Questions:

1. What differentiates New Orleans style of jazz from Chicago style of

jazz? They were very similar, however New Orleans jazz would typically
feature a trio consisting of trumpet, clarinet, and trombone backed by a
rhythm section. Chicago jazz usually featured a saxophone in addition to the
instrumental group.
2. Charles Buddy Bolton is often viewed as the first influential jazz
musician. Shipton attempts to separate the legend from the fact. What
are some of the things that are larger than the truth? He had a variety
of lovers, all of who idolized him along with the general public. His playing
was so mighty that he stole audiences away from other bands and he was a
barber and an author.
3. Was Storyville the center of musical development for the earliest
jazz? Briefly describe the reasons for your answer. Although jazz did not
begin in Storyville, it thrived there. It allowed people visiting from other
parts of the country hear the music before it became a phenomenon.
However, it did not provide jazz bands with opportunities for steady gigs
and enough to make a living off of playing. Bars and other establishments
did not stay around long enough to offer bands residency and were unable to
provide music on a regular basis.
4. Why are there so few recordings of early jazz? Because the technology
was not available. Originally music was performed and played through sheet
music, piano rolls, music boxes, and eventually sound recordings. It wasnt
until 1917 when the O.D.J.B. utilized the phonograph record recordings
became heavily widespread and common because they could capture live
sound and more importantly, the art of improvisation.

5. What is the significance of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band to jazz

history? They were the first band to make jazz recordings, use the
phonograph record and as a result make music recording popular.
6. Name two historical events that made Chicago a major center of jazz
in the 1920s. The Great Migration and Prohibition
7. Shipton posits that Jelly Roll Mortons Red Hot Peppers discs are as
close as we get in early recorded jazz to the New Orleans polyphonic
style. Other scholars (like Schuller) consider these antithetical to the
style. Why? New Orleans Jazz usually featured a trumpet/cornet, clarinet,
and trombone. Mortons recordings feature a saxophone, which is more
common in Chicago Jazz styles.
8. What are some of the reasons that Chicagos influence as a jazz center
waned late in the 1920s? The consumption of illegal alcohol was under
strict guard, clubs renewed their take on racial integration, and the
misconduct and wrongdoing of organized crime led to the departure of
several leading jazz musicians. Out of fear for their own safety and racial
segregation, many of them left.
9. A group of musicians including Jimmy McPartland, Frank
Teschemacher, and Bud Freeman are identified by what name? Austin
High Gang
10. What was the significance of phonograph recordings to the Austin
High School Gang? The inspiration for the group came from recordings and
learned their repertoire by copying recordings of the New Orleans Rhythm
Kings.
11. Classify the following musicians in the following groups:
Cornet/Trumpet players, Clarinet/Saxophone players, Drummers,
Pianists, Trombone players.
Lil Armstrong Pianist
Louis Armstrong Trumpet
Sidney Bechet
Saxophone/Clarinet
Bix Beiderbecke trumpet
Charles Buddy Bolden
Cornet
Baby Dodds drummer

Nick LaRocca cornet/trumpet

Fate Marable pianist
Punch Miller trumpet
Miff Mole trombonist
Jelly Roll Morton pianist
Red Nichols cornet
Jimmie Noone clarinet
Joe King Oliver cornet

Johnny Dodds
Clarinet/Saxophone
Benny Goodman Clarinet
Earl Hines Pianist
Freddie Keppard Cornet
Gene Krupa drummer

Kid Ory trombonist

Pee Wee Russell clarinet/sax
Jabbo Smith trumpet