100%(1)100% menganggap dokumen ini bermanfaat (1 suara)
4K tayangan2 halaman
This document discusses different types of control valve failures: fail closed (FC), fail open (FO), and fail indeterminate (FI).
For FC valves, the valve will close if air pressure is lost, trapping fluid between the valve and block valves. Drains are needed upstream and downstream to remove trapped fluid for maintenance. FO valves will open without air pressure, trapping fluid between block valves, so a downstream drain is sufficient. FI valves may be open or closed after losing air, so drains on both sides are recommended as a precaution.
This document discusses different types of control valve failures: fail closed (FC), fail open (FO), and fail indeterminate (FI).
For FC valves, the valve will close if air pressure is lost, trapping fluid between the valve and block valves. Drains are needed upstream and downstream to remove trapped fluid for maintenance. FO valves will open without air pressure, trapping fluid between block valves, so a downstream drain is sufficient. FI valves may be open or closed after losing air, so drains on both sides are recommended as a precaution.
This document discusses different types of control valve failures: fail closed (FC), fail open (FO), and fail indeterminate (FI).
For FC valves, the valve will close if air pressure is lost, trapping fluid between the valve and block valves. Drains are needed upstream and downstream to remove trapped fluid for maintenance. FO valves will open without air pressure, trapping fluid between block valves, so a downstream drain is sufficient. FI valves may be open or closed after losing air, so drains on both sides are recommended as a precaution.
You can see Fail Closed (FC) or Fail Open (FO) control valves in P&ID. What does it mean?
What to do on this situation as Piping Designer.
Before going into action we need to know exactly what happens when the actuating medium fails(most of the cases Instrument Air). See the snap below. It is a control valve assembly extracted from a P&ID
If the actuating medium fails may be intentionally or accidentally
will impact the position of the control valve depends on the type of the control valve.
Control Valve Fail action may be classified as
Fail Closed (FC)
Fail Open (FO)
Fail Indeterminate (FI) FAIL CLOSED (FC) Say a P&ID calls for FC. That means when Instrument air goes off, the control valve will be in closed position. To remove the control valve for maintenance or replacement, we have to open the bye-pass valve and close two block valves one bye one. After closing the valve the fluid will be trapped between first block valve and the control valve and also between control valve and the second block valve (remember the control valve is now in closed position). To remove the fluid and also depressurize the system we need to drain the fluid both upstream and downstream of the control valve. So providing drains on both upstream and downstream will solve the problem The below snapshot show the Fail Closed control valve.
FAIL OPEN (FO)
Say a P&ID calls for FO. That means when Instrument air goes off, the control valve will be in Open position. To remove the control valve for maintenance or replacement, we have to open the byepass valve and close two block valves one bye one. After closing the valve the fluid will be trapped between first block valve and the second block valve (remember the control valve is now in open position). To remove the fluid and also depressurize the system we need to drain the fluid both upstream and downstream of the control valve.
So providing drain on upstream or downstream will solve the problem
The below snapshot show the Fail Open Control valve.
FAIL INDETERMINATE (FI)
Say a P&ID calls for FI (Fail Indeterminate). That means when Instrument air goes off, the control valve will be in the position. It will not change its position. To remove the control valve for maintenance or replacement, we have to open the bye-pass valve and close two block valves one bye one. For the worst case scenario if the control valve in closed position when the power goes off. To remove the fluid and also depressurize the system we need to drain the fluid both upstream and downstream of the control valve. So providing drain on both upstream and downstream will solve the problem