Transcript

1. Presentation Skills By : Gihan Aboueleish

2. Gihan aboueleish

3. Learning Objectives What is Communication ? The Communication Cycle Impact of a

message Styles of Communication What is a skill? Designing Effective PowerPoint Presentation.
Types of Instructional Tools. Some Final WordsGihan aboueleish

4. Communication Skills.Gihan aboueleish Miss-communication CommunicationWhy

Communication ..?

5. What is Communication?The dictionary defines communication as a process by which

information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs or
behaviors.Gihan aboueleish

6. Information Emotional Expression Motivation ControlFunctions of

Communication

7. Process of CommunicationGihan aboueleish

8. Communication Cycle Message Various Sender Channel Receiver FeedbackGihan
aboueleish
9. Cultural Difference video

10. Types of Communication Types Verbal Non - Verbal Postures & Facial Words Voice
movements expressions Modulation Diction Gestures Clear Linguistics Tone VolumeGihan
aboueleish Rate

11. Language Emotions Selective Perception Filtering Barriers to Effective

Communication

12. Cultural Misunderstanding Video

13. Presentation skills Feedback Skills Listening SkillsKey Communication Skills

14. Be precise (avoid redundancy) Gihan aboueleish Avoid slang Grammatically

correct UseSimple Language (avoid jargon) Words Verbal Communication

15. Dont Do I cant do this Ill check it for you I cant help you I dont know You
dont understand Let me explain You are wrong I think I suggest Please listen to me.. I
recommend You will have to In order to complete the process we will need to Just a
second May I place you on hold Hold on No in the beginning of the sentence I am afraid...

I would love to do it however What? What did u say? Pardon Me Could you please repeat
But However We cant do What we can do isGihan aboueleish

16. It improves your face value !!Gihan aboueleish Smile Look at people for 5 to 10
seconds before looking away, it shows involvement. 90% of our personal communication calls
for involvement. Eye Communication Facial Expressions Non Verbal Communication

17. Find your nervous gesturesGihan aboueleish Find out your habits Are you aware
how you look to others? Gestures Non Verbal Communication

18. Its got nothing to do with height, it costs nothing and its more fun.Gihan aboueleish
The difference between towering and cowering is totally a matter of inner posture. Stand Tall.
Posture And Movement Non Verbal Communication

19. Impact of a Message FACE TO FACE Body Tone of Language Voice 55% 38% Words
7% Gihan aboueleish

20. Impact of a Message - VOICE CONVERSATION Words 14% Tone of Voice 86%Gihan
aboueleish

21. Cultural Shock Video

22. Subjective impressions carry weight only when they come from a person with high
status and Negative feedback is most likely to be accepted when it comes from a credible
source if it is objective in form. Positive feedback fits what most people wish to hear and already
believe about themselves. Positive feedback is more readily and accurately perceived than
negative feedback. Positive vs. Negative Feedback Feedback Skills

23. Direct feedback toward behavior that is controllable by the recipient Ensure
understanding Make feedback well timed Keep feedback goal oriented Keep feedback
impersonal Focus on specific behaviors. Developing Effective Feedback Skills

24. Phenomena in which the norm for consensus overrides the realistic appraisal of
alternative course of actionGroup Think

25. Assertive communicationGihan aboueleish Submissive communication

Aggressive communication Styles Of Communication

26. Ex; "You never spend any time with me versus "I need to spend more time with
you".Gihan aboueleish It usually attacks the other person instead of expressing a need: Those
who communicate in an aggressive manner are generally perceived as selfish and unwilling to
compromise. This style is usually linked to a desire to hurt others or exact revenge, or may reflect
poor emotional development. Aggressive communication

27. Passive communication is based on compliance and hopes to avoid confrontation at

all costs. In this mode we dont talk much, question even less, and actually do very little. We just
dont want to rock the boat. Passives have learned that it is safer not to react and better to
disappear than to stand up and be noticed.Gihan aboueleishPassive Communication

28. When we are being assertive, we work hard to create mutually satisfying solutions.
We communicate our needs clearly. We care about the relationship and insist for a win/win
situation. We know our limits and refuse to be pushed beyondGihan aboueleish them just because
someone else wants or needs The most effective and healthiest form of communication. Its how
we naturally express ourselves when our self-esteem is intact, giving us the confidence to
communicate without games and manipulation.Assertive communication

29. Situation # 02.Gihan aboueleish Situation # 01. Have a look at these situations
and decide how... ...an aggressive person would react Situations

30. You are the head of your department. A young lady who works for you has started
coming to work late everyday and is extremely moody. What do you do? Gihan aboueleish You
are trying to concentrate on some important work. However, a few of your co-workers are laughing
and horsing around. What do you do?Situations

31. It is a developed aptitude or ability.Gihan aboueleish Skill is defined as a learned

power of doing something competently. What is a Skill?

32. Listening SkillsAn open ear is the only believable signof an open heart. David
Augsburger Gihan aboueleish

33. Active listeningGihan aboueleish Passive listening Hearing Listening are of 3

types: Types of Listening

34. Barriers to Active Listening * Environmental barriers * Physiological barriers *

Psychological barriers * Selective Listening * Negative Listening Attitudes * Personal Reactions *
Poor Motivation

35. What You Think about Listening ? * Understand the complexities of listening * Prepare
to listen * Adjust to the situation * Focus on ideas or key points * Capitalize on the speed
differential * Organize material for learningHow to Be an Effective Listener

36. How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.) * What You Feel about Listening ? * Want to
listen * Delay judgment * Admit your biases * Dont tune out dry subjects * Accept responsibility
for understanding * Encourage others to talk

37. How to Be an Effective Listener (cont.) * What You Do about Listening ? * Establish
eye contact with the speaker * Take notes effectively * Be a physically involved listener * Avoid
negative mannerisms * Exercise your listening muscles * Follow the Golden Rule

38. Use words with accurate diction Be loud enough to be easily heard Be calm and
collected at all times Important Details & Speak slowly and make use of pauses to stress
important ideas. Gihan aboueleishcorrect pronunciation

39. Know what you are talking about and accept the limitations of your knowledge.Gihan
aboueleish Be vibrant and enthusiastic avoid a dull, monotonous tone. Use a confident tone
and a level clear vocabulary. Important Details

40. Finally, remember that interpersonal communication is a multitude of skills. Also

remember that skills can be learned and practiced. It is our hope that you are on your way to
mastering the ART OF COMMUNICATION.Gihan aboueleish

41. HSCB think global Current lifestyle evil. Movies and their impact on mindsets Ethics
in science is a barrier or helper ? Advertising may influence the consumer behavior.
Motivating people in boring jobs Create a presentation about ; Assignment & act local. Your
presentation should not exceed 15 Min with Maximum 20 slides.Gihan aboueleish

42. DESIGNING EFFECTIVEPOWERPOINT PRESENTATIONS By : Gihan aboueleish

43. Presentation Skills Ideas, concepts or issues talked about or spoken to a group or
audience Public speaking is one of the most feared things I could make such a fool of myself
Skills required to give a good presentation can be developed Preparation is the Key

44. Presentation Skills* Preparation/ Planning is the first step on the ladder to success*
Aspects in the development of a good presentation * Self Centered (Self) * Audience Centered
(Audience) * Subject Centered (Material)* I want (who) to (what) (where, when and how) because
(why)

45. HelpersWhat do you want to present (content)?Why do you want to present

(purpose)?Where will you be presenting (place)?How do you want to present (words to be used or
not, slides to be used)Who is your audience?Presentation Skills

46. Presentation Skills* Preparation: Audience Analysis* What is the audience interested
in* What does the audience want* What does the audience already know and needs to know*
What are their needs, expectations from this presentation* How will the audience benefit from this
presentation

47. Structuring the presentation Opening/Beginning Middle section Closing/End 5 min. ,

QuestionsPresentation Skills

48. Presentation Skills* The Beginning - Should be carefully designed.* Get attention shock, humor, question, story, facts &figures* Motivate audience to listen - listen to their needs

49. Presentation Skills* Preparation Structure* Sequence should be logical &

understandable* Summaries- Recaps* Value of visual aids-flip charts, handouts etc.

50. Presentation Skills* Prepare Closing* Last 2 to 2.5 minutes are as critical as the first
five minutes for a successful presentation* Summarize- highlight important points* Suggest actionwhat to do and when, where and how to do it

51. Presentation Skills* Effective Delivery* Be active - move* Be purposeful - controlled

gestures* Variations vocal (pitch, volume, rate)* Be natural* Be direct dont just talk in front of
the audience talk to them

52. Sometime questions themselves give you a lead to highlight your point of view
Anticipate and keep answers ready You are not supposed to know everything Do not get
confusedPresentation SkillsHandling Questions

53. 06 lines, 07 words per line Ensure clear visibility Watch the colors Appropriate
lighting Point with a pen While using an over head projector face the audience while talking
Visual AidsPresentation Skills

54. Presentation SkillsSo to conclude : Always prepare Control your fear Interact with your
audience

55. Tips for public presentation Video

56. Designing Effective PowerPoint Presentation Big Progressive Consistent Simple Clear
SummaryGihan aboueleish
57. MAKE IT BIGGihan aboueleish

58. This is Arial 44Gihan aboueleish This is Arial 36 This is Arial 32 This is Arial 24
This is Arial 18 This is Arial 12 Make it Big (Text)

59. This is Arial 44Gihan aboueleish This is Arial 36 This is Arial 32 This is Arial 24
This is Arial 18 Too Small This is Arial 12Make it Big (Text)

60. 2mGihan aboueleishMake It Big (How to Estimate) Look at it from 2 metres away

61. KEEP IT SIMPLEGihan aboueleish

62. No more than 7 words per lineGihan aboueleish No more than 6 lines per slide The
6 x 7 rule Too Many Fonts and Styles Too many colours Keep It Simple (Text)

63. Keep It Simple (Text)Instructional Technology: A complex integrated process involving

people, procedures, ideas, devices, and organization, for analyzing problems and devising,
implementing, evaluating, and managing solutions to those problems in situations in which
learning is Too detailed ! purposive and controlled (HMRS 5th ed.) Gihan aboueleish

64. Keep It Simple (Text) Instructional Technology: A process involving people, procedures
& tools for solutions to problems in learning (HMRS 5th ed.) Much Simpler Gihan aboueleish

65. Falling Leaves Observed Delhi Mumbai Goa January 11,532,234 14,123,654
3,034,564 February 1,078,456 12,345,567 16,128,234 March 17,234,778 6,567,123 16,034,786
April 16,098,897 10,870,954 7,940,096 May 8,036,897 10,345,394 14,856,456 June July Too
detailed ! 16,184,345 678,095 8,890,345 15,347,934 4,123,656 18,885,786 August 8,674,234
18,107,110 17,230,095 September 4,032,045 18,923,239 9,950,498 October 2,608,096
9,945,890 5,596,096 November 5,864,034 478,023 6,678,125Gihan aboueleish December
12,234,123 9,532,111 3,045,654

66. Falling Leaves in Millions In 106 Delhi Mumbai Goa January 11 14 3 February 1 12 16
March 17 6 16 April 16 10 7 May June Much Simpler 8 16 10 0 14 4 July 8 15 18 August 8 18 17
September 4 18 9 October 2 9 5 November 5 0 6 December 12 9 3Gihan aboueleish

67. Falling Leaves 50 Goa 45 Mumbai 40 Delhi 35 30 25 Too detailed ! 20 15 10 5Gihan

aboueleish 0 January February March April May June July August September October November
December

68. Falling Leaves 50 Goa Mumbai Delhi 40 30 Much Simpler 20 10Gihan aboueleish 0
January March May July September November

69. Art work may distract your audience Artistry does not substitute for contentGihan
aboueleishKeep It Simple (Picture)

70. Sound effects may distract too Use sound only when necessaryGihan
aboueleishKeep It Simple (Sound)

71. This transition is annoying, not enhancing "Appear" and "Disappear" are betterKeep
It Simple (Transition)

72. Keep It Simple (Animation) 2m Simple & to the pointGihan aboueleish

73. MAKE IT CLEARGihan aboueleish

74. Upper and lower case letters are easierGihan aboueleish ALL CAPITAL LETTERS
ARE DIFFICULT TO READ Make It Clear (Capitalisation)
75. Make It Clear (Fonts) Z Times/Arial Z Serif clear busyGihan aboueleish

76. Instead, use colours to emphasiseGihan aboueleish Underlines may signify

hyperlinks Normal or bold fonts are clearer Italics are difficult to read on screen Arial or
Times fonts are clearer Serif or Script fonts are difficult to read on screen Make It Clear
(Fonts)

77. Make It Clear (Numbers) Use numbers for lists with sequence For example: How to
put an elephant into a fridge? 1. Open the door of the fridge 2. Put the elephant in 3. Close the
doorGihan aboueleish

78. Make It Clear (Numbers)How to put a giraffe into a fridge?1. Open the door of the
fridge2. Take out the elephant3. Put the giraffe in4. Close the doorGihan aboueleish

79. Hierarchy, .. Gihan aboueleish Sequence PriorityMake It Clear (Bullets)Use

bullets to show a list without

80. Use complementary coloursGihan aboueleish Light on dark vs dark on light Use
contrasting coloursMake It Clear (Colours)

81. Use complementary colours high contrast low contrastGihan aboueleish Light on
dark vs dark on light Use contrasting coloursMake It Clear (Contrast)

82. Use complementary colours This is light on darkGihan aboueleish Light on dark vs
dark on light Use contrasting coloursMake It Clear (Contrast)

83. Use complementary colours This is dark on light Gihan aboueleish Light on dark vs
dark on light Use contrasting coloursMake It Clear (Contrast)

84. Use contrasting colours Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary
coloursThese colours do not complementGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Complement)

85. Use contrasting colours Light on dark vs dark on light Use complementary colours
These colours complementGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Complement)

86. Size implies importanceGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Size)

87. Size implies importanceGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Size)

88. Focal points direct attentionGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Focal Points)

89. Focal points direct attentionGihan aboueleishMake It Clear (Focal Points)

90. BE PROGRESSIVEGihan aboueleish

91. Types of Instructional Tools Discovery Learning Individual Social Constructive

Constructive Tools Tools Too many in one go!Mode of Instruction Guided Inquiry Informational
Tools Individual Social Instructive Communicative Tools Tools Direct Instruction Individual Pair
Group Gihan aboueleish Complexity of Interactions

92. Types of Instructional Tools Discovery Learning Individual Social Constructive

Constructive Tools Tools Mode of Instruction Guided Informational Tools Progressive & Inquiry
Individual Social thus focused Instructive Tools Communicative Tools Direct Instruction Individual
Pair Group Gihan aboueleish Complexity of Interactions

93. Understanding TechnologyMouse I/O ErrorMain Storage CPU Function key Too many
& not User interfaceSoftware focused DebuggerFloppy disk Backup system

94. Understanding TechnologyMouse I/O ErrorMain Storage CPU Function key

Progressive & User interfaceSoftware thus focused DebuggerFloppy disk Backup system
95. BE CONSISTENTGihan aboueleish

96. Use surprises to attract not distractGihan aboueleish Differences may imply
importance Differences draw attentionBe Consistent

97. Use surprises to attract not distract This tick draws attentionGihan aboueleish
Differences may imply importanceDifferences draw attention Be Consistent

98. Differences may imply importanceo Use surprises to attract not distract These
differences distract!Gihan aboueleishDifferences draw attention Be Consistent

99. Use surprises to attract not distract This implies importanceGihan aboueleish
Differences draw attention Differences may imply importance Be Consistent

100. Use surprises to attract not distract Confusing differences! Gihan aboueleish
Differences draw attention Differences may imply importanceBe Consistent

101. Use surprises to attract not distract This surprise attracts Gihan aboueleish
Differences may imply importance Differences draw attentionBe Consistent

102. Use surprises to attract not distract These distract!Gihan aboueleish Differences
may imply importance Differences draw attentionBe Consistent

103. Consistent Gihan aboueleish Progressive Clear Simple BigIn Summary

104. Think about the people in the back of the room when creating slidesGihan
aboueleish Sounds only when absolutely necessary Visuals to support, not to distract
Animations for complex relationships Pictures to simplify complex concepts Text to support the
communicationWhen Creating

105. Dont read the slides word-for-word, use them for referenceGihan aboueleish (if
applicable) Ask questions of your audience Maintain eye contact with your audience Direct
your words to all aspects of the room Speak loudly and clearly with fluctuation When
Presenting

106. Leave time for questionsGihan aboueleish Be particular about the time allotted for
presentation Ask for feedback Practice your presentation before a neutral audience Closing
Remarks

107. Discussing the assigned presentations & finalize the course.

108. THANK YOU !

Barriers to Effective Communication

Home Page

Recognizing barriers to effective communication is a first step in improving communication

style. Do you recognize these barriers from your own personal and professional experience?
Encoding Barriers. The process of selecting and organizing symbols to represent a message
requires skill and knowledge. Obstacles listed below can interfere with an effective
message.
1. Lack of Sensitivity to Receiver. A breakdown in communication may result when a
message is not adapted to its receiver. Recognizing the receivers needs, status, knowledge
of the subject, and language skills assists the sender in preparing a successful message. If a
customer is angry, for example, an effective response may be just to listen to the person
vent for awhile.
2. Lack of Basic Communication Skills. The receiver is less likely to understand the
message if the sender has trouble choosing the precise words needed and arranging those
words in a grammatically-correct sentence.
3. Insufficient Knowledge of the Subject. If the sender lacks specific information about
something, the receiver will likely receive an unclear or mixed message. Have you shopped
for an item such as a computer, and experienced how some salespeople can explain
complicated terms and ideas in a simple way? Others cannot.
4. Information Overload. If you receive a message with too much information, you may
tend to put up a barrier because the amount of information is coming so fast that you may
have difficulty comfortably interpreting that information. If you are selling an item with
twenty-five terrific features, pick two or three important features to emphasize instead of
overwhelming your receiver (ho-hum) with an information avalanche.
5. Emotional Interference. An emotional individual may not be able to communicate well.
If someone is angry, hostile, resentful, joyful, or fearful, that person may be too
preoccupied with emotions to receive the intended message. If you dont like someone, for
example, you may have trouble hearing them.
Transmitting Barriers: Things that get in the way of message transmission are sometimes
called noise. Communication may be difficult because of noise and some of these
problems:
1. Physical Distractions. A bad cellular phone line or a noisy restaurant can destroy
communication. If an E-mail message or letter is not formatted properly, or if it contains
grammatical and spelling errors, the receiver may not be able to concentrate on the
message because the physical appearance of the letter or E-mail is sloppy and
unprofessional.
2. Conflicting Messages. Messages that cause a conflict in perception for the receiver may
result in incomplete communication. For example, if a person constantly uses jargon or
slang to communicate with someone from another country who has never heard such
expressions, mixed messages are sure to result. Another example of conflicting messages
might be if a supervisor requests a report immediately without giving the report writer
enough time to gather the proper information. Does the report writer emphasize speed in
writing the report, or accuracy in gathering the data?
3. Channel Barriers. If the sender chooses an inappropriate channel of communication,
communication may cease. Detailed instructions presented over the telephone, for
example, may be frustrating for both communicators. If you are on a computer technical
support help line discussing a problem, it would be helpful for you to be sitting in front of a