says:
Qurannan Arabiyan A recital that makes it crystal clear, that leaves no doubt as to what was
implied.
Quran recital
Arabiya to make something crystal clear.
It doesnt mean an Arabic Quran; because you recited Arabic in Englishsized form.
The scholars of Tawheed have proven that every mistake from every one of these deviant
groups, they first deviated from making mistake in the Arabic language. Linguistic mistake was
their first mistake.
Definition of Language - those sounds that are shared by all people.
Everybody has sounds that come of their tongue, (except animals whos sounds come of their
throat).
Share same sounds, but meanings are different. An example would be the word wow, in
English it means surprised/amazement but in the language of alaf, a (Senegalese language) it
means yes. Pronounced the same exact way, but meaning differs because of the people share
same sound, different meaning.
How we got the Arabic Language
Quran, authentic Hadith of the Prophet
language)
Then Poetry (prior to Islam), Educated writers amongst the Arabs who preserved the Arabic
language. These are the proofs if someone asks why you say a certain word is said this
way,answer would be because it was imitated this way passed down this way.
Reason why poetry prior to Islam is because Arabs before Islam, best thing they had was their
poetry, they would take their poetry and compete with the other Arabs, and best one would be
hung up on the Kabbah, Mualaqat. 7 of the poems stayed up until Islam came, these are called
the seven hanging poems.
We call this Naqlan meaning we got this passed down from father to son.
In the Arabic language there are 13 sciences.
Nahw and Sarf are the two important ones amongst the 13.
- Nahw Grammar
- Sarf Etymology (ology- study of)
Nahw Grammar
Grammar is the science through which we can understand and learn the changes that a word
goes through based on the placement in a sentence, and the changes at the end of the word.
Each time you place a sentence differently, the word will mean something different. This is
grammar based on changes in word.
Sarf Etymology
Sarf Pronounced like the word Saw thats the sound sarf mouth open not the seen type of
saw.
Sarf means to give change, to break something down. Literally means to give change, as a
terminology it is a science through which we understand the shape and change of a word before
entering it into a sentence. The meaning of a word in of itself before we enter it into a sentence.
There 35 shapes/scales of Arabic verb, each shape has its own individual meaning.
Arabic has 2 things, the meaning of the word as a shape, and then it has the root meaning of
the word.
Example the word Muslim, moo in front of a word, whenever you have it means one who
posses the qualities of the rest of the word, another example the word Munafiq.
If we change the word and say Islam, this is another change in the word, put Alif with Kasra,
which than means who who submits. Same way we have Muhlis, means one who is sincere.
Word for sincere is Ikhlaas, which is the same exact shape. There are 35 of these in the Arabic
language.
3 types words in Arabic/ in every language.
First one is Harf - this is a letter/also connector word.
Second type is Filun verb an action word
Third type is Ismun super-noun Its a person/place/thing and also includes a
description/adjective. Not a noun. Not same as the English noun,
First Type Harf (3 parts)
Harf - Letter and connectors (any word that points to a meaning in another word)
Examples:
- Run timeframe immediate.
This is an order; an order denotes immediacy, unless a condition is put there. Any time you find an order
in the Quran or the Sunnah it denotes immediacy.
- Ran timeframe past
- Running timeframe present/future.
Reason why its present/future is because were in present tense now, and as were staying in the present
were going into the future tense.
Third Type Ismun Supernoun
Noun Name of place/person or thing
Super Noun Name of place/person or thing + an adjective (description)
In Arabic we cant translate Ismun as a Noun, because its not a noun. Example the word pretty in English
it is an adjective, in Arabic it will be an Ismun there is no other section for it to go under. All the adjectives
are Ismun.
An Ismun is a word that points to a meaning, in and of itself (means the word has its own meaning) and
is not connected to a time frame.
Example the word Masjid It is word that points to a meaning in and of itself (the word has its own
meaning) and is not connected to a timeframe.
Eesaa Is a word that points to meaning in and of itself, and is not connected to a timeframe.
New York, Airplane, beautiful these are all Ismun words in Arabic language that have meanings in itself
and are not connected to a timeframe.
Sarf Etymology breaking down of words.
Ismun is the strongest out of the 3, you cant make a sentence from a Harf. Example you can not say
under, or in, from, around, behind, their words of Harf but theyre not Kalam (speech).
You also can not make a sentence with just a Filun, example running; sat, standing they have no
meaning by itself, you need an Ismun.
But an Ismun in Arabic doesnt need a Filun, and it doesnt need a Harf. Because you can make a
sentence
Assamaa Mobeen the sky is clear.
The word is is implied.
Assamao is a word that points to meaning in itself and is not connected to a timeframe, and so is
Mobeen
Both words are Ismun... Two Ismuns but you still have a full sentence. This is why Ismun is most powerful
out of the 3.
And if we do Sarf of the word Ismun we find that Ismun is from Sumuyiha, from its loftiness because it
Is a word that points to a meaning, in and of itself (means word has its own meaning) and is connected to
one of three time frames. Either immediate, past, or present/future.
Timeframe:
Immediate: (Order, denotes immediacy unless condition put there)
eht sevig taht eno eht si neenimum lureemA eht yhw stahT .redro na si rmA .rmA ,redro na si rmA
order.
Past tense: Walked
Present/Future: Walking
From this example we know its a Filun because it can do these three things
Harf Letter/connector word (because it connects the sentences)
Any word that points to a meaning, in another word and its not connected to a timeframe.
Example of connector words in English:
In, to, from, with, under. In Arabic its min, ilah, waan, wafee, warubba.
The difference is Filun is an action word; a word that points to a meaning in and of itself, and its
connected to a timeframe, whereas Harf is a word that points to a meaning, in another word and its not
connected to a timeframe.
Kalam is the plural of Kalimah, Kalimah literally means word.
The technical meaning is: A sound that is spit of the tongue that posses a meaning. This excludes
animals because their sounds come from their throat.
The definition of Kalam is speech. Kalam is built on 3 types of words:
Filun verb/action word
Harf letter/connector word
Ismun super-noun name of person/ place/thing/ + adjective
Speech is not complete until it is Mufeed (beneficial).
Speech is not mufeed until the listen is not waiting for more to understand what was translated to him.
What it means when we say , meaning of in and itself
Means when the listener hears that word hes not waiting for anything extra to understand what that word
means, he doesnt need anything else. So in and of itself you understand that word.
Like the word hand, you do not need another word to understand what the objective is when speaker
says hand.
However Harf is a word that points to a meaning in another word, meaning it has no meaning of itself.
Example the words to, from, under.
Lafthun muraqabun mufeedun, kaad wode
It is Lafzun, it is a sound that you spit off your tongue that has a meaning,
The rest of the definition Muraqab, Mufeed, Qad Wodee are the descriptions (adjectives) of what type of
lafzth it is.
It is a sound that is muraqab, muraqab is from the word ra-qi-ba. This means to ride something.
Moo before the word means one who posses the qualities of the rest of the word that follows e.g
muslim, munafiq, muhlis.
Muraqab is to double something, so it doubles the meaning.
Example the word Alima it means to know/he knew, if the word is strengthened to Allama it will now
mean he made known.
Add meem before it, becomes Mualim. The teacher, one who makes It known.This is how you
strengthen a word, you add the shada it strengthens the meaning
Speech is of two types, literal and implied.
Muraqabun Means 2 words or more, one word in itself wont make any sense.
It is a sound that you spit off your tongue that it compounded with 2 words or more.
Muffeed (beneficial)
Beneficial - means listener is not waiting to hear more.
Example of
Muffeed (beneficial)
Kaad wodee kad corresponds directly to the word already in English language, that before all this it is
wodee, wodee had 2 meanings. Literally it means placed. As terminology it has 2 meanings that do not
oppose each other, first one means intended, 2nd one accordance to rules of Arabic grammar. So if you
speak in Bengali, English, or urdu according to us scholars of grammar it is not speech. It is only speech
if we talk in Arabic and it has to be intended:
Full Definition :
Inna al Kalama indana faltastamee,
If you want to know Kalam (speech) is according to the scholars of grammar than listen and pay attention.
It is:
- A sound that is spit of the tip of the tongue
- That is Muraqab (2 words or more, they could be literal or implied)
- That is Mufeed (Beneficial), means listener is not waiting to hear more to understand objective of
speech.
- And it has to be intended, Kaad.. Already put and placed grammatically in Arabic form and its intended.
There are no actions without intention.
(Inna al Kalama Indana faltastamee)
The technical definition of this is:
The fact of the matter is that Kalam, speech, according to the scholars of grammar, is. so listen
carefully
Rule Alif always comes after a Fatha, and at end of word, usually an action verb.
When you look in the Quran, you will find not (except very rarely) the Alif come except after a Fatha.
Or the Alif will come at the end of a word and it will have a small mark over it, a small circle. Its there to
let you know if word has ended, its called Alif Fariqah.
For Example the word
What we have from the Greeks, Romans and the Jews they all took their alphabet from the Arabs, it all
follows this formula.
The Alif is there just to let you know that the word has ended.
Along with Alif comes another letter, but its attached to Alif. For example when you say Alif, you mean
Hamza and you also mean Alif.
But when you say Hamza, you mean Hamza & Hamza (2 types of Hamzas.)
One is called Hamza Waslee, and the other one is called Hamza Qat -ee.
Hamza Waslee joins the previous vowel sound to the next constant sound. For example
Saala. Its not joining because the sign on the Alif it cuts and makes
Mumin, the Hamza on the Waa it cuts in and makes its own sound.
Garage, a place that you exit out of.. Likewise the Mahraj the place that we leave that sound, a place of
enunciation, that place is in our mouth some place.
There are two types of Mahraj:
- First type is one where you can put your finger on other on it. Like baa, or Ibb the Mahraj is coming
from the two lips.
Alif is the first of signs its Mahraj hard to find.
You can not put your finger on the Mahraj, example the word Aa, ee oo, sound is coming from deep
inside your mouth somewhere from the bottom. Thats why its Mahraj is hard to find.
There are two types of Mahraj, one where you can put your finger on, other one you cannot. Alif has one
where you cannot put your finger on it.
= Open
Add an
= OpenING.
= Knowledge
= Knowing
All the letters of meaning is under the statement "Today I forget them" or "you ask me them" (will get to
that later)
= = divisions/parts so is the plural, meaning it's parts, but the hu is ha al kinaya,
it means the ha that refers to something else. It refers to the last thing mentioned. Innal kalam, the words,
the parts of kalam. Or kalam is divided into:
= she/it
= upon it
= to be build. = = buildings. But the words come from and meaning building
the progeny. ( = sons = tribes)
Therefore;
The parts of speech (kalam) that it is build on... (literal meaning)
Speech is divided and built upon...
= super noun
= and a verb
= then. The ulema say there's a break, this shows that the one that comes after this is weaker than
the other two before.
= A letter that comes with a meaning. This does not include all the letters, it only includes
those that include a meaning.
*********************
Master Letters:
Jahrun (loud) and shiddah (strong), two sifaat (characteristic) shared by baa
Like istifaal (low) and infitaah (open like a door) it's numeral ithnaan (2)
When baa the letter shows up right after noon:
Saakinah*1 or tanweena*2 Iqlaabun*3 is the rule.
With dhalaqun*4 - fly off the lips, It's makhraj is the same
With qalqala*5 resounding loud, the baa blurts out its name.
*1 Noon is saakin when there's no vowel sound, the noon saakinah is a written noon
*2 Tanween is: fathataan dhammataan and khasrataan
*3 When the baa is followed up right after a noon, the sound of meem comes in but the meem isn't
pronounced clearly until you get to the baa. (watch the video for better explanation)
*4 Is a description of any letter that comes off the lips
*5 like zalzala (any word in Arabic that has a four letter root) is a sound word, meaning it's a beating
sound that has a meaning attached to the sound. The sound repeats itself. Resounding.
Alhamdulillah end of lesson 05. ! =D
Qalqala is best described as an echo noise or bouncing noise. There are five qalqala letters. If any of
them appears with a sukoon on top, you perform qalqala. (Prime example, if you have no idea what
qalqala is: the end of the last word of every verse in Surah Ikhlass.)
Qalqala letters: qaff (), ba (), taw (), jeem (), and dal ().
The mnemonic to remember them is qutb jadd () . Qutb means pole, jadd means grandfather.
Grandfather pole
Some letters are easy to do qalqala on even qaris (reciters) make mistakes on them! Learn them and
avoid them. (To stop yourself from doing a qalala on a letter, simply stop on the letter.)
Common qalala mistakes: ayn (), daad (), ta (), and kaf ()
[source]
Alhamdulillah, I was just browsing the website, and found this. =)
Ismun can be recognised how?
The first thing he says is which means something low, the opposite high. As a terminology it is a
khasra or anything in place of a khasra. Nahw is the change of a word after it's entered into a word and
the last radical and its changes. A dhamma has a particular reason for being at the end of a word. Fathah
has a particular reason for being there as well as a kharsa has its own reason but the reasons are not the
same. If there is a word has a dhamma on it then with specification we understand what the word means
literally and as a grammatical statement. The asl = the fundamental is dhamma if a word has this the
word is correct if it does not then there has to be a reason for the change. is pointing to the
kharsa, it is telling us that the khasra doesn't come on any other type of word except a ismun. An ismun is
a type of word that points to a meaning of in and of itself that is not connected a time frame.
Arabic language is which means it is passed down from father to son. Memorise the rules and utilize
the rules, because the Qur'an and the hadith as well as the poems of Arabic language have preserved it.
A dhammataan, khasrataan and fathataan will only be found in an ismun.
Alhamdulillah end of lesson .. what lesson? =/ 6. =P
***************
Al Ajrumiyya: scientific breakdown of the Arabic language through its grammar. (the text we've been
going through with sulayman jamzuri)
* Sorry I wrote it a bit funny last time, it's a full sentence like that..
If you want to know what speech is according to the scholars of grammar, then listen up.
(kalam is) Sound that is spit of the tongue consisting of more than two words that is beneficial so that the
listener is not waiting for more to understand and words that are said in Arabic with intention of speech
(so it's not said lazily, it's meant)
Ismun (super noun - noun + adjective), Fi'lun (verb/action word) and THEN letters with meaning.
How to identify an ismun:
Ismun
(has EITHER or ( ))
||
1 ||
Something low (the khasra at the end of the word)
||
2 ||
The sound of noon as it comes at the end of an ismun/ khasrataan/fathataan/dhamataan
Follow the path of the people who went before in learning this science.
* Sorry I wrote it a bit funny last time, it's a full sentence like that..
If you want to know what speech is according to the scholars of grammar, then listen up.
(kalam is) Sound that is spit of the tongue consisting of more than two words that is beneficial so that the
listener is not waiting for more to understand and words that are said in Arabic with intention of speech
(so it's not said lazily, it's meant)
Kalam is made up for three types (divided)
Ismun (super noun - noun + adjective), Fi'lun (verb/action word) and THEN letters with meaning.
How to identify an ismun:
Ismun
(has EITHER or ( ))
||
1 ||
Something low (the khasra at the end of the word)
|| 2 ||
Follow the path of the people who went before in learning this science.
I know it's pretty brief I'll go more into it insha Allah.
Arabic class 08:
is the one that is dealt with in grammar. The definition of grammar in Arabic is the science through which
we learn what is happening at the end of the word, also the placement of the word within the sentence. If
a word has al in front of it, it has a dhamma at the end, if it has not then it has a dhammataan.
The asl (origin) of every word is that at the end of the word there should be a dhamma or a dhamataan. If
it doesn't have a dhamma or a dhammataan AT THE END of the word, then something is affecting that
word in grammar.
The represents a rule: They make the last radical on the word turn into a khasra or a khasrataan.
This is only for an .
They are:
= Beginning/from
= to/where you ended up
= to pass by something/on authority
= Most used word in the Arabic language, has many meanings, the most famous is in. Could
mean around/regarding etc
When you add Maa before a word it means place, Example the word Masjid, the root word of it is Sajada
which means a place of prostration, when the letter Maa is added before it we call it a Masjid that tells us
what the place was built for, a place of prostration we call a Masjid.
There are 2 types of Makhraj, one that can be pin pointed, and the other is vague.
1) Haqeeqi (Pin Pointed, can put your finger on it.)
2) Ghairul Haqeeqi (Vague, cant put young finger on it.)
So the poem is teaching 2 principles, first one is if you want to know the Makhraj of a letter, you put a
sound before that letter a Aa or an Iie. And you make that letter have a no vowel sound on it.
Examples:
, Aab, the baa sound you find Makhraj of Ba'a by adding Alif there.
Wow is part of Yanmu, and Yanmu makes Idhaam, Idhaam means to enter something into something
else.
1) For example if you say in Arabic,
An Yaamal, in Arabic you would not say the noon, you would make Idhaam of the noon into the yaa
and u would say,
Ai Yamal, because you Idhaam the noon into the Yaa.
Theyll make Idhaam right after noon saakina (no vowel) or tanween
2) Example:
You wouldnt say Alnur, instead you would make Idhaam and say Annur leaving the letter Laam out.
3)Example:
You dont say Min Maa, you will say , Mim'ma.
Because you entered the letters of Idhaama, they are part of that gang YANMU and whenever
they get right after the letter noon they make Idhaam, and the noon sound gets eaten up.
Next rule:
Wowwun is six when counting leen, and Jahrun, Rikhwun, on the scene their brothers Fathun,
Istifaal, and Samtun, holding all them down.
When studying a letter we learn about it is its:
1) The Makhraj (Point of exit)
2) The Siffat (description of the letter),
3) The numerical number of a letter,
4) And the Tajweed rule.
- Wow-Wun is 6 numeric value is 6.
- Wowwun is six when counting leen
1.Leen,
2.Jahrun,
3.Rikhwun,
4.Fathun,
5.Istifaal,
6.Samtun.
Sometimes Leen is not one of the Siffat of
wow.
Jahrun Loud Is to enunciate the sound in a loud way, while at the same time Restraint.- holding the air
in your nose.
Rikhwun - Weak. Because is not a letter that you can control, its not like Baa, Ibb or Ijj, they
have lot more power, but Rikhwun Ow, it has no control, once you say It you cant stop it, it jus goes.
Lesson 9
Al Ajrumiyaa
If you want to recognize what a Filun is, than it is recognized when you see a seen in front of it.
When you see in front of a word, it will mean that word is a Filun a verb.
says in the Quran:
Allah
Wa Sawfa talamoon
In the Quran whenever you see a seen saa, it means it will happen in this world, its happening, its
gonna happen, it will happen soon.
For example if you say:
Im going - Saa Athhab.
Athhab means I am going, in the present/future type way.
If you say: Saa Athhabu - I will go/ I will go soon.
If you say Sawfa Athhabu It means after a long time/not so soon. It doesnt mean immediacy.
Saa points close to immediacy/ closer to immediacy.
- Seen
- Saufa
- Kaad
- And taa taaneeth
And the taa taneeth is that taa that comes at end of word that lets you know that one who did it.
Example kaala masculine,
Kaalat feminine.