System Engineering

7/8/2013
System Engineering
Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that
focuses on how to design and manage complex engineering projects
over their life cycles.
Issues such as reliability, logistics, coordination of different teams
(requirements management), evaluation measurements, and other
disciplines become more difficult when dealing with large, complex
projects.
Systems engineering deals with work-processes, optimization
methods, and risk management tools in such projects.
It overlaps technical and human-centre disciplines such as control
engineering, industrial engineering, organizational studies, and
project management.
Systems Engineering ensures that all likely aspects of a project or
system are considered, and integrated into a whole.
SOET RMIT University
Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles
System Engineering
Systems engineering techniques are used in complex projects:
spacecraft design, computer chip design, robotics, software
integration, and bridge building.
Systems engineering uses a host of tools that include modelling and
simulation, requirements analysis and scheduling to manage
complexity.
System
A system is a set of interacting or interdependent components
forming an integrated whole or a set of elements (often called
'components' ) and relationships which are different from
relationships of the set or its elements to other elements or
sets.
Systems Engineering
WHEN & WHERE is systems engineering required?
WHAT is systems engineering?
WHY do we need to study systems engineering?
WHO are the Systems Engineers?
HOW is systems engineering implemented?
Systems Engineering Process

Depending on their application, tools are used for various stages of
the systems engineering process.
Everyday examples of systems
7/8/2013
Systems classification
System concepts
The concept of systems and systems engineering operates at many
different levels in many different types of organizations.
Soft systems- the systems which show the interactions of
communications, people, processes and flows of information within
complex organization.
Systems can be classified by their ultimate purpose:

1. Service-oriented systems
An airport along with its components, e.g. the planes, pilots,
mechanics, ticket agents, runways, and concourses are to work
together to provide transport service to passengers and freight.
2. Product-oriented systems
An automobile assembly plant consisting of raw materials, people,
and machines all work together to produce a finished car.
3. Process-oriented systems.
A refinery that changes crude oil into gasoline.
Bird Eye View of Aircraft Systems
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Commercial Air Transport System

Architecture (ATA Reference)
Worldwide Aviation System

Architecture
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Aircraft (military) major systems
All subsystems must act in a synergistic manner. They are designed

to perform a specific individual task, and are combined to form
the whole aircraft in which the combination of the individual
systems clearly performs a role that is greater than the sum of the
individual parts.
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7/8/2013
System Engineering Definition by

INCOSE (International Council on
Systems Engineering)
Systems Engineering is an interdisciplinary approach and means to
enable the realization of successful systems.
It focuses on defining customer needs and required functionality
early in the development cycle, documenting requirements, then
proceeding with design synthesis and system validation while
considering the complete problem:
Training & Support

Test
Disposal
Manufacturing
Systems Engineering integrates all the disciplines and specialty
groups into a team effort forming a structured development process
that proceeds from concept to production to operation.
Operations
Cost & Schedule
Performance
System Engineering Definition by

INCOSE (International Council on
Systems Engineering)
Systems Engineering considers both the business and the technical

needs of all customers with the goal of providing a quality product
that meets the user needs.
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Conclusion: Systems Engineering

in a nutshell
Systems point of view

The systems perspective takes a big picture or holistic, or
gestalt, view of large-scale problems and their proposed
technological solutions.
A system is defined as a group of components that work
together for a specified purpose.
A system is very perspective-dependent
The systems point of view also recognizes that a problem and
its solution have many elements or components, and there are
many different relations among them. The important aspects is
to recognise the interface between different components in a
system.
All systems have life cycles.
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Aircraft (military) major systems

(Fig 2.4 [2])
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System A perspective dependent
All subsystems must act in a synergistic manner. They are designed to

perform a specific individual task, and are combined to form the whole
aircraft in which the combination of the individual systems clearly performs
a role that is greater than the sum of the individual parts.
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7/8/2013
Systems life-cycle and phases
Elements required for developing a

system A system thinking approach
A system life-cycle:
Systems planning and marketing
Problem definition
Research, development, test and evaluation (RDT&E)
Choice of objectives
Systems acquisition or procurement
Systems synthesis
The phases of system evolution at each life-cycle stage:
Systems analysis
Definition
System selection
Development
System development
Deployment
Current engineering
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System Engineering key summary

thought
There is no a single right approach (in system engineering), BUT
the correct (right) approaches are:
There is a consistency of approach between partners in
developing a system
The project to design / develop a system works with the chosen
approach
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Systems Engineers roles

1. Define systems
2. Develop systems
3. Deploy systems
System engineering process is an open-minded approach, as

long as has the ability to produce a safe and successful results
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A process to be implemented by system

engineers:
Takes into account the interests and needs of a wide range of
interested parties or stakeholders
Covers a wide range of topics and domains in a multidisciplinary
process
Takes into account the project and design drivers that influence
the system solution
Allows for the understanding and management of complexity in a
repeatable and consistent manner
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Characteristics of good systems

engineers
1.Good systems engineers have a demonstrated affinity for the
systems point of view. They understand the interfaces and
interactions within the system and its surroundings.
Encompasses the entire life cycle of a product or system
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2.The systems engineer must have be a very relational person.

The system has to meet its purpose and human play a role in all
aspects of a system.
3.The systems engineer must be an effective broker of
information and knowledge. Accurate communication is critical
throughout systems life-cycle.
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7/8/2013
Characteristics of good systems

engineers
Skills and Qualities Needed by

Systems Engineers
4. A systems engineer is imaginative and creative. Solutions to a

systems problem require new perspectives and a propensity for
looking beyond the present, to fully assess the scope and impact of
proposed solutions.
5. Above all, the systems engineer must exhibit objective
judgment and sound appraisal capabilities. An engineer applies
science and technology to meet some need of society.
Good math skills

Strong time management skills
Aptitude for systems thinking
Good common sense
A strong desire for organization and efficiency
Excellent communication/salesmanship
Creative problem solving
Quantitative skills
Technical competency
Continuous drive for improvement
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Skills and Qualities Needed by

Systems Engineers
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References
Aero 2392: Aircraft systems and integration by Dr. Ferry Dharmawan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering
Design and Development of Aircraft Systems by Moir I. & Seabridge
A.
Resourcefulness
Listening skills
Negotiation skills
Diplomacy
Patience
Ability to adapt to many environments, wear many hats and
interact with a diverse group of individuals
Inquisitive mind
Continuous desire to learn
Leadership skills
Ethics
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Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Systems Engineering Process

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Everyday examples of systems

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Systems can be classified by their ultimate purpose:

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Bird Eye View of Aircraft Systems

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Commercial Air Transport System

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Worldwide Aviation System

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

Aircraft (military) major systems

All subsystems must act in a synergistic manner. They are designed

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles

SOET RMIT University

Aero 5956C Aero Design Principles