1. Please tell me your nationality and country of residence.

Im citizen of the Republic of Turkey, and I live in Turkey.

2. Please state if you are a student pilot or, if you are a qualified pilot, please tell
me the type of license that you hold.
I am a qualified pilot and I hold an ATPL license.
3. Please tell me the total flight hour experience that you have.
I have totally three thousand and five hundred flight hours experience.
4. Tell me about an incident you have had while flying an aircraft, or any other
incident that you know about. You have 2 minutes to describe the incident.
It was early flying hours of my airline. We had 125 passengers on board. The
weather was so good. After we passed V1 speed we had a engine stall with flame
out. We kept to runway heading and climbed to minimum safe altitude with no
problem. After passed 400 feet we declared urgency and requested short radar
vector to final. We tried to restart engine two times but it didnt light. When we
reached the minimum safe altitude turned right to downwind and completed
emergency checklist. Then I informed the cabin crew and passengers. We landed
safely on main runway. That was the most critical incident experience (for me ) I have
ever had.
5. Please describe how you are preparing for a flight, within the time scale of 2
minutes.
I arrive the operation control centre (OCC) at least 2 hours before my flight. I get
a quick briefing about the weather conditions and flight plans. I determine the fuel
that will be used during the flight. Afterwards, I examine the destination airport
information, emergency procedures, and communication lost procedures. I also hold
a briefing with the cabin crew about the flight related to normal and abnormal
procedures.
6. MLOQWPCANRGFVSKUTJEXBIYDZH
7. 9

4.3 6000 8 5.4 104.195 190 700

8. 180

(one eight zero degrees)

FL 140

(flight level one four zero)

16 kt

(one six knots)

FL 230

(flight level two three zero)

QNH 1014

(QNH one zero one four)

Altitude 3500

(Altitude three thousand five hundred feet)

FL 100

(flight level one hundred)

Pilot message:
Sun City Approach, CPA18, I have intercepted Mayday from GBTEN, I say again GBTEN,
fire in the galley, leaving FL 210 for an emergency descent to FL 30, 10 miles North of
Tango1, heading to Alphaville for emergency landing.
9. Please explain in plain English the pilot's message.
CPA18 is relaying a distress call from GBTEN to ATC. GBTEN is experiencing fire in
the galley and heading to Alphaville for emergency landing.
10. Please give a possible reason why CPA18 is relaying the distress message to
Sun City Approach.
The Mayday call was not acknowledged by ATC. GBTEN is out of range of the ATC
or may be a radio failure.
Pilot message:
MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Sun City Approach, GBTEN, we have a fire in the
galley, we are leaving FL 210 for an emergency descent to FL 30, 10 miles North of
Tango 1, heading to Alphaville for emergency landing, please advise.
11. What is the emergency?
GBTEN have a fire in the galley.
12. What action is the commander of GBTEN taking?
GBTENs commander is leaving FL 210 for an emergency descent to FL30, heading
to Alphaville for emergency landing...

Pilot message:
MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, Sun City Approach, UPCXA, PA38, one engine shut down
and major fuel leak, request emergency landing and fire services, 10 miles North-West of
Sun City Airport, altitude 2000 feet, heading 140, PPL, 2 persons on board.

13. What is the emergency and what is the commander of PA38 requesting?
The emergency is engine shut down and major fuel leak and the commander of PA38 is
requesting an emergency landing and fire services...
14. What was the estimated position of the PA38 during the Mayday call?
The estimated position of the PA38 is 10 miles North-West of Sun City Airport, altitude
2000 feet, heading 140...

Pilot message:
Sun City Approach, CPA18, I have intercepted Mayday from UPCXA, I say again UPCXA,
PA38, one engine shut down and major fuel leak, requests emergency landing and fire
services, 12 miles North-West of Sun City Airport, altitude 2000 feet, heading 140, PPL, 2
persons on board.
15. Please explain in plain English the pilot's message.
CPA18 is intercepting a Mayday call from UPCXA, PA38 and relaying the distress
message. According to message, UPCXA, PA38 is experiencing engine failure and
major fuel leak and requesting emergency landing and fire services. UPCXA, PA38 is in
12 miles North-West of Sun City Airport, altitude 2000 feet, heading 140...
16. Please give a possible reason why CPA18 is relaying the distress message to
Sun City Appr
Because the Mayday call was not acknowledged by the ATC
the Mayday aircraft is out of range of the ATC

Pilot message:
PAN-PAN, PAN PAN, PAN PAN, Sun City Approach, UG209, 18nm East of Sun City
passenger with suspected heart attack, diverting to Sun City, FL 240 , heading 275 to Sun
City, request paramedic and ambulance on arrival.
17. What is the emergency and what is the commander of UG209 requesting?
There is a passenger with suspected heart attack and the commander of UG209 is
diverting to Sun City while requesting paramedic and ambulance on arrival...
18. What was the estimated position of UG209 during the urgency call?
The position is 18nm East of Sun City FL 240 , heading 275 to Sun City,
19. 407 continue for W9, contact the Tower on 118.1
Continue for W9, contact Tower 118.1, 407.
20. KLM 1627 after the Martinair 767 has passed behind push back approved.
Push back after the Martinair 767 has passed, KLM 1627.
21. AV 1014 climb FL60
Climb FL60, AV1014.
22. 1953 descent to FL 40
Descend FL40, 1953.

23. Air France 2040 turn left heading 020

Turn left heading 020, Air France 2040.
24. Iberia 3244 descend FL 40
Descend FL 40, Iberia 3244

25. KLM 73N at the end of Quebec give way to Air Lingus from the right then take
the second left W10.
Continue on Q, after Air Lingus have passed taxi to W10.
26. Jordanian 850 descend to 2500 ft QNH 1013.
Descend to 2500 ft, QNH 1013, Jordanian 850.
27. 95X contact 134.37
Contact 134.37, 95X

Pilot - ATC (live): The pilot asks the ATC if there is a known problem with the ILS runway
06. The ATC replies that they are working on the ILS but it should be CAT 1. The pilot
reports that there are intermittent signals on the ILS and sometimes it disappears
completely, but the ident is stable.
28. Please explain the problem.
There are intermittent signals on the ILS and sometimes it disappears completely but
the ident is stable.

TRANSFERRING FREQUENCIES
Normally you will be advised when to change to a new Air Traffic Service Unit and given the
frequency. Acknowledge this by reading back the frequency followed by your call sign, and
then make the transfer to the new frequency.
Initiate contact on the new frequency by using the Air Traffic Service Unit's name,
followed by your call sign.
LISTENING OUT
Having made contact on a particular frequency, you should listen out on that frequency for
any messages directed at you. When listening out, take note of any message to or from
other nearby aircraft so that you can build up a picture of the overall situation, known as
situational awareness.
If there are no transmissions on your frequency for a considerable time, say 5 or 10
minutes, you can always request a radio check to confirm that two-way communication are
still working.

29. How do you know when to change frequency?

Normally I will be advised to change the frequency and I will be given the frequency.
30. How should you acknowledge when ATC requests you to change frequency?
I should acknowledge by reading back the frequency followed by my call sign.
31. How should you initiate contact on a new frequency?
Initiate contact by using the Air Traffic Service Units name followed by my call sign.
32. What does "situational awareness" mean?
Situational Awareness means building up a picture of the overall situation by listening
out any message to or from other nearby aircraft so that, in case of an emergency, a
pilot can analyze the emergency quickly and react fast.
33. You have been on a frequency which was quite busy for some time, and you
find that for the last 7 minutes there has been no radio traffic on that
frequency. What would you normally do under these circumstances?
I would request a radio check to confirm that two way communication are active and
still working.
34. Please name the parts of the aircraft numbered 1 to 13.

1 - engine; 2 - wing; 3 - aileron; 4 - flap; 5 - horizontal stabiliser; 6 - elevator; 7 - trim

tab; 8 - fuselage or body; 9 - cabin or cockpit; 10 - vertical stabiliser; 11 - rudder; 12 nose gear; 13 - main gear.

Occurrence reporting
During approach into a foreign airport, at altitude 3300 feet, you requested ATC to fly
overhead the field, to visually position left base for runway 21.
This was approved by ATC who told you, that you were No. 1 and cleared to land.
When you were over the airport at 1500 feet, a military jet fighter was observed in your 11
o'clock position.
A few seconds later a TCAS Resolution Advisory was received on board your aircraft.
You informed ATC, who after a moment told you, that you were No. 2 to land.
Instructions to the jet fighter were in the local language which you did not understand.
35. Bu olay anlat
We were at altitude 3300 feet when we requested to fly overhead the field to visually
position left base for runway 21. Following our request, ATC approved us by telling
we were no.1 and cleared to land. However, at altitude 1500 feet, we observed a
military jet fighter in 11 oclock position. A few seconds later TCAS Resolution
Advisory was received. Then we immediately informed ATC about the situation and
ATC told us that we were no.2 to land. ATC instructed the jet fighter but the
instruction was in foreign language that we could not understand.

Occurrence reporting
When you were at a foreign airport and your aircraft was at the holding point Alpha for
runway 25, ATC were communicating with other aircraft in the local language which you
could not understand.
You were instructed and given clearance to line-up and take off runway 25. An expeditious
line-up, followed by rolling take-off were executed.
ATC then instructed you to stop, which took some seconds to comply with due to the
instruction not being very clear.
Take-off was rejected after reaching 65 kts, runway was vacated and brakes were cooled.
ATC had ordered the rejected take-off due to a B737 about to land on an intersecting runway
ahead.
36. Bu olay anlat
We were waiting at the holding point Alpha for runway 25. ATC gave us line-up and
take-off clearance. Meanwhile, ATC was communicating with other aircrafts in the
local language which I could not understand. During take-off roll, ATC instructed us
to stop. We rejected the take-off at 65 knots. Then we vacated the runway. ATC
advised us that the take-off was rejected due to a B737 about to land on an
intersecting runway.

Occurrence reporting
You were flying your aircraft on final approach, 5 nm behind a B747.
ATC instructed an A320 on the ground, to line up after the landing B747.
You saw the B747 in front land, and immediately after, the A320 taxi from the holding point,
to line up on the threshold.
You questioned the ATC about the lining up Airbus, but the ATC instructed you to continue
your approach.
Soon after, ATC then instructed you to go around from 400 feet before the A320
commenced take-off roll.
37. Bu olay anlat
As we were on a final approach 5nm behind a B747, we saw an A320 taxi from the
holding point to line up on the threshold following the landing B747. We immediately
instructed ATC about the lining-up Airbus, but ATC instructed us to continue our
approach. Soon after, ATC instructed us to go around, as a result, we went around
from 400 feet before the A320 commenced take-off roll.
Occurrence reporting
Whilst flying in Japan, a European airliner was cleared to maintain 7000 ft on QNH 992.
Japan uses altimeter settings in inches of Mercury and not in hectopascals or milibars.
The commander, knowing this, asked ATC to confirm QNH 992 hectopascals, or did they
mean 29.92 inches?
ATC replied "Climb 14000 ft on 29.92 inches".
If the commander of the European airliner had set 992 hectopascals on his altimeter, the
difference in altitude between 992 hectopascals and 29,92 inches would have been
approximately 600 ft. This clearly would have had serious fligh safety consequences.
38. Please explain what happened and the flight safety implications.
The different use of altimeter settings in Japan would have caused serious flight
safety consequences. The commander asks ATC to confirm QNH 992 hectopascals
and ATC replies the call in inches of Mercury. The commander takes precautious
steps by confirming QNH 992. If not, the difference would have been 600ft and this
could have caused and accident.
39. In regard to the commander's request for confirmation of altimeter setting, do
you consider the controller's reply was correct or not? Please explain.
The controllers reply was not correct and that would have misled the commander
towards an accident. The controller should have replied in hectopascals.

The Urgency Message or Pan-Pan Call

The urgency or Pan-Pan message is made when an emergency exists that does not require
immediate assistance.
It is used to transmit a very urgent message concerning the safety of an aircraft - your own
aircraft or another, or a person on board or in sight.
The urgency or Pan-Pan takes priority over all other calls except a Mayday call.
40. Please give three examples of situations that would justify making a Pan-Pan
call.
Navigational difficulties, landing gear retraction and flap extension problems are
considered as a pan pan situations.
41. Ykleme yaplan Easy Jet ua.
There is an easy jet airbus in this picture. Front door is open and passengers are
boarding. Luggage are being loaded from aft cargo door. There is a push back truck
in front of the airplane, the tow bar is connected to the nose gear and an external
power unit near it. Weather is nice with no significant clouds. Airport is a big and
crowded one like London or Frankfurt. Pilots are making last preparations in the
cockpit.

42. Windshear resmi

There is an approaching plane and CB clouds on planes approach path. Below the
CB clouds there is an expecting winshear. Plane has two options. One option is to go
around and try to land a different runway. On the other hand, the second option is to
continue to approach, but on the flight path pilot should expect effects of windshear.
These effects are vertical and horizontal changes in winds speed and direction.
Vertical increase and decrease in wind speed and downward effect of horizontal wind
will affect the glide slope. So plane will recover or crash related to pilots decision.
Veya ar yklemeden dolay aha kalkm 747.
The aircraft has tipped or fallen back on its tail due to excess loading during the
loading process and the center of gravity was too much to the rear causing the
aircraft to fall back on its tail.

This is the photograph of a cargo aircraft which has tail strike. It has four engine and
it is a boeing 747. t seems that this crash has occurred either after landing or after
an aborted take off. The aircraft is on the grass so I can say that the aircraft has
gone(veered) off the runway.It looks like there could be a loading calculation failure.
There are emergency services in the background and it seems that the cabin crew
has evacuated the aircraft.

43. How to prevent runway incursion?

Pilots and controllers should use standard radio terminology and read back all
clearance. Pilots should examine aerodrome lay out before taxi and listen to the
instructions carefully, if in doubt request an acknowledgement. Pilots should never
cross any runway without clearance.
44. Yolcu uaa gelmemi, bagajn brakmak iin geri dnyoruz, anons yap.
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. This is the captain speaking. Due to a missing
passenger we have to go back to the gate and according to international safety
regulations offload that passengers luggage. I apologize for the inconvenience that
we may cause and thanks for your understanding.
45. Medical mayday gerektirecek 2 durumu semptomlariyla birlikte rnekle.
First one is heart attack and its symptoms are difficulty breathing, pain on the left side
of the chest and numb feeling on the left arm. The other one is severe allergic
reaction and its symptoms are breathing problems, turning red and scratching.
46. Medical mayday deklere et.
Istanbul radar CPT63 mayday mayday mayday captain is incapacitated. He is
probably having heart attack. Request vectors to nearest suitable airfield and request
medical assistance.
47. Sol motoru yanan mavi uak
Tower, TWS 27, Mayday Mayday Mayday the blue aircraft just taking off has major
fire on the left engine. I say again blue aircrafts left engine is burning.
48. Please explain what "AFFIRM" means and what "CONFIRM" means.
AFFIRM: Yes or affirmative
CONFIRM: Did you correctly receive this message.

49. Your observations during flight may be a valuable source of information for
ATC and other pilots.
Please give three examples of information you may want to report to ATC or other
pilots for safety related reasons.
Answer: Examples:
- unusual or unforecast weather
- flooded runways
- debries on the runway or taxiway
- windshear
- turbulence
- bird hazardes

- oil polution (for instance large oil slicks at sea)

- airprox (near misses with other aircraft)
- any other aircraft or vessel that appears to be in trouble
- your position and level (in the form of position report)

50. The Distress Message or Mayday Call

Mayday is the Anglicised spelling of the French phrase "m'aidez!" which means "Help me!"
The distress message is the absolute top priority call. It has priority over all others, and the
word Mayday should force everyone else into immediate radio silence.

Please give three examples of situations that would justify making a Mayday call.
Answer: Examples:
- single-pilot incapacitation
- engine failure, fire, structural damage or failure
- a forced landing
- being lost, (very) uncertain of your position, or very low on fuel
- weather conditions deteriorating below what you are able to fly in safety (cloud, poor
visibility, etc.)
- darkness, when you are not qualified to fly at night and/or the aircraft is not suitably
equipped.

CEVAPSIZ SORULAR
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Kalktan sonra ku srsne girdin zararlar nelerdir.

Harici kontrol nasl yaparsn nelere dikkat edersin.
Harici kontrolde Kabul etmeyecein arzalar nelerdir.
Herhangi bir arza yaayp geri dndn oldu mu?
Okyanus zerinde uarken seriously ill yolcu var .Ne yaparsn .Nasl bir anons
yaparsn.ATC ye durumu rapor et.
6. Ana ini takm sol n lastik hasarl. Nelere sebep olur.
7. Bir anons yap.
8. Ua uua hazrlama
9. Son zamanlarda yaadnz bir arzay anlatn.
10. yi bildiiniz bir havaalann anlatn .Yolcular ve crew a salad avantaj ve
olanaklar nelerdir.
11. Son uuunuzu anlatn
FAA in Amerikada yapt bir aratrmay anlatyor.Buna gore tek kelimelik
readbackler de yar yarya hata oluyor.Kelime says arttka hata oran
artyor.Rakamlar bir arada kullanlnca hata artyor.Heading, FL, speed gibi
kartrlabiliyor. Bunlar ciddi eylere sebep olabiliyor.Accident ,incident , rotadan
sapma , yakn geme
12. Tek instruction olunca yzde ka hata oluyor.
13. Bu hatalarn olas sonular nelerdir.
14. Bu olaylar nlemek iin ne yapmal.
15. Ground accident rnei verin.
16. Kokpitte veya kabinde kan yangn nasl sndrrsnz.
17. Ground accidenti nlemek iin ne gibi nlemler alnmaldr.
18. zelliklerini bildiiniz bir meydan anlatn.

RESMLER
1. Houdson river a inen uak resmi var.Business yolcular slide larn zerinde
normaller kanat zerinde businessin avantajlar nelerdir.
2. 4 tane lastik var ana /T dikmesi bize yakn sol taraftaki ypranm, beyazlar
km (white cord) resmi anlatn ve byle uarsanz ne olur.
3. Yeni kalkan bir uak ku srsne giriyor, kular saa yakn. Bird strike uaa
ne gibi zararlar verebilir. Ku uak arpmasn nlemek iin ne yaplabilir.
4. Uaa nden bakyoruz, sa kanad gryorsun bir yakt arac var, kargo arac
var, n ve arka kargo kaplar ak. 3 personel var aracn evresinde security
line var.
5. Askeri pervaneli nakliye ua inite burun /T almam, kvlcmlar kyor,
arka tarafta duman var. Geri planda bir askeri jet var resmi anlatn.
6. Yolcu koltuundan ekilmi bir kanat resmi spoilerler ak, flaplar ak.
7. Concorde resmi ve bu uan en ok sevdiiniz zellii nedir.

8. Bir taksi yolunda pist bana gittiini tahmin ettiim bir sr uak var, arka
arkaya dizilmiler.Bu havaalannda ATC ne gibi dzenlemeler yaparsa
younluk azalabilir.