.
PCV is having first encounters with the workrelated
aspects of culture, with initial surprises and
frustrations.
PCV misses daily contact with Americans and
host
country nationals (HCNs) who understand
him/her and
his/her version of the local language.

Further
Adjustment

Post
settling- in

PCV is getting used to being on his/her own.

PCV is better able to take care of
himself/herself.
PCV is making friends in the community.
PCV speaks the language better.
PCV is more effective at work because he/she
understands the culture better.