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taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;csKyf

OD;oefY

OD;OD;cefYf

r[moa&pnfolOD;oefY (22 .1.1909)

rS (25.11.1974) onf jrefrmEdkifiH\wpfOD;
wnf;aom ukvor*taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;
csKyfwm0efxrf;aqmifcJholjzpfNyD; ukvor*\
wwd,ajrmuf taxGaxGwGif;a&;rSL;csKyfwm0ef
udk (1961)rS (1971)xd wm0efxrf;aqmifcJhol
jzpfonf/ ukvor*\'kwd,ajrmuftaxGaxG
twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf'uf[rf;rm;dI; 1961 ckESpf?
pufwifbmvtwGi;f av,mOfysuu
f saoqH;k Ny;D
aemufydkif; if;\ae&mwGif ta&G;cs,fcHcJh&jcif;
jzpfonf/ OD;oefYtm; if;arG;zGm;&m yef;waemfNrdKU umvuwm;NrdKU (,ck udkvf;um;wm;)txd oGm;
udk&nfpl; yef;waemfOD;oefY[ktrnfwGifcJhonf/ a&mufynmoifMum;cJhzl;oljzpf&m t*Fvdyfpmudk
U Thant, January 22, 1909 November 25, aumif;pGmwwfuRrf;oljzpfonf/ OD;oefY\zcif
1974) was a Myanmar diplomat and the third
f trsK;d tEG,w
f rYkd mS Ak'b
momudk ,HMk unf
Secretary-General of the United Nations OD;zd;k ESp\
from 1961 to 1971.A native of Pantanaw, Muolrsm;jzpfMuNyD; &efukefNrdKU ol&d,owif;pm
Thant was educated at the National High udkxlaxmifcJhonf/ xdkacwfu jrefrmvlrsKd;rsm;
School and at the Yangon University. He wGif t*FvdyfpmwwfuRrf;ol&Sm;yg;vS&m armif
was appointed as Secretary-General in 1961
oefaY v;rSmzcifxrH S t*Fvyd pf mESiphf mayA[kow
k
when his predecessor, Dag Hammarskjold
died in an air crash U is an honorific in wdkYudk oif,lavhvmqnf;yl;cGifh&&SdcJhavonf/
k if o
H ak woetoif;udk wnfaxmif&mwGif
Myanmar roughly equal to Mr. Thant jrefrmEdi
was his only name, per Myanmar convention. vnf; tzGJU0ifwpfa,muftjzpfyg0ifcJhonf/
In Myanmar, he was known as Pantanaw Thant, the eldest of four sons, was born in
U Thant, in reference to his hometown, Pantanaw, colonial Myanmar to a moderately
Pantanaw.
wealthy family of landowners and rice
OD;oefYudk 1909ckESpf? Zefe0g&Dv 22&uf merchants. Educated in Calcutta, Thants
aomMumaeYwGif {&m0wDwdkif;? yef;waemfNrdKU father Po Hnit was the only person in the
tz OD;zdk;ESpf? trd a':eef;aomifwdkYrS zGm;jrifcJh town who could communicate well in
avonf/ arG;csif;nDtpfudk av;OD;teuftBuD; English.[2] He was a founding member of the
Myanmar Research Society and had helped
qHk;jzpfonf/ rdbrsm;rSmatmifjrifaom ajrydkif&Sif establish The Sun (Thuriya) newspaper in
ESiq
hf efuek o
f nfrsm;jzpfMuonf/ zcifO;D zd;k ESpo
f nf Yangon.

armifoefo
Y nfi,fpOfuyif pma&;q&mvkyf
&ef 0goemxHck &hJ m a&S;acwfjrefrmpmayynm&SiBf u;D
rsm;a&;om;cJhaomysKdU? uAsm? armfuGef;&mZ0if
ponfh a&S;a[mif;pmayrsm;ESifh &mZ0ifrsm;udk
tcsdef&vQif&ovdkavhvmvdkufpm;cJhonf/ odkY
aomf armifoefYtouf 14ESpft&G,fwGif zcif
BuD; kwfw&uf uG,fvGefoGm;cJh&m rdcifjzpfol
a':eef;aomifrSm om;av;a,mufESifhb0udk
kef;uefBudK;pm;&awmhonf/ armifoefYonf
wuov
kd Nf y;D qH;k aomtcg yef;waemfNrKd UtrsK;d om;
ausmif;wGifq&mvkyf&efjyefvmcJhonf/ touf
25ESpf wGif xdak usmif;\ausmif;tkyjf zpfvmcJo
h nf/
xdktcsdefwGif teD;tem;&SdrtlyifNrdKUwGifaexdkifNyD;
ynmtkyfjzpfaom aemifwpfcsdef jrefrmEkdifiH\
0efBuD;csKyfjzpfvmrnfhOD;EkESifhcifrif&if;ESD;cJhonf/
OD;oefYonf]oDv0} [laom uavmiftrnfjzifh
tcsKdUr*Zif;ESifh owif;pmtwGuf aqmif;yg;
tywfpOfa&;ay;onf/ OD;oefYonf pmtkyftcsKdU
udkvnf;bmomjyefcJhonf/
Po Hnit had collected a personal library of
various American and British books and
cultivated a reading habit among his children.
When Thant was fourteen, his father died and
a series of inheritance disputes forced Thants

mother, Nan Thaung, and her four children

into difficult financial times.After the death
of his father, Thant believed he would not
be able to complete a four-year degree and
instead worked for a two-year teaching
certificate at Yangon University in 1926.
As the oldest son, he had to fulfill his filial
duties and responsibilities of the family. In
1931, Thant won first place in All Myanmar
Teachership Examination and became the
schools headmaster by the age of twentyfive. He returned to Pantanaw to teach at the
National High School as a senior teacher in
1928. Thant regularly contributed to several
newspapers and magazines under the pen
name Thilawa and translated a number
of books, including one on the League of
Nations.

vGwfvyfa&;&cgpjrefrmEdkifiHwGif OD;Ek0efBuD;
csKyfjzpfvmaomtcg OD;oefYudk&efukefodkYac:,l
NyD; 1948ckEpS w
f iG t
f oHviT Xhf me\TeMf um;a&;rSL;
tjzpf wm0efay;tyfcJhonf/ aemufESpfrsm;wGif
OD;oefYtm; jrefrmtpdk;&\jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme
wGif twGif;a&;rSL;tjzpf wm0efay;tyfjcif;cHcJh
&onf/ OD;oefYonf 1951 ckESpfrS 1957ckESpf
txd 0efBuD;csKyf\twGif;a&;rSL;tjzpf wm0ef
xrf;aqmifcJhNyD; rdefYcGef;rsm;a&;om;
ay;jcif;? EdkifiHjcm;c&D;pOfrsm;pDpOfay;
jcif;ESifh EdkifiHjcm;rS {nfhonfawmf
rsm;udkvufcHawGUqHkjcif;wdkYudk aqmif
&GufcJhonf/ EdkifiHwumuGefz&ifh
trsm;tjym;ud k wuf a &muf c J h N yD ;
1955 ckESpf tif'ekd ;D &Sm;Edik if ?H befa'gif;
NrKd UwGif usi;f yonfbuf
h rvdu
k v
f yI &f mS ;
rIudkarG;zGm;ay;cJhonf/ yxrtBudrf
tm&S-tmz&duEdik if rH sm;qdik &f mnDvmcH
wGif twGif;a&;rSL;tjzpfaqmif&Guf
cJhonf/

1948, Myanmar gained independence from

the United Kingdom. When Thants friend
Nu became the prime minister of the newly
independent Myanmar, he asked Thant
to join him in Yangon and appointed him
director of broadcasting in 1948. By then,
civil war broke out in Myanmar. Thant was
appointed secretary to the government of
Myanmar in the Ministry of Information.
From 1951 to 1957, Thant was secretary to
the prime minister, writing speeches for U
Nu, arranging his foreign travel, and meeting
foreign visitors. During this entire period, he
was U Nus closest confidant and advisor.He
also took part in a number of international
conferences and was the secretary of the first
AsianAfrican summit in 1955 at Bandung,
Indonesia, which gave birth to the NonAligned Movement. From 1957 to 1961.

1957ckEpS w
f iG f OD;oeft
Y m;ukvor*qikd &f m
jrefrmoHtrwfBuD;tjzpfcefYtyfum wm0ef
xrf;aqmif&ef tar&duefjynfaxmifpk? e,l;
a,mufNrdKUodkY apvTwfcJhonf/ OD;oefYonf
1957 ckESpfrS 1961ckESpftxd jrefrmEkdifiH\
ukvor* tNrw
J rf;ud,
k pf m;vS,t
f jzpfomru
t,fv*f s;D &D;,m;Edik if \
H vGwv
f yfa&;aphpyfaqG;aEG;
rIrsm;wGiv
f nf;yg0ifco
hJ nf/ 1960jynfEh pS fwGif
jrefrmtpd;k &onf OD;oefu
Y kd jynfaxmifppk nfol
o*F[jyefwrf;t& r[moa&pnfob
l UJG ESihf Av
kd &f m
xl;ay;tyfonf/
In 1957, U Thant. was Burmas permanent
representative to the United Nations and
became actively involved in negotiations
over Algerian independence. In 1961,
Thant was named UN Chairman of Congo

Commission. The Myanmar government

awarded him the title Maha Thray Sithu as a
commander in the order of Pyidaungsu Sithu.

OD;oefYonf ukvor*\wwd,ajrmuf
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;csKyfjzpfNyD; ,if;&mxl;tm;
tm&SEkdifiHrsm;xJrS yxrOD;qHk;&&Sdoljzpfonf/
OD;oefYonf 1961ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv 3&ufrSpwif
um taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;csKyftjzpf cefYtyf
jcif;cHcJh&onf/ xdkYaemuf 1962ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv
30&ufwGif taxGaxGnDvmcHrS ukvor*taxG
axGtwGi;f a&;rSL;csKyt
f jzpf 1966ckEpS ?f Ek0d ifbmv
3&uf oufwrf;txdcefYtyfjcif;cHcJh&onf/ ol\
yxroufwrf;twGif;wGif usL;bm;'Hk;ysHjyem
(Cuban Missile Crisis)udak jz&Si;f ay;&mwGif yg0if
aphpyfay;rIESifhuGef*dkjynfwGif;ppfudkNyD;qHk;apcJhjcif;
wdkYaMumifh trsm;utodtrSwfjyKjcif;cHcJh&onf/
In September 1961, United Nations SecretaryGeneral Dag Hammarskjld was killed
in a plane crash en route to Congo. The
Security Council hurriedly searched for a new
Secretary-General. On November 3, 1961,
Thant was unanimously appointed as acting
Secretary-General by the General Assembly,
on the recommendation of the Security
Council in Resolution 168. On November 30,
1962, he was then unanimously appointed as
secretary-general by the General Assembly
for a term of office ending on November 3,
1966. During his first term, he was widely
credited for his role in defusing the Cuban
Missile Crisis and for ending the civil war
in the Congo. He also said that he wanted to
ease tensions between major powers while
serving at the UN.

OD ; oef Y o nf 1966ck E S p f ? 'D Z if b mv 2

&ufwGif vHkjcHKa&;aumifpDrS wnDwGwfwnf;
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t jzpf xyf rH cefY tyf jcif; cH cJh & onf/ ol \
taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL;csKyf 'kwd,oufwrf;rSm
1971ckESpf? 'DZifbmv 31&uf oltNidrf;pm;
,lrnft
h csed t
f xdjzpfonf/ ol\twGi;f a&;rSL;csKyf
oufwrf;twGif;wGif ukvor*odkY tm&SESifh
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a&;twGuf MunfhIapmifhMuyfcJh&NyD; olonf
awmiftmz&du tom;ta&mifcGJjcm;rIudktjyif;
txefqefYusifoljzpfonf/ xdkYtjyif olonf
UNDP, UN University, UNCTAD ESifh UN
Environmental Programme tygt0if ,ltifef
zGHUNzdK;a&;ESifh obm0ywf0ef;usif xdef;odrf;apmifh
a&Smufa&;ESifhoufqkdifaom at*sifpD? &efyHkaiG
tzGJUESifhydk*&rftajrmuftjrm;udk wnfaxmifcJh
onf/

dozens of new Asian and African states

and was a firm opponent of apartheid
in South Africa. He also established
many of the UNs development
and environmental agencies, funds
and programmes, including the
UN Development Programme
(UNDP), the UN University, the
United Nations Conference on
Trade and Development, United
Nations Institute for Training and
Research (UNITAR), and the UN
Environmental Programme.

1974ckEpS ?f Ed0k ifbmv 25&ufwiG f OD;oefo

Y nf
e,l;a,mufNrdKU tqkwfuifqmjzifhuG,fvGefcJh
onf/ OD;oefY\kyfuvmyfudk a&Twd*HkapwDawmf
ajc&if;wGif *loGif;jrKyfESHxm;&Sdonf/ OD;oefYonf
a':ode;f wifEiS v
hf ufxyfxrd ;f jrm;um orD;wpfO;D ?
ajr; 5OD;ESifh jrpf 5OD;xGef;um;cJhonf/ OD;oefY\
wpfOD;wnf;aomajr;a,mufsm;OD;oefYjrifhOD;onf
ordkif;ynm&SifwpfOD;jzpfNyD; ukvor*EdkifiHa&;
qdkif&mXmewGif 0g&ifh0efxrf;jzpfNyD; The River
of Lost Footsteps (ajcvSrf;aysmufoGm;wJhjrpf)
a&;om;cJhonf/

Thant died of lung cancer in New York

on November 25, 1974.Thants tomb,
Shwedagon Pagoda Road, Yangon. He
was married to Daw Thein Tin. Thant was
survived by a daughter, an adopted son, five
grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren
(three girls and two boys). His only grandson,
Thant Myint-U, is a historian and a former
senior official in the UNs Department of
Thant was re-appointed secretary-general of Political Affairs and the author of The River
the United Nations by the General Assembly of Lost Footsteps, in part a biography of
on December 2, 1966, on the unanimous Thant.
recommendation of the Security Council.
OD;OD;cefYf
His term of office continued until December
31, 1971, when he retired. During his time in
office, he oversaw the entry into the UN of

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