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GENERAL NOTES
1. All years referenced for budget data are fiscal years unless otherwise noted. All years referenced for economic data are calendar
years unless otherwise noted.
2. Detail in this document may not add to the totals due to rounding.
3. Public Law 113-82, commonly referred to as the Military Retired
Pay Restoration Act, was signed into law on February 15, 2014.
The estimates in the 2015 Budget do not reflect the effects of this
Act due to the late date of enactment.
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Table of Contents
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for how and where additional investments should be made in both domestic priorities and national
security this year.
We know where to start: the best measure of opportunity is access to a good job. With the economy
picking up speed, companies say they intend to hire more people this year. And over half of big
manufacturers say they are thinking of insourcing jobs from abroad.
We need to make that decision easier for more companies. Both Democrats and Republicans have
argued that our tax code is riddled with wasteful, complicated loopholes that make it harder to invest
here and encourage companies to keep profits abroad. Last summer, I offered a proposal to couple
business tax reform with critical investments in infrastructure. This Budget includes that proposal,
using the transition revenue that will result from a shift to a simpler, more efficient tax code to create
jobs rebuilding our roads and bridges and unclogging our commutes and transporting goods made
in Americabecause in todays global economy, first-class jobs gravitate to first-class infrastructure.
At the same time, this Budget lays out how my Administration will continue to act on our own to cut
red tape and streamline the permitting process for key infrastructure projects, so we can get more
construction workers on the job as fast as possible.
We also have the chance, right now, to beat other countries in the race for the next wave of high-tech
manufacturing jobs. My Administration has already launched four hubs for high-tech manufacturing,
where we have connected businesses to research universities that can help America lead the world
in advanced technologies. The Budget expands on these efforts by providing funding for five
additional institutes, and, through the Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative, supports the
goal I announced last summer of creating a national network of 45 of these manufacturing innovation
institutes over the next 10 years.
We know that the nation that goes all-in on innovation today will own the global economy tomorrow.
This is an edge America cannot surrender. That is why the Budget includes investments in cuttingedge research and development, driving scientific and technological breakthroughs that will create
jobs, improve lives, and open new opportunities for the American people. The Budgets Opportunity,
Growth, and Security Initiative will allow us to push our limits even further, supporting additional
biomedical research at the National Institutes of Health that will help us fight Alzheimers, cancer, and
other diseases, climate research to develop climate change-resilient infrastructure, and agricultural
research that will help increase agricultural productivity and improve health.
We also know that one of the biggest factors in bringing more jobs back is our commitment to
American energy. The all-of-the-above energy strategy I announced a few years ago is working, and
today, America is closer to energy independence than we have been in decades.
The Budget advances this strategy by ensuring the safe and responsible production of natural gas
and cleaner electricity generation from fossil fuels. It creates new incentives to cut the amount of
energy we waste in our cars, trucks, homes, and factories. It promotes clean energy with investments
in technologies like solar and by expanding and making permanent the tax credit for the production of
renewable energy. And it continues to strengthen protection of our air, water, land, and communities,
and addresses the threat of climate change. Climate change is a fact, and we have to act with more
urgency to address it because a changing climate is already harming western communities struggling
with drought and coastal cities dealing with floods. That is why I directed my Administration to work
with States, utilities, and others to set new standards on the amount of carbon pollution our power
plants are allowed to dump into the air, and why this Budget advances new approaches to address the
growing cost and damage from wildfires.
All of these efforts can speed up growth and create more jobs. But in this rapidly changing economy,
we have to make sure that every American has the skills to fill those jobs. The Budget therefore
invests in new efforts to drive greater performance and innovation in workforce training, including
on-the-job training, apprenticeships, and other steps to equip workers with skills that match the
needs of employers.
Of course, it is not enough to train todays workforce. We also have to prepare tomorrows workforce
by guaranteeing every child access to a world-class education. That is why the Budget builds on the
progress we have made with new investments and initiatives to improve all levels of education, from
early childhood through college.
Research shows that one of the best investments we can make in a childs life is high-quality early
education. This year, we will invest in new partnerships with States and communities across the
country to expand access to high-quality early education, and I am again calling on the Congress to
make high-quality preschool available to every four-year-old child. The Budget also includes funding
to provide access to high-quality infant and toddler care for more than 100,000 children, and supports
the extension and expansion of voluntary home visiting programs.
Last year, I called on the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to connect 99 percent of our
students to high-speed broadband over the next 4 years. This year, the FCC is making a down payment
on this goal by connecting more than 15,000 schools and 20 million students over the next 2 years,
without adding a dime to the deficit. To ensure students receive the full benefit of this connectivity,
the Budget invests in training for teachers in hundreds of school districts across the country.
The Budget also supports redesigning our high schools, helping them partner with colleges and
employers that offer the college-level coursework and real-world skills to prepare students for college
and careers. And it launches a new Race to the Top competition aimed at closing the achievement gap,
so that all children get the high-quality education they need to succeed.
And we are shaking up our system of higher education to encourage innovation, give parents more
information, and reward colleges for improving quality and reducing costs, so that no middle class
student is priced out of a college education. Last summer, I directed the Department of Education
to develop and publish a new college rating system that will identify colleges that provide the best
value to students and encourage all colleges to improve. The Budget supports the development of
that rating system and provides bonuses to reward colleges that improve educational outcomes for
Pell Grant recipients. And to help more Americans who feel trapped by student loan debt, the Budget
expands income-driven repayment options, allowing millions the opportunity to cap their monthly
student loan payments at 10 percent of their income.
We also must do more to ensure our economy honors the dignity of work, and that hard work pays
off for all of our citizens. Americans overwhelmingly agree that no one who works full time should
ever have to raise a family in poverty. I have already acted by Executive Order to require Federal
contractors to pay their federally funded employees a fair wage of at least $10.10 an hour. The
Congress needs to go further and raise the minimum wage for all workers to that same amount. This
raise will help families, and it will help the economy by giving businesses customers with more money
to spend and by boosting productivity and reducing turnover. The Budget also invests in enforcement
efforts to make sure workers receive the wages and overtime they have earned.
There are other steps we can take to help families make ends meet. Few policies are more effective
at reducing inequality and helping families pull themselves up through hard work than the Earned
Income Tax Credit (EITC). The EITC for families with children lifts millions out of poverty each
year and helps about half of all parents at some point in their lives. But as a number of prominent
policymakers, both progressive and conservative, have noted, the EITC does not do enough for single
workers who do not have kids. The Budget doubles the value of the EITC for workers without
children and non-custodial parents, and also makes it available to younger adult workers, so that it
can encourage work in the crucial years at the beginning of a young persons career.
We also need to do more to help Americans save for retirement. Today, most workers do not have
a pension. A Social Security check often is not enough on its own. And while the stock market has
doubled over the last 5 years, that does not improve retirement security for people who do not have
retirement savings. That is why the Budget builds on my proposal to create a new way for working
Americans to start saving for retirement: the MyRA savings bond. To encourage new savers, MyRA
requires a low initial contribution and guarantees a decent return with no risk of losing what you put
in. Separately, the Budget also proposes to establish automatic enrollment Individual Retirement
Accounts, offering every American access to an automatic savings vehicle on the job.
For decades, few things exposed hard-working families to economic hardship more than a broken
health care system. With the enactment of the Affordable Care Act, we are in the process of fixing
that. Already, because of the health reform law, more than 3 million Americans under the age of
26 have gained coverage under their parents plans. More than 9 million Americans have signed
up for private health insurance or Medicaid coverage. Because of this law, no American can ever
again be dropped or denied coverage for a preexisting condition like asthma, back pain, or cancer.
No woman can ever be charged more just because she is a woman. And we did all this while adding
years to Medicares finances, keeping Medicare premiums flat, and lowering prescription costs for
millions of seniors. To continue this progress, the Budget fully funds the ongoing implementation of
the Affordable Care Act.
We must always remember that economic growth and opportunity can only be achieved if America
is safe and secure. At home, the Budget supports efforts to make our communities safer by reducing
gun violence and reforming our criminal justice system.
Looking beyond our borders, the Budget responsibly transitions from the completion of our military
mission in Afghanistan in 2014 to political and security support for a unified Afghan government as it
takes full responsibility for its own future. When I took office, nearly 180,000 Americans were serving
in Iraq and Afghanistan. Today, all our troops are out of Iraq and more than 60,000 of our troops have
already come home from Afghanistan. With Afghan forces now in the lead for their own security, our
troops have moved to a support role. Together with our allies, we will complete our mission there by
the end of this year, and Americas longest war will finally be over.
In addition to responsibly winding down our operations in Afghanistan, the Budget ensures we
maintain ready, modern, and capable defense forces to address any threats we might face, including
threats from terrorism and cyber attacks. It funds humanitarian and diplomatic efforts in Syria,
supports transition and reform throughout the Middle East and North Africa, and advances our
strategic rebalancing toward the Asia-Pacific region. It enhances stability and creates new markets
for U.S. businesses with investments in Power Africa and promotes peace and security by supporting
global health care and addressing climate change. And it strengthens oversight of intelligence
activities and enhances the protection of U.S. diplomatic facilities and personnel overseas.
The Budget also ensures that we continue to meet our obligations to our troops and veterans who
have given so much to our country. To deliver on this commitment, it provides significant resources
to support veterans medical care, help military families, assist soldiers transitioning to civilian life,
reduce veterans homelessness, and reduce the disability claims backlog so our veterans receive the
benefits they have earned. It also introduces necessary reforms to our military compensation system,
which our uniform military leadership called for, to ensure servicemembers and their families receive
the benefits that they have earned while making sure that our military can invest in the training,
equipment, and support that it needs.
In addition to making these critical investments, the Budget outlines the steps my Administration
is taking to create a 21st Century Government that is more efficient, effective, and supportive of
economic growth. Our citizens and businesses expect their Government to provide the same level of
service experienced in the private sector and we intend to deliver. The Budget includes initiatives
that will lead to better, faster, and smarter services, both online and in-person. It calls on Federal
agencies to share services and leverage the buying power of the Government to bring greater value
and efficiency for taxpayer dollars. It continues to open Government data and research for public
and private sector use to spur innovation and job creation. And it invests in the Governments most
important resource, its workers, ensuring that we can attract and retain the best talent in the Federal
workforce and foster a culture of excellence.
The Budget does all of these things while further strengthening the Nations long-term fiscal
outlook. Over the last 5 years, we have cut the deficit in half as a share of the economy, experiencing
the fastest period of deficit reduction since the demobilization following World War II. The Budget
continues this progress, bringing deficits down as a share of the economy to below 2 percent by 2023
and putting debt as a share of the economy on a declining path.
Although we have seen a notable and significant decline in health care spending growth over the
last few years, in part due to the Affordable Care Act, we know that over the long run, the growth of
health care costs continues to be our Nations most pressing fiscal challenge. That is why the Budget
builds on the savings and reforms in the health reform law with additional measures to strengthen
Medicare and Medicaid and encourage high-quality and efficient health care.
We also know that revenue has to be part of the solution to our Nations long-term fiscal challenges.
Given the aging of our population and the declining ratio of workers to retirees, we will need additional
revenue to maintain our commitments to seniors while also making the investments that are needed
to grow our economy and expand opportunity. The Budget secures that revenue through tax reform
that reduces inefficient and unfair tax breaks and ensures that everyone, from Main Street to Wall
Street, is paying their fair share.
Finally, if we are serious about long-term, sustainable economic growth and deficit reduction, it is
also time to heed the calls of business leaders, labor leaders, faith leaders, and law enforcementand
fix our broken immigration system. Independent economists say immigration reform will grow our
economy and shrink our deficits by almost $1 trillion in the next two decades. And for good reason:
when people come here to fulfill their dreamsto study, invent, and contribute to our culturethey
make our country a more attractive place for businesses to locate and help create jobs for everyone.
The Senate has acted to pass a bipartisan immigration reform bill that is worthy of support. It is time
for the House of Representatives to finish the job.
We have made progress over the last 5 years. But our work is not done. This Budget provides a
roadmap to ensuring middle class families and those working to be a part of the middle class can
feel secure in their jobs, homes, and budgets. To build real, lasting economic security, we also need to
expand opportunity for all so every American can get ahead and have a shot at creating a better life
for their kids.
None of it is easy. America has never come easy. But if we work together, if we summon what is
best in us, I know it is within our reach.
Barack Obama
The White House,
March 4, 2014.
Our economy is moving forward and businesses are creating jobs, but our top priority must
be accelerating that growth while expanding
opportunity for all Americans. For the last several years, manufactured crises in Washington
have hindered, rather than helped, economic
growth and opportunity. But earlier this year,
Democrats and Republicans came together to
produce a 2014 budget that invests in key areas
-200,000
-400,000
-600,000
-800,000
Jan
2008
Jan
2009
Jan
2010
Jan
2011
Jan
2012
Jan
2013
Jan
2014
10% 9.8%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
4.1%
1.6%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
9%
8%
7%
Historical
Average
4.5%
6%
5%
4%
3%
2%
1.4%
1%
0%
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
10
The ACA will have a growing impact on reducing health care costs and improving quality in future years. The Budget builds on the savings and
reforms in ACA with additional measures that
will help ensure health care cost growth remains
low and improve the quality of care.
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Education
Enhancing Early Childhood Educationproviding additional Preschool Development Grants
to reach two-thirds of all States by 2015, laying a stronger foundation for Preschool for All;
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providing access to high-quality early learning opportunities to a total of more than 100,000
children through Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships; and supporting Head Start
grantees in expanding their programs and investing in teacher quality, without reducing the
number of children served.
Accelerating Improvements to K-12 Educationproviding 100,000 teachers in 500 districts
with access to professional development to take greater advantage of the universal broadband
provided through the ConnectED initiative; increasing investment in high school redesign to
create additional innovative, career-focused high schools; and providing additional incentives,
through Race to the Top, for States to bring the most successful K-12 reforms to the most
disadvantaged schools to help close the achievement gap.
Making Other Invesmentsto ensure that all students have access to a high-quality education, from preschool to college.
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Making Other Investmentsto increase economic opportunity and assist vulnerable populations, including incentivizing schools funded through the Bureau of Indian Education to introduce reforms that improve student outcomes; and additional funding for the Legal Services
Corporation, which assists millions of low-income Americans each year with essential civil
legal services in areas such as housing and consumer protection.
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DEFENSE
The defense portion of the Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative makes investments in
four key areas.
Readiness Restoration
In 2013, significant reductions in funding degraded readiness throughout the Joint Force by
requiring sharp cuts to training, maintenance, and support. For example, the Air Force had to
ground 33 squadrons and reduce an additional seven squadrons to basic takeoff and land training for several months. Although the base budget provides the resources needed to continue
gradually restoring readiness and balance, the Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative provides the resources to expedite progress by supporting increased activity at depot maintenance
facilities around the Nation, greater training support, and increases in funding for fuel, spare
parts, and transportation costs.
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Importantly, the Budget also shows that this initiative is fully paid for, and easily affordable if the
Congress is willing to enact a few common-sense
spending and tax changes. Building on the model
established in the BBA, the Budget outlines a specific set of mandatory spending reforms and tax
loophole closers that would fully offset the cost of
the Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative:
$28 billion in savings from commonsense spending reforms, including:
Reforming Federal crop insurance by reducing subsidies for overly generous coverage ($14 billion). While the newly enacted
Farm Bill made progress on curbing direct
subsidy payments, it failed to adopt bipartisan reforms to the increasingly expensive Federal crop insurance program. The
Budget proposes to reduce Federal subsidies for disproportionately subsidized
plans that benefit wealthy corporate farmers and to reduce overpayments to private
crop insurance companies.
Reallocating spectrum to promote economic growth ($5 billion). The Budget
proposes to introduce new mechanisms to
promote more efficient allocation of spectrum to high priority uses.
Reforming the Transportation Security
Administration (TSA) passenger fees to
reflect the cost of aviation security ($5 billion). While the Congress took steps toward better matching TSA fees with costs
in the BBA, the Budget proposes to further reform these user fees to more closely
reflect the costs of passenger screening
and other aviation security services.
Preventing Unemployment Insurance and
Disability Insurance overlap ($3 billion).
The Budget proposes to prevent individuals from collecting Unemployment and
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by 2030, relative to 2010 levels. The Budget
takes a number of steps to help reach this
goal, including: supporting the development
of additional efficiency standards for appliances and buildings, expanding the Better
Buildings Challenge to encourage greater
energy efficiency in industrial and commercial buildings, improving energy efficiency in
Federal buildings, improving energy data access for consumers and for Federal facilities
through the Green Button initiativeunder which utilities are establishing a standardized system allowing electricity customers to securely download their energy usage
informationand supporting and encouraging the adoption of State and local policies to
cut energy waste.
Investing in Energy Security. Over the
Presidents first term, the United States cut
oil imports by more than 3.6 million barrels per day, more than under any other
President. In 2012, Americas net oil imports
fell to the lowest level in 20 years. To ensure
that we continue on a path toward greater
energy security, the Budget establishes an
Energy Security Trust to help fund efforts
to shift our cars and trucks off oil. This $2
billion investment over 10 years will support R&D in a range of cost-effective technologieslike advanced vehicles that run on
electricity, homegrown biofuels, renewable
hydrogen, and domestically produced natural gasand will be drawn from revenues
generated from Federal oil and gas development. The Budget proposes an extension of
tax credits to support cellulosic biofuels and
new tax incentives for medium- and heavyduty trucks that run on alternative fuels
like natural gas, and for the fuel infrastructure needed to deploy them. The Budget
also includes reforms to promote responsible oil and gas development on Federal
lands, including increasing funding at the
Department of the Interiors Bureau of Land
Management to support better permitting
processes for oil and gas, renewable energy,
and infrastructure, including the transition
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The President favors adopting these measures as part of long run revenue neutral
business tax reform that would also cut the
corporate tax rate to 28 percentwith a rate
of no more than 25 percent for manufacturingcut taxes for small businesses, and comprehensively reform tax subsidies and the
international tax system. For this reason,
the Budget does not count the net savings
from the business tax proposals described
above toward its deficit reduction targets,
instead reserving them to help pay for business reform. However, the transition to a
reformed business tax system will generate
one-time, temporary revenue, for example
from addressing the $1-2 trillion of untaxed
foreign earnings that U.S. companies have
accumulated overseas. The Budget proposes
to use the one-time savings generated from
transitioning to the new business tax system
to fill the Highway Trust Fund shortfall and
pay for the four-year transportation reauthorization proposal included in the Budget.
Boosting Private Investment Through a
Rebuild America Partnership. To help further drive infrastructure investment, the Budget
includes proposals aimed at enhancing the role
of private capital in U.S. infrastructure investment as a vital additive to the traditional roles of
Federal, State, and local governments.
Creating a National Infrastructure Bank.
The President continues to call for the creation of an independent, wholly-owned
Government entity to support increased investment in our Nations infrastructure. A
National Infrastructure Bank or similar financing entity with bipartisan support in
the Congress will have the ability to leverage private and public capital to support infrastructure projects of national and regional significance. In addition, such an entity
will be able to invest through loans and loan
guarantees in a broad range of infrastructure, including transportation, energy, and
water projects.
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evaluation of outcomes, leveraging Government
resources more effectively to meet national goals.
This proposal reduces fragmentation of STEM
education programs across Government, and focuses efforts around the five key areas identified
by the Federal STEM Education 5-Year Strategic
Plan: P-12 instruction; undergraduate education;
graduate education; broadening participation in
STEM to women and minorities traditionally
underrepresented in these fields; and education
activities that typically take place outside of the
classroom.
Making College More Affordable. The
President has placed a high priority on making
college affordable and helping Americans obtain
a meaningful college degree. Beginning in 2009,
the Administration has increased the maximum
Pell Grant for working and middle class families
by $1,000, to $5,730 in school year 2014-15, and
created the American Opportunity Tax Credit,
which helps more than 10 million students and
families each year pay for college. Last summer, the President directed the Department of
Education to develop and publish a new college
ratings system that will identify colleges that
provide the best value to students and encourage all colleges to improve. The Budget supports
the development and refinement of the ratings
system by investing in data initiatives or other
necessary projects. The Budget also provides new
College Opportunity and Graduation Bonuses to
reward colleges for improving educational outcomes for low- and moderate-income students.
The Budget includes an expansion of Pay As You
Earn (PAYE) repayment options to all student
borrowers, and reforms the PAYE terms to ensure
that the program is well-targeted and provides
a safeguard against raising tuition at high-cost
institutions.
Improving Training and Employment
Services. Helping workers acquire the skills
they need to pursue in-demand jobs and careers
is critical to growing our economy, ensuring
that everyone who works hard is rewarded, and
building a stronger middle class. The Budgets
approach to skills and training is guided by the
principle that all Federal investments should be
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centage of unemployed workers who are longterm unemployed is much higher than the last
time emergency unemployment benefits expired.
Economists have estimated that extending unemployment insurance would provide significant
returns, leading to 240,000 more jobs.
Partnering with Communities to Expand
Opportunity.
The Budget supports the
Administrations Promise Zone initiative, which
supports partnerships between the Federal
Government, local communities, and businesses
to create jobs, increase economic security, expand
educational opportunities, increase access to
quality, affordable housing, and improve public
safety. Communities are chosen through a competitive process and put forward a plan on how
they will partner with local business and community leaders to make investments that reward
hard work and expand opportunity. In exchange,
the Federal Government partners with these
communities to help them secure the resources
and flexibility they need to achieve their goals.
The President announced the first five Promise
Zone communities earlier this year and will create an additional 15 Promise Zones in the year
ahead. The Budget includes Promise Zone tax
incentives to stimulate growth and investments
in targeted communities, such as tax credits for
hiring workers and incentives for capital investment within the Zone. Through a combination of
the base budget and the additional resources provided in the Opportunity, Growth, and Security
Initiative, the Budget will support the Presidents
vision for Promise Zones by funding 40 new
Promise Neighborhoods and 10-14 new Choice
Neighborhoods.
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Ensuring Workers Receive the Pay and
Overtime They Earned. The Budget increases
support for DOLs Wage and Hour Division to increase enforcement of the laws that ensure workers receive appropriate wages and overtime pay,
as well as the right to take job-protected leave
for family and medical purposes. The Wage and
Hour Division will be able to hire 300 new investigators across the United States to help in this
effort, and will use risk-based approaches to target the industries and employers most likely to
break the law.
Ending Homelessness. The President has
set ambitious goals to end homelessness across
the Nation, and we have made significant progress, including reducing the total number of
homeless veterans by almost 18,000 since 2009.
By investing in homeless assistance and supportive services programs at both the Department
of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and
VA, the Budget keeps us on a path to end veterans homelessness in 2015 and end chronic
homelessness in 2016. In addition, the Budget
makes investments in rental assistance, which
plays an important role in helping extremely lowincome families avoid homelessness by providing
stable and affordable housing. The Budget funds
renewed assistance for 4.5 million low-income
families through HUDs core rental assistance
program, including providing 40,000 new housing vouchers for low-income families, including
10,000 for homeless veterans.
Expanding the EITC for Childless
Workers. Few things help families with children
pull themselves up through hard work like the
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). However, the
maximum EITC available to childless workers
(including non-custodial parents) is only $500,
and the credit is unavailable to workers under
age 25, which means that it cannot shape work
decisions during the crucial years at the beginning of a young persons career. The Budget will
double the maximum credit (to $1,000), make
the credit available to workers at slightly higher
income levels (e.g., a full-time minimum wage
worker at the current minimum wage), and lower
the age limit from 25 to 21, as a way to support
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the hands of dangerous criminals and other prohibited persons. To support those on the frontlines
across the United States, the Budget provides
training for State and local law enforcement to
prevent and respond to active shooters and prevent mass casualties. The Budget also enhances
our ability to identify mental health issues early
and ensures individuals get referred to treatment
before dangerous situations develop. To increase
the safety of schools nationwide, the Budget will
continue support for the Comprehensive School
Safety Program, and other initiatives to enhance
our schools physical security and create safer
and more nurturing school climates that help
prevent violence.
Reforming the Criminal Justice System
with the Smart on Crime Initiative. Last
summer, the Attorney General introduced the
Smart on Crime initiative, which is designed to
promote fundamental reforms to the criminal
justice system that will improve public safety,
save money, and ensure the fair enforcement of
Federal laws. The Budget supports the initiatives strategy of containing incarceration costs
over the long-term by reducing recidivism rates
and encouraging Federal prosecutors to seek
sentences in certain low-level drug cases that
maintain the highest degree of public safety and
consider the long-term incarceration costs to the
taxpayer.
Maintaining High Safety Standards in
the Transportation Sector. As energy production in the United States continues to rapidly increase, the Budget seeks to maintain high safety
standards. The Budget addresses risks through
new investments in data-driven safety interventions, research and testing, additional safety personnel, emergency response training, community
outreach, and other strategies. In addition, the
Budget proposes a Pipeline Safety Reform initia-
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tive to both enhance and reform the Federal standards that help protect the Nations safety.
Powering Africa.
The Administration
is bringing to bear a wide range of U.S.
Government tools and expertise to support investment in Africas energy sector.
The Budget supports infrastructure projects through the Millennium Challenge
Corporation and our contribution to the
African Development Bank, leverages
private sector investment through the
Export-Import Bank and Overseas Private
Investment Corporation, and provides critical technical assistance to African partners
through the Department of State, the U.S.
Agency for International Development, and
U.S. Trade and Development Agency. Both
the investments in the power sector themselves and the resulting economic growth
will expand the markets for U.S. goods in
sub-Saharan Africa.
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76.4%
76%
Baseline
74%
72%
President's
Budget
70%
69.0%
68%
2014
2016
2018
2020
2022
2024
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Medicare, Medicaid, and other Federal health
programs through payment innovations and other reforms that encourage high-quality and efficient care and continue the progress of reducing
cost growth. In total, these reforms would reduce
deficits by $402 billion in the next decade, and
about $1 trillion over the following decade.
Encouraging High-Quality, Efficient Care
among Medicare Providers. The Budget
continues a set of proposals that build on
initiatives included in ACA to help extend
Medicares solvency while encouraging provider efficiencies and improved patient care.
This includes proposals to encourage efficient post-acute care by adjusting payment
updates for certain post-acute care providers
and to incentivize the use of appropriate services through bundled payment and other approaches. The Budget also proposes to better
align payments to rural providers with the
cost of care and reduce Medicare bad debt
payments in a way that more closely matches private sector standards. Additional proposals to promote efficiency in the Medicare
program include: improving payment accuracy for Medicare Advantage; constraining Medicare cost growth; better aligning
payments to teaching hospitals with patient
care costs; modifying payment updates for
certain clinical laboratory services; creating appropriate incentives for physicians
self-referral of specified services; addressing
excess payments for Medicare Part B drugs
to hospitals and physicians; and expanding
the availability of Medicare data for performance improvement, fraud prevention, and
other purposes. Also, the Budget builds on
ACA initiatives that promote quality in the
Medicare program by linking payment to
the quality of care in additional provider settings. Together, these proposals would save
approximately $229 billion over 10 years.
Encouraging Beneficiaries to Seek HighValue Services. The Budget includes structural changes that will encourage Medicare
beneficiaries to seek high-value health care
services. To help improve the financial sta-
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investments, reduces the deficit as a share of the
economy to below two percent by 2023, and puts
debt as a share of the economy on a downward
path after 2015. The Budget also addresses the
Nations long-term fiscal challenges by building
on the savings and reforms in the Affordable
Care Act, reforming other mandatory programs,
and ending wasteful tax breaks that benefit the
wealthiest.
It is a Budget that shows how we can build on
the progress that has been made over the last five
years and ensure that our Nation remains strong
and prosperous, both now and in the future.
cost per transaction. The Budget includes initiatives designed to create user-friendly experiences for common services in areas such as veterans pension and disability applications, Social
Security, and taxpayer assistance. For example,
the Budget provides $100 million for the Social
Security Administration (SSA) for a new customer service modernization initiative to significantly
improve internet and in-person services at SSA.
The Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative
includes $150 million in additional funding to further reduce wait times and enhance services at
SSA. The Administration will also invest in building an eBenefits web portal at the Department
of Veterans Affairs, which will allow veterans to
manage their own benefits, while providing faster,
more accurate benefits claim processing. For businesses, the Budget proposes funds for the Small
Business Administrations (SBA) SBA ONE, a
single application for SBA loans that reduces
time and cost for lenders to process loans, as well
37
38
39
and programs into a new Department with
a focused mission to foster economic growth
and spur job creation. By bringing together
the core tools to expand trade and investment, grow small businesses, and support
innovation, this reorganization would help
American businesses compete in the global
economy, expand exports, and create more
jobs at home.
Cutting
Improper
Payments.
The
Administration has made reducing improper
paymentspayments made to the wrong entity, in the wrong amount, or for the wrong
reasona priority. When the President took
office in 2009, the improper payment rate
was 5.42 percent and rising. Since then, the
Administration, working with the Congress,
significantly reduced improper payments
through yearly reviews by agency inspectors
general and expanded audits for high priority
programs. This strengthened accountability
and transparency in payments resulted in the
improper payment rate declining to 3.53 percent in 2013 when factoring in DOD commercial payments. Furthermore, agencies recovered more than $22 billion in overpayments
through payment recapture audits and other
methods in 2013.
The Administration set a cross-agency
priority goal to reach a Government-wide
improper payment rate of three percent or
less by the end of 2016. To support that goal,
the Administration is advancing data analytics and improved technology to prevent
improper payments before they happen. The
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
has begun conducting a comprehensive analysis of agency-specific corrective actions to
identify programs with the highest returnon-investment or potential for substantially
reducing improper payments. This analysis
will help shape future guidance on improper
payments.
Saving on Real Estate Costs. The Federal
Government is the largest property owner in
the United States. There are opportunities
for savings by using Federal space more efficiently and disposing of unneeded space, and
40
Through the Freeze the Footprint policy, the Administration continues its work,
in collaboration with the Federal Real
Property Council, to improve the quality of
data on the real estate inventory and to develop key performance metrics. In addition,
the Budget includes $57 million to start
up the Civilian Property Realignment Act
(CPRA). CPRA would create an independent board of private and public sector real
estate experts that would make recommendations to the Congress on properties that
should be sold, consolidated, co-located, or
reconfigured. Legislation to create CPRA
would help to streamline the disposal process, generate $2 billion in savings through
the disposal of excess properties, and provide funds for real property reinvestment.
Further, modernization would support the
consolidation of the Federal real estate inventory and help reduce the Governments
operating costs.
41
to the public, Government can empower individuals and businesses to significantly increase the
publics return on investment in terms of innovation, job creation, and economic prosperity.
42
Dollars in millions
$2,500
$2,000
$1,500
$1,577 M
$1,174 M
$1,000
Realized
Savings
$884 M
Projected
Savings
$500
$313 M
0
May
2013
Jul
2013
Nov
2014
Feb
2014
Apr
2014
Jul
2014
Oct
2015
Jan
2015
Apr
2015
Jul
2015
Sep
2015
43
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Funding Highlights:
Provides $23.7 billion in discretionary resources for the Department of Agriculture to invest
in rural communities; nutrition assistance for vulnerable populations; renewable energy and
energy improvements to cut carbon pollution and make America more energy independent;
and agricultural research in key areas such as climate resilience and improved crop
production techniques. This includes:
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Providing the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
(WIC) the resources it needs to support estimated participation, which will improve birth
outcomes and support child development; and
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Strengthening bee and other pollinator habitats, a key component of strong U.S. food
production.
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Forest Service construction and renovation projects, as part of the National Parks
Centennial Initiative and the Presidents Americas Great Outdoors Initiative; and
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Activities to increase the resiliency of the Nations natural resources including landscape
and watershed restoration, hazardous fuels reduction, and community forest enhancement
and protection.
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
46
Reforms:
Brings about a fundamental shift in wildfire funding to safeguard communities and ecosystems,
investing in programs to improve the resilience of the Nations forests and rangelands and
providing a stable funding source for wildfire suppression.
Reforms crop insurance subsidies to companies and farmers to make the program less costly
to the taxpayer while still maintaining a quality safety net for farmers.
enacted level. While investments are made in renewable energy, rural development, and key research areas, the Budget makes tough choices to
meet tight discretionary caps. The Opportunity,
Growth, and Security Initiative provides
additional support for key priorities.
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48
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
this collaboration by having agencies work with
key Federal partners, agricultural producer organizations, conservation districts, States, Tribes,
non-governmental organizations, and other local
leaders to implement a monitoring framework
and begin collecting baseline performance data
to demonstrate that this focused and coordinated
approach can achieve significant improvements
in water quality.
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Funding Highlights:
Provides $8.8 billion in base discretionary funding for the Department of Commerce to create
the conditions for economic growth by promoting trade and investment, spurring innovation,
gathering and acting on environmental intelligence, and fueling a data-driven economy. This
includes:
||
Funding for the National Institute of Standards and Technology laboratories to accelerate
advances ranging from cybersecurity to advanced manufacturing, and to further expand
lab-to-market transfers of manufacturing and other technologies;
||
Supporting key trade enforcement and promotion activities that will grow the economy,
invest in underserved markets and regional economic development, and encourage
greater investment in the United States;
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Continuing the Administrations strong support for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administrations critical weather, research, and oceans programs, including fully funding
its next generation of weather satellites to maintain launch dates and provide critical, timesensitive information to decision-makers throughout the Government and private sector;
and
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Providing $753 million to support key research and testing of innovative design methods
necessary to achieve an effective 2020 decennial census at the lowest cost possible.
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research, including weather and
ocean research, and modernization of its observation and data gathering capabilities by
replacing a NOAA research vessel;
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Development of data and tools that businesses can use to help market and sell goods
abroad; and
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A Nation that is better prepared for the impacts of climate change by improving coastal
resilience to severe weather events, climate hazards, and changing ocean conditions,
including through research grants to improve severe weather prediction and the
understanding of climate change impacts on various sectors, including fisheries.
Reforms:
Closes one ocean science laboratory and consolidates another to improve efficiency and
reduce costs.
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54
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
enhance the Departments coordination and policy-making across broadband stakeholders, as
well as additional investments of over $20 million
for the Federal Communications Commission to
make critical reforms to its Universal Service
Fund program, make information technology
upgrades, and provide robust program support
for high priority 2015 spectrum auctions.
Protects Innovators and Ensures a WorldClass Patent System. Through implementation
of the America Invents Act, the U.S. Patent and
Trademark Office continues to make it easier for
American entrepreneurs and businesses to bring
their inventions to the marketplace sooner, converting ideas into new products and new jobs. The
Budget proposes several legislative reforms designed to improve the transparency and efficiency
of the American patent system, complementing a
series of administrative actions the Administration
announced in June 2013, which will help to protect
innovators from frivolous litigation and ensure the
highest-quality patents in the system.
Invests in an Efficient and Effective 2020
Decennial Census. The Budget provides $753
million, an increase of $281 million over the 2014
enacted level, to support key research and testing
of innovative design methods necessary to achieve
an effective 2020 decennial census at the lowest
cost possible. This research and testing phase
must be complete by the end of 2015 to make important 2020 operational decisions. Without this
additional funding for key testing, much of the
cost containment efforts leading up to the 2020
Census will face increasing operational risk and
decreasing accuracy.
Supports Evidence-Based
Decision-Making
Improves and Expands Federal Statistical
Measures. The Budget includes $16 million to invest in the development of three Commerce statistical measures that will improve evidence-based
decision-making across the Federal Government
and the private sector. In the Census Bureau,
$5 million is provided to improve the supplemental poverty measure to allow for more fair and
55
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Funding Highlights:
Provides $495.6 billion in discretionary funding for the base budget of the Department of
Defense to carry out our national defense strategy and protect national security. This includes:
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Ending the war in Afghanistan and, pending the signing of a Bilateral Security Agreement,
maintaining a small force of Americans and international partners to train and assist
Afghan forces and carry out limited counterterrorism operations in pursuit of any remnants
of al Qaeda;
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Protecting the homeland and ensuring a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent;
||
Sustaining our ability to project power and win decisively against both state adversaries
and terrorist threats;
||
Making progress toward restoring balance to the Joint Force by gradually raising
readiness levels negatively impacted by sequestration while supporting the transition to a
smaller military that is more agile and technologically superior;
||
Providing funds to recruit and retain the best-trained All-Volunteer Force; support military
families; care for wounded, ill, and injured servicemembers; make further, measurable
progress toward eliminating sexual assault in the military; and help servicemembers
effectively transition to civilian life; and
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57
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
58
Reforms:
Takes steps to slow the growth in military compensation and benefit costs to free up funds
for training and modernization while ensuring we continue to honor and support our men and
women in uniform.
Retires aging aircraft and adjusts the planned acquisition and refurbishment of select naval
assets, allowing for critical investments in new weapons systems and platforms.
Aligns infrastructure with current needs and includes institutional reform efforts, such as a
20 percent cut in operating budgets for headquarters staff, which will consolidate duplicative
efforts and streamline Department-wide management functions.
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60
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Allowance for Housing, and a 3.4 percent increase in the Basic Allowance for Subsistence.
All of these changes have been recommended by
the uniformed military leadership and are necessary to slow the growth in compensation and
benefit costs in a responsible way and preserve
funding needed for investments in platforms and
readiness.
Retires Unneeded Weapons Systems. In
concert with reductions in ground forces personnel, the Budget includes significant changes
to many of DODs weapons programs. For example, the Army plans to retire its aging Kiowa
Warrior helicopters and instead use upgraded
Apaches teamed with unmanned aerial vehicles
to meet the Kiowas armed reconnaissance mission. The Navy plans to temporarily decommission selected cruisers and return them to service
after significant modernization overhauls. The
Air Force plans to retire all of its single-mission
A-10Warthog aircraft and reduce the size of the
C-130 fleet. These decisions position DOD to
better support its highest priority missions.
Aligns Infrastructure with Current
Needs. In order to align DODs infrastructure with its mission and force structure, the
Budget requests authorization for a new round
of Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) in
2017. Without a new round of BRAC, DOD will
be forced to maintain unnecessary infrastructure
with resources that it could otherwise use to field
needed military capabilities. Further, the Office
of the Secretary of Defense has directed DOD
components to reduce headquarters operating
budgets by 20 percent over the next five years,
and it will also reorganize itself consistent with
that goal.
Generates More Value Out of Every
Defense Dollar. Generating more value out of
each defense dollar is a critical goal of DODs ongoing efforts to improve the defense acquisition system, operate with greater energy efficiency, and
achieve audit readiness. In the area of acquisition
reform, the Department has expanded its Better
Buying Power initiative to achieve affordable
programs, promote effective competition, control
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62
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
for procurement of manned and unmanned aircraft, helicopters, ground vehicles, and communication systems. It also expands the research and
development efforts that underpin all defense
modernization programs.
Makes Faster Progress Toward Restoring
Readiness Lost Under Sequestration. In
2013, significant reductions in funding degraded
readiness throughout the Joint Force by requiring sharp cuts to training, maintenance, and support. For example, the Air Force had to ground
33 squadrons and reduce an additional seven
squadrons to basic takeoff and land training for
several months. Although the base budget provides the resources needed to continue gradually
restoring readiness and balance, the Opportunity,
Growth, and Security Initiative provides the resources to expedite progress by supporting increased activity at depot maintenance facilities
around the country; greater training support;
and increased funding for fuel, spare parts, and
transportation costs.
Improves DOD Facilities. Sequestration
required significant funding cuts for DOD facilities, forcing the Department to defer some sustainment, restoration, and modernization (SRM)
costs, as well as some military construction projects. The base budget provides the funds necessary to keep DOD bases, housing, and other
facilities safe, secure, and operational, but not
enough to avoid long-term deterioration. The
Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative provides additional resources for SRM and construction at hundreds of DOD installations that will
generate jobs and reduce future costs to replace
buildings, roads, runways, and other facilities.
Provides $45.6 billion in base discretionary funding for the National Intelligence Program to
support national security goals and reflect a deliberative process to focus funding on the most
critical capabilities. This includes:
||
Funding to continue integrating intelligence across the Government to help policy officials
make decisions informed by the latest and most accurate intelligence available;
||
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Supporting military operations around the world by addressing both current and future
needs;
||
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Enhancing information sharing through expanded use of the IT cloud to facilitate greater
efficiency and improved data security across the intelligence information environment.
Reforms:
Supports the new presidential policy directive that governs signals intelligence collection and
strengthens Executive Branch oversight of signals intelligence activities.
Continues efforts to rightsize the workforce and to preserve critical current and future mission
capabilities in the current fiscal environment.
Reduces lower priority programs to enable investments in the most critical National
Intelligence Program capabilities.
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64
The
Supports the Military Services.
Budget supports the ability of the IC to play a
key role in informing military strategy and decision-making. The IC provides situational awareness for military leaders, particularly as needed
for force protection, targeting support, and other
timely and actionable intelligence. Planners look
to the IC for adversary plans, intentions, and capabilities. The Budget balances its focus between
current, immediate needs for U.S. military forces
engaged in operations with enduring intelligence
requirements for potential future military and
security needs.
Adapts to Evolving Cyberspace Oper
ations. Cyber threats are constantly evolving
and require a coordinated and comprehensive
way of thinking about cyberspace activities. No
U.S. sector, network, or system is immune from
penetration by those who seek to make financial
gain, to perpetrate malicious and disruptive activity, or to steal commercial or government secrets and property. The ICs goal is for relevant
pieces of information to be availableto those
with appropriate accessin order to connect the
dots in identifying cybersecurity threats while
protecting individual privacy and civil liberties.
65
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Funding Highlights:
Provides $68.6 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Education to build upon
investments in preschool access, ongoing K-12 reforms, and efforts to make college an
affordable and valuable investment for all Americans. Activities supported at the Department
include:
||
Establishing a landmark Preschool for All initiative, to ensure that Americas four-year-olds
have access to a high-quality early education;
||
Introducing a new Race to the Top Equity and Opportunity competition centered on
increasing the academic performance of high-need students and closing the achievement
gap;
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Supporting the ConnectED initiative that will connect 99 percent of American students to
the digital age, by providing teachers the professional development and support they need
to take full advantage of next-generation broadband and high-speed wireless networks
in schools and libraries and provide high-quality instruction that prepares students for
college and careers;
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Investing in high school redesign, to create more innovative schools that personalize
teaching and learning for students, prepare students early to succeed in college and
careers, and expose them to the demands of our high-tech economy;
||
Making our schools safer through the Presidents Now Is the Time initiative to reduce gun
violence and prevent future tragedies;
||
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Investing in programs that are driving change on the ground for school-aged children
such as Promise Neighborhoods, the Teacher Incentive Fund, Investing in Innovation, and
School Improvement Grants;
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Implementing the Presidents plan to make college more affordable and improve outcomes
by supporting the development of a new college ratings system, spurring performancebased reforms at the State level, rewarding institutions that produce strong outcomes for
Pell Grant recipients, and helping borrowers manage their student loan debt; and
67
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
68
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Supporting and testing innovative strategies and practices that improve college completion
rates and make college more affordable, particularly for low-income students, through the
First in the World fund, to help meet the goal of having the highest proportion of college
graduates in the world by 2020.
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Reforms:
Improves the impact of the Federal investment in science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) education by creating a fresh framework for delivering STEM education,
supporting what works, and reducing fragmentation.
Targets campus-based student aid programs so that funding goes to institutions that are
effective in enrolling and graduating Pell Grant-eligible students and keeping their costs low.
69
together State and local fiscal, student achievement, and human resource data systems, allowing
them to work in concert to provide underserved
students access to high-quality teachers and leaders, coursework, and other evidence-based supports. RTT Equity and Opportunity grants will
reward tracking resources at the school level and
using data, including return on investment metrics, to target intensive interventions to schools
that most need the extra help. The initiative
will also leverage resources from other Federal
programs, such as Title I Grants and State
Longitudinal Data Systems, which the Budget
proposes to double in funding to $70 million. The
Budget maintains significant investments in
Title I Grants and Individuals with Disabilities
Education Act (IDEA) Grants to States to ensure
communities receive a critical base of support for
their low-income and high-need students.
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
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DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Ensures that Student Debt Remains
Affordable. The Administration is helping student borrowers with existing debt manage their
obligations through income-driven repayment
plans such as Pay-As-You-Earn (PAYE) that cap
student loan payments at 10 percent of discretionary income. ED has contacted struggling
borrowers to make sure they are aware of these
new options, and ensure that they have the information they need to choose the best plan for
them. The Budget proposes to extend PAYE to all
student borrowers and reform the PAYE terms
to ensure that the program is well-targeted and
provides a safeguard against rising tuition at
high-cost institutions.
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Funding Highlights:
Provides $27.9 billion in discretionary funds for the Department of Energy that will: position
the United States to compete as a world leader in clean energy and advanced manufacturing;
enhance U.S. energy security; cut carbon pollution and respond to and prepare for the threat
of climate change; and modernize the nuclear weapons stockpile and infrastructure. This
includes:
||
||
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Maintaining the Presidents commitment to increase funding for key basic research
agencies by providing more than $5 billion for the Office of Science to conduct basic
research and invest in research infrastructure in areas such as foundational science for
clean energy and fundamental physics;
||
Providing $2.3 billion for the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy to build
on the Administrations success in reducing U.S. dependence on fossil fuels, promoting
energy efficiency, and doubling U.S. renewable electricity generation; and
||
Maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear arsenal to deter adversaries and protect
the Nation, while working to enhance national security through partnerships to detect,
secure, and eliminate unnecessary nuclear and radiological material worldwide.
Additional investments in clean energy to accelerate both research and the development
and deployment of new technologies, including innovative new materials, processes, and
system designs for sustainable vehicles and fuels, advanced manufacturing, solar and
wind energy, and more efficient buildings;
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A Race to the Top for Energy Efficiency and Grid Modernization that will provide incentives
for States to modernize their electricity grids and reduce energy waste;
73
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
74
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Reforms:
Achieves savings and efficiencies by eliminating $4 billion annually in fossil fuel subsidies,
cutting low priority and low performing programs, and increasing utilization of existing facilities
and infrastructure.
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
The Budget continues to make investments in
improving or replacing aging facilities; adding
funds for tritium production and plutonium manufacturing and experimentation; and sustaining
the existing stockpile by maintaining the underlying science, surveillance, and other support programs. These foundational capabilities provide
the bedrock that supports a safe, secure, and effective nuclear deterrent, and enables the United
States to continue its nuclear testing moratorium
in place since 1992. The Budget reflects a concerted effort to reduce the impact of the current fiscal
environment on these capabilities. The Uranium
Processing Facility, which has experienced cost
growth in the design, will apply lessons learned
from the analysis of the Chemistry and Metallurgy
Research Replacement-Nuclear Facility.
To accelerate modernization and maintenance
of nuclear facilities, the Opportunity, Growth, and
Security Initiative accelerates funding for infrastructure planning and improvements found in
the Readiness in Technical Base and Facilities
and the Site Stewardship programs. The Budget
also includes funds to increase nuclear science
and engineering research and development found
in the Campaigns. The Budget also proposes $1.4
billion to fund naval reactors. This funding continues operational support to nuclear powered submarines and aircraft carriers, and development
of the reactor for the replacement to the OHIO
class ballistic missile submarine, and recapitalization of the programs 55-year old nuclear fuel
infrastructure.
Reflecting a close partnership and shared commitment between NNSA and DOD to the Nations
defense, a portion of future funding for NNSA will
continue to be included in DODs outyear budget,
providing allocations to NNSA in each budget
year.
Prevents the Proliferation of Nuclear
Material, Technologies, Facilities, and
Expertise. The Budget proposes $1.6 billion to
prevent the proliferation of nuclear materials,
technologies, and expertise that can support the
spread of nuclear weapons and nuclear terrorism.
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Provides $77.1 billion in base discretionary resources for the Department of Health and
Human Services to help make coverage affordable, drive down long-term health care costs,
and improve care for millions of Americans, as well as to train new health care providers,
address public health priorities, assist vulnerable populations, and support medical research.
Activities supported at the Department include:
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Supporting the Affordable Care Acts health insurance coverage improvements that are
already providing coverage for millions of Americans through the operation of Health
Insurance Marketplace and the delivery of subsidies to make coverage affordable;
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Investing in a new initiative to improve access to high-quality health care providers and
services;
||
Promoting innovative medical research by providing $30.2 billion for the National Institutes
of Health, including increased resources for Alzheimers disease research and its
contribution to the BRAIN initiative;
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Improving and expanding mental health services for youth and families through the
Presidents Now is the Time initiative and targeted investments in the Medicaid program;
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Investing in high-quality services for the Nations youngest children, with increased funding
for Early Head Start-Child Care Partnerships and additional funds to expand evidencebased, voluntary home visiting; and
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Partnerships, and supporting Head Start grantees who are expanding program duration
and investing in teacher quality;
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Construction of two new Indian Health Service healthcare facilities to improve the health of
American Indians and Alaska natives.
Reforms:
Implements payment innovations and other reforms in Medicare and Medicaid and other
Federal health programs that encourage high-quality and efficient delivery of health care,
improve program integrity, and preserve the fundamental compact with seniors, individuals
with disabilities, and low-income Americans. These improvements will save approximately
$402 billion over the next decade.
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health clinics. The Budget fully funds tribal contract support costs. In addition, the Opportunity,
Growth, and Security Initiative includes an additional $200 million for the construction of IHS
healthcare facilities, which on average are 25
years older than other health care facilities.
Supports
Biomedical
Research
at
the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Biomedical research contributes to improving the
health of the American people. The Budget includes $30.2 billion for NIH to support research at
institutions across the United States, continuing
the Administrations commitment to investment
in Alzheimers research and NIHs contribution to
the multiagency BRAIN (Brain Research through
Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies) initiative. The Budget increases funding for innovative, high-risk high-reward research to help
spur development of new therapeutics to treat
diseases and disorders that affect millions of
Americans, such as cancer and Alzheimers disease. The Budget includes funding for a new advanced research program modeled after the cutting-edge Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA) program at the Department of
Defense. NIH will also implement new policies to
improve transparency and reduce administrative
costs. The Opportunity, Growth, and Security
Initiative includes an additional $970 million for
NIH, which would support about 650 additional
new grants and further increase funding for the
BRAIN and DARPA-inspired initiatives, and
invest in other critical priorities.
Strengthens National Preparedness for
All-Hazards, Including Naturally Occurring
Threats and Intentional Attacks. The Budget
includes $462 million to enhance the advanced
development of next generation medical countermeasures against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats, including resources for
the NIH Concept Acceleration Program, and the
Food and Drug Administrations (FDAs) medical
countermeasures regulatory science initiatives.
The Budget also provides $415 million for the
Project BioShield Special Reserve Fund, continuing the Governments long-term commitment to
the acquisition of new medical countermeasures
against chemical, biological, nuclear and radiological threats. The Budget provides an additional $170 million to continue support for high-priority pandemic influenza activities. In addition,
the Opportunity, Growth, and Security Initiative
supports $50 million to enhance progress on pandemic influenza preparedness, including supporting clinical trials for promising universal flu
vaccine candidates.
Expands Capacity to Detect, Prevent, and
Respond to Infectious Diseases. The goal
of the Global Health Security (GHS) Agenda is
to reduce risks posed to the United States and
global interests by emerging infectious diseases.
The Budget increases CDCs GHS activities by
$45 million to train epidemiologists and expand
public health emergency management capacity
and Global Disease Detection Centers in up to 10
countries. The Budget also invests $30 million
for the Advanced Molecular Detection Initiative
to identify the sources of emerging infectious diseases faster, determine whether microbes are resistant to antibiotics, and study how microbes are
moving through a population. The Budget more
than doubles CDC funding to combat antibiotic
resistance.
Expands Access to HIV/AIDS Treatment,
Care, and Prevention. The Budget expands
access to HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment
activities and supports the goals of the National
HIV/AIDS Strategy and HIV Care Continuum
Initiative to reduce HIV incidence, increase access to care and improve health outcomes for
people living with HIV, and reduce HIV-related
health disparities. The Budget invests $2.3 billion for the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program and
$1.1 billion for CDC HIV/AIDS, sexually transmitted diseases, tuberculosis, and hepatitis activities. The Budget also focuses HIV resources on
implementing effective, scalable, and sustainable
prevention strategies for persons living with HIV
and populations at highest risk for HIV.
Strengthens the Safety of U.S. Food and
Medicines. The Budget includes $2.6 billion in
budget authority and $4.7 billion in total resources for the FDA. Within this total, the Budget
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The Budget proposes to change current law to encourage non-custodial parents to take greater responsibility for their children while maintaining
rigorous enforcement efforts. The Budget also
continues funding for evidence-based models that
prevent teenage pregnancy to build on the dramatic progress that has been made in this area.
Supports Victims of Domestic Violence
and Human Trafficking. The Budget provides
$140 million for shelters, supportive services, and
a hotline for victims of domestic violence. The
Budget also includes $10 million for an HHS initiative to prevent and address domestic human
trafficking in addition to anti-trafficking efforts
by the Departments of Justice and Homeland
Security. This initiative will provide direct services to domestic victims of trafficking, train
service providers, and invest in data collection,
research, and evaluation.
Supports Work Opportunities for LowIncome Parents. The Budget proposes to redirect $602 million in annual Temporary Assistance
for Needy Families funding to a Pathways to Jobs
initiative, which will support State partnerships
with employers to provide subsidized job opportunities for low-income individuals. This proved in
recent years to be an effective strategy for getting
disadvantaged adults back into the workforce,
and the Budget proposes to build on that success.
Provides Targeted Energy Assistance to
Low-Income Families. The Budget provides
$2.8 billion for the Low Income Home Energy
Assistance Program to help families with residential heating and cooling costs, including $200
million in contingency funds to address extreme
weather conditions or short-term spikes in energy prices and $50 million for competitive grants
to reduce energy burdens. The requested funding
level represents a difficult decision in a challenging budget environment. The Administration
will continue to invest in weatherization and
energy efficiency to help cut costs for low-income
households.
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the continued development of scalable alternative payment models. After such a period of payment stability, the Administration supports incentives for providers to join such models, with a
streamlined value-based purchasing program for
providers who do not join. Such models should
encourage integrated care where networks of
providers work together to coordinate care and
are rewarded for providing high-quality, efficient
care. Successful care delivery models should engage seniors and individuals with disabilities
in achieving this goal. Input from physicians
and other professionals is important in designing these models as well. To complement these
changes, the Administration also supports reforms to improve the accuracy of Medicares current physician payment system.
Provides Tools to States to Improve
Medicaid and the Childrens Health
Insurance Program (CHIP). Medicaid is
critically important to providing health care
coverage to the neediest Americans, and the
Administration strongly supports State efforts
to expand Medicaid with the increased Federal
funding provided in the Affordable Care Act. The
Budget strengthens Medicaid and CHIP by providing tools to States, territories, and the Federal
Government to fight fraud, waste, and abuse, and
make it easier for eligible children to get and
maintain coverage. The Budget also includes
other program improvements aimed at improving efficiency and effectiveness as States expand
Medicaid. The Administration remains committed to providing affordable, comprehensive coverage for children covered by CHIP, and the Budget
proposes to extend the CHIP performance bonus
fund in anticipation of work with the Congress to
ensure their coverage.
Cuts and Reforms the Community Ser
vices Block Grant (CSBG). CSBG provides
funding for the important work of community
action agencies, but the programs current structure does little to hold these agencies accountable
for outcomes. The Budget provides $350 million
for CSBG and proposes to competitively award
funds to high-performing agencies that are most
successful at meeting community needs.
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through targeted programs within CDC. In addition, the Budget proposes small, targeted reductions in select HHS direct health care programs
(e.g., immunizations and cancer screenings)
because these services are now financed and
provided through expanded insurance coverage
for those gaining new coverage.
Provides $38.2 billion in non-disaster, net discretionary budget authority for the Department of
Homeland Security to protect the Nation from terrorist attacks, address critical capital needs,
and carry out core homeland security functions such as transportation security, cybersecurity,
disaster preparedness, and border security. This includes:
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Funding for major asset acquisitions, such as completing construction of the National Bioand Agro-Defense Facility, and resources to procure the Coast Guards eighth National
Security Cutter;
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Supporting the EINSTEIN intrusion detection and prevention system and continuous
diagnostics and mitigation, key Administration cybersecurity initiatives to address threats
and vulnerabilities against Federal computer systems and networks;
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Funding for programs that lead to job growth and expansion of the U.S. economy,
including a historic 25,775 Customs and Border Protection officers resulting in faster
processing and inspecting of passengers and cargo at U.S. ports of entry, as well as more
seizures of illegal items, such as drugs, guns, and counterfeit goods;
||
Focusing resources for immigration detention of mandatory and priority individuals, such
as violent criminals and those who pose a threat to national security, while expanding less
costly alternatives to detention programs; and
||
Providing $6.8 billion for disaster relief, of which $6.4 billion is requested as a
discretionary cap adjustment pursuant to the Budget Control Act.
State and local investments in homeland security and emergency preparedness through a
reformed National Preparedness Grant Program; and
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Reforms:
of a Federal Cyber Campus to co-locate key civilian cybersecurity agencies to promote a whole of
government approach to cybersecurity incident
response.
Sustains Essential Fire and Emergency
Response Coverage. The Budget provides
$1 billion in assistance to States and local
governments for the retention, rehiring, and
hiring of firefighters and emergency management
personnel in 2015.
Sustains and Expands CBP Staffing
Levels. The Budget proposes an historic level
of 25,775 Customs and Border Protection (CBP)
officers, including the 2,000 new CBP officers funded through 2014 appropriations as well as 2,000
additional officers through proposed increases to
user fees. These officers will help CBP process
increased travel and trade that flows through our
air, land, and sea ports of entry. This investment
is projected to add nearly 66,000 new jobs and $4
billion to the Gross Domestic Product, while helping to reduce wait times, and expediting the flow
of trade and tourism. In addition, these officers
will conduct 46,000 more seizures of illegal items,
including potentially over $5.5 million in counterfeit and fraudulent goods, further protecting U.S.
businesses.
Supports Now Is the Time by Strength
ening Training and Public Awareness to
Enforce Gun Safety Measures. To better
protect American communities from gun related
violence, the Budget includes $10 million in targeted investments at DHS. These funds will be
used to train local law enforcement to respond to
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Provides $46.7 billion for Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) programs,
including funding to expand the number of rental assistance vouchers and increase homeless
assistance for vulnerable families, as well as for targeted neighborhood investments to help
revitalize high-poverty neighborhoods. This includes:
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Funding rental housing assistance to support 4.5 million low-income families, including
Housing Choice Vouchers for 2.2 million very low-income families;
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Investing $2.4 billion for Homeless Assistance Grants to continue progress toward the
Administrations goals of ending chronic homelessness and homelessness among
veterans and families;
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Expanding affordable housing for the elderly and persons with disabilities by providing $45
million to assist over 5,000 new households;
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Investing $15 billion in the Project Rebuild program to help hardest hit communities reduce
blight from foreclosed and abandoned homes and turn the corner to recovery;
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Providing $1 billion to capitalize the Housing Trust Fund to expand the supply of housing
targeted to extremely low-income families; and
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Providing $650 million to address the housing needs of Native American Tribes and $332
million for the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS program.
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Increased job training and financial incentives for a total of 50,000 households in public
housing through Jobs-Plus, an evidence-based program that has been shown to boost
annual incomes by $1,300 on average.
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Reforms:
Proposes a series of reforms to the Community Development Block Grant and HOME
Investment Partnerships programs to improve administrative efficiency, drive regional
coordination, and ultimately strengthen the long-term viability of the programs.
maintain affordable rental housing for 1.2 million families. This amount is $0.2 billion below
the 2014 enacted level, but sufficient to continue assistance to the same number of units currently subsidized. Further, the Budget provides
$6.5 billion in operating and capital subsidies to
preserve affordable public housing for 1.1 million families, an increase of $0.3 billion over the
2014 enacted level. An additional $10 million for
the Rental Assistance Demonstration (RAD) will
be targeted to public housing properties in highpoverty neighborhoods, including designated
Promise Zones, where the Administration is also
supporting comprehensive revitalization efforts.
RAD leverages private financing to reduce backlogs of capital repairs and the Budget proposes to
eliminate the cap on the number of units eligible
for this demonstration.
Makes Progress on the Federal Strategic
Plan to Prevent and End Homelessness.
The Budget provides $2.4 billion for Homeless
Assistance Grants, $0.3 billion above the 2014
enacted level. This funding supports new permanent supportive housing units and maintains
over 330,000 HUD-funded beds that assist the
homeless nationwide. In addition, under the
Housing Choice Voucher program, the Budget
proposes $75 million to expand assistance under
the HUD-Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing
(HUD-VASH) program to 10,000 homeless veterans. Supported by the collection of robust data
and using best practices from across the Nation,
this evidence-based investment will continue to
make progress toward the Presidents homelessness goals, including providing the resources
needed to end veterans homelessness by 2015 and
to end chronic homelessness by 2016. Between
2010 and 2013, homelessness among veterans
declined by 24 percent, and the total number of
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Planning and Investment Grants. These investments will help fully realize the Presidents vision for Promise Zones, and assist communities in developing comprehensive housing and
transportation plans that help expand economic
opportunity.
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Provides $12 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of the Interior, reflecting
ongoing commitments to protect critical national landscapes, responsibly manage energy
development on Federal lands and waters, and support Federal trust responsibilities to Native
American Tribes and communities. This includes:
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Launching an historic effort to revitalize the Nations parks for the next century in
commemoration of the National Park Service Centennial;
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Investing in the safety, reliability, and efficiency of Americas water infrastructure and in
conservation, reuse, and applied science to address the Nations water supply challenges;
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Supporting tribal priorities in Indian Country, including full funding for contract support
costs and a new initiative to address high rates of poverty, substance abuse, and
homelessness; and
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Full support for the National Parks Centennial Initiative, which will create thousands of
jobs over three years and make America an even more attractive destination for travel and
tourism;
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Additional resources for the Department, especially the U.S. Geological Survey, to conduct
scientific monitoring, research, and analysis that advances priorities such as energy
development, ecological restoration, and climate resilience;
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Reforms:
Continues efforts to manage and promote the ecological sustainability and resilience of
ecosystems on a landscape and watershed scale, such as the California Bay-Delta, the
Everglades, the Great Lakes, Chesapeake Bay, and the Gulf Coast.
Proposes oil and gas management reforms to generate $2.5 billion in savings over 10 years,
building on the Administrations efforts to encourage diligent development of Federal energy
resources while improving the return to taxpayers from royalty reforms.
Reforms oversight of mining on Federal lands and reduces the environmental impacts of coal
and hardrock mining by dedicating and prioritizing funds to reclaim abandoned mines.
The Department of the Interiors (DOIs) mission is to protect Americas natural resources
and cultural heritage, manage development of
energy and mineral resources on Federal lands
and waters, provide scientific and other information about the Nations natural resources, manage and develop water infrastructure, and honor
trust responsibilities to American Indians and
Alaska Natives and commitments to Insular areas. In support of this mission, the Budget provides $12 billion for DOI, a three percent increase
over the 2014 enacted level. The Budget continues the Administrations historic commitment to
Americas natural heritage by proposing mandatory funds for Land and Water Conservation Fund
programs. This funding will provide the stability
needed for agencies and States to make strategic,
long-term investments in the Nations natural
infrastructure and outdoor economy to support
jobs, preserve natural and cultural resources, bolster outdoor recreation opportunities, and protect
wildlife. The Budget also includes legislative proposals that will save taxpayers more than $2.7
billion over the next 10 years, including reforms
to fees, royalties, and other payments related to
oil, gas, coal, and other mineral development on
Federal lands and waters.
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Eliminates
Wasteful
Spending
and
Provides a Fair Return to Taxpayers from
Mineral Development. The Budget proposes a
number of other actions that eliminate wasteful
spending and ensure taxpayers receive a fair return from mining on Federal lands. This includes
charging a royalty on select hardrock minerals
such as silver, gold, and copperand terminating
unwarranted payments to coal producing States
and Tribes that no longer need funds to clean up
abandoned coal mines.
Increases Investments in Science to
Support Decision-Making. The Budget provides strong support for basic and applied science, including $889 million for research and
development, which is a seven percent increase
over the 2014 enacted level. This funding supports scientific monitoring, research, and analysis to assist decision-making in natural resource
and land management and in fulfilling the special trust responsibilities of DOI and other federally mandated programs. Specific activities
include science needed to conduct energy permitting, ecosystem restoration and management, Earth observationssuch as water and
wildlife monitoringand tribal natural resource
management.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Funding Highlights:
Provides $27.4 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Justice to fund core law
enforcement needs, safe and secure prisons, and other Federal, State, and local programs.
This includes:
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Providing new resources in support of the Now is the Time initiative to ensure that those
who are not eligible to purchase or possess guns are prevented from doing so;
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Continuing strong support for law enforcement components focused on national security,
cyber security, and counter terrorism efforts and reducing illegal trafficking and violent and
financial crimes;
||
Reducing the time it takes for the Department to respond to legal assistance requests
from foreign partners and to help develop legally sufficient requests, thereby improving
the Departments ability to support foreign partners in investigating and prosecuting
criminals;
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Investing in efforts to combat and respond to violent crimes against women; and
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Improving reentry initiatives by expanding Second Chance Act programs and working
to reduce recidivism rates by providing drug treatment, increasing alternatives to
incarceration, and strengthening family and parental ties.
Targeted investments in State and local justice assistance grants, including additional
resources for the Comprehensive School Safety Program and a new youth investment
initiative;
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Additional resources for infrastructure and personnel at Federal prisons to speed-up the
process of bringing on-line newly completed or acquired prisons; and
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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
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Additional funding for investigating and prosecuting the full spectrum of financial fraud,
helping to protect investors, consumers, and taxpayers.
Reforms:
Supports the Administrations Smart on Crime initiative by providing dedicated funding to the
United States Attorneys for Prevention and Reentry Coordinators, while improving reentry
initiatives by expanding Second Chance Act programs and reducing recidivism rates by
expanding drug treatment.
Ensures that Federal funds flow to evidence-based activities by making additional resources
available for alternatives to incarceration, gun safety initiatives, police hiring, and other
initiatives to improve the targeting and effectiveness of grant assistance.
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initiative, including $15 million for prisoner reentry programs and for Prevention and Reentry
Coordinators in United States Attorneys offices.
The Budget also supports assisting inmates with
reentering society and reducing the population
of individuals who return to prison after being
released, including $15 million for the Bureau
of Prisons to expand the Residential Drug Abuse
Program at the Federal level and $14 million
in the Office of Justice Programs to expand the
Residential Substance Abuse Treatment program
at the State and local level. In addition, through
State and local assistance programs, the Budget
provides $115 million for the Second Chance Act
Grant program to reduce recidivism and help
ex-offenders return to productive lives.
Addresses the Immigration Case Backlog.
To help increase efficiency in the immigration
courts, the Budget provides enhancements to the
Executive Office for Immigration Review to add
35 new immigration judge teams, expand the
successful Legal Orientation Program, and establish a pilot program to implement additional
efficiencies in the immigration court system.
Supports Program Evaluation and Policy
Analysis. Evidence and rigorous evaluation of
budget, management, and policy decisions are essential to ensuring that Americans are receiving
the maximum value for each Federal dollar spent.
The Budget invests $1.7 million to develop new
multidisciplinary program evaluation and policy
analysis capability within the Department. The
objective is to strengthen analysis of the potential impact of policy options and then track and
monitor implementation of policy decisions.
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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Promotes Community Policing.
The
Budget includes $274 million to support evidencebased community policing in the Nations local
law enforcement agencies. Of the amount provided, $247 million is for the hiring and retention
of approximately 1,300 police officers and sheriffs deputies across the United States. To help
ensure the safety and security of tribal partners,
$35 million of the total is set aside for Tribal Law
Enforcement.
Promotes Fair and Equal Treatment in
the Justice System. The Budget invests in several programs to promote access to justice and
to build community trust, including $24 million
for indigent defense and civil legal aid initiatives
and $9 million to establish a National Center for
Building Community Trust and Justice, which
will promote procedural fairness in policing, use
deterrence strategies to reduce crime, and encourage police departments to track the quality
of their interactions with the public.
Prioritizes Evidence-Based Practices
that Work at the State and Local Level. The
Budget bolsters the Administrations efforts to
ensure that more Federal grant funding flows to
evidence-based activities that work in State and
local criminal justice. The Budget increases setasides for research, evaluation, and statistics;
couples the formula Byrne Justice Assistance
Grant and Juvenile Accountability Block Grant
programs with competitive incentive grants
that provide bonus funds to States and localities that adopt evidence-based practices, strategies, and programming that incorporate outcome
driven performance measures; expands the Pay
for Success initiative, which leverages philanthropic and private dollars to fund services up
front, with the Government paying after they
generate results; adopts a more evidence-based,
data-driven use of competitive grant funds; and
invests in the expansion of CrimeSolutions.gov, a
what works clearinghouse for best practices in
criminal justice, juvenile justice, and crime victim
services.
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Funding Highlights:
Provides $11.8 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Labor by making targeted
investments to improve job training and employment programs; strengthen enforcement
of laws that protect workers wages and working conditions; ensure a strong safety net for
workers who lose their jobs or are hurt on the job; and promote a secure retirement for
workers at the end of their careers. Activities supported at the Department include:
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Raising the minimum wage so that hard-working Americans can earn wages that allow
them to support their families and make ends meet;
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Ensuring that Americans have the help and support they need to develop their skills and
secure good jobs;
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Increasing support for agencies that protect workers wages and overtime pay, benefits,
health and safety, and investing in preventing and detecting the misclassification of
employees as independent contractors; and
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Assisting Americans who need to take time off from work to care for a child or other family
member by helping States launch paid leave programs.
Investment in a Community College Job-Driven Training Fund, which includes grants that
would support doubling the number of apprenticeships in America over the next five years;
||
Increased innovation and performance incentives in the workforce system and additional
resources targeted to populations that face significant barriers to employment; and
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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
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Reforms:
Promotes innovative, job-driven approaches to training and employment services and higher
performance through the Workforce Innovation Fund and improved Incentive Grants, so
American workers can gain the skills to find good jobs and employers can find the workers they
need.
Creates a single program to help all displaced workers as part of a larger effort to modernize
the Federal job training system.
build their skills for a better one, and for employers who need help finding qualified workers.
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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
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not be sufficient to address the complex challenges facing these plans. The Administration looks
forward to working with the Congress to develop
a more comprehensive solution. This proposal is
estimated to save $20 billion over the next decade.
Strengthens the UI Safety Net and
Improves Program Integrity. The combination
of chronically underfunded reserves and the economic downturn has placed a considerable financial strain on States UI operations. Currently, 16
States owe more than $21 billion to the Federal
UI trust fund. As a result, employers in those
States are now facing automatic Federal tax increases, and many States have little prospect of
paying these loans back in the foreseeable future.
At the same time, State UI programs have large
improper payment rates. It is important to put
the UI system back on the path to solvency and
financial integrity while maintaining benefits for
job seekers. The Administration proposes to provide immediate relief to employers to encourage
job creation now, reestablish State fiscal responsibility going forward, and work closely with States
to eliminate improper payments.
Modernizes Federal Workers Compen
sation. The Budget acts on longstanding recommendations from the Government Accountability
Office, the Congressional Budget Office, and
DOLs Inspector Generalas well as numerous
Securing Americans Value and Efficiency (SAVE)
Award nominationsto reform the Federal
Employees Compensation Act (FECA), which has
not been substantially updated since 1974. The
Budget proposes a series of FECA reforms that
will generate Government-wide savings of more
than $340 million over 10 years.
Provides a total of $40.3 billion in base discretionary funding for the Department of State
and U.S. Agency for International Development, equal to the 2014 enacted level. In addition,
provides $5.9 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations activity. This includes:
||
Dedicating $1.5 billion for the Middle East and North Africa to address the growing
humanitarian crisis in Syria and support transitions and reforms in the region;
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Advancing Power Africa, the Presidents historic initiative to partner with African countries
and the private sector to expand electricity generation and access to power in subSaharan Africa;
||
Investing $4.6 billion to secure overseas personnel and facilities, including sufficient
funding to support embassy security construction funding of $2.2 billion, as recommended
by the Benghazi Accountability Review Board;
||
Providing $3 billion for peacekeeping missions to share global security burdens with other
nations and respond to new peacekeeping requirements;
||
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Continuing a multi-year plan for Feed the Future to make strategic investments addressing
the root causes of hunger and poverty and increase food security for millions by 2015.
Provides $1 billion for the Millennium Challenge Corporation to support poverty reduction
through economic growth.
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Foreign assistance programs that have a proven track record of fostering economic growth,
reducing poverty, and improving health, such as contributing to a 70 percent decline in
child mortality over the last 20 years and a long-term income gain for millions of people in
developing countries; and
||
Reserving $300 million to match more ambitious pledges from other donors to the Global
Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria.
Reforms:
Proposes food aid reforms that allow approximately two million more people per year to be
helped in emergencies within current resources, ensuring more cost-effective use of taxpayer
resources.
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including by supporting bilateral and multilateral engagement with major and emerging economies; reducing emissions from deforestation and
forest degradation; and expanding clean energy
use as well as energy efficiency.
Engages the Global Community and
Empowers the Next Generation of Global
Leaders. The Budget advances efforts to make
U.S. global engagement and public diplomacy
more flexible tools to achieve U.S. foreign policy
goals. To engage and empower emerging leaders
in key regions, the Budget provides $44 million
for youth leadership programs in sub-Saharan
Africa and Southeast Asia. Global events and
trends now start, spread, and shape countries in
an instant. The Budget includes $25 million for a
rapid response exchange program to enable immediate engagement with key actors and groups
when opportunities for engagement emerge. In
addition, the Budget increases funding to promote private educational exchanges, particularly
in target areas such as the Western Hemisphere
and China, as well as economic opportunity development and the engagement and strengthening
of civil society.
Invests in Poverty Reduction Through
Economic Growth. The Budget provides $1
billion for MCC, whose core mission is to reduce
poverty through economic growth. These resources will be used for programs which address
the binding constraints to economic growth in
developing countries that have been deemed eligible for MCC assistance based on performance
on independent policy indicators. MCC has a
robust model for projecting and measuring the
impact of its programs, has demonstrated a commitment to evidence-based decision-making from
its inception, and anticipates having a large role
in the Presidents Power Africa initiative. MCC
has invested nearly two-thirds of its portfolio in
increasing global trade and creating enabling
environments throughout the developing world
where the American private sector can partner,
compete, succeed, and bring key benefits, like
jobs, back home. The Opportunity, Growth, and
Security Initiative would provide an additional
$350 million for MCC, which will support at least
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Funding Highlights:
Provides a total of $91 billion in discretionary and mandatory budgetary resources for the
Department of Transportation.
Includes $302 billion for a four-year, surface transportation reauthorization proposal to support
critical infrastructure projects and create jobs while improving Americas roads, bridges, transit
systems, and railways. This includes:
||
||
Providing $1.25 billion per year for the competitive TIGER Grant program, which helps
States and localities support innovative projects that deliver exceptional transportation
benefits;
||
Implementing a new four-year, $10 billion freight program designed to eliminate existing
freight transportation bottlenecks and improve the efficiency of moving goods in support of
the Presidents National Export Initiative; and
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Increasing funding for transit and passenger rail programs from $12.3 billion to $22.3
billion in 2015, expanding transit capital investment grants, significantly improving existing
and new intercity passenger rail service, and strengthening the economic competitiveness
of the Nations freight rail system.
Provides $14 billion in discretionary resources to fund air, maritime, rail safety, and pipeline
and hazardous material transportation activities, including:
||
$836 million for the Next Generation Air Transportation System, a revolutionary
modernization of the Nations aviation system;
||
$370 million to support a National Airspace System Sustainment Strategy to reduce the
Federal Aviation Administrations multi-billion dollar maintenance backlog;
||
$40 million for a multi-modal fund to support safe shipping of crude oil via rail and truck by
ramping up inspection resources, research and development and testing, and response
capability; and
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
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$158 million for a more robust, rigorous, and data-driven pipeline safety program to ensure
the highest level of safety for Americas pipeline system.
An additional $186 million investment in the Next Generation Air Transportation System,
which makes the total request roughly $1 billion. This funding provides the Federal Aviation
Administration flexibility to aggressively develop and deploy more time and fuel saving
capabilities while also addressing serious maintenance backlogs.
Reforms:
Focuses airport grants to support smaller airports, while giving larger commercial service
airports additional flexibility to raise their own resources.
Provides $4 billion for a new competitive surface transportation program that would incentivize
States and localities to pursue ambitious performance improvements.
package. This would support critical infrastructure projects and create jobs, while improving
Americas roads, bridges, transit systems, and
railways. The reauthorization proposal will also
include reforms to improve the review process
and delivery of infrastructure projects; support
American exports by improving movement within
the Nations freight networks; increase economic
mobility by linking economically isolated communities to job opportunities; permanently authorize
the TIGER grant program to help spur innovation by competitively awarding funding to projects around the Nation; improve regional coordination by Metropolitan Planning Organizations
to stimulate economic development; and advance
the Climate Action Plan by building more resilient infrastructure, reducing transportation
emissions by shifting travel growth from roads
to transit, and encouraging sounder transportation planning. The Administration is committed
to supporting the ongoing bipartisan dialogue on
surface transportation by providing a legislative
proposal that reflects this critical blueprint.
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
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Provides $13.8 billion for the Department of the Treasury to maintain a strong economy by
promoting the conditions that enable economic growth and job creation. This includes:
||
Continuing to implement the Affordable Care Act to provide quality, affordable health
care for millions of Americans who would otherwise be uninsured, including through the
delivery of tax credits and cost sharing assistance to make coverage affordable while
reducing health care costs and the deficit;
||
Continuing to implement the Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to create a
more stable and responsible financial system;
||
Investing $12.5 billion, including a program integrity initiative, in the Internal Revenue
Service (IRS) to improve service to taxpayers and reduce the deficit through more
effective enforcement of tax laws;
||
Investing $1.5 billion for a new round of the successful State Small Business Credit
Initiative, enabling States to support innovative partnerships of their design that increase
small business lending and investment; and
||
Investing $225 million in the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund to spur
jobs and healthier communities in underserved areas.
||
An expansion of the level of detail and capabilities of sorting Federal spending data to
enable more effective Federal and non-Federal use of this data.
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Reforms:
Provides for a comprehensive review of U.S. currency production and use, including developing
alternative options for the penny and the nickel.
Proposes a multi-year program integrity cap adjustment for the IRS, including $480 million
in 2015, to deliver additional resources to critical tax enforcement and compliance functions
that reduce the deficit and narrow the tax gap by nearly $6 for every $1 spent once fully
implemented, with total savings of $35 billion over the next 10 years.
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Provides $65.3 billion in discretionary funding for the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), to
provide needed care and other benefits to veterans and their families. In addition, the Budget
includes $3.1 billion in estimated medical care collections, for a total budget authority of
approximately $68.4 billion. This includes:
||
Protecting critical funding for VA medical care by providing $56 billion, in addition to
requesting $58.7 billion in 2016 advance appropriations for medical care programs, to
ensure continuity of veterans health care services;
||
Funding programs that, along with programs at the Department of Housing and Urban
Development and other Federal agencies, aim to end veterans homelessness; and
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Supporting continuing improvements in the delivery of mental health care and the
development of telehealth technologies, specialized care for women veterans, and
benefits for veterans caregivers.
Includes $1 billion in mandatory funding to create the Veterans Job Corps program that would
put thousands of veterans back to work over the next five years protecting and rebuilding
America.
An additional $400 million investment in high priority capital projects to address critical
safety issues, improve services, and meet increased demand for veterans services.
Reforms:
Addresses the VA claims backlog and improves the Departments efficiency by investing
$138.7 million in the Veterans Claims Intake Program, continuing to implement the paperless
claims system, and undertaking additional efforts to provide faster and more accurate benefits
claims processing and improve veterans access to benefits information.
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Funding Highlights:
Provides $4.5 billion for the Army Corps of Engineers civil works program, focused on
investments in areas that will yield high economic and environmental returns or address a
significant risk to public safety. This includes:
||
||
Supporting investment in maintenance work and related activities at the most heavily used
coastal ports and inland waterways in the Nation.
Reforms:
Reforms how the Federal Government finances capital investments in support of navigation
on the inland waterways, including a new user fee.
Increases the organizational efficiency of the Corps and improves the management,
oversight, and performance of ongoing programs to meet water resources needs and achieve
savings.
The Army Corps of Engineers civil works program (Corps) develops, manages, and restores
water resources to promote economic growth,
increase public safety, and protect the environment. The Corps work focuses primarily on the
construction, operation and maintenance of water resources projects, studies of potential new
projects, and its regulatory program. The Corps
also works with other Federal agencies to help
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supports reforms within the Corps that will improve its efficiency and ensure projects deliver
the highest return for taxpayers.
Provides $7.9 billion for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to protect human health
and the environment. This includes:
||
Supporting the Presidents Climate Action Plan to reduce carbon pollution from power
plants, vehicles and other sources and prepare the Nation for the unavoidable impacts of
climate change;
||
Improving coordination with other Federal agencies and State, local, and tribal emergency
planning and response organizations in assessing and managing chemical facility safety
and security; and
||
Increasing support for State and tribal environmental protection by $76 million for
implementation of delegated authorities, including support for air and water quality
management and building tribal program capacity.
A Nation that is better prepared for the impacts of climate change by protecting and
enhancing coastal wetlands and supporting urban forest enhancement and protection.
Reforms:
Redesigns how EPA does business through realigning its workforce while ensuring staff have
the skills they need to address todays environmental protection challenges in partnership with
States.
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135
136
Provides $17.5 billion in discretionary funding for the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) by prioritizing the research and development that lays the foundation
for future long-term growth and exploration, as well as the key commercial partnerships that
will enable the efficient long-term operations of the International Space Station. This includes:
||
||
Allowing NASA and its international partners to continue the research and technology
development work that holds promise to improve life on Earth, advance human capability
to live and work in space, and allow long-term human exploration missions;
||
Partnering with the commercial space industry to regain the capability to send astronauts
into space cost-effectively from U.S. soil;
||
||
Keeping the development of the James Webb Space Telescope, the more powerful
successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, on track for a 2018 launch; and
||
The development of game-changing space technologies that will lower the cost and
increase the capabilities of future space activities;
||
||
Science missions and research that will enhance human understanding of the Earth and
solar system; and
||
NASAs investment in a heavy lift rocket and crew capsule for deep space exploration.
137
138
Reforms:
Achieves savings by reducing funding for lower priority programs, such as the Stratospheric
Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. These savings enable continued support for higher priority
programs, including lower cost, competitive science missions, and extended operations for the
Cassini Saturn mission.
139
Maximizes Resources
Supports High-Quality STEM Education
Programs. The Budget continues NASAs effort
to consolidate its education efforts into a more
focused portfolio funded through the Office of
Education. Additionally, the Budget provides $15
million to NASAs Science Directorate to fund the
best application of NASA Science assets to meet
the Nations STEM education goals through a
competitive process.
Boosts
Sustainability
and
Energy
Efficiency of NASA Facilities. The Budget
supports a number of initiatives to help NASA
facilities operate in a more efficient and sustainable manner. Today, more than 80 percent of
NASA buildings are beyond their design life. The
Budget supports NASAs efforts to replace or modernize inefficient buildings, providing jobs to local
communities, and leading to increasingly efficient
use of taxpayer dollars. For example, the Budget
supports cost-saving investments across NASA
that will reduce the agencys footprint, co-locate
140
Provides $7.3 billion for the National Science Foundation to expand the frontiers of knowledge
and to lay the foundation for long-term economic growth by building an innovation economy
and educating a globally competitive workforce. This includes:
||
||
An additional 1,000 new research grants in areas such as neuroscience and materials
science; and
||
Reforms:
Increases the impact of the Agencys investments and operational efficiency by increasing
public access to the results of research and reducing the cost of processing research grant
proposals.
141
142
143
Funding Highlights:
Provides $710 million for the Small Business Administration (SBA) to create jobs, invest in
competitiveness, and grow Americas small businesses. This includes:
||
Supporting more than $36 billion in loan guarantees to enable more than 55,000 loans to
entrepreneurs to start up and expand small businesses and create jobs;
||
||
Continuing fee waivers put in place in 2014 on small business loans to support lower-cost
financing to veterans and populations underserved by the credit market;
||
Continuing the expansion of financing available for Small Business Investment Companies
including helping innovative small businesses obtain early-stage financing through the
Impact Investment Fund and Early-Stage Innovation Fund;
||
Supporting more than $1 billion in low-cost direct loans for homeowners, renters, and
businesses of all sizes that are available in the event of disaster, ensuring that the agency
can continue to fulfill its critical role in the Federal Governments disaster response efforts;
and
||
145
146
Reforms:
Creates a single, streamlined application for SBA loan products called SBA ONE, which will
reduce the time and cost for lenders to process loans and encourage lenders to make more
loans.
Small businesses play a vital role in supporting job creation, economic growth, and U.S.
global competitiveness. They create two out of
every three net new jobs in the United States
and half of all working Americans own, or are
employed, by a small business. The Small
Business Administrations (SBA) mission is to
help Americans start, build, and grow businesses,
which in turn fuels the growth of a strong middle
class. To achieve this mission, the Budget provides $710 million through appropriations and
an additional $155 million in disaster relief funding. Small business loan guarantees are funded
at levels sufficient to meet expected demand,
but continue at a reduced subsidy cost relative
to the 2014 enacted level, largely due to improving economic conditions and lower estimated
loan defaults. The savings realized through
lower credit subsidy costs allow investments to
be made in SBAs technical assistance programs
and other initiatives aimed at growing Americas
small businesses, thus delivering impact to more
communities across the United States.
147
Streamlines
and
Simplifies
Loan
Applications for SBA Lenders. The Budget
supports SBA ONE, a reformed lending platform
that will streamline and simplify the loan process by using one set of forms for all 7(a) loans.
The platform will serve as a single entry point
for all steps of the loan process, from determining eligibility through closing out the loan, and
provide one data management system to measure
and evaluate loan trends and performance. SBA
ONE will simplify the lending process by lowering the cost of underwriting small dollar loans,
thereby increasing the expected total number of
lenders offering SBA financing and expanding
small business access to capital.
148
Provides $12.1 billion in funding for the operations of the Social Security Administration to
provide services to the American public, including workers, retirees, surviving spouses and
children, and people with disabilities. This includes:
||
||
Reforms:
Funds pilot projects to test innovative strategies to help people with disabilities remain in the
workforce, in partnership with other Federal agencies.
The Social Security Administration (SSA) administers the Old Age, Survivors, and Disability
Insurance program and the Supplemental
Security Income (SSI) program. The President
believes that Social Security is critical to ensuring that all Americans have the opportunity
to retire with dignity and that Americans with
disabilities do not have to experience economic
hardship. To fund this commitment, the Budget
includes $12.1 billion for SSA operations. The
149
150
Provides $1.05 billion for the Corporation for National and Community Service to support
efforts to address national and local challenges. This includes:
||
Supporting the service of a record 114,000 AmeriCorps members across the United
States, and encouraging people of all ages and backgrounds to serve; and
||
Investing in promising new approaches to major community challenges through the Social
Innovation Fund, and continuing to allow the use of up to 20 percent of the funds for Pay
for Success projects.
Reforms:
Incorporates the Senior Companion and Foster Grandparent models into AmeriCorps to
achieve administrative efficiencies, increase competition, and more effectively engage older
Americans in national service.
Integrates RSVP, a program that supports senior volunteer opportunities, into the Volunteer
Generation Fund to improve the Corporation for National and Community Services ability to
support older Americans in volunteer activities.
151
152
tion by proposing 31 additional program consolidations or eliminations, and focuses ongoing efforts
around the five key areas identified by the Federal
STEM Education 5-Year Strategic Plan.
153
154
cies agencies are undertaking that require no further number of measures detailed in Table S-9 (see Sumaction by the Congress, many of which were sug- mary Tables section of this volume), including a progested through the Presidents SAVE Award program. posal to align Medicare drug payment policies with
Medicaid rebate policies for low-income beneficiaSavings from the Administrations program integ- ries, reducing the net cost of this valuable benefit.
rity proposals, totaling $99 billion through 2024, are This change alone will save about $117 billion over
detailed in the Budget Process chapter of the Analyt- the next 10 years. The Budget takes other critical
ical Perspectives volume. As these tables show, the steps to save money, such as preventing individuals
Budget includes a robust package of proposals that from collecting disability and unemployment benmodify Medicare provider payments totaling about efits for the same period of time. This reform will
$354 billion over the next 10 years. These include a save $3.2 billion over 10 years.
155
2014
2015 Change
from 2014
2015
Cuts
317 Immunization Program, Department of Health and Human Services
612
561
51
50
.........
50
30
.........
30
10
.........
10
90
85
47
.........
47
35
20
15
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Direct Healthcare Screenings, Department of Health and Human Services
251
209
42
.........
.........
.........
Clean Water and Drinking Water State Revolving Funds, Environmental Protection Agency
2,356
1,775
581
Community Development Block Grant - Formula Funds Only, Department of Housing and Urban Development
3,030
2,800
230
674
350
324
20
.........
20
1,049
737
312
.........
Education Research Centers and Agricultural Research, Department of Health and Human Services
52
.........
52
Effective Teacher and Leader State Grants (Title II), Department of Education
2,350
2,000
350
Enhancing the Mathematical Sciences Workforce in the 21st Century, National Science Foundation
10
5,919
5,648
271
562
476
86
.........
3,350
2,900
450
300
275
25
100
49
51
.........
.........
14
.........
14
10
.........
10
High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas, Office of National Drug Control Policy
239
193
46
1,000
950
50
1,289
1,222
67
.........
1,350
1,118
232
46
40
Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program, Department of Health and Human Services
3,425
2,800
625
1,781
1,205
576
1,060
986
74
.........
18
9
13
13
.........
20
12
888
863
25
156
2014
Office of the Assistant Secretary Grant Programs, Department of Health and Human Services
2015 Change
from 2014
2015
91
66
25
Office of the Federal Coordinator for Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects
.........
2,861
2,600
261
Prevention and Care Management Research, Department of Health and Human Services
23
11
12
Preventive Health and Health Services Block Grant, Department of Health and Human Services
160
.........
160
.........
.........
51
.........
51
32
.........
32
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
Sungrants1
.........
.........
Water Quality1
.........
.........
.........
Rural Hospital Flexibility Grant Programs, Department of Health and Human Services
41
26
14
.........
57
35
22
12
19
Senior Community Service Employment Program, Department of Health and Human Services
434
380
54
180
.........
180
.........
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration1
84
12
72
.........
313
194
119
.........
28
24
.........
Water and Wastewater and Community Facilities Loan Guarantees, Department of Agriculture1
.........
462
304
158
17
.........
17
12
.........
12
.........
37,007
30,948
6,059
157
2014
2015 Change
from 2014
2015
Consolidations
Central Utah Project, Department of the Interior
.........
30
30
.........
.........
.........
108
.........
108
.........
.........
.........
[11]
[13]
[26]
[9]
[2]
[13]
[7]
[49]
[15]
.........
.........
.........
1,178
1,139
39
817
815
2,142
1,961
181
252
2,085
.........
243
1,886
.........
9
199
.........
2,337
2,129
208
41,486
35,038
6,448
Savings
This cut has been identified as a lower priority program activity for purposes of the GPRA Modernization Act, at 31 U.S.C. 1115(b)(10). Additional information regarding
this proposed cut is included in the respective agencys Congressional Justification submission, where applicable.
158
2016
2017
2018
2019
20152019 20152024
Cuts
Coal Tax Preferences, Department of Energy
Domestic Manufacturing Deduction for Hard Mineral Fossil Fuels1
Expensing of Exploration and Development Costs1
Percent Depletion for Hard Mineral Fossil Fuels1
Royalty Taxation1
Crop Insurance Program, Department of Agriculture
Geothermal Payments to Counties, Department of the Interior2
Oil and Gas Company Tax Preferences, Department of Energy
Increase Geological and Geophysical Amortization Period for Independent
Producers to Seven Years1
Repeal Credit for Oil and Gas Produced from Marginal Wells1
Repeal Deduction for Tertiary Injectants1
Repeal Domestic Manufacturing Tax Deduction for Oil and Natural Gas
Companies1
Repeal Enhanced Oil Recovery Credit1
Repeal Exception to Passive Loss Limitations for Working Interests in Oil and
Natural Gas Properties1
Repeal Expensing of Intangible Drilling Costs1
Repeal Percentage Depletion for Oil and Natural Gas Wells1
Offset Disability Benefits for Period of Concurrent Unemployment Insurance Receipt2
Unrestricted Abandoned Mine Lands Payments, Department of the Interior2
Total, Mandatory Cuts
36
39
167
20
691
4
63
66
173
43
1,232
4
67
69
182
47
1,435
4
70
73
195
49
1,466
4
73
77
203
52
1,507
4
309
324
920
211
6,331
20
726
679
2,052
508
14,280
42
103
.........
10
382
.........
10
596
.........
10
581
.........
10
463
.........
10
2,125
.........
50
3,081
.........
100
963
.........
1,614
.........
1,585
.........
1,522
.........
1,453
.........
7,137
.........
14,218
.........
5
2,317
1,502
.........
48
5,905
7
3,244
1,568
56
35
8,497
7
2,348
1,469
254
28
8,101
7
1,803
1,375
390
34
7,579
6
1,469
1,306
414
36
7,073
32
11,181
7,220
1,114
181
37,155
59
14,350
13,030
3,231
295
66,651
11
16
24
60
309
.........
532
770
52
932
830
113
1,022
970
147
1,072
1,220
182
1,137
1,450
494
4,695
5,240
2,243
14,955
15,260
3,480
4,793
10,698
10,590
12,405
20,902
19,820
21,933
30,034
24,810
27,265
34,844
30,700
33,493
40,566
89,400
99,889
137,044
353,720
386,487
453,138
Savings
FECA Reform, Department of Labor
Federal Employees Health Benefits Program Reforms, Office of Personnel
Management
Health Care (Medicaid Proposals), Department of Health and Human Services
Health Care (Pharmaceuticals), Department of Health and Human Services3
Medicare Provider Payment Modifications, Department of Health and Human
Services3, 4
Total, Mandatory Savings
Total, Mandatory Cuts and Savings
This cut has been identified as a lower priority program activity for purposes of the GPRA Modernization Act, at 31 U.S.C. 1115(b)(10). Additional information regarding
this proposed cut is included in the Governmental Receipts chapter of the Analytical Perspectives volume.
2
This cut has been identified as a lower priority program activity for purposes of the GPRA Modernization Act, at 31 U.S.C. 1115(b)(10). Additional information regarding
this proposed cut is included in the respective agencys Congressional Justification submission, where applicable.
3
Medicare savings estimates do not include interactions.
4
In addition to the savings reported on this table, the Budget includes an additional $68.3 billion in 10-year savings for Medicare Structural Reforms, as detailed on Table
S-9.
1
The SAVE Award logo denotes a proposal that was suggested by a Federal employee through the SAVE Award program.
159
2014
2015
20142018
Department of Agriculture
Reduce Mailings at the Food Safety Inspection Service
-0.002
-0.003
-0.009
0.000
0.000
-0.138
0.000
0.000
-1.000
0.000
-4.500
-18.000
-1.700
-4.800
-20.900
0.000
-0.140
-1.821
0.036
-0.638
-3.700
Department of State
Use E-Mail for Follow-Up Passport Information Requests
Department of Veterans Affairs
Online Tracking of Veterans Mail Prescription Deliveries
Multi-Agency
Share Employee Training Certifications Across Agencies
Note: Amounts in this table include estimated savings from actions agencies are implementing to reduce costs that require no further action by the Congress.
* Savings estimates under development.
The SAVE Award logo denotes this savings action was suggested by a Federal employee through the SAVE Award program.
SUMMARY TABLES
161
Totals
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
2,775
3,002
3,337
3,568
3,811
4,030
4,226
4,452
4,706
4,954
5,212
5,478
18,972
43,775
Outlays
Deficit
3,455
680
3,651
649
3,901
564
4,099
531
4,269
458
4,443
413
4,729
503
4,964
512
5,209
504
5,485
530
5,694
482
5,912
434
21,441
2,468
48,705
4,930
11,983
12,903
13,592
14,257
14,843
15,370
15,982
16,603
17,213
17,850
18,441
18,986
10,926
11,575
12,138
12,669
13,127
13,540
14,043
14,555
15,058
15,588
16,070
16,503
16,619
17,332
18,219
19,181
20,199
21,216
22,196
23,200
24,225
25,280
26,381
27,531
Receipts
16.7%
17.3%
18.3%
18.6%
18.9%
19.0%
19.0%
19.2%
19.4%
19.6%
19.8%
19.9%
18.8%
19.2%
Outlays
Deficit
20.8%
4.1%
21.1%
3.7%
21.4%
3.1%
21.4%
2.8%
21.1%
2.3%
20.9%
1.9%
21.3%
2.3%
21.4%
2.2%
21.5%
2.1%
21.7%
2.1%
21.6%
1.8%
21.5%
1.6%
21.2%
2.5%
21.4%
2.2%
72.1%
74.4%
74.6%
74.3%
73.5%
72.4%
72.0%
71.6%
71.1%
70.6%
69.9%
69.0%
65.7%
66.8%
66.6%
66.1%
65.0%
63.8%
63.3%
62.7%
62.2%
61.7%
60.9%
59.9%
163
164
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2015
2019
2015
2024
628
3.6%
561
3.1%
568
3.0%
560
2.8%
558
2.6%
657
3.0%
707
3.0%
741
3.1%
887
3.5%
914
3.5%
942
3.4%
2,905
2.9%
7,097
3.1%
.........
.........
.........
33
1
1
14
2
2
4
3
2
2
3
3
1
3
3
1
3
3
*
3
3
*
3
3
.........
3
4
.........
3
4
54
11
11
55
28
28
.........
.........
4
38
9
38
12
38
14
38
12
.........
7
.........
5
.........
3
.........
2
.........
1
.........
51
150
70
150
.........
.........
*
8
1
10
4
9
6
9
8
8
10
8
11
7
12
7
12
6
11
6
19
44
76
78
.........
*
*
5
6
5
6
6
6
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
26
27
60
60
.........
20
*
33
47
24
60
2
58
14
51
31
43
35
34
39
32
45
58
52
63
52
216
9
140
215
12
32
Total, investments
20
18
45
29
18
33
18
69
106
117
143
127
1
.........
.........
*
2
37
6
*
8
42
1
1
18
50
10
2
25
58
15
7
33
64
17
12
44
70
18
18
53
75
20
25
63
80
23
32
72
85
29
41
89
91
31
50
81
251
37
22
402
651
158
188
29
51
80
105
126
150
173
198
227
260
391 1,399
SUMMARY TABLES
Debt service
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2015
2019
2015
2024
.........
.........
7
10
41
17
59
17
65
17
69
18
71
19
74
20
94
21
105
27
110
6
241
79
695
171
.........
.........
.........
3
8
*
3
10
*
4
12
1
1
8
3
1
6
6
1
3
8
1
5
11
1
4
14
1
5
18
1
6
22
12
29
10
19
52
84
.........
13
31
51
58
62
63
69
90
99
131
189
641
20
37
103
145
155
195
238
357
432
509
649
564
531
458
413
503
512
504
530
482
434
437 2,167
2,468
4,930
Percent of GDP.....................................................................................
3.7%
3.1%
2.8%
2.3%
1.9%
2.3%
2.2%
2.1%
2.1%
1.8%
1.6%
2.5%
2.2%
* $500 million or less.
1
See Tables S4 and S8 for information on the adjusted baseline.
2
For total deficit reduction since January 2011, see Table S3.
3
Business tax reform transition revenue finances the $70 billion cost of above-baseline surface transportation investments (the PAYGO cost of the reauthorization proposal)
plus $78 billion in cash transfers necessary to ensure Transportation Trust Fund solvency over the four-year reauthorization period.
4
Reverses mandatory sequestration for 20152023. Extension of mandatory sequestration to 2024 was enacted subsequent to the completion of the 2015 Budget baseline
and policy estimates.
165
166
1,622
80
723
690
3,115
533
171
158
862
3,977
159
Debt service
Total, investments in growing the economy and creating opportunity
32
127
402
Revenue proposals
651
Immigration reform
158
Debt service
Total, additional deficit reduction
188
1,399
171
19
52
30
168
5,335
3,370
1,807
Immigration reform
158
SUMMARY TABLES
Proposed Budget Control Act cap adjustment for disaster relief and wildfires
780
695
334
Debt service
Total, savings in overseas contingency operations (OCO)
1,809
1
Excludes savings from reductions in OCO.
2
Consists of mandatory sequestration for 20152023 and discretionary cap reductions for 20162021.
Excludes extension of mandatory sequestration to 2024 enacted subsequent to the completion of the
2015 Budget estimates.
3
See Table S2 for details on investment proposals.
167
168
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
Outlays:
Appropriated (discretionary) programs:
Defense
Non-defense
626
522
612
562
606
543
653
542
675
552
687
559
700
569
711
581
728
592
745
605
763
618
781
632
3,321
2,766
7,050
5,795
1,147
1,174
1,150
1,195
1,227
1,246
1,270
1,292
1,321
1,350
1,381
1,414
6,088 12,845
Mandatory programs:
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid
Other mandatory programs
808
492
265
521
852
513
308
560
896
529
331
659
947
580
353
697
1,003
596
373
712
1,063
617
393
704
1,127
682
416
752
1,195
734
440
778
1,264
790
466
807
1,337
879
493
847
1,415
914
522
852
1,499
947
556
858
5,037 11,748
3,003 7,268
1,868 4,345
3,524 7,666
2,086
2,234
2,415
2,577
2,684
2,777
2,977
3,147
3,326
3,556
3,704
Net interest
221
223
251
318
393
480
563
635
697
761
827
886
2,005
5,812
.........
10
10
10
10
10
40
90
.........
3,455
.........
3,633
10
3,812
73
4,025
96
4,217
102
4,409
105
4,714
107
4,978
107
5,247
54
5,623
38
5,884
10 387 704
6,160 21,178 49,069
1,316
1,389
1,498
1,606
1,727
1,854
1,971
2,094
2,223
2,353
2,487
2,622
274
333
412
463
488
501
512
524
538
552
566
585
2,376
5,141
673
209
732
219
756
231
808
248
848
261
896
276
942
291
984
304
1,039
320
1,090
336
1,139
352
1,191
368
4,251
1,307
9,693
2,987
Unemployment insurance
Other retirement
57
8
60
9
59
9
59
10
58
10
54
11
54
11
56
12
56
13
58
13
59
14
61
15
283
51
572
118
Excise taxes
84
94
99
100
105
108
114
118
123
129
135
143
526
1,174
19
16
18
19
20
22
23
24
26
27
29
31
102
240
Customs duties
32
35
38
41
44
48
51
54
58
61
65
70
222
529
76
90
88
58
34
20
25
34
43
47
54
58
225
462
27
2,775
27
3,005
43
3,251
45
3,457
61
3,656
62
3,851
63
4,057
66
4,271
67
4,505
68
4,736
70
4,970
Deficit
680
628
561
568
560
558
657
707
741
887
914
942
2,905
Net interest
221
223
251
318
393
480
563
635
697
761
827
886
2,005
5,812
Primary deficit
459
405
310
250
167
79
94
72
44
126
87
56
900
1,285
On-budget deficit
719
648
558
569
548
538
623
651
676
800
800
799
2,837
6,563
39
19
12
20
34
56
66
87
114
143
68
534
Receipts:
8,656 20,435
7,097
SUMMARY TABLES
74
274
620
5,218 18,273 41,973
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
600
606
608
666
681
696
711
727
743
760
779
798
3,362
7,170
536
521
496
532
544
556
569
581
593
608
623
638 2,696 5,739
Non-defense
Total, appropriated funding
1,136 1,127 1,104 1,199 1,225 1,252 1,280 1,308 1,336 1,368 1,402 1,436 6,059 12,909
* $500 million or less.
1
See Table S-8 for information on adjustments to the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act (BBEDCA) baseline.
2
These amounts represent a placeholder for major disasters requiring Federal assistance for relief and reconstruction. Such assistance might be provided in the form of
discretionary or mandatory outlays or tax relief. These amounts are included as outlays for convenience.
3
Includes discretionary cap reduction for 2016 through 2021 and mandatory sequestration for 2015 through 2023.
4
Excludes discretionary cap reductions for Joint Committee enforcement.
169
170
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
Outlays:
Appropriated (discretionary) programs:
Defense
Non-defense
626
522
612
562
623
563
584
569
570
576
570
579
577
585
583
593
592
599
602
588
615
591
630
604
2,925
2,871
5,946
5,845
1,147
1,174
1,186
1,153
1,146
1,149
1,162
1,176
1,191
1,190
1,206
1,233
5,796 11,791
Mandatory programs:
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid
Other mandatory programs
Allowance for immigration reform
808
492
265
521
.........
852
513
309
577
.........
896
526
336
691
8
947
569
355
739
11
1,003
575
372
754
18
1,063
589
392
744
24
1,126
648
415
790
28
1,193
690
439
812
29
1,262
737
464
841
35
1,335
817
492
879
41
1,413
843
521
882
48
1,496
863
552
890
56
5,035 11,734
2,906 6,855
1,870 4,337
3,719 8,024
89
298
2,086
2,251
2,458
2,621
2,723
2,811
3,007
3,163
3,339
3,563
3,707
Net interest
221
223
252
318
392
474
551
616
669
721
772
.........
3,455
2
3,651
6
3,901
8
4,099
8
4,269
9
4,443
9
4,729
10
4,964
10
5,209
10
5,485
10
5,694
10
40
90
5,912 21,441 48,705
1,316
1,386
1,534
1,648
1,781
1,920
2,047
2,179
2,314
2,451
2,592
2,733
274
333
449
502
528
540
514
527
542
557
571
592
2,533
5,322
673
209
57
8
732
219
60
9
758
232
57
9
811
249
57
10
850
263
71
10
898
278
69
11
945
293
64
11
987
306
67
12
1,042
323
68
13
1,094
339
69
13
1,143
355
71
14
1,195
372
72
15
4,262
1,315
319
51
9,723
3,009
665
118
Excise taxes
84
94
111
115
119
122
127
130
135
140
146
154
594
1,299
812
1,985
5,576
Receipts:
8,930 21,197
19
16
18
20
21
23
39
42
46
49
53
57
120
368
32
35
37
41
44
48
51
54
58
61
65
70
221
528
76
90
88
58
34
20
25
34
43
47
54
58
225
462
27
27
43
45
62
63
64
67
68
69
71
74
278
627
.........
2,775
.........
3,002
2
3,337
12
3,568
28
3,811
39
4,030
45
4,226
47
4,452
55
4,706
64
4,954
77
5,212
Deficit
680
649
564
531
458
413
503
512
504
530
482
434
2,468
4,930
Net interest
221
223
252
318
392
474
551
616
669
721
772
812
1,985
5,576
459
425
312
214
66
60
48
103
166
191
290
379
483
646
On-budget deficit
719
670
564
535
448
395
472
458
440
449
374
298
2,414
4,433
39
21
10
18
31
54
64
81
108
136
55
497
87
126
456
5,478 18,972 43,775
SUMMARY TABLES
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
600
606
628
561
569
578
586
595
604
614
629
646
2,922
6,010
536
521
531
557
564
573
582
590
598
578
593
610 2,807 5,777
Non-defense
Total, appropriated funding
1,136 1,127 1,159 1,118 1,133 1,151 1,168 1,185 1,202 1,192 1,222 1,256 5,730 11,787
* $500 million or less.
1
These amounts represent a placeholder for major disasters requiring Federal assistance for relief and reconstruction. Such assistance might be provided in the form of
discretionary or mandatory outlays or tax relief. These amounts are included as outlays for convenience.
171
172
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2015
2019
2015
2024
Outlays:
Appropriated (discretionary) programs:
Defense
Non-defense
3.8
3.1
3.5
3.2
3.4
3.1
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.3
2.2
2.9
2.9
2.7
2.6
6.9
6.8
6.5
6.0
5.7
5.4
5.2
5.1
4.9
4.7
4.6
4.5
5.8
5.3
Mandatory programs:
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid
Other mandatory programs
Allowance for immigration reform
4.9
3.0
1.6
3.1
.........
4.9
3.0
1.8
3.3
.........
4.9
2.9
1.8
3.8
*
4.9
3.0
1.8
3.9
0.1
5.0
2.8
1.8
3.7
0.1
5.0
2.8
1.8
3.5
0.1
5.1
2.9
1.9
3.6
0.1
5.1
3.0
1.9
3.5
0.1
5.2
3.0
1.9
3.5
0.1
5.3
3.2
1.9
3.5
0.2
5.4
3.2
2.0
3.3
0.2
5.4
3.1
2.0
3.2
0.2
5.0
2.9
1.9
3.7
0.1
5.1
3.0
1.9
3.5
0.1
12.6
13.0
13.5
13.7
13.5
13.3
13.5
13.6
13.8
14.1
14.1
14.0
13.5
13.7
Net interest
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.2
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
3.0
1.9
2.4
.........
20.8
*
21.1
*
21.4
*
21.4
*
21.1
*
20.9
*
21.3
*
21.4
*
21.5
*
21.7
*
21.6
*
21.5
*
21.2
*
21.4
7.9
8.0
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.7
9.8
9.9
8.8
9.2
1.6
1.9
2.5
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.5
2.4
4.1
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.4
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.4
0.3
0.1
4.2
1.3
0.3
0.1
4.3
1.3
0.3
0.1
Excise taxes
0.5
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.2
Customs duties
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
.........
16.7
.........
17.3
*
18.3
0.1
18.6
0.1
18.9
0.2
19.0
0.2
19.0
0.2
19.2
0.2
19.4
0.3
19.6
0.3
19.8
0.3
19.9
0.1
18.8
0.2
19.2
Deficit
4.1
3.7
3.1
2.8
2.3
1.9
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.1
1.8
1.6
2.5
2.2
Net interest
1.3
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.9
2.2
2.5
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.9
3.0
1.9
2.4
2.8
2.5
1.7
1.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.7
0.8
1.1
1.4
0.5
0.2
On-budget deficit
4.3
3.9
3.1
2.8
2.2
1.9
2.1
2.0
1.8
1.8
1.4
1.1
2.4
2.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.1
0.2
Receipts:
SUMMARY TABLES
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2015
2019
2015
2024
3.6
3.5
3.4
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.9
2.7
3.2
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.2
2.2
2.8
2.6
Non-defense
Total, appropriated funding
6.8
6.5
6.4
5.8
5.6
5.4
5.3
5.1
5.0
4.7
4.6
4.6
5.7
5.2
*0.05 percent of GDP or less.
1
These amounts represent a placeholder for major disasters requiring Federal assistance for relief and reconstruction. Such assistance might be provided in the form of
discretionary or mandatory outlays or tax relief. These amounts are included as outlays for convenience.
173
174
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Outlays:
Appropriated (discretionary) programs:
Defense
Non-defense
623
563
567
552
537
542
520
528
511
517
500
508
492
497
485
474
480
462
477
458
1,186
1,119
1,079
1,049
1,028
1,008
990
959
942
935
Mandatory programs:
Social Security
Medicare
Medicaid
Other mandatory programs
Allowance for immigration reform
896
526
336
691
8
920
552
344
718
11
944
541
350
710
17
970
537
358
679
22
996
573
367
699
25
1,023
591
376
696
25
1,048
612
386
699
29
1,076
658
396
708
33
1,104
659
407
690
38
1,135
654
418
675
42
2,458
2,545
2,564
2,565
2,659
2,712
2,775
2,872
2,898
2,924
Net interest
252
308
369
432
487
528
556
581
603
616
6
3,901
7
3,980
8
4,019
8
4,054
8
4,182
8
4,256
8
4,330
8
4,420
8
4,451
8
4,483
1,534
1,600
1,677
1,752
1,810
1,868
1,923
1,975
2,026
2,073
449
487
497
493
455
451
450
449
447
449
758
232
57
9
788
242
55
9
800
247
67
10
819
254
63
10
836
259
57
10
846
262
57
10
866
268
56
10
882
273
55
11
893
277
56
11
906
282
54
12
Excise taxes
111
112
112
111
112
112
112
113
114
116
18
19
20
21
35
36
38
40
42
43
Receipts:
Customs duties
37
39
42
44
45
46
48
49
51
53
88
56
32
18
22
29
36
38
42
44
43
44
59
57
57
57
56
56
55
56
2
3,337
12
3,464
26
3,588
36
3,677
40
3,737
40
3,817
46
3,911
52
3,993
60
4,074
66
4,154
Deficit
564
516
431
377
445
439
419
427
377
329
Net interest
252
308
369
432
487
528
556
581
603
616
312
207
62
55
42
89
138
154
227
287
On-budget deficit
564
520
422
361
417
393
366
362
292
226
16
27
46
53
65
84
103
SUMMARY TABLES
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Defense
628
545
536
527
518
510
502
495
492
490
Non-defense
Subtotal, appropriated programs
531
1,159
541
1,086
531
1,067
523
1,050
515
1,033
506
1,016
497
999
466
961
464
955
463
953
1.00
1.03
1.06
1.10
1.13
1.17
1.20
1.24
1.28
1.32
Memorandum, index of population growth and inflation
*$500 million or less.
1
These amounts represent a placeholder for major disasters requiring Federal assistance for relief and reconstruction. Such assistance might be provided in the form of
discretionary or mandatory outlays or tax relief. These amounts are included as outlays for convenience.
175
176
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
20152019
2024
20152024
680
617
568
617
629
637
721
773
812
907
918
918
3,171
7,498
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
24
26
26
26
25
25
25
154
.........
14
12
10
11
12
13
14
50
110
.........
.........
17
.........
.........
3
9
1
14
1
13
*
14
*
11
*
33
*
37
*
38
*
40
*
40
*
41
1
84
*
280
.........
.........
24
13
15
14
13
19
65
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
24
66
65
96
83
102
88
105
91
107
94
107
98
54
46
38
30
10
2
370
351
687
622
.........
.........
24
61
.........
10
10
10
10
10
40
90
55
58
59
60
60
59
60
61
61
62
63
64
298
609
55
.........
58
.........
59
.........
60
.........
60
.........
59
.........
60
.........
61
.........
61
.........
62
.........
63
.........
64
.........
298
.........
609
.........
.........
11
49
67
74
55
54
57
12
40
251
313
.........
.........
*
11
*
6
*
49
2
68
5
79
8
63
11
66
14
71
16
20
16
4
16
25
15
266
88
401
680
628
561
568
560
558
657
707
741
887
914
942 2,905
Adjusted baseline deficit
*$500 million or less.
1
The baseline permanently continues the tax benefits provided to individuals and families that were extended only through taxable year 2017 under ATRA.
2
Includes adjustments for program integrity.
3
Consists of mandatory sequestration for 2016-2023 and discretionary cap reductions for 2016-2021. Excludes extension of mandatory sequestration to 2024 enacted
subsequent to the completion of the 2015 Budget estimates.
4
These amounts represent a placeholder for major disasters requiring Federal assistance for relief and reconstruction.
7,097
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
......... 32,588
13,842
4,485
1,993
1,108
553
221
55
.........
.........
54,016
54,845
.........
691
1,232
1,435
1,466
1,507
1,539
1,566
1,598
1,621
1,625
6,331
14,280
.........
.........
200
425
650
660
670
680
690
695
700
1,935
5,370
.........
.........
56
254
390
414
416
419
426
441
415
1,114
3,231
.........
225
325
425
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
2,075
4,825
......... 1,482
......... 2,398
2,157
3,970
2,334
4,873
2,512
5,568
2,697
5,828
2,940
6,115
3,233
6,448
3,479
6,743
3,638
6,945
3,905
7,195
11,182
22,637
28,377
56,083
70,108
.........
3,534
9,244
12,436
14,057
11,914
7,225
4,565
3,295
2,349
1,489
51,185
......... 22,000
18,000
19,000
19,000
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
78,000
78,000
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
150,000
150,000
.........
130
1,235
3,110
5,456
7,360
8,773
9,787
10,560
10,275
9,356
17,291
66,042
.........
.........
20
150
115
1,350
400
3,510
575
6,031
900
8,260
1,075
9,848
1,400
11,187
1,575
12,135
1,900
12,175
2,075
11,431
2,010
19,301
10,035
76,077
......... 7,797
9,936
9,350
8,738
8,203
7,721
7,267
6,840
6,438
5,927
44,024
78,217
490
6,308
6,335
6,362
6,444
6,536
6,653
6,760
6,874
6,978
25,939
59,740
......... 2,153
1,951
1,762
1,474
1,403
1,443
1,219
972
765
655
8,743
13,797
......... 2,151
3,009
3,227
3,461
3,691
3,936
4,207
4,470
4,691
4,836
15,539
37,679
325
450
474
497
521
544
568
593
619
647
2,267
5,238
.........
.........
309 4,629
53
5,463
162
5,625
279
5,711
406
6,021
481
6,404
501
6,495
522
6,557
544
6,619
567
6,705
900
27,449
3,515
60,229
.........
309
177
178
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
178
188
105
63
40
.........
.........
.........
.........
574
581
.........
.........
4
.........
4
.........
4
.........
5
.........
5
.........
5
.........
5
.........
5
.........
5
.........
5
.........
22
.........
47
.........
.........
28
28
29
29
29
30
30
31
32
33
143
299
.........
20
27
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
131
291
Total, Agriculture
.........
126
129
45
23
58
66
68
70
72
278
56
Education:
Recognize Educational Success, Professional
Excellence, and Collaborative Teaching
(RESPECT)
Reform and expand Perkins loan program
.........
.........
2,750
395
1,750
1,084
500
890
.........
744
.........
663
.........
607
.........
552
.........
487
.........
458
.........
443
5,000
3,776
5,000
6,323
.........
.........
890
2,599
317
28
128
582
600
613
625
3,778
6,326
.........
7,640
308
10
244
420
659
687
798
768
810
7,274
3,552
.........
123
362
482
671
684
693
702
710
719
727
2,322
5,873
.........
370
720
970
980
630
280
30
.........
.........
3,060
4,000
2,596
3,401
970
553
185
325
55
106
99
17,658
18,428
Energy:
Reauthorize special assessment from domestic
nuclear utilities 1
Establish Energy Security Trust Fund
Enact nuclear waste management program
.........
.........
.........
200
60
.........
204
140
.........
209
180
.........
213
200
90
218
200
170
223
200
400
229
200
520
234
200
760
239
200
1,394
245
200
764
1,044
780
260
2,214
1,780
1,310
Total, Energy
.........
140
64
29
77
152
377
491
726
1,433
719
876
.........
340
1,310
2,460
3,070
3,330
3,550
3,790
4,050
4,320
4,600
10,510
30,820
SUMMARY TABLES
20
......... 10,138
Total, Education
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
960
1,160
1,210
1,320
1,400
1,500
1,600
1,710
1,830
1,950
6,050
14,640
.........
110
130
140
150
160
180
180
200
220
220
690
1,690
.........
40
60
60
70
70
70
80
80
90
100
300
720
.........
.........
20
20
30
50
50
50
60
60
60
120
400
.........
.........
2,830
7,960
31,050
117,250
.........
.........
40
190
380
740
1,190
1,300
1,430
1,380
1,280
1,270
7,850
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
......... 1,450
3,250
4,830
6,330
24,060
97,860
.........
110
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
190
200
690
1,620
.........
170
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
1,070
2,420
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
230
280
300
320
350
380
230
1,860
179
2015
180
Interactions
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
430
960
1,570
1,760
1,900
2,060
430
8,680
.........
.........
350
540
590
640
680
730
780
830
890
2,120
6,030
.........
.........
.........
300
.........
530
.........
570
.........
610
.........
650
.........
700
.........
760
.........
810
.........
870
.........
950
.........
2,660
.........
6,750
.........
.........
80
220
380
560
780
1,030
1,310
1,650
1,880
1,240
7,890
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
390
1,000
1,700
2,760
3,990
4,620
5,050
5,500
5,950
5,850
30,960
.........
.........
200
280
330
370
420
470
510
550
610
1,180
3,740
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
......... 2,180 2,980 7,780
......... 3,480 10,610 19,840 24,840 30,750 37,470 43,940 52,320 59,570 71,300
.........
89,520
12,940
354,120
4,320
52,790
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,720
2,600
5,760
7,870
.........
.........
.........
.........
50
60
260
360
810
910
960
110
3,410
.........
.........
.........
.........
20
50
80
110
140
190
230
70
820
.........
.........
.........
.........
70
160
270
380
510
640
710
230
2,740
.........
.........
.........
.........
680
680
710
710
790
2,650
840
3,710
920
7,290
3,020
7,750
8,490
68,250
.........
38
93
145
198
1,452
2,114
1,926
22,049
2,314
4,189
5,086
6,420
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
195
250
265
285
305
325
345
365
390
410
1,300
3,135
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
3,260
.........
3,260
.........
.........
38
66
76
85
84
85
85
86
87
265
692
.........
307
612
647
677
722
777
827
892
982
1,077
2,965
7,520
.........
30
70
110
110
110
120
120
120
120
130
430
1,040
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
30
30
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
75
158
168
179
190
202
214
227
240
255
770
1,908
.........
130
215
230
240
250
100
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,065
1,165
.........
30
55
80
100
115
120
135
145
160
175
380
1,115
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
365
760
200
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
960
960
175
920
615
15
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,550
1,550
540
1,389
279
589
623
661
884
1,028
1,090
1,178
4,534
205
8,919
.........
770
830
890
960
1,040
1,120
1,220
1,310
1,400
1,510
4,490
11,050
181
2015
182
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
770
.........
830
80
970
260
1,220
410
1,450
540
1,660
580
1,800
680
1,990
820
2,220
840
2,350
750
5,240
4,210
15,260
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
.........
30
.........
30
.........
20
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
90
.........
90
.........
10
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
180
266
291
116
35
.........
.........
.........
888
902
.........
.........
540
.........
.........
810
.........
1,269
1,015
.........
2,619
1,382
.........
2,673
967
.........
1,431
644
.........
81
2,453
.........
27
2,795
.........
.........
3,079
.........
.........
3,397
.........
.........
6,883
.........
7,992
3,530
.........
8,100
15,077
.........
530
500
450
450
500
500
550
550
600
600
2,430
5,230
.........
4,060
1,380
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
5,440
5,440
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2016
.........
.........
200
4,790
.........
540
25
2,183
527
2,407
2017
676
1,126
2018
697
1,147
2019
707
1,207
2020
710
1,210
2021
355
905
2022
2023
50
600
21
621
2024
20152019 20152024
7
607
2,807
10,677
3,950
14,620
300
75
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
7,475 17,822 25,178 32,445 43,889 53,236 62,700 71,710 88,106
400
80,737
400
400,378
.........
378
706
725
745
765
786
807
829
852
876
3,319
7,469
.........
552
610
646
684
725
758
791
825
861
899
3,217
7,351
.........
174
96
79
61
40
28
16
23
102
118
.........
.........
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
294
1,176
2,646
.........
62
115
145
160
156
98
44
15
.........
486
799
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
600
7
.........
922
47
.........
1,064
173
.........
1,332
195
.........
1,790
285
.........
2,039
334
.........
2,247
392
.........
2,449
384
.........
2,691
378
.........
2,939
240
.........
5,708
707
.........
18,073
2,435
.........
.........
10
10
10
10
18
67
.........
37
40
62
78
93
92
91
89
145
588
.........
.........
20
.........
20
10
20
15
20
5
20
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
100
30
100
30
.........
540
1
2,639
20
55
71
52
28
16
6
1
1
6,303 16,343 23,394 30,167 41,391 50,570 59,915 68,735 85,048
199
73,568
251
379,227
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
50
4,650
7,100
3,200
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
15,000
15,000
.........
10
140
290
230
190
100
20
20
.........
.........
860
1,000
183
2015
184
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
60
4,790
7,390
3,430
190
100
20
20
.........
.........
15,860
16,000
.........
177
536
1,012
969
915
900
900
900
900
900
3,609
8,109
.........
75
295
400
325
105
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,200
1,200
.........
442
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
442
442
.........
.........
.........
50
.........
4
120
2
4
125
4
4
150
5
4
170
5
4
185
6
4
200
6
4
215
11
4
225
17
5
240
24
5
615
16
20
1,680
80
42
.........
.........
.........
48
.........
52
35
200
34
28
150
27
34
100
16
36
50
10
31
.........
3
36
.........
2
38
.........
53
9
.........
38
.........
.........
28
181
500
139
295
500
25
.........
12
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
34
34
.........
.........
.........
.........
4
42
.........
.........
30
.........
.........
24
.........
.........
19
.........
.........
17
.........
.........
16
.........
.........
10
.........
.........
9
.........
.........
6
.........
.........
4
.........
4
132
.........
4
177
.........
574
460
1,089
992
759
687
662
694
688
663
3,874
7,268
.........
2,000
2,000
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
4,000
4,000
.........
.........
3,698
1,000
3,305
1,250
2,875
250
2,622
.........
2,406
.........
2,250
.........
2,029
.........
1,908
.........
1,699
.........
1,520
.........
14,906
2,500
24,312
2,500
.........
.........
200
5
300
9
400
13
400
13
400
12
300
11
.........
10
.........
11
.........
12
.........
10
1,700
52
2,000
106
14,979
4,718
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
4,718
4,718
.........
27
79
92
103
108
118
128
143
155
132
409
1,085
.........
403
25
2,960
30
3,118
35
40
9,344 10,818
45
6,987
50
7,295
55
8,081
60
7,154
65
8,036
70
7,047
175
21,071
475
58,684
.........
.........
.........
1,318
1,648
2,003
2,332
2,662
3,016
3,346
3,676
4,969
20,001
.........
36
68
SUMMARY TABLES
Labor:
Create Back to Work Partnerships for the longterm unemployed
Establish a New Career Pathways program for
displaced workers
Establish Summer Jobs Plus program for youth
Support Bridge to Work and other work-based
UI program reforms
Enhance UI program integrity 1,2
Extend Emergency Unemployment
Compensation
Implement cap adjustments for UI program
integrity activities 1,2
2015
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
11
16
24
32
41
49
59
68
60
309
Total, Labor
15,382
14,529
9,876
7,259
9,584
6,335
7,245
8,900
8,471
9,915
9,419
1,227
42,723
Transportation:
Establish a mandatory surcharge for air traffic
services 1
Establish a co-insurance program for aviation
war risk insurance
.........
725
756
787
816
844
870
894
921
947
973
3,928
8,533
.........
19
10
.........
.........
33
27
Total, Transportation
.........
744
766
790
817
844
870
893
920
945
971
3,961
8,560
.........
10
24
40
56
49
42
24
15
76
262
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
15
30
.........
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
160
320
.........
50
71
74
76
76
77
78
80
80
81
347
743
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
370
1,265
2,584
3,978
5,426
6,620
7,431
7,850
8,137
8,343
13,623
52,004
.........
451
834
1,200
1,581
1,973
2,062
2,113
2,175
2,239
2,306
6,039
16,934
.........
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
60
120
Treasury:
Establish a Pay for Success Incentive Fund
Reauthorize and reform the Terrorism Risk
Insurance Program
Authorize Treasury to locate and recover assets
of the United States and to retain a portion
of amounts collected to pay for the costs of
recovery
Increase delinquent Federal non-tax debt
collections by authorizing administrative
bank garnishment for non-tax debts
Increase levy authority for payments to Medicare
providers with delinquent tax debt 1
Allow offset of Federal income tax refunds to
collect delinquent State income taxes for outof-state residents
Reduce costs for States collecting delinquent
income tax obligations
Implement tax enforcement program integrity
cap adjustment 1
Outlays from discretionary cap adjustment
(non-add)
Provide authority to contact delinquent debtors
via their cell phones
Reauthorize the State Small Business Credit
Initiative
Total, Treasury
277
626
539
38
.........
.........
.........
1,488
1,500
.........
189
756
2,156
4,039
5,501
6,681
7,502
7,935
8,240
8,456
12,641
51,455
.........
50
237
237
238
238
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,000
1,000
.........
30
69
107
148
191
206
215
225
236
246
545
1,673
.........
.........
24
185
Veterans Affairs:
Establish Veterans Job Corps
Extend round-down of cost of living
adjustments (compensation)
Extend round-down of cost of living
adjustments (education)
.........
186
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
17
27
.........
10
.........
10
.........
.........
.........
11
.........
12
.........
12
.........
13
.........
13
4
15
4
15
4
17
4
17
4
17
.........
61
20
142
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
36
185
146
104
65
188
197
202
214
223
536
488
Corps of Engineers:
Reform inland waterways funding 1
.........
82
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
114
534
1,100
.........
36
76
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
36
76
.........
46
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
46
46
.........
66
125
394
483
586
692
821
204
3,180
.........
.........
21
54
81
110
140
172
204
238
160
1,024
.........
668
698
721
750
785
831
879
930
985
1,041
3,622
8,288
80
84
87
92
96
101
107
113
119
127
439
1,006
.........
745
774
781
722
675
428
363
285
208
109
3,697
5,090
.........
.........
53
101
111
117
124
133
139
151
162
382
1,091
SUMMARY TABLES
.........
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
12
18
27
38
45
57
71
27
.........
.........
12
16
17
10
70
.........
.........
.........
.........
2
60
10
108
33
135
61
164
93
197
128
231
176
282
247
357
337
445
102
467
1,083
1,979
265
.........
1,750
1,800
1,710
1,625
1,543
1,543
1,543
1,543
1,543
6,885
14,600
.........
.........
264
2,269
3,204
4,096
4,777
5,400
6,239
6,526
6,738
9,833
39,513
.........
.........
1,486
469
1,494
2,471
3,234
3,857
4,696
4,983
5,195
2,948
24,913
.........
.........
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
273
1,092
2,457
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
5
43
5
49
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
92
10
92
Medicaid effects
.........
11
12
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
23
23
SNAP effects
Improve collection of pension information from
States and localities
Lower electronic wage reporting threshold to 25
employees
Move from annual to quarterly wage reporting
Reauthorize and expand demonstration
authority for DI and SSI
Terminate step-child benefits in the same
month as step-parent 6
Use the Death Master File to prevent Federal
improper payments
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
17
17
.........
18
28
24
307
675
907
986
935
924
905
912
5,569
.........
.........
.........
20
.........
30
.........
90
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
140
.........
140
.........
22
44
67
98
111
58
.........
.........
.........
.........
342
400
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
111
1,645
288
1,703
3,035
4,083
4,843
5,631
5,907
6,100
3,270
29,834
.........
87
203
376
990
130
100
120
120
120
120
1,786
2,366
187
.........
Benefit savings
Subtotal, provide dedicated, mandatory
funding for program integrity
Annual reduction to discretionary
spending limits (non-add)
Allow SSA to electronically certify certain RRB
payments
Conform treatment of State and local
government EITC and child tax credit (CTC)
for SSI 5
Eliminate aggressive Social Security claiming
strategies
Establish Workers Compensation Information
Reporting
Extend SSI time limits for qualified refugees
188
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
33
153
373
595
831
1,058
1,158
1,233
1,207
1,062
1,985
7,703
1,653
.........
1,568
3,097
2,028
5,650
4,999
3,451
4,999
4,453
4,999
5,582
4,999
6,526
4,999
7,576
4,999
4,758
4,999
4,647
4,999
4,647
15,457
22,233
40,452
50,387
1,653
4,665
3,622
1,548
546
583
1,527
2,577
241
352
352
6,776
9,935
.........
.........
6,000
.........
37,000
230
158,000
230
.........
.........
38
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
114
319
.........
10
17
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
61
166
.........
.........
17
36
SNAP
.........
.........
16
38
SSI
Subtotal, outyear mandatory effects of
Special Immigrant Visa extension
Total, multi-agency
.........
.........
20
45
.........
.........
.........
6,007
12
14
14
13
13
13
13
13
14
998 10,121 15,194 17,046 18,047 20,048 23,049 29,050 31,050
53
37,352
119
158,596
17,575 38,463 14,959 25,914 49,632 59,558 74,619 87,895 103,942 123,250 139,726
81,682
611,114
.........
.........
.........
366
86
693
398
641
660
609
641
594
285
588
8
582
61
583
66
598
55
622
1,785
2,903
1,896
5,876
.........
20
104
275
454
589
676
737
749
646
414
1,442
4,664
.........
705
675
753
875
984
850
537
21
281
294
3,992
4,825
SUMMARY TABLES
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
54
86
71
64
65
47
14
.........
.........
.........
340
401
.........
30
4
70
12
121
12
157
12
178
12
204
12
236
12
237
12
210
12
171
12
114
52
730
112
1,698
78
127
137
163
182
199
215
231
246
261
287
808
2,048
.........
10
20
108
1,348
1,916
2,472
3,036
3,290
2,911
2,360
1,762
1,343
1,102
12,062
21,540
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
14
21
27
32
39
46
52
50
246
.........
23
48
.........
.........
11
13
16
17
16
82
.........
.........
16
34
52
72
92
113
133
154
105
669
.........
.........
14
20
27
33
41
49
31
201
.........
.........
11
15
19
23
27
32
25
141
.........
.........
.........
.........
13
.........
14
66
140
216
290
364
437
509
579
644
726
3,259
.........
114
196
205
216
227
238
250
262
275
289
958
2,272
.........
132
281
388
508
628
750
875
1,001
1,125
1,244
1,937
6,932
.........
.........
.........
287
817
1,064
1,276
1,060
1,309
1,056
1,410
1,045
1,552
1,039
1,728
1,030
1,902
1,021
2,137
1,011
2,376
997
4,812
4,512
14,507
9,610
2,687
3,497
3,343
825
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
7,665
7,665
189
2015
190
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
6
23
14
768
14
1,184
15
1,116
16
1,068
18
1,019
19
977
20
938
21
904
22
867
65
4,159
165
8,864
2,687
3,813
6,006
4,359
3,496
3,539
3,628
3,754
3,881
4,075
4,265
21,213
40,816
......... 26,587 43,356 47,943 53,259 58,632 63,750 68,720 73,649 78,581 83,589
229,777
598,066
7,022
20,885
53,026
......... 37,123 42,115 49,552 57,642 64,230 69,624 74,893 80,076 85,226 90,611
250,662
651,092
15,930
118,282
......... 10,536
1,241
1,609
4,383
5,598
5,874
6,173
6,427
6,645
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
215
228
242
257
272
290
310
333
354
942
2,501
.........
.........
244
325
411
504
602
711
843
1,004
1,067
1,484
5,711
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
59
77
97
125
157
201
256
326
346
358
1,644
.........
.........
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
28
30
82
213
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
30
70
.........
29
138
.........
27
205
.........
26
268
.........
24
328
.........
23
358
.........
21
435
.........
20
517
.........
18
605
.........
112
681
.........
218
2,924
.........
.........
.........
577
759
19,365
131,057
.........
.........
3,058
6,142
6,271
6,395
6,507
6,673
6,830
6,993
7,155
21,866
56,024
.........
14
38
47
46
44
41
36
32
28
24
189
350
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
14
3,096
6,189
6,317
6,439
6,548
6,709
6,862
7,021
7,179
22,055
56,374
.........
91
235
388
543
702
735
693
642
591
539
1,959
5,159
.........
60
......... 1,602
82
2,185
88
2,285
92
2,337
94
2,380
99
2,403
102
2,444
108
2,495
111
2,545
115
2,594
416
10,789
951
23,270
......... 1,051
1,461
1,493
1,524
1,551
1,575
1,599
1,623
1,649
1,674
7,080
15,200
.........
.........
12
16
28
51
67
70
74
41
331
.........
37
53
55
59
61
64
68
71
74
77
265
619
.........
11
16
22
26
27
28
31
32
33
83
234
.........
45
59
63
69
71
63
45
35
36
36
307
522
.........
618
767
777
788
798
808
818
827
837
845
3,748
7,883
......... 3,467
4,789
5,094
5,353
5,596
5,683
5,701
5,730
5,769
5,803
24,299
52,985
.........
.........
.........
.........
26
61
103
141
147
154
161
168
176
184
478
1,321
.........
65
65
65
65
66
67
68
70
70
265
606
191
192
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
12
23
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
27
64
79
386
759
914
1,000
1,091
1,187
1,289
1,396
1,509
3,138
9,610
.........
13
14
15
17
18
19
19
20
55
148
144
192
191
188
183
177
177
180
182
184
898
1,798
.........
17
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
.........
16
.........
.........
.........
.........
25
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
19
.........
15
16
17
17
19
19
20
21
22
72
173
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
SUMMARY TABLES
.........
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
10
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
45
60
61
62
63
65
66
68
70
71
291
631
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
210
220
230
242
252
263
273
285
297
309
1,154
2,581
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
527
1,018
1,451
1,666
1,767
1,877
1,992
2,124
2,259
2,397
6,429
17,078
.........
44
587
599
612
598
609
621
632
598
609
2,440
5,509
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
193
194
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
19
38
60
88
122
165
11
484
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
31
52
51
50
47
44
39
34
30
27
231
405
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
18
47
.........
.........
.........
2
.........
10
.........
18
.........
28
.........
38
.........
46
.........
58
.........
68
.........
76
.........
87
.........
96
.........
431
.........
10
12
17
20
22
24
26
121
.........
11
13
15
17
19
25
100
.........
.........
.........
47
16
25
50
20
106
68
21
209
71
22
278
90
23
313
95
23
328
98
24
331
103
25
331
107
25
331
112
26
331
326
102
931
841
225
2,583
.........
.........
.........
419
.........
357
.........
302
.........
253
.........
213
.........
178
.........
148
.........
122
.........
102
.........
83
.........
1,544
.........
2,177
.........
.........
16
513
47
1,100
45
1,186
44
1,228
44
1,232
44
1,224
45
1,214
46
1,197
48
1,131
49
1,104
196
5,259
428
11,129
372
696
161
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
857
857
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
SUMMARY TABLES
Other initiatives:
Authorize the limited sharing of business tax
return information to improve the accuracy
of important measures of the economy
Eliminate certain reviews conducted by the
U.S. Treasury Inspector General for Tax
Administration (TIGTA)
2015
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
3,163 34,629 42,131 54,640 63,659 86,423 93,886 101,499 109,212 117,039 124,194
20,429 44,316 67,139 115,621 144,358 139,415 165,136 187,199 211,104 238,893 263,849
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
281,482
.........
.........
827,312
510,849 1,577,030
.........
14
18
19
21
21
22
23
24
24
26
93
212
3,259
6,524
7,731
8,671
9,591
10,483
11,309
12,148
13,019
13,894
14,776
43,000
108,146
382
747
821
885
928
964
994
1,029
1,072
1,115
1,159
4,345
9,714
.........
141
499
848
1,193
1,584
2,002
2,458
2,963
3,509
4,089
4,265
19,286
61
190
371
515
607
675
720
738
745
751
756
2,358
6,068
3,702
7,616
9,440
10,938
12,340
13,727
15,047
16,396
17,823
19,293
20,806
54,061
143,426
6,712
9,321
7,197
6,246
5,563
4,981
4,703
4,586
4,622
4,735
4,874
33,308
56,828
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
227
719
1,245
1,762
2,310
2,939
227
9,202
.........
360
449
446
440
434
431
428
427
424
419
2,129
4,258
219
6,931
313
9,994
322
7,968
219
6,911
133
6,136
95
5,737
66
5,919
52
6,311
50
6,861
48
7,517
28
8,260
1,082
36,746
1,326
71,614
195
196
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
17
77
191
351
548
772
1,013
1,245
1,429
1,529
1,558
1,939
8,713
.........
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
1,000
2,000
.........
28
66
96
127
147
168
178
188
196
196
464
1,390
17
305
457
647
875
1,119
1,381
1,623
1,817
1,925
1,954
3,403
12,103
......... 2,976
5,028
5,219
5,444
5,651
5,864
4,051
2,850
2,962
3,093
24,318
43,138
......... 3,963
6,697
6,952
7,251
7,527
7,810
8,115
8,436
8,766
9,155
32,390
74,672
......... 1,578
2,693
2,787
2,832
2,798
2,718
2,664
2,636
2,626
2,633
12,688
25,965
.........
71
137
172
207
244
283
325
373
427
489
831
2,728
.........
366
632
682
721
755
794
833
882
928
975
3,156
7,568
......... 1,944
.........
527
3,434
906
3,778
953
4,156
1,002
4,571
1,049
5,028
1,096
5,531
1,147
6,084
1,179
6,693
1,233
7,362
1,290
17,883
4,437
48,581
10,382
.........
139
241
253
265
279
293
307
323
339
356
1,177
2,795
.........
188
318
331
345
358
371
386
401
417
433
1,540
3,548
.........
60
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
460
960
.........
13
27
36
46
50
50
50
50
50
51
172
423
.........
585
1,004
1,055
1,107
1,163
1,221
1,282
1,346
1,413
1,484
4,914
11,660
......... 1,235
2,120
2,226
2,337
2,454
2,576
2,705
2,840
2,983
3,132
10,372
24,608
.........
38
66
73
80
88
97
107
117
129
142
345
937
.........
67
115
121
127
133
140
147
154
162
170
563
1,336
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
1,025
1,375
1,756
2,173
2,627
3,120
3,657
3,671
17,004
......... 13,900 23,933 25,444 27,045 28,595 30,197 29,923 30,398 32,348 34,522
118,917
276,305
.........
2015
150
......... 2,583
2016
415
2017
706
20152019 20152024
4,674
3,900
2,600
1,655
1,132
697
506
528
529
15,412
18,804
.........
14
42
46
48
50
54
56
58
62
65
200
495
.........
353
607
652
682
691
688
676
668
657
643
2,985
6,317
.........
32
91
168
268
392
540
706
900
1,109
1,340
951
5,546
......... 2,982
5,414
4,766
3,598
2,788
2,414
2,135
2,132
2,356
2,577
19,548
31,162
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
......... 2,317
3,244
2,348
1,803
1,469
1,110
665
463
464
467
11,181
14,350
.........
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
50
100
.........
32
59
......... 1,502
1,568
1,469
1,375
1,306
1,261
1,219
1,181
1,089
1,060
7,220
13,030
.........
963
1,614
1,585
1,522
1,453
1,421
1,410
1,408
1,416
1,426
7,137
14,218
.........
103
382
596
581
463
337
224
144
123
128
2,125
3,081
......... 4,900
6,825
6,015
5,298
4,707
4,145
3,534
3,211
3,107
3,096
27,745
44,838
39
66
69
73
77
77
75
73
70
60
324
679
.........
167
173
182
195
203
211
218
225
234
244
920
2,052
.........
20
43
47
49
52
55
58
61
61
62
211
508
197
.........
198
.........
.........
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
36
262
63
345
67
365
70
387
73
405
77
420
80
431
83
442
87
452
90
456
309
1,764
726
3,965
......... 5,162
7,170
6,380
5,685
5,112
4,565
3,965
3,653
3,559
3,552
29,509
48,803
85
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
112
533
1,093
......... 4,151
7,823
8,786
8,965
8,850
8,778
8,818
8,917
8,770
8,850
38,575
82,708
.........
644
1,404
1,526
1,537
903
270
283
296
309
323
6,014
7,495
.........
87
273
411
456
532
549
385
209
155
153
1,759
3,210
.........
153
263
276
290
305
319
335
352
370
388
1,287
3,051
.........
10
10
33
76
.........
63
90
97
102
105
108
110
112
114
116
457
1,017
.........
.........
56
.........
81
25
87
36
92
37
95
38
97
38
99
40
100
40
102
41
104
43
411
136
913
338
.........
.........
616
24
1,875
48
1,894
51
1,914
54
1,936
57
1,958
60
1,981
63
2,006
66
2,031
69
2,059
72
8,235
234
18,270
564
22
33
35
37
39
41
43
45
47
49
166
391
5,906 12,034 13,318 13,603 12,979 12,337 12,277 12,263 12,130 12,279
57,840
119,126
.........
Totals
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
.........
.........
11
17
23
27
33
81
13
194
.........
200
204
209
213
218
223
229
234
239
245
1,044
2,214
SUMMARY TABLES
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
.........
114
118
123
126
129
132
135
139
142
481
1,158
.........
.........
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
800
1,800
.........
52
48
50
51
53
54
54
.........
.........
.........
254
362
.........
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
70
140
.........
.........
.........
37
.........
.........
10
22
31
42
49
58
104
37
321
9,344 10,818
6,987
7,295
8,081
7,154
8,036
7,047
21,369
58,982
.........
2,662
3,118
.........
.........
.........
.........
21
.........
725
756
787
816
844
870
894
921
947
973
3,928
8,533
.........
50
71
74
76
76
77
78
80
80
81
347
743
.........
370
1,265
2,584
3,978
5,426
6,620
7,431
7,850
8,137
8,343
13,623
52,004
.........
82
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
114
534
1,100
......... 2,000 12,000 28,000 39,000 45,000 47,000 55,000 64,000 77,000 87,000
Enact immigration reform
Total revenue effects of mandatory proposals
.........
831 11,666 41,488 55,387 59,019 62,540 72,152 80,615 94,804 103,961
2
Net of income offsets.
3
The estimates for this proposal include effects on outlays. The outlay effects included in the totals above are as follows:
126,000
168,391
456,000
582,463
Totals
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
272
5,436
5,457
5,476
5,545
5,623
5,722
5,811
5,900
5,981
22,186
51,223
.........
11
23
23
25
26
28
30
31
33
36
108
266
.........
216
966
2,051
3,221
4,505
5,878
7,325
8,826
10,360
11,914
10,959
55,262
.........
50
227
489
765
1,054
1,356
1,668
1,990
2,319
2,651
2,585
12,569
.........
.........
96
148
150
152
153
156
160
164
168
546
1,347
.........
.........
347
342
348
352
362
368
374
382
392
1,389
3,267
.........
.........
547
959
906
862
824
793
764
735
704
3,274
7,094
.........
.........
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
21
21
80
182
199
200
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019 20152024
.........
30
72
.........
28
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
32
33
142
298
.........
.........
26
544
516
8,104
526
9,940
538
11,373
526
12,966
536
14,702
546
16,550
556
18,453
526
20,357
536
22,319
2,132
42,927
4,832
135,308
SUMMARY TABLES
Outyears
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
20152019
2024
20152024
518
521
521
523
536
549
562
576
590
660
677
693
2,691
5,887
Non-Defense Category
479
512
492
492
504
516
530
543
556
605
620
635
2,534
5,492
997
1,033
1,014
1,015
1,040
1,065
1,092
1,119
1,146
1,265
1,296
1,328
.........
.........
.........
.........
+28
+28
+38
+38
+33
+33
+29
+29
+24
+24
+19
+19
+14
+14
46
25
48
25
47
23
+152
+152
+44
+113
4
.........
4
.........
4
.........
4
1
4
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
5
1
22
2
47
5
518
475
521
508
549
516
561
525
569
532
578
540
586
549
595
557
604
565
614
574
629
589
646
606
2,843
2,661
5,931
5,553
993
1,029
1,065
1,086
1,101
1,118
1,135
1,152
1,169
1,188
1,218
1,252
93
92
85
30
30
30
30
30
30
.........
.........
.........
205
Disaster Relief
11
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
Program Integrity
19
5,225 11,379
5,504 11,484
Wildfire Suppression
.........
.........
13
39
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
143
98
95
32
32
33
33
33
33
225
303
1,136
1,127
1,159
1,118
1,133
1,151
1,168
1,185
1,202
1,192
1,222
1,256
5,730 11,787
201
202
SUMMARY TABLES
Outyears
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
23.0
24.1
22.2
23.6
24.1
24.6
25.1
25.7
26.3
26.9
27.6
Commerce
Census Bureau
7.3
0.8
495.5
8.3
0.9
496.0
8.8
1.2
495.6
9.2
1.5
535.1
9.6
1.7
543.7
10.6
2.5
551.4
11.7
3.5
559.0
18.0
9.6
567.6
10.1
1.5
576.3
9.9
1.1
585.9
10.1
1.1
600.6
Defense2
Education
28.3
119.6
254.4
10.1
49.8
108.0
0.9
10.5
24.6
616.9 2,684.9 5,632.2
65.7
67.3
68.6
69.5
70.5
71.6
72.7
73.8
74.9
76.2
77.5
78.8
352.8
733.9
25.2
27.2
27.9
27.5
28.2
28.8
29.4
30.0
30.7
31.4
32.2
33.0
141.8
299.2
Energy
National Nuclear Security
Administration2
10.6
11.2
11.7
10.8
11.1
11.3
11.5
11.8
12.1
12.4
12.7
13.0
56.4
118.3
74.3
79.8
73.7
80.1
81.9
83.7
85.6
87.4
89.3
91.6
93.8
96.2
404.9
863.3
Homeland Security
38.1
39.3
38.2
38.2
38.9
39.6
40.6
41.4
42.3
43.4
44.5
45.4
195.4
412.6
22.8
33.7
32.6
33.2
33.9
34.5
35.2
35.9
36.6
37.5
38.3
39.2
169.5
356.9
Interior
10.9
11.5
11.5
11.8
12.0
12.3
12.6
12.9
13.1
13.5
13.8
14.1
60.3
127.7
Justice
25.4
27.2
16.7
28.1
28.7
29.4
30.0
30.7
31.3
32.1
32.9
33.7
132.9
293.8
Labor
11.8
12.0
11.8
11.9
11.3
11.5
11.8
12.0
12.2
12.5
12.8
13.1
58.3
120.8
39.6
42.7
42.6
43.5
44.4
45.4
46.4
47.4
48.4
49.5
50.8
52.0
222.3
470.3
Transportation
13.1
13.7
14.0
14.1
14.4
14.7
15.1
15.4
15.7
16.1
16.5
16.9
72.3
153.0
Treasury
12.3
12.6
12.4
13.5
13.8
14.2
14.6
15.0
15.5
15.9
16.4
16.8
68.5
148.1
Veterans Affairs
61.1
63.4
65.3
68.4
69.8
71.4
73.0
74.6
76.2
78.1
80.1
82.1
347.8
738.9
Corps of Engineers
8.1
5.5
4.5
4.7
4.7
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.6
23.7
50.3
7.9
8.2
7.9
8.0
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.7
41.2
87.2
1.2
1.8
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
1.3
2.7
16.9
17.6
17.5
17.8
18.2
18.6
19.0
19.4
19.8
20.3
20.8
21.4
91.0
192.8
6.9
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.6
7.7
7.9
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.7
8.9
37.8
80.1
1.0
0.9
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
3.7
7.8
8.6
8.9
9.1
9.0
9.2
9.4
9.6
9.8
10.0
10.2
10.5
10.8
46.2
97.6
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.3
5.5
11.6
Other Agencies
17.9
18.7
19.2
19.2
19.6
20.0
20.5
20.9
21.3
21.8
22.4
22.9
98.5
207.8
.........
.........
55.4
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
55.4
55.4
Allowances5
.........
.........
.........
10.3
6.2
3.1
0.6
10.4
6.1
9.7
9.2
6.0
19.0
22.4
993.0
1,028.9
1,064.7 1,086.1 1,101.0 1,117.9 1,134.8 1,151.7 1,168.6 1,188.5 1,218.4 1,252.3 5,504.4 11,483.9
203
204
Outyears
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
20152019
20152024
91.9
85.2
0.2
85.4
79.4
.........
29.9
.........
.........
29.9
.........
.........
29.9
.........
.........
29.9
.........
.........
29.9
.........
.........
29.9
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
205.1
79.4
.........
265.0
79.4
.........
10.8
6.5
5.9
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
5.9
5.9
.........
.........
.........
29.9
29.9
29.9
29.9
29.9
29.9
.........
.........
.........
119.8
179.7
Program Integrity
Treasury
Labor and SSA
0.5
.........
0.5
0.9
.........
0.9
1.6
0.5
1.1
0.9
0.9
*
1.3
1.2
*
1.6
1.6
*
2.0
2.0
*
2.1
2.1
*
2.2
2.1
*
2.2
2.2
*
2.3
2.2
*
2.4
2.3
*
7.5
6.2
1.1
18.7
17.1
1.1
Disaster Relief
Homeland Security
Small Business Administration
11.2
11.2
.........
5.6
5.6
.........
6.6
6.4
0.2
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
6.6
6.4
0.2
6.6
6.4
0.2
Wildfire Suppression9
Agriculture
Interior
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
1.2
1.0
0.2
1.2
1.0
0.2
1.2
1.0
0.3
1.3
1.0
0.3
1.3
1.0
0.3
1.3
1.1
0.3
1.4
1.1
0.3
1.4
1.1
0.3
1.4
1.1
0.3
1.5
1.2
0.3
6.2
5.0
1.3
13.2
10.5
2.7
Other Emergency/Supplemental
Funding
Agriculture
Commerce
Energy
Health & Human Services
Homeland Security
Housing and Urban Development
Interior
Transportation
Veterans Affairs
Corps of Engineers
Environmental Protection Agency
Small Business Administration
Other Agencies
38.6
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.3
6.4
15.2
0.8
12.4
0.2
1.8
0.6
0.8
0.1
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
1,136.3
1,127.4
1,159.5 1,118.1 1,133.4 1,150.7 1,168.1 1,185.1 1,202.1 1,192.1 1,222.1 1,256.1 5,729.8 11,787.3
SUMMARY TABLES
93.0
82.0
0.2
205
206
Projections
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
16,245
16,768
17,544
18,454
19,432
20,460
21,459
22,445
23,454
24,484
25,551
26,664
27,826
4.6
3.2
4.6
5.2
5.3
5.3
4.9
4.6
4.5
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
2.8
1.7
3.1
3.4
3.3
3.2
2.8
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.0
2.3
3.3
3.4
3.3
3.2
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
1.7
1.4
1.6
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.1
1.4
1.6
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
1.2
2.3
3.2
3.6
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
1.8
2.3
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.3
4.6
4.7
4.9
5.0
5.1
5.1
5.1
8.1
7.5
6.9
6.4
6.0
5.6
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
5.4
Unemployment rate, civilian, percent3
Note: A more detailed table of economic assumptions appears in Chapter 2, Economic Assumptions and Interactions with the Budget, in the Analytical Perspectives
volume of the Budget.
1
Based on information available as of mid-November 2013.
2
Seasonally adjusted CPI for all urban consumers.
3
Annual average.
4
Average rate, secondary market (bank discount basis).
5.4
SUMMARY TABLES
Estimate
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Financing:
Unified budget deficit:
Primary deficit (+)/surplus ()
459
425
312
214
66
60
48
103
166
191
290
379
Net interest
221
223
252
318
392
474
551
616
669
721
772
812
680
649
564
531
458
413
503
512
504
530
482
434
As a percent of GDP
4.1%
3.7%
3.1%
2.8%
2.3%
1.9%
2.3%
2.2%
2.1%
2.1%
1.8%
1.6%
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
139
126
121
127
123
109
102
103
104
106
111
114
26
10
114
120
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
22
271
126
134
129
114
109
109
107
106
110
112
22
271
126
134
129
114
109
109
107
106
109
112
701
920
689
665
587
527
611
621
611
636
591
545
Seigniorage on coins
Total, other transactions affecting borrowing from
the public
Total, requirement to borrow from the public
(equals change in debt held by the public)
701
920
689
665
587
527
611
621
611
636
591
545
33
253
132
133
163
172
98
85
78
47
49
52
672
1,165
822
801
753
701
712
709
691
686
643
600
24,967
16,692
17,864
18,684
19,483
20,234
20,934
21,645
22,352
23,042
23,726
24,368
10
12
13
14
16,699
17,864
18,686
19,487
20,239
20,941
21,653
22,362
23,052
23,738
24,381
24,981
207
208
Estimate
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
16,692
28
17,864
29
18,684
29
19,483
29
20,234
28
20,934
27
21,645
26
22,352
25
23,042
24
23,726
23
24,368
21
24,967
19
16,719
17,893
18,713
19,512
20,262
20,961
21,671
22,377
23,065
23,749
24,389
24,986
Held by:
Debt held by Government accounts
Debt held by the public6
4,737
11,983
4,990
12,903
5,122
13,592
5,255
14,257
5,418
14,843
5,591
15,370
5,689
15,982
5,774
16,603
5,852
17,213
5,899
17,850
5,948
18,441
6,000
18,986
As a percent of GDP
72.1%
74.4%
74.6%
74.3%
73.5%
72.4%
72.0%
71.6%
71.1%
70.6%
69.9%
69.0%
11,983
12,903
13,592
14,257
14,843
15,370
15,982
16,603
17,213
17,850
18,441
18,986
88
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
944
1,069
1,190
1,318
1,440
1,549
1,651
1,754
1,858
1,964
2,075
2,189
10
16
25
33
41
47
55
62
65
67
66
64
7
140
24
137
5
140
24
17
1
140
23
17
1
140
22
17
1
140
21
17
*
140
20
17
*
140
19
17
*
140
19
17
*
140
18
17
*
140
17
17
*
140
16
17
*
140
16
17
SUMMARY TABLES
A
Andrew Abrams
Brenda Aguilar
Shagufta Ahmed
Steven Aitken
Jameela Raja Akbari
Matthew H. Akridge
David Albersheim
David W. Alekson
Victoria L. Allred
Lois E. Altoft
Aaron K. Ampaw
Scott J. Anchin
Linda Angstadt
Kevin M. Arnwine
Aviva R. Aron-Dine
Anna R. Arroyo
Emily E. Askew
Ari I. Astles
Lisa L. August
Renee Austin
B
Peter Babb
Susan E. Badgett
Jessie W. Bailey
Paul W. Baker
Carol A. Bales
Avital Bar-Shalom
Bethanne Barnes
Patti A. Barnett
Leslie D. Barrack
Jody M. Barringer
Mary Barth
Thomas A.
Bartholomew
James A. Brown
Kelly D. Brown
Melissa Brown
Rachel E. H. Brown
Michael T. Brunetto
Paul Bugg
Tom D. Bullers
Robert Bullock
Ben Burnett
Ryan M. Burnette
John D. Burnim
John C. Burton
Sylvia M. Burwell
Mark Bussow
Cinnamon L. Butler
C
Kathleen D. Cahill
Steven Cahill
Emily E. Cain
Jhaval Cain
Erica L. Cameron
Mark F. Cancian
Eric Cardoza
Todd S. Carolin
J. Kevin Carroll
William S. S. Carroll
Scott D. Carson
Mary I. Cassell
David Cassidy
Joseph R. Castle
Ben Chan
Daniel E. Chandler
James Chase
Anita Chellaraj
Michael Clark
Beth F. Cobert
209
Matthew W. Collier
Victoria W. Collin
Debra M. Collins
Kelly T. Colyar
Nicole E. Comisky
Jaclyn Corona
Martha B. Coven
Claire E. Cramer
Catherine E. Crato
Joseph Crilley
Rose Crow
Albert T. Crowley
Juliana Crump
Craig Crutchfield
Edna Falk Curtin
Tyler Curtis
William Curtis
D
D. Michael Daly
Neil B. Danberg
Matthew DantasMcCutcheon
Alexander J. Daumit
Joanne Chow
Davenport
Kenneth L. Davis
Margaret B. DavisChristian
Chad J. Day
Kirsten S. Day
Brian C. Deese
David M. Diamond
John H. Dick
Vernon T. Dickerson
Julie Allen Dingley
James R. Dishaw
210
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Jason C. Dixson
Derek M. Donahoo
Angela M. Donatelli
Norman S. Dong
Paul S. Donohue
Bridget C. Dooling
Shamera A. Dorsey
Lisa Cash Driskill
Francis J. DuFrayne
Laura E. Duke
Matthew S. Dunn
E
Jacqueline A. Easley
Jeanette Edwards
Emily M. Eelman
Christopher J. Elliott
Noah Engelberg
Michelle A. Enger
Sally Ericsson
Mark T. Erwin
Edward V. Etzkorn
Haig L. EvansKavaldjian
Rowe Ewell
Laura J. Eyester
F
Chris Fairhall
Robert Fairweather
Michael C. Falkenheim
Kara L. Farley-Cahill
Christine E.
Farquharson
Kira R. Fatherree
Andrew R. Feldman
Patricia Ferrell
Lesley A. Field
Daren H. Firestone
Mary S. Fischietto
E Holly Fitter
John Joseph
Fitzpatrick
Darlene B. Fleming
Tera L. Fong
Kelsey J. Foster
Nicholas A. Fraser
Elizabeth A. Frederick
Marc P. Freiman
Farrah B. Freis
Nathan J. Frey
G
Marc Garufi
Thomas O. Gates
Benjamin P. Geare
Jeremy Gelb
Brian Gillis
Joshua S. Glazer
JaCia D. Goins
Melanie Goldberg
Jeff Goldstein
Oscar Gonzalez
Thomas W.
Grannemann
Kathleen A. Gravelle
Jennifer E. Gray
Richard E. Green
Andrei M. Greenawalt
Aron Greenberg
Liam E. Grimley
Hester C. Grippando
Rebecca Grusky
H
Michael B. Hagan
Christopher C. Hall
Erika S. Hamalainen
Christina L. Hansen
Linda W. Hardin
Dionne Hardy
David Harmon
Julian J. Harris
Patsy W. Harris
Brian A. HarrisKojetin
Nicholas R. Hart
Jelani Harvey
Paul Harvey
Ryan Bensussan
Harvey
Tomer Hasson
David Haun
Laurel S. Havas
Mark Hazelgren
Jeffrey K. Hendrickson
John David Henson
Kevin W. Herms
Jennifer M. Hesch
Alexander G.
Hettinger
Gretchen T. Hickey
Michael J. Hickey
Cortney Higgins
Rebecca A. Higgins
Mary Lou Hildreth
Andrew Hire
Thomas E. Hitter
Jennifer E. Hoef
Joanne C. Hoff
Adam Hoffberg
Stuart Hoffman
Troy L. Holland
James S. Holm
Peter M. Holm
Daniel Hornung
Lynette HornungKobes
Grace Hu
Kathy M. Hudgins
Jeremy D. Hulick
Alexander T. Hunt
Lorraine D. Hunt
James C. Hurban
Jaki Mayer Hurwitz
Dana J. Hyde
I
Eric G. Iacobucci
Robert Ikoku
Tae H. Im
Janet E. Irwin
Paul Iwugo
J
Laurence R. Jacobson
Varun M. Jain
Carol Jenkins
Aaron D. Joachim
Barbara A. Johnson
Carol S. Johnson
Kim I. Johnson
Michael D. Johnson
Bobby Jones
Bryant A. Jones
Danielle Yvonne Jones
Lisa M. Jones
Othni A. Jones
Joseph G. Jordan
Reshma Joshi
Hee Jun
K
Paul A. Kagan
Richard E. Kane
Jacob H. Kaplan
Jenifer Karwoski
Molly M. Kawahata
Regina L. Kearney
Dan J. Keenaghan
Matt J. Keeneth
Grace Kelemen
Hunter S. Kellett
Jack Kelly
Ann Kendrall
Nancy B. Kenly
Amanda R. Kepko
Alper A. Kerman
Paul E. Kilbride
Cristina F.
Killingsworth
James H. Kim
Barry King
Kelly Kinneen
Carole Kitti
Ben Klay
Sarah B. Klein
Kevin E. Kobee
Steve Kosiak
John Kraemer
Lori Krauss
Aaron T. Krupkin
Joydip Kundu
L
Christopher D. LaBaw
Leonard L. Lainhart
Lawrence L. Lambert
Daniel LaPlaca
Janisa S. LaSalle
Eric P. Lauer
Jerry R.
Lautenschlager
Jessie L. LaVine
Jessica K. Lee
Karen F. Lee
Malcolm Lee
Susan E. Leetmaa
Clarissa E. Leonard
Andrea Leung
Malissa C. Levesque
Eli L. Levine
Shoshana M. Lew
Lauren N. Lewis
Sheila Lewis
Bryan Len
Jeremy L. Len
Wendy L. Liberante
Richard Alan
Lichtenberger
Sara Rose Lichtenstein
Kristina E. Lilac
Jennifer M. Lipiew
Lin C. Liu
Patrick Locke
Aaron M. Lopata
Alexander W. Louie
Adrienne Lucas
Kimberley S.
Luczynski
Gideon F. Lukens
Sarah Lyberg
Laura E. Lynch
M
Chi T. Mac
Deborah L. Macaulay
Brendan P. Mackesey
Ryan J. MacMaster
John S. MacNeil
Natalia Mahmud
Claire A. Mahoney
Kathryn A. Malague
Margaret A. Malanoski
Dominic J. Mancini
Robert G. Mann
Sharon Mar
Anne-Louise Marquis
Celinda A. Marsh
Brendan A. Martin
Kathryn E. Martin
Rochelle W. Martinez
J. Kevin Maskornick
Surujpat (Adrian) J.
Mathura
Andrew Mayock
Shelly McAllister
George H. McArdle
Alexander J.
McClelland
Jeremy McCrary
Timothy D. McCrosson
Anthony W. McDonald
Christine A. McDonald
Katrina A. McDonald
Renford A. McDonald
Luther C. McGinty
Christopher McLaren
Robin J. McLaughry
Colleen McLoughlin
William J. McQuaid
William J. Mea
Inna L. Melamed
Patrick J. Mellon
Barbara A. Menard
Flavio Menasce
Jose A. Mendez
Jessica Menter
P. Thaddeus
Messenger
William L. Metzger
Julie L. Miller
Kimberly Miller
Asma Mirza
Mirghani S. Mohamed
Joseph E. Montoni
Cindy H. Moon
Laura S. Morton
Bruno Muscolino
Christian G. Music
211
N
Jennifer M. Nading
Jeptha E. Nafziger
Larry J. Nagl
Barry Napear
Ashley M. Nathanson
Allie R. Neill
Melissa K. Neuman
Betsy A. Newcomer
Joanie F. Newhart
John D. Newman
Kimberly Armstrong
Newman
Teresa O. Nguyen
Eric Ngwa
Alexander M. Niejelow
Tige D. Nishimoto
Abigail P. Norris
Tim H. Nusraty
O
Erin OBrien
Devin L. OConnor
Megan M. ODoherty
Matthew J. OKane
Benjamin J. Ossoff
Jared L. Ostermiller
Tyler J. Overstreet
D. Brooke Owens
Adeniran O. Oyebade
P
Benjamin J. Page
Heather C. Pajak
Jennifer E. Park
Sangkyun Park
John C. Pasquantino
Arati N. Patel
Terri B. Payne
Jacqueline M. Peay
Falisa Peoples-Tittle
Andrew B. Perraut
Michael A. Perz
Andrea M. Petro
Stacey Que-Chi Pham
Carolyn R. Phelps
Karen A. Pica
Joseph Pipan
Alisa M. Ple-Plakon
Kimberly A. Pohland
Rachel C. Pollock
Aaron W. Pollon
Ruxandra I. Pond
Steven C. Posner
Celestine M. Pressley
Larrimer S. Prestosa
Nina M. Preuss
Marguerite E. Pridgen
Timothy W. Puetz
Robert Purdy
Q
John P. Quinlan
R
Jonathan E. Rackoff
Lucas R. Radzinschi
Latonda Glass Raft
Louis M. Rager
Angelo Ramilo
Maria S. Raphael
Jeff Reczek
Dexter Reece
Rudolph G. Regner
Paul B. Rehmus
Sean Reilly
Thomas M. Reilly
Scott D. Renda
Richard J. Renomeron
Keri A. Rice
Shannon A. Richter
Justin R. Riordan
Emma K. Roach
Benjamin T. Roberts
Beth Higa Roberts
Catherine Robinson
Donovan Robinson
Marshall J. Rodgers
Cynthia S. RodriguezKnox
Alexandra N. Rogers
Rodolfo Rojas
Meredith B. Romley
212
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Dan T. Rosenbaum
Eric M. Rosiere
Adam J. Ross
David J. Rowe
Mario Roy
Trevor H. Rudolph
Ryan D. Rusnak
Latisha M. Russell
Kristin C. Rzeczkowski
S
Fouad P. Saad
Sonya E. SacknerBernstein
John Asa Saldivar
Dominic K. Sale
Mark S. Sandy
Kristen J. Sarri
Mary Scheuermann
Lisa Schlosser
Tricia Schmitt
Andrew M. Schoenbach
Daniel K. Schory
Margo Schwab
Nancy Schwartz
Jasmeet K. Seehra
Richard Segal
Will Sellheim
Shahid N. Shah
Dianne Shaughnessy
Paul Shawcross
Howard A. Shelanski
Amy L. Shlossman
Gary F. Shortencarrier
Sara R. Sills
Samantha E.
Silverberg
Jeffrey S. Simms
John L. S. Simpkins
Benjamin J. Skidmore
Jack Smalligan
Christopher B. Smith
Curtina O. Smith
Nikolis R. Smith
Stephen A. Sola
Silvana Solano
Rod Solomon
Kathryn Stack
Scott R. Stambaugh
Spencer G. Stanfield
Melanie A. Stansbury
Nora Stein
Joseph W. Stekli
Ryan J. Stelzer
Lamar R. Stewart
Gary R. Stofko
Carla B. Stone
Shayna L. Strom
Thomas J. Suarez
Kevin J. Sullivan
Jessica L. Sun
Harry K. Swann
Jennifer A. Swartz
Ben Sweezy
T
Teresa A. Tancre
Naomi S. Taransky
Benjamin K. Taylor
Myra Taylor
Emma K. Tessier
Raina Thiele
Judith F. Thomas
Latina D. Thomas
Will Thomas
Edith R. Thompson
Courtney B.
Timberlake
Thomas Tobasko
Toinita Tolson
Richard W. Toner
Taryn H. Toyama
Hai M. Tran
James (Trey) D.
Treadwell, III
Raya B. Treiser
Susan M. Truslow
Donald L. Tuck
Heather K. Turner
Melissa H. Turner
Benjamin J. Turpen
Sara A. Twyman
U
Nicholas A. Uchalik
Darrell J. Upshaw
V
Matthew J. Vaeth
Ofelia M. Valeriano
Amanda Valerio
Cynthia Vallina
Haley L. Van Dyck
Samuel C. Van Kopp
Sarita Vanka
Steven L. VanRoekel
David W. Varvel
Areletha L. Venson
Alexandra Ventura
Patricia A. Vinkenes
Dean R. Vonk
David A. Vorhaus
Ann M. Vrabel
W
James A. Wade
James R. Walker
Katherine K. Wallman
Heather V. Walsh
Mary E. Walsh
Tim Wang
Sharon A. Warner
Geovette E.
Washington
Gary Waxman
Mark A. Weatherly
Bess Weaver
Jeffrey A. Weinberg
Philip R. Wenger
Michael S. Wetklow
Arnette C. White
Kamela G. White
Kim S. White
Sherron R. White
Chad S. Whiteman
Carrie L. Wibben
Sarah M. Widor
Mary Ellen Wiggins
Shimika N. Wilder
Calvin L. Williams
Debra (Debbie) L.
Williams
Monique C. Williams
Terrill M. Williams
Gregory Wilson
Jennifer Winkler
Melanie J. Winston
Julia Wise
Julie Wise
Raymond Wong
Lauren Wright
Sophia M. Wright
Michael J. Wrona
William Wu
Steven N. Wynands
Y
Abra S. Yeh
Melany N. Yeung
Z
Eliana M. Zavala
Lisa Ziehmann
Gail S Zimmerman
Rita R. Zota
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041-001-00705-9
978-0-16-092281-7
$39.00
041-001-00707-5
978-0-16-092283-1
$78.00
041-001-00704-1
978-0-16-092280-0
$50.00
041-001-00706-7
978-0-16-092282-4
$55.00
041-001-00703-2
978-0-16-092278-7
$28.00
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(EXPIRATION DATE
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I S B N 978-0-16-092281-7
90000
I S B N 978-0-16-0
780160 922817