ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION

B14-ME-ELP
Dated: 18-11-2014

Last Date:

-11-2014

ASSIGNMENT
1. What is electrical power supply system? Why higher voltages are required to transmit
electrical power? Draw a single line diagram of a typical A.C power supply scheme.
2. What do you understand by sag & tension of a power transmission line? How sag is
calculated and what factors affect it?
3. Draw and explain the types and constructional details of underground cables used for
electrical power transmission?
4. 5. A 20-km single-phase transmission line having 0.823 cm diameter has two line
conductors separated by 1.5 metre. The conductor has a resistance of 0.311 ohm per kilo
metre. Find the loop impedance of this line at 50 Hz.
5. A single-phase line has an impedance of 5 60 and supplies a load of 120 A, 3,300 V at
0.8 p.f. lagging. Calculate the sending-end voltage and draw a vector diagram.
6. A 3-phase, 50-Hz, 220-kV transmission line consists of conductors of 1.2 cm radius
spaced 2 meters at the corners of an equilateral triangle. Calculate the corona power loss
per km of the line at a temperature of 20C and barometric pressure of 72.2 cm. Take the
surface factors of the conductor as 0.96.
7. An insulator string consists of three units, each having a safe working voltage of 15 kV.
The ratio of self-capacitance to shunt capacitance of each unit is 8:1. Find the maximum
safe working voltage of the string. Also find the string efficiency.
8. A 132 kV line with 1956 cm dia. conductors is built so that corona takes place if the line
voltage exceeds 210 kV(r.m.s.). If the value of potential gradient at which ionization
occurs can be taken as 30 kV per cm, find the spacing between the conductors.
9. A 132 kV transmission line has the following data:
Wt. of conductor = 680 kg/km;
Length of span = 260 m
Ultimate strength = 3100 kg;
Safety factor = 2
Calculate the height above ground at which the conductor should be supported. Ground
clearance required is 10 meters.

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10. A transmission line has a span of 150 m between level supports. The conductor has a
cross-sectional area of 2 cm. The tension in the conductor is 2000 kg. If the specific
gravity of the conductor material is 99 gm/cm and wind pressure is 15 kg/m length,
calculate the sag. What is the vertical sag?
11. A transmission tower on a level ground gives a minimum clearance of 8 meters for its
lowest conductor with sag of 10 m for a span of 300 m. If the same tower is to be used
over a slope of 1 in 15, find the minimum ground clearance obtained for the same span,
same conductor and same weather conditions.
12. Define the following,
i.
Load Duration Curve
ii.
Diversified (Coincident) Demand ( Dg)
iii.
Non Coincident Demand
iv.
Demand Factor (D.F)
v.
Load Diversity
vi.
Diversity Factor
13. Numerical (2): - The load demand of a typical day on two primary feeders of 11 / 0.4, 250
kVA transformers are tabulated below. Determine,
Feeder 12AM 2AM 4AM 6AM 8AM 10AM 12Noon 2PM 4PM 6PM 8PM 10PM
20
20
20
40
100
80
80
80
105
80
40
30
A
10
5
5
10
15
15
15
15
25
25
60
60
B

(a) Diversity factor of the load connected to transformer.

(b) Coincident factor of the load connected to transformer.
(c) Load Diversity of two feeders.
14. Differentiate between primary selective and secondary selective distribution system.
15. Define power capacitor and explain Importance of Reactive Power Balance:
16. Explain shunt and series capacitors. Also discuss their advantages.
17. Differentiate between Distribution and Power Transformers
18. Define Voltage Regulation. Explain why distribution transformer must have a good
voltage regulation?
19. A 6.6 / 0.44 kV single phase transformer has an equivalent resistance of 0.02 p.u. and an
equivalent reactance of 0.05 p.u. Find the full load voltage regulation at 0.8 lagging power
factor, if the primary voltage is 6.6 kV. Find also the secondary terminal voltage at full
load.
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20. A 500 kVA transformer with 0.01 p.u. resistance and 0.05 p.u. reactance is connected in
parallel with a 250 kVA transformer with 0.015 p.u. resistance and 0.04 p.u. reactance.
The secondary voltage of each transformer is 400 V. Find how they share a load of 750
kVA with 0.8 power factor lagging.
21. Assume that a 250 kVA transformer with a 2.4% impedance is paralleled with a 500 kVA
transformer having 3.1% impedance. Determine the maximum load that can be carried
without overloading any of the transformer. Also assume that maximum allowable
transformer loading is 100%
22. Two transformers A and B have an impedance of 2.8%. A load of 675 kVA is to be shared
by them. Ratings of transformers A and B are 250 and 500 kVA respectively. Calculate
the load on each transformer and comment on the results.

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