STRENGTH OF MATERIALS
2014.
Remark:
The questions can be put in other form or version, moreover, in relation with examples!
34. Bending and tension or compression for bars of tension-compression materials. Culmanns
(internal) kernel.
35. Stresses in cross section with eccentric compressive load in axis of symmetry with notension material.
36. Moment area (moment load) method. Example of calculation of displacements.
37. Principal directions of stresses. Principal stresses. Numerical and graphical solutions for
plane stress state. Approximate solution of principal directions.
38. Principal directions of strains. Principal strains. Solution based on principal stresses.
39. Principle of virtual displacements (principle of virtual work). Applications.
40. Principle of virtual forces (principle of complementary virtual work). Applications.
41. Displacement of beams by the principle of virtual forces.
42. Stationary principle of potential energy. Applications.
43. Stability analysis. Stable, unstable and critical equilibrium states.
44. Static and energy methods of stability analysis.
45. Energy method of stability analysis applied to a one-degree-of-freedom structure.
46. Elastic and plastic buckling. Diagram of critical stresses in terms of the slenderness ratio.
47. Critical force of a bar with different support conditions.
60. Derive the general formulae of bending. Specify the difference between uniaxial and
biaxial bending.
61. Determine the normal stresses from biaxial bending by using the general method.
62. Determine the normal stresses from biaxial bending by using the method of superposition.
Find the neutral axes in this case.
63. Determine the stresses in an inhomogeneous elastic beam in the case of uniaxial bending.
What is the substitute homogeneous cross section in this case?
64. Show the steps of complex elastic-plastic analysis in the case of uniaxial bending.
Calculate the elastic and plastic moment load bearing capacity in this case.
65. Derive the formula of vertical and horizontal shear stresses for the case of simultaneous
bending and shear, in the case of symmetric solid cross sections loaded in the vertical axis
of symmetry. Calculate the total shear stress at a given point of the cross section. What is
the distribution of the shear stresses in the cross section?
66. Calculate the longitudinal horizontal shear stresses in a beam loaded by bending and
shear. What is the mechanical role of these shear stresses in the design of beams composed
by horizontally glued or screwed elements?
67. Show the distribution of the shear stresses in thin-walled cross sections loaded in their
axis of symmetry. Where is the shear centre?
68. Show the distribution of the shear stresses in thin-walled cross sections loaded
orthogonally to their axis of symmetry. Where is the shear centre?
69. Determine the stresses for eccentric tension/compression by using the general method
(method of neutral axis) of biaxial bending. The material behaviour is the same for tension
and compression. Draw the stress diagrams.
70. Determine the stresses for eccentric tension/compression by using the superposition
method of skew bending. The material behaviour is the same for tension and compression.
71. Calculate the stresses in a cross section loaded symmetrically by an eccentric compressive
force, if the material cannot resist tension.
72. Introduce the moment area method for calculating the displacements of a beam.
73. How to describe the stress and strain state of an arbitrary point of a body?
74. What are the stress vector and stress tensor? Show the decomposition of a stress vector
belonging to a plane with normal vector n for its normal and shear stress components.
75. What are the principal stresses and principal stress directions? Calculate them for space
stress state by means of the characteristic equation of principal stresses.
76. Determine the principal stresses and directions for plane stress state by using numerical
and graphical methods.
77. Introduce the special stress states. Define them and show the corresponding Mohrs
circles.
78. Introduce the special strain states. Define them and show the corresponding Mohrs
circles.
79. Introduce the principal stress trajectories. Show a simple example.
80. What are the principal strains and principal strain directions? What is the dilatation?
81. What is the virtual displacement system? What is the internal and external virtual work?
82. What is the virtual force system? What is the internal and external virtual complementary
work?
83. How to calculate reaction and internal forces by using the theorem of virtual
displacements? Show an example.
84. How to calculate the displacements by using the theorem of virtual forces? Show an
example.
85. Introduce the concept of potential energy. How many independent variables are in the
function of potential energy for a structure of finite degrees of freedom? What are these
variables?
86. Derive the stationary principle of potential energy. What type of equations of strength of
materials are equivalent to this principle?
87. Write the total potential energy function for an arbitrary structure.
88. Define the concept of stable, unstable and critical equilibrium states.
89. Introduce the energy method of stability analyses for a structure with n degrees of
freedom. (Hesse-matrix)
90. Derive Eulers formula of critical force for buckling.