Lighting
Daylight Factor Calculation
Table 1: Typical illuminance values of natural daylight for different weather conditions
Date and time
: 1800lux
: 110000lux
Calculation
Distribution
Very large with thermal and glare
Very bright
>6
Bright
36
Good
Average
13
Fair
Dark
01
Zone
problems
The daylight factor value of 1.636% respectively when compared to the MS1525 table
above fall under the zone average which means the distribution of illumination is fair.
The building faces the direction of the sun rising and setting, plus the fact that the
entrance of the building has almost no wall elements to suppress lighting coming from
the exterior.
Lumen Method
Location
Dimension
Retail Store
Length (L)
= 6m
Width (W)
= 10m
= 3.5m
Area (A)
30 m2
Height of luminaires
2.7m
0.7m
1.5m
Retail, Shopping, Store
Recommended average
illumination levels by MS 1525
500lux
(E)
Ceiling
Reflectance value
50%)
Wall
Floor
(
Room Index
75%
Type of light
0.9
Maintenance factor (MF)
Location
Rooftop Cafe
Dimension
Length (L)
= 10 m
Width (W)
= 11 m
= 3.5m
Area (A)
110 m2
Height of luminaires
2.7m
0.7m
1.5m
30
Recommended average
illumination levels by MS 1525
200lux
(E)
Ceiling
Reflectance value
50%)
Wall
Floor
(
Room Index
75%
Type of light
0.9
Maintenance factor (MF)
Location
Dimension
= 15 m
Width (W)
= 9.5 m
= 3.5m
Area (A)
142.5 m2
Height of luminaires
2.7m
0.7m
1.5m
30
Recommended average
illumination levels by MS 1525
500lux
(E)
Ceiling
Reflectance value
50%)
Wall
Floor
(
Room Index
75%
Type of light
0.9
Maintenance factor (MF)
Acoustics
Loading Bay
i) Reverberation Time, RT
Building
Material
Colour
Area, A
Element
(m)
Absorption
Sound
Coefficient
Absorption,
(500 Hz)
Sa
Wall
Concrete
White
71.1
0.04
2.85
Floor
Concrete
Grey
25.2
0.04
1.01
Ceiling
Plaster
Beige
25.2
0.02
0.50
Human
5 people
0.42
2.10
(1.7 m)
8.56
RT = 0.16 x V / A
= 0.16 x 88.2 / 8.56
= 1.64s
The reverberation time for the loading bay in 500Hz of absorption coefficient in 500Hz is 1.64s.
According to the standard of reverberation time the standard comfort reverberation is between
0.8s - 1.3s. The reverberation time exceeds the comfort level slightly.
Building
Materials
Surface Area,
SRI (dB)
Elements
S (m )
Transmission
Sn x Tcn
Co. (Tcn)
Wall
Concrete
16.35
42
6.3 x 10 -5
Door
Timber
4.3
36
2.51 x 10
-4
1.03 x 10 -3
1.08 x 10
-3
Concrete wall:
Timber door:
42 = 10 log10 ( 1 / Tconcrete )
36 = 10 log10 ( 1 / Tglass )
Tconcrete = 6.3 x 10 -5
Ttimber = 2.51 x 10 -4
-5
Cafe
Rooftop
i) Reverberation Time, RT
Building
Material
Colour
Area, A
Element
(m)
Absorption
Sound
Coefficient
Absorption,
(500 Hz)
Sa
Wall
Glass
Transparent
43.23
0.04
1.73
Wall
Concrete
White
105.3
0.04
4.21
Floor
Concrete
White
110
0.04
4.4
Ceiling
Plaster
Beige
110
0.02
2.2
Human
25 people
0.42
10.5
(1.7 m)
23.04
RT = 0.16 x V / A
= 0.16 x 385 / 23.04
= 2.67s
The reverberation time for the rooftop cafe in 500Hz of absorption coefficient in 500Hz is 2.67s.
According to the standard of reverberation time the standard comfort reverberation is between
0.8s - 1.3s. The reverberation time exceeds the comfort level by more than 1 second.
Building
Materials
Surface Area,
SRI (dB)
S (m2)
Elements
Transmission
Sn x Tcn
Co. (Tcn)
-5
Wall
Concrete
12
42
6.3 x 10
Wall
Glass
50
29
1.26 x 10 -3
6.3 x 10
-4
5.92 x 10 -2
SRI =10 log10 (1/Tav), Tav = [ (S1 x Tc1) + (S2 x Tc2) +.. (Sn x Tcn) ] divided by total surface area.
Concrete wall:
Glass wall:
42 = 10 log10 ( 1 / Tconcrete )
29 = 10 log10 ( 1 / Tglass )
Tconcrete = 6.3 x 10 -5
Ttimber = 1.26 x 10 -3
-5