Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Chapter 1
Overview of
Electrical/Electronic Systems

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Objectives
Give examples of electrical and electronic
devices.
Summarize why electric and electronic
devices have replaced many mechanical
devices in the automobile.
Explain how modern automotive systems
interact.
Recall the basic components of a
computer network and their function.

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Objectives
Identify the major parts of electrical/
electronic systems.
Explain the basic operation of major
electrical/electronic systems of an
automobile.
Recall the typical locations of
electric/electronic components.

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Electric vs. Electronic

Electric device
Uses electricity to
do work

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Electric vs. Electronic (Cont.)

Electronic device
Made of semiconductor material
Alters flow of electricity

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Advantages of
Electrical/Electronic Devices
Better efficiency
Faster
More accurate
Higher fuel economy and performance
Fewer toxic emissions

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

System Interaction
All major systems work together
Faults may be difficult to trace
Training is absolutely necessary

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
What are electronic components
composed of?
Answer: semiconductor material

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
Which of the following is an advantage of
electronic components vs. mechanical
components?
A. They have more moving parts.
B. They are more accurate.
C. They require no electricity.
D. They need no maintenance.
Answer: B. They are more accurate.
Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

10

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems
Sensors
Computer
Actuators
Wiring harness

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

11

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

12

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems (Cont.)

Sensors detect
Movement
Temperature
changes
Pressure variance
Chemical content
Part location
Rotation speed
Sounds
Other conditions
(Napa Auto Parts)
Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

13

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems (Cont.)

Computer
Complex set of
electronic circuits
Uses sensor inputs
Produces
programmed outputs

(Napa Auto Parts)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

14

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems (Cont.)

Actuators
Receive signals from
computer
Produce movement to
alter system operation

(Napa Auto Parts)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

15

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Computer Systems (Cont.)

On-board diagnostics
Analyze circuit operation
Display warning or malfunction indicator
Store trouble codes
Scan tool retrieves codes

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

16

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
The components of an automotive
computer system include the _____,
computer, actuators, and wiring
harness.
Answer: sensors

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

17

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
What is the function of the main
computer in an automotive computer
system?
Answer: It analyzes inputs from the sensors
and sends instructions to the actuators.

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

18

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Starting System
Components
Ignition switch
Starter solenoid
Starting motor

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

19

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Starting System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

20

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Charging System
Components
Alternator (generator)
Voltage regulator

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

21

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Charging System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

22

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Ignition System
Purpose
Ignites air-fuel mixture
Monitors engine speed and other variables

Components
Ignition switch
Ignition coil
Spark plugs

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

23

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Ignition System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

24

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Fuel System
Electronic fuel injection
Used in all late-model vehicles
Injector pulse width controls fuel to engine
Almost instantaneous response to sensor
input

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

25

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Fuel System (Cont.)

Electronic Fuel Injection

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

26

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Lighting System
Provides illumination for night driving
Includes switches to control bulb
operation
Future systems
Fiber optics
Multiplexing

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

27

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Lighting System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

28

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Instrumentation Systems
Navigation system
Displays road map
Provides vehicle location and direction

Driver information system

Informs driver of vehicle conditions
Some use alphanumeric code

Climate control system

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

29

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Wiper/Washer System
Primarily electrical
Small DC motor operates wipers
Electric pump in washer fluid reservoir

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

30

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Horn System
Switch on steering wheel
Relay sends current to horn

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

31

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Horn System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

32

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Seat, Window, Lock, and Sound

Systems
Power seat system
Power window system
Power lock system
Sound system

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

33

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Seat, Window, Lock, and Sound

Systems (Cont.)

Power Lock System

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

34

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Seat, Window, Lock, and Sound

Systems (Cont.)

Sound System
Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

35

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Restraint System
Protects occupants during collision
Deploys when system detects rapid
vehicle deceleration

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

36

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Restraint System (Cont.)

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

37

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Suspension System
Stability control system controls shock
absorber stiffness
Active suspension system makes
wheels follow road surface

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

38

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Suspension System (Cont.)

Computer-Controlled Suspension System

(Toyota)
Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

39

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Brake System
Anti-lock brake system maintains
Directional stability
Steerability

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

40

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Brake System (Cont.)

Anti-Lock Brake System

(Mercedes Benz)
Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

41

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Traction Control System

Prevents slippage on slick pavement
Applies brake to wheels individually

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

42

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
Which automotive system produces the
high voltage that operates a vehicles
spark plugs?
Answer: ignition system

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

43

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
What is the purpose of a stability
control system?
Answer: It controls shock absorber stiffness.

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

44

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.

Review
What are the principal components in
an anti-lock brake system?
Answer: wheel speed sensors, computer,
hydraulic actuator

Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.

45

Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.