2014 02 21 DPR North East Highway 2G Project

DETAILED PROJECT REPORT
FOR
TELECOM INFRASTRUCTURE AUGMENTATION
IN NORTH EASTERN STATES
Prepared by:
TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONSULTANTS INDIA LTD.
(A Govt. of India Enterprise)
TCIL Bhawan, Greater Kailash - I, New Delhi - 110 048.

Telephone: 011 - 26202020 Fax: 011 - 26242266
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Contents
1.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 4
2.
STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT................................................................................................................. 9
3.
TELECOM SCENARIO IN NORTH EAST ................................................................................................. 10
4.
3.1
Introduction ................................................................................................................................10
3.2
The Bandwidth Bottle-Neck ........................................................................................................ 10
3.3
Way Ahead.................................................................................................................................. 11
3.4
USOF Support..............................................................................................................................15
TRANSMISSION MEDIA PLAN.............................................................................................................. 16

4.1
Introduction ................................................................................................................................16
4.2
Status of Existing USOF Schemes in North East .......................................................................... 16
4.3
Need for State to State & State To District transmission Network ............................................ 17
4.4
Methodology of Incremental Fiber Requirement for Ring Completion: .................................... 17
4.5
Details of existing Optical Fiber infra-structure:......................................................................... 17
4.6
Backhaul Equipment Planning .................................................................................................... 18
4.7
North Eastern Region Connectivity with rest of India ................................................................19
4.8
State to State OFC Connectivity.................................................................................................. 20
Recommendation for State to State connectivity in North East ........................................................25

4.9
State to District Physical Ring Planning.......................................................................................26
Assam ..................................................................................................................................................26
Recommendation for Assam State to District.....................................................................................35
Meghalaya........................................................................................................................................... 36
Tripura.................................................................................................................................................43
Mizoram .............................................................................................................................................. 48
Manipur...............................................................................................................................................58
Nagaland ............................................................................................................................................. 63
Arunachal Pradesh ..............................................................................................................................68
Sikkim ..................................................................................................................................................78
Details of Operator Fiber km. Existing & New ..................................................................................80
Recommendation for North East - State To District Ring Connectivity .............................................. 80
4.10
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ...............................................................................................................81

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4.11
5.
OPERATING EXPENDITURE.......................................................................................................... 84
COVERAGE FOR UNCOVERED NATIONAL HIGHWAYS (NH) OF NORTH EAST STATES OF INDIA ......... 89
5.1
Introduction: ...............................................................................................................................89
5.2
Assumptions:...............................................................................................................................91
5.3
References: ................................................................................................................................. 91
5.4
Methodology:..............................................................................................................................91
Back haul channel ................................................................................................................................... 93
6.
5.5
BTS Cost Details...........................................................................................................................95
5.6
Result analysis:............................................................................................................................97
5.6
Key Observation:.......................................................................................................................104
5.7
Recommendation......................................................................................................................104
Annexure........................................................................................................................................... 105
Annexure I: Graphical Representation of Rings on Google Maps.........................................................105
Annexure II: Data of Existing OFC of Various Operators....................................................................... 105
Annexure III: Details of Fiber Km of TCIL & TRAI...................................................................................105
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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction:
TCIL was approached by USOF Administrator vide Letter D.O No 30-119-1/2013 USOF dated
1st Nov 2013 for preparing a DPR in accordance with TRAI Recommendations dated Sep 2013
for Telecom Infra-structure Augmentation in the North Eastern States including Sikkim and
Assam.
TCIL studied the above mentioned TRAI Recommendations. Based on the study and various
meetings that were held with USOF officers in Nov 2013 the scope of DPR was finalized.
The three verticals addressed in this study report for North East region is as follows:
1. Providing 2G coverage to the villages that are uncovered by any Telecom Service
Provider (TSP).
2. Providing 2G coverage to the uncovered National Highway (NH) network of North East.
3. Providing redundancy and diversity for the optical media from State Headquarter (SHQ)
to District Headquarter (DHQ) and Inter-State capitals connectivity.
This report covers 2G coverage to the uncovered National Highway (NH) network and
transmission media network gap analysis for providing redundancy and diversity for the
optical media from SHQ to SHQ and SHQ to DHQ of North East Region including Sikkim, a
total of 8 States.
The key findings are the quantity and cost required for upgrading the telecom infrastructure in
North Eastern Region. The detailed of the study with quantity is given in the chapters. The
summary of estimated cost along with quantity is given below.
CAPEX ESTIMATION
The capital expenditure required to build infrastructure is done for each vertical. The study as
detailed in further chapters emphasizes on the quantity of OFC km, equipment quantity and
the no. of BTSs required.
A. Transmission Media
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CAPEX for OFC

New OFC (km.)
Sl.
No.
State
Assam
Meghalay
a
Mizoram
Tripura
Manipur
Nagaland
Arunachal
Sikkim
No. of
Districts
Total
OFC Cost (Rs. Cr.)
u/g
BSNL
Damage
d
aerial
27
158
70
11
123
265
100
382
76
171
11
124
30
16
945
639
125
94
1987
130
1091
u/g
aerial
12.64
5.60
Total Cost
(Rs cr.)
18.24
9.84
0.00
9.84
29.20
30.56
59.76
6.08
0.00
6.08
13.66
0.00
13.66
12.32
0.00
12.32
75.60
51.12
126.72
10.00
0.00
10.00
169.34
87.28
256.62
Note: The rate has been estimated based on the BSNL tender rate for Defense where the minimum per
Km rate has been Rs 13 lacs which includes ROW cost and stringent cable specification as per tender
requirements. Considering lower OFC specifications and excluding ROW cost, the SITC cost for OFC has
been considered as Rs. 8 lakh per km. The per km. cost for OFC varies with the soil quality variation in
the sections especially in North East being tough terrain. Cost includes taxes and duties except Octroi
and local taxes.
CAPEX for Equipment
Assam
Meghalay
a
10
DXC
State
Equipment Cost (RS)
OADM
Sl.
No
.
OA
Equipment
Quantity
OA
OADM
DXC
24
2,500,000
36,000,000
30,000,000
68,500,000
3,500,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
28,500,000
Total Cost
(Rs)
Total Cost
(in Rs
Crores)
6.85
2.85
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Mizoram
18
Tripura
Manipur
DXC
State
Equipment Cost (RS)
OADM
Sl.
No
.
OA
Equipment
Quantity
OA
OADM
DXC
9,000,000
6,000,000
40,000,000
55,000,000
3,000,000
6,000,000
40,000,000
49,000,000
3,500,000
12,000,000
10,000,000
25,500,000
Nagaland
2,000,000
10,500,000
40,000,000
52,500,000
Arunacha
l
39
10
19,500,000
15,000,000
60,000,000
94,500,000
Sikkim
1,000,000
4,500,000
10,000,000
15,500,000
Total
88
73
21
44,000,000
109,500,000
210,000,000
363,500,000
Total Cost
(Rs)
Total Cost
(in Rs
Crores)
5.50
4.90
2.55
5.25
9.45
1.55
38.90
B. ESTIMATED CAPEX for 2G Highway

The capital expenditure required to build infrastructure for 2G coverage in the uncovered
national highway of NER is tabulated below. The capital expenditure has been calculated based
on the items required for setting up the BTS site which includes evaluated BTS equipment ( 2
TRX), tower & antenna, power infrastructure to support the BTS covering Solar panels, batteries
(with 3 days autonomy) as well as DG supply and backhaul equipment along with accessories.
The backhaul has been covered through Optical media assuming optical backbone is available
along the national highways.
Total numbers
of BTS
Total numbers
of BSC
1+1
150
144
417
1333
0.69
37.80
54.43
10
3.25
1+1
200
89
521
1667
0.87
48.25
42.94
No of TRX
km. for 30
meter Antenna
BTS Type
WATTRounded off
BatterySingle
unit
S. No.
BTS Wattage
NER has a total highway length of 8480 km out of which 1272 km (15%) is uncovered for mobile
communication. Based on the desktop study, a total no of 233 BTS has been found suitably to
cover the area at a total cost of Rs 97.37 Crores.
Solar
powerSingle
Unit
DG SetSingle
Unit
AH
Watt
KVA
Unit Cost
of Site
in Lakh
INR
Total Cost Estimate (In Rs. Crore)
Cost of Site
with respect
to BTS Type
in Rs crores
97.37
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Note: The CAPEX calculated above does not include survey cost therefore, 10% additional costs on the
estimated CAPEX is to be considered.
The above cost calculation was made taking into consideration the following item heads.
1. BTS with BSC and OMC-R (micro equipment)
2. Power (considering less available Grid power)
Battery (3 days autonomy)
Solar (6 hr sunshine)
Diesel Generator
3. Tower (Mast type)
4. Backhaul (Optical)
5. Miscellaneous Items like Transportation, Site preparation, Installation etc
OPEX
On an average OPEX per year can be taken as 20% of capex cost. Such cost includes AMC,
manpower, drive test and optimization, regular site maintenance, diesel etc.
C. Comparison with TRAI Report:
State
Total KM
Uncovered KM
TRAI
TCIL
TRAI
Arunachal
Pradesh
2302
1992
1218
Assam
3954
2836
94
Manipur
959
959
173
Meghalaya
810
810
Mizoram
927
927
Nagaland
494
494
101
Tripura
400
400
37
Sikkim
Total
8480
TCIL
597
131
211
40
74
187
28
TRAI
TCIL
122
119
10
23
18
34
12
10
29
62
9846
No of BTS
1631
1272
1
165
233
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Based on the above following may be noted:

1. TCIL has estimated 233 BTS against TRAI estimation of 165 BTS. This is attributed to TRAI
report considering10Km per BTS whereas TCIL has estimated the BTS based on an average
6 Km per BTS / 3 Km per BTS based on the topography.
2. TRAI report indicates uncovered NH distance of 1631 km against TCIL desktop estimation
of 1272 km as detailed in subsequent chapters.
3. 1090 Km of National highway data of Arunachal Pradesh was not available on NIC GIS
which was part of TRAI report.
4. Estimation of BTS for 1090 km of NH stretch of Arunachal Pradesh has been extrapolated
considering 3 Km per BTS as assumption.
5. Total number of BTS estimate to cover 1272 Km stretch of National highways has been
estimated to be 233 at a cost of Rs. 97.37 cr.
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2. STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

The broad structure of report is as follows:
Chapter 1 provides executive summary of the study carried out. It briefly explains the key
results arrived after doing analysis.
Chapter 2 defines the structure of the report.
Chapter 3 details the generic Telecom status of NE region and various technologies evolving to
address telecom needs.
Chapter 4 details the Transmission Media requirement between State to State rings and State
to Districts ring connecting all eight North Eastern states of India including Assam, Arunachal
Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura, Sikkim. While analyzing
incremental CAPEX it was assumed that the network Between District Headquarters and Blocks
of each state is already subsidized by USOF and the network below Blocks upto Gram Panchayat
are subsidized under NOFN project. The study has been done to ensure connectivity, Capacity
and reliability of Transmission media in above mentioned eight North Eastern States.
Chapter 5 reports on the requirement for the 2G uncovered areas of National Highways of
North East, India. Sikkim state was also included in the study report. Total length of NH studied
was 8480 Km out of which 1272 Km i.e. 15% was found uncovered by any service provider.
GSM 900MHz was taken as reference for study.
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3. TELECOM SCENARIO IN NORTH EAST

3.1
Introduction
The country has seen a phenomenal growth in the availability of economical telecom
services. People from all sections of the population are now using mobile telephone and
accessing the internet for viewing/retrieval of information and e-mail.
However, in respect of growing tele-density, the urban-rural divide continues. The
Government of India is determined to bridge the gap between urban and rural areas in
respect of telecom services, because access to voice and data services will play a crucial
role in the overall development and growth of the rural areas.
3.2
The Bandwidth Bottle-Neck

The transport system in North Eastern States is inadequate on many counts to carry the
present/future levels of rural traffic. The shortcomings include insufficient multiplex
capacity, some areas not having OFC connectivity, use of radio media having inherent
bandwidth/spectrum constraints, and, self-healing path protection is not available.
The existing networks are undergoing upgradation/expansion by the various operators
but this is in response to the growing commercial requirements, however, such
expansion would not be undertaken with the objective of increasing infrastructure in
anticipation of data traffic requirements that would arise in future years in remote and
rural areas also because the software applications are also to be developed and setup
for the traffic to arise.
The solution to inadequate capacity mentioned above, is to deploy appropriate
transport technology in intra-district transport network that will provide cost-effective
high capacity. This network will also meet the futuristic requirement in terms of
technology and the demand for various applications/services.
Other Challenges in rolling out Telecom Network in North East

Terrain Difficulties
ROW permissions
Inadequate Power availability
Infrastructure Issues
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3.3
a.
Way Ahead
4G - LTE
The way ahead is the new LTE based 4G based technologies which are already deployed
in many countries. Instead of 2G & 3G based towers and equipments, the new
infrastructure should be based on 4G where the tower deployment is easier and
cheaper. It is all the more required in remote places like NER where space, power and
funds are constraints as 4G offers solutions addressing all these issues. The 4G BTS are
very small in size and require very less power for operation, approx. 20W. Moreover,
they can be installed on poles rather than towers. The 4G network is also roll back
network i.e., it supports 3G, Edge, GPRS as well as 2G. The 4G network is based on LTEAdvanced - 3GPP Long Term Evolution. LTE is a series of upgrades to existing UMTS
technology and will be rolled out on existing frequency band.
Therefore in remote areas where CAPEX is an issue along with power availability, the
operators should look at 4G option to make their networks it future proof.
b.
Active Infrastructure sharing

Shared RAN is a concept in which one or more licensed mobile services operators agree
to share the radio access network of a third party infrastructure provider, for providing
the mobile telephone services in accordance with their license terms and conditions.
The licensed operator would still own the core network and would continue to own and
manage it. The backhaul/transmission system could be on Optical Fibre Cable medium
or Microwave or alternative media/technology and used on a shared basis.
Sharing of passive infrastructure is already taking place between Mobile Service
Providers on mutual agreement basis, and, third party infrastructure providers are also
setting up passive infrastructure (BTS sites) for sharing by licensed mobile service
providers who pay rental/leasing charges to such third party infrastructure providers.
7289 towers i.e. about 99.13% have been set up under shared mobile infrastructure
scheme. The infrastructure so created is being shared by three service providers for
provision of mobile services. 15209 BTSs have been commissioned by Service Providers
and mobile services are being provided. This is as per 12th five year plan for Telecom.
This results in reduced up-front cost of setting up BTS infrastructure for the service
providers since the passive infrastructure cost component is a major proportion of the
total cost of setting up a wireless network.
The sharing of active infrastructure is the logical next step, and the Department of
Telecommunications (DOT) has now allowed sharing of active infrastructure amongst
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service providers based on mutual agreements entered amongst them. It is pertinent to

mention that DOT guidelines exclude from sharing the allocated spectrum. The active
network allowed to be shared is limited to antenna, feeder cable, Node B, Radio Access
Network and transmission system only.
Cost savings
Active infrastructure sharing results in both CAPEX and OPEX savings for the sharing
operators.
It is known that passive sharing allows operators to share costs of passive infrastructure
which is estimated to be almost 60% of the BSS cost. In case of active sharing because
the BTS equipment, antennas and feeders are additionally shared, the CAPEX savings for
operators shall be more. However multi-operator equipment and antennas are more
expensive than traditional RAN equipment. But with increased deployment of shared
RAN, the production costs may drop in future.
Also the common equipment platform results in less power consumption and reduced
maintenance costs.The additional savings that may be obtained on account of shared
RAN over passive infrastructure sharing may be estimated from a break-up of site CAPEX
structure.
Item of Site
CAPEX (%)
Real Estate
28%
Labor cost/civil/ installation
30%
Base Station
22%
Antenna & feeder
10%
Power supply
5%
Others
5%
Total
100%
From above table it is seen that base station and antenna system account for about 32%
of site CAPEX and depending upon the number of sharing operators, significant cost
savings of appx. 25% may be obtained for each operator.
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In case of OPEX the savings shall arise from (a) lease/rental of passive infrastructure
since less space is required to accommodate more operators, and, (b) maintenance and
power consumption. The breakup of operational expenses for RAN have been estimated
as followsItem of Site
OPEX (%)
Rental/Lease
40%
Backhaul
22%
Maintenance
20%
Others incl. power consumption
18%
Total
100%
Since all above expenses will get shared, the savings in OPEX are expected to be
significant up to appx 10% to 15% of OPEX per operator.
Commercial basis
The commercial basis of sharing should take into account (a) recovery of investment
made by the third party infrastructure provider in a reasonable period, (b) the annual
operational expenses, and, (c) reasonable returns to sustain and grow the business as
also make reasonable profits.
Factors supporting Shared RAN
Shared RAN may be seen as a new phase of the mobile industry, wherein through the
consolidation and sharing of the radio access network the operators shall be able to
improve coverage in a faster and more efficient manner than if each operator was to
roll-out own network. It is also expected that the operators shall be able to provide
more types of specialized services in this process.
The various factors that are expected to drive the deployment of shared RAN services in
India include the following:
Government Teledensity outlook:

The Government is having ambitious targets to raise the tele-density in remote/ rural
areas and seeing the remarkable growth, as per 12th Five year plan.
Pressure for cost reduction:

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In view of the low ARPU, the rollout of mobile networks can only be supported on a
strategy of minimizing the cost and time of rollout of the network. The sharing of mobile
infrastructure is the only way to cut down the cost (especially for new operators). As
discussed above, passive infrastructure sharing is already taking place in a big way and
the sharing of active infrastructure in light of the recent TRAI guidelines shall be the next
big thing.
Entry of new players and expansion plans of existing operators:

Several major operators, who had been operating more on regional basis, have received
licenses as well spectrum in new circles, which would enable them to extend their
operations on pan-India basis. Also, new licenses have been issued to players such as
Unitech, Swan Telecom, and S Tel Limited. Given the significant expansion plans of new
entrants over the medium term and the need for them to optimize investments in order
to maintain returns, demand for cell-sites is expected to significantly increase. The new
entrants are likely to participate in this shared RAN services since they have to counter
the competition from entrenched players in an environment of low returns.
Technological Consolidation:
The shared RAN represents an opportunity for existing operators to optimize and
consolidate their BSS infrastructure in urban and metro areas on a common, highcapacity and scalable platform (including wide-band and efficient IP transmission
network) which shall support the variety of services under 3G/4G with the associated
higher bandwidths / data-rates. The technological advantage coupled with the necessity
of cost savings makes shared RAN solution equally attractive in semi-urban and rural
areas.
4G Spectrum Allocation:
It is felt that the process of 4G spectrum allocations may be completed sometime this
calendar year. The telecom industry is anxiously looking forward to the same. It is
expected that in the initial phase 4G services will be marketed in metro and major cities.
However, the cost of migration to 3G/4G remains an important aspect and the shared
RAN network can be one of the solutions for economizing the cost. New technologies to
further stimulate demand: In order to augment their services, various operators may
plan for providing 4G as well as Wi-Max services as soon as they receive additional
spectrum from Government.
Energy Saving:
The shared RAN provides the method of overall reduction of BTS/towers which is in-fact
becoming a necessity from the view point of environment and energy saving.
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Shorter Rollout time:
Since the mobile industry is highly competitive, the new entrants face a greater
challenge from incumbent operators already having widespread network, established
brand name and large subscriber base. Third party active infrastructure providers can
provide the economical cost and rollout time advantage which may prove critical for
business success of the newer entrants.
3.4
USOF Support
Recognizing that present/near-term revenue derived from carriage of rural/remote area
traffic on the augmented/expanded network may not be adequate to attract the
required quantum of investment, USOF intend to provide financial subsidy support by
way of percentage of capital recovery for the five years towards cost of rollout of the
district OFC networks in the North East Area. In present report we are calculating the
investment required (CAPEX) for building the augmented network.
The OFC network up-gradation/expansion in the various states is required to enable the
integrated development of USOF supported service streams, especially the creation of
general infrastructure and induction of new technological developments in the telecom
sector in rural and remote areas, and therefore qualifies for financial support from USOF
under the Indian Telegraph (Amendment) Rules, 2006.
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4. TRANSMISSION MEDIA PLAN

4.1
Introduction
The transmission media plays a key role in carrying the bulk data traffic from node to
node. The need for investment in the transmission media in NER has been realized after
the study conducted by USOF under various schemes both for wireless and wire line. In
one such scheme of USOF for District Headquarter to Block Headquarter connectivity on
Optical fiber in a ring topology of 2.5 Gbps upgradable to 10Gbps, the detailed OFC
planning had been done and a business plan for Assam & North East had been prepared
by TCIL as consultants to USOF. The financial gap between capital recovery vis-a-viz net
revenue realized over a period of years was estimated. This gap was recognized by
USOF, and the subsidy was provided through tenders floated for DHQ to BHQ
connectivity in NER and Assam so as to facilitate telecom operators to rollout the
network and mandatorily share it in regulated manner with other operators. BBNL has
also addressed this issue Block downwards i.e. OFC connectivity from Block to Gram
Panchayat.
4.2
Status of Existing USOF Schemes in North East

The projects of OFC connectivity in North Eastern region, below district level have been
assigned to BSNL &RailTel and the work is in progress. The status briefly is as follows:
Status of Project
Scheme/ Project
DHQ
BHQ USOF
Assam
connectivity on OFC Tender
in ring topology.
USOF North East
Tender
USOF - Sikkim
BHQ
Panchayat
connectivity
Gram BBNL Assam

BBNL - North East
BBNL-Sikkim
Current Status
302 blocks out of 353 has been
commissioned by BSNL under this scheme.
Subsidy amount 100Cr
Survey has been done in 6 North eastern
states by RailTel and rollout has been
initiated. Subsidy amount 484 Cr approx.
Study has been completed as a part of West
Bengal telecom circle. USOF is yet to float a
tender. For this report TCIL has assumed
that no fund has been allotted for Sikkim
yet.
Block to Gram Panchayat FTTx / GPON
network has been planned by the three
executing agencies in these states viz.,
Assam, Arunachal, Nagaland, Tripura,
Mizoram, Meghalaya, Manipur and Sikkim. A
fund of approx 20000 Cr for pan-India
rollout has been sanctioned to BBNL.
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4.3
Need for State to State & State To District transmission Network

The transmission network as stated in the table above i.e. districts downwards is
building up under USOF schemes & BBNL project, it is realized that with emergence of
3G based applications, video on demand and digital era, huge amount of data shall be
generated by the growing telecom subscriber base. To cater to this voluminous data, a
robust network is required from state to district and further inter-state. This study
focuses on the State to state and state to district part of the transmission network of
NER identifying the gaps in the physical connectivity and capacity wise as well.
4.4
Methodology of Incremental Fiber Requirement for Ring Completion:

Keeping the data available in TRAI Recommendations as the baseline, approach
followed is as given below:
1. Identify the state / district headquarters of North Eastern Region states on a map, as per
the latest data available. This was done using freeware Google Earth.
2. Study of existing fiber network , the references from TRAI, NIC, PGCIL Telecom Network,
RailTel Network, BSNL planning sheets having existing and planned fiber information of
operators in Assam & North East are taken.
3. A physical ring is planned considering the geographical factors i.e. roads, terrain and
river etc. on Google earth both for state to state and state to district for all 8 states of
NER.
4. The gap in the existing and new fiber required to complete the ring is identified. The
new sections are analyzed against the sections in which subsidy is already provided
under various USOF schemes for Assam & North East Scheme for District To Block HQ
connectivity in ring topology.
5. The Sections so identified after above mentioned steps are tabulated against the rings
for each State.
6. In addition to the incremental fiber identified above, a provision of 10 km. fiber is taken
for inter-operator PoP to PoP connectivity and in case of new sections also, a 10 km.
provision is kept for coiling, termination, and maintenance purposes.
4.5
Details of existing Optical Fiber infra-structure:

The media augmentation for fiber redundancy and diversity needs to be planned
keeping the total existing infra-structure of various service providers in mind and
identifying the existing fiber that can be used while planning the diversity and
redundancy. The existing fiber routes are referred from TRAI Report (BSNL Network),
PGCIL telecom network (PGCIL website), RailTel telecom network (RailTel Network ppt
&USOF NE) data available with TCIL regarding existing OFC of various Service Providers
and NIC database.
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4.6
Backhaul Equipment Planning

The physical gaps are analyzed above and the backhaul equipment planning addresses
the capacity requirement in the rings planned as explained above. The rings are planned
considering existing optical fibre network of all the operators since the network is to be
augmented keeping in mind to avoid redundancy of transmission media on same route
by different operators.
Effect of Existing USOF Scheme
In USOF schemes adequate measures are taken to cover the above high lease costs.
Following deliverables are expected from BSNL and RailTel in Assam and North East
respectively:
1. The operator shall build, operate, own and manage all the equipment/infrastructure for
the intra district augmented/created OFC transport network.
2. The operator shall be responsible for complete augmented and created bandwidth in
the district wise OFC networks, covering both existing routes/sections,
utilized/upgraded as well as new sections. This responsibility shall be on continuous
basis and will extend to all aspects of the scheme viz., roll-out and commissioning,
operation and maintenance, and providing bandwidth on sharing basis.
3. During the validity of the agreement, at least 70% of the subsidized bandwidth capacity
shall be made available by the host operator to other service providers for utilization, on
sharing basis at discounted tariff as prescribed in the agreement.
4. The discounted tariff for Assam is 26.22% of current TRAI ceiling rate i.e. minimum
discount of 73.78% on the current TRAI Ceiling tariffs for various bandwidth and
distance slabs.
5. The discounted tariff for NE-I circle is 12% and for NE-II is 27%. i.e. minimum discount of
88% on the current TRAI Ceiling tariffs in NE-I Service Area and minimum discount of
73% on the current TRAI Ceiling tariffs in NE-II Service Area.
6. The discount is valid on the subsidized bandwidth, provided on lease to other operators,
in the OFC transport network from SDHQ-SDHQ, having both the ends in same district or
in different districts.
7. The discounted tariff is applicable till the agreement period continuous between USOF
and BSNL for Assam and USOF and RailTel for NE respectively.
From above it can be concluded that if BSNL and RailTel has to ensure the bandwidth
from any District to any District and they have to share it with other operators at a
discounted rate as prescribed in their respective agreements. But their mandate is to
ensure ring architecture between DHQ and SDHQ. From SDHQ of one district to SDHQ of
18 | P a g e
another district, they have to only ensure a path, not a protected path. Hence for
redundancy in path between State HQ to District HQ, plan has already been proposed
above. It is assumed that 2.5G ADM are available at all DHQs as it is one of the
deliverables to ensure ring of minimum 2.5G expandable to 10G.
State to State & State to District Ring Design
The SDH ring design with an interconnected multi-ring architecture overlaid over an
optical mesh network or on Optical physical network as planned in state-wise physical
rings above. The no. of wave lengths required in any logical ring, is calculated using the
additional bandwidth requirement from the TRAI report. The logical rings consist of
Optical Add/Drop Multiplexers (OADM) and Digital Cross Connects (DXC). OADM is
placed on nodes where a part of traffic is dropped, some traffic is inserted and the rest
is passing through. Digital cross connects are used to cross connect inter ring traffic
between multiple rings where inter ring traffic is defined as the set of demands such
that source node belongs to one ring and the destination node belongs to other ring.
Optical Amplifiers (OA) are placed where only signal regeneration and pass through is
needed.
A state-wise equipment plan is formulated and the lease charges wherever required
shall be extra. We are also assuming that the existing system present is 2.5G SDH is just
sufficient to cater to existing traffic need of blocks below DHQ and a separate
equipment shall be planned at DHQ for SHQ to DHQ ring. In order to meet the
requirement of increasing bandwidth demand on the basis of various applications,
DWDM needs to be deployed.
From above it is analyzed that at least 40 lambda, 2.5G, DWDM system shall be
required. The Digital Cross Connect (DXC) is planned at all the state Headquarters and at
those District HQs where two or more rings are interconnecting. A provision of one
OADMat each District Head Quarter is taken while planning. In new sections, an Optical
amplifier (OA) is placed at every 40 km. distance for regeneration of signal. In a ring,
when there is an inter operator switching of traffic, an OA is planned at interconnection
point. An OA is also planned at nodes other than DHQ in the ring which are at the end
points of new section. The equipment projections on the rings are analyzed in the
respective tables of state.
4.7
North Eastern Region Connectivity with rest of India

Assam state is the gateway to the northeastern part of India. It is surrounded by the
other northeastern states: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura
and Meghalaya. Assam along with these 6 states, together called the seven sisters.
19 | P a g e
These states are connected to the rest of India via Assam's border with West Bengal and
a narrow strip called the "Chicken's Neck."
Redundant Connectivity of Guwahati with Rest of India (Chicken Neck)
Traffic Routing of North East State And Assam through Kolkata
All the telephone traffic generated by BSNL and other operators in these Seven Sisters
State has to be brought to Kolkata for further routing through the Tax Network. The
entire NorthEastState telecommunication OFC link with rest of India must pass through
this Chicken Neck Area. At present, the distance between Kolkata and Agartala in
India's landlocked northeast is a staggering 1,700 km Incase of disruption in this route
there is no alternate land route.
Moreover, distance wise this is a long route, subject to greater number of faults. During
any emergency, the telecommunication is solely dependent on satellite communication,
which is not cost effective as well as is a low speed with narrow bandwidth. The OFC
medium would offer a better future solution in terms of expansion of bandwidth
capacity.
In the TRAI report referred, it is mentioned that the OFC route Bongaigaon Guwahati
Nagaon (350km) which connects Guwahati to the rest of India has been damaged
beyond repair due to road widening work and therefore may be funded. It is to mention
that subsidy for the same has already been provided in USOF Assam scheme and this
section will also get covered indirectly while connecting these districts with their
respective sub-districts.
4.8
State to State OFC Connectivity

The state to state ring connectivity is seen w.r.t Guwahati, where all the traffic routes
and table below shows physical ring from Guwahati to the six NE states & Sikkim. It is
seen that in most cases existing OFC connectivity is available on BSNL. Some key
sections are available on PGCIL, which is a robust & reliable being OPGW network. The
network of RailTel& Oil India (reference TRAI report) is also present as redundant path
on some sections. There are only two new sections from Dhemaji to Dibrugarh and
Khowai to Kamalpur in Tripura identified , where new fiber need to be laid for ensuring
state to state interconnectivity , the CAPEX for same is accounted in the respective state
tables.
The equipment upgradation planning is done in all State to Districts rings. A Digital Cross
Connect is planned at each State Capital which is equipped with high capacity OADMs.
20 | P a g e
The DXC shall be adequate for State to State rings and shall work as an interconnect
between State to state ring and State to District ring. No additional equipment is
required at State Head Quarters. Hence, Capex requirement in terms of equipment
upgradation is nil in State to state connectivity as it is already covered in State to District
rings.
21 | P a g e
Table 1: State to State Proposed Rings

S.
No.
State
HQ to
State
HQ
Ring
Option 1
Guwahati - Baihata Mangaldai - Rowt Dekhiajuli - Tejpur - Balipara

- BCL Halem - Gohopur Itanagar - Naharlagun Nirjuli - Bandardewa - North
Lakhimpur - Gogamukh Dhemaji - Silapather Dibrugarh - Moran Sibasagar - Gaurisagar - Teok
- Jorhat - Numaligarh Bokakhat - Kaziranga Kuwaritol - Nagaon Mahadevgaon - Guwahati
Option 2
Guwahati - Baihata Mangaldai - Rowt Dekhiajuli - Tejpur - Balipara

- BCL Halem - Gohopur Itanagar - Tejpur Bongaigaon - Guwahati
Guwah
ati to
Itanaga
r
Proposed new OFC

(Km)
The CAPEX and km

pertaining to this ring
are covered in State to
District ring of Assam
as the only uncovered
portion (Dhemaji
Dibrugarh (70km)
coincides with the
district to district ring
of Assam.
0 Km
Operator Presence
BSNL is present from Guwahati

to Dhemaji to Silapather.
From Dhemaji to Dibrugarh
OFC of any operator (BSNL,
RailTel and PGCIL) is not
present, and Brahmaputra
river is in mid way, hence
aerial OFC is prposed in this
section.
From Dibrugarh to Guwahati
BSNL existing fibre is present.
Guwahati to Itanagar section is
Existing fibre of BSNL.
Itanagar to Tezpur to
Bongaingaon to Guwahati
section has an alternate
redundancy through PGCIL.
Reference
KML 1
KML 2
Remarks
Dhemaji to
Dibrugarh 70
km stretch
on
Brahmaputra
river and
subject to
construction
of bridge
across. The
ring length is
very large for
Itanagar ring
connectivity
with
Guwahati.
Hence
Option 2
below is
more
appropriate.
PGCIL return
path offers
reliable &
better Ring
redundancy.
22 | P a g e
S.
No.
State
HQ to
State
HQ
Guwah
ati Shillong
-Silchar
Imphal
Kohima
Dimapu
rGuwah
ati
Silchar Agartal
aAizawl
Silchar
Ring
Option 1
Guwahati - Pathankhana Mairang - Shillong - Jowai Kalain - Silchar - Jiribam Tamenglong - Kangkopi Imphal - Ukhrul - Kohima Sechu - Dimapur - Bakulia Nagaon - Motapahar
Guwahati
Silchar - Karimganj Patharkandi - Dharamnagar Kamalpur - Khowai Mohanpur - Agartala Salema - Ambassa Manughat - Aizwal - Serken Kolasib - Silchar
Proposed new OFC

(Km)
0 km
Only a small section of

the ring is uncovered,
which is covered as a
part of State to District
ring of Tripura.
Operator Presence
Reference
Remarks
BSNL is available in entire

route.
PGCIL is available in following
sections:
Guwahati - Shillong
Shillong - Silchar
Silchar - Imphal (planned)
Imphal - Dimapur
Dimapur - Tezpur - Bongaigaon
- Guwahati
Alternate routes are present
for the following:
Guwahati - Shillong via
Nongpoh.
Kohima - Dimapur via Nuland
Dimapur to Nagaon via
Numaligarh
Silchar - Karimganj Patharkandi - Dharamnagar Kamalpur : BSNL existing.
Kamalpur - Khowai: New OFC
Proposed (included in Tripura
state to district).
Agartala - Salema - Ambassa :
BSNL and PGCIL present.
Ambasa - Manughat : BSNL
present.
Manughat to Aizwal: PGCIL
present.
KML 3
KML 4
23 | P a g e
S.
No.
State
HQ to
State
HQ
Ring
Proposed new OFC

(Km)
Operator Presence
Reference
Remarks
Aizwal to Silchar: BSNL OFC

present.
This is also to mention that
PGCIL has planned OPGW from
Aizwal to Kolasib which may
be considered after checking
latest status from PGCIL.
Guwah
ati Gangto
k
Option 1
Guwahati - Rangia - Padhshala

- Bongaigaon - Coochbehar
(WB) - Jalpaiguri - Siliguri Gangtok : BSNL present
Guwahati - Rangia Padhshala - Bongaigaon Coochbehar (WB) - Jalpaiguri

- Siliguri - Gangtok - Melli Siliguri - Bongaigaon
Guwahati
Gangtok - Melli - Siliguri Bongaigaon - Guwahati: PGCIL

present
0 km
OFC of OIL India is also

available from Guwahati Dharampur - Barpeta Road Kokrajhar - Madarighat
Siliguri
KML 5
The referenced KML files are placed in Annexure-1
24 | P a g e
Recommendation for State to State connectivity in North East

The state to state connectivity analysis has been done and it is analyzed that BSNL OFC
network is existing from state to state in NER region. However, redundancy on these
existing routes is critical as these are bulk traffic carrying routes and generally NER has
difficult terrain so any fiber damage / cut may take long time to repair.
With this perspective, PGCIL OPGW network along high power transmission line is very
reliable option, it is connecting all state capitals with Guwahati. The details are provided
in Table above. As mentioned in TRAI report, PGCIL is not leasing dark fiber but only
providing bandwidth and the tariff on these NER routes is also relatively high. This issue
may be dealt by calculating the financial gap and providing subsidy to PGCIL on these
specific routes. It is essential to create a level playing field in NER and encourage
operators to enter in NER. At the same time PGCIL may reduce its bandwidth leasing
charges to other operators, hence, to reduce unnecessary incremental OFC layout for
redundancy network and to utilize the existing OFC in best way USOF may suitably
provide subsidy support to existing operators for the same to promote improvement of
telecom infrastructure in North Eastern states.
The analysis of the redundancy and capacity for state to state ring is done and the
strategy is tabulated below. As such no infrastructure gap is seen. The issue is high
Bandwidth lease charges and non-availability of dark fiber by operators with existing
infrastructure like BSNL & PGCIL in NER.
S.No
State to State
Connectivity
Assam - Arunachal
Pradesh
CAPEX
Requirement
NIL
Assam - MeghalayaManipur - Nagaland
NIL
Assam (Cachar
District) - TripuraMizoram
NIL (36km fiber

covered in Tripura)
Operator Presence
BSNL & PGCIL fiber is existing from
Guhawati to Itanagar. It is presumed
that under the recent BSNL & PGCIL
agreement, the PGCIL section is available
to BSNL.
BSNL fiber is existing connecting the
state capital Guwahati, Imphal, Shillong,
& Kohima.
The ring as a sub ring from Silchar
(Assam Cachar district) is envisaged on
BSNL & PGCIL fiber to connect Silchar
Agartala-Aizawl - Silchar. A small section
from Kamalpur Tulashikhar (36 km.)
appears to be non existing (can be
checked with RailTel).
25 | P a g e
Assam Sikkim
NIL
BSNL & PGCIL fiber is existing from

Guhawati to Gangtok.
Note: The above CAPEX requirement includes cost of OFC (supply + service). The provision of
CAPEX for Equipment upgradation is kept in state to district rings and the same system
shall suffice the requirement of state to state rings.
4.9
State to District Physical Ring Planning

The study of state to district connectivity in ring topology is done for Assam, Sikkim and
the six North Eastern state and it is seen that mostly BSNL is present and many
uncovered sections are already funded in USOF Assam & NE scheme. However, RailTel&
BSNL need to expedite the rollout of fiber in the NER and adhere to the timelines given.
The incremental quantity of OFC length as analyzed in table below for State to District
ring completion is subject to completion of the USOF Assam & NE scheme.
Assam
The Assam state has 27 districts, and the study is done w.r.t to state head quarter
district headquarter connectivity in ring on OFC, considering the existing fiber of various
operators. The gaps identified are from
1) Dhemaji to Dibrugarh (70 km) - This is subject to completion of bridge on
Brahmaputra river as also mentioned in TRAI report. This section is important from
point of view of state to district ring connectivity in Assam. Survey may be done to get
the actual length of underground fiber and aerial fiber over Brahmaputra river.
2) Silchar to Diphu - On this section, in parts BSNL(Silchar to Udarband existing),
Habagajao Maibang (subsidy provided in USOF Assam Scheme) andRailTel (Dihu to
Lumding) is present.The new section length is estimated as Udarband(Cachar)
Harangajao (North Cachar)59 km and Maibang- Lumding79.1km, the total length is
138 km. The detailed ring covering the connectivity & redundancy is tabulated in Table 2
and the respective KML files are placed at KML-6 to KML 8 in Annexure 1.
The capacity enhancement of these rings is done by equipment planning on 40 lambda,
2.5 G DWDM rings , the methodology is explained in 4.6 section.
26 | P a g e
Guwahati Goalpara Baitamari (BTM) Bilasipara (BLSP) Dhubri CoochBehar (COB) Kokrajhar Kajalgaon Bongaigaon Barpeta Rd Nalbari - Rangia 1 Guwahati
Kamrup,
Kamrup
(metro),
Goalpara,Dhu
bri, Kokrajhar,
Chirang,
Bongaigaon,
Barpeta,
Nalbari
Entire ring
GuwahatiPathshalaBarpeta RdBongaigaonKokrajhar
Guwahati KaheliparaBongaigaon
BSNL
TRAI
OIL
TRAI
PGCIL
Websi
te
PGCIL
Nil
Assam State
to
District(ASD)
RING
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
S.No.
Table 2A: State Headquarter to District Headquarter OFC Connectivity (Assam)
Kajalgaon is
DHQ of
Chirang
district, and it
is very near (10
km) to
Bongaigaon.
Therefore it is
presumed that
as per TRAI
information
and USOF
Assam tender
reference,
Kajalgaon is
connected on
this ring with
Guwahati.
ASD 1
27 | P a g e
TRAI
OIL
TRAI
PGCIL
Websi
te
PGCIL
TRAI
& NIC
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
BSNL
Dhema
jiDibrug
arh
70
km
Assam State
to
District(ASD)
RING
Guwahati Dhemaji &

Dibrugarh Guwahati
GuwahatiNagaon JorhatDuliajan
GuwahatiBongaigaonTejpur- Nagaon
RailTel
RailTel
SDH
ppt
Remarks
11
Darrang,Sonit
pur,
Lakhimpur,
Dhemaji,
Dibrugarh,
Tinsukia,
Sivsagar,
Jorhat,
Golaghat,
Nagaon,
Marigaon
Operator
Existing
Section
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
S.No.
2
Guwahati Baihata(BHT) Mangaldai (MLD)TezpurN.Lakhimpur Dhemaji Dibrugarh - Tinsukia

- Duliajan - Sonari Sibsagar - Jorhat Marianil - Golaghat
- Nagaon- Marigaon
2 - Guwahati
Guwahati ChayagaonDuphdharaGoalpara-New
BongaigaonKokrajharBijni- Barpeta
Rd - Nalbari
Guwahati
Nagaon Marigaon Guwahati is

existing
section as per
NIC. It is
shown as
planned in
TRAI Report.
ASD-2
28 | P a g e
TRAI
& NIC
TRAI ,
USOF
Assam
Sche
me,
NIC
138.
1 km
Assam State
to
District(ASD)
RING
Silchar
Udarba
nd(Cac
har)
Harang
ajao
(North
Cachar
)59 km
Haflon
g
Maiba
Remarks
Reference
BSNL
Length
Guwahati Shillong - Jowai

- Karimganj Hailakandi Silchar
Reference
Karimganj,
Hailakandi,
Cachar,
Haflong,
Diphu
RailTel
RailTel
SDH
ppt
New Sections
Guwahati - Shillong
- Jowai - Karimganj Hailakandi - Silchar
- Haflong - Diphu 3 Guwahati
Operator
Existing
Section
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
S.No.
GuwahatiSikoni- JorhatMoranTinsukiaNamrupMarianiFurkatingSarupatahrDimapurDiphuLumdingLanka-Jagi
RoadGuwahati
ASD-3
29 | P a g e
Assam State
to
District(ASD)
RING
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
S.No.
ng(cov
ered in
USOF
Assam)
Lumdin
g
79.1km
Guwahati - Nagaon
- Musalpur Tamulpur - Udalguri
4 - Guwahati
Udalguri,Baks
a
GuwahatiKaheliparaShillong KhlerihatBadarpur Silchar

GuwahatiDigaru-Jagi rdChapramukhLankaLumdingDiphu TinsukiaDibrugarhJorhatGuwahati
Guwahati Musalpur &
Guwahati Udalguri
PGCIL
PGCIL
Websi
te
RailTel
RailTel
SDH
ppt
BSNL
TRAI
Udalguri &
Baksa will get
connected in
ring through
ASD-2
30 | P a g e
their Block
Headquarters
under USOF
Assam Tender.
Subsidy
already
provided.
31 | P a g e
Assam State
to
District(ASD)
RING
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
S.No.
Table 2B: State Headquarter to District Headquarter Equipment Planning (Assam)
Ring
No.
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
Guwahati -
ASD 1
ASD 2
Goalpara Baitamari (BTM)

Bilasipara (BLSP)
Dhubri CoochBehar
(COB)
- Kokrajhar Kajalgaon Bongaigaon Barpeta Rd Nalbari Rangia Guwahati -
To
Goalpara -
Baitamari (BTM)
Bilasipara (BLSP)
Dhubri CoochBehar
(COB)
- Kokrajhar Kajalgaon Bongaigaon Barpeta Rd Nalbari Rangia Guwahati
Baihata(BHT) -
Existing
145
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operato
r
BSNL
47.5
BSNL
42.3
43.6
80.4
144
31.6
10
50.3
68.3
20
54.7
189
Equipment
Required
OA
DXC
Remarks
DXC at Guwahati,
Nagaon, Nalbari
RailTel, OIL & PGCIL
also there on cerain
section of this ring
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
32 | P a g e
Ring
No.
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
Baihata(BHT) Mangaldai
(MLD)TezpurN.Lakhimpur -
ASD 3
Dhemaji Dibrugarh Tinsukia Duliajan

- Sonari Sibsagar Jorhat Marianil Golaghat NagaonMarigaon Guwahati Shillong Jowai Karimganj Hailakandi -
To
Mangaldai
(MLD)TezpurN.Lakhimpur Dhemaji Dibrugarh Tinsukia Duliajan
- Sonari Sibsagar Jorhat Marianil Golaghat NagaonMarigaon Guwahati
Shillong Jowai Karimganj Hailakandi Silchar -
Existing
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operato
r
Equipment
Required
OA
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
206
69.4
70
47.7
26.7
66.8
47.1
58.7
17
39.9
153
56.9
78.9
99.6
67.3
160
61
43.7
Remarks
RailTel, OIL & PGCIL

also there on cerain
section of this ring
201
94.6
DXC
aerial
New
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
aerial km. subject to

survey
33 | P a g e
OFC Distance
(Km)
Ring
No.
ASD 4
From
Silchar Udarband
Harangajao
Haflong
Maibang
Lumding
Diphu
Nagaon
Guwahati Nalbari Musalpur Tamulpur Udalguri -
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
To
Udarband
Harangajao
Haflong
Maibang
Lumding
Diphu
Nagaon
Guwahati Nalbari Musalpur Tamulpur Udalguri Guwahati
Existing
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
18.7
59
10
79
10
42
50
39
143
127
141
240
42
79.9
128
3572.6
208
20
u/g
Operato
r
BSNL
New
BSNL
BSNL
New
RailTel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
Total
Equipment
Required
OA
DXC
Remarks
Note 1
1
1
27
3 DXC at Guwahati, Nagaon, Nalbari
24
5
34 | P a g e
Recommendation for Assam State to District

The analysis of Assam State to District ring shows that BSNL is the dominant operator. It has
already existing OFC covering all the districts and most sub-districts under USOF Assam project.
As per the project mandate the lease tariff is reduced on these sections. The State to District
gap in Assam for the fiber & equipment is nominal and BSNL may be directly given subsidy
being dominant operator to complete this gap and mandated to provide bandwidth on lease at
reduced tariff.
35 | P a g e
Meghalaya
Meghalaya state Headquarter is Shillong and has 11 districts, which includes four new
districts formed after 2011 census. The detailed study for the ring connectivity between
Shillong and District Headquarters is done using freeware Google earth and existing
fiber information from TRAI report under reference and the details of planning
information conducted for USOF North East Scheme in which rings were formed
between District to Block HQ on fiber.
In Meghalaya all the district headquarter are connected to Shillong in five rings on BSNL
existing fiber and on the gap sections are already considered while USOF NE planning
wherein these sections are subsidized and to be executed by RailTel.
One new Section of 53 km from Riangdo to Bokois proposed and shall provide
additional redundancy to four rings envisaged.
The various rings are tabulated in Table 3 and the respective KML files are placed at KML
9 to KML 12 in Annexure 1.
The capacity aspect on these rings are done by equipment planning on 40 lambda, 2.5 G
DWDM rings and repeater distance of 40 km is taken on new sections. The methodology
is explained in Section 4.6 Backhaul equipment planning.
36 | P a g e
Shillong - Jowai1 Khliehriat - shillong
East Khasi
Hills, West
Jaintia, East
3 Jaintia
Option 1
Option 2
Shillong- Nongpoh Guwahati - BorjharPatharkhama2 Mairang -Shillong
1 Ri Bhoi
Option 1
Shillong - Jowai Khliehriat

Khliehriat
Shillong
Shillong Mawryngkneng Jowai - Dawki PynursalaLangkyrdemShillong
Jowai- AmlaremLakadong- RymbiaKhliehriat- Jowai

Ring (partly BSNL
present) & partly
covered under
USOF NE tender
planning
BSNL
PGCIL
BSNL
Meghalaya State
to District (MSD
Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
Table 3A: MEGHALAYA STATE TO DISTRCT OFC RING ANALYSIS
MSD1
TRAI
PGCIL
Website
RailTel
TRAI
JowaiKhlierihat
Lakadong
Ring in
USOF NE
Plan
BSNL
&RailTel
TRAI,
USOF NE
Plan
DawkiPynursla , to
be executed
by NETF as
per TRAI
Subsidy
allocated
under USOFNE scheme
for this
section.
Subsidy
allocated
under USOFNE scheme
for this
MSD2
37 | P a g e
Meghalaya State
to District (MSD
Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring No.
Ring
section.
Shillong Pongjhung MawkyrwatNongstoin-Mairang

3 - Shillong
Shillong PongkhungMawkyrwatNoongstoinRiangdoWilliamNagar SongsakResubelparaKrishnai- DudhnoiBoko-Guwahati4 Nongpoh - Shillong
West Khasi
Hills, South
2 West Khasi
Option 1
Ring Existing
BSNL
TRAI
East Garo
Hills, North
Garo Hills,
West Khasi
Hills, South
West Khasi,
5 Ri Bhoi
Option 1
Existing Ring
BSNL
TRAI
MSD3
Ring via
Assam
MSD4
38 | P a g e
Meghalaya State
to District (MSD
Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
Ring existing
on BSNL
except
Shillong- Nongstoin
Mahendraga
- Williamnagarnj BaghmaraBarengpara
Mahendraganj East Garo
and Rewa Ampati Hills, West
Nongalbibra
Garobadha - Tura Garo Hills,
sections
Mendal South West
Ring (partly BSNL
Ria
which are
Resubelpara Garo Hills,
present) & partly
ngd
covered in
Dudhnoi - Boko South Garo
covered under
TRAI,
oUSOF NE
GuwahatiHills, North
USOF NE tender
BSNL
USOF NE
Bok 53
planning
MSD5 Nongpoh - Shillong
5 Garo Hills
Option 1 planning
&RailTel Plan
o
km TRAI &subsidized. 5
RiangdoBoko, new
section
proposed will
provide
additional
redundancy
for ring no.
2,3,4,5
above.
Section, Mahendraganj - Barengpara , Rewa- Nongalbibra &, Rongram-Williamnagar as suggested in TRAI report are also covered in USOF NE
Note planning and therefore subsidized.
39 | P a g e
Table 3B: MEGHALAYA STATE TO DISTRCT EQUIPMENT PALNNING
Ring
No.
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
To
Existin
g
MSD 1
(option
1)
Shillong
Jowai
Khliehrait
Shillong
Umsning
Jowai
Khliehrait
Shillong
Umsning
Nongpoh
65
31.8
95.8
30
21
MSD 2
Nongpoh
Umling
Umkadhor Rd
Mairang
Shillong
Ponkjhung
Mawkyrwat
Nongstoin
Mairang
Shillong
Pongkhung
Mawkyrwat
Nongstoin
Riangdo
WilliamNagar
Songsak
Umling
Umkadhor Rd
Mairang
Shillong
Ponkjhung
Mawkyrwat
Nongstoin
Mairang
Shillong
Pongkhung
Mawkyrwat
Nongstoin
Riangdo
WilliamNagar
Songsak
Resubelpara
13
39
54
46
53.8
21.9
37.8
49.4
45.8
53.8
21.9
37.8
43.8
101
30.3
39.8
MSD 3
MSD-4
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
10
10
10
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Equipment Required
Operator
BSNL
BSNL
PGCIL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL,
RailTel
Railtel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
OA
Remarks
DXC
1
DXC at Shillong
1
1
DXC of Guwahati
taken in Assam
40 | P a g e
Ring
No.
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
To
Resubelpara
Krishnai
Dudhnoi
Boko
Guwahati
Nongpoh
Shillong
Nongstoin
Williamnagar
Krishnai
Dudhnoi
Boko
Guwahati
Nongpoh
Shillong
Nongstoin
Williamnagar
Nongalbibra,
Nongalbibra,
Rewak
Baghmara
MSD-5
Barenghpara
Mahendragan
j
Ampati
Garobadha
Tura
Mendal
Resubelpara
Dudhnoi
Rewak
Baghmara
Barenghpara
Mahendragan
j
Ampati
Garobadha
Tura
Mendal
Resubelpara
Dudhnoi
Boko
Existin
g
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
21.6
13.2
47.7
65.8
49.3
51.1
94.7
141
22
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Equipment Required
Operator
OA
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
38
24
53
10
10
Railtel
BSNL
BSNL
50
10
Railtel
28
22.8
28.2
60.8
25.7
26.8
47.7
10
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
Remarks
DXC
Rewa Nongalgipara
(Railtel USF NE)
1
1
1
41 | P a g e
OFC Distance
(Km)
Ring
No.
From
Boko
Guwahati
Nongpoh
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
To
Guwahati
Nongpoh
Shillong
Total
Existin
g
65.8
49.3
51.1
2010.3
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
53
53
OFC
Equipment Required
Operator
U/g or
Aerial
u/g
70
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
0
OA
DXC
Boko - riangdo New (53 km.
subsection)
Remarks
11
1 DXC at Shillong
10
7
42 | P a g e
Tripura
The Tripura State has Headquarter at Agartala and has 8 districts, including four new
districts formed after 2011 census. There are 3 rings envisaged from Agartala to its
districts which are covered on BSNL fiber and some new sections are already
subsidized through USOF NE-1 tender.
A new section required to connect ring between Districts HQ Khowai, Kaliashahar, &
Dharamnagar is from Kamapur Tulashikar (36 km) This section is also identified in
the state to state rings for connectivity from Shillong to Agartala to Aizawl but cost of
this section is taken here.
The rings are tabulated in Table 4 and are represented in KML 13 to KML 14 in
Annexure 1.
The capacity aspect on these rings are done by equipment planning on 40 lambda,
2.5 G DWDM rings and repeater distance of 40 km is taken on new sections. The
methodology is explained in Section 4.6 Backhaul equipment planning
43 | P a g e
Agartala BirendranagarAmbassaGandarcharaAmarpurR.K.pur(Udaipur
) - Bisramganj 1 Agartala
Udaipur Amarpur Karbuk Rupaichari Satchand Hrishiyamukh Belonia
2 Udapiur
Agartala Mohanpur Khowai
Tulashikhar kamalpur KailashaharDharamnagarKumarghat 3 Ambassa-
West
Tripura,
Dhalai,
Gomati,
Sipahijal
4 a
South
1 Tripura
Khowai,
Unakoti,
North
3 Tripua
Option1
Existing Ring
Option1
Partly BSNL
existing &
remaining
covered in
USOF NE
planning
Option1
Partly Existing
on BSNL &
rest covered
in USOF NE
Tender
i.e.,KhowaiKamalpur
BSNL
Tripura State
to District
(TSD Ring)
TRAI, USOF
NE planning
TSD-1
New
Sections
are
subsidized
in USOF NE
Tender
TRAI, USOF
NE planning
BSNL, USOF NE
Tender
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
Table 4A: Tripura State to District OFC ring
TRAI, USOF
NE planning
TSD-2
Kamalpur
Tulashikar
TRAI,
USOF NE
Planning
36k
m
TSD-3
44 | P a g e
Tripura State
to District
(TSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring No.
Ring
Agartala
Option
2
Option
3
AgartalaKhowaiKamalpurAmbassa Agartala
Kamalpur AmbassaKumarghatDharamnagar
-KailashaharKamalpur
KailashaharDharamnagar
-Kumarghat Kailashahar
AgartalaKumarghat
BSNL, USOF NE
Tender
PGCIL
45 | P a g e
Table 4B: Tripura State to District Equipment Planning

OFC Distance
(Km)
Ring
No.
From
To
Existing New
Provisi
on
InterOpera
tor &
coiling
etc
Equipment
Required
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operat
or
OA
DXC
TSD-1
Agartala
Birendranagar
Ambassa
Gandarchara
TSD-2
Amarpur
R.K.pur(Udaipu
r)
Bisramganj
Udaipur Amarpur Karbuk Rupaichari -
TSD-3
Satchand Hrishiyamukh Belonia Agartala -
Birendranagar
Ambassa
Gandarchara
Amarpur
R.K.pur(Udaip
ur)
17.4
66.4
53.3
35.5
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
26.3
BSNL
Bisramganj
Agartala
Amarpur Karbuk Rupaichari Satchand Hrishiyamukh
Belonia Udaipur Mohanpur -
19.9
32.4
26.3
28.2
68.2
22.1
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
RailTel
RailTel
40.6
18.4
38.7
23
10
10
RailTel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
Remarks
DXC at
Agartala,
Ambassa,
udaipur,
Amarpur
1
1
1
46 | P a g e
OFC Distance
(Km)
Ring
No.
(optio
n 1)
From
Mohanpur Khowai -
Khowai Tulashikhar
Tulashikhar
kamalpur -
kamalpur Kaishahar
Dharamnagar
Kumarghat AmbassaAgartala
TOTAL
KailashaharDharamnagarKumarghat Ambassa-
No. of
DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of
OADM
No. of OA
To
Existing New
34.1
35.9
Provisi
on
InterOpera
tor &
coiling
etc
10
10
36
27
33
40.2
68.7
82.6
838.2
Equipment
Required
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operat
or
OA
DXC
RailTel
BSNL
1
1
New
BSNL
Remarks
to check
with RailTel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
36
40
8
4
4
6
47 | P a g e
Mizoram
The Mizoram State HQ is Aizawl and it has 8 districts in it. The terrain is hilly and road
connectivity to district headquarter is only feasible through NH. In many cases, alternate paths
are not available, therefore aerial cable is the only way to ensure redundancy in such locations.
The analysis for Aizawl to district HQ has been done, 4 districts namely Serchhip, Lunglei,
Lawngtlai and Saiha are connected with Aizawl in ring and sub rings formed through Serchhip
(MZSD - 1to 4), in which two new sections from (Lawngtlai - Saiha (58km) &Sangau Hnaihthial (62km) i.e total 120 km is proposed.
The other three districts i.e. Champai, Kolasib and Mamit are either partly or fully connected on
OFC and to ensure redundancy for these district headquarters aerial fiber is only way because
of lack of alternate route.The actual requirement of Underground OFC or OPGW orADSS cable
can be assessed only after a detailed field survey.
The new sections suggested to connect these 3 districts in ring with Aizawl are as follows:
1) Underground OFC - Aizawl - Lengpui- Mamit, UG OFC (95 km), Aizawl Champai
(100km){BSNL damaged section, reference TRAI report}
2) Aerial OFC Aizawl- Champai (207 km) , Aizawl Mamit (95km) and Aizawl Kolasib (80 km).
The actual length of aerial fiber may be less and is subject to a site survey. For budgetary
estimation same length as of underground fiber is taken.
The details are given in Table 5 below and the rings are represented in KML 15 to KML 20 at
Annexure 1.
DWDM rings and repeater distance of 40 km is taken on new sections. The methodology is
explained in Section 4.6 Backhaul equipment planning.
48 | P a g e
Lunglei -South
Lunglei Buarpui Serchhip Lunglei
Lunglei Serchhip
Option 1
USOF NE
planning
USOF NE
Planning
RailTel
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
TRAI , USOF NE planning
Remarks
Aizawl BSNL
Sechhip ,
covered under
USOF NE
planning
Length
Option 1
Reference
Aizawl, Serchhip
Operator
Reference
New Sections
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Aizawl TlangnuamAibawk Serchhip Thingsulthliah

- Aizawl
Ring
Ring No.
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Table 5A: Mizoram State to District OFC Ring
Entire ring
except
Chingchip to
Serchhip(whi
ch was BSNL
existing then)
has been
considered in
NE planning
and subsidy
provided.
Ring 2 is
connecting
with Ring 1
via Serchhip.
This connects
both Lunglei
& Serchhip
with Aizawl in
ring
redundancy.
The entire
ring covered
under USOF
MZSD-1
MZSD-2
49 | P a g e
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
NE planning.
Lawngtlai Diltang SChawngte Lungsen Lunglei TawipuiLawngtlai
Lunglei,
Lawngtlai
Option 1
USOF NE
planning
RailTel
USOF NE Planning
Ring 3 is
connecting
with Ring 1 &
Ring 2 via
Serchhip &
Lunglei. This
connects
Lunglei,
Serchhip and
Lawngtlai
with Aizawl in
ring
redundancy.
The entire
ring covered
under USOF
NE planning.
MZSD-3
50 | P a g e
Aizawl Thingsulthliah
- Saitual Kawlkulh KhawzawlChampai
Champhai
Option 1
Aizawl Thingsulthliah
(Covered
under USOF
NE ) - Saitual
(Existing
BSNL) Kawlkulh Khawzawl Champai
(BSNL Existing
& Khawzawl Kawlkulh in
USOF NE
Scheme)
BSNL ,
RailTel
USOF
NE
Tender
, TRAI #
Lawngtlai
- Saiha
(58km )
& Sangau
Hnaihthi
al (62km)
Aizawl to
Champai
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
USOF
NE
Plannin
g
Remarks
RailTel
Length
Saiha- Sangau
via Bualpui
Reference
Option 1
New Sections
Reference
Saiha. Lunglei,
Lawngtlai
Name of
Districts
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
No. of district
3
Ring
Lunglei Lawngtlai Saiha - Sangau
- HnaihthialLunglei
Ring No.
4
120 km
TRAI
Report
100km
MZSD-4
A part of this
is existing
BSNL section
and damaged
as per TRAI
report. USOF
may take a
call to fund
this section
or not.
MZSD-5
51 | P a g e
207 Km
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
New Sections
Aizawal Champha
i, Aerial
fiber.
Aizawl to
Champai
under ground
is covered by
BSNL and
some
sections are
already
subsidized
through
USOF NE
Tender.
Because of
nonavailability of
roads,
Redundancy
to Champai
from Aizawl
can only be
obtained
through
Aerial Fiber.
The distance
207 km is
linear and for
52 | P a g e
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
ADSS fiber,
the actual
distance may
be less.
Aizawl LengpuiMamit
Mamit
Option 1
Aizawl LengpuiMamit,
UG OFC
TRAI,
USOF NE
planning
95 km
No fiber
directly from
Aizawal Mamit
appears
neither of
BSNL nor in
USOF NE .
Therefore,
both
Underground
and aerial
connectivity
to Mamit is
required for
ring
redundancy.
MZSD-6
53 | P a g e
Option 1
Aizawl Kawnpui Kolasib
BSNL
TRAI,
USOF NE
planning
Mizoram State
to District
(MZSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
TRAI ,
USOF
NE
plannin
g
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
Kolasib
New Sections
Reference
Aizawl Kawnpui Kolasib
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
7
Aizawl LengpuiMamit,
Aerial
Fiber
Aizawl Kawnpui
- Kolasib,
Areial
fiber
95km
80 km
Aizawl to
Kolasib is
existing BSNL.
For
redundancy
ADSS along
the same
route is
planned.
MZSD-7
54 | P a g e
Table 5B: Mizoram State to District Equipment Planning
Ring
No.
MZSD 1
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
Aizawl -
Tlangnuam-
TlangnuamAibawk Serchhip Chhingchhip

Thingsulthlia
h
MZSD 2
MZSD 3
To
Lunglei South
Lungdai
Buarpui Serchhip -
Existing
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Equipment Required
Operator
5.2
RailTel
Aibawk -
25
RailTel
Serchhip -
73.7
RailTel
Chhingchhip
Thingsulthlia
h
28.1
34.7
BSNL
Aizawl
South
Lungdai
43.7
BSNL
Buarpui Serchhip TuiChang
44.2
36.2
10
BSNL
RailTel
RailTel
RailTel
RailTel, BSNL
TuiChang
Lunglei
64.7
29.5
129
Lawngtlai -
Diltang S
58.2
RailTel
Diltang S
Chawngte
30.3
RailTel
Chawngte
Lungsen -
101
RailTel
Lungsen -
Lunglei -
61.2
RailTel
Lunglei -
Tawipui-
50.2
RailTel
OA
DXC
Remarks
RailTel, BSNL
1
55 | P a g e
Ring
No.
MZSD 4
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
TawipuiLunglei -
Lawngtlai
Lawngtlai -
Lawngtlai Saiha -
Saiha Sangau -
Sangau -
Hnaihthial-
Hnaihthial-
Lunglei
Thingsulthlia
h
Aizawl Thingsulthlia
h
MZSD 5
To
Existing
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
32.5
82.7
Kawlkulh -
Kawlkulh Khawzawl-
KhawzawlChampai
MZSD 6
Champai
Aizawl Lengpui-
Aizawl LengpuiMamit
MZSD 7
Mamit
Aizawl -
Aizawl Kawnpui -
Operator
OA
DXC
Remarks
RailTel
RailTel
58
10
New
RailTel
62
10
New
82.4
68.5
RailTel
43.4
BSNL, RailTel
BSNL
damaged
BSNL
damaged
Saitual -
Saitual -
Equipment Required
100
34.9
41.3
100 km
BSNL
OFC
damage
d
BSNL, RailTel
BSNL
207
35
60
95.0
55
10
10
to be laid on
aerial, 207 is
road
distance
between the
nodes
u
u
New Aerial
New
New
a
u
New Aerial
BSNL
1
1
2
56 | P a g e
Ring
No.
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
To
Kawnpui -
Kolasib
Kolasib
Aizawl -
Existing
25
1280.6
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
80.0
697.0
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Equipment Required
Operator
BSNL
New Aerial
50.0
OA
DXC
Remarks
1
18
8
4 DXC at Aizawl, Serchipp, Lunglei, lawngtlai
4
18
57 | P a g e
Manipur
There are 9 districts in Manipur state with Imphal as its State Headquarter, which is
further divided into Imphal East and Imphal West. There are three rings planned in
Manipur to provide state to district connectivity. The details of rings along with map are
given in Table 6 below.
In the 1st ring covering Ukhrul, Imphal East & West, Senapati and Tamenglong, it is seen
that BSNL s fiber is existing and the gap from Tamenglong to Imphal West via Noney is
also partly covered under USOF NE scheme. The section where new fiber will be
required is from Nongpoh (Tamei Road) Patsoi (113 km)
In the second ring which covers Bishnupur, Churanchandrapur, Thoubal, the fiber is
either existing BSNL route or partly subsidized in planning of USOF NE, only the section
of new fiber identified is from Sangaikot Langching (7.7 km).
The Chandel district has linear connectivity on road, and while planning the District to
sub-district scheme for USOF in Manipur, BSNL existing network in Chandel was
considered. The fiber route from Chapikarong Chandel is identified as new fiber
required and already subsidized in USOF NE planning.
The respective maps are given in KML 21 to KML 23.
DWDM rings and repeater distance of 40 km is taken on new sections. The methodology
is explained in Section 4.6 Backhaul equipment planning.
58 | P a g e
1 Imphal East
- Ukhrul Tadubi Senapati Tamenglon
g - Imphal
West - East
2 Imphal
West Bishnupurchurancha
ndrapur Sangaikot Langching Kakching Thoubal Imphal East
- Imphal
West
Imphal
East,Ukhrul,
Senapati,Ta
menglong
,Imphal
West
Bishnupur,
Thoubal,
Churachand
rapur
Option
1
Option1
Imphal East BSNL

Ukhrul - Tadubi Senapati Tamenglong
TRAI
Tamenglong RailTel USOF NE

Nongpoh (Tamei
Planning
road)
Patsoi - Imphal
RailTel USOF NE
West - Imphal
Planning
East
Imphal West BSNL
TRAI
BishnupurChuranchandrap
ur
Manipur
State to
District
(MSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New
Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of
district
Ring
S.No
Table 6A: Manipur State to District OFC ring
Nongpoh
(Tamei
Road) Patsoi
113
km
MASD-1
Sangaikot Langching
7.7
km
MASD-2
59 | P a g e
Manipur
State to
District
(MSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New
Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of
district
Ring
S.No
Churanchandrap RailTel USOF NE

ur - Sangaikot
Planning
3 Chandel Khongjoy Palel kakching Chapikaron

g Chandel
1 Chandel
Option1
Langching Kakching
RailTel USOF NE
Planning
Kakching Thoubal -Imphal

East - Imphal
West
Chandel Khongjoy -Palel
- kakching Chapikarong
BSNL
TRAI
BSNL
USOF NE
Planning
Chapikarong Chandel
RailTel USOF NE
Planning
MASD-3
Fiber cost is
subsidized on
this route in
USOF NE
planning,
however no road
appears directly
from
Chapikarong Chandel.
Microwave
connectivity may
be possible.
60 | P a g e
TABLE 6B: Manipur State To District Equipment Planning

Manipur State to District Ring
Ring No.
MASD 1
MASD 2
MASD 3
From
To
OFC Distance
(KM)
Existing
New
Provision
InterOperator &
coiling etc
OFC
Operator
U/g or
Aerial
Imphal East
- Ukhrul Tadubi Senapati Tamenglong
- Ukhrul Tadubi Senapati Tamenglong

Imphal West
83.1
178
39
137
51
Imphal West
Imphal East
ImphalWest -
Bishnupur
15.4
23.2
Railtel
BSNL
Bishnupur
churanchandrapur
Sangaikot Langching Kakching Thoubal Imphal East
Chandel Khongjoy Palel kakching Chapikarong
churanchandrapur
Sangaikot Langching Kakching Thoubal Imphal East
Imphal West
Khongjoy Palel kakching Chapikarong
Chandel
Total
33.9
20.1
BSNL
Railtel
New
Railtel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
Railtel
113
7.7
29.3
25.3
28.3
15.5
98.4
44.9
7.8
42.3
104
976.5
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL, New
10 u/g
10
10 u/g
10
120.7
10
50
Equipment
Required
OA
DXC
Remarks
Note 1
1
2
1
1
7
Note 1
61 | P a g e
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
9
1 DXC at Imphal West
8
7
62 | P a g e
Nagaland
The Nagaland State has 11 districts with state headquarter at Dimapur. BSNLs fiber is
reaching all the districts as appears from the NIC database and TRAI report referred. The
rings are planned to provide route diversity to all the districts with state headquarter at
Dimapur. In the four rings planned as shown in table 7 below, there are two sections where
new fiber is required are as Zunheboto Akuloto (30 km) BSNL damaged section as per
TRAI report and Mon to Longleng (84 km). Peren district is already linearly connected with
Dimapur as per NIC data; however it is also covered in USOF NE planning where it is SDHQ of
Kohima and a ring is planned through it. As per Google earth no direct road connectivity is
appearing but as fiber km is subsidized and so the selected operator for NE i.e. RailTel shall
provide connectivity on alternate media i.e. fiber or microwave.
The respective rings are given as KML 24 to KML 26 in Annexure 1.
DWDM rings and repeater distance of 40 km is taken on new sections. The methodology is
explained in Section 4.6 Backhaul equipment planning.
63 | P a g e
1 Dimapur Kohima Phek Kipphire Tuesang Longleng Mokochung

- WokhaNiuland Dimpaur
8 Dimapur,Ko
hima,Phek,K
ipphire,Long
leng,
Tuesang
,Mokochung
, Wokha-
Option 1
Entire ring
BSNL
&RailTel
TRAI,
NIC,
USOF
NE
Plannin
g
2 Dimapur KohimaZunehoboto
Mokochung
- Wokha Niuland Dimapur
5 Dimapur,
Kohima,
Zunehoboto
,
Mokochung,
wokha
Option 2
BSNL
TRAI,
NIC,
USOF
NE
Plannig
Zunehobot
o - Akuloto
Googl
e map
30
km
3 Dimapur KohimaWokhaMokochung
- Longleng -
4 Kohima,
Wokha,
Mokochung,
Longleng,
Mon
Option 3
Dimapur KohimaZunehobot
o &
Akuloto Mokochun
g - Wokha Niuland Dimapur
Dimapur KohimaWokhaMokochun
g-
BSNL &
RailTel
TRAI,
NIC,
USOF
NE
Plannin
Longleng
to Mon
Googl
e map
84
km
Nagaland
State to
District (TSD
Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New
Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of
district
Ring
Ring No.
Table 7A: Nagaland State to District OFC Rings
The Kipphire to
Tuisang section is
seen existing in NIC
data on BSNL and it
is also partly
subsidized in USOF
NE scheme. The
Tuesang to Longleng
to Mokochung is
also subsidized in
USOF NE Scheme.
The Zunehoto Akuloto section
exists as per USOF
NE planning data
but as per TRAI
report (Nagaland
Map) & NIC this
section is damaged
and not existing.
Mon to Sonari is
already subsidized
in Mon planning in
NE scheme. Rest is
existing on BSNL
NSD-1
NSD-2
NSD-3
64 | P a g e
4 Kohima Sechu Jalukie _

Athibung Nsong _
Tening Peren - Pedi
- New Galli Ngwalwa Kohima
2 Kohima,
Peren
Option 1
Longleng &
MonGorgaon SonariGolgahatDimapur
Dimapur Peren
Nagaland
State to
District (TSD
Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New
Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing
Section
Route
Redundancy
Name of
Districts
No. of
district
Ring
Ring No.
MonSonariMarianiGolgahatDimapur
BSNL
NIC
This ring is planned

in USOF NE scheme
to connect Kohima
SDHQs. And so fiber
is subsidized.
However if road
connectivity is not
possible then the
operator will have
to go for aerial fiber
or microwave. In
either way, Peren
DHQ will get
connected with
Kohima and provide
a redundant path.
65 | P a g e
TABLE 7B: Nagaland State to District Equipment Planning
Ring
No.
NSD 1
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
Dimapur Kohima Phek Kipphire Tuesang Longleng Mokochung WokhaNiuland Dimapur -
NSD 2
NSD 3
KohimaZunehoboto
Mokochung Wokha Niuland Dimapur KohimaWokha-
To
Kohima Phek Kipphire Tuesang Longleng Mokochun

gWokhaNiuland Dimpaur
KohimaZunehobot
oMokochun
gWokha Niuland Dimapur
KohimaWokhaMokochun
g-
Existing
New
73.7
119
138
125
77.1
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
RailTel
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
10
142
33
68.2
112
30.2
73.7
75.9
68.2
30
Operator
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
RailTel
10
95.7
68.2
112
30.2
73.7
Equipment Required
u/g
OA
DXC
1
DXC at Dimapur
DXC at Kohima
DXC at
Mokochng
BSNL
BSNL
damaged
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
Remarks
66 | P a g e
Ring
No.
NSD 4
OFC Distance
(Km)
From
Mokochung Longleng MonSonariMarianiGolgahatKohima Sechu jalukie _

Athibung Nsong _
Tening Peren Pedi New Galli Ngwalwa No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
To
Existing
New
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Equipment Required
Operator
Longleng 95.7
BSNL
Mon84
10 u/g
New
Sonari52.4
RailTel
Mariani105
10
BSNL
Golgahat51.8
BSNL
Dimapur
83.8
BSNL
Sechu RailTel
jalukie _
RailTel
Athibung RailTel
Nsong _
RailTel
Tening RailTel
Peren RailTel
Pedi RailTel
New Galli RailTel
Ngwalwa RailTel
Kohima
RailTel
Total
1904.5
114
40
11
4 DXC at Dimapur, Kohima, Longleng, Mokocheng
7
4
OA
DXC
1
Remarks
DXC at Longleng
1
1
67 | P a g e
Arunachal Pradesh
The Arunachal Pradesh State has 16 districts, with Itanagar as its capital. It has got difficult
terrain not all the districts can be planned in ring to have redundant routes. As Arunachal
Pradesh has difficult terrain, laying of OFC may not be afeasible option. Therefore option for
laying aerial OFC either on OPGW orADSS based technology has to be explored. The actual
requirement of Underground OFC or OPGW orADSS cable can be assessed only after a
detailed field survey.
There are 6 districts which have to be connected on linear path on fiber and route
redundancy on fiber can only be obtained by laying aerial & u/g fiber both on the same
road. These districts are Anini, Hawai, Yingkhiong, Koloriang, Bomdila & Tawang, some of
these are already considered in USOF NE planning and so fiber is subsidized under USOF NE
scheme. In the remaining new sections required are: Along Yingkiong (220 km. u/g &
aerial) and Dirang Jang (107 km)
The rest of the districts are planned with Itanagar to Tezpur ring via Assam and a sub-ring
around Tinsukia to cover Changleng & Khonsa DHQs. The details of rings are given in table 8
below.
New Sections required as analyzed using TRAI map, NIC and USOF NE & Assam Schemes
ring-wise are:
Ring for Itanagar, Ziro, Daporijo, Along, Pasghat, Roing, Tezu has following new sections
as Along Pangin (75 km), Pasighat - Dambuk (58 km)& Tezu - Parsuram Kund (45 km)
Ring for Changlang & Khonsa DHQs has new sections as: Margherita - Namtok (19 km),
Chnaglong - Khonsa (117 km) and Khonsa- Deomali (46 km) .
Ring for Seppa DHQs has new sections as : Nirjuli - Pakke keshang (102 km) , Seppa _
Bhalukpong (T point) (125 km), Bhalukpong Chariduar (31km)
DWDM rings as per the methodology explained in previous chapter under Backhaul
equipment planning.
68 | P a g e
Table 8A: Arunachal Pradesh State to District OFC Rings
1 Itanagar - Ziro Daporijo - Along pasighat - roing Tezu - Tinsukia Dibrugarh - Jorhat Tezpur - Itanagar
2 Itanagar - Ziro Daporijo - Along pasighat-Jonai Dhemaji - North

lakhimpur - Nirjuli Itanagar
7 Itanagar
, Ziro,
Daporij,
Along,
Pasigha,
Roing,
Tezu
5 Itanagar
,
Ziro,Dap
orijo,
Along,P
asighat
option
1
Opt 2
Along Pangin
75 km
Pasight-Pangin covered in
USOF NE
Pasighat Dambuk
58 km
Dambuk - Roing covered in

USOF NE
Tezu Parsuram
Kund
Along Pangin
45 km
Parsuram Kund - Namsai

existing
covered
above
ArunachalState to
District (TSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route Redundancy
Name of Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
Arunachal Pradesh State to District Ring Analysis
ARSD -1
ARSD-2
69 | P a g e
3 Tinsukia- Margherita
- Namtok Changlang - Khonsa
- Deomali Naharkatia Tinsukia
2 Changla
ng ,
Khonsa
Opt 1
Margherita Namtok
19 km
Chnaglong Khonsa
KhonsaDeomali
117 km
Tinsukia - Margherita covered

in Assam and existing and the
section Changlang to Namtok
is subsidized in USOF NE
scheme, Namtok is SDHQ of
Changlang
46km
Tinsukia - Naharkatia-Deomali
exists on BSNL.
ArunachalState to
District (TSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route Redundancy
Name of Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
ARSD-3
4 Roing to Anini
1 Anini
Opt 1
Roing
to
Anini
Rail
Tel
USOF
NE
scheme
Roing to
Anini
TRAI
Rep
ort
204km.
Assuming Railtel will lay fiber

undreground under USF NE,
Aerial fiber is suggested as an
alternat epath (aerial fiber km
is subject to field survey)
ARSD- 4
5 Tezu - Hawai
1 Hawai
Opt 1
Tezu
Hawa
i
Rail
Tel
USOF
NE
scheme
Tezu Hawai
TRAI
Rep
ort
161km.

ARSD- 4
70 | P a g e
ArunachalState to
District (TSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Operator
Existing Section
Route Redundancy
Name of Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.

6 Along - Yingkiong
7 Ziro - Koloriang
1 Yingkion
g
1 Kolorian
g
Opt 1
Opt 1
Ziro Kolori
ang
Rail
Tel
Along Yingkiong
Goo
gle
eart
h
110 km.
Along Yingkiong
TRAI
Rep
ort
110 km.
USOF
NE
scheme
ARSD- 4
Because of single road is

there both U/g & aerial is
suggested. Aerial length is
subject to field survey.
Subsidized in USF NE Scheme
in Lower Subansiri District.
Ziro Koloriang
TRAI
Rep
ort
164 km.
ARSD- 4

71 | P a g e
9 Bhalukpong Bomdila- Dirang Jang -Tawang
2 Bomdila
,
Tawang
option
1
Nirjuli Pakke
keshang
102 km
Pakke
kesha
ng Sepp
a
Chari
duar
Tezp
ur Itana
gar
Rail
Tel
USOF
NE
scheme
Seppa _
Bhalukpong
(T point)
125 km
BS
NL
TRAI,
USOF
Assam
Bhalukpong
Chariduar
31km
cove
red
abov
e
ArunachalState to
District (TSD Ring)
TRAI
Remarks
BS
NL
Length
Itana
gar Nirjul
i
Chariduar Bhalukpong
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Opt 1
Existing Section
Route Redundancy
Name of Districts
1 Seppa
Operator
8 Itanagar - Nirjuli Pakkekeshang Seppa - Bhalukpong

- Chariduar - Tezpur
-Itanagar
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
ARSD 5
ARSD 5
72 | P a g e
Rail
Tel
USOF
NE
Scheme
Rail
Tel
USOF
NE
Scheme
Dirang -Jang
ArunachalState to
District (TSD Ring)
Remarks
Length
Reference
New Sections
Reference
Bhalu
kpon
gBomd
ilaDiran
g
Jang Tawa
ng
Operator
Existing Section
Route Redundancy
Name of Districts
No. of district
Ring
Ring No.
107 km
73 | P a g e
TABLE 8B:Arunachal Pradesh State to District Equipment Planning
Ring
No.
From
To
Existing
OFC
Distance
(KM)
New
OFC
(KM)
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
Equipment
Required
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operat
or
OA
DXC
112
Itanagar
Ziro
Daporijo -
Ziro
Daporijo Along -
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
159
147
75
ARSD 1
Along Panign
Panign
pasighat -
Dambuk
roing Tezu -
24.6
68.2
10
10
DXC at Itanagar,
Bhalukpong, Along,
Passighat, Tezpur and
Tinsukia
New
RailTel
Along -Panign (new

75km.) & Panign Pasighat (covered in
USF NE
New
RailTel
BSNL
Pasighat - Dambuk
(New 58 km.),
Dambuk - Roing
(coverd in USF NE)
U/g
19.5
58
pasighat Dambuk
roing -
10
Remarks
U/g
74 | P a g e
Ring
No.
From
To
Existing
OFC
Distance
(KM)
New
OFC
(KM)
45
Tezu Parsuram
Kund
Tinsukia Dibrugarh Jorhat
tezpur
Itanagar Ziro
Daporijo ARSD 2
Along pasighatJonai
Dhemaji North
lakhimpur -
Parsuram
Kund
Tinsukia Dibrugarh Jorhat
tezpur
Itanagar
Ziro
Daporijo Along pasighatJonai
Dhemaji North
lakhimpur
Nirjuli -
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
10
Equipment
Required
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
Operat
or
83.5
139
167
166
112
159
147
94.5
35.9
101
195
41.3
DXC
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
BSNL
New,
RailTel
BSNL
BSNL
Remarks
Tezu -Parsuram Kund

(New 45 km.) &
Parsuram Kund Namsai-Tinsukia via
DumDuma (BSNL
Existing)
U/g
New
64
OA
2
1
BSNL
BSNL
75 | P a g e
Ring
No.
ARSD 3
ARSD 4
ARSD 4
ARSD 4
ARSD 4
ARSD 5
From
To
Nirjuli TinsukiaMargherita Namtok Changlang Khonsa Deomali Naharkatia -
Itanagar
Margherita Namtok Changlang Khonsa Deomali Naharkatia Tinsukia
Roing
Anini
Tezu -
Hawai
Along -
Yingkiong
Ziro Itanagar -
Koloriang
Nirjuli Pakke
keshang
Nirjuli Pakke
keshang
Seppa -
Seppa Bhalukpong
-
Existing
OFC
Distance
(KM)
New
OFC
(KM)
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
U/g or
Aerial
21.2
63.3
19
10
U/g
117
46
10
10
U/g
U/g
26.8
21.2
70.4
204
204
Aerial
161
161
Aerial
220
U/G and
aerial
164
Aerial
164
21.2
102
10
91.5
U/G
U/g
125
10
Equipment
Required
OFC
U/g
Operat
or
BSNL
BSNL
New
Railtel
New
New
BSNL
BSNL
RailTel,
New
RailTel,
New
OA
Remarks
DXC
1
1
2
1
Note 1
Note 1
New
RailTel,
New
BSNL
Note 2
3
1
Note 1
Note 1
New
Railtel
New
1
76 | P a g e
Ring
No.
ARSD 5
From
Bhalukpong
Chariduar Tezpur Bhalukpong
BomdilaDirang Jang -
To
Chariduar Tezpur Itanagar

BomdilaDirang Jang Tawang
Total
Existing
OFC
Distance
(KM)
New
OFC
(KM)
Provisio
n InterOperato
r&
coiling
etc
31
10
U/g or
Aerial
U/g
26.5
163
98.3
Operat
or
New
BSNL
BSNL
Railtel
Railtel
33.6
96
3297.5
Equipment
Required
OFC
107
10
1474
110
U/g
New
Railtel
OA
DXC
Remarks
OA(2 in new & 1 at

jang)
3
39
Note 1
Note 2
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
16
6
10
39
77 | P a g e
Sikkim
The Sikkim state has 4 districts viz. North, South, East and West Sikkim with
headquarters at Mangan, Namchi, Gangtok & Geyzing respectively. Gangtok is the state
capital. The updated data of underground fiber in Sikkim is not readily available. As per
TRAI report, the new fiber required is between Mangan to Geyshing (115km) and the
ring is formed connecting all the four districts Gangtok Namchi Geyshing Mangan
Gangtok. The same is considered for CAPEX estimation here.
The equipment planning capacity is done for the ring above with one DXC proposed at
Gangtok, 3 Optical Add Drop Multiplexers (OADMs) at the rest of three headquarters,
and 2 (Optical Amplifiers) OAs at the new fiber route (repeater distance 40 km. taken ).
78 | P a g e
Sikkim State to District Ring
Ring No.
SSD 1
No. of DHQs
No. of DXC
No. of OADM
No. of OA
From
To
Existing
OFC
New
OFC
(km)
Provision
InterOperator
& coiling
etc
OFC
U/g or
Aerial
64
Operator Reference
Gangtok
Mangan
BSNL
Mangan
Geyzing
Geyzing
Namchi
60
BSNL
Namchi
Gangtok
76
200
BSNL
Total
115
115
10
10
U/g
New
TRAI
Report
TRAI
Report
TRAI
Report
TRAI
Report
Equipment
Required
OA
DXC
Remarks
1
2
4
1 DXC at Gangtok
3
2
79 | P a g e
Details of Operator Fiber km. Existing & New

New Fiber (km.)
S.No
.
State
No.of
distric
ts
u/g
BSNL
Dam
aged
Aerial
Assam
27
158
70
2
3
4
5
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Tripura
Manipur
11
8
8
9
123
265
76
170.7
0
382
0
0
Nagaland
11
124
7
8
Arunachal
Sikkim
16
4
945
125
Total
94
1986.7
100
30
0
639
0
130
1091
Existing Operator Fiber (km.)

RailTel
Fiber
(to be
laid
under
RailTel
USF
PGCI
BSNL
Existing NE)
L
3533.
6
39
1787.
5
127
95.8
306.1
974.1
673.2
165
807.7
168.8
1679.
3
225.2
2283.
7
- 1013.8
200
5950
2673.9
Total
Fiber
(km.)
3800.6
2133.3
2027.2
914.2
1147.2
2058.5
4881.5
325
95.8 11,927
Recommendation for North East - State To District Ring Connectivity

The analysis of state to district rings in the six NE state and Sikkim shows that mostly fiber
exists on BSNL and the rest of the sections are already funded in the USOF NE project. Some
key sections are also available on PGCIL OPGW network as given in tables above. The fiber
funded under USOF NE project is however subject to rollout completion by RailTel. To
provide the bandwidth availability at nominal rates for state to district ring connectivity in
subsidy may be provided and one of the following approach may be taken:
The existing dominant operators BSNL,RailTel and PGCIL are provided additional subsidy
on their existing sections and for new fiber and mandate the bandwidth lease at lower
tariff. The incumbent operators may sign an agreement among themselves so as make
use of the existing fiber of each other (fiber swapping / bandwidth swaping).
The factor of lease on entire existing fiber on IRU basis may be taken and including the
new fiber laying cost while calculating the subsidy and provided through tender to any
operator who provides bandwidth from state to district at reduced tariff as prescribed in
the tender. This will ensure a level playing field for all operators.
80 | P a g e
4.10 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE

North East region has generally tough terrain and subject to problems of landslide
fiber cut, and some remote places are naxal and insurgency prone area. Therefore
option for laying aerial OFC either on OPGW or ADSS based technology has to be
explored. Though per KM cost for OPGW cable is Rs 3 lakh, ADSS cable is Rs 5 lakh
and underground OFC rate varies from section to section depending on soil (rocky,
soft & hard) in NER, however, for budgetary investment requirement an average cost
of Rs 8 lakh per KM is taken. It does not include RoW, as it varies from state to state.
The estimated cost in the table below is the new fiber required to complete physical
rings required between state to state and state to district less the existing fiber
available as per NIC and TRAI report and the sections where subsidy is already
provided through USOF Assam & NE schemes for District to Sub district connectivity.
The actual requirement of Underground OFC or OPGW or ADSS cable can be
assessed only after a detailed field survey.
New OFC (km.)
OFC Cost (RS)
Sl. No.
State
No. of
Districts
U/g
Assam
27
158
70
Meghalaya
11
123
Mizoram
265
Tripura
76
Manipur
171
Nagaland
11
124
Arunachal
16
945
639
Sikkim
125
Total
94
1987
BSNL
Damaged
100
30
130
aerial
382
1091
Total Cost (Rs)
u/g
aerial
12.64
5.60
18.24
9.84
0.00
9.84
29.20
30.56
59.76
6.08
0.00
6.08
13.66
0.00
13.66
12.32
0.00
12.32
75.60
51.12
126.72
10.00
0.00
10.00
169.34
87.28
256.62
Note: The OFC laying cost Rs. 8 lakhs per km taken is a budgetary cost. Although the
supply cost of 24F OFC is approximately Rs. 48,000 per km but the commissioning
cost varies depending on the terrain and ROW. Hence due to difficult terrain the
supply plus commissioning cost of OFC is taken as Rs. 8 lakhs per km excluding RoW
charges. The above cost includes all taxes and duties except Octroi and local taxes.
81 | P a g e
Equipment Summary
Equipment
Quantity
Sl. No.
State
Assam
24
Meghalaya
Mizoram
OADM
DXC
2,500,000
36,000,000
30,000,000
68,500,000
10
3,500,000
15,000,000
10,000,000
28,500,000
18
9,000,000
6,000,000
40,000,000
55,000,000
Tripura
3,000,000
6,000,000
40,000,000
49,000,000
Manipur
3,500,000
12,000,000
10,000,000
25,500,000
Nagaland
2,000,000
10,500,000
40,000,000
52,500,000
Arunachal
39
10
19,500,000
15,000,000
60,000,000
94,500,000
Sikkim
1,000,000
4,500,000
10,000,000
15,500,000
Total
88
73
21
44,000,000
109,500,000
210,000,000
363,500,000
In Rs
500,000
1,500,000
DXC
Notes:
10,000,000
OADM DXC
Total Cost
(Rs)
OA
Unit Costs
OA
OADM
OA
Equipment Cost (RS)

Total Cost
(in Rs
Crores)
6.85
2.85
5.50
4.90
2.55
5.25
9.45
1.55
38.90
82 | P a g e
For OADM cost, it is assumed that 40 lambda ROADM costs around $ 11000 i.e. approx 7 lakh plus for dropping/adding 2 lambdas, 4 transponders are required.
The cost of each transponder is approx 1.5 lakh. Hence we assume a total cost of 15 lakh for 1 OADM for budgetary purpose. Actual cost shall be arrived
through tender process. Optical Amplifier shall wok as a regenerator and it is deployed at stations where distance between two OADMs has exceeded 40 Km.
The budgetary cost is taken as 5 lakh per OA. Digital Cross Connect (DXC) is assumed to be of 40 lambda capacity. The functionality includes OADM and Inter
district ring traffic routing. Cost is taken as Rs 1 Crore per DXC as budgetary estimate. All the above costs are inclusive of taxes and duties except Octroi and
local taxes.
83 | P a g e
4.11 OPERATING EXPENDITURE

Successful telecom business is very much about keeping operation and maintenance
costs low. Depending on network design, the maintenance and operations can be
more complex, more labor intensive, more prone to human mistakes and therefore
more costly.
With the robust growth of SDH worldwide, many O&M issues have arisen. In
particular, commissioning and maintenance of equipment is a critical issue.
Maintenance involves routine maintenance and fault locating.
4. 11.1 Operating Expenses

The operating costs depend upon the organization structure and the nature of work
carried out. The operation and maintenance has been organized under two main
heads namely Establishment & Manpower. The establishment head includes the
below listed items:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Office Rent/ Lease.

Electricity
Security
General Maintenance, Water Charges, cleaning, Miscellaneous, Staff Welfare
etc.
Telephone, Fax, Internet, Conferencing
Bandwidth costs for Office Operation incl. NOC
Stationary , postage etc
Vehicle
4.11.2 O&M manpower
O&M teams and their functions

The O&M office will administrate number of equipment and OFC maintenance
teams. O&M implies following functions/activities:
Preventive maintenance
Breakdown maintenance
Configuration/ re-configuration/ upgradation/ expansion
Arranging for shipping of defective equipment for repair
Arranging to up keep test and measuring equipment, their repair and
calibration
Periodic functional and electrical testing as required
The O&M team personnel shall also supervise and carry out acceptance testing
in rollout phase. The strategy should be for commercial utilization to begin as
84 | P a g e
soon as parts of networks are rolled out. This requires advance planning with
industry, stake-holders, and potential customers and initiate soft launch which
means running live traffic and services without charging and helps to de-bug the
equipment and processes and builds up customer confidence.
OFC team composition
The planning of OFC teams is done on basis of approximately 250 km OFC spread
per maintenance team.
Planning for 4 hour or 6 hour average restoration time in rural areas would
mean very high cost of operating expenses and about 12 hour typical restoration
time would be economically possible comprising of average 6 to 8 hour
travelling time and 4 hour splicing time subject to weather conditions and other
logistics. 6 to 8 hour travelling time implies travelling distance of 240 km approx.
Therefore Splicing technicians are planned, each supported by two semi-skilled
workmen for cable handling etc. Based on above discussion total personnel
proposed are:
Splicer 1
Workmen 2
Equipment team composition
The equipment team planning is economically done on basis of 1 team per state.
This distance is not too much considering that NOC can also do many control,
monitoring and configuration functions.
Each team will be responsible for the assigned state head quarter and the all the
districts headquarters of the state including the ring configuration.
For routine maintenance at SDH node like battery up keep, attending to power
supply faults, minor intervention in equipment it is proposed to have one
engineer/team.
Based on above the total personnel proposed are:
Dy. M/ A.M. (SDH) 1 for a state
Engineer (Diploma) - 2
Technician
85 | P a g e
Eqpt. O&M Cost/ per team
No. Item
Unit
Team Description:
Team for Eqpt. configuration, bandwidth provisioning end-end-end basis for customer traffic,
eqpt. O&M procedures, periodical testing, battery + power plant + earth system O&M
procedures, supporting customer in technical interconnections, maintaining SLA
Qty. per
team
Unit
per
budgetary
year
Cost
Cost / Year
Manpower:
1.1
1.2
Manmonth 12
Manmonth 12
80,000
15,000
Engineer (1 per team)

Regular Helper
Sub-total
Vehicle
2.1
New Vehicle net of resale cost (5 yr. period)
set
0.2
450,000
2.2
Fuel Liters (diesel) provision for 100 Km per day and 10 Km per liter i.e. 10 liter per day
equivalent to 10x30x12 = 3600 liter
Liter
3600
70
252,000
15,000
100,000
180,000
622,000
2.3
2.4
Maintenance cost provision averaged over a year incl. Spares

Driver
Sub-total
Total O&M cost excluding cost of test instruments)
set
Manmonth 12
960,000
180,000
1,140,000
90,000
1,762,000
86 | P a g e
ESTIMATED ANNUAL OFC MAINTENANCE COST PER TEAM
No. Item
Unit
Team Description:
Team for OFC preventive and breakdown maintenance regular route
patrolling fully equipped with vehicle, splicing machine, OTDR,
consumables, spare joint boxes and interruption cables, FO tool box and
other accessories required.
Qty.
per
team
per
year
Unit
budgetary
Cost
Cost / Year
Manpower:
1.1
Engineer splicer
Manmonth
12
80,000
960,000
1.2
1.3
Manmonth
Mandays
24
100
15,000
500
360,000
50,000
1,370,000
2
2.1
Regular Helper (semi skilled work men)

Casual Labour for route works during maintenance
Sub-total
Vehicle
New Splicing Vehicle net of resale cost (5 yr. period)
set
0.2
500,000
100,000
2.2
2.3
Fuel Litres (diesel) provision for 150 Km per day and 10 Km per liter i.e. 15
litre per day equivalent to 15x30x12 = 5400 liter
Liter
Maintenance cost provision averaged over a year incl. Spares
set
5400
70
378,000
100,000
Manmonth
12
15,000
180,000
758,000
set
set
0.2
0.2
500,000
400,000
100,000
80,000
2.4
3
3.1
3.2
Driver
Sub-total
Tools and instrument
New Splicing machine cost divided over 5 yrs. period
New OTDR cost divided over 5 yrs. period
87 | P a g e
3.3
3.4
3.5
4
4.1
4.2
Splicing consummable per month

F.O. Tool Box cost divided over 5 yr. period
Miscellaneous accessories cost divided over 5 yrs. Period
Sub-total
Spares
Spare Joint boxes
OFC (for maintenance work)
Total direct cost per fully equipped team
set
set
set
12
0.2
0.2
200
150,000
5,000
no.
Km
10
0
3,000
2,400
30,000
1,000
213,400
30,000
2,371,400
Recommendation on OPEX
The costs given above for OFC & Equipment maintenance team are per team annual costs. Since the new OFC planned in transmission media is
sparsely spread and is not on a continuous stretch, a separate team provisioning for maintenance of the same shall be uneconomical. In most
of the cases the dominant operator in a state shall be rolling out the incremental OFC and the existing O&M team and resources shall suffice
for the maintenance of the incremental part. The O&M costs being high in North Eastern States, adequate provisioning of this may be
considered while calculating thesubsidy component.
However, BSNL and RailTelunder USOF Assam & NE projects have already been allotted subsidy which has considered the high OPEX costs.
Therefore this shall cover the state to state & State to district portion also. As same fiber & equipment maintenance team may be used to
maintain the infrastructure.
88 | P a g e
5. COVERAGE FOR UNCOVERED NATIONAL HIGHWAYS (NH) OF NORTH

EAST STATES OF INDIA
5.1 Introduction:
Based on the TRAI Recommendations dated Sep 2013, in this chapter analysis is done for
providing 2G Coverage for uncovered NH of NE states which include Assam, Meghalaya,
Manipur, Nagaland, Tripura, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh. The state, Sikkim was also
considered for arriving at the CAPEX for the same.
The NH network in the above mentioned states is of 8480 Km in length (Reference Ministry
of Development of North Eastern Region; http://www.mdoner.gov.in/content/nationalhighways). As per data available at NIC it is found that 1272 Km of the Highways has no 2G
coverage which is 15% of 8480 Km of highway. The NH no. 229 of 1090 Km length in
Arunachal Pradesh could not be located in the NIC database hence extrapolated
considering 3 Km per BTS with the assumption based on 50% area uncovered as per TRAI
report. The state wise detail of uncovered NH is given below in tabular format.
Table: 5.1
S.No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NH
31
31-A
31-B
31-C
36
36
37
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
37
37-A
38
39
39
39
40
44
44
44
State
Assam
Sikkim
Assam
Assam
Assam
Nagaland
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Assam
Assam
Nagaland
Manipur
Meghalaya
Assam
Tripura
Meghalaya
Total
Length in
Km
322
62
19
93
167
3
680
Uncovered
Length in
Km
0
4
0
0
36
0
2
60
23
54
115
110
211
216
111
335
277
0
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
20
6
No. of
Uncovered
BTS
Length in % required
0.00
0.00
6.45
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
21.56
6.00
0.00
0.00
0.29
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.35
5.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.97
2.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
5.00
2.00
89 | P a g e
S.No.
18
19
20
21
22
NH
44-A
44-A
51
51
52
23
24
52
52-A
25
26
52-A
52-B
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
52-B
53
53
54
54
54-A
54-B
61
61
62
62
150
150
150
151
152
153
44
45
46
47
48
153
154
154
155
155
49
229
State
Tripura
Mizoram
Assam
Meghalaya
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Manipur
Assam
Mizoram
Mizoram
Mizoram
Assam
Nagaland
Assam
Meghalaya
Nagaland
Manipur
Mizoram
Assam
Assam
Assam
Arunachal
Pradesh
Assam
Mizoram
Nagaland
Manipur
Arunachal
Pradesh
Total
Length in
Km
65
165
22
127
540
Uncovered
Length in
Km
8
16
0
0
5
No. of
Uncovered
BTS
Length in % required
12.31
1.00
9.70
2.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.93
1.00
310
15
44
0
14.19
0.00
9.00
0.00
42
31
0
13
0.00
41.94
0.00
3.00
450
100
220
335
515
9
27
20
220
5
190
36
523
141
14
40
20
0
0
97
70
22
0
8
0
62
0
34
8
114
8
0
0
0
0.00
0.00
44.09
20.90
4.27
0.00
29.63
0.00
28.18
0.00
17.89
22.22
21.80
5.67
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16.00
11.00
4.00
0.00
2.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
7.00
1.00
18.00
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
40
110
70
125
5
8
0
20
111
0
20.00
0.00
28.57
88.80
0.00
1.00
0.00
3.00
17.00
0.00
1090
8480
545
1272
50
15.00
109
233
90 | P a g e
It is mandated by TRAI that there be complete 2G coverage on the National Highway network of
the above states in North Eastern region. Bench marking of BTS requirement along with its
capacity and infrastructure cost has been studied and reported below. GSM was taken for study
as the same is wide spread in NE area however the TSPs can use CDMA technology also.
5.2 Assumptions:
The assumptions used to arrive at the CAPEX required for providing the NH 2G coverage are as
given below,
a.) Requirement of BTS are calculated irrespective of any particular operator.
b.) Though coverage are to be given on Highways but keeping in mind the topography of
North east area Highways were treated as dense forest and hilly areas where line of
sight is limited to maximum of 3.25 Km on the Highways.
c.) Cost of Land is not considered as it is understood that land will be provided by state
government.
5.3 References:
The reference documents used are,
a.) TRAI recommendations dated Sep 2013.
b.) Report on USOF scheme for uncovered villages and National Highways.
c.) The current 2G infra-structure data of various service providers available on NIC GIS
system.
d.) Cost Reference: Vendor costs, Ministry of Renewable energy and BSNL tender No
CA/NOW-CM/LWE-BSS/T-445 for setting up of 2G infrastructure.
5.4 Methodology:
The GIS data was studied and analyzed and based on design guidelines the numbers of site
were arrived at.
BSS planning
While planning low power BTS (micro BTS) were consider as power requirement is the key
factor for areas without grid power. BTS was categorized as per coverage and population
followed by antenna height and wattage rating of TRX. Limitation of DOT for maximum
radiation of 43 dBm was taken care and thus distance was limited to 3.25 KM (each side) at
maximum in the topography of North East was the main constraint for small distance coverage.
For radio propagation calculation Okumura-Hata model (GM 900MHz) of dense forest and
inside the vehicle signal strength was considered. Other parameters were taken as standards
followed for link budget calculation. In cases where backhaul on microwave is required, to get
91 | P a g e
Line of sight (LOS) the tower location need to be shifted away from the target population. The
minimum TRX power of 5 Watt is taken in such cases as against the ideal need of 2Watt TRX
power, so as to cover the village even from a distance. The actual survey shall decide the TRX
power and where ever possible TRX power radiation may be reduced below 5 watt so as to
avoid unnecessary radio radiation. For all types of BTS, nos. of TRX was calculated keeping
GPRS/EDGE provision of at least 128 Kbps. Below given are the BTS categories with respect to
Antenna height and TRX watt rating. For deriving required TRX value for a particular site
following are assumed.
1.
2.
3.
4.
GoS (Grade of Service) = 2%.

Call rate= 100 calls per hour in TCBH.
Erlang required= average of 25 milli Erlang per call.
Erlang table B used for channel calculation.
Table-5.2
S. No.
BTS Type
No. of TRX
Define
TRX Watt-
Coverage in km Km for
Rounded off
Antenna- 30 meter
10
3.25
Note: The above categories are derived using Okumura-Hata radio propagation model for
900MHz GSM considering Dense forest, considering actual design criteria.
For BSC planning micro BSCs ware considered for lesser power requirement and portable size.
Such BSCs have upto 50 TRX capacity and can be easily commissioned at remote sites like NE
area. Cost of BSC along with its power requirement have been build up on BTS cost on per TRX
basis. Similarly cost of OMC-R is also build upon BTS cost. There is no need for a separate NOC
to be established.
Table-5.3
S. No.
BTS Type
Numbers of BTS
Numbers of BSC (50 TRX

capacity)
144
89
92 | P a g e
Antenna requirement are to be decided after site finalization. Hence in all the above BTS types
antenna may be Omni, Directional or Sectorial type depending on the tower location. Such
design can be implemented by using splitters as required. Site survey along with feasibility
study will decide the exact tower location which in return will decide the actual antenna height
and required TRX radiation power. Issues like land acquisition, statutory permissions, views of
inhabitants will also influence for site location feasibility study.
Back haul channel
Back haul channel requirements have also been shown in analysis result. As TRX requirement is
limited to 4 nos. at a site, hence dedicated E1 connectivity is not recommended for a single site.
Moreover on highways E1 is available in plenty hence connectivity of BTS with nearby BSC will
not be a problem. Also it is found that absence of any operators 2G services is not more than a
25Km in a single stretch. Hence only the last mile optical cable laying may be required. Thus in
cost estimate we have taken cost of one splicing point and 1 KM of optical cable laying, so as to
reach the nearest POP.
Power calculation
Power calculation was made based on Battery (with 3 days autonomy), Solar and Diesel
Generator set. Use of Renewable Energy Technology (RET) Solar is taken as mandatory at all
locations. In India the annual global solar radiation is about 5 KWh/ sqm per day with about
2300-3200 sun-shine hours per year. Solar radiations represent the earths most abundant
energy source. The perennial source of solar energy provides unlimited supply, has no negative
impact on the environment. The solar photovoltaic (PV) modules convert solar radiation from
the sun into electrical energy in the form of direct current (DC). Converting solar energy into
electricity is the answer to the mounting power problems in the rural areas especially for
remote areas of North East region of India. Solar Photovoltaic Cells (SPV) system gives quality
power out-put of 48 volt DC to charge directly the storage battery or provide direct power to
telecom installations. BTS will be powered through battery and the charging of the battery will
be made with a combination of both Solar and DG set, solar being the first preference. It is
recommended to use Tubular GEL VRLA batteries as they provide better performance under the
partial state of charge having slow rate of discharge performance ideally suits rural applications.
To make auto switching and load shearing cost of Charge Control Unit (CCU) with inbuilt SMPS
Rectifier, Solar Junction Box, Remote Monitoring and cable cost (both AC/DC) were taken.
Below table shows power requirement based on BTS types:
93 | P a g e
Table: 5.4 Power Requirements Based On BTS Types
S.
No.
BTS Type
TRX Power
ratting
BTS
Wattage
BatterySingle unit
Solar
powerSingle Unit
DG SetSingle Unit
AH
Watt
KVA
150
417
1333
0.69
10
200
521
1667
0.87
Infrastructure
Under infrastructure category Tower are all considered to be Mast/ Pole tower of 30 meters.
For hilly area of North East region erection of angular tower are time consuming and difficult
job. In most of the cases the effective tower height will depend on the tower construction site
altitude with respect to the target area to be covered. For costing purpose angular tower was
consider in comparison to tubular tower as the same is more rigid and suitable for hilly areas.
Its recommended that tower design should be based on TEC GRs or as per design approved
from an organization like Structural Engineering Research Centre (SERC)/ TEC/ IITs for structural
fitness, safety, load bearing capacity, ability to withstand wind speed etc. along with antenna
cost, cost of shelter along with fencing cost was consider for calculation of overall
infrastructure cost.
Other cost like transportation, Commissioning and Installation cost was also included in the
CAPEX estimation.
System configuration
The system uses centralized power plant, battery bank, SPV and diesel generator set. All these
are centrally controlled by a Charge Control Unit (CCU) for optimal powering utilization of
systems and charging of the battery bank. The CCU ensures smooth operation of the overall
powering arrangement without any manual intervention. Its design will ensure optimal energy
transfer from the SPV system using MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) technique and
automatic switching on/off of DG set on the basis of battery charge condition. For design
purpose, Depth of Discharge (DoD) for the battery is taken as 80% of its capacity and the DG set
is consider to trigger only when battery is discharged below 40% of its capacity. Such
combination will make optimum uses of diesel and hence cost saving along with lower level of
pollution is taken care off.
94 | P a g e
A schematic diagram of system design:
SMP
S
GEN
BATTER
Y BANK
CCU
BTS
Sol
ar
Jun
ctio
n
Box
Solar
Photo
Voltaic
(SPV)
Module
5.5 BTS Cost Details

Bellow given cost components per site. The components are divided in to five category.
1. BTS with antenna, feeder cable and BSC with OMC-R
2. Power
Battery (3 days Autonomy)
Solar (6 hrs. sunshine)
Diesel Generator
3. Tower (30 meter)
4. Backhaul (OFC)
5. Miscellaneous Items like Transportation, Site preparation, Installation etc
Table: 5.5 Cost Break Up

Description
BTS conf.
BTS Category
BTS with Antenna along with BSC & OMC-R
Cost in INR
Cost in INR
2 of 5 watt
A
2 of 10 watt
B
350,000
455,000
95 | P a g e
Description
Cost in INR
Cost in INR
2 of 5 watt
2 of 10 watt
Battery with Racks, connector and other

accessories
330, 000
375,000
Solar power system with civil works,

Racks, connector and other accessories
400,000
520,000
Charge Control unit (CCU)
300,000
500,000
DG Set (For emergency charging)
100,000
150,000
Cost in INR
Cost in INR
2 of 5 watt
2 of 10 watt
650,000
900,000
800000
800000
Cost in INR
Cost in INR
2 of 5 watt
2 of 10 watt
100,000
200,000
200,000
250,000
250,000
325,000
Commissioning & Installation
200,000
250,000
Any other items
100,000
100,000
BTS conf.
BTS Category
Power
Description
BTS conf.
BTS Category
Tower
Mast/ Pole (SERC Approved Design)
erecting with all civil works
Back haul Cost
OFC per KM with one splicing joint for 1
Km
Description for miscellaneous items

BTS conf.
BTS Category
Cables and accessories like AC/DC Cable+
Earthing+ HDPE PIPES
Shelter cost 10'x10' feet, fiber block
roofing, Fencing etc
Transportation
96 | P a g e
5.6
Result analysis:
Result of the highway 2G coverage study shows that a total of 233 nos. of BTS are
required for a complete 2G coverage on the national Highways of North east region.
Table- 5.6 Highway Details

S.No.
Latitude
Longitude BTS type
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
NH-155
26.715574
25.669597
26.411369
26.375695
26.211471
26.073418
25.976754
25.947586
25.869713
25.670663
25.681652
25.643576
26.310165
94.631463
94.105908
94.607263
94.574304
94.476101
94.536042
94.509938
94.488058
94.437512
94.229216
94.205010
94.164527
94.509362
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
25.558211
26.270678
26.259220
26.275764
26.271344
26.220381
26.179597
26.200142
26.190651
26.113394
26.043559
26.025348
26.009861
25.948819
25.618491
25.614844
94.310467
94.520853
94.556569
94.589364
94.635194
94.620603
94.814408
94.870048
94.899212
94.875786
94.887617
94.866734
94.843433
94.784488
94.504968
94.481597
NAGALAND
NH- 61
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
97 | P a g e
S.No.
Latitude
16
17
NH-150
25.592371
25.581049
25.664771
25.516722
25.522228
25.919229
25.520530
END POINT
NA
1
NH-39
1
NH-36
Longitude BTS type

94.429457
94.339473
94.193775
94.298526
94.324362
93.730024
94.132314
B
B
MANIPUR
NH-155
NH-39
1
NH-150
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
NH-53
NA
25.516306
24.251596
NA
25.501242
24.2387
25.482399
25.499395
25.459375
25.425879
25.387496
25.34467
25.289749
25.245168
25.178340
25.027647
24.342952
24.345112
24.313206
24.268679
24.261946
24.247073
24.243165
24.230953
24.807815
24.806911
24.789444
94.133488
94.299266
94.290853
93.026877
94.345298
94.391735
94.485784
94.513674
94.534569
94.534658
94.482604
94.453061
94.409332
94.315224
93.49483
93.430661
93.357706
93.230479
93.158679
93.133861
93.07532
93.039775
93.11565
93.933898
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
93.191929
A
A
A
98 | P a g e
S.No.
Latitude
Longitude BTS type
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
24.816757
24.795891
24.720016
24.764405
24.765809
24.756998
24.788723
24.849604
24.825948
24.813812
24.786426
24.787162
24.790115
93.245782
93.256981
93.263082
93.297788
93.366949
93.389096
93.459741
93.497806
93.522193
93.552753
93.697418
93.73375
93.770396
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
A
27.499303
27.174299
27.455633
88.534033
88.530006
88.527156
SIKKIM
NH-31A
1
ASSAM
NH-31,
31B,31C and
152
NH-52
1
NH-52B
1
2
3
NH-37
1
NH-39
1
NH-36
1
Full
Coverage
26.344631
27.840254
27.566324
27.488535
27.557486
27.518482
91.728645
95.221156
94.807196
94.91967
95.200677
94.984111
27.539217
95.093334
26.196037
27.85666
27.801066
26.630534
25.923767
26.580338
26.347361
25.904133
92.937044
90.562799
95.765027
95.665461
93.727232
93.731125
93.809158
92.684977
93.680758
26.13674
B
A
A
B
99 | P a g e
S.No.
2
3
4
5
16
NH-54
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
NH
151,44,154,37A,38,
51,53,61,52A,62,15
3
Latitude
Longitude BTS type
26.002664
93.318046
25.966028
25.958112
25.923226
26.111991
24.5216
25.868389
25.851397
25.828223
25.799171
25.696109
25.573052
25.417237
25.342986
93.497253
93.583098
93.626357
92.865145
92.76362
93.053627
93.086242
93.088645
93.132934
93.128272
93.09068
93.128468
93.134593
25.071314
92.892951
24.549958
92.774034
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
A
A
B
Full
Coverage
ARUNACHAL
PRADESH
NH-52
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
NH-153
1
27.870731
27.639032
95.30964
95.801003
28.20175
95.549143
28.180497
95.649912
28.131737
95.734946
27.99369
27.909907
27.772683
27.356884
27.247668
27.317689
95.94423
95.946049
95.979286
95.998439
96.152907
96.05384
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
100 | P a g e
S.No.
NH-37, 52A and
52B
Latitude
Longitude BTS type
Full
Coverage
TRIPURA
NH-44
1
2
3
4
5
NH-44A
1
MEGHALAYA
NH-51
NH-62
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
NH-44
1
2
NH-40
MIZORAM
NH-44A
1
2
NH-54
24.432164
23.034874
24.402517
92.248105
91.721462
92.240864
23.945081
91.957607
23.896513
91.765481
23.996952
23.828442
23.896217
91.993907
92.049031
92.003289
25.897416
25.204016
25.906588
25.251987
25.833805
25.721243
90.518933
90.227755
90.775118
90.632137
90.77935
90.822411
25.580916
90.72915
25.390483
90.680837
25.259075
25.515039
25.047189
90.642601
91.26678
92.441075
25.084508
92.418416
26.041368
25.440649
91.867722
92.196739
23.934599
23.754364
23.915062
23.892135
24.519931
22.313239
92.367956
92.728925
92.380443
92.576601
92.763053
93.026366
B
A
A
A
A
B
B
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
101 | P a g e
S.No.
Latitude
Longitude BTS type
1
2
3
4
NH-54A
22.894255
92.862649
22.396852
92.95899
B
A
A
B
22.397127 93.013451
22.907586 92.470421
22.85134 92.791104
NH-150
24.215581
92.54903
24.047185 92.670495
1
24.12733 92.613086
B
NH-154
24.232578 93.018491
23.734254 92.847331
1
24.22776 92.990954
B
2
24.151563 92.941877
B
3
23.936805
92.92737
B
NH-54B
22.466569 92.955412
22.487111 92.984337
1
22.470932
92.96668
A
2
22.490286 92.952482
A
Note: For NH no. 229 of 1090 Km in Arunachal Pradesh 50% is uncovered and for the same 109 BTS of
type A is considered.
The above table shows the National highways running in states of North East and the type of
BTSs required for seamless 2G coverage on the highways with the latitude & longitude details.
All highways are covered with BTS of two categories: A & B. The BTS details with its antenna
height, number of TRX and sector requirements is given in a table above. The cost reference
taken and break down item wise is shown below. As power supply is difficult to have at the
sites hence total power requirement is also shown in the table. Battery autonomy is taken for 3
days irrespective of BTS type. Capacity of battery was calculated made considering solar and
diesel generator set to be as backup for battery charging where solar charging will be given
priority over DG set. On an average sunshine was considered to be for 6 hours a day and the
Depth of Discharge (DoD) for the battery is taken as 80%. Battery when discharge below 40% of
its capacity will trigger the DG set provided that there is no solar charging available at that
moment. Such circuit design is possible through DCPDB board and automatic change over
switch.
Cost of sites with respect to BTS type and total number of BTS types is given below.
102 | P a g e
Solar
powerSingle Unit
DG SetSingle
Unit
1+1
150
144
417
1333
0.69
37.80
54.43
10
3.25
1+1
200
89
521
1667
0.87
48.25
42.94
BTS Wattage
No of TRX
BTS Type
S. No.
Total numbers of
BSC
BatterySingle unit
Total numbers of
BTS
km. for 30 meter

Antenna
WATT-Rounded off
Table- 5.7
AH
Watt
KVA
Unit
Cost of
Site in
Lakh
INR
Total Cost Estimate (In Rs. Crore)
Cost of
Site with
respect to
BTS Type
in Rs
crores
97.37
Total cost comes out to be INR 97.37 Crore for 233 no. of sites.
103 | P a g e
5.6
Key Observation:
It is observed that due to non availability of power source in remote areas of North East
highways the cost per site increases many folds. It may be observed that the cost of BTS
is only some 10% of site cost. The maximum of the cost is contributed by power system
having both solar and DG sets. Hence BTS power rating would be a key factor on the
overall budget estimation. It is suggested to go for low power micro BTS instead of
conventional BTS though it cost little higher. This in return will save more on the power
back up part and thus will be a better feasible solution for sites with very low return on
investment (ROI).
5.7
Recommendation
In addition to the CAPEX above, there is a huge recurring investment required to
maintain this infra structure in the form of Fiber and equipment maintenance. As the
North eastern Region has tough terrain and currently the tele-density is low, operators
do not see a lucrative business model or rate of return in this part of the country
because of the gap in huge investment of capital and operational expenses vis--vis the
revenue earned. Therefore there is a need to cover operating costs also; this will
encourage operators to provide keep providing services in NER.
The CAPEX as estimated above for the BTS deployment on uncovered highway may be
funded by USOF. This will encourage operators to establish infrastructure. As OPEX is
also very high in NER, the same can be factored by taking the net revenue (i.e. Revenue
OPEX) while calculating the subsidy. On an average OPEX per year is taken as 20% of
capex cost. Such cost includes AMC costs, manpower, drive test and optimization,
regular site maintenance, diesel etc cost. It is to mention in earlier schemes of USOF,
passive sharing of towers is mandated. However, as per current guidelines active sharing
of RAN is also allowed and the main advantage of this technology is the reduction in
CAPEX and OPEX as both active and passive component is shared by operators. The
subsidy calculation to fund the gap may consider this technology and mandate the
active sharing of RAN.
104 | P a g e
6. Annexure
Annexure I: Graphical Representation of Rings on Google Maps
Annexure II: Data of Existing OFC of Various Operators
Annexure III: Details of Fiber Km of TCIL & TRAI
105 | P a g e
Annexure III: Details of Fiber Km of TCIL & TRAI
S.No. State
TCIL OFC km.
TRAI OFC km.
158 (u/g)
70 (aerial)
902 km
Assam
CAPEX (Rs cr.)
25.09
Meghalaya
123 (u/g)
296
12.69
Tripura
76 (u/g)
45
10.98
Mizoram
382 (aerial)
743 (aerial)
265 (u/g)
460 (u/g)
100 (damaged)
4
Manipur
171 (u/g)
65.26
201 (u/g)
70 (microwave)
Nagaland
Arunachal
Pradesh
Sikkim
124 km(u/g)
329 (km)
30 km.
(damaged)
43km(microwave)
845 km. (u/g)
1724 km(u/g)
639 km(aerial)
Satellite on 6
links
125 km
Total
16.21
17.57
115 km
136.17
11.55
295.52
106 | P a g e

2014 02 21 DPR North East Highway 2G Project

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2014 02 21 DPR North East Highway 2G Project

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DETAILED PROJECT REPORT

TCIL Bhawan, Greater Kailash - I, New Delhi - 110 048.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................................................... 4

STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT................................................................................................................. 9

TELECOM SCENARIO IN NORTH EAST ................................................................................................. 10

The Bandwidth Bottle-Neck ........................................................................................................ 10

TRANSMISSION MEDIA PLAN.............................................................................................................. 16

Status of Existing USOF Schemes in North East .......................................................................... 16

Methodology of Incremental Fiber Requirement for Ring Completion: .................................... 17

Details of existing Optical Fiber infra-structure:......................................................................... 17

Backhaul Equipment Planning .................................................................................................... 18

North Eastern Region Connectivity with rest of India ................................................................19

State to State OFC Connectivity.................................................................................................. 20

Recommendation for State to State connectivity in North East ........................................................25

State to District Physical Ring Planning.......................................................................................26

CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ...............................................................................................................81

Back haul channel ................................................................................................................................... 93

BTS Cost Details...........................................................................................................................95

CAPEX for OFC

OFC Cost (Rs. Cr.)

CAPEX for Equipment

Equipment Cost (RS)

Equipment Cost (RS)

B. ESTIMATED CAPEX for 2G Highway

Total Cost Estimate (In Rs. Crore)

Based on the above following may be noted:

2. STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT

3. TELECOM SCENARIO IN NORTH EAST

The Bandwidth Bottle-Neck

Other Challenges in rolling out Telecom Network in North East

Active Infrastructure sharing

service providers based on mutual agreements entered amongst them. It is pertinent to

Labor cost/civil/ installation

Antenna & feeder

Others incl. power consumption

Government Teledensity outlook:

Pressure for cost reduction:

Entry of new players and expansion plans of existing operators:

4. TRANSMISSION MEDIA PLAN

Status of Existing USOF Schemes in North East

Gram BBNL Assam

Need for State to State & State To District transmission Network

Methodology of Incremental Fiber Requirement for Ring Completion:

Details of existing Optical Fiber infra-structure:

Backhaul Equipment Planning

North Eastern Region Connectivity with rest of India

State to State OFC Connectivity

Table 1: State to State Proposed Rings

Guwahati - Baihata Mangaldai - Rowt Dekhiajuli - Tejpur - Balipara

Guwahati - Baihata Mangaldai - Rowt Dekhiajuli - Tejpur - Balipara

Proposed new OFC

The CAPEX and km

BSNL is present from Guwahati

Proposed new OFC

Only a small section of

BSNL is available in entire

Proposed new OFC

Aizwal to Silchar: BSNL OFC

Guwahati - Rangia - Padhshala

Guwahati - Rangia Padhshala - Bongaigaon Coochbehar (WB) - Jalpaiguri

Gangtok - Melli - Siliguri Bongaigaon - Guwahati: PGCIL

OFC of OIL India is also

The referenced KML files are placed in Annexure-1

Recommendation for State to State connectivity in North East