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  • U.P Calculations

    Diunggah oleh

    Hammad Fazal
    34 tayangan7 halaman
    The document contains details of 9 experiments performed by a student. It provides the dates of each experiment, balanced chemical equations where provided, and stoichiometric calculations to determine limiting reagents and theoretical yields. For experiments 3, 8, and 9, it notes there were no calculations provided either because the student was meant to complete them independently or because the experiments did not actually take place. The document emphasizes the importance of showing work by hand and discussing any issues respectfully with the instructor.

    Deskripsi Asli:

    calculations of unit process lab

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    The document contains details of 9 experiments performed by a student. It provides the dates of each experiment, balanced chemical equations where provided, and stoichiometric calculations to determine limiting reagents and theoretical yields. For experiments 3, 8, and 9, it notes there were no calculations provided either because the student was meant to complete them independently or because the experiments did not actually take place. The document emphasizes the importance of showing work by hand and discussing any issues respectfully with the instructor.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai DOCX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    34 tayangan7 halaman

    U.P Calculations

    Diunggah oleh

    Hammad Fazal
    The document contains details of 9 experiments performed by a student. It provides the dates of each experiment, balanced chemical equations where provided, and stoichiometric calculations to determine limiting reagents and theoretical yields. For experiments 3, 8, and 9, it notes there were no calculations provided either because the student was meant to complete them independently or because the experiments did not actually take place. The document emphasizes the importance of showing work by hand and discussing any issues respectfully with the instructor.

    Hak Cipta:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Unduh sebagai DOCX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 7

    Experiment 01

    Just write down practical yield of your on


    group.
    Experiment 02
    Just write down practical yield of your on
    group.
    Experiment 03
    Perform calculation for this experiment theoretical and
    percentage yield

    Experiment 04
    Just write down practical yield of your on
    group.
    Experiment 5- Preparation of nitrobenzene
    Theoretical calculations
    Balanced Chemical Equation

    Calculation of

    Limiting Reactant

    Given reagents :Benzene = 15ml ,

    Nitric acid = 18ml ,

    Density of nitric acid =1.51g/ml


    Masses of both components :-

    Benzene
    Mass = 0.8765X15

    Density of benzene =0.8765g/ml

    13.15g

    Nitric acid
    Mass = 1.51x18
    27.18g
    Moles calculations :Mole of benzene = 13.15/78
    Mole of benzene = 0.168moles
    Mole of nitric acid = 27.18/63
    Mole of nitric acid = 0.43
    Stoichiometric ratio :Benzene : Nitric acid
    1:1
    Given moles :Benzene : Nitric acid
    0.168 : 0.43
    So proved that benzene is limiting reactant
    Calculations always based on limiting reactant
    Theoretical yield :moles of nitro benzene produced = 0.168 moles
    mass of nitro benzene produced = 0.168x123
    20.66gms
    Actual yield :weight of your product that obtained in lab
    %age yield

    = [actual yield/theoretical yield]x100

    6- Preparation of
    oxalic acid
    Theoretical calculations

    Equation :
    C12H22O11+36HNO3

    6(COOH)2.2H2O+36NO2+11H2O

    Given amounts :
    Cane Sugar used

    Nitric Acid used

    5 grams

    20 ml

    Mole Calculations:
    For Sugar
    (5gm)/(342 gm/mole) = 0.0146 moles.
    For Nitric Acid
    (25 cm3)(1.51 g/cm3) = 37.75 gm.
    (37.75 gm)/(63 gm/mole) = 0.6 moles
    Stoichiometric ratio:1 : 36
    0.0277
    Given ratio
    0.0146 : 0.6
    0.0243
    So, Sugar is limiting reactant.
    Theoretical Yield:
    1 mole Sugar gives
    0.0146 Mole sugar gives
    of
    (COOH)2.2H2O

    =
    =

    6 moles of (COOH)2.2H2O
    60.0146

    = 0.0876 moles

    0.0876 mole 126 gm/mole = 11.0376 grams of oxalic


    acid.

    Practical yield :Actual yield :weight of your product that obtained in lab
    %age yield

    = [actual yield/theoretical yield]x100

    7- preparation of ethyl
    acetate
    Stoichiometric calculations
    Balanced Chemical Equation

    Calculation of limiting reactant


    Given Reagent:Ethyl alcohol = 25 ml ,
    ml

    Acetic acid = 25

    Density of Ethyl alcohol = 0.789 g/cm3


    Density of Acetic acid

    = 1.049 g/cm3

    Masses of components:Ethyl alcohol mass

    = 0.789 25 = 19.725 g m.

    Acetic acid mass

    = 1.049 25 = 26.225 g m.

    Moles calculation:Moles of Acetic acid


    Moles of Acetic acid

    = 26.225 /60
    = 0.4370 moles

    Moles of Ethyl alcohol = 19.725/46


    Moles of Ethyl alcohol = 0.4288 moles
    Stoichiometric ratio :Ethyl alcohol : Acetic acid
    1

    : 1

    0.4288 : 0.4370
    So it proves that Ethyl alcohol is limiting reactant.
    Calculation always based on limiting reactant

    Theoretical yield:Moles of ethyl acetate produced = 0.428888 = 37.7344 g m.


    Actual yield:Weight of product that will obtain.
    % age yield = [Actual yield/ Theoretical yield] 100

    Experiment 08
    Nothing in calculation because Sir
    Meesam shb said that experiment didnt
    perform
    Leave calculation side of experiment
    empty

    Experiment 09
    Nothing in calculation because Sir
    Meesam shb said that experiment didnt
    perform
    Leave calculation side of experiment
    empty
    Date of each experiment as
    01

    13-09-2014

    bake lit

    02

    20-09-2014

    03

    27-09-2014

    04

    04-10-2014

    05

    18-10-2014

    nitrobenzene

    06

    25-10-2014

    oxalic acid

    07

    08-10-2014

    08

    22-11-2014

    ethyl brmide

    13-12-2014

    glacial acetic acid

    09

    iodofom
    sod. Sulphate
    picric acid

    ethyl esetate

    Sir Meesam Ali shb said to me


    Write done calculation in note book by
    hand not printed form

    Experiment 3s calculation performance


    are left for your own practice so
    complete it
    In case of any little disturbance contact
    to
    Engineer Hafiz Ghulam Mustafa
    (Decent way require to discuss any thing
    because it is beneficial for all)

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