11-5784 JS Fire Scenarios Final

Jump Start: Fire Overpressure Analysis
in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus

A Brief Tutorial (and supplement to training and online documentation)
Anum Qassam, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Jennifer Dyment, Product Marketing, Aspen Technology, Inc.
2014 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-5784-0614
Jump Start: Fire Overpressure Analysis in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus
Table of Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Initial Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Unwetted (API) Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Calculation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Vessel Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Supercritical Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Calculation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Vessel Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Edit Flash Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Wetted (API) Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Calculation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Vessel Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Calculation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Vessel Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Edit Flash Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Introduction
API Standard 521 recommends that all pressure vessels under 25 feet in elevation be protected against overpressure
resulting from an external pool fire. A plant fire is a dangerous situation where flammable fluid is trapped inside a highpressure vessel, with heat continually added to the system. For two-phase separators, the trapped liquid inventorys
composition, temperature, and pressure are constantly in flux. For a vessel with no liquid inventory, ideal gas expansion
can ease the difficulty of the calculation, but the complexity of the relief load calculation increases substantially at nonideal conditions. The Safety Environment in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus offers a variety of calculation methodologies
to quickly calculate the orifice area required to protect a vessel against overpressure due to the fire contingency.
This is not meant to be used as a stand-alone reference document. AspenTech recommends that a range of other
resources be referenced to give the new user a comprehensive view of how to use Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus. These
may include:
Jump Start: Relief Sizing in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus V8.6
AspenTech support website (support.aspentech.com)
AspenTech courseware available in on-line and in-person versions
AspenTech business consultants
Additional jump start guidesavailable on a variety of related topics
This document provides a detailed overview of the steps required to calculate the required relief load for the fire
overpressure contingency within the Safety Environment of Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS, with a detailed overview of
calculation assumptions and nuances for both the new and experienced safety engineer.
This document will assume the user is familiar with all the basic functionality of the Safety Environment including, but not
limited to:
1. Adding a Relief Device
2. Designing and Sizing a Pressure Safety Valve
3. Multi-valve Sizing
4. Line Sizing
5. Reports
Aspen Plus or Aspen HYSYS can be used to follow this jump start guide. Use the example file PRESSURE RELIEF
STARTER.hsc in Aspen HYSYS or the example file Safety Analysis without PRD.bkp in Aspen Plus. Both files are
available on aspenONE Exchange.
Initial Setup
All examples and screenshots in this guide are based on the example file PRESSURE RELIEF STARTER.hsc in Aspen
HYSYS. If more familiar with Aspen Plus, use the Safety Analysis without PRD.bkp file instead. Make sure that the
correct units are selected when specifying parameters when prompted, as shown in Figure 1.
To begin, you should:
1. Open the file PRESSURE RELIEF STARTER.hsc or Safety Analysis without PRD.bkp
2. Enter the Safety Analysis Environment
3. Add a PSV to stream vapOut
4. Open the PSV system tab by double-clicking the icon on the flowsheet
5. Set the Design Temperature to Reference
6. Set the Design Pressure to 35 psiG
Figure 1: Initial Setup of Flowsheet and PSV System Tab
For detailed explanations on any of the aforementioned steps, please refer to the Jump Start: Relief Sizing in Aspen HYSYS
and Aspen Plus V8.6.
Tip: Are you ready to enter the Safety Environment? Before you enter the Safety Environment, confirm that the
simulation flowsheet contains a stream that best reflects the contents of the vessel (e.g. the feed stream to the
protected unit operation). For help with the Aspen Plus or Aspen HYSYS simulation environment, please refer to the
respective simulation manuals available at http://support.aspentech.com.
Unwetted (API) Calculation

This section describes how to calculate the required relief load for a vessel with all-vapor in accordance with API 521
Section 5.15.2.2.2. The Unwetted (API) method is generally applicable for ideal-like systems with vapor compressibility
between 0.8 and 1.1.
Getting Started
Select the Scenarios tab and click the Create Scenario button, as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: Scenario Tab
Double-click on the new scenario to open up the Scenario Setup screen (Figure 3). You can also highlight the scenario and
click the Open Scenario button.
Figure 3: Scenario Setup
Next, select Fire from the Scenario Type drop-down menu, as shown below in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Scenario Selector
Confirm the fluid properties by selecting the Fluid Properties tab (Figure 5). The property of specific interest in the fire
calculation is the Operating Phase of the Reference Stream (vapOut @ Main).
Figure 5: Operating Phase on Fluid Properties Tab
Since the Reference Stream is all-vapor at the operating conditions specified on the Equipment Tab, only the Unwetted
(API) and Supercritical Calculation Methods are available in the drop-down list on the Scenario Setup tab, shown in Figure
6.
Figure 6: Calculation Method Drop-down
Confirm that the Unwetted (API) method is selected.
Calculation Parameters
The Max Wall Temp. is the only calculation-specific input for the Unwetted (API) calculation (Figure 7), and it is defaulted
to the API-recommended 593.3 C (1100 F) for carbon steel. You can change this value for the specific equipment
metallurgy.
Figure 7: Unwetted (API) Calculation Parameter
Vessel Parameters
This section will detail how to specify or calculate the Exposed Area value for up to three vessels in the same system.
Specify Exposed Area

If you have a value for the Exposed Area, select No for the Calculate Exposed Area? field. The Exposed Area box will
turn blue, and you can type in the Exposed Area amount, as shown in Figure 8.
Figure 8: Unwetted (API) Specify Exposed Area
Calculate Exposed Area

If you would like to calculate the Exposed Area, select Yes for the Calculate Exposed Area?field. Enter the Diameter,
Vessel Tan/Tan, Elevation, Maximum Flame Height, and Additional Area % (Figure 9) in order to calculate the exposed
fire area per API 521.
Figure 9: Unwetted (API) Calculate Exposed Area
Note: The calculation assumes that the vessels have 2:1 Ellipsoidal heads.
Number of Vessels Selection

You can also calculate the Exposed Area as the sum of up to three vessels. From the number of vessels in the drop-down,
select 3, as shown below in Figure 10.
Figure 10: Number of Vessels Drop-down
Enter any of the equipment specific parameters for three vessels (Figure 11).
Figure 11: Unwetted (API) Exposed Area Calculation for Three Vessels
Results
The Unwetted (API) calculation methodology determines the Required Relieving Flow (Figure 12) based on Equation (12)
in API 521 5e.
Figure 12: Unwetted (API) Required Relieving Flow
The Relieving Temperature is calculated based on an ideal gas expansion from the operating conditions to the relief
temperature, per Equation (11) in API 521 5e, as shown below in Figure 13.
Figure 13: Unwetted (API) Relieving Temperature
Supercritical Calculation
This section of the document will detail the steps required to calculate the required relief load for a vessel that contains a
supercritical fluid at relieving conditions.
Note: The methodology is also applicable for non-ideal vapor systems.
The implementation is based on the algorithm developed by Ouderkirk in the article Rigorously Size Relief Valves for
Supercritical Fluids.
Getting Started
In order to use the Supercritical Calculation Method, the user must ensure that the Reference Stream Operating Phase is
Vapor (verify on Fluid Properties tab) and that the Number of Vessels is 1, as shown in Figure 14. Confirm that the
Reference Stream is still vapOut @ Main.
Figure 14: Preconditions to Use Supercritical Calculation
Select Supercritical from the Calculation Method drop-down (Figure 15).
Figure 15: Supercritical Calculation Method Selector
Select whether adequate drainage or firefighting is present near the vessel, as shown in Figure 16. The selection will affect
the constant in the fire heat flux equation (see API Section 5.15.2.2.1).
Figure 16: Supercritical Calculation Parameters
Next, specify the vessel dimensions.
Vessel Parameters
This section will detail how to specify the equipment dimensions and F factor for the Supercritical Calculation
Methodology.
Equipment Dimensions
Specify the Vessel Orientation, Diameter, Vessel Tan/Tan, Elevation, Maximum Flame Height, and Additional Area % for
the Supercritical Calculation Methodology, shown in Figure 17.
Figure 17: Supercritical Vessel Parameters
Environmental F Factor
Calculate or specify the Environmental Factor for each vessel based on the insulation conductivity and Insulation
Thickness on each vessel. An F factor of 1 means there is no insulation or heat input reduction. Traditional values for
Insulation Thickness and conductivity are available in the F1 help.
Specify F Factor
To specify the Exposed Area, select No for the Calculate F Factor? field. The Environment Factor F input will turn blue,
then enter the value in the box, as shown in Figure 18.
Figure 18: Specify F Factor
Calculate F Factor
If the user would like to calculate the Exposed Area, select Yes for the Calculate F Factor? field, as shown in Figure 19.
The Insulation k and Insulation Thickness values will become blue. Enter the numbers, as appropriate, for the vessel, then
the Environment Factor F will be calculated.
Figure 19: Calculate F Factor
Edit Flash Table

View and edit the flash details by clicking the Edit Flash Table link, as shown in Figure 20.
Figure 20: Edit Flash Table
Edit the # of Flashes and Max Iteration Temperature for better accuracy, as shown in Figure 21.
Figure 21: Supercritical Flash Data
Results
The Required Relieving Flow is determined by the Mass Flow Rate that results in the greatest Required Orifice Area from
the iterative flash calculation (see Edit Flash Table dialog box), as shown in Figure 22.
Figure 22: Supercritical Required Relieving Flow
The Relieving Temperature is based on the temperature that corresponds to the greatest Required Orifice Area from the
iterative flash calculation (see Edit Flash Table dialog box), shown in Figure 23.
10
Figure 23: Supercritical Relieving Temp
The Supercritical Calculation Methodology uses the Direct Integration (HEM) methodology to determine the Calculated
Orifice. Therefore, you cannot select an alternative sizing method and the drop-down gets deactivated.
Wetted (API) Calculation

This section of the document will detail the steps required to calculate the required relief load for a vessel that contains
liquid at relieving conditions. The implementation is based on Section 5.15.2.2.1 from API 521 5e.
Getting Started
Confirm that the Scenario Setup tab for Scenario100 of 100 PSV 001 is open (see Figure 3). To select a 2-phase stream for
this example, check the Override checkbox (Figure 24) to select an alternate stream for the scenario analysis.
Figure 24: Override Stream
The Select Reference Stream dialog box should open. Select the stream labeled FeedStream, as shown in Figure 25.
Figure 25: Reference Stream Selector
Confirm that the Reference Stream operating phase is TwoPhase (Figure 26) by checking the Fluid Properties tab.
11
Figure 26: Verify Operating Phase (Wetted Vessel)
Confirm that Fire is the selected Scenario Type (see Figure 4). The Calculation Method drop-down for fire is based on the
operating phase of the Reference Stream fluid. For a two-phase Reference Stream, Wetted (API) and Semi-Dynamic Flash
should be available in the drop-down, as shown in Figure 27. Select Wetted (API) Calculation Method.
Figure 27: Wetted (API) Calculation Method Drop-down
This section details the selection of the Calculation Parameters specific to the Wetted (API) calculation methodology.
Figure 28: Wetted (API) Drainage Parameter
Next, specify the Latent Heat of Vaporization, or use the simulation engine to estimate the Latent Heat of Vaporization for
a wide-boiling point mixture. The Required Relieving Flow is indirectly proportional to the value of the Latent Heat of
Vaporization, therefore use a reasonably conservative value in the calculation.
12
Specify the Latent Heat of Vaporization

To specify the Latent Heat of Vaporization, select No for the Estimate Latent Heat? drop-down. The Latent Heat input
box will turn blue (Figure 29), allowing you to enter the desired value.
Figure 29: Specify Latent Heat of Vaporization
Estimate the Latent Heat of Vaporization

To estimate the Latent Heat of Vaporization, select Yes for the Estimate Latent Heat? drop-down. The Initial %
Vaporized and Final % Vaporized input boxes will turn blue (Figure 30), allowing you to enter those values.
Figure 30: Estimate Latent Heat of Vaporization
The Latent Heat of Vaporization is generally based on the heat required to vaporize the specified portion of the Reference
Stream at relieving conditions (excluding sensible heat, per API 521).
Vessel Parameters
This section will detail how to determine the Exposed Area and Environmental Factor for the Wetted (API) calculation
methodology.
Exposed Area
Specify or calculate the exposed wetted surface area for up to 3 vessels by changing the Number of Vessel drop-down.
The user can continue to either specify or calculate the exposed wetted surface area for each vessel, as shown in Figure
31.
13
Figure 31: Wetted (API) Multi-vessel Configuration
Specify Exposed Area

To specify the Exposed Area for the vessel, select No for the Calculate Exposed Area? field. The Exposed Area box will
turn blue, allowing you to type in the Exposed Area, as shown in Figure 32.
Figure 32: Wetted (API) Specify Exposed Area
Calculate Exposed Area

To calculate the Exposed Area, select Yes for the Calculate Exposed Area? field. Specify the Vessel Type, Diameter,
Vessel Tan/Tan, Liquid Level, Elevation, Maximum Flame Height, and Additional Area % (Figure 33) in order to calculate
the exposed fire area per API 521.
14
Figure 33: Wetted (API) Calculate Exposed Area
Environmental Factor
Thickness on each vessel. An F factor of 1 means there is no insulation. Traditional values for Insulation Thickness and
conductivity are available in the F1 help.
Specify F Factor
Select No for the Calculate F Factor? field. The Environment Factor F input will turn blue (Figure 34), allowing you to
enter the value in the box.
Figure 34: Wetted (API) Specify F Factor
Calculate F Factor
Select Yes for the Calculate F Factor? field. The Insulation k and Insulation Thickness values will become blue, as
shown in Figure 35. Enter the numbers, as appropriate for the vessel, and the Environment Factor F will be calculated.
Figure 35: Wetted (API) Calculate F Factor
15
Results
The Required Relieving Flow (Figure 36) is calculated using the Wetted (API) calculation methodology.
Figure 36: Wetted (API) Required Relieving Flow
The Relieving Temperature is determined by a bubble-point flash of the Reference Stream liquid, as shown in Figure 37.
Figure 37: Wetted (API) Relieving Temperature
Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation

This section of the document will detail the steps required to calculate the required relief load for a vessel that contains
liquid at relieving conditions.
The Center for Chemical Process Safety in Guidelines for Pressure Relief and Effluent Handling Systems recommends
using a batch vaporization methodology to more accurately assess the Required Relieving Flow for a vessel that contains
liquid inventory. This is the methodology implemented in the Semi-Dynamic Flash calculation.
Getting Started
In order to use the Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation Method, ensure that the Reference Stream Operating Phase is Liquid
or Two-Phase (see the Getting Started section for the Wetted (API) Calculation for more details). Furthermore, confirm
that the Number of Vessels is 1, as shown in Figure 38. For users following along with the example file, confirm that
FeedStream @ Main is the selected Reference Stream.
16
Figure 38: Semi-Dynamic Flash, Confirm Operating Phase
Select Semi-Dynamic Flash from the Calculation Method drop-down, as shown in Figure 39.
Figure 39: Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation Method Drop-down
Figure 40: Semi-Dynamic Flash Drainage Drop-down
Next, specify the vessel dimensions.
Vessel Parameters
For the Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation Method, specify the Vessel Type, Diameter, Vessel Tan/Tan, Liquid Level,
Elevation, Maximum Flame Height, and Additional Area % in order to calculate the exposed fire area per API 521., as
shown in Figure 41.
Note: Since the Calculation Method is based on a series of batch vaporizations of the liquid inventory, the liquid level
will change over the course of the flashes, therefore provide only the initial liquid level at the onset of the fire.
17
Figure 41: Semi-Dynamic Flash Vessel Inputs
Environmental Factor
Thickness on each vessel. An F factor of 1 means there is no insulation. Traditional values for Insulation Thickness and
conductivity are available in the F1 help.
Specify F Factor
Select No for the Calculate F Factor? field. The Environment Factor F input will turn blue, allowing you to enter the
value in the box, as shown in Figure 42.
Figure 42: Semi-Dynamic Flash Specify F Factor
Calculate F Factor
Select Yes for the Calculate F Factor?field. The Insulation k and Insulation Thickness values will become blue, as
shown in Figure 43. Enter the numbers as appropriate for the vessel, and the Environment Factor F will be calculated.
Figure 43: Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculate F Factor
18
Edit Flash Table

You can view and edit the flash details by clicking the Edit Flash Table link, shown in Figure 44.
Figure 44: Edit Flash Table Link
If the liquid inventory vaporizes fully before the Max Iteration Temperature is reached, then its recommended to attempt
to change the # of Flashes and Max Iteration Temperature for more accurate results. Select a Max Iteration Temperature
and # of Flashes (Figure 45), so that the liquid inventory doesnt fully vaporize, and that the % Vaporized is 5-10% per
flash step.
Figure 45: Semi-Dynamic Flash Edit Flash Table
19
Results
The Required Relieving Flow (Figure 46) is determined by the maximum Vapor Volumetric Flow generated during the
step-wise batch vaporization.
Figure 46: Semi-Dynamic Flash Required Relieving Flow
The Relieving Temperature is based on the temperature that resulted in the maximum generated Vapor Volumetric Flow,
as shown in Figure 47.
Figure 47: Semi-Dynamic Flash Relieving Temperature
Conclusions
API 521 recommends that all vessels under 25 ft. in elevation be protected for the fire overpressure scenario. Depending
on the protected system, varying levels of rigor may be required in determining the required relieving load. The Safety
Environment in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus now provides rigorous determination of the required fire relief load. Users
can now size relief devices for the fire overpressure scenarioquickly and easily.
20
References
1. American Petroleum Inst., Sizing Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries, ANSI/API RP
520, 8th Ed., Part 1: Sizing and Selection, Washington D.C., Dec. 2008.
2. American Petroleum Inst., Pressure-relieving and Depressuring Systems, ANSI/API Standard 521, Fifth Ed., Jan. 2007.
3. Center for Chemical Process Safety, Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety, 2nd Ed., April 2012.
4. Ouderkirk, Ryan. Rigorously Size Relief Valves for Supercritical Fluids, in Chemical Engineering Process, August 2002.
Additional Resources
Public Website:
http://www.aspentech.com/products/relief-sizing/
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-HYSYS.aspx
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-plus/
Online Training:
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-online-training
AspenTech YouTube Channel:

http://www.youtube.com/user/aspentechnologyinc
21
About AspenTech
AspenTech is a leading supplier of software that optimizes process manufacturingfor energy, chemicals,
engineering and construction, and other industries that manufacture and produce products from a
chemical process. With integrated aspenONE solutions, process manufacturers can implement best
practices for optimizing their engineering, manufacturing, and supply chain operations. As a result,
AspenTech customers are better able to increase capacity, improve margins, reduce costs, and become
more energy efficient. To see how the worlds leading process manufacturers rely on AspenTech to
achieve their operational excellence goals, visit www.aspentech.com.
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of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
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in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus

Figure 1: Initial Setup of Flowsheet and PSV System Tab

Unwetted (API) Calculation

Figure 2: Scenario Tab

Figure 3: Scenario Setup

Figure 4: Scenario Selector

Figure 5: Operating Phase on Fluid Properties Tab

Figure 6: Calculation Method Drop-down

Confirm that the Unwetted (API) method is selected.

Figure 7: Unwetted (API) Calculation Parameter

Specify Exposed Area

Figure 8: Unwetted (API) Specify Exposed Area

Calculate Exposed Area

Figure 9: Unwetted (API) Calculate Exposed Area

Number of Vessels Selection

Figure 10: Number of Vessels Drop-down

Figure 12: Unwetted (API) Required Relieving Flow

Figure 13: Unwetted (API) Relieving Temperature

Note: The methodology is also applicable for non-ideal vapor systems.

Figure 14: Preconditions to Use Supercritical Calculation

Select Supercritical from the Calculation Method drop-down (Figure 15).

Figure 15: Supercritical Calculation Method Selector

Figure 16: Supercritical Calculation Parameters

Next, specify the vessel dimensions.

Figure 17: Supercritical Vessel Parameters

Figure 18: Specify F Factor

Figure 19: Calculate F Factor

Edit Flash Table

Figure 20: Edit Flash Table

Figure 21: Supercritical Flash Data

Figure 22: Supercritical Required Relieving Flow

Figure 23: Supercritical Relieving Temp

Wetted (API) Calculation

Figure 24: Override Stream

Figure 25: Reference Stream Selector

Figure 26: Verify Operating Phase (Wetted Vessel)

Figure 27: Wetted (API) Calculation Method Drop-down

Figure 28: Wetted (API) Drainage Parameter

Specify the Latent Heat of Vaporization

Figure 29: Specify Latent Heat of Vaporization

Estimate the Latent Heat of Vaporization

Figure 30: Estimate Latent Heat of Vaporization

Figure 31: Wetted (API) Multi-vessel Configuration

Specify Exposed Area

Figure 32: Wetted (API) Specify Exposed Area

Calculate Exposed Area

Figure 33: Wetted (API) Calculate Exposed Area

Figure 34: Wetted (API) Specify F Factor

Figure 35: Wetted (API) Calculate F Factor

Figure 36: Wetted (API) Required Relieving Flow

Figure 37: Wetted (API) Relieving Temperature

Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation

Figure 38: Semi-Dynamic Flash, Confirm Operating Phase

Figure 39: Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculation Method Drop-down

Figure 40: Semi-Dynamic Flash Drainage Drop-down

Next, specify the vessel dimensions.

Figure 41: Semi-Dynamic Flash Vessel Inputs

Figure 42: Semi-Dynamic Flash Specify F Factor

Figure 43: Semi-Dynamic Flash Calculate F Factor

Edit Flash Table

Figure 44: Edit Flash Table Link

Figure 45: Semi-Dynamic Flash Edit Flash Table

Figure 46: Semi-Dynamic Flash Required Relieving Flow