The first computer in Bangladesh (then East Pakistan) was an IBM

mainframe 1620 series, installed in 1964 at the Dhaka center of the Pakistan
Atomic Energy Commission (later the Bangladesh Atomic Energy
Commission). Computer use increased in the following years, especially after
the independence of Bangladesh in 1971; more-advanced IT equipment
began to be set up in different educational, research and financial
institutions.[3] In 1979, a computer centre, later renamed Department of
Computer Science & Engineering, was established at Bangladesh University
of Engineering and Technology (BUET); the centre has been playing a pivotal
role in Bangladeshi IT education since its inception. Through the introduction
of personal computers, the use of computers witnessed a rapid increase in
the late 1980s.[3] In 1985, succeeding several individual initiatives, the
first Bengali script in computers was invented, paving the way for more
intense computer activities.[4][5] In 1995, use of the Internet began and locally
made software started to be exported.[3]
In 1983, the Ministry of Science and Technology established a National
Computer Committee to create the required policies. The committee was
also responsible to carry out programs to expand and promote the
efficacious use of the sector. In 1988, the committee was replaced by the
National Computer Board. In 1990, the ministry reformed the board and
reconstituted it as the Bangladesh Computer Council to monitor computerand IT-related works in the country.[6]
In 2013, it was announced that a seven-year-old Bangladeshi boy, Wasik
Farhan Roopkotha, would be listed as the "youngest IT expert" in
the Guinness Book of World Records

The IT industry is a relatively new sector in the country's economy. Though it

is yet to make tangible contributions in the national economy, it is an
important growth industry. TheBangladesh Association of Software and
Information Services (BASIS) was established in 1997 as the national trade
body for software and IT service industry. Starting with only 17 member
companies, by 2009 membership had grown to 326. In a study among Asian
countries by Japan International Cooperation Agency in 200708, Bangladesh

was ranked first in software and IT services competitiveness and third in

competencies, after India and China.[9] The World Bank, in a study conducted
in 2008, projected triple digit growth for Bangladesh in IT services and
software exports.[9] Bangladesh was also listed as one of the top 30 Countries
for Offshore Services in 20102011 by Gartner.[10] The Internet
penetration has also grown to 21.27 percent in 2012, up from 3.2 percent
three years prior.[11] As the Internet usage increases, the government expects
the IT sector to add 7.28 percent to GDP growth by 2021.[11]

Computerization
Though the first main frame computer came to Bangladesh in 1964, but
usage of PC and its popularization actually begins very late. Very recently the
government has withdrawn import duties from Computer and computer
related peripherals and it is actually boost up the usage of computer for
general purposes. Even, now the scopes of computerization and effective
application are severely under utilized due to many governmental policies.
Due to withdrawal of taxes from computer prices of computer and computer
related items dropped drastically and became affordable to general
communities.
However, it has been revealed from recent survey that almost 90% of the
computers are Dhaka based and there has to be some policy on
decentralisation of these PCs to regions outside of Dhaka.
IT Education and personnel
There are very few standard institutes who are giving high quality IT
education in Bangladesh, but their costs are so high that they are barely
within reach of general peoples. Many private organizations have opened
independent institutes, though highly dense in Dhaka, are running with lack
of proper syllabus and lack of acceptable technical qualities.
Scopes are there to establish an IT institute with high quality services at
reasonable fee to produce IT personnel for global market.

2
computer while the United Bank used IBM 1901 in the
l a t e s i x t i e s . These computers belonging to the 3rd
generation Mainframe type werem a i n l y u s e d f o r e n t i re a c c o u n t i n g
w o r k s o f t h e s e b a n k s . B e f o re
thei n d e p e n d e n c e , a n I B M 3 6 0 c o m p u t e r w a s s e t u p a t t h e
B u r e a u o f Statistics in 1969. A Mainframe computer was also installed at
Adamjee Jute Mills during the same period. Before independence, inclusion of
c o m p u t e r h a r d w a re a n d s o ft w a re re l a t e d c o u r s e s i n t h e
c u rr i c u l a
o f M a t h e m a t i c s , P h y s i c s , A p p l i e d P h y s i c s a n d E l e c t ro n i c s a t u n
i v e r s i t y level education began, though in a limited way.After
independence computerisation process in this country got a
newspurt. In this manner
BANGLADESH
BUREAU
OF
STATISTICS
played an importantro l e . B i g c o m p u t e r s l i ke I B M 3 7 0 , I B M 9 1 0 0
a n d I B M 4 3 4 1 e t c w e re installed in this organisation in phases since
1972. The development
of c o m p u t e r i s a t i o n p r o c e s s i n t h i s o r g a n i s a t i o n s t i l l
c o n t i n u e s a n d diff erent powerful computers and other ultra
modern IT equipment of subsequent generations have since been
installed there. In
September1 9 7 9 a n I B M 3 7 0 a n d a n I B M 4 3 3 1 M a i n
f r a m e C o m p u t e r w e r e introduced at the
BANGLADESH
UNIVERSITY
OF
ENGINEERING
AND

TECHNOLOGY
(BUET)a n d B U E T C o m p u t e r C e n t r e w a s a l s o e s t a b l i s h e d . T h
is ComputerCentre has been playing a pioneering role in
i m p a r t i n g c o m p u t e r education in Bangladesh and disseminating
computer technology in thecountry.
ATOMIC
ENERGY
RESEARCH
ESTABLISHMENT
(AERE) at Savar installed
anI B M 4 3 4 1 M a i n f r a m e C o m p u t e r i n 1 9 8 1 . T h e D h
a ka U n i v e r s i t y Computer Centre began its journey w
i t h a n I B M 4 3 3 1 M a i n f r a m e Computer in
1985. The invention of microprocessor by the Intel Corporation of the United
States in 1971 brought about a revolution in the shape and
capabilityof computer. Microprocessor based computers started to appear in
themarkets. Personal Computer or PC innovated by the IBM
(InternationalB u s i n e s s M a c h i n e s ) c o m p a n y h i t t h e m a r ke t i n
1 9 8 1 . L a t e r o n h i g h - powered microprocessors began to evolve one after
another alongsidep o w e r f u l P C s . T h e I B M d i d n o t ke e p a n y
p ro h i b i t o r y re g u l a t i o n
aboutmanufacturing IBM compatible computers from the very
b e g i n n i n g . This brought about revolutionary changes in their prices and
their usesa l s o m u l t i p l i e d . O n t h e o t h e r h a n d A p p l e C o m p u t e r
I n c o r p o r a t e a l s o re l e a s e d i n t h e m a r ke t A p p l e - M a c i n t o s h
computer evolved by
them.B u t t h e A p p l e d i d n o t a d o p t a n y l i b e r a l p o l i
c y i n m a k i n g t h e i r compatible computer and hence the
price of Macintosh computerr e m a i n e d v e r y h i g h t h a t
p r e c l u d e d i t f r o m a c h i e v i n g e x p e c t e d p o p u l a r i t y. N
e v e r t h e l e s s , d u e t o s o m e s p e c i a l p r a c t i c a l p r i v i l e g e s Appl
e-Macintosh were widely used particularly in printing industries.P C s
became easily available due to its easy use and
c h e a p n e s s i n price. As a result, use of PCs started to increase in
Bangladesh mainlysince the last part of the eighties, especially
in education and business

concerns. However, wider use of computer in Bangladesh

acceleratedfrom the mid-nineties.
Innovation of Bangla software
B a n g l a w r i t i n g i n c o m p u t e r w a s fi r s t m a t e r i a l i s e d i n 1 9 8
7 a n d a n engineer namely Mainul Islam deserved the claim of this
success. Hemanaged to write Bangla in Apple-Macintosh computer
using his selfevolved font 'Mainulipi'. In this pursuit the conventi
o n a l E n g l i s h keyboard was used without using any separate
keyboard for
Bangla. The difference in type and form of Bangla and English alphabets and
the problems relating to Bangla conjunct letters were solved using
theadvantage of four layer keyboard of Macintosh. Two more Bangla
font,n a m e l y ' S h a h i d l i p i ' a n d ' J a b b a r l i p i ' w e re e v o l v e d i m m e d i a
t e l y a ft e r Mainulipi.N e x t y e a r , i e i n 1 9 8 8 t h e fi r s t I n t e r f a
c e ' B i j o y ' u s e a b l e i n A p p l e - Macintosh computer was built under
the auspices of a nongovernmento r g a n i s a t i o n ' A n a n d o C o m p u t e r s ' . T h e l a y o u
t o f t h e fi r s t B a n g l a k e y b o a r d w a s a l s o c o m p o s e d d u r
i n g t h i s t i m e . A m o n g t h e i n i t i a l ke yb oa rd s, Bi j oy and
M u n i r a r e w o r t h m e n t i o n i n g . I n t h e I n t e r f a c e technique, the
Bangla keyboard is attached with the Operating
System( O S ) o f t h e c o m p u t e r a n d B a n g l a i s i n s c r i b e d i n t h e
c o m p u t e r b y a c t i v a t i n g t h i s ke y b o a rd a n d s e l e c t i n g a B a n g l a
f o n t . B i j o y , b e i n g a Macintosh based interface and the price of
Apple-Macintosh computerbeing too high, number of its users was
limited. Its use was practicallyconfined to printing and publications. The
users of IBM computer were always more and keeping this in mindtwo
higher secondary level students Reza-E Al Amin Abdullah (Aunko) a n d
M d . S h a h i d u l I s l a m ( S o h e l ) e v o l v e d a s e l f s u ffi c i e n t B a n g l a
w o r d p r o c e s s i n g s o f t w a re e n t i t l e d ' B a rn a ' i n e a r l y 1 9 9 2 .
Innovation of
t h i s i n d e p e n d e n t w o rd p r o c e s s o r b y t h e s e t w o m e r i t o r i o u s p ro g
r a m m e r s from their own fi rm 'Safeworks' was an epoch making
event. This wasD O S b a s e d ( D i s k O p e r a t i n g S y s t e m ) , t h o u g h t h e
appearance of
thep r o g r a m m e w a s l i k e t h e W i n d o w s . I n t h e B a r n a , t
h r e e t y p e s o f keyboard could be used - Munir, Bijoy and Easy
keyboard. The Barnaalso incorporated the advantage of keyboard
restructuring
(customise). That is, one could make out new keyboard layout according to o
ne'sliking or
convenience.S u b s e q u e n t l y , w i t h t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n o f b
e t t e r a n d b e t t e r w o r d processor versions in the market by
Microsoft Corporation, an interface'Bijoy' was evolved in 1993 with a view to
using Bangla font and

Banglak e y b o a r d w i t h M i c r o s o f t W i n d o w s i n I B M c o m p u t e r. L
ater anotheri n t e r f a c e n a m e l y ' Le k h a n i ' w a s m a d e a v a
i l a b l e i n 1 9 9 4 . T h o u g h 'Aabaha' (later part of 1992) was the
fi rst interface suitable for use in IBM computer, its use remained
restricted due to some lapses. Quite a

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