Grade 7 Science

Unit 2: Heat
Chapter 4: Temperature describes how hot
or cold an object is.

Name:
Section #:
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Temperature
How does temperature affect your daily life?

Why do you feel warm playing outside on a cold winters day?

**Try at home- Baffle your skin**

Complete the activity sheet included in your work book at home and submit to your teacher by
Monday, December 5th.

Complete the Activity sheet 4-1A in class on page 111 (see work booklet page 7)

Standard Temperatures (0C)

Human Body Temperature
Boiling Point of Water
Freezing Point of Water
Comfortable Room Temperature

Measuring Temperatures
Early Thermoscopes
Galileo
Uses?
How it works

Diagram

A Demo Building a Thermoscope

Early Liquid Thermometer

Temperature Scales
Scales are necessary for temperatures to be
Three commonly used scales are:
Fahrenheit

and

Celsius

Developed by?
Points of interest

Kelvin

Measuring Devices
Uses

Diagram

Liquid-in-glass
thermometer

Thermocouple

Resistance thermometer
(digital thermometers)

Thermostat (bimetallic
strip)

Infrared Thermometer
(thermogram)

A Demo Using a Bimetallic Strip

Chapter 4: Assignment: Baffle Your Skin (page 107)

Question: Is your skin a good instrument to determine how hot or cold an object is?
Hypothesis: (2 points) ___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Materials: Write in the space below (2 points)

Procedure: Refer to text, page 107.

NOTE: Make sure that you complete this with a parent or guardian. Ensure that the water is
not hot enough to burn your hands! Also, you may want to work on newspaper or around a
sink. Have towels ready to clean up.
Observations: (2 points)

In the space below, make some jot notes describing how your hands felt when
you conducted the experiment.

Analysis:
1. Describe how each hand felt in step two when you put both hands in the same bowl of
water. Give possible explanations for your observations. (2 points)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Was there any difference in your observations in step three to step two? If there was,
suggest a possible reason why. (2 points) ____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Use your observations to explain how the same air temperature can seem warm in the winter
and cool in the summer. (3 points)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion: (What did you learn about your skin as a good instrument to determine the
temperature of an object?) (2 marks)
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

Activity 4-1A Boiling Hot, Freezing Cold

In this activity you will try to match temperatures to descriptions of places or things. You will
probably be able to guess many of the temperatures of common things. Other temperatures
might surprise you. Using page 111 in your textbook, fill in the table below!
Very Cold

Everyday

Very Hot

1. Which temperatures surprised you the most? Why? _____________________________

________________________________________________________________________
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2. What was the most important thing that you learned from this exercise? ____________
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Key Terms
Body Temperature (p.112)
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Room Temperature (p. 112)
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Hypothermia (p.113)
______________________________________________________________________________
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Thermometer (p. 122)
______________________________________________________________________________
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Thermoscope (p. 122)
______________________________________________________________________________
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Fahrenheit Scale (p.123)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Celsius scale (p.124)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Kelvin Scale (p.124)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Calibrate (p.125)
______________________________________________________________________________
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Bimetallic Strip (p.126)

______________________________________________________________________________
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Thermocouple (p.127)
______________________________________________________________________________
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Thermogram (p. 127)
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Comprehension questions
1.

If you were asked what room temperature is, why would it not be possible to give a
specific temperature?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

2.

What is hypothermia?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

3.

Estimate the temperatures of the following items.

(a) a cup of soup
(b) the flame of a candle
(c) the record cold temperature in Qubec
(d) an ice cream cone
(e) a person who has the flu
(f) a carton of ice cream in a freezer
(g) a container of juice in a refrigerator
(h) a container of juice on a kitchen table

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__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________

4.

What is the difference between a thermoscope and a thermometer?

________________________________________________________________________
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5.

Explain how Galileos air thermometer showed a change in the temperature.

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6.

What does absolute zero mean?

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7.

If you were told that an object had a temperature of 14C, would you pick it up with
your bare hands? Why or why not?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

8.

Explain why one person might touch an object and say it was cool while another person
touches the same object and says that it is warm?

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Comparison of the Kelvin (K), Celsius (C) and Fahrenheit (F) Scales

Place a ruler across each of the THREE thermometers to compare the following temperatures:

1. Boiling water = 373.15 Kelvin________Celcius ________ Fahrenheit

2. Water freezes = _______ Kelvin, ________Celcius ________Fahrenheit
3. Body Temperature _______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ________Fahrenheit
4. Room Temperature= ______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ______ Fahrenheit
5. Absolute zero = _______ Kelvin, ______Celcius ________ Fahrenheit

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Review of Key Terms

Create a list of 20 words or phrases from the descriptions below. Then find the words in the puzzle that
follows. Words in phrases are not found together in the puzzle.
1. Can indicate whether you are sick
2. When the body is too cold to recover
3. Comfortable surroundings at home
4. Temperature measuring device in a thermostat
5. To put the correct scale on a thermometer
6. Sets zero for freezing point of water and one
hundred for boiling point of water
7. First widely used temperature scale
8. Sets zero for coldest possible temperature
9. Temperature sensing device made of two
metals in which electric current shows temperature
difference between ends of metals
10. Image showing temperature that is taken with
film sensitive to infrared radiation
11. Common temperature measuring device
12. Measures temperature changes but has no
scale
13. If your body temperature is above 37 C, you
might have this
14. These animals bask in the Sun to raise their
body temperature
15. This scientist invented one of the first
instruments for measuring temperature
16. Scientists often use this term to describe the
coldest possible temperature
17. You can use this to set the temperature of your
home
18. These are usually set at a temperature of 4 C
19. You might choose a temperature of 160 C if
you are using this
20. To do this comfortably, many people set the
temperature at 18 C

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Chapter 4 Practice Test

Circle the letter of the best answer.
1. Which is normal body temperature for a person?
A. 37 C
B. 37 F
C. 98.6 C
D. 98.6 K
2. A temperature of 22 C would be normal for which case?
A. body temperature for a bird
B. comfortable room temperature
C. outside temperature in Newfoundland and Labrador in January
D. oven temperature when baking pizza
3. In what way does a thermoscope differ from a thermometer?
A. A thermometer has no scale.
B. A thermoscope has a Fahrenheit scale and a thermometer has a Celsius scale.
C. A thermoscope has no scale.
D. A thermoscope uses coloured water while a thermometer uses alcohol.
4. Which was the first widely used temperature scale?
A. Celsius scale
B. Fahrenheit scale
C. Kelvin scale
D. Thomson scale
5. What happens when a bimetallic strip is heated?
A. An electric current flows along the strip.
B. Contracts because metals undergo thermal contraction.
C. It bends because the two metals expand by a different amount.
D. Vibrates because the heating adds energy to the strip.
6. When you want to measure the temperature of an extremely hot gas, which is the
best device to use?
A. bimetallic strip.
B. glass thermometer.
C. photographic film.
D. thermocouple.

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Match the term on the left with the best description on the right.
Each description may be used only once.
Term
_____

7. body temperature

_____

8. room temperature

_____

9. bimetallic strip

_____ 10. hypothermia

_____ 11. thermogram
_____ 12. thermoscope

Description
A. is used in thermostats to turn a furnace on and off
B. is a picture of infrared radiation given off by an
object
C. an electric current indicates temperature
D. causes the body to function so slowly that a
person might not recover
E. is higher for birds than for mammals
F. is an arbitrarily chosen temperature scale
G. is not a specific temperature but is a range of
temperatures
H. is the first temperature detecting instrument
developed by scientists

Short Answer Questions

13. Explain how to calibrate a thermometer. Use the pictures shown here to help with
your explanation.

____________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________

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14. What type of information can you get by taking your temperature? Give an
example.
____________________________________________________________________
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15. Explain how at least three of your senses (sight, smell, and feel) can tell you that a
stove burner is hot.
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16. Describe what Fahrenheit used as 0 and as 100 when he selected values for his
temperature scale.
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17. Explain what causes a bimetallic strip to bend.
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18. Use the diagram below to explain how a thermostat turns an oven on and off.

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19. a) What is the name of this instrument? ________________________

b) Who invented it? __________________________
c) How can it be used to detect a temperature change ?
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