LAN(Local Area Network)

LAN is a nonpublic data network in which serial

transmissions is used without store and forward
techniques for direct data communication among
data stations located on the user's premise.

LAN Standards

Who formulated the LAN standards?

The IEEE developed/standardized most of the widely
used LAN protocols through the IEEE 802
Committee

LAN Standards

To accommodate multiple LAN access

methods, the IEEE 802 standards committee
separated the OSI Data Link Layer into two
sublayers:

a Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer

a Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer

LAN Standards

IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control)

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

IEEE 802.4 (Token-Passing Bus)

IEEE 802.5 (Token-Passing Ring)

IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control)

It provides multiplexing mechanisms that make

it possible for several network protocols (IP,
IPX, Decnet and Appletalk) to coexist within a
multipoint network and to be transported over
the same network media, and can also provide
flow control and automatic repeat request
(ARQ) error management mechanisms.

IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control)

Two basic services are provided:

1. Type 1 service involves unacknowledged
connectionless operation wherein the source
station sends a message to another station (or
stations) without having established a logical
connection for sequencing and acknowledging
messages.
2. Type 2 service uses conventional balanced
data communications service that establishes
logical connections between two LLC's. Each
LLC can send and receive both messages and

IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link Control)

The LLC sublayer is primarily concerned with:

1. Multiplexing protocols transmitted over the
MAC layer (when transmitting) and decoding
them (when receiving).
2. Providing node-to-node flow and error control

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

Defines the MAC sublayer for Carrier Sense

Multiple Access/Collision Detection and a
corresponding physical layer for connection to
baseband coaxial cable and twisted-pair wiring.

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

With CSMA/CD, a station monitors (listen to)

the line to determine if the line is busy. If a
station has a message to transmit but the line is
busy, it waits for an idle condition before it
transmits its message.

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

If two stations begin transmitting at the same

time, a collision occurs. When this happens,
both stations cease transmitting (back off) and
each station waits a random [period of time
before attempting a retransmission.

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

The Media Access Control (MAC) data

communication protocol sub-layer provides
addressing and channel access control
mechanisms that make it possible for several
terminals or network nodes to communicate
within a multi-point network, typically a local
area network (LAN) or metropolitan area
network (MAN).

IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD)

IEEE 802.4 (Token-Passing Bus)

The MAC sublayer that provides sequential

access to the shared bus medium by passing
control of the medium from station to station in
a logically circular fashion.

IEEE 802.4 (Token-Passing Bus)

The MAC sublayer determines when the LAN

station has the right to access the shared
medium by recognizing and accepting the token
from the predecessor station, and it determines
when the token will be passed to the successor
station.

IEEE 802.4 (Token-Passing Bus)

A type of local-area network that has a bus

topology and uses a token -passing mechanism
to regulate traffic on the bus. A token bus
network is very similar to a token ring network,
the main difference being that the endpoints of
the bus do not meet to form a physical ring.

IEEE 802.4 (Token-Passing Bus)

IEEE 802.5 (Token-Passing Ring)

A token ring consists of a set of LAN stations

serially connected by a transmission medium,
with the last station and the last station folded
back connecting one to the other, thus forming
a ring.

IEEE 802.5 (Token-Passing Ring)

Other 802 Standards

802.6 Metropolitan Area Networks

802.7 Broadband Technical Advisory Group

802.8 Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group

802.9 Integrated Data and Voice Networks

802.10 Standard for Interoperable LAN Security

802.11 Wireless LAN's

END