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Linux Calculating Subnets with ipcalc and sipcalc Utilities

by nixCraft on November 19, 2007 6 comments LAST UPDATED March 8, 2008
in CentOS, Debian Linux, FreeBSD
If you need to calculate subnet under Linux use an IP Netmask/broadcast calculator called ipcal. You can calculate
IPv4 or IPv6 address. Supported features:
=> Multiple address and netmask input formats.
=> Retrieving of address information from interfaces.
=> Classfull and CIDR output.
=> Multiple address and netmask output formats (dotted quad, hex, number of bits).
=> Output of broadcast address, network class, Cisco wildcard, hosts/range, network range.
=> Output of multiple types of bitmaps.
=> Output of a user-defined number of extra networks.
=> Multiple networks input from commandline.
=> DNS resolutions of hostnames.
=> Compressed and expanded input addresses.
=> Compressed and expanded output.
=> Standard IPv6 network output.
=> v4 in v6 output.
=> Reverse dns address generation.
=> The ability to "split" a network based on a smaller netmask, also with recursive runs on the generated subnets.
[a] ipcalc : ipcalc takes an IP address and netmask and calculates the resulting broadcast, network, Cisco wildcard mask, and host range. By
giving a second netmask, you can design sub- and supernetworks. It is also intended to be a teaching tool and presents the results as easy to
understand binary values.
[b] sipcalc : Sipcalc is also an ip subnet calculator consisting of two parts. A plain text based console version, and web (cgi) based
counterpart. Sipcalc, in its simplest form takes an ip-address and a subnet mask on the commandline and outputs information about the
subnet. Sipcalc has support for both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.

Install sipcalc and ipcalc

Use apt-get command:
$ sudo apt-get install sipcalc ipcalc

Please note that ipcalc is installed by default under RHEL / CentOS / Fedora Linux using initscripts package.

Examples
Let us see how to calculate subnets for 192.168.0.1/24:
$ ipcalc 192.168.0.1/24

Output:
Address:
Netmask:
Wildcard:
=>
Network:
HostMin:

192.168.0.1
255.255.255.0 = 24
0.0.0.255

11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000001
11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111

192.168.0.0/24
192.168.0.1

11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000000
11000000.10101000.00000000. 00000001

HostMax:
192.168.0.254
Broadcast: 192.168.0.255
Hosts/Net: 254

11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111110
11000000.10101000.00000000. 11111111
Class C, Private Internet

You can also try sipcalc:

$ sipcalc 192.168.0.1/24

Output:
-[ipv4 : 192.168.0.1/24] - 0
[CIDR]
Host address
- 192.168.0.1
Host address (decimal) - 3232235521
Host address (hex)
- C0A80001
Network address
- 192.168.0.0
Network mask
- 255.255.255.0
Network mask (bits)
- 24
Network mask (hex)
- FFFFFF00
Broadcast address
- 192.168.0.255
Cisco wildcard
- 0.0.0.255
Addresses in network
- 256
Network range
- 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.0.255
Usable range
- 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.0.254

More examples:
$ sipcalc 192.168.0.1 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0

Output:
-[ipv4 : 192.168.0.1 255.255.128.0] - 0
[CIDR]
Host address
- 192.168.0.1
Host address (decimal) - 3232235521
Host address (hex)
- C0A80001
Network address
- 192.168.0.0
Network mask
- 255.255.128.0
Network mask (bits)
- 17
Network mask (hex)
- FFFF8000
Broadcast address
- 192.168.127.255
Cisco wildcard
- 0.0.127.255
Addresses in network
- 32768
Network range
- 192.168.0.0 - 192.168.127.255
Usable range
- 192.168.0.1 - 192.168.127.254
-[ipv4 : 255.255.192.0] - 0
[CIDR]
Host address
- 255.255.192.0
Host address (decimal) - 4294950912
Host address (hex)
- FFFFC000
Network address
- 255.255.192.0
Network mask
- 255.255.255.255
Network mask (bits)
- 32
Network mask (hex)
- FFFFFFFF
Broadcast address
- 255.255.192.0
Cisco wildcard
- 0.0.0.0
Addresses in network
- 1
Network range
- 255.255.192.0 - 255.255.192.0

Display results as HTML

$ ipcalc -h 192.168.0.1/255.255.128.0

For more options, please refer to man page:

$ man ipcalc
$ man sipcalc

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{ 6 comments read them below or add one }
1 Sk Shahin Rahman December 13, 2007 at 6:27 am
i am very much help full by this program but in i need another option for IP Range calculate
Reply
2 debug March 8, 2008 at 5:39 am
Woa Sk Shahin Rahman, this article is helpful. Guess what, you work with subnets you really should know how to do binary to
decimal and calculate all different type of subnets without these tools if needed, right? They are just for convenience and speed,
besides you can use these to calculate ranges.
Reply
3 debug March 8, 2008 at 5:42 am
Actually I just realized that you dont even need this tool to get range easily. You just look at how many host bits and then your
ranges are there counting with however many host bits there are.
Reply
4 Teststation June 29, 2008 at 2:33 pm
I LIKE-IT .
Reply
5 svar August 24, 2009 at 7:33 am
Any tutorials for calculating subnets? and to learn the casics of ip classification?
Reply
6 williamson johanson December 17, 2014 at 8:38 pm
The ipcalc that comes with red-hat and derivatives sucks.
The ipcalc for Linux Mint (the one in this article) is fantastic. They are not the same sadly.
How can I replace the one in red-hat/centos with this one?
Reply
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Tagged as: binary values, broadcast address, broadcast network, counterpart, dns resolutions, fedora linux, hex number, host range, input
formats, ip address, ip netmask, ip subnet calculator, ipcalc, ipcalc command, ipv6 addresses, multiple networks, netmask, simplest form,
sipcalc command, standard ipv6, subnet mask, teaching tool, web cgi, wildcard mask
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