Equations

Navier-Stokes Equations discretised in space

We start with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in conservative form:

u, x + v, y = 0

(1)

u,t + ( uu ), x + ( vu ), y =
v, t + ( uv ), x + ( vv ), y =

p, x + ( u, xx + u, yy )

(2)

p, y + ( v, xx + v, yy ) g

(3)

We want to discretise these equations in space with finite differences. We will

apply central differences. The discretised parts of the Navier-Stokes equations
are (without pressure term, which will be added in the pressure correction
equation)::

u, x =
v, y =
u, xx =
v, yy =

ui +1, j ui 1, j
2hx
vi , j +1 vi , j 1
2 hy

, u, y =
, v, x =

ui +1, j 2ui , j + ui 1, j
hx2
vi , j +1 2vi , j + vi , j 1
2
y

ui , j +1 ui , j 1
2hy
vi +1, j vi 1, j
2hx

, u, yy =
, v, xx =

ui , j +1 2ui , j + ui , j 1

(4)

hy2

vi +1, j 2vi , j + vi 1, j
hx2

We fill in equations (4) into equation (1):

ui +1 j ui 1 j
2hx

vij +1 vij 1
2hy

=0

(5)

Next we fill in equations (4) into equations (2) and (3):

uij , t + uij
vij , t + uij

ui +1 j ui 1 j
2hx
vi +1 j vi 1 j
2hx

+ vij
+ vij

uij +1 uij 1
2 hy
vij +1 vij 1
2hy

u 2uij + ui 1 j uij +1 2uij + uij 1

= i +1 j
+

hx2
hy2

v 2vij + vi 1 j vij +1 2vij + vij 1

= i +1 j
+
g
2
2

h
h
x
y

(6)

(7)

Navier-Stokes equations discretised in space and time

We start from (6) and (7), but first write it a little bit different:

uij , t = f u ( u , v )
vij , t = f v ( u , v )

(8)

We will discretise these equations in time with the use of the Adam Bashfort 2
method for time discretisation. We will first calculate a guess for the velocity and
use the pressure from the old time level. After that we will update the pressure
with the use of equation (1) and calculate the velocities for the new time level.
The Adam Bashfort 2 scheme is given as:

3
1
fu ( u n , v n ) f u ( u n 1 , v n 1 )
2
2
3
1
v* = v n + f v ( u n , v n ) f v ( u n 1 , v n 1 )
2
2

u* = u n +

Or with Euler forward

u * = u n + fu ( u n , v n )
v* = v n + f v ( u n , v n )
Staggered pressure correction can be found in other scannend file.

(9)