TBird Series
Ventilators
L1580
Revision D
L1580
Operators Manual
Revision D
March 2003
Revision History
Date
Revision
May 2001
All
Initial Release
December 2002
March 2003
Tracking Notice
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Pages
Revision D
Changes
March 2003
Operators Manual
Warranty
TBird ventilation systems are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship and to
meet the published specifications for two (2) years or 8,000 hours, whichever occurs first.
The liability of Bird Products under this warranty is limited to replacing, repairing or issuing credit, at the
discretion of Bird Products, for parts that become defective or fail to meet published specifications
during the warranty period; Bird Products will not be liable under this warranty unless (A) Bird Products
is promptly notified in writing by Buyer upon discovery of defects or failure to meet published
specifications; (B) the defective unit or part is returned to Bird Products, transportation charges prepaid
by Buyer; (C) the defective unit or part is received by Bird Products for adjustment no later than four
weeks following the last day of the warranty period; and (D) Bird Product's examination of such unit or
part shall disclose, to its satisfaction, that such defects or failures have not been caused by misuse,
neglect, improper installation, unauthorized repair, alteration or accident.
Any authorization of Bird Products for repair or alteration by the Buyer must be in writing to prevent
voiding the warranty. In no event shall Bird Products be liable to the Buyer for loss of profits, loss of
use, consequential damage or damages of any kind based upon a claim for breach of warranty, other
than the purchase price of any defective product covered hereunder.
Bird Products warranties as herein and above set forth shall not be enlarged, diminished or affected by,
and no obligation or liability shall arise or grow out of the rendering of technical advice or service by
Bird Products or its agents in connection with the Buyer's order of the products furnished hereunder.
Limitations of Liabilities
This warranty does not cover normal maintenance such as cleaning, adjustment or lubrication and
updating of equipment parts. This warranty shall be void and shall not apply if the equipment is used
with accessories or parts not manufactured by Bird Products or authorized for use in writing by Bird
Products or if the equipment is not maintained in accordance with the prescribed schedule of
maintenance.
The warranty stated above shall extend for a period of two (2) years from date of shipment or 8,000
hours of use, whichever occurs first, with the following exceptions:
1.
Components for monitoring of physical variables such as temperature, pressure, or flow are
warranted for ninety (90) days from date of receipt.
2.
Elastomeric components and other parts or components subject to deterioration, over which Bird
Products has no control, are warranted for sixty (60) days from date of receipt.
3.
Internal and optional external batteries are warranted for ninety (90) days from the date of
receipt.
The foregoing is in lieu of any warranty, expressed or implied, including, without limitation, any warranty
of merchantability, except as to title, and can be amended only in writing by a duly authorized
representative of Bird Products.
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Notices
Copyright Notice
Copyright 2002 Bird Products Corporation, a subsidiary of VIASYS Healthcare, Palm Springs,
California.
This work is protected under Title 17 of the U.S. Code and is the sole property of Bird Products
Corporation. No part of this document may be copied or otherwise reproduced, or stored in any
electronic information retrieval system, except as specifically permitted under U.S. Copyright law,
without the prior written consent of Bird Products Corporation. For more information, contact:
World Headquarters
Bird Products Corporation
1100 Bird Center Drive
Palm Springs, CA 92262-8099
U.S.A.
Phone:
(760) 778-7200
(800) 328-4139
Fax:
(760) 778-7274
www.viasyshealthcare.com or www.birdprod.com
European Office
Bird Products Corporation
Rembrandtlaan 1b
3723 BG Bilthoven
P.O. Box 299, 3720 AG Bilthoven
The Netherlands
Phone: (31) 30 2289 711
Fax:
(31) 30 2286 244
Trademark Notices
TBird is a registered trademark of Bird Products Corporation, a subsidiary of VIASYS Healthcare, in
the United States and some other countries. All other brand names and product names mentioned in
this manual are trademarks, registered trademarks, or trade names of their respective holders.
EMC Notice
This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If not installed and used in
accordance with the instructions in this manual, electromagnetic interference may result. The
equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits set forth in EN60601-1-2 for Medical
Products. These limits provide reasonable protection against electromagnetic interference when
operated in the intended use environments described in this manual.
MRI Notice
This equipment contains electromagnetic components whose operation can be affected by intense
electromagnetic fields.
Do not operate the ventilator in an MRI environment or in the vicinity of high-frequency surgical
diathermy equipment, defibrillators, or short wave therapy equipment. Electromagnetic interference
could disrupt the operation of the ventilator.
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Regulatory Notice
Federal law restricts the sale of this device except by or on order of a physician.
0086
EU Notified Body:
BSI (Reg. No. 0086)
Type of Equipment:
Trade names:
TBird AVS, TBird AVS II, TBird AVS III, TBird VS, TBird VSO2, TBird Legacy
If you have a question regarding the Declaration of Conformity for this product, please contact Bird
Products.
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IEC Classification
The AVS, VSO2 and VS ventilators are suitable for use in institutional and transport
environments. The Legacy is suitable for home and institutional environments.
Not protected/Not suitable for use in the presence of flammable anesthetic gases.
Safety Information
Please review the following safety information prior to operating the ventilator. It lists warnings,
cautions, and notes pertinent to the safe operation of the ventilator. Attempting to operate the ventilator
without fully understanding its features and functions may result in unsafe operating conditions.
If you have a question regarding the installation, set up, operation, or maintenance of the ventilator,
contact Bird Products Technical Support as shown in Appendix A Contact & Ordering Information.
Terms
WARNINGS
CAUTIONS
identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the ventilator or other
equipment.
NOTES
identify supplemental information to help you better understand how the ventilator
works.
Warnings
The following warnings apply any time you work with the ventilator.
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To avoid explosion, do not operate the ventilator in the presence of flammable anesthetics or
in an atmosphere of explosive gases. Operating the ventilator in flammable or explosive
atmospheres may result in fire or explosion.
To avoid personal injury and the risk of electric shock, as well as damage to the ventilator, do
not operate the ventilator with its covers or panels removed. Refer all servicing to a Bird
Certified Service Technician.
All electromechanical systems are subject to malfunction or failure from both internal and
external causes. Although the ventilator has been designed to detect and notify you of various
conditions by means of alarms, and to shut down in case of possible unsafe operating
conditions, anyone operating the ventilator should be trained to respond with a well-rehearsed
procedure to provide emergency ventilation in case the ventilator ceases to operate.
Care should be taken to ensure that the patient does not disconnect from the patient breathing
circuit. Such disconnections could be hazardous to the patient.
Use an accurate oxygen analyzer having high and low alarms to monitor oxygen
concentrations. This is required to ensure the desired fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) is
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Operators Manual
being delivered to the patient. Consult a physician to determine the desired concentration of
inspired oxygen to be delivered.
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Do not attach a one-way check valve to the outlet of the exhalation valve. Doing so may
adversely affect the operation of the ventilator and may be harmful to the patient.
Do not operate the ventilator without setting the adjustable alarms. All adjustable alarms must
be set to ensure safe operation. Ensure that all critical alarms, such as the Low Pressure
alarm, have been set.
Operating an improperly functioning ventilator may be harmful to the patient or operator. If the
ventilator does not start up properly, or fails to pass the User Verification Tests (described in
Chapter 7), remove it from service and contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Do not operate the ventilator unless you are trained to do so. The ventilator is a restricted
medical device intended for use by qualified, trained personnel under the direction of a
physician. Operation by untrained personnel may result in unsafe operating conditions.
Do not operate the ventilator unless qualified personnel are in attendance to promptly respond
to alarms, inoperative conditions, or sudden malfunctions. Patients on life-support equipment
should be visually monitored at all times. Qualified personnel should be prepared to provide an
alternate form of ventilation, if needed.
Lower air density at higher altitudes will effect tidal volume delivery and exhaled tidal volume
measurements. Please refer to Chapter 6, Special Functions, for details on how to
compensate for higher altitudes.
Do not ignore audible alarms occurring at the ventilator. Alarms indicate conditions that require
your immediate attention.
Do not try to service or repair an improperly functioning ventilator yourself. Contact your Bird
Certified Service Technician for all repairs and service.
Do not use parts, accessories, or options that have not been authorized for use with the
ventilator. Using unauthorized parts, accessories, or options may be harmful to the patient or
damage the ventilator.
Do not connect the ventilator to a patient without first pressure testing the patient breathing
circuit (see Chapter 7, User Verification Tests). Failing to pressure test the patient breathing
circuit may result in injury or inadequate therapy. If using a heated humidifier be sure to
include it in the circuit when pressure testing.
Check the exhalation valve diaphragm daily. A worn or damaged exhalation valve diaphragm
may result in improper patient ventilation. Replace the diaphragm as necessary.
Check all audible and visual alarms daily to make sure they are operating properly. If an alarm
fails to activate, contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Although the system will continue to ventilate with a XDCR FAULT alert, the accuracy of the
tidal volume, minute volume, and pressure measurements may be reduced. Remove the
ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Make sure the High Pressure alarm limit is not set above the Over Pressure Relief setting.
Otherwise, a HIGH PRES alarm will not occur and the patient may be subjected to sustained
high pressures.
Although the system continues to ventilate when a NO CAL DATA alert is present, the
accuracy of the volume and pressures may be reduced. The system may generate pressures
and volumes that are inconsistent with the front panel settings. Remove the ventilator from
service and contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
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Disconnect the patient prior to accessing the UVTs. The ventilator does not deliver gas during
the UVTs.
Delivered percentage oxygen may be higher than set at elevations above 5000 feet.
Cautions
The following cautions apply any time you work with the ventilator.
A protective ground connection by way of the grounding conductor in the power cord is
essential for safe operation. Upon loss of protective ground, all conductive parts, including
knobs and controls, which may appear to be insulated, can render an electric shock. To avoid
electrical shock, plug the power cord into a properly wired receptacle, use only the power cord
supplied with the ventilator, and make sure the power cord is in good condition.
To avoid fire hazard, use only the fuse specified in the ventilators parts list and is identical in
type, voltage rating, and current rating to the existing fuse. (See the TBird Ventilator Series
Service Manual, P/N L1314, for more information). Fuses should only be changed by a Bird
Certified Service Technician.
To minimize the potential for electrostatic shock, do not use anti-static or electrically
conductive hoses and tubing with the ventilator.
Run the User Verification Tests (described in Chapter 7) prior to clinical application, at least
once a month (or as specified by your department guidelines), and any time you suspect the
ventilator is not operating properly.
Do not store the ventilator in hot areas for prolonged periods of time. Temperatures above
80F (27 C) can shorten battery life. Failing to charge the ventilator while in storage may also
shorten battery life.
When the integrity of the external power earth conductor arrangement is in doubt, operate the
ventilator from its internal battery or the optional external battery.
The maximum voltage that can be applied to the Patient Assist Call modular connector is 25
volts rms or 31 VDC.
The following cautions apply when cleaning the ventilator or sterilizing ventilator accessories.
For more information, see Chapter 9, Cleaning And Sterilization.
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Do not clean or dry the ventilator with a high-pressure air gun. Applying high-pressure air to
the ventilator may damage the internal components of the pneumatic circuit and render the
ventilator inoperable.
Do not over clean the ventilator. Repeated use of a cleaning agent can cause residue build-up
on critical components. Excessive residue build up can affect ventilator performance.
Do not wash, rinse, soak, pasteurize, ethylene-oxide sterilize, or immerse the Bird Products
main flow bacteria filter in liquid sterilizing agents. Use a steam autoclave to sterilize the main
flow bacteria filter.
Do not sterilize the ventilator. Standard sterilization techniques may damage the ventilator.
Do not use cleaning agents that contain phenols, ammonium chloride, chloride compounds, or
more than 2% glutaraldehyde. These agents may damage the ventilators plastic components
and front panel overlay.
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Do not immerse the ventilator in liquid sterilizing agents or liquids of any kind.
Do not spray cleaning solution into the exhalation valve or directly onto the front panel.
The exhalation valve assembly is a delicate precision assembly. Exercise care when
removing, replacing, or cleaning the assembly:
Do not insert cleaning instruments (cloth, brush, pipe cleaner, and so on) into the exhalation
valve body.
Do not use a high-pressure gas nozzle to dry the exhalation valve body. High-pressure gas
may damage the differential pressure ports in the exhalation valve body.
Using a low flow gas source (less than 10 lpm) ensures the differential pressure ports are free
of moisture and debris.
To avoid possible damage to elastometric components, the peak temperature for Bird
Products accessories should not exceed 131F (55C) for gas (ETO) and 275F (135C) for
steam autoclave.
Be sure to check with the manufacturer of these chemicals and sterilizing equipment to ensure
safe handling procedures are followed.
It is not necessary to remove the four screws to remove the fan inlet filter. To do so will cause
mounting hardware to become loose within the ventilator, which may result in electrical
damage.
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Symbols
The following symbols may be used on the instrument or in accompanying documentation.
Symbol
Compliance
Symbol #03-02 IEC 60878
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Meaning
Indicates ON (Power)
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Table of Contents
Revision History ................................................................................................................................... 3
Warranty ................................................................................................................................................ 4
Notices................................................................................................................................................... 5
Copyright Notice.............................................................................................................................................................. 5
Trademark Notices .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
EMC Notice ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
MRI Notice....................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Intended Use Notice........................................................................................................................................................ 6
Regulatory Notice............................................................................................................................................................ 6
Declaration of Conformity Notice..................................................................................................................................... 6
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Definitions...................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Alarms ........................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Alerts ............................................................................................................................................................................. 49
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How to Clean and Replace the Fan Filter ..................................................................................................................... 95
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Chapter 1 Introduction
This chapter covers the following material:
OPTION
% O2
100% O2
Assist/Control
Breath Rate
CPAP
Expiratory Hold
Flow Cal
High Breath Rate
High Pressure
Inspiratory Hold
Inspiratory Pause
Inspiratory Time
Low Pressure
Manual Breath
MIP/NIF
Peak Flow
PEEP
Pressure Control
Pressure Support
Sensitivity
Sigh
SIMV
Square Waveform
Tidal Volume
VAPS
LEGACY
VS
VSO2
AVS
AVS II
AVS III
X
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The TBird Ventilator systems are easy to use, self-contained systems that combine an advanced
pneumatic system with microprocessor-based technology. The result is a ventilation system providing
excellent ventilation and patient monitoring.
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The AVS Series Ventilator is available in three configurations: AVS, AVS II and AVS III. The AVS and
AVS II can easily be upgraded in the field using Configuration Memory Cards. The VS and VSO2
ventilators are excellent for critical care and sub-acute care environments. The TBird Legacy ventilator
completes the family as a homecare capable version. Packaged in a compact, lightweight unit, the
TBird Ventilators provide all the features you would expect in larger ventilators.
A broad range of operating modes including Control, Assist/Control, SIMV, and CPAP.
A comprehensive monitoring package, including PIP, MAP, Breath Rate, I:E Ratio, Tidal
Volume (Vte), Minute Ventilation (VE), Inspiratory Time (Ti), and PEEP.
Integrated real-time digital airway pressure manometer with adjustable high and low-pressure
alarms.
For ordering information on upgrades, see Appendix A or contact your Bird Products representative.
Power Source. The ventilator operates from a standard 100, 110, 220, or 240 VAC power
source, the internal battery or an optional external battery. The factory equipped internal
battery is capable of providing power during short-term patient transports or AC power
interruptions. The optional external battery can be used for longer periods of support.
Pressurized Oxygen (for AVS models or VSO2). The oxygen source must provide clean,
dry, medical grade oxygen at a line pressure of 40 to 60 PSIG (2.8 to 4.2 bar).
Low Flow Oxygen (for VS or Legacy). The low flow oxygen source must provide clean,
medical grade oxygen not to exceed 80 lpm at 0.5 PSIG (0.035 bar).
WARNING
Do not operate the ventilator unless qualified personnel are in attendance to promptly respond to alarms,
inoperative conditions, or sudden malfunctions. Patients on life support equipment should be visually monitored at
all times. Qualified personnel should be prepared to provide an alternate form of ventilation, if needed.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
17
External battery
Fan filter
Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician to replace all other parts, including the internal
battery. See Appendix A, Contact & Ordering Information for information on how to order replaceable
components and request a service call.
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Why some controls may flash when you attempt to set them.
For more information on where controls are located, see Appendix C, Ventilator Illustrations.
Table 2-1 List of Controls and Displays
%O2 Control
ON Indicator
AC Power Indicator
PEEP/CPAP Control
Power Switch
Alarm Window
Altitude Compensation
Sensitivity Control
Sigh Button
Control Knob/Lock
MIP/NIF Button
Effort Indicator
VAPS Button
Monitor Window
Variable Controls
These controls are used to set ventilation parameters and alarms. Set the control by pressing the
button located below its display. While the control is selected, all other control displays are dimmed.
Turn the front panel control knob until the desired setting appears in the controls display. The new
setting takes effect upon the next breath. The other controls will illuminate again when the operator
either:
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Table 2-2 shows you the controls available in each mode and the non-limited range of settings allowed
in that mode.
Table 2-3 shows the available controls by breath type.
Table 2-2 Ranges of Variable Controls by Mode
Function
Breath Rate
High Breath Rate
High Pressure
Limit
Inspiratory Pause
Inspiratory Time
Low Min Volume
Low Pressure
O2%
Peak Flow
PEEP/CPAP
Pressure Control
Pressure Support
Sensitivity
Tidal Volume
SIMV Mode
2 - 80 bpm
OFF, 3 150 bpm
5 - 120 cmH2O
2 - 80 bpm
OFF, 3 150 bpm
5 - 120 cmH2O
CPAP Mode
Dimmed
Dimmed
5-120 cmH2O
Dimmed
Dimmed
Dimmed
Dimmed
21-100%
Dimmed
0 - 30 lpm
Dimmed
OFF, 1-60 cmH2O
OFF, 1 20 L/min
Dimmed
Volume Control1
Pressure
Control2
VAPS
Breath Rate
High Pressure
Limit
Inspiratory Pause
Inspiratory Time
Low Min Volume
Low Pressure
O2%
Peak Flow
PEEP/CPAP
Pressure Control
Pressure Support
Sensitivity
Tidal Volume
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Dimmed
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Dimmed
Active
Active
Active
Dimmed
Active
Active
Active
Active
Dimmed
Active
Active
Active
Active
Dimmed
Active
Dimmed
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
Active
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Pushbuttons
These buttons allow you to perform a front panel action, such as delivering a manual breath, or turning
a feature, such as the sigh breath feature, on or off. When the button is on, the integrated LED
illuminates. To toggle the button on or off, just press and release the button.
Dimmed Controls
A control dims when it is not available in the currently selected mode. Although dimmed, the control
retains its setting so you can switch modes without having to reset the control. You can also set a
dimmed control prior to switching to a mode in which the control will be active.
Flashing Controls
A control may flash for several reasons:
1.
There is a pre-set limit on the range of possible settings for the control, and you have reached
that limit. The ventilator monitors all control settings and will automatically limit the range of
certain controls to prevent incompatible settings. This is to ensure the following:
A minimum high pressure alarm setting of at least 5 cmH2O above PEEP for all modes.
2.
A required control has not been set. If a control is required in a particular mode, the ventilator
flashes the control until you set it. When you set the Low Peak Pressure alarm limit to OFF, for
example, the setting flashes to remind you to set the alarm before leaving the machine.
3.
An alarm is active. When an alarm occurs, the associated display will flash. This enables you to
identify the cause of the alarm at a glance.
4.
An alternate exhalation criteria has been met for a Pressure Support or Pressure Control breath.
In Pressure Support, ordinarily a Termination Flow (TERMSENS) ends the inspiratory phase. If
the Time Limit (VARITIME) has been reached first, the Pressure Support control will flash. In
Pressure Control, ordinarily the Inspiratory Time control ends the inspiratory phase. If Flow
Termination (FLOWTERM) is set and is reached first, the Pressure Control display will flash.
The Assist/Control button selects both the Control and Assist Control modes of ventilation. To select the Control mode, set the Sensitivity to OFF.
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Note
The alarm is disabled in the CPAP mode and during spontaneous and Pressure Support breaths. The alarm is enabled in
CPAP mode when a manual or sigh breath is delivered.
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If the audible alarm is sounding, press the button once to silence the alarm for 60 seconds.
If you correct the condition causing the alarm within the silence period, press the button again
to clear the alarm message.
If the audible alarm is not sounding, but there is an alarm message displayed in the alarm
window and the red silence-period indicator is turned off, press the button once to clear the
display.
If no alarm is sounding or displayed, press the button once to silence any alarms that might
occur in the next 60 seconds. To cancel the preemptive silence period, press the button again.
When silenced, the red LED above the button illuminates for 60 seconds. At the end of the silence
period, the LED turns off and the audible alarm sounds again unless the condition causing the alarm
has been corrected.
If a vent inop occurs, turn the ventilator off before pressing Alarm Silence/Reset.
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Control Knob/Lock
Used to set variable controls (e.g., Breath Rate, Tidal Volume), select Special Functions, and run User
Verification Tests (UVTs), this control allows you to dial through a range of values or a sequence of
selections. Also allows you to lock and unlock the front panel.
To set a variable control, press the controls button and turn the Control Knob clockwise to increase the
setting or counter-clockwise to decrease the setting. The faster you turn the knob the faster the setting
will change.
To lock or unlock the front panel controls, press the Control Knob. When locked, the green LED next to
the lock icon illuminates. Locking or unlocking the front panel has no effect on the actual setting of the
controls. Locking the front panels controls prevents unauthorized personnel from changing the
ventilators settings. All controls except the Monitor Select, Manual Breath, 100% O2 3 Min (VSO2,
AVS, II, III) and Alarm Silence/Reset button are secured when locked.
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To access the Special Functions, press and hold the Control Knob until VENT SETUP appears in the
monitor window (approximately two seconds). Release the control Knob. When working with the
Special Functions, you can back out of the functions by pressing the Control Knob.
The control lock itself can only be disabled using the Control Lock Enable function in the Ventilator
Setup Group Special Functions (see Chapter 6). When disabled, pressing the control lock has no affect
on the front panel controls: they remain unlocked.
Note
When operating in CPAP mode, certain controls must be set to clinically appropriate levels even though they are dimmed and
inactive. Should the patient become apneic, the ventilator uses these settings when providing Apnea Backup ventilation. The
TBird Ventilator Series can provide Apnea Backup ventilation in Volume Control, Pressure Control or Volume Assured
Pressure Support (VAPS), depending on the current settings. Refer to Chapter 5, for more information.
WARNING
Lower air density at higher altitudes will effect tidal volume delivery and exhaled tidal volume measurements.
Please refer to Chapter 6, Special Functions, for details on how to compensate for higher altitudes.
Note
When operating in CPAP mode, certain controls must be set to clinically appropriate levels, even though they are dimmed and
inactive. If the patient becomes apneic, the ventilator will use these settings to provide Apnea Backup ventilation. The TBird
Ventilator Series can provide Apnea Backup ventilation in Volume Control, Pressure Control or Volume Assured Pressure
Support (VAPS), depending on the current settings. Refer to Chapter 5, Unpacking, Setup and Operating Procedures, for more
information.
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In a VAPS breath, the Peak Flow Control sets the minimum flow generated and determines the
exhalation criteria. It also sets the flow at which VAPS breaths guarantee the set minimum Tidal
Volume.
The flow rate can be set between 10 and 140 L/min. The new flow rate takes effect on the next machine
or assist inspiration.
The inspiratory flow is delivered in either a square or decelerating waveform and is measured in liters
per minute (L/min) delivered at Body Temperature Pressure Dry (BTPD).
Note
The ventilator can deliver up to 180 lpm for patient breaths (spontaneous and pressure support).
Sensitivity Control
Sets the threshold below baseline flow at which the patient can flow trigger a breath between 1 and 20
lpm or OFF. New settings take effect immediately.
Breaths can be flow triggered any time during the exhalation phase following the minimum exhalation
time. When the patient begins to inhale, flow is diverted from the bias flow into the patients lungs. If the
rate of this patient flow exceeds the Sensitivity setting, the ventilator triggers a breath. The lower the
Sensitivity level, the lower the patient effort required to trigger the breath.
If Sensitivity is set to a value, the patient is allowed to flow trigger breaths. If Sensitivity is turned OFF,
the ventilator provides a pure Control Mode Ventilation (CMV), prohibiting the patient from triggering
breaths.
WARNING
Make sure the Sensitivity is set to an appropriate value (1- 20 L/min). If set to OFF, the patient will be unable to
trigger breaths.
PEEP/CPAP Control
Sets the PEEP/CPAP pressure level between 0 and 30 cmH2O. New settings take effect immediately.
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When the patient initiates a breath, the ventilator raises the inspiratory flow to meet the patients
demands until the target pressure level is reached. The ventilator then maintains the patient breathing
circuit pressure at the target pressure, allowing flow to decrease as pressure equalizes between the
circuit and the patients lungs. When flow drops to the set percentage of that breaths peak inspiratory
flow, the ventilator cycles into the exhalation phase. The clinician determines this value and sets it in
the Special Functions (see Chapter 6), Vent Setup, Termination Sensitivity (TERMSENS).
If the inspiratory flow is unable to drop to the established percentage of peak flow (e.g., as a result of a
leak), within the set inspiratory time (Variable Time Termination) or two breath periods, whichever
occurs first, the ventilator terminates inspiration. When a breath is terminated because of time rather
than flow, the Pressure Support control flashes.
WARNING
Delivered percentage oxygen may be higher than set at elevations above 5,000 feet.
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set a Flow Termination threshold for Pressure Control. The clinician determines this value and sets it in
the Special Functions (see Chapter 6), Vent Setup, Flow Termination (FLOWTERM). If this value is
set, the breath will terminate when either the set Inspiratory Time or the set FLOWTERM is reached,
whichever occurs first. When a breath is terminated because of flow rather than time, the Pressure
Control setting flashes.
For VAPS breaths, this control sets the inspiratory pressure above baseline (PEEP) for the pressure
supported portion of the breath.
AC Indicator
This indicator remains on as long as sufficient AC power is present. It turns off if AC power fails or falls
below acceptable limits. If this occurs, the ventilator automatically switches to battery power and
generates a BATTERY ON alert.
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The time remaining on the battery depends on the current front panel settings and the patients
demands. Table 2-4 shows typical times expected for normal and heavy demands.
Table 2-4 Internal & External Battery Typical Operating Times
Normal Load
Heavy Load
Green
Yellow
Red
40 mins
14 mins
10 mins
7 mins
5 mins
4 mins
Normal Load
Heavy Load
Green
Yellow
3.5 hours
1.5 hours
55 mins
20 mins
Settings
Normal Load
Heavy Load
Tidal Volume
Breath rate
Peak Flow
Sensitivity
PEEP
Lung Compliance
Lung Resistance
500 ml
12 bpm
40 lpm
2 lpm
5 cmH2o
50 ml/cmH2O
6 cmH2O/l/sec
1500 ml
30 bpm
140 lpm
2 lpm
30 cmH2O
17.5 ml/cmH2O
3 cmH2O/L/sec
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If red, a battery fault exists. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
If the external battery is fully charged or not present and the internal battery is depleted, the
charge time for the internal battery is approximately six (6) hours.
If both the internal and external batteries are depleted, the charge time for the internal battery
is approximately seven (7) hours.
External battery:
If the internal battery is fully charged and the external battery is depleted, the charge time for
the external battery is approximately seventeen (17) hours.
If both the internal and external batteries are depleted, the charge time for the external battery
is approximately twenty-four (24) hours.
The inspiratory time is increased by 50% (not to exceed a maximum of 5.5 seconds). If the
Tidal Volume cannot be delivered in 5.5 seconds, the maximum possible Tidal Volume is
delivered for the current flow setting.
The preset high pressure alarm limit is increased by 50% (not to exceed a maximum of 120
cmH2O).
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is displayed where Palvd is the alveolar distending pressure and Cst is static compliance.
The green LED now turns off and normal ventilator operation is resumed. The maneuver fails if the
Inspiratory Hold button is released too soon or a stable plateau could not be obtained. To clear the
display from the monitor window, press the Monitor Select Button.
Note
The HIGH PRES alarm will automatically cancel the Inspiratory Hold maneuver.
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where nn is the real time airway pressure, mm is the ending exhalation pressure and pp is the
measured AutoPEEP.
AutoPEEP characterizes the patients end expiratory alveolar pressure. This value is continuously
updated until six (6) seconds has elapsed or the button is released. At the end of the maneuver,
AutoPEEP is calculated as the difference between Pex and Paw.
Normal ventilation resumes at the end of the maneuver.
Note
The HIGH PRES alarm will automatically cancel the Expiratory Hold maneuver.
Continue to hold the button until the dashes are replaced by values.
The ventilator computes MIP by measuring the difference between the airway circuit pressure at the
start of the maneuver and the maximum negative pressure achieved during the maneuver. When you
press and hold the button, the ventilator locks out all front panel controls, displays the labels, and waits
for the exhalation flow to end. Once this occurs, the inspiratory and exhalation flows are blocked and
the circuit pressure is displayed next to Pstart. The ventilator then displays the current airway pressure
next to Paw Each time a new maximum negative pressure is detected, the MIP value is updated with
the computed difference between Paw and Pstart. This value is continuously updated until you release
the button, or 30 seconds have elapsed. Once the MIP period ends, the highest value is retained as the
MIP and ventilator returns to normal operation.
Note
The HIGH PRES alarm will automatically cancel the MIP/NIF maneuver.
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Flow Cal.
This button allows you to override the automatic flow cal program and perform a manual flow
calibration. It will turn on the automatic flow cal program after a manual flow calibration has been
performed.
When the ventilator is turned ON, the Flow Cal. LED will flash while the software is establishing the flow
calibration. Once this is reached the LED will be illuminated continuously. Flow calibration determines
the bias flow exiting the Exhalation Valve Flow transducer which may differ from the set bias flow. If the
LED continues to flash, the ventilator is unable to establish the calibration and the clinician can perform
a manual flow calibration.
To perform a manual flow calibration, press and hold the Flow Cal button during the exhalation phase of
a breath. The following message appears:
FC nn.n
Where nn.n is the current volume of gases moving through the exhalation valve sensor. Continue to
hold the button until the flow calibration value nn.n stabilizes within 3 L/min of the set bias flow. The
display will appear as:
FC nn.n OK
Note
Although the system continues to ventilate without an established flow cal value, indicated by the flashing LED, the accuracy of
the exhaled tidal volume and minute volume measurements and the sensitivity may be reduced.
Exhalation valve
Connector for exhalation valve body and tubing from patient.
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1.
Attach a Bird test lung (P/N 04845 or equivalent) to the patient breathing circuit
2.
3.
Set the Tidal Volume and Peak Flow to achieve at least 100 cmH2O as displayed on the
manometer
4.
Monitor PIP
5.
Adjust the valve until the pressure shown on the manometer reaches the desired pressure.
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6.
Lower the High Pressure Limit Control to 5-15 cmH2O (or to the value dictated by hospital
protocol) below the Over Pressure Relief setting.
This control must be set 5-15 cmH2O above the high-pressure limit
WARNING
Make sure the high-pressure alarm limit is not set above the Over Pressure Relief setting. Otherwise, a HIGH
PRES alarm will not occur and the patient may be subjected to sustained high pressures.
Rear Panel
Power Switch
Switches the ventilator between STANDBY and ON. Press the upper half of the switch to turn the
ventilator ON. Press the lower half of the switch to return the ventilator to STANDBY.
When ON, the ventilator will operate on AC, internal battery, or optional external battery power,
depending on the power source available.
When in STANDBY position and plugged into an AC power source, the ventilator charges the internal
battery and optional external batteries.
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Fuses
Oxygen Inlet Port, Low Flow (Legacy, VS)
Allows entrainment of oxygen into the gas flow. Low flow oxygen (up to 80 lpm) can be attached from
an oxygen concentrator or regulated oxygen source.
Two (2) DISS high pressure connectors for oxygen. High pressure oxygen (40 to 60 psi) sources can
be attached.
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These parameters are displayed singularly on the TBird VS, VSO2 and Legacy models and in sets of
two or three on the TBird AVS models. As each set of parameters is monitored, the values appear in
the monitor window. If autoscanning is turned on, the system automatically advances through the
parameters, displaying each set for approximately four seconds. You can hold the scan at a particular
set of parameters by pressing the Monitor Select button.
If autoscanning is turned off, you can manually advance through the list by pressing the Monitor Select
button. The selected parameters will be displayed until you press the Monitor Select button again to
advance to the next parameter.
To enable or disable autoscanning, use the Autoscan function described in Chapter 6, Special
Functions.
When autoscan is enabled, a rising arrow ( ^ ) appears in the far right of the monitor window.
Table 3-1 describes each of the monitored parameters and shows the range of values displayed.
Table 3-1 Monitored Parameters
Monitored Parameter
Breath rate
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Display
Range
Description
0 to 250 bpm
I:E Ratio
I:E
99:1 to 1:99
Minute Volume
VE
0 to 99.9 L/min
sVE
0 to 99.9 L/min
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Monitored Parameter
Display
Range
Description
minute for spontaneous breaths only.
mVE
0 to 99.9 L/min
PIP
0 to 140 cmH2O
MAP
0 to 99 cmH2O
Inspiratory time
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Ti
PEEP
0 to 99 cmH2O
mVte
0 - 4,000 ml
sVte
0 - 4,000 ml
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Definitions
Alarms
When the ventilator detects an operating condition that requires your immediate attention, it activates
the audible alarm, flashes a message in the alarm window, and flashes any dedicated indicators or
controls associated with the alarm. The audible and visual components of the alarm remain active for
as long as the condition causing the alarm exists. Once the condition no longer exists, the audible
component automatically clears itself. The visual component may or may not be automatically cleared,
depending on the nature of the alarm. If the visual component is not automatically reset, press the
Alarm Silence/Reset button. To clear the audible portion of an alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset
button.
The volume of the audible alarm can be physically adjusted using the alarm volume control on the back
panel.
Alerts
When the ventilator detects an operating condition that needs to be addressed, it flashes an alert
message in the monitor window to signal you to the condition. After addressing an alert, press the
Alarm Silence/Reset button to clear the alert.
Alarms
APNEA Alarm
Cause
The elapsed time between inspiratory starts has exceeded the current apnea interval. The elapsed time
is measured from the start of one inspiration to the start of the next, regardless of breath type (machine,
assist, or patient).
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
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Displays APNEA xx BPM in the alarm window, where xx is the apnea ventilation breath rate.
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Resets the breath rate to 12 bpm if the set rate is less than 12 bpm.
Highlights the controls used for breaths given during Apnea Backup ventilation.
Note
You cannot switch modes when the ventilator is providing Apnea Backup ventilation.
Corrective Action
The audible portion of this alarm clears itself automatically whenever two successive breaths are
initiated by the patient. To clear the visual portion, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button.
To manually silence and reset the alarm, and cancel Apnea Backup ventilation, press the Alarm
Silence/Reset button twice.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Illuminates the Ext. Bat power indicator, if the optional external battery is present.
Illuminates the Int Bat power indicator, if the optional external battery is not present.
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice.
When the ventilator is operating on battery power, the front panel lamps are turned OFF to conserve
power. They will illuminate whenever front panel activity is detected. If an alarm message is displayed
in the alarm window, the window will stay illuminated. The Airway Pressure Manometer remains
illuminated at all times.
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Performs a self-start.
During the self-start, the ventilator runs the Power-On Self Tests (POST). If the POST detects a
problem that could interfere with the continued safe operation of the ventilator, it generates a vent inop
condition. Otherwise, the ventilator resumes operation at the previous settings.
Corrective Action
Press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice to clear the audible and visual alarm.
Note
Although the ventilator continues to operate normally when this alarm is present, contact your Bird Certified Service
Technician.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
When this condition occurs, the ventilator stops flow and opens the exhalation valve.
Corrective Action
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when the problem is corrected. The visual portion of the
alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm Silence/Reset button.
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Control
Altitude Compensation
APNEA Interval
Assist Control
Bias Flow
Breath Rate
Control Lock
CPAP
High Pressure
Inspiratory Pause
Inspiratory Time
Language
Low Minute Volume Alarm
Peak Flow
Default
Control
500 ft
20 sec
ON
10 L/min
12 bpm
Enabled
OFF
30 cmH2O
OFF
0.3
English
0.1
35 L/min
PEEP/CPAP
Pressure Control
Pressure Support
Remote Alarm
Sensitivity
Sigh
SIMV
Square Waveform
Termination Sensitivity
Tidal Volume
VAPS
Variable Time Termination
Flow Termination
Default
0 cmH2O
OFF
OFF
OFF
2 lpm
OFF
OFF
OFF
25%
500 ml
OFF
3.0 sec
OFF
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice and set the front panel controls to the
desired settings.
Note
If this alarm occurs frequently, contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice.
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when you plug the ventilator into an AC source. The visual
portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm Silence/Reset button.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
Press the Alarm/Silence Reset button twice to clear the audible and visual alarm
Remove the ventilator from service as soon as possible and contact your Bird Certified Service
Technician.
Ventilator Response
When total breath rate exceeds the alarm setting the ventilator:
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Operators Manual
Corrective Action
This alarm stays in effect until the total breath rate falls below the High Breath Rate alarm setting.
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when the total breath rate falls below the High Breath
Rate alarm setting. The visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm
Silence/Reset Button.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
The audible alarm resets itself when the inlet pressure falls back into range.
To manually clear the alarm:
Adjust the oxygen inlet pressure to between 40 60 PSIG (2.8 4.2 bar).
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, correct the condition causing the alarm and press the Alarm Silence/Reset button
twice.
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when the PEEP returns to within 15 cmH2O of PEEP. The
visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm Silence/Reset button.
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
By immediately cycling into the expiratory phase, the ventilator allows the pressure in the patient
breathing circuit to return to the baseline pressure. It also allows the exhalation valve to regulate the
pressure at the currently set PEEP level.
Corrective Action
The audible alarm automatically clears itself if patient breathing circuit pressure falls to within 5 cmH2O
of PEEP. The visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm Silence/Reset
button.
If the patient breathing circuit pressure does not fall back to PEEP + 5 cmH2O within three (3) seconds
after entering the exhalation phase, the ventilator stops the flow, and the exhalation valve opens. Flow
restarts when PEEP + 5 cmH2O is reached.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice.
Ensure that the fan filter is free from obstruction. If the alarm reoccurs, this indicates that there is an
internal hardware fault. Remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service
Technician.
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Ventilator Response
This alarm occurs when battery power drops to medium power. The ventilator:
Turns the Int Bat Power Source indicator from green to yellow.
The alarm can be cleared by pressing the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice.
This alarm occurs again when battery power drops to low power. The ventilator:
Turns the Int Bat Power Source indicator from yellow to red.
This alarm cannot be cleared unless you plug the ventilator into an AC source or connect the external
battery.
Corrective Action
Find another power source.
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when you attach an external battery or plug the ventilator
into an AC source. The visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the Alarm
Silence/Reset button.
Ventilator Response
If the pressure becomes too low, the ventilator:
Corrective Action
The audible portion of the alarm resets itself when the inlet pressure comes back into range.
Reconnect the ventilator to a known good oxygen source.
Adjust the oxygen inlet pressure to 40 60 PSIG (2.8 4.2 bar).
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
The audible alarm automatically clears itself when a subsequent machine or assist breath exceeds the
currently set Low Pressure Limit. The visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the
Alarm Silence/Reset button.
Note
This alarm is disabled in CPAP mode and during spontaneous and Pressure Support breaths. The alarm is enabled in CPAP
mode when a manual or sigh breath is delivered.
Ventilator Response
When the calculated value falls below the front panel setting, the ventilator:
Corrective Action
Check the humidifier assembly and patient circuit for leaks.
The alarm stays in effect until the patients exhaled minute volume exceeds the Low Minute Volume
alarm setting.
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The audible alarm automatically clears itself when the patients exhaled minute volume exceeds the
Low Minute Volume alarm setting. The visual portion of the alarm remains in effect until you press the
Alarm Silence/Reset button.
If the alarm activates continuously, consult the ordering physician to evaluate the alarm and ventilator
settings.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
To clear the alarm, press the Alarm Silence/Reset button twice.
If this does not clear alarm, replace the exhalation valve body and reseat the diaphragm. Perform a
manual flow cal and press the Alarm Silence/Reset to clear the alarm.
WARNING
Although the system will continue to ventilate with a XDCR FAULT alarm, the accuracy of the tidal volume, minute
volume and pressure measurements may be reduced. Remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird
Certified Service Technician.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Ceases operation.
Returns to a safe state so the patient can breathe spontaneously from room air.
Corrective Action
Provide an alternate means of ventilation for the patient. Turn the power switch to the STANDBY
position and press the Alarm Silence/Reset button to silence the audible alarm. Then remove the
ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service technician.
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Note
A Vent Inop alarm occurs normally when the ventilator is placed in the STANDBY position.
Alerts
APNEA Alert
Cause
This alert occurs immediately following the POST and informs the user as to the current Apnea Interval
setting. To adjust the Apnea Interval, see Apnea Setting in Chapter 6, Special Functions.
Ventilator Response
Informational only. This is normal in the power-up procedure.
Corrective Action
To clear the alert, press the Monitor Select button.
BIAS Alert
Cause
This alert occurs following the Power On Self Tests (POST) and informs the user of the current Bias
Flow setting. To adjust the Bias flow, see Bias Flow in Chapter 6, Special Functions.
Ventilator Response
Informational only. This is normal in the power-up procedure.
Corrective Action
To clear the alert, press the Monitor Select button.
Ventilator Response
Informational only
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Corrective Action
When operating in CPAP mode, certain controls must be set to clinically appropriate level even though
they are dimmed and inactive. Should the patient become apneic, the ventilator uses these settings
when providing Apnea Backup ventilation. A CHECK BKUP alert will be displayed as a reminder to
verify that Apnea Backup ventilation parameters are appropriately set.
Check the following settings to ensure that they are clinically appropriate:
Tidal Volume
Inspiratory Time
Peak Flow
Inspiratory Pause
Breath Rate
VAPS
Pressure Support
Square Waveform
Pressure Control
Apnea Interval
Ventilator Response
When this alert occurs, the FILTER message appears in the monitor window.
Corrective Action
Remove and clean or replace the air intake filter (refer to Chapter 9, Cleaning and Sterilization)
Press the Monitor Select button to clear the alert.
Ventilator Response
Corrective Action
To clear the alert, press the Monitor Select button or unlock the controls.
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If Tidal Volume, Breath Rate, Peak Flow, Inspiratory Pause, and Inspiratory Time are set to
values which would cause the minimum inspiratory time to be less than 300 ms or minimum
exhalation time to be less than 250 ms, regardless if they are active or inactive.
If Tidal Volume, Breath Rate, Peak Flow, Inspiratory Pause, and Inspiratory Time are set to
values which would cause an inverse I:E ratio of greater than 4:1.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator will not allow these parameters to be exceeded and will flash the affected controls. The
ventilator displays LIMITED in the monitor window.
Corrective Action
To clear the alert, deselect the control or set the affected controls to compatible settings. If a limited
alert occurs during a ventilator parameter change, carefully review all of the new parameter settings.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
This alert remains in effect until the ventilator detects an AVS exhalation valve body.
To clear the alert, ensure that an AVS exhalation valve body is installed:
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
The message cannot be cleared and remains in the window until the problem is corrected by a Bird
Certified Service Technician. Any alert or special function messages that occur while this message is
active temporarily overwrite the message. Monitored parameters do not overwrite the message.
Corrective Action
Although the system continues to operate, remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird
Certified Service Technician.
WARNING
Although the system continues to ventilate when a NO CAL DATA alert is present, the accuracy of the volume and
pressures may be reduced. The system may generate pressures and volumes that are inconsistent with the front
panel settings. Remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
Corrective Action
None is required. This is a temporary event that occurs when a new valve body is installed. The alert
will clear automatically.
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Ventilator Response
The ventilator:
The message cannot be cleared and remains in the window until the problem is corrected by a Bird
Certified Service Technician. Any alert or special function messages that occur while this message is
active temporarily overwrite the message. Monitored parameters do not overwrite the message.
Corrective Action
Although the system continues to operate, remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird
Certified Service Technician.
WARNING
Although the system continues to ventilate when a NO CAL DATA alert is present, the accuracy of the volume and
pressures may be reduced. The system may generate pressures and volumes that are inconsistent with the front
panel settings. Remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
TermSens
Cause
This alert occurs during the course of power up. It alerts the clinician to the existing setting in Special
Functions for the Termination Sensitivity, as a % of Peak Flow, for a Pressure Supported breath.
Ventilator Response
Informational only. This is normal in the power-up procedure.
Corrective Action
Press the Monitor select button to clear.
Varitime
Cause
This alert occurs during the course of power up. It alerts the clinician to the existing value in Special
Functions for the Variable Time termination, maximum inspiratory phase for a Pressure Supported
breath.
Ventilator Response
Informational only. This is normal in the power-up procedure.
Corrective Action
Press the Monitor select button to clear.
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Remove the ventilator from its box and remove all packing materials.
2.
Inspect the ventilator for damage. Check the covers, connectors, power cord, and front panel. If
you find any damage, do not operate the ventilator. Contact the freight carrier and your local Bird
Products Customer Care representative.
3.
Check the contents of the carton against the packing slip. If any parts are missing, contact the
freight carrier and your local Bird Products Customer Care representative.
4.
Save the shipping container and packing materials for future storage or shipment.
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list of Heated Humidification devices and accessories is located in the Bird Products Hospital Price List.
L1332.
If you are not using a heated humidifier, ignore the steps that reference it. If using optional components,
refer to the installation instructions provided with those components.
To attach the patient breathing circuit, refer to Figure 5.1 and do the following:
1.
Install the exhalation valve diaphragm and exhalation valve body into the ventilator. The
exhalation valve body is properly installed when the safety release latch engages: you will hear it
click into place.
2.
Attach one end of the short circuit tubing to the patient outlet port.
3.
Attach the other end of the circuit to the main bacteria filter and connect the outflow end of the
bacteria filter to the humidifiers inlet port. Make sure the airflow through the bacteria filter is in
the proper direction. The humidifier can be attached to either side rail of the ventilator, or if you
are using a Bird Products ventilator stand, to the dovetail bracket on the stand.
4.
Connect the inspiratory leg of the patient airway circuit tubing to the outlet of the heated
humidifier.
5.
Connect the exhalation leg of the patient breathing circuit to the exhalation valve body.
6.
Connect the two water traps, the patient wye, and the remaining circuit components
7.
Relieve stress on the patient connections by using the Bird Products Circuit Support Arm.
Before using the ventilator, check the ventilators performance as described later in this chapter.
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1.
2.
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1.
Attach one end of standard I.D. oxygen tubing to the barbed fitting on the back of the
ventilator.
2.
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Figure 5.3 Attaching a Low Flow Oxygen Source (Legacy and VS).
Screw one end of an appropriate oxygen hose to the connector on the back of the ventilator.
2.
Attach the other end of the oxygen hose to a pressurized oxygen source.
3.
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CAUTION
The maximum voltage that can be applied to the Patient Assist Call modular connector is 25 volts rms or 31 volts
DC.
Connect the ventilator to the Patient Assist Call System by plugging into the Patient Assist Call jack
shown in Figure 5.5.
Patient Assist
Connection
Connect the ventilator to a valid power source (AC line or optional external battery). If you do not
connect the ventilator to an external power source it will operate on the internal battery when
turned on.
2.
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The Power ON Self-Tests (POST) run. During these tests, the alarm sounds and the front
panel lamps illuminate briefly.
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Upon successfully completing the POST, the ventilator begins operating using retained
settings or defaults.
The Flow Cal LED flashes. The LED will continue to flash until the Auto Flow Cal software
obtains a valid value or until a manual Flow Cal maneuver is performed.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button to clear the display. The current Bias Flow setting is displayed.
4.
Press the Monitor Select to clear the display. The current Termination Sensitivity setting is
displayed.
5.
Press the Monitor Select to clear the display. The current Variable Time Termination setting is
displayed.
6.
Press the Monitor Select button to clear the display. The system begins to display the
monitored parameters.
2.
Move the power switch to the STANDBY position. The audible alarm sounds and the Vent Inop
indicator begins to flash.
3.
Press the Alarm Silence/Reset button to silence the audible alarm. The Vent Inop indicator
continues to flash for several minutes. This flashing operates from an internal capacitor, not from
the battery and has no effect on battery life.
4.
While plugged into an AC source, the AC and charge indicators will remain illuminated.
When turned OFF, the ventilator is on STANDBY as long as it is plugged into an AC source. While on
STANDBY the ventilator charges the internal battery and the optional external battery, if present.
Performance Checks
Note
If any portion of the following performance check fails and you are unable to correct the problem, contact your Bird Certified
Service Technician.
L1580
1.
Plug the ventilators power cord into a properly grounded electrical outlet.
2.
3.
Exit the UVTs and attach a Test Lung to the patient breathing circuit.
4.
5.
Press the Assist/Control mode button to operate the ventilator in Assist/Control mode.
Set the ventilation controls as follows:
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Control
Tidal Volume
Peak Flow
Breath Rate
PEEP/CPAP
Sensitivity
Pressure Support
% O2
Pressure Control
Inspiratory Time
Inspiratory Pause
Sigh
Square Waveform
Bias Flow
Autoscan
Altitude
Low Minute Volume
Alarm Range
Termination Sensitivity
Variable Time
Termination
Flow Termination
6.
61
Setting
500 ml
60 L/min
12 bpm
5 cmH2O
OFF
OFF
21
OFF
0.3 sec
OFF
OFF
OFF
10
ON
500 ft.
DIS LMV OFF
25%
3.0 sec
OFF
High Pressure
Low Pressure
Low Minute Volume
High Breath Rate
Apnea Interval
Setting
Note
Refer to Chapter 6, Special Functions, for instructions on setting these controls.
7.
Note
Approximate numbers and values depend on test set-up.
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Allow the ventilator to operate for two minutes. View the monitored parameters. The values
should appear as follows:
Parameter
Minute volume
Tidal Volume
I:E Ratio
Breath Rate
PIP
MAP
PEEP
Inspiratory Time
Value
6 L + 1.2 L
500 ml + 100 ml
1:6.1 + 10%
12 bpm + 2 bpm
Should equal manometer display + 5 cmH2O
N/A
5 cmH2O + 2 cmH2O
0.68 seconds + .05 seconds
Note
The values presented in the table above are reasonable approximates. Your values may differ slightly due to variances in
testing set-up and equipment.
8.
This completes the performance check. The following Ventilator Performance Checklist may be used to
document each Performance Check for your records.
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VSO2
AVS
AVSII
Serial Number_______________
AVSIII
Hours______________
Legacy
Date_____________
Verification Steps
Verification Step
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A/C
500ml
60 L/min
12 bpm
5 cmH2O
OFF
OFF
21
OFF
0.3 sec
Inspiratory Pause
Sigh
Square Waveform
Bias Flow
Autoscan
Altitude
Low Minute Volume Alarm Range
Termination Sensitivity
Variable Time Termination
Flow Termination
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OFF
OFF
OFF
10
ON
500 ft.
DIS LMV OFF
25%
3.0 sec
OFF
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Verification Step
Setting
High Pressure
Low Pressure
4L
15 bpm
Apnea Interval
20 sec
10. After at least two minutes of operation compare the displayed readings
to the following:
Display
Reading
Minute Volume
6L +/- 1.2L
Tidal Volume
500ml +/-100ml
I:E Ratio
1:6.1 +/-10%
Breath Rate
PIP
Equal to Manometer
+/- 5
MAP
NA
PEEP
Inspiratory Time
_____________________________________________________
Procedure Complete
WARNING
Do not release the ventilator for use if it does not pass all of the verification procedures specified in this checklist.
For detailed information on performing a User Verification Test, see the appropriate Operator's Manual. Contact a
Bird Products Corporation Certified Service Technician to perform all needed service or calibration.
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Setting a Mode
Before selecting a mode, do the following:
1.
2.
3.
Set the Apnea Interval using the Special Functions described in Chapter 6.
4.
Set the Bias Flow using the Special Functions described in Chapter 6.
5.
6.
7.
Set the volume of the audible alarm (see the back panel).
8.
Control Mode
To set up the ventilator to operate in Control mode with Volume Control Breaths, do the following:
1.
2.
Set the Tidal Volume, Breath Rate and Peak Flow to the desired settings.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Set the alarm limits for High Pressure, Low Pressure, Low Min Volume and High Breath
Rate (Legacy, VSO2, AVS models) alarms
SIMV Mode
To set up the ventilator to operate in SIMV mode with Volume Control Breaths, do the following:
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1.
2.
Set the Tidal Volume, Breath Rate and Peak Flow to the desired settings.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Set the alarm limits for High Pressure, Low Pressure, Low Min Volume and High Breath
Rate (Legacy, VSO2, AVS models) alarms.
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CPAP Mode
To set up the ventilator to operate in CPAP mode, do the following:
1.
2.
Set the Tidal Volume, Breath Rate and Peak Flow for apnea ventilation.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Set the Inspiratory Pause for apnea ventilation, if desired (AVS models).
9.
Set the alarm limits for High Pressure, Low Pressure, Low Min Volume and High Breath
Rate (Legacy, VSO2, AVS models) alarms.
NOTE
In CPAP, Tidal Volume, Peak Flow, Inspiratory Pause, Breath Rate and the Low Pressure Alarm are dimmed. These controls
should be set to clinically appropriate values should Apnea occur and Volume Control Apnea Backup Ventilation is desired.
The ventilator will use these settings when delivering Apnea Backup Ventilation.
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1.
2.
3.
Set the Sensitivity to an appropriate value from 1 to 20 lpm (if Control Mode is desired, set to
OFF).
4.
5.
6.
Set % O2.
7.
8.
9.
Set the alarm limits for High Pressure, Low Pressure, Low Min Volume and High Breath
Rate (Legacy, VSO2, AVS models) alarms.
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2.
Set the Tidal Volume, Breath Rate and Peak Flow to desired settings.
3.
Set the Sensitivity to an appropriate value from 1 to 20 lpm (if control Mode is desired, set to
OFF).
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
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Tables 6-1 through 6-7 give a brief overview of each group of Special Functions.
Function
Control Lock Enable
Autoscan
BGM Interface
Bias Flow
Termination Sensitivity
Variable Time Termination
Flow Termination
Display Language
Selector
Software Versions
Hour Meter
Turbine
Altitude
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Description
Enables/disables the control lock.
Enables or disables automatic scanning of monitored parameters.
Switches ventilator interface with Bird Graphics Monitor.
Sets the bias flow from 10 to 20 L/min.
Sets the inspiratory termination point in a Pressure Support breath from 5 to 30
percent of peak flow.
Sets the maximum duration for the inspiratory phase of a Pressure Support breath
from 0.3 to 3.0 seconds.
Sets the inspiratory flow termination point in a Pressure Control breath from OFF,
5 to 30 percent of peak flow.
Selects the display language.
Shows the software version numbers.
Shows the total hours of operation.
Shows the turbine serial number.
Sets the current elevation from 1,000 feet (-305m) to 10,000 feet (3,048m).
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Function
Apnea Interval
Low Minute Volume Alarm Range
Remote Alarm Status
Description
Sets the apnea interval from 10 to 60 sec.
Enables/Disables the Low Minute Volume Alarm from accepting a range of
OFF to 99.0L.
Displays the remote alarm ID.
Function
XP Exhalation Gauge Pressure
TD Turbine Differential Pressure
XD Exhalation Differential
Pressure
XF Exhalation Flow
TF Turbine Flow
TS Turbine Speed
TT Turbine Case Temperature
OP Oxygen
IB Internal Battery
XB External Battery
FC Flow Cal
Description
Shows the real-time pressure at exhalation valve.
Shows the real-time differential pressure across the turbine.
Shows the real-time differential pressure across the exhalation flow
transducer.
Shows the real-time exhalation flow across the exhalation flow transducer.
Shows the real-time inspiratory flow.
Shows the real-time turbine speed.
Shows the turbine case temperature.
Shows the oxygen inlet pressure.
Shows Internal Battery Voltage.
Shows External Battery Voltage.
Shows the current Flow Cal valve.
Function
XP Exhalation Gauge Pressure
TD Turbine Differential Pressure
Autozero
XD Exhalation Differential
Pressure Autozero
Description
Autozeroes the exhalation pressure transducer. (N/A on Legacy)
Autozeroes the turbine differential pressure transducer.
Autozeroes the exhalation differential pressure transducer.
Function
Events Codes Group
Description
Lists the most recent 256 event codes.
Function
User Verification Tests
Description
Cannot be accessed through the Special Functions. See Chapter 7, User
Verification Tests.
Function
Service Verification Tests
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Description
Cannot be accessed through the Special Functions. See the TBird
Ventilator Series Service Manual (L1314).
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Press and hold the control knob until VENT SETUP appears in the monitor window
(approximately two seconds).
2.
Release the control knob. Turning the control knob clockwise will display the Special Functions
in the following order:
VENT SETUP
ALARM SET UP
TRANSDUCER DATA
TRANSDUCER TESTS
EVENT CODES
UVT OFF
SVT OFF
Note
The User Verification Tests (UVT) and Service Verification Tests (SVT) appear after Event Codes but are set to OFF because
they cannot be selected while the ventilator is being used in treatment. See Chapter 7, User Verification Tests, for more
information on the UVTs. The SVTs are reserved for use by Bird Certified Service Technicians.
When working with the Special Functions, you can back out of the functions by pressing the control
knob. (The control knob acts like the escape key on a computer.)
2.
Press the Monitor Select button. Since LOCKS is the first function in this group, the current lock
setting appears:
LOCKS: ON
or
LOCKS: OFF
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3.
4.
Press the control knob to accept this setting and to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Autoscan
Turns the monitored parameters autoscan feature ON (enabled) or OFF (disabled).
After accessing the Special Functions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Press the control knob to accept this setting and to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
2.
3.
Turn the control knob until the BGM MECH setting appears:
BGM MECH ON
or
BGM MECH OFF
4.
5.
Press the control knob to accept these setting and to exit the function and return to VENT
SETUP.
Note
Because the ventilator retains setting between applications, always check the Bias Flow before applying the ventilator to a new
patient to make sure the Bias Flow is set appropriately.
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Press the Monitor Select button. The current bias flow setting appears:
BIAS xx LPM
Where xx is the current bias flow setting.
5.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (10 to 20 L/min).
6.
Press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. BIAS reappears in the window, without
showing the new setting.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the bias setting reverts to the previous setting.
7.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Termination Sensitivity
Sets the inspiratory termination point in a Pressure Support breath from 5 to 30 percent of the peak
flow.
Note
Because the ventilator retains setting between applications, always check the Termination Sensitivity before applying the
ventilator to a new patient to make sure the Termination Sensitivity is appropriate.
2.
3.
4.
Press the Monitor Select button. The current value for the termination point as a percent of
peak flow appears:
TERMSENS XX %
Where XX % is the current termination point as a percent of peak flow
5.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (5% to 30%, in increments of 5%).
6.
Press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. TERMSENS reappears in the window,
without the new setting.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the Termination Sensitivity reverts to the previous
setting.
7.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
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Note
Because the ventilator retains setting between applications, always check the Variable Time Termination before applying the
ventilator to a new patient to make sure the Variable Time Termination setting is appropriate.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Press the Monitor Select button. The displayed value represents the maximum duration of the
Inspiratory Phase.
VARITIME XX
Where XX is the maximum duration of the Inspiratory Phase.
6.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (0.3 to 3.0 seconds, in increments of 0.1).
7.
Press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. VARITIME reappears in the window,
without the new setting.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the Variable Time Termination reverts to the
previous setting.
8.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Flow Termination
Sets the inspiratory termination point in a Pressure Control breath from OFF to 5 to 30 percent of the
peak flow.
Note
Because the ventilator retains setting between applications, always check the Flow Termination before applying the ventilator
to a new patient to make sure the Flow Termination is appropriate.
2.
3.
4.
Press the Monitor Select button. The current value for the termination point as a percent of
peak flow appears:
FLOWTERM XX %
Where XX % is the current termination point as a percent of peak flow
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5.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (OFF, 5% to 30%, in increments of 5%).
6.
Press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. FLOWTERM reappears in the window,
without the new setting.
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Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the Flow Termination reverts to the previous
setting.
7.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the language reverts to the previous setting.
7.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Software Version
Allows you to view the version number of the following installed software and firmware:
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1.
2.
3.
4.
Press the Monitor Select button. The MSP version number appears:
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MSP x.xx
where x.xx is the installed software version number.
5.
Turn the control knob to display the remaining software version numbers.
6.
Press the control knob twice to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Hour Meter
Allows you to view the number of hours the ventilator has been in operation (has been turned on).
Standby hours are not counted.
After accessing the Special Functions:
1.
2.
3.
Turn the control knob until the hour meter reading appears.
HOURS xxx
Where xxx represents the number of hours the ventilator has been in operation.
4.
Press the control knob to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Turbine
Shows the turbine serial number. This number is used in servicing the ventilator.
After accessing the Special Functions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Press the Monitor Select button to display the turbine serial number.
5.
Press the control knob twice to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
Altitude Compensation
For proper functioning of the TBird volume monitoring system, it is necessary to set the correct
elevation. The default setting is 500 feet and should be changed to the operating elevation. The altitude
should be set when the ventilator is initially set up and when there is a change in altitude. The
operating elevation for the ventilator can be set between 1,000 and 10,000 feet or 305 to 3,048
meters.
WARNING
Lower air density at higher altitudes will effect tidal volume delivery and exhaled tidal volume measurements.
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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6.
7.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (-1,000 to 10,000 ft or 305 m to 3,048 m).
8.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the altitude reverts to the previous setting.
9.
Press the control knob two times to exit the function and return to VENT SETUP.
This table defines the variances that may occur in delivered and monitored Tidal Volumes, when the
system is operating in a high altitude environment and the altitude compensation has not been set.
Percentage adjustments in the following table are approximate values.
Ventilators are calibrated at 500 ft. above sea level (Palm Springs, California).
Table F-1 Tidal Volume Altitudes Variables
Altitude
Set Vt to
Delivered Vt
Delivered Vt to
Monitored Exhaled Vt
Set Vt to
Monitored Exhaled Vt
500 ft.
1,550 ft.
-3.0%
-2.5%
-5.5%
2,500 ft.
-6.0%
-5.0%
-11.0%
3,500 ft.
-9.0%
-7.5%
-16.5%
4,500 ft.
-12.0%
-10.0%
-22.0%
5,500 ft.
-15.0%
-12.5%
-27.5%
Example:
Home @ 3,500 ft. above sea level, Vt set @ 800 ml:
Delivered Vt = 800 ml 9.0% = 728ml
Measured Exhaled Vt = 728ml 7.5% = 673ml
Apnea Interval
Sets the Apnea Interval the length of time between two consecutive inspirations that, when elapsed,
triggers an Apnea alarm. Setting the Apnea Interval tells the ventilator how much time to allow between
successive breaths before generating an Apnea alarm. The interval is measured from the start of one
breath to the start of the next. If an inspiration is not initiated during this interval, the ventilator
automatically switches to Apnea Backup Ventilation.
The ventilator continues to provide Apnea Backup Ventilation until the patient initiates two successive
breaths. Apnea Backup Ventilation is then terminated and the ventilator reverts to its previous mode of
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ventilation. Apnea Backup Ventilation can also be canceled by pressing the Alarm Silence/Reset
button twice.
Note
Because the ventilator retains settings between applications, always check the Apnea Interval before applying the ventilator to
a new patient to make sure the Apnea Interval is set appropriately.
2.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button again. The current apnea setting appears.
xx sec APNEA
where xx is the currently set Apnea Interval.
4.
Turn the control knob to display the desired setting (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 60 seconds.
5.
Press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. APNEA reappears in the window without
showing the new setting.
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button to accept the setting. Otherwise the Apnea Interval reverts to the previous setting.
6.
2.
3.
Turn the control knob until ENAB LMV OFF or DIS LMV OFF appears.
4.
or
DIS LMV OFF
5.
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2.
3.
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Press the Monitor Select button. The current remote alarm ID and status (ON/OFF) appears.
RA xx N OFF
or
RA xx N ON
Where xx is the remote alarms station ID, N is the ventilator address and OFF or ON tells you
whether the ventilator is transmitting or not.
This message appears even if the optional remote alarm transmitter is not installed.
5.
2.
Press the Monitor Select button. The first transducer reading appears:
XP xx.x
where XP identifies the transducer and xx.x is the reading.
3.
4.
Turn the control knob to view the real-time readings of the other transducers in the group. The
transducer readings appear in the following order:
XP
cmH2O
TD
cmH2O
XD
cmH2O
XF
L/min
Exhalation Flow
TF
L/min
Turbine Flow
TS
rpm
Turbine Speed
TT
OP
PSIG
IB
volts
XB
volts
FC
L/min
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2.
Press the Monitor Select button. The exhalation pressure test appears:
XP xxx PASS
or
XP xxx FAIL
3.
Where XP identifies the test and xxx is a reference number used by the service technician, and
PASS or FAIL shows the results of the previous test.
4.
Press the Monitor Select button, if desired, to perform a manual autozero function. The autozero
will be performed on the next breath. The status of the test (pass or fail) is cleared until the test
ends. If the test fails, remove the ventilator from service and contact your Bird Certified Service
Technician.
5.
Turn the control knob to view the exhalation differential pressure transducer and turbine
differential pressure transducer tests.
6.
7.
Press the control knob to exit the test and return to XDCR TESTS.
2.
Press the Monitor Select button. The most recent event code appears:
nnn: xxx
where nnn is the sequential order in which the event occurred and xxx is the event code.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button again to display the hour meter reading when the event
occurred:
nnn: xxxxxh
where xxxxh is the hour meter reading.
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4.
5.
Turn the control knob counterclockwise to view earlier event codes or clockwise to view later
events.
6.
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Lamp test.
Switch test.
Filter test.
Leak test.
Table 7-1 shows the tests included in the UVTs and the order in which they are run. Each test is
described in detail in the remaining sections of this chapter. If any test fails, refer to Chapter 8, Basic
Troubleshooting. To rerun a test, use the control knob to dial to the test and run the test as described in
this chapter. To exit the UVT, select EXIT. When you exit the UVTs, the system begins normal
operation.
Table 7-1
UVT
Audible alarm Test
Lamp Test
Switch Test
Filter Test
Leak Test
Exit
Description
Allows you to check the audible alarm
Allows you to check the front panel LEDs to make sure they are working properly
Allows you to check the front panel controls to make sure they are working properly.
Displays the name of each control as it is activated.
Allow you to check the differential pressure across the turbines inlet filter. PASS or
FAIL result shown.
Allows you to test the patient breathing circuit for leakage.
Exits UVTs.
After disconnecting the patient, turn the ventilator OFF (i.e., STANDBY).
2.
3.
While holding the Monitor Select button, turn the ventilator ON. Continue to hold the button until
the ventilator completes the Power On Self Tests (POST).
4.
Release the Monitor Select button when the following message appears in the monitor window:
UVT ON
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Press the Monitor Select button again. The following message appears:
REMOVE PT
This is a reminder to remove the patient from the ventilator prior to accessing the UVTs if you
have not already done so.
6.
Press the Monitor Select button again to clear the message and display the UVTs.
Alarm
Run this test to check the audible alarm.
1.
Press the Monitor Select button to start the test. The audible alarm sounds.
2.
Press the Monitor Select button again to silence the audible alarm, exit the test, and advance to
the next test.
Lamp
Run this test to check the front lamps to make sure they are functioning properly.
1.
Press the Monitor Select button to start the test. The ventilator illuminates all displays,
windows, and green LEDs.
2.
Press the Monitor Select button again to illuminate the displays, windows, and red LEDs.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button again to exit the test and advance to the next test.
4.
The AC, ON, Ext Bat Charge Status, Int. Bat Charge Status, and Vent Inop LEDs are not
affected by this test.
Switch
Run this test to check the front panel controls to make sure they are working properly.
1.
Press the Monitor Select button. The word SELECT appears in the monitor window.
If you would like to access the Special Functions described in Chapter 6, you may do so at this point. Just turn the control knob until VENT SETUP
appears, then refer to Chapter 6, Special Functions.
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2.
Activate any front panel control. Watch for the name of the control to appear in the monitor
window. Table 7-2 lists, in alphabetical order, the label displayed when you activate the
corresponding control.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button to exit the test and advance to the next test.
Switch
Label
Switch
SILENCE
ASSIST/CTRL
BREATH RATE
DIAL RIGHT
DIAL LEFT
CONTROL LOCK
CPAP
EXP HOLD
FLOW CAL
HIGH BREATH
HIGH PRES
INSP HOLD
IPAUSE
INSP TIME
LOW MIN VOL
LOW PRES
MANUAL BRTH
MIP/NIF button
Monitor Select button
Peak Flow control
PEEP/CPAP control
Pressure Control
Pressure Support
Remote Alarm button *
Sensitivity control
Sigh Breath button
SIMV Mode Select button
Spare button or control
Square Waveform button
Tidal Volume control
VAPS button
100% O2 3 Min button
% O2 control
Label
MIP NIF
SELECT
PEAK FLOW
PEEP
PRES CONTROL
PRES SUPPORT
REMOTE ALARM
SENSITIVITY
SIGH
SIMV
SPARE
SQUARE WAVE
TIDAL VOLUME
VAPS
100% O2
FIO2
* If the Remote Alarm option is not installed, pressing this button will display SPARE
Note
Be sure to press the Monitor Select button; otherwise the test will not start.
Filter
Run this test to check the differential pressure across the turbine inlet filter. A high differential pressure
may indicate a dirty or occluded filter. This test cannot be run until the ventilator has been ON for 60
seconds.
1.
Press the Monitor Select button. The turbine accelerates flow to 140 lpm and checks the
differential pressure to make sure it is within range. At the end of the test, the ventilator displays
a pass or fail message. If the test passes, the following message appears:
FILTER x.x
where x.x is the average turbine differential pressure and P indicates the test passed.
If the test fails, the following message appears:
FILTER x.x
where x.x is the average turbine differential pressure and F indicates the test failed:
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2.
If the test fails, clean or replace the air filter (see Chapter 9, Cleaning and Sterilization) and run
the test again. If the test fails again, contact a Bird Certified Service Technician.
3.
Press the Monitor Select button to exit the test and advance to the next test.
Leak
Note
This test should be performed with all circuit accessories installed (e.g., humidifier, water traps, and so on.) Make sure al
connections are secure and all openings occluded before beginning the test.
Run this test to make sure the patient breathing circuit is not leaking.
1.
2.
Press the Monitor Select button to run the test. The test begins by increasing the pressure in
the patient breathing circuit to 60 cmH2O. The ventilator then measures the pressure and
displays it as follows:
XP
xx.x
The ventilator then waits eight seconds and measures the circuit pressure again. If the
difference between the starting and ending measurements is less than or equal to 6 cmH2O, the
test passes and the ventilator displays the following message:
XP
xx.x
PASS
Otherwise, if the difference is more than 6 cmH2O, the test fails and the ventilator displays the
following message:
XP
xx.x
FAIL
Press the Monitor Select button to exit the test and advance to the EXIT selection.
Exit
To exit the UVTs and begin normal ventilator operation, press the Monitor Select button until EXIT
appears in the monitor window, otherwise turn the control knob to rerun any of the UVTs.
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A malfunction occurs.
Problem
Possible Cause
Action
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Retains the last message in the monitor window so you can identify the test that failed.
Records both the Vent Inop and the hour meter reading for later reference.
If a Vent Inop occurs, turn the ventilator OFF, unplug it, and contact your Bird Certified Service
Technician.
If a UVT Fails
Table 8-2 lists suggested corrective actions if a User Verification Test fails.
Table 8-2 UVT Troubleshooting
UVT
ALARM
Problem
1. Audible alarm too loud or too low.
2. No alarm
Corrective Action
1. Adjust the alarm Volume Control located on the
back panel.
2. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
LAMP
SWITCH
FILTER
LEAK
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Chapter 8 Troubleshooting
If a Malfunction Occurs
Table 8-3 lists suggested corrective actions for various malfunctions that might occur. In all cases,
make sure the ventilator is set up properly and the exhalation valve body, exhalation valve diaphragm,
and patient breathing circuit are properly assembled and undamaged.
Table 8-3 Basic Troubleshooting
Problem
Monitored exhaled
tidal volumes are
low.
Corrective Action
1. Check the patient breathing circuit connections. Make sure all inline circuit components are securely connected,
2. Check the passages in the exhalation valve body to make sure they are not occluded.
3. Ensure that the altitude compensation value corresponds with the current elevation. See Special Functions,
Chapter 6.
4. Perform a Manual Flow Cal maneuver described under the Flow Cal control in Chapter 2, Controls and Displays.
Allow the monitored exhaled volumes to stabilize. Compare the monitored volumes using each Flow Cal method.
Leave the ventilator in the Manual Flow Cal mode only if a substantive improvement in monitored exhaled volume
is produced. Otherwise, return the ventilator to the Automatic Flow Cal mode by depressing the Flow Cal button.
5. Replace the exhalation valve body with a known good one.
6. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Monitored exhaled
tidal volumes are
high.
1. Check the patient breathing circuit connections. Make sure all inline circuit components are securely connected,
2. Check the passages in the exhalation valve body to make sure they are not occluded.
3. Ensure that the altitude compensation value corresponds with the current elevation. Refer to Special Functions,
Chapter 6.
4. Perform a Manual Flow Cal maneuver described under the Flow Cal control in Chapter 2, Controls and Displays.
Allow the monitored exhaled volumes to stabilize. Compare the monitored volumes using each Flow Cal method.
Leave the ventilator in the Manual Flow Cal mode only if a substantive improvement in monitored exhaled volume
is produced. Otherwise, return the ventilator to the Automatic Flow Cal mode depressing the Flow Cal button.
5. Replace the exhalation valve body with a known good one.
6. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Delivered tidal
volumes are low.
1. Check the patient breathing circuit for leaks. Be sure to check the connections of all components installed in the
circuit.
2. Check the setting of the Over Pressure Relief valve.
3. Check the exhalation valve body, diaphragm, and housing to make sure they are not damaged.
4. Ensure that the altitude compensation corresponds with the current elevation. Refer to Special Functions,
Chapter 6.
5. Contact your Bird Service Technician.
Delivered tidal
volumes are high.
1. Ensure that the altitude compensation corresponds with the current elevation. Refer to Special Functions,
Chapter 6.
2. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
Sensitivity appears
to be inaccurate or
erratic.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1. Check the patient breathing circuit connections. Make sure all inline circuit components are connected properly.
2. Check the exhalation valve diaphragm to make sure it is installed properly and free from damage.
3. Reevaluate the current Sensitivity setting.
L1580
Check the patient breathing circuit connections. Make sure all inline circuit components are connected properly.
Check the exhalation valve diaphragm to make sure it is installed properly and free from damage.
Replace the exhalation valve body with a known good one.
Perform a Manual Flow Cal maneuver described under the Flow Cal control in Chapter 2, Controls and Displays.
Carefully assess the patients effort. Compare the patient effort produced by each Flow Cal method. Leave the
ventilator in the Manual Flow Cal mode only if a substantive improvement in sensitivity is produced. Otherwise,
return the ventilator to the Automatic Flow Cal mode by depressing the Flow Cal Button.
5. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
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Problem
Corrective Action
4. Perform a Manual Flow Cal maneuver described under the Flow Cal control in Chapter 2, Controls and Displays.
Leave the ventilator in the Manual Flow Cal mode only if auto-triggering is eliminated. Otherwise, return the
ventilator to the Automatic Flow Cal mode by depressing the Flow Cal Button.
5. Replace the exhalation valve body with a known good one.
6. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician..
1. Ensure that the altitude compensation corresponds with the current elevation. Refer to Special Functions,
Chapter 6.
The ventilator is
1. Turn the ventilator ON.
inoperative and
2. Check the AC power source.
there are no audible
or visual indications 3. Check the power cord.
4. Replace or reseat the external battery, if present.
5. Contact your Bird Certified Service Technician.
FLOW SENSOR in
monitored window
parameters for VE
and Vte
(AVS Models)
NEW SENSOR in
monitored window
parameters for VE
and Vte
1. This is a temporary event that occurs when a new flow sensor is installed. This message will automatically clear
when the processing of flow sensor data is completed. If this persists more than one (1) minute, perform steps 1
and 2 from the FLOW SENSOR corrective action above.
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CAUTION
Do not sterilize the ventilator. Standard sterilization techniques may damage the ventilator.
Note
The disinfecting method described below results in a high-level of disinfection, as defined by a 1:1,000,000 reduction in
bacteria infection during laboratory testing.
CAUTION
Do not use cleaning agents that contain phenols, ammonium chloride, chloride compounds, or more than 2%
glutarealdehyde. These agents may damage the ventilators plastic components and front panel overlay.
Clean all external panels and surfaces before and after each patient use and as often as necessary to
keep it clean. Use only those cleaning materials that have been approved by your department.
CAUTION
When cleaning the ventilator:
After cleaning the ventilator, be sure to wipe off all cleaning agents to prevent residue buildup.
The exhalation valve assembly is a delicate precision assembly. Exercise care when removing, replacing, or
cleaning the assembly:
Do not insert cleaning instruments (cloth, brush, pipe cleaner, and so on) into the exhalation valve body.
Do not use a high-pressure gas nozzle to dry the exhalation valve body. High-pressure gas may damage the
differential pressure ports in the exhalation valve body.
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Press and hold the release latch on the lower left of the exhalation valve housing.
2.
Grasp the exhalation valve body, rotate it counter-clockwise until the alignment slots line up, and
then gently pull it free from the housing.
3.
Grasp the exhalation valve diaphragm by the center and remove it from the exhalation valve
body.
4.
Using a clean soft cloth and an evaporative solution (e.g., alcohol), wipe all exposed surfaces
around the exhalation valve housing. Do not allow cleaning fluid to spill into the opening in the
exhalation valve housing.
Clean the external surfaces only with a soft bristle brush using Ultra Ivory or an equivalent
detergent. Do not insert cleaning instruments (cloth, brush, pipe cleaner, and so on ) into the
exhalation valve body. Pay particular attention to crevices and hard to clean areas. Dry with a
soft cloth. After cleaning the surfaces, make sure all excess cleaning solution is completely
removed to prevent reside buildup.
2.
After cleaning the surfaces, make sure all excess cleaning solution is completely removed to
prevent reside buildup.
2.
Sterilize the exhalation valve body and diaphragm using steam autoclaving or a liquid agent.
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Note
In Homecare ventilator applications it is recommended to have at least two (2) complete circuits and exhalation valve
assemblies and clean every other day. If a pulmonary infection is present, then clean and disinfect daily.
CAUTION
The exhalation valve assembly is a delicate precision assembly. Exercise care when removing, replacing, or
cleaning the assembly:
Do not insert cleaning instruments (cloth, brush, pipe cleaner, and so on) into the exhalation valve body.
Do not use a high-pressure gas nozzle to dry the exhalation valve body. High-pressure gas may damage the
differential pressure ports in the exhalation valve body.
3.
Using a low flow gas source (less than 10 lpm) ensure the differential pressure ports are free of
moisture and debris.
4.
To avoid possible damage to elastomeric components, the peak temperature for Bird Products
accessories should not exceed 275F (135C) for steam autoclave.
5.
Ultrasonic cleaning is not recommended. Liquid sterilizing agents containing more than 2%
glutaraldehyde are also not recommended. If such agents must be used, be sure to thoroughly
rinse and dry the assembly to prevent residue buildup. Residue buildup in the differential
pressure ports can cause inaccurate pressures and volume readings.
6.
Prior to replacing the exhalation valve diaphragm, inspect it for excessive wear. If signs of
damage are found, obtain a new diaphragm.
7.
Insert the diaphragm. Hold it by the center and set it into the exhalation valve-housing
receptacle. Gently tap around the perimeter until the diaphragm is firmly seated.
8.
Line up the tabs of the exhalation valve body with the alignment slots on the exhalation valve
housing. Gently push the exhalation valve body into place and rotate it clockwise until he release
latch pops out. You will hear the exhalation valve body click into place.
9.
Gently pull on the exhalation valve body to make sure it is securely attached to the ventilator.
CAUTION
Be sure to check with the manufacturer of these chemicals and sterilizing equipment to ensure safe handling
procedures are followed.
Note
Bird recommends no more than 50 cycles cleaning/sterilization.
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Disconnect the circuit from the ventilator and exhalation valve housing.
2.
Disconnect the circuit tubing from all inline components such as a heated humidifier or bacteria
filters.
Note
If using a heated humidifier, Bird Products recommends that the heated humidifier meets ANSI Z-79.10 or equivalent standard.
CAUTION
Do not submerge bacteria filters in liquids of any kind. Instead, use a steam autoclave to sterilize the filters.
To avoid possible damage to elastomeric components, the peak temperature for Bird Products accessories should
not exceed 275F (135C) for steam autoclave.
First clean with a soft bristle brush using Ultra Ivory or an equivalent detergent. Pay particular
attention to crevices and hard to clean areas. Dry with a soft cloth. After cleaning the patient
breathing circuit, make sure all excess cleaning solution is completely removed to prevent
residue buildup.
2.
3.
Prior to reinstalling the patient breathing circuit, inspect it for excessive wear. If signs of damage
are found, obtain a new patient breathing circuit. To order a replacement for a worn or defective
patient breathing circuit, refer to Appendix A, Contact Information.
Note
In Homecare applications It is recommended to have two (2) complete circuits and exhalation valve assemblies and clean
every other day. If pulmonary infection exists, then clean and disinfect daily.
Part No.
00423
04124
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Quantity
1
1
Description
22mm I.D. Cuff Adapter
Tapered Plug, 7.5mm Male
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Note
The main flow Bacteria Filter, P/N 09534, is compatible with steam autoclave ONLY.
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2.
Hand-wash the filter using warm water and a mild, liquid detergent.
3.
Thoroughly rinse the filter in warm water to remove all traces of the cleaning solution.
4.
5.
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Use a small screwdriver or similar tool to snap out the grill from the fan inlet and remove the fan
filter.
2.
Gently pinch the fan filter and remove it from the ventilator.
3.
Hand-wash the filter using warm water and a mild, liquid detergent.
4.
Thoroughly rinse the filter in warm water to remove all traces of the cleaning solution.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Some dusty environments may require this procedure be performed on a weekly basis with daily
inspection.
CAUTION
It is not necessary to remove the four screws to remove the fan inlet filter. To do so will cause mounting hardware
to become loose within the ventilator, which may result in electrical damage.
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Technical Service
Hours:
Phone:
Fax:
Phone:
Fax:
Bird Products
1100 Bird Center Drive
Palm Springs, CA 92262-8099
U.S.A.
Phone:
(760) 778-7200
(800) 328-4139 (Not available in some international locations)
Fax:
(760) 778-7274
Ordering Information
This appendix contains part numbers and ordering information. For additional information or to place an
order, contact your local dealer, Bird Products representative or Bird Products Customer Service
Department.
Customer Service
Hours: 7:00 AM to 3:30 PM (PST) Monday through Friday
Phone: (800) 328-4139 (Not available in some international locations)
(760) 778-7200
Fax:
(760) 778-7274
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L1580
Part Number
00010
07426
10122
10128
10378
10384D
10409
10410
10417
10447
10448
10472
15435
15465
15571
20819
33754
33801
04820
15897
15905
69033
69301
69308
69340
69370
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Physical Specifications
Dimensions
System
Width:
Depth:
Height:
Docking Bay
Width:
Depth:
Height:
Ext Battery
Width:
Depth:
11 in (27.94 cm)
Height:
Weight (approximate)
System
Unpacked
Shipping
Docking Bay
Unpacked
Ext Battery
Unpacked
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Construction
Internal impact resistant frame, durable rubber exoskeleton.
Orientation
The ventilator can be oriented horizontally (feet parallel to floor) or vertically (feet perpendicular to
floor.)
Placement
The ventilator must be positioned so airflow into the back panel air intake is unobstructed. Minimum
suggested clearance for air circulation is 12 inches (30.48 cm).
Storage Requirements
The ventilator can be stored for long periods of time (more than 200 days) without any special
preparations. Prior to storing the ventilator, clean and dry it thoroughly and then enclose it in a plastic
bag to prevent dust from accumulating in the air intake or exhalation valve openings. The internal
battery does not need to be removed.
The batteries should be charged at least every two months while the ventilator is in storage
Ranges
Tolerances
Controls
Power
On/Standby
Modes
Control
Assist/Control
SIMV
CPAP
Tidal Volume
50-2000 ml
Greater of : 10 ml or 10%
Breath Rate
2-80 bpm
Peak Flow
Spontaneous
10 - 140 L/min
180 L/min max.
Sensitivity
OFF, 1- 20 L/min
PEEP/CPAP
0 - 30 cmH2O
Pressure Support
Oxygen Percent
21-100%
3% from 21 50%
5% from 51 100%
Bias Flow
10 - 20 lpm
1 lpm
Sigh
1 breath period
Manual Breath
X1
N/A
ON/OFF
N/A
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Specifications
Ventilator Parameters
Ranges
Tolerances
Inspiratory Hold
6 second max.
100% O2 3min.
+ 0%; -5%
20-130 cmH2O
10 cmH2O
+ 0.05 seconds
N/A
6 second max.
30 second max.
5-120 cmH2O
Alarms
High Pressure Alarm Limit
OFF-99.9 L
0.1-99.9 L
Apnea Interval
10-60 sec.
0.5 seconds
Low O2
35 psig
2 psig
High O2
65 psig
2 psig
Ventilator Inoperative
Red Indicator
N/A
Alarm Silence
60 sec. max.
1 second
Alarm Volume
65 - 85 dba at 1 meter
5 dBa
Green Indicator
N/A
Indicators
Patient Effort
Power Indicators
On
Green Indicator
N/A
AC
Green Indicator
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Monitors:
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Ventilator Parameters
Ranges
Tolerances
0-250 bpm
99:1 1.99
Greater of: 50 ms or 5%
0-99.9 L
0-140 cmH2O
0-99 cmH2O
0-99 cmH2O
0-4,000 ml
0.05 seconds
Pediatric
0.27 @ 60 lpm
0.29 @ 30 lpm
0.06 @ 60 lpm
0.06 @ 30 lpm
Compliance, ml/cmH2O
1.81
1.35
Internal Volume, ml
1,843
1,374
Note
All testing and calculations were based on BTPD (Body Temperature Pressure Dry) conditions.
Electrical Specifications
Input voltage Requirements
AC
Voltage:
100-240 VAC
Frequency:
47-63 Hz
Power:
200 Watts
Power Factor:
0.97
Battery
Voltage:
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Specifications
Current Rating:
3.15 Amperes
Voltage Rating:
250 Volts
Type:
103
Note
Fuse should only be changed by Bird Certified Service Technicians.
Environmental Specifications
Environmental Temperature
Operating:
+5 to 40 C
Storage/Shipping:
-20 to 60 C
Relative Humidity
Operating:
Storage/Shipping:
Sound Level
<50 dBa (rms) at one meter
Vibration:
Pneumatic Specifications
Oxygen Inlet
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Oxygen Bleed-in:
Pressurized Oxygen:
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2.
3.
To Find O2 Concentration
L1580
1.
2.
Project horizontally right to current minute volume (VE from monitor display).
3.
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Therapy Goal:
At the completion of training, the caregiver should understand and demonstrate the proper use, safety
procedures, maintenance and cleaning of the TBird Series of Ventilation Systems.
Objectives:
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Understands how to connect the patient to the ventilator via the patient breathing circuit.
Understands cleaning and proper maintenance for ventilator and breathing circuit.
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Code
L1580
Description
Information that the MSP received from the IOP is not recognized.
The IOP did not remove the data that the MSP sent to it for processing.
The MSP has waited a maximum of 50 ms for a response from the IOP.
A non-fatal error was found in MSP/IOP high-priority (servo-related) communication and the event is logged. Previous
data used to continue operation.
A non-fatal error was found in MSP/IOP low-priority communication and the event is logged. Previous data used to
continue operation.
The MSP has detected a breath phase which is not defined. This generates an event and defaults to exhalation.
The MSP has detected a mode that is not defined and generates an event.
The MSP has detected a undefined breath type that is not defined and generates an event.
A low priority, background task has failed to execute. This causes the MSP to log the event and prepare for a reset
sequence.
10
11
An undefined breath type has been requested. After the event is logged, the MSP will default to Bias Flow.
12
After POST, the turbine EEPROM is run through a checksum test every 5 minutes. If this fails this event code is
generated. If this is a recurrent problem it would indicate a problem with the Turbine EEPROM or the parameters
memory on the Main PCB. This problem should also occur during POST if there is a hardware failure involved.
13
The area of memory used for communication between software tasks did not get accessed as expected.
14
The "Task Active" message expected from a task was not found in the communication memory area. The task may
have run, but the message was not correctly processed.
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
40
The MSP has accessed an area of memory that it should not use. The code in that area causes this event to be
logged.
41
The microprocessor used for the MSP has defined hardware requirements for communication to memory devices. This
event is generated when these requirements are not met.
42
The microprocessor used for the MSP has an internal WatchDog timer that is used for high priority interrupts and
event scheduling. It also is used to insure that the IOP is running. If the IOP has quit, this event is generated.
43
Of the 256 interrupts that are contained within the MSP microprocessor, TBird Legacy uses five. There are also five
that are defined by the processor hardware and are used to generate events.
44
45
46
47
48
Not used.
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Code
L1580
Description
49
After POST, this event may be triggered by a failure of the test performed at 5 minute intervals on the MSP WatchDog.
50
After POST, this event may be triggered by a failure of the checksum performed at 5 minute intervals on MSP ROM.
51
52
53
54
55
One of the task's message queue is full. It could not accept a new message.
56
The configuration key is not present (does not apply to Legacy and Legacy O2). Install configuration memory card
used for configuration. Insure that the correct configuration card is installed.
60
61
One of the pressure transducers on the Main PCBA has failed the autozero test. Check transducer tests in UVT to
determine which one. Contact a Bird Certified Service Technician for proper calibration.
62
User has been unsuccessful in performing a transducer calibration. Contact a Bird Certified Service Technician for
proper calibration.
63
Unit could not use settings stored in RAM and has gone to Default Settings. A Configuration or Software change has
been installed. Enter desired settings.
64
Vent powered-up. This is an expected code generated when the unit is turned on.
65
The ventilator has forced a self reset of microprocessor activity. This should be proceeded by the event codes
identifying the cause of the reset. Check events will be displayed in the alarm/monitor window the next time that the
unit is powered up.
66
This would indicate that the Turbine EEPROM may have been replaced without updating the Parameters data or that
the Turbine or Parameters EEPROM has been damaged. Perform the Turbine serial number entry procedure as
described in Chapter 6, Special Functions. Ensure that the serial number on the Turbine EEPROM matches the serial
number on the Turbine label.
67
The unit has switched from AC Power to either the External Battery or the internal battery. Check to see if wall AC has
been interrupted or has fallen below acceptable levels.
68
69
200
201
202
203
204
205
The IOP has accessed an area of memory that it should not use. The code in that area causes this event to be logged.
206
The microprocessor used for the IOP has defined hardware requirements for communication to memory devices. this
event is generated when these requirements are not met.
210
There are two A to D converters associated with translating exhalation pressure When a comparison of these shows
significant difference this event code is generated.
211
There are two A to D converters associated with translating exhalation flow. When a comparison of these shows
significant difference this event code is generated.
212
There are two A to D converters associated with translating turbine pressure. When a comparison of these shows
significant difference this event code is generated.
213
There are two A to D converters associated with translating internal battery voltage. When a comparison of these
shows significant difference this event code is generated.
214
There are two A to D converters associated with translating external battery voltage. When a comparison of these
shows significant difference this event code is generated.
215
There are two A to D converters associated with translating Oxygen Pressure. When a comparison of these shows
significant difference this event code is generated.
216
There are two A to D converters associated with translating cooling gas temperature exiting the ventilator. When a
comparison of these shows significant difference this event code is generated.
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113
217
The DAC used with the exhalation transducer has differed significantly with a redundant A to D comparison.
218
The DAC used with the turbine transducer has differed significantly with a redundant A to D comparison.
219
There are two A to D converters associated with translating the 48 VDC supply level. When a comparison of these
shows significant difference this event code is generated.
220
This code is left for a future option to check an additional A to D conversion channel.
221
Two consecutive internal reference voltage mismatches. This is a reference voltage internal to the A/D.
230
The IOP generates this event when it does not receive information from the MSP.
231
The IOP generates this event when it finds that the MSP did not remove data sent to it in the data packet memory.
232
The IOP has detected a checksum error in a low priority data packet.
233
The IOP does not recognize a command sent to it from the MSP.
234
The IOP has detected that the length of the data received from the MSP does not match the content described by the
MSP.
235
The IOP has passed a command to a software module that does not know how to process it.
236
237
The IOP did not receive an MSP communication packet for over 100 ms.
238
After going through their individual POST routines, the IOP and MSP have 2 seconds to go into operation. This event
is generated if this does not happen.
248
249
Fan OK -- indicating that the fan has recovered from a 248 event.
250
When the output of the IOP DAC was routed to its input for testing purposes, a difference was found. This event code
is logged and the message HW FAULT is displayed in the Monitor Window.
251
The IOP has detected an over temperature condition on the power supply. This event code is logged and the message
HW FAULT is displayed in the monitor window. Check fan filter for occlusion. Check fan for operation.
252
253
The IOP has determined that the power supply has returned to normal operating temperature.
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Glossary
TERM
DEFINITION
AC Alternating Current
Airway Pressure
Manometer
A real-time digital bar graph that displays the current patient breathing circuit pressure as
it rises and falls during a ventilatory cycle. Amber LEDs mark high and low pressure
alarm limits.
Alarm
A combined audible and visual notification. When the ventilator detects an operating
condition that requires your immediate attention, it generates an alarm. The audible
component is typically an oscillating tone. The visual component is a message that
appears in the alarm window. A flashing control or an illuminated indicator sometimes
accompanies this message.
Alert
An alert is a notification that the ventilator requires your attention. When the ventilator
detects an operating condition that may prevent the ventilator from performing to its
published specifications, but which will not adversely affect the patient, the ventilator
generates an alert. Alerts do not have an audible component; no tone sounds. But they
do have a visual component: a message appears in the monitor window.
Apnea
Apnea occurs when the patient fails to receive a breath during the period of time
specified by the user-defined apnea interval.
Apnea Backup
Ventilation
Apnea Interval
A period of time between 10 and 60 seconds, which is set using the Apnea, function in
the Special Functions. Lets you define how long the ventilator should wait between
breaths before initiating Apnea Backup Ventilation. The apnea alarm occurs when Apnea
Backup Ventilation is initiated.
Assist Breath
Any positive pressure breath that is initiated by the patient, and controlled and terminated
by the ventilator. Assist breaths are only permitted in Assist/Control and SIMV modes.
Assist/Control
Mode
A mode of ventilation in which the patient receives a fixed number of mandatory breaths.
The patient may trigger some or all of the breaths.
Autozero
AutoPEEP
(Intrinsic PEEP)
Alveolar
Distending
Pressure
Baseline
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TERM
DEFINITION
Bias Flow A continuous flow through the patient breathing circuit. The level of Bias Flow can be set
from 10 to 20 lpm by using the Bias Flow function in the Special Functions
Bpm Breaths per minute.
Breath Period
Breath Rate
BTPD
Button
Checksum
Circuit
Circuit Pressure
cmH2O
Control Mode
Controls
CPAP
Continuous
Positive Airway
Pressure (CPAP)
CPAP Mode
Cst
Displays
EEPROM
Event
Event Code
Exhalation Phase
Exhalation Time
Exhaled Tidal
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The length of time between machine initiated breaths. Depends on the Breath Rate
setting and is computed by dividing 60 seconds by the Breath Rate setting. When the
Breath Rate setting is 15 bpm, for example, the breath period is four seconds (i.e., 60 /
15). In this example, the ventilator initiates a breath every four seconds.
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TERM
Volume
Flow
Flow Trigger
Indicators
I:E Ratio (I:E)
117
Glossary
DEFINITION
The rate at which gas is delivered. Measured in liters per minute (lpm).
A way if initiating breaths in response to patient effort. When the patient attempts to
inhale, flow is diverted into the patients lungs. If the patient demand exceeds the
currently set sensitivity level, the ventilator triggers an assist breath.
An LED showing operational status.
Shows the ratio of the inspiratory to exhalation time for all breaths including spontaneous
breaths. The smaller number is normalized to one. The I:E ratio is updated at the end of
every breath. Inverse I:E ratios are displayed as well as regular I:E ratios.
Inspiratory Time
(Ti)
The length of the inspiratory period measured from the start of inspiration to the start of
exhalation.
Inspiratory Phase
The phase of a breath in which the patient inhales or inspiratory flow is delivered into the
lungs under positive pressure.
LED
lpm
Machine Breath
Manometer
Manual Breath
MAP
Mean Airway
Pressure (MAP)
Milliseconds
A ventilator delivered breath that is initiated, controlled, and terminated by the ventilator.
Machine breaths are only permitted in Control, Assist/Control and SIMV modes.
See Airway Pressure Manometer.
An operator-initiated machine breath that is delivered when you press the front panel
Manual Breath button. The ventilator delivers the type of breath currently set up in the
system.
See Mean Airway Pressure.
Shows the MAP for the last minute and is based on a one minute moving average. The
display is updated every 10 seconds.
A unit of time of 300 msec required to allow the patient to inhale.
Minimum
Exhalation Time
A minimum time of 250 msec required to allow the patient to exhale before an inspiration
can be initiated.
Minimum
Inspiratory Time
Minute Volume
(VE)
MIP/NIF
ML
Mode
L1580
Shows the average volume delivered to the patient each minute and is updated at the
end of each exhalation. The minute volume is calculated by multiplying the breath rate by
the average of the previous eight tidal volumes. Spontaneous breaths are included.
Maximum Inspiratory Pressure/Negative Inspiratory Force. A measure of patients
inspiratory effort.
Milliliter. A unit of volume equal one-thousandth (10-3) of a liter.
An operating state of the ventilator that determines the allowable breath types.
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TERM
DEFINITION
Monitored
Parameter
O2
Patient Breathing
Circuit
The tubing that provides the ventilatory interface between the patient and ventilator.
Patient Breath
Any ventilator-delivered breath that is initiated and terminated by the patient. Patient
breaths are only permitted in SIMV and CPAP modes.
Patient Circuit
Patient Effort
Palvd
Paw
Peak Inspiratory
Pressure (PIP)
PEEP
Pex
End Exhalation Pressure. Measured during an Expiratory Hold maneuver, and used to
measure Auto/PEEP.
PIP
Positive End
Expiratory
Pressure (PEEP)
POST
Power On Self
Tests (POST)
Pplat
Shows the measured Positive End Expiratory Pressure. The display is updated at the
end of the exhalation phase.
See Power On Self Tests
A group of built-in verification tests that run on power up and that check the internal
electronic circuits to make sure everything is working properly.
Plateau Pressure. Measured during an Inspiratory Hold maneuver. Used to calculate
Static Compliance. (Cst).
Pressure Control
Breath
A Machine or Assist breath in which the ventilator elevates the inspiratory pressure
above the baseline (i.e., PEEP) for a set inspiratory time. Set using the front panel
Pressure Control.
Pressure Support
Breath
A patient breath in which the ventilator elevates the inspiratory pressure above the
baseline (i.e., PEEP) by an amount set using the front panel Pressure Support setting.
Pstart
PSIG
rpm
Sigh Breath
L1580
The Starting Pressure measured during a MIP/NIF maneuver. Used to calculate patients
inspiratory effort.
A Volume Controlled machine breath having a tidal volume equal to one-and-a-half times
(150% of) the current tidal volume setting.
Revision D
March 2003
TERM
DEFINITION
SIMV
SIMV Mode
Special Functions
Spontaneous
Breath
Static Compliance
(Cst)
SVT
Service
Verification Tests
(SVT)
Terminated
Tidal Volume
Ti
Total Breath Rate
Transducer
User Verification
Tests (UVT)
Ventilator
Inoperative
Condition
VAPS
VE
Vent Inop
Vte
Volume Assured
Pressure Support
(VAPS)
L1580
119
Glossary
The transition from the inspiratory phase to the exhalation phase of a breath
The amount of volume delivered in a breath
See Inspiratory time.
Shows the total number of breaths per minute, including both spontaneous and machine
breaths. The displayed value is based on an eight-breath moving average and is updated
at the beginning of each inspiration.
An electromechanical device used to measure pressure and flow.
A group of tests you can run to check ventilator performance prior to connecting the
ventilator to a patient.
When all internal systems are immediately forced into a safe condition and a vent inop is
sounded. This is due to an internal failure or operating condition that could interfered with
the continued safe operation of the ventilator.
See Volume Assured Pressure Support.
See Minute Volume.
A combined audible and visual notification to the user that a ventilator inoperative
condition ahs occurred.
See Tidal Volume.
A Machine or Assist breath in which the ventilator elevates the inspiratory pressure
above the baseline by an amount set using the front panel Pressure Control setting. If
necessary, VAPS breaths will deliver additional flow determined by the Peak Flow setting
to achieve a guaranteed minimum Tidal Volume as specified by the front panel Tidal
Volume setting.
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TERM
Window
L1580
DEFINITION
The alphanumeric display used to show alarms, alerts, monitored parameters, and
overall ventilator status.
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March 2003
Index
121
Index
A
cautions 9
cleaning the ventilator 89
CMV 26
configurations
TBird ventilators 15
Control 6, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 39, 42, 50, 51, 55,
60, 61, 65, 66, 67, 69, 71, 72, 74, 83, 86,
100, 101, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119
control lock 24, 71
controls and displays 19
Copyright 5
CPAP 6, 16, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 42,
47, 49, 50, 55, 61, 65, 66, 67, 83, 100, 115,
116, 118
B
battery 16
external 16
internal 16
Bias Flow 19, 42, 49, 60, 61, 65, 69, 72, 100,
116
Body Temperature Pressure Dry 26
Breath Rate 15, 16, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 37, 42,
43, 44, 50, 51, 61, 62, 66, 83, 100, 101, 102,
116, 119
breathing circuit 7, 8, 17, 23, 27, 33, 41, 44,
45, 47, 55, 56, 59, 60, 72, 81, 84, 86, 87, 89,
91, 92, 109, 115, 116
D
dimmed control 21
display 19, 21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33, 38, 47, 60,
62, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 83,
86, 107, 117, 118, 120
E
Effort 19, 22, 101, 118
electromagnetic interference 5
electrostatic shock 9
Enzymatic Cleaner 93
Event Codes 80
exhalation criteria 21, 26
exhalation valve 8, 10, 23, 33, 38, 41, 45, 47,
48, 51, 52, 56, 70, 86, 87, 89, 90, 91, 92,
100, 116, 118
Expiratory Hold 15, 19, 31, 32, 83, 101, 118
external battery 9, 16, 29, 30, 34, 40, 43, 46,
59, 60, 62, 85, 88
External Battery 19, 29, 43, 70, 79, 101
F
fan filter 95
L1580
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Operators Manual
filter check 83
FiO2 7, 107
flashing control 21
flashing LED 21
Flow Cal 15, 19, 33, 60, 70, 83, 87
flow termination 74
flow triggered 26
M
machine breaths 25, 37, 119
malfunctions 87
manometer 16, 22, 23, 33, 61, 62
Manual Breath 15, 19, 24, 30, 83, 100, 117
MAP 37, 38, 62, 102, 117
maximum inspiratory flow rate 25
Mean Airway Pressure 37, 38, 102, 117
Medical Device Directive 6
Minute Ventilation 16
19, 23, 37, 42, 47, 48, 61, 70, 78, 83, 101,
102, 117, 119
mode select button 24
19, 24, 31, 37, 49, 50, 60, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75,
76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84
monitored parameters 22, 24, 37, 60, 62, 69,
72, 120
MRI 5
G
Graphics Monitor 72
H
high pressure 8, 9, 10, 21, 30, 62
high pressure alarm 22
High Pressure alarm 67
high pressure alarm control 23
High Pressure Limit 19, 20, 33, 34, 45, 62
hour meter 76
I
incompatible settings 21
inspiratory flow 25, 26, 27, 70, 117
Inspiratory Hold 15, 19, 31, 83, 101, 115,
118
Inspiratory Pause 15, 19, 20, 28, 42, 50, 51,
61, 65, 66, 67, 83
inspiratory termination point 73
Inspiratory Time 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 27, 28,
30, 37, 38, 42, 50, 51, 61, 62, 66, 83, 101,
102, 117
intended use 6
internal battery 9, 16, 17, 28, 29, 30, 34, 43,
46, 59, 60, 85, 100
Internal Battery 101
L
Lamp Test 81
language 75
leak test 84
Legacy 6, 7, 16, 22, 27, 28, 31, 43, 57, 58,
66, 70, 98, 101, 102, 105
limitation of liability 4
low minute volume 23
low pressure alarm 22, 115
L1580
Revision D
ON Indicator 19
operator replaceable components 17
ordering information 97
Over Pressure Relief Valve 19, 33, 88
oxygen 107
Oxygen 16, 44, 46, 57, 58, 70, 79, 98, 100,
103, 107, 118
P
Peak Flow 15, 19, 20, 25, 26, 29, 30, 31, 33,
42, 50, 51, 61, 66, 83, 100, 119
Peak Inspiratory Pressure 27, 37, 38, 62, 102,
118
PEEP 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29,
37, 38, 42, 44, 45, 51, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67, 83,
87, 100, 102, 115, 118
percentage of oxygen 27
performance check 65
PIP 16, 27, 33, 37, 38, 62, 102, 118
Power Fail Check 62
power source 16
Power Switch 19, 34, 35
Pressure Control 16, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 28,
31
Pressure Support 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24,
25, 27, 31, 42, 47, 55, 61, 65, 66, 67, 69, 73,
83, 100, 118, 119
March 2003
Index
pushbutton 21
R
Remote Alarm 19, 31, 42, 70, 75, 78, 83, 100
required control 21
123
trademark 5
transducer data 79
transducer test 79
troubleshooting 85
turbine 76
U
S
7
Sensitivity 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 29,
42, 60, 61, 65, 66, 67, 69, 73, 83, 87, 100
setting a control 19
setting a mode 65
sigh breath 21, 23, 30, 47
Sigh Button 19, 30
SIMV 6, 16, 19, 20, 24, 25, 27, 42, 55, 65,
66, 67, 83, 100, 115, 117, 118, 119
software version 75
Special Functions 8, 16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27,
28, 37, 49, 61, 65, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75,
76, 78, 79, 80, 82, 87, 88, 115, 116, 119
specifications 99
Square Waveform 15, 19, 31, 42, 50, 61, 65,
66, 83
sterilizing equipment 91
switch check 82
T
Tidal Volume 15, 16, 19, 20, 24, 25, 26, 29,
30, 31, 33, 37, 38, 42, 50, 51, 61, 62, 65, 66,
67, 77, 83, 100, 102, 116, 119
total breath rate 23
L1580
Revision D
W
warnings 7
warranty 4
waveform 25, 26, 31
March 2003