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CHEMISTRY FOR 9TH CLASS (UNIT # 1)
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SHORT QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS
Define Science
ANSWERS
It
is
knowledge
that
provides
understanding of this world and how it
works.
Define Chemistry
The branch of science that deals with the
composition, structure, properties and
reactions of matter, is called chemistry.
What was the concept of Greek A Greek philosopher, Empedocles thought
philosophers?
that all the matter was made up of only
four elements. Earth, Air, Water and Fire.
This concept exist for 2000 years.
What was Doltons Atomic Theory?
Matter is made up of small invisible
particles called atoms. The atoms of any
one element are identical in all respects
but different from those of other
elements.
What is the modern concept about atom? Atom is further composed of sub-atomic
particles such as electron, proton and
neutron.
Define Physical Chemistry
It is the study of the laws and theories
that describe the structure and changes
of matter.
Define Organic Chemistry
It is the study of covalent compounds of
carbon and hydrogen (hydrocarbons) and
their derivatives.
Define Inorganic Chemistry
It is the study of all elements &
compounds except organic compounds.
Define Biochemistry
It is the study of physical and chemical
changes that occur in living things.
Industrial Chemistry
It deals with preparation of chemical
substances on commercial scale.
Define Nuclear Chemistry
It is the study of changes that occur in
atomic nuclei.
Define Environmental chemistry
It is the study of chemicals that pollute
the environment and their effects on
human beings.
Define Analytical Chemistry
It
deals
with
the
methods
and
instruments
that
determine
the
composition of matter.
Define Classification of Matter
Mixture.
Further
classified
into
Homogenous & Heterogeneous
Substance. Further classified into
Elements & Compounds.
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Define substance
Define Element
Define Compound
Define mixture
Heterogeneous mixture:
A mixture that consists of two or more
visibly different components is called
heterogeneous mixture. For example
sand+salt, oil floating on water etc.
Define Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of
an atom is called atomic number. It is
denoted by Z.
Define Mass Number
The total number of protons and neutrons
is called mass number.
What is relative atomic mass. Why it is The mass of an atom of an element
needed?
relative to the mass of an atom of C-12 is
called relative atomic mass.
It is needed because atom is so small that
we cannot determine its mass. Therefore
we can determine its mass relative to
another experimentally.
Define atomic mass unit (amu)
One atomic mass unit is one twelfth the
mass of one atom of carbon-12.
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Differentiate
molecular ion
between
molecule
& Molecule:
It is smallest particle that can exist
independently.
It is always neutral
It is formed by combination of atoms
It is a stable unit
Molecular Ion:
It is formed by loss or gain of electrons
It can have positive or negative charge.
It is formed by ionization of molecule.
It is reactive specie.
Define Free Radicals.
Free radicals are atoms or group of atoms
having odd number of electrons. They are
neutral specie.
Differentiate between ion and free Ion:
radicals
An atom or group of atoms having charge
They exist in solution or in crystal lattice
Ion cannot be produced with the help of
light
Free Radical:
An atom or group of atoms having
unpaired electrons.
They exist in solution as well in air.
Light may produce free radicals.
Define representative particles of an The representatives particles of a
element or compound
substance are atoms, molecules or
formula unit.
Define molecule and its types
Smallest particle of a covalent compound
or
an
element
which
can
exist
independently is called molecule. Its
types are as under:
Monoatomic:
A molecule that contains only one atom is
called monoatomic molecule. i.e. He, Ne,
Ar, Kr etc.
Polyatomic:
A molecule that contains two or more
similar
or
different
atoms
called
polyatomic is molecule. i.e. H2, O2, N2, Cl2
etc.
Define Avogadros Number. How it is The number of atoms, ions or molecules
related to mole of a substance.
present in one mole of a substance is
called Avogadros number. It is denoted
by NA and is equal to 6.02x1023.
Relation to a mole:
1 mole of substance = Avogadros No.
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Classify into
compounds
elements,
mixture
and
LONG QUESTIONS
Question: What is the difference between Compound & Mixture?
Compound:
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Mixture:
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