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1.
What is a Microprocessor?
- Microprocessor is a program-controlled device, whichfetches the instructions from memory,
decodes and executes the instructions. MostMicro Processor are single- chip devices.2.
Give examples for 8 / 16 / 32 bit Microprocessor?
- 8-bit Processor - 8085 / Z80 /6800; 16-bit Processor - 8086 / 68000 / Z8000; 32-bit Processor - 80386 /
80486.3.
Why 8085 processor is called an 8 bit processor?
- Because 8085 processor has 8 bitALU (Arithmetic Logic Review). Similarly 8086 processor has 16 bit ALU.4.
What is 1st / 2nd / 3rd / 4th generation processor?
- The processor made of PMOS /NMOS / HMOS / HCMOS technology is called 1st / 2nd / 3rd /
4th generationprocessor, and it is made up of 4 / 8 / 16 / 32 bits.5.
Define HCMOS?
- High-density n- type Complementary Metal Oxide Silicon fieldeffect transistor.6.
What does microprocessor speed depend on?
- The processing speed depends onDATA BUS WIDTH.7.
Is the address bus unidirectional?
- The address bus is unidirectional because theaddress information is always given by the Micro
Processor to address a memorylocation of an input / output devices.8.
Is the data bus is Bi-directional?
- The data bus is Bi-directional because the samebus is used for transfer of data between Micro
Processor and memory or input / outputdevices in both the direction.9.
What is the disadvantage of microprocessor?
- It has limitations on the size of data.Most Microprocessor does not support floating-point
operations.10.
What is the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller?
- InMicroprocessor more op-codes, few bit handling instructions. But in Microcontroller:fewer opcodes, more bit handling Instructions, and also it is defined as a device thatincludes micro
processor, memory, & input / output signal lines on a single chip.11.
What is meant by LATCH?
- Latch is a D- type flip-flop used as a temporary storagedevice controlled by a timing signal,
which can store 0 or 1. The primary function of a

Latch is data storage. It is used in output devices such as LED, to hold the data for display.12.
Why does microprocessor contain ROM chips?
- Microprocessor contain ROM chipbecause it contain instructions to execute data.13.
What is the difference between primary & secondary storage device?
- In primarystorage device the storage capacity is limited. It has a volatile memory. In
secondarystorage device the storage capacity is larger. It is a nonvolatile memory.
Primarydevices are: RAM / ROM. Secondary devices are: Floppy disc / Hard disk.14.
Difference between static and dynamic RAM?
- Static RAM: No refreshing, 6 to 8MOS transistors are required to form one memory cell,
Information stored as voltagelevel in a flip flop. Dynamic RAM: Refreshed periodically, 3 to 4
transistors arerequired to form one memory cell, Information is stored as a charge in the gate tosubstrate
capacitance.15.
What is interrupt?
- Interrupt is a signal send by external device to the processor soas to request the processor to
perform a particular work.16.
What is cache memory?
- Cache memory is a small high-speed memory. It is used for temporary storage of data & information
between the main memory and the CPU(center processing unit). The cache memory is only in
RAM.17.
What is called ?Scratch pad of computer??
- Cache Memory is scratch pad of computer.18.
Which transistor is used in each cell of EPROM?
- Floating ?gate AvalancheInjection MOS (FAMOS) transistor is used in each cell of EPROM.19.
Differentiate between RAM and ROM?
- RAM: Read / Write memory, High Speed,Volatile Memory. ROM: Read only memory, Low
Speed, Non Voliate Memory.20.
What is a compiler?
- Compiler is used to translate the high-level language programinto machine code at a time. It
doesn?t require special instruction to store in a memory,it stores automatically. The Execution
time is less compared to Interpreter.21.
Which processor structure is pipelined?
- All x86 processors have pipelinedstructure.22.
What is flag?
- Flag is a flip-flop used to store the information about the status of aprocessor and the status of
the instruction executed most recently23.
What is stack?
- Stack is a portion of RAM used for saving the content of ProgramCounter and general purpose
registers

24.
Can ROM be used as stack?
- ROM cannot be used as stack because it is not possibleto write to ROM.25.
What is NV-RAM?
- Nonvolatile Read Write Memory, also called Flash memory. Itis also know as shadow RAM.26.
What are the various registers in 8085?
- Accumulator register, Temporary register,Instruction register, Stack Pointer, Program Counter
are the various registers in 8085 .27.
In 8085 name the 16 bit registers?
- Stack pointer and Program counter all have 16bits.28.
What are the various flags used in 8085?
- Sign flag, Zero flag, Auxillary flag,Parity flag, Carry flag.29.
What is Stack Pointer?
- Stack pointer is a special purpose 16-bit register in theMicroprocessor, which holds the
address of the top of the stack.30.
What is Program counter?
- Program counter holds the address of either the firstbyte of the next instruction to be fetched
for execution or the address of the next byteof a multi byte instruction, which has not been
completely fetched. In both the cases itgets incremented automatically one by one as the
instruction bytes get fetched. AlsoProgram register keeps the address of the next instruction.31.
Which Stack is used in 8085?
- LIFO (Last In First Out) stack is used in 8085.In thistype of Stack the last stored information can be
retrieved first.32.
What happens when HLT instruction is executed in processor?
- The MicroProcessor enters into Halt-State and the buses are tri-stated.33.
What is meant by a bus?
- A bus is a group of conducting lines that carriers data,address, & control signals.34.
What is Tri-state logic?
- Three Logic Levels are used and they are High, Low, Highimpedance state. The high and low
are normal logic levels & high impedance state iselectrical open circuit conditions. Tri-state logic has a
third line called enable line.35.
Give an example of one address microprocessor?
- 8085 is a one addressmicroprocessor.36.
In what way interrupts are classified in 8085?
- In 8085 the interrupts are classifiedas Hardware and Software interrupts.37.
What are Hardware interrupts?

- TRAP, RST7.5, RST6.5, RST5.5, INTR.38.

What are Software interrupts?
- RST0, RST1, RST2, RST3, RST4, RST5, RST6,RST7.39.
Which interrupt has the highest priority?
- TRAP has the highest priority

40.
Name 5 different addressing modes?
- Immediate, Direct, Register, Register indirect,Implied addressing modes.41.
How many interrupts are there in 8085?
- There are 12 interrupts in 8085.42.
What is clock frequency for 8085?
- 3 MHz is the maximum clock frequency for 8085.43.
What is the RST for the TRAP?
- RST 4.5 is called as TRAP.44.
In 8085 which is called as High order / Low order Register?
- Flag is called as Loworder register & Accumulator is called as High order Register.45.
What are input & output devices?
- Keyboards, Floppy disk are the examples of input devices. Printer, LED / LCD display, CRT
Monitor are the examples of outputdevices.46.
Can an RC circuit be used as clock source for 8085?
- Yes, it can be used, if anaccurate clock frequency is not required. Also, the component cost is
low compared toLC or Crystal.47.
Why crystal is a preferred clock source?
- Because of high stability, large Q(Quality Factor) & the frequency that doesnt drift with aging.
Crystal is used as aclock source most of the times.48.
Which interrupt is not level-sensitive in 8085?
- RST 7.5 is a raising edge-triggeringinterrupt.49.
What does Quality factor mean?
- The Quality factor is also defined, as Q. So it is anumber, which reflects the lossness of
a circuit. Higher the Q, the lower are the losses.50.
What are level-triggering interrupt?
- RST 6.5 & RST 5.5 are level-triggeringinterrupts.51.
What are the various registers in 8085?

- Accumulator register, Temporary register,Instruction register, Stack Pointer, Program Counter

are the various registers in 8085 .52.
In 8085 name the 16 bit registers?
- Stack pointer and Program counter all have 16bits.53.
What are the various flags used in 8085?
- Sign flag, Zero flag, Auxillary flag,Parity flag, Carry flag.54.
What is Stack Pointer?
- Stack pointer is a special purpose 16-bit register in theMicroprocessor, which holds the
address of the top of the stack.55.
What is Program counter?
- Program counter holds the address of either the firstbyte of the next instruction to be fetched
for execution or the address of the next byteof a multi byte instruction, which has not been
completely fetched. In both the cases it

gets incremented automatically one by one as the instruction bytes get fetched. AlsoProgram
register keeps the address of the next instruction.56.
Which Stack is used in 8085?
- LIFO (Last In First Out) stack is used in 8085.In thistype of Stack the last stored information
can be retrieved first.57.
What happens when HLT instruction is executed in processor?
- The MicroProcessor enters into Halt-State and the buses are tri-stated.58.
What is meant by a bus?
- A bus is a group of conducting lines that carriers data,address, & control signals.59.
What is Tri-state logic?
- Three Logic Levels are used and they are High, Low, Highimpedance state. The high and low
are normal logic levels & high impedance state iselectrical open circuit conditions. Tri-state logic
has a third line called enable line.60.
Give an example of one address microprocessor?
- 8085 is a one addressmicroprocessor.61.
In what way interrupts are classified in 8085?
- In 8085 the interrupts are classifiedas Hardware and Software interrupts.62.
What are Hardware interrupts?
- TRAP, RST7.5, RST6.5, RST5.5, INTR.63.
What are Software interrupts?
- RST0, RST1, RST2, RST3, RST4, RST5, RST6,RST7.64.
Which interrupt has the highest priority?

- TRAP has the highest priority.65.

Name 5 different addressing modes?
- Immediate, Direct, Register, Register indirect,Implied addressing modes.66.
How many interrupts are there in 8085?
- There are 12 interrupts in 8085.67.
What is clock frequency for 8085?
- 3 MHz is the maximum clock frequency for 8085.68.
What is the RST for the TRAP?
- RST 4.5 is called as TRAP.69.
In 8085 which is called as High order / Low order Register?
- Flag is called as Loworder register & Accumulator is called as High order Register.70.
What are input & output devices?
- Keyboards, Floppy disk are the examples of input devices. Printer, LED / LCD display, CRT
Monitor are the examples of outputdevices.71.
Can an RC circuit be used as clock source for 8085?
- Yes, it can be used, if anaccurate clock frequency is not required. Also, the component cost is
low compared toLC or Crystal

Why crystal is a preferred clock source?

- Because of high stability, large Q(Quality Factor) & the frequency that doesn?t drift with aging. Crystal is
used as aclock source most of the times.73.
Which interrupt is not level-sensitive in 8085?
- RST 7.5 is a raising edge-triggeringinterrupt.74.
What does Quality factor mean?
- The Quality factor is also defined, as Q. So it is anumber, which reflects the lossness of a
circuit. Higher the Q, the lower are the losses.75.
What are level-triggering interrupt?
- RST 6.5 & RST 5.5 are level-triggeringinterrupts.76.
What is clock frequency for 8085?
3 MHz is the maximum clock frequency for 8085.77.
Give an example of one address microprocessor?
8085 is a one address microprocessor.78.
Give examples for 8 / 16 / 32 bit Microprocessor?
8-bit Processor - 8085 / Z80 / 6800; 16-bit Processor - 8086 / 68000 / Z8000; 32-bitProcessor - 80386 /
8048679.

What is meant by a bus?

A bus is a group of conducting lines that carriers data, address, & control signals.80.
What are the various registers in 8085?
Accumulator register, Temporary register, Instruction register, Stack Pointer, ProgramCounter
are the various registers in 808581.
Why crystal is a preferred clock source?
Because of high stability, large Q (Quality Factor) & the frequency that doesnt driftwith aging.
Crystal is used as a clock source most of the times.82.
In 8085 which is called as High order / Low order Register?
Flag is called as Low order register & Accumulator is called as High order Register.83.
Name 5 different addressing modes?
Immediate, Direct, Register, Register indirect, Implied addressing modes84.
In what way interrupts are classified in 8085?
In 8085 the interrupts are classified as Hardware and Software interrupts.85.
What is the difference between primary & secondary storage device?
In primary storage device the storage capacity is limited. It has a volatile memory. Insecondary
storage device the storage capacity is larger. It is a nonvolatile memory.Primary devices are:
RAM / ROM. Secondary devices are: Floppy disc / Hard disk
86.
Which Stack is used in 8085?
LIFO (Last In First Out) stack is used in 8085.In this type of Stack the last storedinformation can be retrieved
first.87.
What is Program counter?
Program counter holds the address of either the first byte of the next instruction to befetched for execution or the
address of the next byte of a multi byte instruction, whichhas not been completely fetched. In both the
cases it gets incremented automaticallyone by one as the instruction bytes get fetched. Also Program
register keeps theaddress of the next instruction.88.
What is the RST for the TRAP?
RST 4.5 is called as TRAP.89.
What are level-triggering interrupt?
RST 6.5 & RST 5.5 are level-triggering interrupts.90.
Which interrupt is not level-sensitive in 8085?
RST 7.5 is a raising edge-triggering interrupt.91.
What are Software interrupts?
RST0, RST1, RST2, RST3, RST4, RST5, RST6, RST7.92.
What are the various flags used in 8085?

Sign flag, Zero flag, Auxiliary flag, Parity flag, Carry flag.93.
In 8085 name the 16 bit registers?
Stack pointer and Program counter all have 16 bits.94.
What is Stack Pointer?
Stack pointer is a special purpose 16-bit register in the Microprocessor, which holdsthe address of the top of
the stack.95.
What happens when HLT instruction is executed in processor?
The Micro Processor enters into Halt-State and the buses are tri-stated.96.
What does Quality factor mean?
The Quality factor is also defined, as Q. So it is a number, which reflects the lossnessof a circuit.
Higher the Q, the lower are the losses.97.
How many interrupts are there in 8085?
There are 12 interrupts in 8085.98.
What is Tri-state logic?
Three Logic Levels are used and they are High, Low, High impedance state. The high