MDGS 2015 IN Indonesia

Preliminary
Indonesia has been successful in reducing extreme poverty starting position of
20.6 percent in 1990 eased to 7.5 percent in 2010. Indonesia is determined to be able to
achieve the MDGs by 2015. Some of the targets of the Millennium Development Goals
need to work hard among others ; complete the national poverty , give space to women to
further contribute , piped drinking water supply for urban and rural areas , completing
malnutrition in children . For All things necessary Innovation implementation of the
MDGs with an opportunity to interested parties such as the head of the region , the
institutions of society for participation in realizing the targets of the MDGs .
Keywords : MDG aims , target that needs hard work and innovation.
Background
The purpose of every citizen to life is getting a decent life as what is achieved in
all aspire as a nation . Purpose family would want a healthy and happy family , where
each member of her family to get a quality education for their children . Other life
expectancy must obtain sufficient clothing and food as well as having a decent house to
be occupied by the entire family .
Currently, Indonesia has been categorized as a " middle-income " . It is said that
because the income of Indonesian society based on national Gross Index ( GNI ) , which
is calculated from the total market value of goods and services produced by a country in a
given period , the per capita income of Indonesia in 2007 was $ 1,650 . This value is
equivalent to Rp . 1,250,000 per month . When compared with other countries , Indonesia
entered the order of 142 of the 209 countries in the world ( UNDP , 2008) .
The eight MDGs are to be implemented by each country to declare that ;
1 ) reducing poverty and hunger
2 ) achieving universal primary education for all
3 ) promote gender equality and empowerment of women

4 ) reduce child mortality

5 ) improve maternal health
6 ) combat HIV / AIDS , malaria and other infectious diseases
7 ) ensure environmental sustainability
8 ) develop a global partnership for development .
Indonesia as one of the countries that participated in delivering the MDGs have an
obligation to make efforts to achieve the MDGs and to monitor the progress of
achievement .
Achievement of the MDGs is a series of long-term continuous process . This is
not an easy thing , especially when Indonesia is still in a transition period to recover from
the multidimensional crisis that began with the economic - financial crisis in 1997 ,
toward a more democratic government and implementing reforms in almost all spheres of
life . It requires the cooperation of all walks of life ranging from government ,
community, business , politics , and academic institutions. This is what will be studied in
this paper , how the strategies implemented by the Indonesian government to carry out
community development programs to realize the Millennium Development Goals.
Purpose MDG Goals and Targets
MDGs has been in elaborate in the targets that can be measured and its progress
can be monitored and reported using indicators that can be verified and internationally
comparable. To each state is given the flexibility to customize and localize to these
indicators. For more details on the presented in Table 1 below .

Table . 1 Purpose and targets of the MDGs

The Purpose
1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Targets
1. Reduce the proportion of people whose
income is below $ 1 PPP per day to half the
period 1990-2015 .
2. Reduce the proportion of people who
suffer from hunger by half between the

2. Basic Education for all

years 1990 to 2015

3. Ensure that , by 2015, children
everywhere men and women , able to

complete primary education .

3. Promote Gender Equality and Women's 4. Eliminate gender disparity in primary
Empowerment

and secondary education in 2005 and in all

levels of education no later than 2015

4. Reduce child mortality

5. Reduce child mortality by two-thirds ,

between 1990 and 2015 .

5. Improve Maternal Health

6. Reduce maternal mortality by threequarters between 1990-2015.

6. Combat HIV / AIDS , Malaria , and 7. Controlling the spread of HIV / AIDS
Other Diseases

and began to lower the number of new

cases in 2015.
8. Controlling malaria and started declining
number of cases of malaria and other
diseases by 2015. Ensuring Environmental
Sustainability

7. ensure environmental sustainability

9. Integrate the principles of sustainable

development into country policies and

programs

and

reverse

the

loss

of

environmental resources .
10. Decrease by half the proportion of
people without access to safe drinking
water

and

basic

sanitation

facilities

sustainable and 2015 .

11. Achieve significant improvement in the
lives of poor people in the slums by 2020 .
8. Develop a Global Partnership for 12. Conduct further development of trade
Development

and financial system that is open , rulebased , can be predicted , and not
discriminatory .
13. Combating the problem of foreign loans
through national and international measures
in order to manage foreign loans are
sustainable in the long term .
14. In cooperation with the countries
growing in developing and implementing
strategies

for

creating

decent

and

productive employment for young people

15. In cooperation with the private sector in
the use of new technologies , especially
information and communications

Indonesia has managed to reduce poverty , as measured by indicators of USD

1.00 per capita per day , by half . Progress has been made in an effort to further reduce
the level of poverty , as measured by the national poverty line and from the current level

of 13.33 per cent ( 2010 ) to target 8-10 percent in 2014 . The prevalence of malnutrition
in children under five has dropped from 31 percent in 1989 to 18.4 percent in 2007 , so
that Indonesia is expected to achieve the MDG target of 15.5 per cent in 2015 .
Indonesia's efforts to achieve the MDGs on basic education and literacy towards
the achievement of the 2015 target ( on-track ) . Even Indonesia establishes basic
education exceeds the MDG targets by adding secondary schools as a target of universal
primary education . In the year 2008/2009 gross enrollment rate ( GER ) SD / MI
including a package has reached 116.77 percent and net enrollment rate ( NER ) of
approximately 95.23 percent. At the elementary school level ( SD / MI ) show disparity in
education participation among provinces narrowed with APM in almost every province
has reached more than 90.0 percent .
Efforts to promote gender equality and women's empowerment has been achieved
and the result has been increased gender equality at all levels and types of education . The
ratio of net enrollment rate ( NER ) of females to males in primary schools and junior
high schools , respectively for 99.73 and 101.99 in 2009 , and the ratio of letters melekm
women to men in the age group 15 to 24 years have reached 98.85 .
Reduce child mortality have shown a significant number of 68 in 1991 to 34 per
1,000 live births in 2007 , so that the target of 23 per 1,000 live births in 2015 is expected
to be achieved . Target child mortality is expected to be achieved .
In Indonesia , maternal mortality rate ( MMR / Maternal Mortality Rate)
decreased from 390 in 1991 to 228 per 100,000 live births , so that it takes hard work to
achieve these targets . Efforts to reduce maternal mortality is supported also by increasing
the contraceptive prevalence rate and reducing the unmet need through expanding access
and quality of family planning and reproductive health .
The prevalence rate of HIV / AIDS is likely to rise in Indonesia , especially in
high-risk groups , namely injecting drug users and sex workers . The number of HIV /
AIDS cases reported in Indonesia more than doubled between 2004 and 2005. The
incidence of malaria per 1000 population decreased from 4.68 in 1990 to 1.85 in 2009.
Meanwhile , control of tuberculosis which includes case detection and treatment have
reached the target .

The level of greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia is quite high , despite efforts
to increase forest cover , eliminate illegal logging , and the commitment to implement the
policy framework to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the next 20 years has been
carried out . The proportion of households with access to safe drinking water increased
from 37.73 percent in 1993 to 47.71 percent in 2009 . Meanwhile , the proportion of
households with access to adequate sanitation increased from 24.81 per cent (1993 ) to
51.19 per cent (2009 ) . Efforts to accelerate the achievement of drinking water and
proper sanitation continue to be given to investments of drinking water and adequate
sanitation continues to be done through the investigation of drinking water supply and
sanitation , primarily to serve the urban population continues to increase . In rural areas ,
water supply and sanitation is done through empowering people to have responsibility for
the management and development of infrastructure facilities.
Indonesia is an active participant in various international forums and is committed
to continue to develop partnerships with other multilateral organizations , bilateral
partners and the private sector to achieve economic growth patterns that impact on
poverty reduction ( pro - poor ) . Indonesia has benefited from international development
partners . To increase the effectiveness of cooperation and management of development
assistance in Indonesia , Jakarta Commitment has been signed with 26 development
partners in 2009. Along with this , Indonesia has committed to reduce foreign
government debt to GDP ratio of 24.6 per cent in 1996 to 10.9 percent in 2009.
Meanwhile , Debt Service Ratio Indonesia also has declined 51 percent in 1996 to 22
percent in 2009 .
The programs to achieve the MDGs in Indonesia
National Program for Community Empowerment ( PNPM) urban and rural
To improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction and job creation , the
government launched the National Program for Community Empowerment ( PNPM)
began in 2007. Through PNPM Mandiri redefined mechanism for poverty alleviation
involving elements of society , ranging from planning , implementation, monitoring and
evaluation . Through a participatory development process , critical awareness and

independence of the community , especially the poor , can can be cultivated so that they
are not as objects but as subjects of poverty reduction efforts.
PNPM Mandiri implemented until 2015. This is in line with the target time or the
Millennium Development Goals Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs ) . PNPM
Mandiri based on indicators of success that will help Indonesia realize measurable
achievement of the MDG targets .
Family Hope Program ( FHP )
Family Hope Program (FHP ) is a poverty reduction program . The program is
also in use as one of the programs that support the achievement of the MDGs by 2015.
The main goal is to help reduce poverty FHP by improving the quality of human
resources in very poor communities . These objectives as well as efforts to accelerate the
achievement of the MDGs .
Innovation Achievement of MDGs
Some of the targets of the MDGs aim is to be implemented with hard work ,
among others, is the decline in the national poverty level . Still not show changes in 1990
amounted to 15.1 percent in 2010 amounted to 15.4 percent . This is a challenge in
achieving the MDGs by 2015 .
Target decrease maternal mortality rate and infant mortality rate and Toddlers face
obstacles because the decline is very slow .
The successful implementation of various efforts to achieve the MDGs, is
determined by the implementation of good governance at district / city level that has
autonomy and a huge responsibility in this era of decentralization . Success in achieving
the MDGs in Indonesia , need to be given the opportunity to local government district /
city to participate actively in implementing policies that lead to the attainment of MDG .
The shape of the award as a success is the form of a performance award . Can be done in
the form AWARDS MDGs , or facilitate the implementation of the budget or financing
innovation MDGs .

CONCLUSION

Achievement of the MDGs with existing development strategies would be more

meaningful achievement was conducted with the participation of all parties in Indonesia
starting from the Government , LSM , Private Line , the general public and school
community . A movement in order to realize the achievement of the MDGs by 2015 can
be done by holding a competition between local districts / cities throughout Indonesia .

Question

1. what is the meaning of the MDGs 2015?

1. apa arti dari MGDs 2015?
2. whether Indonesia has reached the 2015 MDG target of this ?
2. apakah Indonesia sudah mencapai target MDGs 2015 ini ?
3. what are the obstacles to achieving the 2015 MDG targets in Indonesia
?
3. apa saja hambatan-hambatan dalam mencapai target MDGs 2015 di
indonesia ?
4.what efforts were made Indonesia to achieve the MDGs by 2015 ?
4. apa upaya yang dilakukan indonesia untuk mencapai target MDGs 2015?
5. as a student what can you best behavior to achieve the MDGs in 2015 ?
5.sebagai seorang mahasiswa apa yang bisa kamu lakuan untuk mencapai
target MDGs 2015?
6. of the eight MDGs in 2015 there was one fight against HIV / AIDS ,
malaria and other infectious diseases , as a medical student as where
the way you present it to the general public about this ?
6. dari delapan target MDGs 2015 ada salah satunya memerangi HIV/AIDS,
malaria dan penyakit menular lainnya, sebagai seorang calon dokter bagai
mana cara anda menyampaikannya kepada masyarakat umum tentang hal ini?

Answer
1. Millennium Declaration agreed outcome heads of state and
representatives from 189 countries of the United Nations ( UN ), which
started in September 2000 , an eight- point goals to be achieved by 2015
.

1. Deklarasi Milenium hasil kesepakatan kepala negara dan perwakilan dari 189 negara
Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa (PBB) yang mulai dijalankan pada September 2000, berupa
delapan butir tujuan untuk dicapai pada tahun 2015.
2. has not been fully achieved , but Indonesia has managed to reduce
poverty , as measured by indicators of USD 1.00 per capita per day , by
half , prevalence of malnutrition in children under five has dropped
from 31 percent in 1989 to 18.4 percent in 2007 , so that Indonesia is
expected to achieve the MDG target of 15.5 per cent in 2015 .

2. belum sepenuhnya tercapai tetapi Indonesia telah berhasil menurunkan tingkat

kemiskinan, sebagaimana diukur oleh indikator USD 1,00 per kapita per-hari, menjadi
setengahnya, Prevalensi kekurangan gizi pada balita telah menurun dari 31 persen pada
tahun 1989 menjadi 18,4 persen pada tahun 2007, sehingga Indonesia diperkirakan dapat
mencapai target MDGs sebesar 15,5 persen pada tahun 2015.
3. Millennium Development Goals by 2015 will be difficult because at the
same time the government also had to bear the burden of huge debt
payment . MDG programs such as education , poverty , hunger , health ,

the environment , gender equality and women's empowerment requires

considerable cost . Referring to data from the Directorate General of
Debt Management, Ministry of Finance , as of August 31, 2008 , the
largest Indonesian debt repayment burden will occur in 2009-2015, with
amounts ranging from Rp97,7 trillion (2009 ) to Rp81,54 trillion
( 2015 ) for the same time frame achievement of the MDGs

3. Tujuan Pembangunan Milenium pada tahun 2015 akan sulit karena pada saat yang
sama pemerintah juga harus menanggung beban pembayaran utang yang sangat besar.
Program-program MDGs seperti pendidikan, kemiskinan, kelaparan, kesehatan,
lingkungan hidup, kesetaraan gender, dan pemberdayaan perempuan membutuhkan biaya
yang cukup besar. Merujuk data Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Utang Departemen
Keuangan, per 31 Agustus 2008, beban pembayaran utang Indonesia terbesar akan terjadi
pada tahun 2009-2015 dengan jumlah berkisar dari Rp97,7 triliun (2009) hingga Rp81,54
triliun (2015) rentang waktu yang sama untuk pencapaian MDGs
4.