16/11/2014

EssayonLinguisticDiversityinIndia

EssayonLinguisticDiversityinIndia
byPujaMondalLanguage

HereisyouressayonlinguisticdiversityinIndia!
Indiahasbecomealandofmanytonguesandhasbeencalledasatower
ofveritablelanguagesoraMuseumoflanguages.In1950,theStates
inIndiawerereorganizedonlinguisticbasis.Asaresult,thedomicilesof
aparticularstatespeakaparticularlanguage.TheConstitutionofIndia
hasapprovedof22languages.

ImageCourtesy:upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/Great_Mogul_Lord_Weeks.jpg

InIndiawefindanumberoflanguages.Indiahasalsobeencalleda
TowerofBabel.Thismultilingualnatureofthecountryaffectsevery
aspectofhernationallife.Butlinguisticdiversitywasnotagreat
probleminthepastsinceSanskritinthebeginning,laterPersianand
duringlasthundredyearsEnglishservedaslinklanguages.
Atpresentthelanguageproblemhasbecomesoacutethatithasposeda
majorthreattonationalintegration.Mostoftenlinguistictensionsare
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EssayonLinguisticDiversityinIndia

beingmanifestedintheborderswhicharebilingual.
Forexample,inBelgaumthereisatugofwarbetweenMarathiand
Kannadaspeakingpeople.AssamconfrontedwithBengaliandAssamese.
AlthoughHindihasbeenrecognizedasthenationallanguage,thishas
promotedbitterhostilities,particularlyintheSouth.Languageproblem
hasneverbeenasintenselyfeltasitistoday.EvenBiharandUtter
Pradesharenotfreefromthelinguisticproblems.Further,conflicttends
topersistamongtheUrdu,HindiandOriyalinguisticgroupsandUrdu
andHindispeakingpeoplerespectively.
CausesofLinguism:
Someoftheimportantcausesoflinguismarediscussedbelow:
1.LoveofLiterature:
Loveofliteraturecreatesandstrengthensasenseofloyaltytowardsit
amongthelinguisticgroups.Theselinguisticloyaltieshamperthe
evolutionofacommonlanguage.
2.GeographicalCauses:
Geographicalconditionsalsopromotelinguism.Peoplelivingina
particularlocalitytendtospeakthesamelanguage.Thispromoteslocal
identityanddistinctivenessamongpeople.Livingtogether
geographicallyreinforcesalinguisticgroupsloveforitsownlanguage.
3.HistoricalCauses:
LinguisminIndiaisabyproductofIndiasstrugglefornational
freedom.OurleadersoffreedommovementcriticizedtheBritishsystem
ofdividingcountrybycuttingacrosslinguisticboundaries.Rather,they
pleadedforthedivisionofIndiaintodifferentprovincesalonglinguistic
lines.Afterindependence,in1956,theStateswerereorganizedonthe
basisofhomogeneityoflanguages.ThereorganizationoftheStateson
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linguisticlineshasprovidedgeographicalfoundationsforsub
nationalisminIndia.
4.PoliticalCauses:
Parochialpoliticalpartiescreatelinguisticfeelingamongthepeopleofa
localityandexploittheirsentimentsatthetimeofelection.
5.PsychologicalCauses:
Languagehascertainpsychologicalandemotionalcharacteristicswhich
invokethefeelingofethnocentrismtoahomogeneousgroup.InIndia,
thelinguisticgroupsaretiedtogetherbytiesofcommoninterest.This
createsthespiritofregionalism,sectarianismandseparatistfeelingin
themindoftheinhabitant.
ConsequencesofLinguism:
Theevilsoflinguismareasfollows:
1.IncreasingRegionalismandParochialism:
Thepeopleofdifferentlinguisticgroupswhoareconcentratedinastate
seemtothinkonlyintermsofinterestsoftheirownStates.This
underminesconsiderationofnationalissuesandcausesparochial
feelings.
2.FormationofRegionalPoliticalParties:
Linguismhasresultedinregionalismwhichhasultimatelyledtothe
formationofregionalpoliticalpartiesinsomestate.Someofthese
regionalpoliticalpartieshavealsoformedgovernment.Suchpolitical
partiesinpoweroftencomplicateCentreStaterelationship.
3.PersecutionoftheLinguisticMinorities:
TheStateReorganizationCommissionhadprovidedforsafeguardof
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linguisticminoritiesinStates.Butinrealitythelinguisticminoritieshave
beenharassedindifferentStates.Asaresultcertaincomplicationsand
disturbingtrendshavedevelopedwhichseemtohavethreatenedthe
unityofthecountry.
4.DemandforSeparateStates:
Linguisticconflictstakeplaceduetoselfishmotiveofpoliticians.These
politiciansinstigatethelinguisticminoritytodemandpartitionofthe
Statesalonglinguisticlines.Thedemandforaseparatestatecreates
problemsfortheconcernedstateaswellasthecentre.
5.ErosionofNationalFeeling:
Thenationalfeelingiserodedduetolinguisticandregionalloyalties.The
erosionofnationalfeelingthreatensthesovereigntyofthecountry.
6.InterStateBorderDispute:
Languageproblemshavecreatedtensionsintheboarderwhichare
bilingual.Forexample,theGoansaredividedonthebasisofKonkani
andMarathilanguages.

RemedialMeasures:
Followingmeasuresmaybetakenfortheeradicationoftensionsbetween
differentlinguisticgroups.
1.DevelopmentofaNationalLanguage:
AlthoughHindihasbeenrecognizedasthenationallanguage,ithas
causedbitterhostilities,particularlyintheSouth.Itwillbeunwiseto
imposeHindionnonHindispeakingpeople.Therefore,thepropagation
ofHindiasthenationallanguagerequireslotmostcareandtact.
2.DevelopmentofCommonScript:
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AtpresentthereareanumberofscriptsinIndia.Butifacommonscript
isevolved,itwouldbreakthroughthescriptbarrierwhichseparatesone
languageareafromanother.M.N.Srinivasssuggestionfortheuseof
RomanScriptmayalsobeconsidered.
3.BanonPoliticalPartiesandotherOrganisations:
Theregionalpoliticaloranyotherorganizationwhichtrytoexploitthe
sentimentsofpeoplealongthelinguisticlinesshouldbebanned.
TheSarkariaCommissionwasappointedin1983toexaminethe
languageprobleminIndia.TheCommissionmadeacoupleof
recommendationsforthesolutionoftheproblem.Itsuggestedthatthe
styles,formsandexpressionofEnglishalongwithotherregional
languagesaretoberetainedintheprocessofdevelopmentofofficial
language.Thethreelanguageformulasuchasregionallanguage,Hindi
andEnglishshouldbeproperlyimplemented.

RelatedArticles:
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TheLinguisticDivisionofStatesinIndia|IndianStates
NationalLanguageandNationalUnityofIndia
EssayontheDifferentFormsofDiversityinIndia
ProblemsofNationalIntegrationinIndia
ClassificationsofPoliticalPartiesinIndia

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6. ParagraphonTribalMovementsinIndia
7. ProblemsinAchievingNationalIntegrationinIndia
Notes
8. EssayonBodoLangauge(281Words)
9. EssayonPoliticalModernizationinIndia
10. TheProblemsinAchievingNationalIntegrationinIndia
, ArticlesonDiversityinIndia,ArticlesonLanguage

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