Wind Turbine Rev 0.15

Parameter Name
Profile_1_Z
Profile_2_Z
Profile_3_Z
Profile_4_Z
Profile_5_Z
Profile_6_Z
Profile_7_Z
Profile_8_Z
Profile_9_Z
Profile_10_Z
Profile_11_Z
Profile_1_Origin_X
Profile_1_Point_1_X
Profile_1_Point_2_X
Profile_1_Point_3_X
Profile_1_Point_4_X
Profile_1_Point_5_X
Profile_1_Point_6_X
Profile_1_Point_7_X
Profile_1_Point_8_X
Profile_1_Point_9_X
Profile_1_Point_10_X
Profile_1_Origin_Y
Profile_1_Point_1_Y
Profile_1_Point_2_Y
Profile_1_Point_3_Y
Profile_1_Point_4_Y
Profile_1_Point_5_Y
Profile_1_Point_6_Y
Profile_1_Point_7_Y
Profile_1_Point_8_Y
Profile_1_Point_9_Y
Profile_1_Point_10_Y
Profile_2_Origin_X
Profile_2_Point_1_X
Equation
0.75
1.225
1.7
2.175
2.65
3.125
3.6
4.075
4.55
5.025
5.5
1.0026014
1.0037437
1.0197828
1.0955483
1.2052662
1.3596593
1.468484
1.5504941
1.6084057
1.6320086
1.5923799
1.4808482
1.3388062
1.1994074
1.063227
1.0064341
1
1.7772532
1.7780007
1.7801001
1.7463118
1.6576356
1.4894334
1.3322342
1.1749286
1.0503221
1
1.0458463
1.1500643
1.2832551
1.4319666
1.6085727
1.7165776
1.7734968
1.0017635
1.0027255
Units
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Comment
Profile_2_Point_2_X
Profile_2_Point_3_X
Profile_2_Point_4_X
Profile_2_Point_5_X
Profile_2_Point_6_X
Profile_2_Point_7_X
Profile_2_Point_8_X
Profile_2_Point_9_X
Profile_2_Origin_Y
Profile_2_Point_1_Y
Profile_2_Point_2_Y
Profile_2_Point_3_Y
Profile_2_Point_4_Y
Profile_2_Point_5_Y
Profile_2_Point_6_Y
Profile_2_Point_7_Y
Profile_2_Point_8_Y
Profile_2_Point_9_Y
Profile_3_Origin_X
Profile_3_Point_1_X
Profile_3_Point_2_X
Profile_3_Point_3_X
Profile_3_Point_4_X
Profile_3_Point_5_X
Profile_3_Point_6_X
Profile_3_Point_7_X
Profile_3_Point_8_X
Profile_3_Point_9_X
1.0179776
1.0991124
1.2248695
1.41086
1.5499902
1.6629138
1.745467
1.7790167
1.7307221
1.5999594
1.4333294
1.266058
1.096135
1.0181276
1
1.6294072
1.6303759
1.6357641
1.6184667
1.55454
1.4221135
1.2909754
1.1541582
1.0443152
1
1.0366051
1.115357
1.2161051
1.3325843
1.4770175
1.5708544
1.6251921
1
1.0116239
1.0258453
1.1086872
1.2428963
1.4473131
1.6052448
1.7381811
1.8369012
1.8769702
1.8235439
1.6820716
1.5017327
1.3182992
1.1278739
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_3_Origin_Y
Profile_3_Point_1_Y
Profile_3_Point_2_Y
Profile_3_Point_3_Y
Profile_3_Point_4_Y
Profile_3_Point_5_Y
Profile_3_Point_6_Y
Profile_3_Point_7_Y
Profile_3_Point_8_Y
Profile_3_Point_9_Y
Profile_4_Origin_X
Profile_4_Point_1_X
Profile_4_Point_2_X
Profile_4_Point_3_X
Profile_4_Point_4_X
Profile_4_Point_5_X
Profile_4_Point_6_X
Profile_4_Point_7_X
Profile_4_Point_8_X
Profile_4_Point_9_X
Profile_4_Origin_Y
Profile_4_Point_1_Y
Profile_4_Point_2_Y
Profile_4_Point_3_Y
Profile_4_Point_4_Y
Profile_4_Point_5_Y
Profile_4_Point_6_Y
Profile_4_Point_7_Y
Profile_4_Point_8_Y
Profile_4_Point_9_Y
1.0361477
1.0097429
1.506319
1.5011762
1.5088841
1.5044919
1.4610249
1.3593242
1.2515654
1.1340977
1.0385212
1
1.0285995
1.0859261
1.1593671
1.2482452
1.3643184
1.4447969
1.4956299
1
1.0236704
1.0368464
1.119606
1.2581121
1.4733993
1.6432864
1.7895474
1.8991796
1.9436445
1.887131
1.7397269
1.5517819
1.3588843
1.1557326
1.0548822
1.0224793
1.4005533
1.3919813
1.4013649
1.4071014
1.3803144
1.3042838
1.2165753
1.116184
1.0333509
1
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_5_Origin_X
Profile_5_Point_1_X
Profile_5_Point_2_X
Profile_5_Point_3_X
Profile_5_Point_4_X
Profile_5_Point_5_X
Profile_5_Point_6_X
Profile_5_Point_7_X
Profile_5_Point_8_X
Profile_5_Point_9_X
Profile_5_Origin_Y
Profile_5_Point_1_Y
Profile_5_Point_2_Y
Profile_5_Point_3_Y
Profile_5_Point_4_Y
Profile_5_Point_5_Y
Profile_5_Point_6_Y
Profile_5_Point_7_Y
Profile_5_Point_8_Y
Profile_5_Point_9_Y
Profile_6_Origin_X
Profile_6_Point_1_X
Profile_6_Point_2_X
Profile_6_Point_3_X
Profile_6_Point_4_X
1.0218753
1.0615334
1.1124492
1.1783099
1.270311
1.339011
1.3862471
1
1.0363905
1.0485135
1.1302201
1.2707675
1.4928227
1.6709471
1.8269007
1.9445907
1.9922982
1.9338076
1.7830656
1.5908281
1.3921028
1.1804473
1.0729683
1.0358054
1.303376
1.2936705
1.30438
1.3187357
1.3065733
1.2534629
1.1839929
1.09944
1.0285204
1
1.0158482
1.0398811
1.0708724
1.116209
1.186471
1.2442529
1.2878432
1
1.0491145
1.0593263
1.1317819
1.2587299
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_6_Point_5_X
Profile_6_Point_6_X
Profile_6_Point_7_X
Profile_6_Point_8_X
Profile_6_Point_9_X
Profile_6_Origin_Y
Profile_6_Point_1_Y
Profile_6_Point_2_Y
Profile_6_Point_3_Y
Profile_6_Point_4_Y
Profile_6_Point_5_Y
Profile_6_Point_6_Y
Profile_6_Point_7_Y
Profile_6_Point_8_Y
Profile_6_Point_9_Y
Profile_7_Origin_X
Profile_7_Point_1_X
Profile_7_Point_2_X
Profile_7_Point_3_X
Profile_7_Point_4_X
Profile_7_Point_5_X
Profile_7_Point_6_X
Profile_7_Point_7_X
Profile_7_Point_8_X
Profile_7_Point_9_X
1.4614271
1.62571
1.7710346
1.8811499
1.9257726
1.8722644
1.7354182
1.5608803
1.3796169
1.1851799
1.0850568
1.048955
1.2137314
1.203647
1.2140231
1.2320414
1.2299456
1.1962035
1.1450155
1.0788942
1.0226107
1
1.0105566
1.0226698
1.0384252
1.0666526
1.1164464
1.1615758
1.1983784
1
1.0618107
1.06932
1.1248636
1.223551
1.3823618
1.5120459
1.6276127
1.7154317
1.7510111
1.7090209
1.6022378
1.4660307
1.3240923
1.1710439
1.0914401
1.0619013
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_7_Origin_Y
Profile_7_Point_1_Y
Profile_7_Point_2_Y
Profile_7_Point_3_Y
Profile_7_Point_4_Y
Profile_7_Point_5_Y
Profile_7_Point_6_Y
Profile_7_Point_7_Y
Profile_7_Point_8_Y
Profile_7_Point_9_Y
Profile_8_Origin_X
Profile_8_Point_1_X
Profile_8_Point_2_X
Profile_8_Point_3_X
Profile_8_Point_4_X
Profile_8_Point_5_X
Profile_8_Point_6_X
Profile_8_Point_7_X
Profile_8_Point_8_X
Profile_8_Point_9_X
Profile_8_Origin_Y
Profile_8_Point_1_Y
Profile_8_Point_2_Y
Profile_8_Point_3_Y
Profile_8_Point_4_Y
Profile_8_Point_5_Y
Profile_8_Point_6_Y
Profile_8_Point_7_Y
Profile_8_Point_8_Y
Profile_8_Point_9_Y
1.1324235
1.12249
1.1309649
1.1479093
1.151449
1.133492
1.100421
1.0549794
1.0157456
1
1.0060213
1.0098594
1.0149921
1.0295382
1.0602989
1.0912759
1.1183914
1
1.0746104
1.0802547
1.1239193
1.2026128
1.3302391
1.4352289
1.5294582
1.6012598
1.6303435
1.5965453
1.5110752
1.402044
1.2880399
1.164481
1.0995882
1.0748543
1.0773965
1.0690017
1.0760868
1.0919493
1.098909
1.0912124
1.0702215
1.0387567
1.0110895
1
1.0030524
1.0016477
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_9_Origin_X
Profile_9_Point_1_X
Profile_9_Point_2_X
Profile_9_Point_3_X
Profile_9_Point_4_X
Profile_9_Point_5_X
Profile_9_Point_6_X
Profile_9_Point_7_X
Profile_9_Point_8_X
Profile_9_Point_9_X
Profile_9_Origin_Y
Profile_9_Point_1_Y
Profile_9_Point_2_Y
Profile_9_Point_3_Y
Profile_9_Point_4_Y
Profile_9_Point_5_Y
Profile_9_Point_6_Y
Profile_9_Point_7_Y
Profile_9_Point_8_Y
Profile_9_Point_9_Y
Profile_10_Origin_X
1.0000455
1.0057236
1.0238905
1.0453052
1.0657311
1
1.0872847
1.0917152
1.127106
1.1915081
1.2965009
1.3832917
1.4615492
1.5212863
1.5454798
1.5176464
1.4475219
1.358061
1.2643091
1.1623553
1.1084691
1.0875788
1.0542307
1.0472215
1.0531996
1.0674733
1.0754427
1.072783
1.0585608
1.0354318
1.0147774
1.0065074
1.0080443
1.004441
1
1.0013931
1.0127648
1.0284844
1.0445435
1
1.0999444
1.1035215
1.1330861
1.1874189
1.2764589
1.3504184
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Profile_10_Origin_Y
Profile_11_Origin_X
Profile_11_Origin_Y
1.4174112
1.4686381
1.4893822
1.4657532
1.4064426
1.330773
1.2512948
1.164572
1.1184486
1.1002728
1.0383003
1.0335929
1.0387893
1.0519307
1.0605888
1.0614418
1.0519593
1.0346773
1.0189442
1.0126529
1.0131315
1.0080035
1.0015936
1
1.0066186
1.0183436
1.0313325
1
1.1124908
1.115351
1.1394172
1.1838672
1.2569023
1.3177136
1.3729211
1.4151723
1.4322807
1.4128889
1.3643046
1.302318
1.2371379
1.1658967
1.1278897
1.1127925
1.0288852
1.0253919
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
Mount_Profile_1_Z
Mount_Profile_2_Z
Mount_Profile_1_Diameter
Mount_Profile_2_Diameter
Mount_Profile_2_Rail_Angle_0
Gear_Pin_Diameter
Gear_Module
Gear_Profile_Coefficient
Gear_Modification
Gear_Tooth_Count
Gear_PD
Gear_ID
Gear_OD
1.0297061
1.0409106
1.0487916
1.0507665
1.0440462
1.0308276
1.018654
1.0137897
1.013844
1.0087877
1.0024455
1
1.0041879
1.0131465
1.0235422
0.125
0.5
0.375
0.375
73.703175
157.90069
134.11134
106.29092
94.153059
85.831338
81.015273
76.99378
74.510068
73.703175
73.584551
72.029578
68.941564
64.385397
54.472165
38.317579
0
0.0625
0.03125
1
0.3
15
0.4375
0.415625
0.459375
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
in
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
deg
in
ul
ul
ul
ul
in
in
in
m, default = 5
r_c*, do not change
x, default = .3
Original Dimensions
0
0.001142368
0.017181441
0.092946938
0.20266481
0.357057988
0.465882681
0.547892703
0.605804332
0.629407249
0.589778589
0.478246821
0.336204831
0.196806028
0.06062563
0.003832703
-0.002601355
0
0.000747474
0.002846884
-0.030941404
-0.119617596
-0.287819811
-0.445018996
-0.602324598
-0.72693108
-0.777253222
-0.731406964
-0.627188901
-0.493998091
-0.345286587
-0.168680552
-0.060675657
-0.003756389
0
0.000961996
min
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.002601355
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.777253222
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
shifted (conditional)
1.002601355
1.003743723
1.019782797
1.095548293
1.205266166
1.359659343
1.468484037
1.550494058
1.608405688
1.632008605
1.592379944
1.480848176
1.338806187
1.199407383
1.063226986
1.006434058
1
1.777253222
1.778000697
1.780100107
1.746311818
1.657635627
1.489433411
1.332234227
1.174928624
1.050322143
1
1.045846258
1.150064322
1.283255131
1.431966636
1.60857267
1.716577565
1.773496833
1.001763512
1.002725508
0.016214085
0.097348904
0.223105995
0.409096518
0.548226679
0.661150259
0.743703524
0.777253222
0.72895857
0.598195885
0.431565927
0.264294462
0.094371474
0.016364128
-0.001763512
0
0.000968652
0.006356895
-0.010940505
-0.074867281
-0.207293728
-0.338431807
-0.475249063
-0.585092089
-0.629407249
-0.592802104
-0.514050213
-0.413302133
-0.296822972
-0.1523897
-0.058552885
-0.004215155
0
0.011623939
0.025845343
0.108687167
0.24289633
0.447313062
0.605244815
0.738181052
0.836901185
0.876970249
0.823543878
0.682071589
0.50173265
0.318299219
0.127873923
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.001763512
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
-0.629407249
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.017977597
1.099112416
1.224869507
1.41086003
1.549990191
1.662913771
1.745467036
1.779016735
1.730722082
1.599959397
1.43332944
1.266057974
1.096134986
1.01812764
1
1.629407249
1.630375901
1.635764145
1.618466744
1.554539968
1.422113521
1.290975442
1.154158187
1.044315161
1
1.036605145
1.115357036
1.216105116
1.332584277
1.477017549
1.570854365
1.625192094
1
1.011623939
1.025845343
1.108687167
1.24289633
1.447313062
1.605244815
1.738181052
1.836901185
1.876970249
1.823543878
1.682071589
1.50173265
1.318299219
1.127873923
0.036147665
0.009742913
0
-0.005142785
0.002565073
-0.001827085
-0.045294074
-0.146994803
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Mount_Profile_1_Z
x(t)
y(t)
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
-0.02888523
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1.029706147
1.040910575
1.048791635
1.050766492
1.044046202
1.030827638
1.018653959
1.013789656
1.013843967
1.008787681
1.002445468
1
1.004187947
1.013146481
1.023542178
Mount
Profile
Gear_Module/2*((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*sin(t)-(1-Gear_Modification)*sin((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*
Gear_Module/2*((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*cos(t)-(1-Gear_Modification)*cos((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)
1_
on)*sin((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*t)+(2*Gear_Profile_Coefficient*((1-Gear_Modification)*sin((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*t)-sin(t))/sqrt(1-2*(1
ion)*cos((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*t)+(2*Gear_Profile_Coefficient*((1-Gear_Modification)*cos((Gear_Tooth_Count+1)*t)-cos(t))/sqrt(1-2*
h_Count+1)*t)-sin(t))/sqrt(1-2*(1-Gear_Modification)*cos(Gear_Tooth_Count*t)+(1-Gear_Modification)^2)))
oth_Count+1)*t)-cos(t))/sqrt(1-2*(1-Gear_Modification)*cos(Gear_Tooth_Count*t)+(1-Gear_Modification)^2)))
Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Cover Page
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

0.15 Project Rev. Date
12/11/2014
1
Description
This spreadsheet can be used to help design a wind turbine blade. Please use this tab (Worksheet) for your design. There are other tabs in which all the calculations are
done, but the actual design data will be pulled from this tab.
Fields are color coded by information type.
Input
Output
From other sheet
Text
Information / Notes
Please fill out all yellow fields. Every time you make changes, please up the revision.
Group Name
Project Revision
Number
1
Date
12/11/2014
Comment
Started the project
Group Members
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Group Leader
End of Spreadsheet
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Cover Page
Page 37
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 1
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 1: The Problem

In any engineering project, the first step is to define the problem. Joe's Miniature Farms has sent Mr. H. the following letter:
Dear Mr. H.,
Our company, "Joe's Miniature Farms" builds miniature farms all over the world. We build the most beautiful farms; you should see them lit up at night. Unfortunately,
some of these farms are far enough from civilization that we cannot get electricity to them. Farms need lots of electricity, and we would like to provide our customers
with an optional miniature windmill. Our farms have an electric pump to fill our miniature water troughs and irrigate our baby corn fields. The pump needs 5 volts to
power it.
Please design a 5-volt wind turbine to be 3D printed. Joe's Miniature farms has already contacted another company to design a wind turbine base. We need you to
design a hub and blades. Please design us a 5 volt wind turbine that can be 3D printed. Because we are just simple farmer's we want 4 pieces: a 2-part hub, and 2 blades
(to be printed vertically on our Replicator 2 printer)
Thanks,
Joe Schmall
Joe has asked for a windmill that can provide 5 volts, but is that what he really needs? Is the problem over constrained?
A) What did Joe ask for?
A 2-part hub (3D printed vertically), 2 blades (3D printed vertically), 5-volt output
B) Is there anything Joe may have missed in his request?

The farms are lit at night - what about that power requirement? What amperage does Joe need?
C) Please write your own problem description:

Build wind turbine blades and a hub that can generate as much power as possible. The pieces need to be printed vertically on a Replicator 2.
End of Spreadsheet
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254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Worksheet - 1
Page 38
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 2
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 2: Constraints
Once the problem has been defined, we need to list constraints. These include physical, environmental, construction, and many other categories.
A) Please list at least 4 possible constraints.
1) The size of the printer, 2) The amount of energy we can get out of the air, 3) Time, 4) Materials
Step 3: Independent variables and constants

When engineers start a detailed design, they begin by listing quantitative constraints. Sometimes it's had to figure out what the constraints are, but engineers have a secret
method. They list all the equations that might need to model a system, and list the variables. Variables can either be dependent (calculated) or independent (you can look
them up or guess-and-check). Independent variables are the constraints, and once they are listed out, they can be defined with numbers. At this point, engineers usually
also list constants.
Mr. H. has already gone through the equations and pulled out the independent variables and the constants.
Independent Variables
Blade length
Blade width
Airfoil profile
Sweep angle
Wind speed
Air density
Rotation speed
Constants
pi
miles to inches
hours to seconds
rotations to radians
in to ft
kilogram to pounds
cubic meter to cubic inch
3.14
63360
3600
6.283185307
0.083333333
2.20462
61023.7
ul
in/mile
sec/hr
rad/rotation
ft/in
lb/kg
in^3/m^3
"Wow," most engineers say at this moment, "I don't even know where to start!" Don't fear student, engineers have tricks for this problem as well. Many times, it is helpful
to look at just the environmental variables. Assuming the turbine will be designed to work with Mr. H.'s fan, in Mr. H.'s classroom, we can get wind velocity and air density.
Let's start with air density. Air density can be calculated from the barometric pressure and the temperature. It is, however, easier to just look it up.
Air Density
1.225 kg/m^3
On to wind velocity. The wind velocity of Mr. H.'s fan can be measured with an Anemometer, but it is also easier in this case to just ask Mr. H.
Wind velocity
10 mph
Next we need to know the rotation speed. This is one of those guess-and-check variables. The rotation speed is dependent on lots of variables, such as the wind
characteristics, and the general blade design, but it is also needed to calculate many of the variables needed to do the design. An engineer would use a method called
"steady-state convergence," where he or she will guess at the rotation speed (or any other variable), and a program will keep repeating the calculations until the calculated
rotation speed stops changing. If the engineer cannot find formulas to do the calculation, he or she has to build models to measure.
Luckily, we dont have to build a model to measure; Mr. H. measured last year's turbines.
Rotation speed
1000 rpm
To fill out the rest of our independent variables, we need some more background information.
End of Spreadsheet
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 3
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 4: Blade Length

In general, the bigger you can make a blade, the more energy it can extract. Unfortunately, a wind turbine engineer cannot just make an infinitely large blade; he or she has
constraints. The engineer has to consider the budget, the maximum footprint, and the available materials. When making extremely large blades, an engineer will have to
make sure the blade tip goes slower than the speed of sound, that the blades can support themselves, and that the blades can fit on trucks for transport.
For this project, The limiting factor for blade length is the 3D printer's print envelope. Blade length is measured from the center of blade rotation to the tip of the blade.
Please choose a blade length
Max Blade Length

A) Blade length
5.5 inch
5.5 inch
Step 6: Theoretical Power Production

A) Using the blade length above, calculate the theoretical power generation.
Future - Add theoretical power calculations to worksheet
End of Spreadsheet
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 4
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 5: Choose an airfoil profile

Airfoil profiles are very important to wind turbine design. Profiles handle low wind, high wind, and gusts differently. They also have different drag and lift properties, and
react wildly different depending on the angle of attack. For this project, we will be using pre-determined profiles because our calculations will depend on experimentally
determined lift and drag numbers.
A) Please choose a profile from the dropdown.
NACA 63-215
An airfoil profile is always defined by drawing a line from the very front point of a blade to the very back point. This line is used as an angle reference. Below, our blade
length is one unit long. This is called a unit length and will make calculations and blade scaling much easier.
Blade Profile
NACA 63-215
When the profile was chosen above, the "Profile Correction Calculations" tab was given the blade profile information. This graph was also using the same information.
End of Spreadsheet
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 5
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
Step 7: Angle of Attack

When air moves over an airfoil, engineers like to break the reaction generated into two
forces; lift and drag. Drag is a force in the direction of the wind, and lift is any force
perpendicular to the wind. If we add these forces together, we get the total force. We
want our airfoil to produce the greatest possible force.
A) What angle (on the graph below) has the greatest total force ?
Ideal attack angle
15 degrees
Total Force
1.6
Force Multiplier [unitless]
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
Drag
0.6
Lift
Total
0.4
0.2
0
0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Angle of Attack [degree]
End of Spreadsheet
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Blade Design
Worksheet - 6
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 8: Twist
Imagine you are riding a bike. The faster you pedal, the more (man made) wind you feel on your face. Now, imagine you are
riding with wind blowing at you from the right. Just like forces, the man made wind, and true wind combine into a resultant
wind.
Now, think of a wind turbine. At the very center of rotation, the blade barely moves, but as you
move towards the tip, the blade it's self moves quite fast. Your blade profile has an ideal angle
with respect to the wind. To correct for the changing wind direction as we move towards the tip,
we twist the blade.
Engineers will use fancy programs to calculate the apparent angle of the wind at hundreds
to points along the blade. For this project, we will use just eleven points. To calculate the
apparent angle of the wind, we find out how fast a point on the blade is moving. There
will be a man-made wind going that speed, in the opposite direction. Just like with the
bike example, we add the man-made wind and the true wind together to get the resultant
wind.
A) Choose correction angles at 11 points along the blade to get the apparent angle of attack close to the ideal angle of attack.
Point
Distance from hub to point [in]
Angle of apparent wind [deg]
Correction angle [deg]
Apparent angle of attack [deg]
Ideal angle of attack [deg]
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0.75 1.225
1.7
2.175 2.65 3.125
3.6
4.075 4.55 5.025
5.5
114.05 126.09 135.33 142.31 147.62 151.73 154.97 157.59 159.73 161.51 163.01
-51
-39
-30
-23
-17
-13
-10
-7
-5
-3
-2
14.951 14.913 14.673 14.694 15.384 15.272 15.026 15.413 15.273 15.493 14.992
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
*must be 0 to -90 deg
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Blade Design
Worksheet - 6
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
End of Spreadsheet
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 7
Group Name
Group Members
Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.

12/11/2014
1
Step 9: Sweep
Wind turbine blades have a sweep to help with efficiency. It is very difficult to
calculate the ideal sweep, so for this project, the sweep is fixed.
Point
Distance of sweep from leading edge
1
0
2
0
3
4
5
0.0125 0.025 0.0375
6
0.05
7
8
9
0.0625 0.075 0.0875
10
0.1
11
0.1125
Blade (Top view, no twist)

0
Leading Edge
Trailing Edge
Left Side
Right Side
End of Spreadsheet
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Worksheet - 8
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
Step 10: Blade width

Have you ever noticed the wind turbine blades taper towards the tip? It would actually be more efficient to make the blade as wide as possible at the tip, but engineers
Forces
0.6
Force [lb]
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
Spin Force
Spin Normal
Position from Hub [in]
A) Adjust the leading to trailing edge distances to make get the most spin force - but don't get more than 0.5 lb of spin normal force. Also, don't make the profile any wider
Max blade width
1 inch
Point
Distance from leading to trailing edge
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
1
6
0.9
7
0.7
8
0.56
9
0.46
10
0.39
11
0.32
Blade (Top view, no twist)

0
Leading Edge
Trailing Edge
Left Side
Right Side
Weak-Axis Stress
450
400
Stress [lb/in^2]
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0
3
Position from Hub [in]
Weak Axis Stress
End of Spreadsheet
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Blade Design
Profile Correction Calculations
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
Description
This spreadsheet does transformations on the blade profile, producing geometry for modeling and calculations. Using data from the "Blade Profile Infromation" spreadsheet
and the "Lift and Drag Calculation" spreadsheets, it calculates geometry for 3D modeling and for the lift and drag calculations.
There is no information that needs to be edited on this sheet.
Blade Profile
Profile Name
Point Number
X [unit]
Y [unit]
NACA 63-215
Orig
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0001 0.0086 0.0825 0.2205 0.4483 0.6389 0.8128 0.946
0.0014 0.0151 0.0528 0.0822 0.0963 0.082 0.0467 0.0133
9
1
0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0.9394 0.7883 0.5954 0.3921 0.1692 0.0496 0.0013
-0.002 -0.023 -0.05 -0.064 -0.059 -0.035 -0.004
Extents
Max
X
Y
1 unit
0.096342 unit
X
Y
Min
0.000138 unit
-0.06434 unit
Scale Factor
Desired delta X
1 unit
Current delta X
Scale Factor
0.999862 unit
1.000138019 unit/unit
Scaled profile
Point Number
X [unit]
Y [unit]
Orig
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0.0001 0.0086 0.0825 0.2205 0.4484 0.639 0.8129 0.9462 1.0001 0.9396 0.7884 0.5955 0.3922 0.1692 0.0496 0.0013
0.0014 0.0151 0.0528 0.0822 0.0964 0.082 0.0467 0.0133
0
-0.002 -0.023 -0.05 -0.064 -0.059 -0.035 -0.004
Centered for graph

Point Number
X [unit]
Y [unit]
Orig
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
0.0001 0.0086 0.0825 0.2205 0.4484 0.639 0.8129 0.9462 1.0001 0.9396 0.7884 0.5955 0.3922 0.1692 0.0496 0.0013
0.0804 0.0817 0.0955 0.1331 0.1626 0.1767 0.1624 0.1271 0.0937 0.0804 0.0784 0.0573 0.0307 0.016 0.0213 0.0451 0.076
Centered about origin

Point Number
X [unit]
Y [unit]
Orig
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0.0001 0.0086 0.0825 0.2205 0.4484 0.639 0.8129 0.9462 1.0001 0.9396 0.7884 0.5955 0.3922 0.1692 0.0496 0.0013
0.0014 0.0151 0.0528 0.0822 0.0964 0.082 0.0467 0.0133
0
-0.002 -0.023 -0.05 -0.064 -0.059 -0.035 -0.004
Vector definitaions of points

Point Number
Length [unit]
Angle [rad]
Orig
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0.0014 0.0174 0.098 0.2353 0.4586 0.6443 0.8142 0.9463 1.0001 0.9396 0.7887 0.5976 0.3974 0.1792 0.0608 0.0046
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569 0.2117 0.1276 0.0574 0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029 -0.083 -0.163 -0.336 -0.618 -1.286
Blade Slice 1
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
1
-51
14.95123212
1
0
0
0.75
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
Original angle [rad]
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.89 0.5794 0.1642 -0.321 -0.533
Rotated & Scaled X [in]
0
0.0011 0.0172 0.0929 0.2027
Rotated & Scaled Y [in]
0
0.0007 0.0028 -0.031 -0.12
After offset X
0
0.0011 0.0172 0.0929 0.2027
After offset Y
0
0.0007 0.0028 -0.031 -0.12
5
0.2117
-0.678
0.3571
-0.288
0.3571
-0.288
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
6
0.1276
-0.762
0.4659
-0.445
0.4659
-0.445
-0.890117919 rad
0.260948228 rad
7
0.0574
-0.833
0.5479
-0.602
0.5479
-0.602
8
0.0141
-0.876
0.6058
-0.727
0.6058
-0.727
9
0
-0.89
0.6294
-0.777
0.6294
-0.777
10
-0.002
-0.892
0.5898
-0.731
0.5898
-0.731
11
-0.029
-0.919
0.4782
-0.627
0.4782
-0.627
12
-0.083
-0.973
0.3362
-0.494
0.3362
-0.494
13
-0.163
-1.053
0.1968
-0.345
0.1968
-0.345
14
-0.336
-1.226
0.0606
-0.169
0.0606
-0.169
15
-0.618
-1.508
0.0038
-0.061
0.0038
-0.061
16
-1.286
-2.176
-0.003
-0.004
-0.003
-0.004
Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569 0.2117 0.1276 0.0574 0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029 -0.083 -0.163 -0.336 -0.618 -1.286
Angle for lift/drag [rad] 0.2609 1.7305 1.3153 0.8297 0.6179 0.4726 0.3886 0.3184 0.275 0.2609 0.2589 0.2317 0.1778 0.0983 -0.075 -0.357 -1.025
0
-2E-04 0.0044 0.0661 0.1918 0.4083 0.5962 0.7733 0.9107 0.9663 0.9083 0.7676 0.5881 0.3955 0.1787 0.057 0.0024
12/17/2014
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254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Profile Correction Calculations
Page 47
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
0.0013 0.0169 0.0723 0.1363 0.2088 0.2441 0.2549 0.257
12/11/2014
1
0.258 0.2405 0.1811 0.1057 0.039 -0.013 -0.021 -0.004
Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)

Min
-0.000217061
-0.021226163
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.966279119
0.258032402
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.966496181
0.279258566
Blade Slice 2
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
2
-39
14.91269171
1
0
0
1.225
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.680678408 rad
0.260275571 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.681 0.7888 0.3736 -0.112 -0.324
0
0.001 0.0162 0.0973 0.2231
0
0.001 0.0064 -0.011 -0.075
After offset X
0
0.001 0.0162 0.0973 0.2231
After offset Y
0
0.001 0.0064 -0.011 -0.075
5
0.2117
-0.469
0.4091
-0.207
0.4091
-0.207
6
0.1276
-0.553
0.5482
-0.338
0.5482
-0.338
7
0.0574
-0.623
0.6612
-0.475
0.6612
-0.475
8
0.0141
-0.667
0.7437
-0.585
0.7437
-0.585
11
-0.029
-0.71
0.5982
-0.514
0.5982
-0.514
12
-0.083
-0.764
0.4316
-0.413
0.4316
-0.413
13
-0.163
-0.843
0.2643
-0.297
0.2643
-0.297
14
-0.336
-1.016
0.0944
-0.152
0.0944
-0.152
15
-0.618
-1.298
0.0164
-0.059
0.0164
-0.059
16
-1.286
-1.967
-0.002
-0.004
-0.002
-0.004

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
Angle for lift/drag [rad] 0.2603 1.7298 1.3146 0.829
0
-2E-04 0.0044 0.0662
0
0.0013 0.0168 0.0722
5
0.2117
0.472
0.4085
0.2085
6
0.1276
0.3879
0.5964
0.2437
7
0.0574
0.3177
0.7735
0.2544
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2744 0.2603 0.2582 0.2311
0.9109 0.9665 0.9084 0.7678
0.2564 0.2574 0.2399 0.1806
12
-0.083
0.1772
0.5882
0.1053
13
-0.163
0.0976
0.3955
0.0387
14
-0.336
-0.075
0.1787
-0.013
15
-0.618
-0.357
0.057
-0.021
16
-1.286
-1.026
0.0024
-0.004
4
0.3569
0.6172
0.1919
0.1362
9
0
-0.681
0.7773
-0.629
0.7773
-0.629
10
-0.002
-0.683
0.729
-0.593
0.729
-0.593

Min
-0.000216155
-0.02126448
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.966452468
0.25738237
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.966668623
0.27864685
Blade Slice 3
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
3
-30
14.67250333
1
-0.010825318
0.00625
1.7
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.523598776 rad
0.256083493 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.524 0.9459 0.5307 0.0452 -0.167
0
0.0008 0.015 0.0979 0.2321
0
0.0011 0.0088 0.0044 -0.039
After offset X
0
0.0116 0.0258 0.1087 0.2429
After offset Y
0
-0.005 0.0026 -0.002 -0.045
5
0.2117
-0.312
0.4365
-0.141
0.4473
-0.147
6
0.1276
-0.396
0.5944
-0.249
0.6052
-0.255
7
0.0574
-0.466
0.7274
-0.366
0.7382
-0.372
8
0.0141
-0.51
0.8261
-0.462
0.8369
-0.468
11
-0.029
-0.553
0.6712
-0.414
0.6821
-0.42
12
-0.083
-0.607
0.4909
-0.341
0.5017
-0.347
13
-0.163
-0.686
0.3075
-0.252
0.3183
-0.258
14
-0.336
-0.859
0.117
-0.136
0.1279
-0.142
15
-0.618
-1.141
0.0253
-0.055
0.0361
-0.062
16
-1.286
-1.81
-0.001
-0.004
0.0097
-0.011

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-2E-04 0.0045 0.0665
0
0.0013 0.0168 0.0719
5
0.2117
0.4678
0.4094
0.2068
6
0.1276
0.3837
0.5974
0.2412
7
0.0574
0.3135
0.7745
0.2511
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2702 0.2561 0.254 0.2269
0.9119 0.9675 0.9094 0.7685
0.2526 0.2533 0.2361 0.1774
12
-0.083
0.173
0.5886
0.1028
13
-0.163
0.0935
0.3957
0.0371
14
-0.336
-0.08
0.1787
-0.014
15
-0.618
-0.362
0.0569
-0.022
16
-1.286
-1.03
0.0024
-0.004
4
0.3569
0.613
0.1925
0.1354
9
0
-0.524
0.8661
-0.5
0.877
-0.506
10
-0.002
-0.526
0.8127
-0.471
0.8235
-0.478
X [in]
Y [in]
Min
-0.000210502
-0.021503059
Max
0.96752294
0.253328676
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.967733442
0.274831735
Blade Slice 4
Slice number
Angle for geometry
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
4
-23 deg
-0.401425728 rad
Page 48
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
Angle for lift/drag

Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
14.69414778
1
-0.023012621
0.009768278
2.175
deg
in
in
in
in
12/11/2014
1
0.25646126 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.401 1.0681 0.6529 0.1673 -0.045
0
0.0007 0.0138 0.0966 0.2351
0
0.0012 0.0106 0.0163 -0.01
After offset X
0
0.0237 0.0368 0.1196 0.2581
After offset Y
0
-0.009 0.0008 0.0065 -0.02
5
0.2117
-0.19
0.4504
-0.087
0.4734
-0.096
6
0.1276
-0.274
0.6203
-0.174
0.6433
-0.184
7
0.0574
-0.344
0.7665
-0.275
0.7895
-0.284
8
0.0141
-0.387
0.8762
-0.357
0.8992
-0.367
11
-0.029
-0.431
0.7167
-0.329
0.7397
-0.339
12
-0.083
-0.485
0.5288
-0.278
0.5518
-0.288
13
-0.163
-0.564
0.3359
-0.212
0.3589
-0.222
14
-0.336
-0.737
0.1327
-0.12
0.1557
-0.13
15
-0.618
-1.019
0.0319
-0.052
0.0549
-0.062
16
-1.286
-1.688
-5E-04
-0.005
0.0225
-0.014

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-2E-04 0.0045 0.0665
0
0.0013 0.0168 0.072
5
0.2117
0.4681
0.4093
0.2069
6
0.1276
0.3841
0.5973
0.2414
7
0.0574
0.3139
0.7745
0.2514
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2705 0.2565 0.2544 0.2273
0.9119 0.9674 0.9093 0.7684
0.2529 0.2537 0.2364 0.1777
12
-0.083
0.1734
0.5886
0.1031
13
-0.163
0.0938
0.3957
0.0372
14
-0.336
-0.079
0.1787
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15
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0.0569
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16
-1.286
-1.03
0.0024
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4
0.3569
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0.1924
0.1355
9
0
-0.401
0.9206
-0.391
0.9436
-0.401
10
-0.002
-0.403
0.8641
-0.369
0.8871
-0.379

Min
-0.000211012
-0.021481575
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.967427172
0.253694156
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.967638183
0.275175731
Blade Slice 5
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
5
-17
15.38358265
1
-0.035861428
0.010963939
2.65
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.296705973 rad
0.268494168 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.297 1.1728 0.7576 0.2721 0.0602
0
0.0005 0.0127 0.0944 0.2349
0
0.0013 0.012 0.0263 0.0142
After offset X
0
0.0364 0.0485 0.1302 0.2708
After offset Y
0
-0.01 0.001 0.0154 0.0032
5
0.2117
-0.085
0.457
-0.039
0.4928
-0.05
6
0.1276
-0.169
0.6351
-0.108
0.6709
-0.119
7
0.0574
-0.239
0.791
-0.193
0.8269
-0.204
8
0.0141
-0.283
0.9087
-0.264
0.9446
-0.275
11
-0.029
-0.326
0.7472
-0.253
0.7831
-0.263
12
-0.083
-0.38
0.555
-0.222
0.5908
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13
-0.163
-0.459
0.3562
-0.176
0.3921
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14
-0.336
-0.632
0.1446
-0.106
0.1804
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15
-0.618
-0.914
0.0371
-0.048
0.073
-0.059
16
-1.286
-1.583
-6E-05
-0.005
0.0358
-0.016

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-2E-04 0.0043 0.0656
0
0.0013 0.0169 0.0728
5
0.2117
0.4802
0.4068
0.2118
6
0.1276
0.3961
0.5944
0.2486
7
0.0574
0.3259
0.7714
0.2607
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2826 0.2685 0.2664 0.2393
0.9087 0.9643 0.9064 0.7663
0.2638 0.2653 0.2474 0.1869
12
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0.1854
0.5873
0.1101
13
-0.163
0.1059
0.3952
0.042
14
-0.336
-0.067
0.1788
-0.012
15
-0.618
-0.349
0.0571
-0.021
16
-1.286
-1.018
0.0024
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4
0.3569
0.6254
0.1908
0.1378
9
0
-0.297
0.9564
-0.292
0.9923
-0.303
10
-0.002
-0.299
0.8979
-0.277
0.9338
-0.288
X [in]
Y [in]
Min
-0.000227226
-0.020795665
Max
0.96430453
0.265316472
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.964531756
0.286112136
Blade Slice 6
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
6
-13
15.27209197
0.9
-0.048718503
0.011247553
3.125
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.226892803 rad
0.266548289 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569 0.2117 0.1276 0.0574 0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029 -0.083 -0.163 -0.336 -0.618 -1.286
Angle for geometry [rad] -0.227 1.2426 0.8274 0.3419 0.13 -0.015 -0.099 -0.169 -0.213 -0.227 -0.229 -0.256 -0.31 -0.39 -0.563 -0.844 -1.513
0
0.0004 0.0106 0.0831 0.21 0.4127 0.577 0.7223 0.8324 0.8771 0.8235 0.6867 0.5122 0.3309 0.1365 0.0363 0.0002
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
Page 49
of 55
Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Group Name
Group Members

After offset X
After offset Y
0
0
0

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
0.0012 0.0115 0.0296 0.0275 -0.006 -0.057 -0.124 -0.18 -0.202 -0.192 -0.18 -0.164 -0.136 -0.086 -0.041 -0.004
0.0491 0.0593 0.1318 0.2587 0.4614 0.6257 0.771 0.8811 0.9258 0.8723 0.7354 0.5609 0.3796 0.1852 0.0851 0.049
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Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-2E-04 0.0039 0.0592
0
0.0012 0.0152 0.0654
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
0.3569 0.2117 0.1276 0.0574 0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.6235 0.4782 0.3942 0.324 0.2806 0.2665 0.2645 0.2373
0.172 0.3665 0.5354 0.6947 0.8183 0.8683 0.8162 0.69
0.1237 0.19 0.2227 0.2333 0.2359 0.2371 0.221 0.1669
12
-0.083
0.1834
0.5288
0.0981
13
-0.163
0.1039
0.3558
0.0371
14
-0.336
-0.069
0.1609
-0.011
15
-0.618
-0.351
0.0514
-0.019
16
-1.286
-1.02
0.0022
-0.004

Min
-0.000202145
-0.018816113
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.86833708
0.237095595
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.868539226
0.255911708
Blade Slice 7
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
7
-10
15.02573029
0.7
-0.061550485
0.010853011
3.6
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.174532925 rad
0.262248466 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
0
0.0003 0.0078 0.0633 0.162
0
0.0009 0.0094 0.0263 0.0299
After offset X
0
0.0618 0.0693 0.1249 0.2236
After offset Y
0
-0.01 -0.001 0.0155 0.019
5
0.2117
0.0371
0.3208
0.0119
0.3824
0.0011
6
0.1276
-0.047
0.4505
-0.021
0.512
-0.032
7
0.0574
-0.117
0.5661
-0.067
0.6276
-0.077
8
0.0141
-0.16
0.6539
-0.106
0.7154
-0.117
11
-0.029
-0.204
0.5407
-0.112
0.6022
-0.123
12
-0.083
-0.258
0.4045
-0.107
0.466
-0.117
13
-0.163
-0.337
0.2625
-0.092
0.3241
-0.103
14
-0.336
-0.51
0.1095
-0.061
0.171
-0.072
15
-0.618
-0.792
0.0299
-0.03
0.0914
-0.041
16
-1.286
-1.461
0.0004
-0.003
0.0619
-0.014

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-2E-04 0.0031 0.0462
0
0.0009 0.0118 0.0506
5
0.2117
0.4739
0.2856
0.1465
6
0.1276
0.3899
0.4171
0.1714
7
0.0574
0.3197
0.5411
0.1791
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2763 0.2622 0.2602 0.233
0.6373 0.6762 0.6356 0.5372
0.1807 0.1815 0.1692 0.1275
12
-0.083
0.1791
0.4116
0.0745
13
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0.0996
0.2768
0.0277
14
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-0.073
0.1251
-0.009
15
-0.618
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0.0399
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16
-1.286
-1.024
0.0017
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4
0.3569
0.6192
0.1342
0.0956
9
0
-0.175
0.6895
-0.122
0.751
-0.132
10
-0.002
-0.177
0.6475
-0.116
0.709
-0.126

Min
-0.00015317
-0.014806449
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.676159959
0.181502004
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.676313129
0.196308453
Blade Slice 8
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
8
-7
15.41300768
0.56
-0.074440961
0.009140201
4.075
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.122173048 rad
0.269007732 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
0
0.0002 0.0058 0.0495 0.1282
0
0.0007 0.0078 0.0237 0.0307
After offset X
0
0.0746 0.0803 0.1239 0.2026
After offset Y
0
-0.008 -0.001 0.0146 0.0215
5
0.2117
0.0895
0.2558
0.023
0.3302
0.0138
6
0.1276
0.0054
0.3608
0.002
0.4352
-0.007
7
0.0574
-0.065
0.455
-0.029
0.5295
-0.039
8
0.0141
-0.108
0.5268
-0.057
0.6013
-0.066
11
-0.029
-0.151
0.4366
-0.067
0.5111
-0.076
12
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-0.205
0.3276
-0.068
0.402
-0.077
13
-0.163
-0.285
0.2136
-0.063
0.288
-0.072
14
-0.336
-0.458
0.09
-0.044
0.1645
-0.054
15
-0.618
-0.74
0.0251
-0.023
0.0996
-0.032
16
-1.286
-1.409
0.0004
-0.003
0.0749
-0.012

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-1E-04 0.0024 0.0367
0
0.0008 0.0095 0.0408
5
0.2117
0.4807
0.2277
0.1188
6
0.1276
0.3966
0.3328
0.1394
7
0.0574
0.3264
0.4319
0.1462
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2831 0.269 0.2669 0.2398
0.5088 0.5399 0.5075 0.429
0.148 0.1489 0.1388 0.1049
12
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0.1859
0.3289
0.0619
13
-0.163
0.1064
0.2213
0.0236
14
-0.336
-0.067
0.1002
-0.007
15
-0.618
-0.349
0.032
-0.012
16
-1.286
-1.017
0.0013
-0.002
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
4
0.3569
0.6259
0.1068
0.0772
9
0
-0.122
0.5559
-0.068
0.6303
-0.077
10
-0.002
-0.124
0.5221
-0.065
0.5965
-0.074
Page 50
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1

Min
-0.000127634
-0.011629141
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.539934162
0.148854534
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.540061795
0.160483675
Blade Slice 9
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
9
-5
15.27319054
0.46
-0.087167036
0.007626127
4.55
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.087266463 rad
0.266567462 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
0
0.0001 0.0045 0.0399 0.1043
0
0.0006 0.0066 0.0209 0.0288
After offset X
0
0.0873 0.0917 0.1271 0.1915
After offset Y
0
-0.007 -0.001 0.0132 0.0212
5
0.2117
0.1244
0.2093
0.0262
0.2965
0.0186
6
0.1276
0.0404
0.2961
0.012
0.3833
0.0043
7
0.0574
-0.03
0.3744
-0.011
0.4615
-0.019
8
0.0141
-0.073
0.4341
-0.032
0.5213
-0.039
11
-0.029
-0.116
0.3604
-0.042
0.4475
-0.05
12
-0.083
-0.17
0.2709
-0.047
0.3581
-0.054
13
-0.163
-0.25
0.1771
-0.045
0.2643
-0.053
14
-0.336
-0.423
0.0752
-0.034
0.1624
-0.041
15
-0.618
-0.705
0.0213
-0.018
0.1085
-0.026
16
-1.286
-1.374
0.0004
-0.002
0.0876
-0.01

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-1E-04 0.002 0.0302
0
0.0006 0.0078 0.0334
5
0.2117
0.4782
0.1873
0.0971
6
0.1276
0.3942
0.2736
0.1138
7
0.0574
0.324
0.3551
0.1192
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2807 0.2666 0.2645 0.2374
0.4183 0.4438 0.4172 0.3526
0.1206 0.1212 0.113 0.0853
12
-0.083
0.1835
0.2703
0.0501
13
-0.163
0.1039
0.1818
0.019
14
-0.336
-0.069
0.0823
-0.006
15
-0.618
-0.351
0.0263
-0.01
16
-1.286
-1.02
0.0011
-0.002
4
0.3569
0.6235
0.0879
0.0632
9
0
-0.087
0.4583
-0.04
0.5455
-0.048
10
-0.002
-0.089
0.4305
-0.039
0.5176
-0.046

Min
-0.000103331
-0.009616621
X [in]
Y [in]
Max
0.443814406
0.121190703
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.443917737
0.130807323
Blade Slice 10
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
10
-3
15.49317783
0.39
-0.099862953
0.005233596
5.025
deg
deg
in
in
in
in
-0.052359878 rad
0.270406965 rad
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
0
8E-05 0.0037 0.0332 0.0876
0
0.0005 0.0057 0.0189 0.0275
After offset X
0
0.0999 0.1035 0.1331 0.1874
After offset Y
0
-0.005 0.0005 0.0136 0.0223
5
0.2117
0.1593
0.1766
0.0284
0.2765
0.0231
6
0.1276
0.0753
0.2506
0.0189
0.3504
0.0137
7
0.0574
0.0051
0.3175
0.0016
0.4174
-0.004
8
0.0141
-0.038
0.3688
-0.014
0.4686
-0.019
11
-0.029
-0.082
0.3066
-0.025
0.4064
-0.03
12
-0.083
-0.135
0.2309
-0.031
0.3308
-0.037
13
-0.163
-0.215
0.1514
-0.033
0.2513
-0.038
14
-0.336
-0.388
0.0647
-0.026
0.1646
-0.032
15
-0.618
-0.67
0.0186
-0.015
0.1184
-0.02
16
-1.286
-1.339
0.0004
-0.002
0.1003
-0.007

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-9E-05 0.0017 0.0255
0
0.0005 0.0066 0.0284
5
0.2117
0.4821
0.1585
0.0829
6
0.1276
0.398
0.2316
0.0974
7
0.0574
0.3278
0.3006
0.1023
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2845 0.2704 0.2683 0.2412
0.3542 0.3759 0.3533 0.2987
0.1036 0.1042 0.0972 0.0735
12
-0.083
0.1873
0.229
0.0434
13
-0.163
0.1078
0.1541
0.0167
14
-0.336
-0.065
0.0698
-0.005
15
-0.618
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0.0223
-0.008
16
-1.286
-1.016
0.0009
-0.002
4
0.3569
0.6273
0.0743
0.0539
9
0
-0.052
0.3895
-0.02
0.4894
-0.026
10
-0.002
-0.054
0.3659
-0.02
0.4658
-0.025
X [in]
Y [in]
Min
-8.96221E-05
-0.008067676
Max
0.375880155
0.104192596
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.375969777
0.112260273
Blade Slice 11
Slice number
Angle for geometry
Angle for lift/drag
Width
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
11
-2 deg
14.99197276 deg
0.32 in
-0.034906585 rad
0.261659286 rad
Page 51
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Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
X offset
Y offset
Z offset
12/11/2014
1
-0.112431468 in
0.003926193 in
5.5 in
Geometry
Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
4
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688 0.3569
0
6E-05 0.0029 0.027 0.0714
0
0.0004 0.0047 0.016 0.0238
After offset X
0
0.1125 0.1154 0.1394 0.1839
After offset Y
0
-0.003 0.0008 0.012 0.0199
5
0.2117
0.1768
0.1445
0.0258
0.2569
0.0219
6
0.1276
0.0927
0.2053
0.0191
0.3177
0.0152
7
0.0574
0.0225
0.2605
0.0059
0.3729
0.0019
8
0.0141
-0.021
0.3027
-0.006
0.4152
-0.01
11
-0.029
-0.064
0.2519
-0.016
0.3643
-0.02
12
-0.083
-0.118
0.1899
-0.023
0.3023
-0.026
13
-0.163
-0.198
0.1247
-0.025
0.2371
-0.029
14
-0.336
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0.0535
-0.021
0.1659
-0.025
15
-0.618
-0.653
0.0155
-0.012
0.1279
-0.016
16
-1.286
-1.321
0.0004
-0.001
0.1128
-0.005

Point Number
Orig
1
2
3
0
1.4695 1.0543 0.5688
0
-7E-05 0.0014 0.0211
0
0.0004 0.0054 0.0231
5
0.2117
0.4733
0.1306
0.0669
6
0.1276
0.3893
0.1907
0.0782
7
0.0574
0.3191
0.2474
0.0817
8
9
10
11
0.0141
0
-0.002 -0.029
0.2757 0.2617 0.2596 0.2324
0.2914 0.3092 0.2906 0.2456
0.0824 0.0828 0.0772 0.0581
12
-0.083
0.1786
0.1882
0.034
13
-0.163
0.099
0.1266
0.0126
14
-0.336
-0.074
0.0572
-0.004
15
-0.618
-0.356
0.0182
-0.007
16
-1.286
-1.025
0.0008
-0.001
4
0.3569
0.6186
0.0614
0.0437
9
0
-0.035
0.3198
-0.011
0.4323
-0.015
10
-0.002
-0.037
0.3005
-0.011
0.4129
-0.015
X [in]
Y [in]
Min
-6.97663E-05
-0.006779408
Max
0.309150528
0.082790214
Normal [in]
Tangential [in]
0.309220294
0.089569621
End of Spreadsheet
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
Page 52
of 55
Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Lift and Drag Calculations
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
Description
This spreadsheet calculates lift and drag based off of inputs from the "Blade Design" sheet, the "Profile Correction Calculations" sheet, and the profile information sheet. Lift
There is no information that needs to be edited on this sheet.
Parameters
Constants
True wind velocity

True wind velocity
True wind angle
Man-made wind angle
Velocity at reference point
Angular velocity
Radius
10
176
90
180
1000
104.7197551
5.5
mph
in/sec
deg
deg
rpm
rad/sec
in
pi
miles to inches
hours to seconds
rotations to radians
in to ft
Air Density
Air Density
kilogram to pounds
cubic meter to cubic inch
3.14
63360
3600
6.283185307
0.083333333
1.225
4.42559E-05
2.20462
61023.7
ul
in/mile
sec/hr
rad/rotation
ft/in
kg/m^3
lb/in^3
lb/kg
in^3/m^3
Initial Values
Sweep distance [in]
Blade width [in]
Blade angle [degrees]
1
0
1
-51
X offset [in]
Y offset [in]
Z offset [in]
0
0
0.75
2
0
1
-39
3
4
5
0.0125 0.025 0.0375
1
1
1
-30
-23
-17
6
0.05
0.9
-13
7
8
9
0.0625 0.075 0.0875
0.7
0.56
0.46
-10
-7
-5
10
0.1
0.39
-3
11
0.1125
0.32
-2
0
-0.011 -0.023 -0.036 -0.049 -0.062 -0.074 -0.087 -0.1 -0.112
0
0.0063 0.0098 0.011 0.0112 0.0109 0.0091 0.0076 0.0052 0.0039
1.225
1.7
2.175 2.65 3.125
3.6
4.075 4.55 5.025
5.5
*these values are assuming offset perp to angle

*these values are assuming offset perp to angle
Geometry For plotting

Leading Edge [in]
Trailing Edge [in]
Left Side
Righ Side
0
0
-0.011 -0.023 -0.036 -0.049 -0.062 -0.074 -0.087
-1
-1
-1.011 -1.023 -1.036 -0.949 -0.762 -0.634 -0.547
0
-1
-0.112 -0.432
-0.1
-0.49
-0.112
-0.432
Velocity
Z point velocity [in/sec]
Angle of apperent wind [rad]
Angle of apperent wind [deg]
78.54 128.28 178.02 227.77 277.51 327.25 376.99 426.73 476.47 526.22 575.96
1.9905 2.2006 2.3619 2.4837 2.5764 2.6482 2.7048 2.7504 2.7878 2.8188 2.845
114.05 126.09 135.33 142.31 147.62 151.73 154.97 157.59 159.73 161.51 163.01
*calculating velocity using ang velocity

*angle is from rotation direction to wind direction
Table to pass values to Profile sheet

Blade angle [degrees]
Chord to wind angle [deg]
Width [in]
X offset [in]
Y offset [in]
Z offset [in]
-51
-39
-30
-23
-17
-13
-10
-7
-5
-3
-2
14.951 14.913 14.673 14.694 15.384 15.272 15.026 15.413 15.273 15.493 14.992
1
1
1
1
1
0.9
0.7
0.56
0.46
0.39
0.32
0
0
-0.011 -0.023 -0.036 -0.049 -0.062 -0.074 -0.087 -0.1 -0.112
0
0
0.0063 0.0098 0.011 0.0112 0.0109 0.0091 0.0076 0.0052 0.0039
0.75 1.225
1.7
2.175 2.65 3.125
3.6
4.075 4.55 5.025
5.5
*calculated later in this sheet
Values from Profile sheet

Normal length [in]
Tangential length [in]
0.9665 0.9667 0.9677 0.9676 0.9645 0.8685 0.6763 0.5401 0.4439 0.376 0.3092
0.2793 0.2786 0.2748 0.2752 0.2861 0.2559 0.1963 0.1605 0.1308 0.1123 0.0896
Blade Characteristics
Lift Experimental Equation

Drag Experimental Equation
m5
m4
m3
m2
m1
b
1E-07 -3E-05 0.0007 -0.006 0.128 0.1138
5E-07 -1E-05 0.0001 -4E-04 0.0005 0.0058
Angle of attack [deg]

Angle of apperent wind [deg]
Chord to wind angle [deg]
Apperent ang. of attack [deg]
Lift Coefficient [ul]
Drag Coefficient [ul]
-51
114.05
165.05
14.951
1.4152
0.0352
-39
126.09
165.09
14.913
1.4155
0.0347
-30
135.33
165.33
14.673
1.4164
0.0318
-23
142.31
165.31
14.694
1.4164
0.0321
-17
147.62
164.62
15.384
1.4084
0.0414
-13
151.73
164.73
15.272
1.4108
0.0397
y=m5*(x^5)+m4*(x^4)+m3*(x^3)+m2*(x^2)+m1*(x)+b
y=lift
x=angle
-10
154.97
164.97
15.026
1.4145
0.0362
-7
157.59
164.59
15.413
1.4077
0.0419
-5
159.73
164.73
15.273
1.4107
0.0397
-3
161.51
164.51
15.493
1.4056
0.0432
-2
163.01
165.01
14.992
1.4149
0.0357
*verify this formula - should it be added or subtracted?
Averages
Average Angle of attack [deg]
Average angle of wind [deg]
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
-45
-34.5 -26.5
-20
-15
-11.5
-8.5
-6
-4
-2.5
120.07 130.71 138.82 144.96 149.67 153.35 156.28 158.66 160.62 162.26
254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Lift and Drag Calculations
Page 53
of 55
Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Lift and Drag Calculations
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
Av. Wind to chord angle [deg]
14.932 14.793 14.683 15.039 15.328 15.149 15.219 15.343 15.383 15.243
Average Lift Coefficient [ul]

Average Drag Coefficient [ul]
1.4154 1.416 1.4164 1.4124 1.4096 1.4126 1.4111 1.4092 1.4082 1.4102
0.0349 0.0333 0.0319 0.0367 0.0405 0.0379 0.039 0.0408 0.0414 0.0394
Average Z offset [in]

Z difference [in]
0.9875 1.4625 1.9375 2.4125 2.8875 3.3625 3.8375 4.3125 4.7875 5.2625
0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475 0.475
Average normal length [in]

Average tangent length [in]
0.9666 0.9672 0.9677 0.9661 0.9165 0.7724 0.6082 0.492 0.4099 0.3426
0.279 0.2767 0.275 0.2806 0.271 0.2261 0.1784 0.1456 0.1215 0.1009
12/11/2014
1
Lift and Drag

Z point velocity [in/sec]
True wind velocity [in/sec]
Wind apperent velocity [in/sec]
Wind-tangent Area [in^2]
Wind-normal area [in^2]
Lift Force [lb]
Drag Force [lb]
103.41
176
204.13
0.1325
0.4591
0.1729
-0.015
153.15
176
233.31
0.1315
0.4594
0.2242
-0.018
202.89
176
268.59
0.1306
0.4597
0.2954
-0.023
252.64
176
307.9
0.1333
0.4589
0.395
-0.035
302.38
176
349.87
0.1287
0.4354
0.4915
-0.048
352.12
176
393.66
0.1074
0.3669
0.5203
-0.048
401.86
176
438.71
0.0847
0.2889
0.5093
-0.048
451.6
176
484.69
0.0692
0.2337
0.5068
-0.05
501.35
176
531.34
0.0577
0.1947
0.5079
-0.05
551.09
176
578.51
0.0479
0.1627
0.5006
-0.048
Spin force from lift [lb]

Spin force from drag [lb]
Spin force total [lb]
0.1223 0.127 0.1318 0.1351 0.1272 0.1037 0.0753 0.053 0.0354 0.0218
0.0105 0.0152 0.021 0.0332 0.0462 0.0468 0.0475 0.0493 0.0503 0.0475
0.1327 0.1421 0.1528 0.1683 0.1734 0.1505 0.1227 0.1022 0.0857 0.0693
*these calcs only work if 0 > blade ang > -90
Spin normal force from lift [b]

Spin normal force from drag [b]
Spin normal force [lb]
0.1223 0.1848 0.2643 0.3711 0.4748 0.5098 0.5037 0.504 0.5066 0.5001
-0.01 -0.01 -0.01 -0.012 -0.012 -0.01 -0.007 -0.005 -0.004 -0.002
0.1118 0.1743 0.2539 0.3591 0.4624 0.5003 0.4966 0.4988 0.5031 0.4981
(up is positive)
*verify these calcuations using scale model

*verify these calcuations using scale model
Weak Axis Forces

Section 1 force
Section 2 force
Section 3 force
Section 4 force
Section 5 force
Section 6 force
Section 7 force
Section 8 force
Section 9 force
Section 10 force
Total weak axis forces
Angle
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
45 0.1729 0.2238 0.2875 0.3729 0.4495 0.4602 0.4379 0.425 0.4163 0.4012
55.5
0.2159 0.2697 0.3421 0.4048 0.4074 0.3824 0.3668 0.3556 0.3392
63.5
0.25 0.3108 0.3615 0.3579 0.3314 0.3141 0.3012 0.2843
70
0.281 0.3211 0.3125 0.2852 0.2667 0.2526 0.2355
75
0.2871 0.2748 0.2471 0.2279 0.213 0.1959
78.5
0.2472 0.2193 0.1996 0.1843 0.1672
81.5
0.1948 0.1748 0.1591 0.1422
84
0.1538 0.1378 0.121
86
0.1206 0.1039
87.5
0.091
Total
3.6474
3.0839
2.5111
1.9545
1.4458
1.0176
0.6709
0.4126
0.2245
0.091
3.6474 3.0839 2.5111 1.9545 1.4458 1.0176 0.6709 0.4126 0.2245 0.091
Weak Axis Moments

Section 1 force
Section 2 force
Section 3 force
Section 4 force
Section 5 force
Section 6 force
Section 7 force
Section 8 force
Section 9 force
Section 10 force
Total weak axis moment
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0.1063 0.2732 0.5314 0.8541 1.0929 1.2481 1.4132 1.5821 1.7152
0
0.1281 0.325 0.5768 0.774 0.9082 1.0454 1.1823 1.2891
0
0
0.1476 0.3434 0.51 0.6297 0.7459 0.8584 0.9452
0
0
0
0.1525 0.2969 0.4064 0.5067 0.5999 0.6712
0
0
0
0
0.1305 0.2347 0.3247 0.4047 0.4652
0
0
0
0
0
0.1042 0.1897 0.2626 0.3177
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0831 0.1512 0.2026
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0655 0.115
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0494
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8.8164 6.229 4.1802 2.6335 1.5599 0.8742 0.4368 0.1804 0.0494
Dist
0.9875
1.4625
1.9375
2.4125
2.8875
3.3625
3.8375
4.3125
4.7875
5.2625
Total
8.8164
6.229
4.1802
2.6335
1.5599
0.8742
0.4368
0.1804
0.0494
0
Weak Axis Stress

Slice
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Strong axis width
0.9665 0.9667 0.9677 0.9676 0.9645 0.8685 0.6763 0.5401 0.4439 0.376 0.3092
Weak axis width
0.2793 0.2786 0.2748 0.2752 0.2861 0.2559 0.1963 0.1605 0.1308 0.1123 0.0896
Section
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Average Strong axis width [in]
0.9666 0.9672 0.9677 0.9661 0.9165 0.7724 0.6082 0.492 0.4099 0.3426
Average weak axis width [in]
0.279 0.2767 0.275 0.2806 0.271 0.2261 0.1784 0.1456 0.1215 0.1009
2nd Moment of Area (weak axis)
0.021 0.0209 0.0208 0.0211 0.0174 0.0087 0.0033 0.0014 0.0007 0.0003
*StrongAxis^3*WeakAxis/12 - assuming rectangular profile
Weak axis stress
419.98 298.52 201.3 124.89 89.708 100.66 130.61 124.82 70.733
0
End of Spreadsheet
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Lift and Drag Calculations
Page 54
of 55
Wind Turbine
Blade Design
Generalized Blade Profile
Group Name
Group Members

Sheet Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. No.
12/11/2014
1
Description
This sheet loads information from a blade profile
Blade Name
NACA 63-215
Graphs
Blade Profile
NACA 63-215
Lift
Drag
1.8
0.09
1.6
0.08
1.4
0.07
1.2
0.06
EllipSys2D
Experimental
0.8
XFOIL
0.6
0.4
0.05
EllipSys2D
0.04
Experimental
XFOIL
0.03
0.02
0.2
0.01
0
0
10
15
20
25
0
0
10
15
20
25
Blade Profile (info from AutoCAD)

Point Number
X [unit]
Y [unit]
12/17/2014
8:30 AM
Orig
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0.0001 0.0086 0.0825 0.2205 0.4483 0.6389 0.8128 0.946
0.0014 0.0151 0.0528 0.0822 0.0963 0.082 0.0467 0.0133
9
1
0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
0.9394 0.7883 0.5954 0.3921 0.1692 0.0496 0.0013
-0.002 -0.023 -0.05 -0.064 -0.059 -0.035 -0.004
254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Generalized Blade Profile
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254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Cover Page

Sheet Rev. Date

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Step 1: The Problem

B) Is there anything Joe may have missed in his request?

C) Please write your own problem description:

Sheet Rev. Date

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Step 3: Independent variables and constants

Sheet Rev. Date

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Step 4: Blade Length

Max Blade Length

Step 6: Theoretical Power Production

Sheet Rev. Date

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Step 5: Choose an airfoil profile

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

Step 7: Angle of Attack

Force Multiplier [unitless]

Angle of Attack [degree]

Sheet Rev. Date

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

*must be 0 to -90 deg

Sheet Rev. Date

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Blade (Top view, no twist)

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

Step 10: Blade width

Position from Hub [in]

Blade (Top view, no twist)

Weak Axis Stress

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

Centered for graph

Centered about origin

Vector definitaions of points

Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Profile Correction Calculations

Rotated & Scaled Y [in]

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

0.0013 0.0169 0.0723 0.1363 0.2088 0.2441 0.2549 0.257

0.258 0.2405 0.1811 0.1057 0.039 -0.013 -0.021 -0.004

Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)

Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)

Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)

254995391.xlsx.ms_office / Profile Correction Calculations

11/10/2014 Project Rev. Date

Sheet Rev. Date

Angle for lift/drag

Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)

Geometry with wind corrected angle (not for drafting)

Lift/Drag length (for calculating areas)