A SUSTAINABLE VERTICAL UNIVERSITY

FOR THE ARTS WITH STUDENT

HOUSING FACILITIES

A Thesis Presented to the

School of Architecture, Industrial Design & the Built Environment
Mapua Institute of Technology

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Architectural Design 9

for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Presented by
Vibandor, Mark Angelo G.
2011123223

Architect Junar Pakingan Tablan, uap

Adviser
December 2014

I.1 CHAPTER I
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION

Education is one of the most important thing in this world that anyone could
get in his life. It defines our future and our status in this society.
In this past 10 years, Architectural of the buildings in other countries
especially in Singapore and other advanced country were designed vertically.
Condominiums, commercial spaces and offices are stacked up in vertical
way. By doing this strategy they saved up the space they could get instead
of

doing

it

horizontally.

Not so new to us that here in country, Philippines, Education is being taken

for granted. We dont focus enough on the design of the building and its
character. We dont take careful planning and thinking on the design which
greatly affects the users/ students of the school or universities. One of the
factor that greatly affects the design stage is the limited lots we have here in
the country allotted for institutional buildings. And we all know that we need
more

of

those

here

in

country.

Aside from that, we are now considering the effects of heavy rain like
flooding especially in Manila. We should design now considering it as future
designers of this country. And because of floods, the school or the building
itself is greatly affected especially the students because its planned or

design horizontally that covers a large amount of space or building footprint.

This proposal will focus on the new innovations of green and sustainable
design, The elevation of the Filipino character to be applied on the school
design and the strategy of vertical planning for universities. The research will
include studies regarding the effects of vertical planning to its users, to the
environment

and

to

the

building

traffic

flow.

Education today should not be taken for granted instead we should focus to
this now and consider the different problems it is encountering right now.
And focus on how we can solve those architecturally.
1.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The primary purpose of this study is to determine the Architectural Design of

a Sustainable Vertical University for the arts with student housing facilities.
More specifically, it will attempt to answer the following questions:

1. Why is there a need to develop this proposal? How can vertical

planning on

universities will solve the current architectural state of

schools?
2. What are the advantages of vertical planning compare to horizontal
strategy?
3. What are the structural considerations in designing vertical

universities especially here in our country?

4. What are the advantages of combining the University itself to a
dorm type student housing facilities?
5. Are there other new spaces requirements need for this type of
proposal?
6. How can sustainable design elevate or improve the character of
Filipino schools now a days?
7. How does vertical planning affects the psychological, productivity of students?
1.1.3 PROJECT GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY OF THE STUDY

The primary goal of the thesis proposal is to design a sustainable

vertical university that will include facilities to enhance the skills of
students and to have a productive and working environment.

For it to be done the following objectives must be followed:

- One of the objectives is to lessen the building footprint of the

university which is supposed to be planned horizontally

- To incorporate green and sustainable design concepts that will be a

good working environment for the students and artists

- To carefully plan and design the adjacency of spaces in order to avoid

traffic travelling vertically through the use of elevators.

- To incorporate student housing facilities and amenities in such a way

that students wont be required to travel far and long in order to take a rest.
In this way students can easily go to their respective dormitories.

-Its objective is to connect the campus itself to the housing facilities of

the students in the easiest way in less time. And to lessen traffic since the
travel will be vertical.

- To think of new school amenities that will showcase the name of the
university.
For the following objective to be done, certain strategies are also
need to be determine such as

- The strategy is by incorporating green and sustainable design on the

building
by providing breathing spaces for students through pocket gardens
and
greeneries wrapped around the building envelope.

Another strategy is to reduce carbon footprint produce by the

building itself by following a certain green certification and also to
reduce the carbon footprint of the users.

To consider all the components of the chosen site for it to be use as

an advantage for its limited area.

To showcase a new architectural design that is inspired from the

Filipino nation and will give birth to a new architectural character.

Through this, the project is aiming to focus on the situation and perspective
of students on vertical buildings especially in universities.
1.1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this study is the strategy of designing vertically with
buildings that are supposed to be designed the other way around. Also, to
create an environment suitable for students by combining spaces for public
and student housing facilities. The study may encounter different problems
architecturally especially in planning, adjacency of spaces, connecting
spaces that are really important. The study may find solution regarding those
said problems and show a planned result for those.
This study offers a clear description of sustainable universities and the
processes it may undergo and the solution the school will get through green

design. This study will focus on the current architectural state of schools in
the country and will try to solver current problems around its environment.
This study is dedicated to the academe for students to be used as reference
and is also dedicated to the architectural field of study so as they could use it
to improve the school design and planning and the facilities it should have.
1.1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study is limited only on the architectural design and planning of vertical
Universities including the adjacency and connections of spaces needed. It
does not go beyond on the structural aspects of the building itself solely. The
study may give idea and consider the location of structural aspects on the
design and plan but not on the computation side and the design of structural
elements. Also, the study does not cover the interior spaces that affect the
psychological behavior of the users but may include the design in terms of
architectural on how a certain space can affect the students activity. The
study does not cover any other type aside from the school of the arts which
include its major spaces and not the minor which is the main focus of this
study.
1.1.6 DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The proposal will tackle the issue of school designing and planning both from
the macro and micro analytical way by supplementing:

- The background on the current situation of Universities in the

Philippines. By stating the current projects planned by the government and
the current universities having architectural issues.
- A case study and interviews regarding the viewpoints of students in
areas where buildings in the universities are built far from each other and
also students encountering flood in their universities. Also, interviews will be
conducted on the usual users of vertical buildings and their view point
regarding the environment.
- The paper will also discuss the effect of green and sustainable design
on a building. The study will also show the advantages It can get through this
design and how it can affect students behavior and the processes of the
building itself.
1.1.7 ASSUMPTION
This study assumes that vertically designed and planned spaces are
easiest to use compare on horizontal designed since we are considering
traffic and time. Also, through sustainable features applied to the building
not only the building footprint will be solved but also the carbon footprint
which will be lessened. Through this strategy, environment on school
campuses will be uplifted and be more user friendly and environment
friendly.
1.1.8 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
1.) Theory of sustainable design This theory focuses on how a certain

design can minimize carbon footprints through different strategies. It will

consider the material used, The shading devices, and the utilities involved on
the building system.

2.) Vertical Planning theory This theory focuses mainly on the

advantages of vertical design and the benefits the users can get through
this. Vertical planning theory shows how this strategy solve the issue of foot
traffic in a campus and the travel time.

3.) Green design theory This theory involves mainly the incorporation of
greeneries on the building itself whether on the interior spaces or the
building itself. It states that greeneries cool down the temperature and
humidity of the building and control the mood of the students on its working
environment.

1.1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Biodiversity- is the degree of variation of life. It is a measure of the variety
of organisms present in different ecosystems.
Eco Mimicry Buildings are designed based on how humans are designed
Sustainable- Involving methods that do not completely use up or destroy
natural resources
University s school that offers courses leading to a degree such as
masters, or doctoral degree and where research is done.

1.1.10 ACRONYMS
DEPED Department of Education
CHED - Commission on higher Education
PAGASA - Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
LEEDLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design
BERDE -Building for Ecologically Responsive Design Excellence

1.1.11 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

LAT

R A C V H E I T L E T C I MT
AAS T L U D D E E S N I G T N S
CPU R N O I V B E L R E S M I T S
KFR O E S R P A E C N T E I W V
A G E
O
UF N I V E R S I T
E
N
OO
U
GG
H

UE R
G O
Y F
E H
Y

O F
IN G T O
R O M
O M E S

1.1.12 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

DC AH TSO A E S E S N T U T D O Y P IO C F : AT H S E U S T A I N A B L E
GCV EHA RTO TH S I E C R NA I L S U T RN UI V C E T R U S R I T E Y , W I T H
NIS N T G C U L D U E D N E T A H L O L U T S H I EN G F A C I L I T I E S
TI M H P R O O R U T G A N T P O I N T S
H CASE
STUDY
AND
SURVEY

1.2 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

1.2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Skycourts and skygardens are increasingly being incorporated into tall
buildings to reduce perceived densities and provide more habitable
environments that promote a greener urban habitat. Said by Architect Jason
Pomeroy on his book Skycourts and skygardens. The book focuses on the
advantage of designing high rise and vertical buildings with open spaces or
greeneries throughout the design. He emphasized on the book that these
skycourts and skygardens will serve as a social space for the users of the
building. Also, it combats negative environmental impacts regarding
desification. Since lots in different area are becoming limited, the only
answer is to designed vertically. And as we all know, open spaces should be
incorporated with a ration of 30 percent. Thus Architect Pomeroy suggested
to incorporate gardens on vertical structures as a design solution for open
spaces.
The skycourt can act as a transitional space in its ability to be a circulatory
interchange Skycourts and Skygardens, 2014.

The book does not only

explain the advantage of open spaces as a social spaces but also a

circulatory space for the users.

Since it does not only act as a meeting

place, the skycourts facilitate the occupants to move from one part of the
building towards another vertical building. It serves as a bridge that connects

two buildings, or a pseudo vertical arcade for it has an ability to connect

primary, secondary and tertiary modes of vertical circulation.
The trapped layer of air between the plants and the substrate can help
absorb reflect and deflect sound waves and reduce low frequency noise,
(Wong, 2010). The statement suggests that incorporating green designs such
as greeneries as building enevelop can help in reducing different types of
pollution. One of it is the noise pollution. Aside from that is it act as a cooling
system that cools the exterior part first of the building then later on the
interior spaces. When planned and positioned in the right way, trees can act
as a shading device along skycourts. Also, greeneries act as a filtering
system that remove over 95% of cadmium, copper and lead from rainwater
and 16% of zinc. Whilst nitrogen level can still be reduces. (Johnson and
Newton, 2004)
Envelope Thermal Transfer Values (ETTV) can be reduced by 40% in
comparison to a conventional building with no greenery (Chiang and Tan,
2009). The statement suggests that incorporating green design can help in
increasing the building economic benefits. Incorporating it also reduces
energy consumption therefore running costs. Having a green roof and green
wall on the design of the building can help have an ambient temperature for
they absorb solar radiation.
Natural elements in the urban landscape counteracted physiological stress
reactions through a stream of instantaneous affective reactions (Ulrich,

1983). Since the main objective of the project is to combine a university to a

housing facility, it is important that we incorporate a design that will reduce
the stress of the students in terms of psychological factors. The statement
supports the ability of a greeneries to help the users to have a more positive
outlook and to be more productive in doing their work whenever they are
near greeneries and landscapes. Also, it acts as a relaxing tool that calm the
mind of the users. It also helps in removing distractions and help them to be
concentrated

and

focus

on

whatever

they

are

doing.

Nature has the ability to revive the users attention and concentration, this is
also called as the Attention restoration theory. This theory suggests
disregarding distraction and focusing more on the environment surrounding
the

user.

A skycourt can be initially defined in terms of their spatial morphology and

how they can reduce the perceived densities of a tall building, or high
density development, by breaking the mass and potential monotony of
repetitive floorplates by the juxtaposition of solid and void (Pomeroy, 2005;
2007). The statement suggests that it eliminates the perception of many
that tall buildings can be equated to a denser place compared to a horizontal
planned structure.

One of the example is the comparison of Paris to

Hongkong, hongkong has more tall buildings compared to paris. But since
Paris has more open spaces, many think that it is less dense in terms of

population compared to Hongkong. But the truth is Paris is greater in density

compared to Hongkong. Open spaces or greeneries have the power to
change the perception of users and proportion of traditional streets with
open spaces that balances the figurative void within the private part or solid
of the object.
1.2.2 RELATED STUDIES AND PROJECT
1.2.2.1 HAVE A NICE DAY PROJECT

According to Sweden based architects, We are you (2010), Traditional

campus is situated with big lots of big open spaces. The traditional campuses
require facilities that make a bigger footprint on the ground. This only means
that through horizontal planning we are required to have large spaces for it

to be well planned.

The project Have a Nice Day is a winning proposal of Swedish architects,

We are you. In their proposal they created a structure that include campus as
a big public living room with a lot of interactive spaces and housing facilities
which are planned vertically. They said that for a campus to be a good study
and living environment. It should be a public living room that is open 24/7
and a place that will cater different types of arts such as music, theatre,
reading, lectures and workshops.

The housing project created a single space flowing from floor to floor instead
of making a conventional student housing project with the floors isolated
from each other. This creates a diversity in the spaces provided and

emphasizes the connection between floors. The private sleeping units are
minimized in order to give space to the large vertical living room. The public
ground floors hold computers, rooms for group activities, gym and a
swimming pool. These are public spaces free for everyone to use and will
serve as an important part of the neighborhoods streetlife.

1.2.2.2 BARUCH COLLEGES VERTICAL CAMPUS

We didnt have the luxury [of space] on this urban site. We could take the
idea, and turn it vertical. - architect William Pedersen, of Kohn Pedersen Fox
Associates (KPF)

According to Architect Pedersen, he designed the 17 storey building of baruchs

university in a way that it can maximize the potential of the site though it is situated in a
very limited lot area and in a shape of rectangle. The campus consist of two colleges,
first is the Business courses and the second one is the Art and sciences. The Building
has two parts first is the podium that consist of recreational activities and the upper
floors which consist of lecture rooms, seminars, conferences and classes.

The vertical rectangle or the atrium serves as the heart of the building because it
incorporates different activities below. The atrium also has different bridges that allow
connection on different levels and on different sides. The atrium also act as a natural
illumination that lights up the whole interior spaces good for any activities though it is
just inside the campus.
The atrium and the carved design of the school on the exterior serves as the main
character of the building.

1.2.2.3 COLLEGE OF SAINT BENILDE SCHOOL OF DESIGN AND ARTS

Another example of campus situated in the local scene is the De la salle

college of Saint Benilde. The School of the arts campus is situated in a very
small lot in Vitocruz, malate Manila. The Architect of the campus, Ed Calma

decided to designed and planned it Vertically in such a way that the travel of
students are vertical. The campus composed only of 14 storeys that cater
different art courses.

The design concept of the architect for this building is to be an open gallery,
wherein any students can display their work of art in any corridors found
inside the campus since it is designed as a viewing gallery.

The cantilevered massing on the front faade of the building serves as the
auditorium where students host their seminars and any other main events.
The whole building is enveloped with brise soleil or sun breakers that reduces
too much heat and light entering the university.
1.2.2.4 HENRY SY HALL

One of the

most prominent

landmark in Taft, a building designed by the head architect Leandro locsin jr.
Though it is not a university and just part of the main campus, the building is
designed in a way that the travel is vertical. The building composed of library
on the upper floors and a multipurpose hall on the ground level.
The main concept of the building is a sustainable and green design. It
incorporates pocket and interior gardens in different levels. Also, the main
faade looks like a thumbprint that is made of aluminum fins that acts as a
wind scoop.

CHAPTER I.3
RESEARCH DESIGN AND PROCEDURE

I.3.1. Research Method

The research method to be used on this research is the descriptive
method that will incorporate the use of case study along with survey or

interview method wherein it will attempt to answer and describe the present
situation and needs of a university especially students in terms of education
facilities, specialized (for the arts) facilities and for the housing facilities. It
will eventually observe problematic areas of interest like issues on learning
environment, proper dimensioning, adjacency of spaces, and the like. This
research method is to be accurately done in descriptive manner.

I.3.2. Research Instruments

The research instruments on this study to be used will be divided on

two parts first is the case study method and the second part is the survey
forms and the interview method. The case study will be the college of Saint
Benilde School of the Arts wherein it will show the spaces need to be
adjacent per floor since it is plan in a vertical way. The second part is the
survey form where it will cater the art students in random way to know the
facilities they need for them to improve on their craft. Other research
instruments also include interviews on the management of the school in
Benilde and in a regular horizontal planned university, It will try to compare
the two university in terms of movement, links and efficiency on architectural
and services design and also in terms of convenience.
I.3.3. Research Locale

The case study is situated in the second campus of College of Saint

Benilde, The school of design and Arts. It is located at 950 Pablo Ocampo
Street, and about 500 meters away from taft Campus. The rationale behind
choosing this building is that it is somewhat planned vertical although not all
courses are in this building. The building has 14 storeys which involves
facilities for the different types of arts. The relation of this school to its
community is that it is a state of the art university amidst an almost passive
environment. The map attached shows its location and its relation to the
different access points and routes it is connected to.

I.3.4. Population Universe and the subjects of the study

The population universe of this study will be in two parts first are the
students in college of saint Benilde who used tha facilitiesin the school of
design and arts given that the chosen timeframe is bounded from year 20132014. The second part will be regular students who have courses related to
arts to differentiate their views on movement, adjacency of spaces and
convenience.
I.3.5. Sampling Procedure
The sampling procedure to be used on this research is the non-random
sampling type. It is selected by the researcher for easy utilization since the
only thing that matter are the point of views of different students and
management regarding the university system. For easier sampling, the
researcher will divide the two groups from two different school and analyze
and compare the two results as a whole already.

I.3.6. Research design

The research design that will be used in this study is still descriptive.
Even though some facts are already given there is still a need for the
proponent to explain and discuss each data for it to be studied and
interpreted thoroughly. The phase is a descriptive phase for the researcher
will describe the acquired datas and that it will be highly organized for the
study to move on to another phase.

Chapter I.4
I.4.1 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS SUMMARY OF FINDING AND
ANALYSIS
I.4.1.2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
This part of data gathering is facilitated through the use of survey method. In
which, the proponent prepared a set of questions that of which will answer
the questions or the main problem regarding living and working on places
like condominiums or on places that is in a higher level. The questionnaires
are distributed to 100 variables selected through a random sampling
amongst the unit owners of Pacific regency, Cityland and University
Condominiums near University of Santo Tomas and De la Salle University.
Such that, the data collected from the survey questionnaires are interpreted
by the proponent and manifested in the following graphs that will help the
reader to understand more the idea with additional explanation and
interpretation after each questions.

I.

What is the importance of living at a higher level on a

condominium and its effect to the users behavior?
A. Does the view outside your unit greatly affect your
outlook and behavior?

10

5
30

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe

20

Disagree
Strongly Disagree
30

In this figure most of the proponents answers range from Strongly Agree to
Agree with both 30%. This means that they accept the idea of view affecting
their outlook in life and behavior. Only 20% answers maybe and 10% and 5%
answers Disagree and dont like the idea respectively.
B. Considering being on the higher floor traffic noise has been diminished. Does it help you
to be more focus on the things you are doing compared being on the normal ground level?

3 5

Strongly Agree
Agree
50

40

Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree

In this figure, The proponents agree that living on higher level reduces the
noise produced by the cars since there is a great distance from the ground
level. 40 -50% agreed. And 5%, 3% and 2% answers maybe, disagree and
strongly disagree respectively.
C. Does foot traffic diminished since you are travelling vertical
compared on a horizontal planning like apartments and dormitories?

10

10
Strongly Agree
20

Agree
Maybe
Disagree

60

Strongly Disagree

In this figure, 60% of the proponent answered maybe for the reason that
elevators sometimes got traffic since it is not systemized. Only 20%
answered agree, 10% answered strongly agree, disagree and strongly
disagree.

D. Living on a condominium, Open spaces are few because of limited

space, does inclusion of open spaces will help you to be more feel
relaxed and productive?

215

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
90

Strongly Disagree

In general all of the proponents agreed that it would be a better idea to add
open spaces on condominiums especially on higher level since this will help
them to be more relaxed. A total of 10% are from other answers.
E. Does living on a higher floor makes you feel more relaxed and
away from the stresses of the city?

43

10
Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
80

In this figure 80% agreed but not strongly agreed that living on a higher level
relaxes them and reduced their stresses. 4% of them answered maybe. Both
Disagree and Strongly disagree got 3% also.
F. Does living on a condominium make you worry less regarding
flooding since you are living on a higher floor?

8 21

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
90

Strongly Disagree

In this figure, almost 98% agreed on the idea of living on a higher level
reduces their worry regarding flooding since they dont have the idea of what
it looks like from below. Also, they are sure that they wont be affected by the
flooding below. 2% answered maybe and 0% answered disagrees.

G. Are you performing well in terms of academics, work related with

the current status of your condominium?

10

10
10
10

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree

70

Strongly Disagree

In this figure, 70% are not satisfied regarding the current status of their
condominiums for it lacks the facilities they need to focus on their study and
work. Only 10% answered agree, disagree and strongly disagree. No one
answered strongly agreed.
H. Does the housing your living now is complete with amenities that
is helpful to your school or work?

10

10
10

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree

70

In this figure, the results are almost the same for the reason that they relate
it to the previous question.
I. If living in a condominium that is green with lot of open spaces
and with social interactions, would you like to live and study/work
there at the same time?

10
Strongly Agree

10

Agree
Maybe
Disagree
90

Strongly Disagree

In this figure, all of them believed that inclusion of green concept on the
overall design of the building would be a better idea and will add to the

betterment of their stay on the place. 90% strongly agreed on the idea and
105 just agreed but still have the same thoughts.

J. If given a chance to have a school facility or a work place with a

housing facility would you like to live there?

10
Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
100

In this figure, all of them agreed to the idea of combining their study place or
workplace with the housing facilities for it will save them a lot in terms of
money for transportation, time and other factors.
I.4.1.3 NEED ANALYSIS

In this part, different analysis on given features are stated in which , portion
where it stated what is needed in the study in order to satisfy the needed

information.
The following are the needs of the university:
- Roof Garden
- Green wall
- Landscaping as an environment filter
- Open spaces for social spaces
- Iconic design that embody Filipino character as a skyscraper
- Proper adjacency of amenities of housing
- Proper adjacency of the university facilities
- Well planned elevator system for users and services
- Well ventilated and lighted lecture rooms
- Great view of lecture, classrooms for visual inspirations
- Graywater system for the utilities
- Stormwater collector and cistern
- Alternative energy source
- Correct ratio of students to classrooms
- Separation of housing for boys and for girls

Based on the studied gathered data, from the case study of a specific
university and from interviews of people especially students regarding their
view on vertical planning. The proponent deeply analyzed the data to be
used for proper proposal and strategy. The proponent will follow the
systematical analyzation of datas and information he determined what is

needed in the vertical university for it to be sustainable and be effective for

vertical planning.

Based from the gathered data, the future users will benefit from the well
planned needs of the university itself based from the strategy that will be
applied. Therefore, the proponent will propose a Vertical sustainable
University for the arts with student housing facilities that are complete of
new advance architectural development and university technology
development for it to be world class.
I.4.1.4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
As part of growing problems in terms of lots being limited because of
different developments and at the same time is the need for universities for
a certain city. The proponent suggests building a new idea regarding school
planning which includes vertical concept.
Different from the old concept, the university will be vertical; meaning all
travel including services and the users will be vertical. Problems regarding
flooding, noise and behavior and outlook will be solved through this strategy.
In line with that, problem wof the earth regarding environment will also be
solved. This will be done by taking extra measure on green and sustainable
designs wand will try to apply or follow the rules for pointing system of
BERDE certification in order for it to be green.

Concepts like Green envelope will be applied in a way that will help in
reducing warm temperature inside the building. Different skygardens or open
spaces will be provided not only for green and sustainable purposes but also
for psychological and social point of view.
Housing facilities will also be provided in a way that will solve the problems
of users regarding time of travel and productivity since the only separation
between study/work and their home are floors.
Giving importance on the future needs of the users will be a great advantage
in designing vertical university with housing facilities since it includes a
residential part.

As a recommendation, it is advised to follow all the national building code

regulation regarding high rise building. Also, to follow the governing laws of
the chosen site. The site should allow building of high rise structure since the
expected storey of the proposed structure would be like a high rise
condominium.

Also, it is advised that proper vertical adjacency of spaces and facilities for
the university will be taken into consideration. Aside from that, links of
university to the housing facilities must be well organized and avoid
confusion among users way of travel. Traffic should be avoided for the
vertical structure to be effective.

Environment factors must be one of the top priorities wherein the structure
will adapt to its surroundings since sustainability and green concept will be
the main focus of this proposal.

And lastly, the character of the structure must be new in a way that it will
reflect the new idea of vertical planning and new structural concept or
vertical universities but will still embody the character of a typical university.

II.

RESEARCH FOCUS
In this chapter the proponent will discuss the main core of his study;

this will be the identity of his proposal for it will be applied in his design of
the structure. In this chapter, the importance of the study will be stated in
a way that will benefit the users and the recipients.

II. 1 RATIONALE
The study focuses mainly on the idea of vertical planning and inclusion
of skycourts and skygardens on the overall design of a new University with
student housing facilities. Vertical urban theory will be applied on the
thought process of the design wherein architectural factors such as vertical
adjacency and spaces adjacency will be taken into consideration. Also, the
structural concept of designing university in a vertical manner will be

considered and will try to look

for a new strategy such as structural

expressionism, diagrid and etc.

Aside from those, the main focus will be on the green solutions that will
be applied on the structure. And the different strategy the building will apply
for it to be sustainable. Dynamic facades will also be considered for green
design purposes in a way that the building may include dynamic solar
shading devices, wind turbines and water collector system with irrigation
system also.

II. 2 PRINCIPLES AND RELEVANCE TO THE PROJECT

II.2.1 BIOMIMICRY OR BIOMIMETIC ARCHITECTURE
Biomimicry is a strategy or an organic principle where it imitates a
certain system and elements of nature in solving complex human problems.
It includes the way nature works towards its environment, towards other
organism and to nature itself.
It is a contemporary philosophy frequently used and associated with
green designs since it is inspired deeply from the nature. Its main focus is to
understand the principles governing a certain element and not only on
replicating the form of the element. It is a multi- disciplinary approach in
sustainable design that follows set of principles rather than stylistic codes.

II.2.2 STRUCTURAL EXPRESSIONISM

A structural principle that can be associated to biomimetic

architecture. Also called as the High tech Architecture, is an architectural
style that incorporate structural elements on the design of the building itself.
Since this principle will be based on the first principle, Biomimicry. Structural
elements will be inspired from a certain element. The design of structural
components will be visible all throughout the design of the building.

II.2.3 DIAGRID SYSTEM

Since the proposed structure will be a vertical high rise building; it is

advised that the structural elements can withstand great wind pressure and
other natural phenomenon such as earthquake. The design of the structural
resembles a diamond style that covers eighth to ten floors. One of the best
example for this method is the Hearst Tower by Foster and Partners and the
Guangzhou Opera House by Zaha Hadid.
It is a design that is commonly used for constructing large buildings
with steel that creates triangular structures with diagonal support beams. It
requires less structural steel than a conventional steel frame which is more
sustainable.

II.2.3 GREEN WALL AND GREEN ROOF

Green wall mitigate air pollution levels by lowering extreme summer
temperatures through photosynthesis, trapping particulate matter, and
capturing gases. The ability of green walls to provide thermal insulation for
building means less demand on power and as a result fewer polluting by
products are released into the air.
Green roof on the other hand contributes to the reduction of a number
of polluting air particles and compounds not only through the plants
themselves but also by deposition in the growing medium itself.

II. 3 APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES TO THE PROJECT

The application of green design will be in the form of wind turbines,
solar panels, green faade that act as a veil that envelopes the whole
building and water collector and at the same time irrigation system.

The application will be in the form of thermally responsive envelope

using biomaterial laminations. The automated response activates the
envelope and intelligently exploits its reciprocal relationship with the sun, in
turn providing solar shading precisely when and where it is required while
minimizing glare and unnecessary heat gain. This is achieved through little

more than calculated difference in coefficients of expansion in two different

materials and a subtly implemented geometry in the individual unit that
actuates a performative mechanism when exposed to the sun. Robert
Gaslow. This is also called as a kinetic or dynamic faade that is useful for
effective sun shading and heat reduction strategy.

Wind turbines will be located on North East and South West Portion of
the Building to capture the prevailing winds. This is to take advantage of the
natural element. The captured energy from the wind turbine will be used on
some parts of the building where it will be needed. It will be first stored for
energy saving and then used whenever it is needed. Solar panels, wind
turbines and water collector are the green and sustainable strategy to be
used for storing alternative energy.

III.

SITE IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS

III.1 CRITERIA FOR SITE SELECTION

The proposed project is a Sustainable Vertical University of the arts with
student housing facilities. The major criteria for site selection doesnt
require for it to have a large area. The target users for this proposed
structure are college students and the community itself, thus requiring it
to be near the business district and residential zone. Site should have no
other universities near the area and should serve as an icon to the whole

area. Since the proposal is a vertical university it would be best if the site
would allow a high rise type structure that would cater an estimated of 40
storey thus the site should be away from the airport since height
requirement is present. The main goal of the site selection should have a
maximum benefit not only to the benefactor but also to the users and
others that will be involved to the proposal. The site should be an answer
to the different objectives, goals, strategies and research focus of the
proposal. It should not be a hindrance in achieving those. With those
different criteria like climatic aspect, flooding, humidity, cultural aspect
and linkages should be studied carefully and presented on the selected
sites justification. But before that, other criteria such as availability of lots,
Land use of the area, access routes, access to utilities, drainage, water,
electricity and the like where investigated carefully and considered
thoroughly. Also, site development cost per square meter and adequacy of
lot space and adjacency to other structures were also taken into
consideration.
III.2 SITE OPTION DESCRIPTION
SITE A: BONIFACIO GLOBAL CITY, MUNICIPALITY OF TAGUIG,
METRO MANILA

OWNER

Fort Bonifacio Development

LOT AREA
LOT CLASSIFICATION
LOT TYPE
EXISTING BUILDING STRUCTURES

Corporation
7,800 SQ. M
Commercial and Institutional
4 corner lots
None

SITE B: BARANGAY USUSAN, MUNICIPALITY OF TAGUIG, RIZAL

OWNER
LOT AREA
LOT CLASSIFICATION
LOT TYPE
EXISTING BUILDING STRUCTURES

Republic of the Philippines

8,749 sq.m
Commercial and Institutional
Interior Lot
None

SITE C: CENTRAL BUSINESS PARK, PASAY , MANILA

OWNER
LOT AREA
LOT CLASSIFICATION
LOT TYPE
EXISTING BUILDING STRUCTURES

Public Estates AUthority

22, 000 sq. m
Commercial and Institutional
Interior Lot
None

III.3 SITE SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION

In this part the three site options will be graded according to the different
criteria set for the best site. Every site will be graded from 1-5. 5 being

the highest which means that the selected site is the best and utmost the
solution for the problem and 1 being the lowest.
SITE SELECTION

SITE A

SITE B

SITE C

CRITERIA
Lot Availability as open

space
Land use
Lot Area
Access Routes
Utilities
Accesibility to needs
There is no Height Limit
Safety and Security
TOTAL

4
4
5
4
5
5
5
37

4
5
3
3
4
5
3
32

5
4
5
3
4
2
4
32

The table shows the tallied scores of different sites according to the
criteria needed to meet for the best site for the proposal. The result shows
site C and B in Pasay ang Ususan,taguig respectively are not the best site.
On the other hand, Site A in Bonifacio Global City would be the best
solution for the site proposal.

III.2 SITE EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS

III.2.1 THE MACRO SETTING

The chosen site is located in the asian country, Philippines
through which it is located on the metropolitan region, the NCR or
National Capital Region. From there the site is situated at the growing and

developing city of Taguig City. More specifically, the site sits on the central
business district of Taguig, the Bonifacio Global City.
Taguig city is bounded by the laguna de bay on its one side then by its
neighboring city like Paranaque to the southwest portion, Pasay to the
west, Muntinlupa to the south and Makati, Pasig and Pateros to the north.
The whole city is cut in half by the Pasig river on the one side and the
napindan

river

on

the

other

side.

Taguig city is a developing city that came from a fishing shore located
on the south eastern part of Metro Manila. The main focus of business
district of Taguig is the Fort Bonifacio which is consider as the front runner
city alongside with Makati and ortigas CBDs.

III.2.2 THE MICRO SETTING

A. The Natural Factors
A.1 Geology The main geological component of the city of taguig
compose mainly of natural earth ground formed by natural
phenomenon. The site is made up of sediments that is deposited on
the lowe floor of the land. Three major group of rocks are present on
the site components: Methamorphic or older igneous bedrock (100 to

75 million years old), Older sedimentary rocks and younger

sedimentary rocks through which it contains sandstone, siltstone and
volcanic rocks.

A.2 Geomorphology The site is divided by defined blocks, mostly

by fault zones. Major faults of land bound the basin on two sides. Many
other faults exist on the basin and it lies on the Philippine fault system.

A.3 Physiography - Shale, sandstones, and conglomerates

composed the sedimentary rock layer of the site component. Also, the
sedimentary layer also have the interbedded volcanic rocks with an
immerse depth of sediments deposited on the sea floor. Igneous, older
and younger sedimentary rocks composed the major group of rocks
present on the site layer.

A.4 Softscape Sites soil is composed of natural earth elements that

is course grained with components of gravel, sand, clay and silts. Part
of the softscape of the site are ponds, pond soil that does not
accumulate organic matters as rapidly as often thought by practical
aqua culturists just as pond soils are sink for phosphorous with
microbial activity in many pond soil.

A.5 Topography Generally flat with slopes ranging from 0 to 5

percent.

A.6 Vegetation The soil of taguig has the maximum advantage of

growing orchard, fruit bearing tress, vegetables, grains, grass seed
crops because of its natural components. Natural vegetation are sugar
canes, bamboo, shrubs and other grasses.
A.7 Land Contour Map

A.8 Hydrology - The site has river and creeks with minor lakes used
for fish ponds and a bay or sea that is accessible through water routes
that surrounds the city. The flood plain is susceptible to flooding
because of 5-6 meter range of ground elevation. Minor rains can cause
flooding easily since the whole city is exposed to water on different
sides by 70%.

B. The Climatic Factors

B.1 Solar Path

You can see sun positions at sunrise, specified time and sunset. The thin
orange curve is the current sun trajectory and the yellow area around is the
variation of sun trajectories during the year. The closer a point is to the
center the higher is the sun above the horizon. The colors on the time slider
above show sunlight coverage during the day.

B.2 Thermal Comfort The psychometric chart shows the standard

comfort zone on yellow. The cumulative hours at each temperature and
humidity are shaded in increasingly darker olive green. Selected
strategies extend the comfort zone without mechanical heating or cooling.

B.3 Solar radiation In early spring, taguig city has the most sunshine
for most of the year, Taguig experiences hazy conditions causing an
increase in humidty throughout the rest of the year.

B.4 Climate Taguig City features a tropical savanna climate that

borders on a tropical monsoon climate. Together with the rest of the
Philippines, taguig city is located in Manila lies entirely within the tropics,
its proximity to the equator means that the temperature range is very
small, rarely going lower than 20 degC and going higher than 38 degC.
However humidity levels are usually very high all year round. It has a
distinct dry season from late December through may. And a relatively
lenghthy and cooler wet season that covers the remaining period with mid
to warm temperatures. In the rainy season it rarely rains all day but the
rainfall is very heavy during short periods. Typhoons can occur from june
to September and can cause flooding in parts of the city.
B.5 Rainfall - the PAGASA station recorded an annual rainfall amount of
1,149 with a total of 113 rainy days between the years 1961-1995. The
rainy months of May- October indicated monthly rainy days of 1-20 of
which themonth of july recorded the highest at 20.
B.6 Temperature Contour The site can gain a range of 22 to 26
degree celcius of temperature per day. This result is actually average
which means that the site is not a heat gaining place maybe because it is
not adjacent to the main city that causes too much heat gain because of
the materials.

B.7 Humidity contour the site has a range of 80 90 percent of

humidity on the site. This implies a higher rate that can greatly affects the
building construction, plants and human comfort.
B.8 landslide and Flood Susceptibility The site is classified as low to
moderate susceptibility in flooding this means that it has a lower than 1
meter flood height. These areas are usually flooded for several hours
during heavy rain fall. Includes landforms of topographics lows such as
active river channels, abandoned river channels and areas along river
banks also prone to flashfloods.
c. The Cultural and social Factors
C.1 Population
Total of 613,343 (as of August 2007 Census) with a population growth rate
of 3.82% from 2000-2007
Average household size is 5
43.3% of the population are married

D. Laws and Rules of taguig City

III.5 Site Development Plan

III.5.1 Access routes

III.5.2 Sun Path

III.5.3 Wind Path

III.5.4 Noise Generator

Proposed site development plan and massing

APPENDICES
Survey Questionnaires
NAME: ____________________________________________________ AGE: _______ GENDER:
_______

This survey questionnaires prepared by the researcher serves as a tool for

data gathering for the study of psychological effects, productivity and views of
students living and studying on a high rise level. like condominiums. The following
questions have been grouped into following sub problems.

IV.

What is the importance of living at a higher level on a condominium and

its effect to the users behavior?
A. Does the view outside your unit greatly affect your outlook and
behavior?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
B. Considering being on the higher floor traffic noise has been diminished.
Does it help you to be more focus on the things you are doing compared
being on the normal ground level?
A. Strongly Agree

B.
C.
D.
E.

Agree
Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree

C. Does foot traffic diminished since you are travelling vertical compared
on a horizontal planning like apartments and dormitories?
F. Strongly Agree
G. Agree
H. Maybe
I. Disagree
J. Strongly Disagree
D. Living on a condominium, Open spaces are few because of limited
space, does inclusion of open spaces will help you to be more feel relaxed
and productive?
F. Strongly Agree
G. Agree
H. Maybe
I. Disagree
J. Strongly Disagree
E. Does living on a higher floor makes you feel more relaxed and away
from the stresses of the city?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
F. Does living on a condominium make you worry less regarding flooding
since you are living on a higher floor?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
G. Are you performing well in terms of academics, work related with the
current status of your condominium?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
H. Does the housing your living now is complete with amenities that is
helpful to your school or work?

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Strongly Agree
Agree
Maybe
Disagree
Strongly Disagree

I. If living in a condominium that is green with lot of open spaces and with
social interactions, would you like to live and study/work there at the
same time?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree
J. If given a chance to have a school facility or a work place with a housing
facility would you like to live there?
A. Strongly Agree
B. Agree
C. Maybe
D. Disagree
E. Strongly Disagree