- INTRODUCCION
que
establecen
para
la
infraestructura,
1
la
subestructura
la
II.-GENERALIDADES
2.1.-OBJETIVO GENERAL
2.2.-OBJETIVOS ESPECFICOS
Disear un puente de losa y viga que tiene una luz de claro L = 12m para tres vas
de trnsito y un camin de diseo H-20 con los siguientes materiales Fy =
4200Kg/cm2 y un Fc =280Kg/cm2. La altura del estribo es de 7.8 m y el nivel
fretico est a 3.0 m por encima de la cota de cimentacin, la capacidad de carga
3
III.-DIMENSIONAMIENTO
Numero de vigas
= 3 vas de transito
+ 1 = 4; segn la norma la
Ancho de losa
= 2.21m
Voladizo =
= 0.905m
Fig.1.-Seccion Transversal
b < 16t + b =
b < L/4 =
IV.-ANALISIS DE LOSA
CARGAS
a) Carga Muerta
0.43T/m2
0.11T/m2
Wm =
0.54T/m2
b) Carga Viva
Cv + I = 9.75T
Carga viva reducida para tres vas de transito 90% = 9.75 x 0.90 = 8.78T
4.1.-MOMENTOS
a) Carga Muerta
M=
M=
M = 0.18T-m
b) Carga Viva
M=
M=
M = 1.75T-m
Fig.2.-Momento en el voladizo
= 0.017T-m
= 0.177T-m
= 0.013T-m
Mt
= 0.36 T-m
E = 0.8X + 1.14
M=
M=
E = 1.344m
M = 1.86 T-m
4.2.-MOMENTOS LTIMOS
Mu = (Mcm + 1.67Mcv+I)
Mu = 4.03T-m
4.3.-MOMENTO EN EL VOLADIZO
Mu = (Mcm + 1.67Mcv+I)
Mu = 4.09T-m
Mu = 4.03T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
b = 100cm
d = 3cm
K = 0.0179T/cm2
= 0.0050
As = 7.5Cm2
S = 100 x (1.27Cm2/7.5Cm2)
K = Mu/bxd2
As = b x d x
h = 18cm
d = 15cm
K = 4.03T-m/(1mx(15cm2)2
As = 100 x 15 x 0.0050
ARMADO EN EL VOLADIZO
Mu = 4.09T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
b = 100cm
d = 3cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 4.09T-m/(1mx(19cm2)
K = 0.011T/cm2
= 0.0031
S = 100 x (1.27Cm2/5.87Cm2)
h = 22cm
d = 19cm
DISTRIBUCIN DE ARMADO
% = 121/S % = 121/1.81
As = 5.03cm2
S = 100 x (1.27Cm2/5.03Cm2)
= 0.002
= 3.6cm2
(0.71Cm2/3.6cm2)
V.-DISEO DE VIGAS
CARGAS
a) Carga Muerta
10
0.96T/m
100
0.24T/m
1.12T/m
WT =
2.32T/m
b) Carga Viva
Rueda delantera: 5T
Cv+I = 1.27 x 5T
I = 16/(12 + 40)
I = 0.27
I = 27%
Cv+I = 6.35T = P
Carga viva reducida para tres vas de transito 90% = 6.35 x 0.90 = 5.72T
11
FACTOR DE RUEDA
a) Cortante
Fr = P (1 + (0.41+1.01)/2.21))
Fr = 1.64P
Fr = 2.21/1.80
Fr = 1.23P
b) Momento
Fr = S/1.80
12
5.1.1.-MOMENTOS
M=
M = 48.73 T-m
Mu = (Mcm + 1.67Mcv+I)
Mu = 173.752 T-m
0.0581x122.42cm
7.11cm
<
(18cm)
SI
CUMPLE
MR = x 0.85 x fc x b x a x (d a/2)
MR = 40006940.1Kg-cm
MR = 400.06T-m
a) Carga Muerta
d = 122.42cm
d = 12.58cm
b = 40cm
fy = 4200Kg/cm2
14
fc = 280Kg/cm2
SECCIN
MD
X (m)
(T-m)
2
41.12
4
72.57
6
94.34
8
106.44
9.5
44.58
ML
Mu
1
(T-m)
(T-m)
38.18 136.34 0.0064 0.0064
67.04 239.88 0.0118 0.0118
86.66 310.78 0.0160 0.0160
97.03 349.02 0.0184 0.0184
48.53 163.75 0.0189
0.0189
Tabla 1. Envolvente de momento
As
N Barras
(Cm2)
(# 8)
31.29
7
58.01
12
78.37
16
90.27
18
92.61
19
5.1.3.- CORTANTE
Para los estribos se utilizarn varillas del # 4 de dos ramas.
a)Cortante por carga muerta
Vd = RA
15
Vd = 24.07 T
5.1.4.-CORTANTE ULTIMO
Vu = (VD + 1.67VL)
Vu = Vu/(b x d)
Vu = 58.23T/(0.4 x 1.22)
16
Vu = 58.23T
Vu = 119.32T/m2
Smax = d/2
Smax = 122.42 cm / 2
Smax = 60 cm
S = 31 cm
Colocar estribos # 4 @ 31 cms.
a) Carga Muerta
0.95T/m
0.20T/m
1.12T/m
WT =
17
2.27T/m
b) Carga Viva
Rueda delantera: 5T
Cv+I = 1.27 x 5T
I = 16/(12 + 40)
I = 0.27
Cv+I = 6.35T = P
I = 27%
Fr = P (1 + (a + b)/S)
Fr = P (1 + (0 +0.81)/2.21))
5.2.1.-MOMENTOS
M = 48.73 T-m
Mu = (Mcm + 1.67Mcv+I)
Mu = 374.82T-m
19
0.0581x122.42cm
7.11cm
<
(18cm)
SI
MR = x 0.85 x fc x b x a x (d a/2)
MR = 40006940.1Kg-cm
MR = 400.06T-m
5.2.2.-ENVOLVENTE DE MOMENTO
a) Carga Muerta
b) Carga Viva
20
CUMPLE
d = 12.58cm
d = 122.42cm
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
SECCIN
(m)
2
4
6
8
9.5
b = 40cm
fc = 280kg/cm2
a = 0.51m
MD
(T-m)
39.43
69.59
90.46
102.06
104.67
ML
Mu
1
(T-m)
(T-m)
42.51 143.55 0.0068 0.0068
74.65 252.53 0.0126 0.0126
96.50 327.10 0.0170 0.0170
108.06 367.28 0.0197 0.0197
109.97 374.82 0.0202 0.0202
Tabla.2.- Envolvente de momento
As
33.30
61.70
83.25
96.47
98.92
5.2.3.-CORTANTE
Vd = RA
21
N Barras
(# 8)
7
12
17
19
20
2.52m
6.52m
10.52m
VdL = (8.78T x 10.52m x 1.37 + 8.78T x 6.52m x 1.37 + 5.72T x 2.52m x 1.37)/12
VdL = 18.63 T
22
5.2.4.-CORTANTE ULTIMO
Vu = (VD + 1.67VL)
Vu = Vu/(b x d)
Vu = 75.18T/(0.4 x 1.22)
Vu = 15.41Kg/cm2
Smax = d/2
Smax = 122.42 cm / 2
Smax = 60 cm
S = 33.88 cm
23
Vu = 75.18T
Vu = 154.06T/m2
CARGAS
24
5.3.1.-MOMENTO
M = WxL2/10
-
M = 0.21T m
M=
Vd = W (L/2 (d))
Vd = 0.079T
5.3.2.-ARMADO
b = 25cm
d = 100cm
h = 105cm
As = 3 cm2
5.3.3.-CORTANTE ULTIMO
Vu = (Vd + 1.67VL)
Vu = Vu/(b x d)
Vu = 9.63T/(0.25 x 0.98)
Vu = 3.93Kg/cm2
Vc = 7.54 Kg/cm2
Vu = 9.63T
Vu = 39.31T/m2
Vs = 3.61 Kg/cm2
S = 121.92cm
Smax = d/2
26
Smax = 98cm / 2
Smax = 49 Cm
VI.-CALCULO DE LA INFRAESTRUCTURA
1. DIMENSIONAMIENTO
= 1.66m
= 2.53m
= 1.35m
27
0.30m
= 0.51m
5.00m
0.65m
0.81m
28
2. CARGAS
29
= 4.77T/m
= 1.14T/m
= 0.39T/m
= 0.09T/m
= 5.62T/m
1.89T
30
= 12.01T/m
c) Carga viva
4.0m
8.0m
RL = 102.50 T
RL = 102.50/11.05 = 9.28 T
31
d) Flotacion (B)
El nivel de aguas freticas se encuentra a 3.0m por encima del suelo de
cimentacion.
B=xV
B = 4.99T
MBa = 11.68T-m
Carga Muerta
WD = 0.11 T
32
Carga Viva
WL = 0.6T/m x 12.51m
11.05m
WL = 0.68 T
MW LA = 6.55 T-m
FL = 0.05 x 10.47 x 3
FL = 0.14T
11.05
MFLA = 0.14T x (7.8 + 1.83)
MFLA = 1.35T-m
= 30
E = x x Ka x h (h +2h)
1/Ka
Ka = 1/3
Kp = 3
33
E = 21.11T
Kp
= h x ( h + 3h)
3
h + 2h
3 x (7.8 + 2(0.61))
MEA = 58.69T-m
Infraestructura (I)
= MY/P
EQI = 2.1T
MEQIA = 7.46T-m
EQS = 0.9T
34
SECCIN
1
2
3
4
5
W
2.4 X 0.4 X 1.17 X 5
2.4 X 0.18 X 11.05
2.4 X (0.04 X 0.905)/2 X 2
2.2 X 0.05 X 10.35
2.4 X 2 X (0.35+0.30) X 0.25/2
=
W
5.62
4.77
0.09
1.14
0.39
12.01
0.59
1.26
1.16
1.38
1.48
=M/P
= 10.97/12.01
= 0.91m
35
W
3.29
6.01
0.10
1.57
0.58
10.97
CARGA SENTIDO
MOMENTO
11.23T
MAD
21.51T-m
10.47T
MAL
20.05T-m
4.99T
MBa
11.68T-m
WD
0.16T
MWDa
1.12T-m
WL
1.06T
MWLA
10.21T-m
LF
0.14T
MFLA
1.35T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
EQI
2.1T
MEQIA
7.46T-m
EQS
0.9T
MEQSA
6.62T-m
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
VI.-ANALISIS DE ESTABILIDAD
7.1.-GRUPO I
L = 0, SF = 0, CF = 0
36
CARGA
SENTIDO
MOMENTO
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
4.99T
Mba
11.68T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
37
7.2.- GRUPO I
(ESTRIBO CARGADO) (D + L + E + B + SF + CF) 100%
SF = 0, CF = 0
38
CARGA
SENTIDO
MOMENTO
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
11.23T
MAD
21.51T-m
10.47T
MAL
20.05T-m
4.99T
Mba
11.68T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
a = 1.99m
P = 68.84T
mx = 22.19T/m2 28 T/m2
SI CUMPLE
7.3.-GRUPO II
(ESTRIBO CARGADO) (D + E + B + SF + W) 125%
SF = 0
40
CARGA SENTIDO
MOMENTO
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
11.23T
MAD
21.51T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
4.99T
Mba
11.68T-m
WD
0.16T
MW Da
1.12T-m
(3.33) a (1.66)
SI CUMPLE
mx = 18.96T/m2
41
min = 4.39T/m2
Fv = (165.53T-m+21.51T-m11.68T-m)/(58.69T-m+1.12T-m)=2.93>1.5 SI CUMPLE
Fd = (Fv x )/FH = (58.37T x 0.5)/ (21.11T + 0.16T) = 1.37 < 1.5 No cumple
42
7.4.-GRUPO III
(ESTRIBO CARGADO) (D + L + E + B + CF + 0.3WD + SF + WL + LF) 125%
SF = 0, CF = 0
CARGA SENTIDO
MOMENTO
11.23T
MAD
21.51T-m
10.47T
MAL
20.05T-m
4.99T
Mba
11.68T-m
0.3WD
0.048T
MW Da
0.336T-m
WL
1.06T
MW LA
10.21T-m
LF
0.14T
MFLA
1.35T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
= (124.824T-m)/(68.84T)
43
a = 1.81m
P = 68.84T
mx = 25.17T/m2
min = 2.37T/m2
CARGA
SENTIDO
MOMENTO
11.23T
MAD
21.51T-m
4.99T
Mba
11.68T-m
EQI
2.1T
MEQIA
7.46T-m
EQS
0.9T
MEQSA
6.62T-m
21.11T
MEA
58.69T-m
52.13T
MPA
165.53T-m
= (102.59T-m)/(58.37T)
45
a = 1.76m
P = 58.37T
mx = 22.04T/m2
min = 1.31T/m2
SI CUMPLE
46
h = 7.15m
h= 0.61m
= 30
Ka = 1/3
Kp = 3
E = 17.95T
MEU = 73.52T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
h = 81Cm
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
47
d = 74cm
b = 100cm
d = 7cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 73.52T-m/(1m(74cm2)2
K = 0.0134T/cm2
= 0.0037
S = 100 (2.85cm2/27.38cm2)
h = 3.6m
h= 0.61m
E = x x Ka x h (h +2h)
= 30
Ka = 1/3
Kp = 3
E = 5.21T
MEU = 11.25T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
h = 66cm
b = 100cm
d = 7cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 11.25T-m/(1m(59cm2)
K = 0.0032T/cm2
= 0.0009
S = 100 (2.85Cm2/5.31cm2)
d = 59cm
48
As = 0.0012 X 100 X 81
As = 9.72cm2
S = 100 (1.27cm2/9.72cm2)
As = 0.0016 X 100 X 81
As = 12.96cm2
S = 100 (2cm2/12.96cm2)
49
Mu = 46.49 T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
b = 100cm
d = 7cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 46.49T-m/(1m(58cm2)2)
K = 0.0138T/cm2
= 0.0038
100
h = 65cm
(2.85Cm2/21.99Cm2)
d = 58cm
12.96Cm,
Mu =1.6 ((1.8 x 7.15 (2.53)2/2) + (2.4 x 0.65 (2.53)2/2)) - [( x 10.49 (2.53)2 x 1/3)
(1.31 (2.53)2 /2)])
Mu = 49.3 T-m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
b = 100cm
d = 7cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 49.3T-m/(1m(58cm2)2)
K = 0.015T/cm2
= 0.004
100
h = 65cm
(2.85cm2/23.37cm2)
d = 58cm
51
12.20cm,
As = 0.0012 X 100 X 65
S = 16cm,
S = 100 (1.27cm2/7.8cm2)
As = 7.8cm2
x A1 + Tang x A2 + x x Kp x h2 = 1.5 E
Kp = 3
Tan 30 = 0.58
h = 1.53m
Fc = 280Kg/cm2
Fy = 4200Kg/cm2
b = 100cm
d = 7cm
K = Mu/bxd2 K = 4.14-m/(1m(74cm2)2
K =0.0008 /cm2
= 0.0002
S = 100 x (1.27cm2/1.48cm2)
h = 0.81cm d = 74cm
53
X.- CONCLUSIONES
54
BIBLIOGRAFIA
TRUJILLO
OROZCO.
JOS
EUSEBIO.
DISEO
DE
PUENTES.
PRY
PROYECTO,
CTR.
CONSTRCCION,
CSV.
EN
SECCION
DE
PROYECTO
GEOMETRICO
55
DEL