Dept of Science-Isro-Atomic-Energy PDF

Content Page
1.
Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)
1 - 15
2.
Department of Science & Technology (DST)
19 - 34
3.
Department of Biotechnology (DBT)
37 - 50
4.
Department of Defence Research
53 - 68
& Development: Defence Research &

Development Organisation (DRDO)
5.
Ministry of Earth Science (MoES)
71 - 74
6.
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
77 - 88
7.
Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)
8.
Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)
91 - 122
125 - 131
Department of Atomic Energy

The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) is a broad based multidisciplinary organization established
more than five decades ago. Its activities encompass Research and Development in nuclear science and
engineering, industrial scale production of some of the critical raw materials, manufacture of components,
equipment and systems needed for Indian nuclear programme, generation of nuclear power, and support
to research, academic activities and services associated with nuclear energy and allied subjects within
the country.
Working in the areas of nuclear science and technologies, DAE has developed a wide range of
technologies, and those are available for industry in the country. Short term nuclear power programme
and some of the mature spin-off technologies available for transfer are brought out in this compendium.
They are classified under six major categories viz, Energy, Environment, Water, Food & Agriculture,
Health and Others (Electronics, Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical and Metallurgy).
Energy
Following its mandate of enhancing the share of nuclear power in the country through development of
indigenous and other proven technologies, it is setting of power reactors and associated fuel cycle
facilities in the country.
Reactor type and capacity

17 reactors at 6 sites in operation at Tarapur, Rawatbhata, Kalpakkam, Narora,
Kakrapar and Kaiga
Capacity
(mwe)
Cumulative
capacity (mwe)
4120
4120
660
4780
2,000
6,780
500
7,280
- PHWRs(8x700 MWe)
5,600
12,880
- FBRs(4x500 MWe),
2,000
14,880
300
15,180
~10,000
~25,000
3 PHWRs under construction at Kaiga 4 (220 MWe), RAPP-5*&6(2x220 MWe)

* Synchronised to grid on 22-12-09 ** achieved criticality on 23.01.2010
2 LWRs under construction at Kudankulam (2x1000 MWe)
PFBR under construction at Kalpakkam (1 X 500 MWe)
Projects planned till 2020
- AHWR(1x300 MWe)
Additional LWRs through international cooperation till 2020
Environment
The following technologies are available are:
1. Flue gas conditioning technology for reduction in suspended particulate matter
2. Solid Waste Management Plant (NISARGRUNA)
3. Radiation technology for urban sludge hygienisation

4. Plasma pyrolysis
5. Particle Aerodynamic Size Separator (PASS)
6. Infra Red Methane Gas Alarm Unit
7. Low Background Gas Flow Beta Counter
8. Improved Method for Fluoride Treatment from Aqueous Effluent
Some of these technologies are described below while for more information on other technologies
please visit http://www.barc.ernet.in/technologies/techavail.html .
Fuel gas conditioning technology for reduction in Suspended Particulate Matter

Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) constitutes one of the
major air pollutants and cause many respiratory diseases
including the dreaded silicosis. Coal fired thermal power
stations are the major culprits which contribute maximum
SPM pollution in the ambient air. The flue gas from a coal
fired thermal power station contains fine particles of ash
with size varying from 80 microns to less than 5 microns.
Electro Static Precipitators (ESP) is used to knock down
the ash particles from the hot flue gas and to maintain SPM
concentration within permissible limits specified by the
State Pollution Control Boards. However, in many power
stations, the concentration of the SPM exceeds the specified
limits. This is due to the high ash content in our coals (40(first from right) is with ammonia conditioning at
45%), low sulphur content in our coal (<0.4% - better of Stack#2
Punjab State Electricty Board (PSEB) Plant, Bhatinda,
course from SO2 emission), acidic to neutral nature of ash Punjab
(6.8pH), humidity variation and above all, gradual
deterioration in the performance in the ESP are few of the reasons for increase in SPM concentration
even in some well managed power stations. This is where the flue gas conditioning technology developed
in India for the first time by the Heavy Water Board in one of its heavy water plants having a coal fired
captive co-generation plant as a spin-off finds excellent application. This technology is patented by
DAE and has been transferred to five private parties and has also been given to NTPC and BHEL.
Solid Waste Management Plant (NISARG-RUNA)

BARCs NISARG-RUNA plant for solid waste management offers a Zero garbage, Zero
effluentmethod for waste management. A conventional plant can handle only gobar & / or human
waste. NISARG-RUNA plant can process almost any biodegradable waste including kitchen waste,
paper, grass, gobar, dry leaves etc. There is a good potential for energy generation in this biphasic
biomethanation plant.
A substantial portion of our biodegradable waste is food waste (38-40%) which is used to generate
methane. This methane gas can be used as fuel for domestic purposes or in vehicles. The vegetable and
paper waste yield manure. Manure obtained from such waste has high nitrogen contents. This manure
acts as an excellent soil conditioner. The plant returns as organic manure that is 10% of the total waste
processed. It is weedfree and does not have any offensive smell.
About 50 such plants have been installed at various

places in the Country. Another 50 such plants are under
construction.
NISARG-RUNA pays back Natures loan, in the form in
which the Nature will appreciate.
Radiation Technology for Urban

Sludge Hygienization
Total sewage generation from urban centres in India is
around 30 billion liters a day while the total sewage NISARGRUNA Plant at BARC
treatment capacity at present is estimated to be 3 billion
liters a day. The drainage and sewerage provided covers about 80% of the urban areas.
The radiation treatment of sewage sludge offers an efficient, simple and reliable method to produce
pathogen free sludge which can be further upgraded to produce a value added bio-fertilizer and allow
recycling of waste products.
The conventional waste water treatment plants
typically employ the anaerobic digestion process
for reducing the pathogen content of treated
sludge. The waste water sludge generated by a
sewage plant is very odorous and contains a high
level of pathogens which limit the reuse of this
waste which is otherwise a rich source of nutrients.
Its disposal in the present form is an economic
loss to the country. Further processing of the
sludge to reduce odour and pathogens is therefore
necessary, before the beneficial utilization or
recycling of solid sludge can be recommended.
The high energy gamma radiation from Cobalt60 has the ability to inactivate the pathogens with
a very high degree of reliability, and in a clean and
efficient manner.
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, in collaboration with
Vadodara Municipal Corporation, has established a Sludge
Hygienization Research Irradiator (SHRI) at Vadodara to
demonstrate this technology and gain hands on experience
for operating such a plant as an integral part of the existing
waste water treatment facility. The plant has been designed
and built indigenously. The operational experience of more
than ten years has established that a radiation dose of about
3 kGy delivered to the sewage sludge ensures removal of
more than 99.99% of disease causing bacteria.
Sewage processing incorporating radiation plant
Manure from SHRI plant used in field
Plasma Pyrolysis for Medical Waste

Plasma is the state of matter obtained by breaking down
atoms into ions and electrons by the process of ionization.
Plasmas can quite easily reach temperatures of 10,000
degree Celcius.
Plasma technologies offer unique solutions to meet the
increasing demands of dematerialisation to develop
ecologically sensible industrial practices like high
temperatures, high chemical reactivity, high energy density
and ability to process solids, liquids and gases. In plasma
pyrolysis, generation of heat is independent of chemistry
of material used. It is fast heating 5000 Celcius can be
Commercial Plasma Pyrolysis System
achieved in milliseconds. It is fast quenching and consumes
small quantity of gas. The high ultraviolet radiation flux
destroys pathogens and waste to be treated, could be dry or wet. It is possible to recover energy in the
form of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Plasma pyrolysis provides solutions for complete pyrolysis of typical hospital waste such as cellulose
polymer dressings, polyvinyl chloride blood bags, polyurethane and silicon rubber gloves & catheters
and other disposables made of polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, rubber, glass etc. The system
provides high temperatures combined with high UV radiation flux which destroys pathogens completely.
The Facilitation Centre for Industrial Plasma Technologies (FCIPT) of the Institute of Plasma Research,
Gandhinagar, Gujarat, an aided institute of DAE, has developed Pyrolysis System for disposal of medical
waste. A unit is operating at the Gujarat Cancer Research Institute at Ahmedabad and the technology
has been transferred to a private entrepreneur M/s Bhagwati Pyrotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahemdabad, Gujarat.
These plants can handle plastic and medical waste upto 50 kg/hr.
Health
The following technologies are available are
1. Cobalt-60 Teletherapy Machine (BHABHATRON)
2. Handheld Tele-ECG Instrument for Rural Health Care
3. Hydrogel burn and injury dressing
4. Green laser for diabetic retinopathy**
5. Surgical Carbon Di-Oxide Laser**
6. Nitrogen laser for medical applications**
7. Medical Analyzer Software
8. Digital Medical Imaging System
9. Biphasic Medical Electroporator
10. Dust Respirator and Airline Respirator
11. Impedance Cardio Vasograph
12. Cardiac Output Monitor
13. Non-Invasive Blood Pressure (NIBP) Module

14. TLD Badge for Personnel Monitoring
15. Direct Reading Dosimeter (QF- DRD)
16. Dry Aerosol generation/ inhalation system
17. Digital Pocket Radiation Dosemeter (DIGIDOSE)
18. Auto TLD Badge Reader [TLDBR 7B]
19. Oximeter Module (spO2 Monitor)
20. Blood Irradiator*
21. Radioimmunoassay Kits*
22 . Radiopharmaceuticals*
Cobalt-60 Teletherapy Machine (BHABHATRON)

Teletherapy machines are used for treating localized solid tumors, such
as cancers of the skin, tongue, larynx, brain, breast, or uterine cervix.
About half of the cancers incidents can be treated with Cobalt-60
Teletherapy Machine.
Highlights of the machine
Fully closable collimator for improved radiation safety is a unique

feature of the machine.
Automatic source withdrawal during emergency.
Lower penumbra for better beam quality.
All operations are completely computer controlled to facilitate

easy operation, complete control over all operating parameters
and improved radiation safety.
Patient details and treatment details displayed on screen for close monitoring during treatment.
On-screen status of AC power, battery, door, wedge, key and air supply.
Position of radiation source displayed: safe/ transit/ treatment.
Display of scheduled treatment time, time completed and time remaining.
Treatment can be interrupted and resumed
Technology of Bhabhatron transferred to M/s Panacea Medical Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore. So
far 14 machines have been installed in various cancer hospitals of the country. Many more are in the
process. One machine has been supplied and commissioned at Can Tho Oncology Hospital, in Vietnam.
Under the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) any 200 bed hospital can buy such telecobalt
teletherapy machine. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has circulated inclusion of Bhabhatron
under list of teletheraphy machine.
Handheld Tele-ECG Instrument for Rural Health Care

The concept of Tele-ECG was introduced more than 30
years ago, through the use of telephone lines. However,
this application is limited to communication between fixed
locations equipped with conventional handsets. The latest
trend is to develop wireless telemedicine built around
satellite communication, which requires expensive
equipment, dedicated links and skilled manpower.
Similarly wireless Local Area Networks (LANs) and shortrange Radio Frequency (RF) transceivers, as used in
hospitals, cant be utilized for rural applications. Therefore,
for worldwide communication and rural health care,
mobile cellular network like Global System for Mobile or
better a Third Generation network is needed.
BARC has developed a Handheld Tele-ECG Instrument operated with the help of a mobile phone via
bluetooth. It records ECG of the subject and displays the same on mobile screen. After complete
recording, the ECG can be sent to the experts mobile through Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)
for his opinion. It is ideally suited for rural health care. The machine can also be operated through
Laptop or Desktop in place of mobile phone in hospitals having local area network.
Features
Low cost, portable and compact
Mobile as well as LAN connectivity
Acquisition, processing, storing and visualization of ECG in real time
Using a secure GPRS connection for transfer of ECG data
Hydrogel Burn and Injury Dressing

Hydrogel is a gel like material, capable of holding large amount of water within its structure.
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) has developed a process for large-scale production of hydrogels
based on cross-linking of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) by radiation. It holds patent for this process. All
ingredients used in the process are low cost, biocompatible and are locally available or can be readily
imported under OGL.
Hydrogels are used for medicinal purposes particularly for
burn and injury dressings. These dressings have water
content in excess of 90% and have capacity to absorb
wound exudates. They have cooling effect on the burn
wound and thus reduce the severity of the pain. It further
provides moist environment, soften any slough, provides
sterile cover and regulates the oxygen supply to the wound
site to enable faster healing. The hydrogel has property of
adhering firmly yet gently to the healthy surface. This
results in painless dressing. Being transparent, the process
of the wound healing can be observed without removing
the dressing. These dressings are available in various sizes.

Technology for this product has been transferred to
ABS Medicare Pvt. Ltd, Vadodara and Reddys laboratories,
Hyderabad.
Green Laser PHOTOCOAGULATOR FOR

Diabetic Retinopathy
Raja Ramanna Centre for Advance Technology (RRCAT)
has developed a green laser photo-coagulator for the
treatment of diabetic retinopathy. This laser photocoagulator has successfully passed clinical trials at Aravind
Eye Care System, Madurai and is being used there.
Diabetes is today a big medical problem in India. Its
diagnosis and treatment is a major challenge especially, since
the accompanying ill-effects of the disease can lead to
several problems. As the disease progresses, it can lead to
a host of eye-related complications, including a rupture of
blood vessels that can even lead to blindness. To avoid
such complications, ophthalmologists carry out a
procedure called retinopathy, using a photocogulator. In
our instrument, the photocogulator deploys a green
laser beam.
Part of Treated Retina of Eye using our Laser 13.08.08
In this unit,the laser power can be varied from 50 mW to

about 2 W. The unit has advanced safety and failsafe
features, including automatic recognition of different
ophthalmic probes. The doctors can monitor and set all
parameters of the device by using a colour touch screen
controller and can operate the unit with a foot switch.
Compared to conventional method laser surgery is
accurate, painless, fast and hygienically safe.
Water
Green laser photocoagulator of SSLD, RRCAT
1. Water Resource Management

2. Desalination plants (Multistage Flash, Reverse Osmosis, Low Temperature Evaporation, MultiEffect Distillation Vapour Compression, Barge mounted RO)
3. Preparation of Composite Polyamide Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane for Brackish Water
Desalination
4. Domestic Water Purification Device Based On Photocatalysis Using Solar Light
5. Fluoride Detection Kit for ground water (FDK)
6. Membrane Assisted Defluoridation Process for Safe Drinking Water
7. Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water by physicochemical process

8. Back-washable Spiral Ultrafiltration Technology for Domestic & Industrial Water Purification
9. Shipborne Desalination Plant/ Fresh Water Generator
10. Online domestic water purifier based on ultrafiltration polysulphone membrane.
Water Resources Management

During the last few decades, BARC has developed and
successfully applied a number of isotope techniques for
water resources management in collaboration with a
number of end user organizations.
The techniques employed include the use of naturally
occurring environmental stable isotopes of water
(Deuterium and Oxygen-18), cosmic ray produced
radioisotopes in the environment (Tritium and Carbon-14)
and reactor produced radioisotopes (Bromine-82, Gold198, tritium etc.).
Mass spectrometer for measurement of stable isotopes of water
Isotope techniques have been applied in the following

investigations
Groundwater salinisation and pollution
Groundwater recharge in arid / semi arid areas
Interconnection between water bodies
Seepage in dams, reservoirs, tunnels etc.
Flow measurements in mountainous rivers
Dispersion of effluents in marine environment

Groundwater monitoring in coastal Orissa
Desalination plants (Multi-stage Flash,

Reverse Osmosis, Low Temperature
Evaporation, Multi-Effect Distillation
Vapour Compression, Barge mounted RO)
As a part of the programme for improving the quality of
life of the large Indian population by systematic induction
of nuclear energy, BARC has been engaged in R&D
activities on desalination since 1970s. The development
activities in the field of desalination were initially based on
thermal processes. Later, the programme for development
of membrane processes was also included in 1980s when
this process showed sign of commercial viability. Over a
period of time, BARC has successfully developed
Nuclear desalinatin demonstration project, Kalpakkam,

Tamil nadu
desalination technologies based on multi-stage flash (MSF)

evaporation, reverse osmosis (RO) and low temperature
evaporation (LTE). In the field of thermal desalination,
efforts are directed towards utilizing the low grade heat
and the waste heat as energy input for desalination.
Based on these technologies, a number of desalination
plants have been successfully demonstrated during the last
few years. These include desalination plants for conversion
of sea water into fresh potable water, providing safe
drinking water in brackishness affected areas and for
process applications.
Reverse Osmosis Plant (Capacity: 30 cubic metre per

day) set up at Sheelgan village, district Barmer, Rajasthan.
DAE-CSIR programme on safe drinking water costing over Rs 700 crores is being finalised. 150000
units of small capacity (electric/ non electric) water purifiers (40 to 1000 LPD); 9000 units of community
size water purification systems (150 KLD capacity); 110 units of medium capacity land based/ trailor/ barge-mounted desalination and water purification systems (50-100 KLD capacity) and 14 units of
Large capacity plants (more than 0.1 MLD capacity) will be installed. 2 units of membrane making
facility will also be installed.
Preparation of Composite Polyamide

Reverse Osmosis (RO) membrane
for Brackish Water Desalination
Reverse osmosis (RO) is an efficient desalination technology
for providing safe drinking water from brackish and sea
water. Brackish water desalination is very common
nowadays as most of the surface water available is brackish
water. With proper collection and utilization, the reject
stream can also be beneficially utilized.
Membrane is the key component of the
desalination process. BARC is engaged in the
research and development of membrane
preparation, assembling in different
configurations and applications in various
fields. Earlier BARC had developed and
transferred the technologies for UF
membranes. Techn-ology for rolling of these
membranes in spiral module has also been
transferred. Present technology is developed
for thin film based composite polyamide
membranes and prototype 2512 spiral
module. These membranes are capable of
removing 90% salinity from brackish water
(~feed concentration upto 3000 ppm). Using
the developed technology, commercial size flat
sheet membranes can also be made.
Domestic Water Purification Device Based On

Photocatalysis Using Solar Light
In a large number of underdeveloped and developing
countries, there is scarcity of safe drinking water. People
are forced to drink contaminated water infested with
disease causing bacteria, which causes many water born
diseases. Various methods like chlorination, ozonation,
boiling and irradiation by UV light are used
to purify water. However these methods require
chemicals, fuel, and electricity, which are not available in
remote undeveloped areas. A domestic water purification device is designed on photocatalytic
disinfection of water using non-toxic, reusable photocatalyst and solar light. The device does not require
electricity, chemical and high pressure tap water.
It works on solar light. (Even diffused sunlight on a cloudy day is sufficient), does not require electricity,
chemical and high pressure tap water, is very effective as it kill bacteria > 99.99 % (4log scale) and
Almost maintenance free except occasional cleaning of the glass cover, prefilter and tray. The device
purifies water in batch mode. The device of 60 cm x 65 cm x 10 cm size can disinfect ~ 15 liters of
drinking water daily using solar light.
Food and Agriculture

1. Trombay Crop Varieties (Groundnut, Soybean, Blackgram, Greengram, Pigeonpea, Mustary,
Rice, Jute) Micropropagation of Banana
2. Radiation processing of food and agricultural commodities
3. Banana Juice Extraction Process
4. Laser assisted land leveling system **
5. Green manure crop Trombay Sesbania Rostrata
6. Pheromone Technology
7. Soil Organic Carbon Detection Kit (SOCDK)
8. Sericulture
9. Foldable Solar Dryer
10. Vibro thermal disinfestor (VTD)
11. Soil Organic Carbon Detection Kit (SOCDK
Some of these technologies are described below while for more
information on other technologies please visit http://www.barc.ernet.in/
technologies/techavail.html .
Trombay Crop Varieties

The research and development carried out at BARC in the field of
radiation technology applied to agriculture, has contributed towards the
development of high yielding crop seeds, optimizing use of fertilizers
and pest control. Under nuclear agriculture programme, BARC has
10
achieved release of 38 elite varieties including 15 pulses,

(blackgram, mung, pigeon pea and cow pea), 21 oil seeds
(groundnut, soybean, mustard and sunflower) and one
each of rice and jute. Their share in the national breeder
seed indent is more than 40% for pulses and about 30%
for oil seeds.
Progress in breeding of crop plants depends upon selection
of favorable combination of characters available in the
population. Heritable variants occur spontaneously in all
living organisms and are largely due to mutations of genes. Trombay Akola Groundnut (TAG-24)
The frequency of mutations can be greatly enhanced by
exposing seeds and other plant parts to radiation. Radiation
- induced mutations enhance the range of variability from which plant breeders can select and combine
different desired characteristics to produce better crop plants. Using this approach, improved varieties
of pulses, groundnut, mustard, rice and jute have been developed at the Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre (BARC).
Trombay akola groundnut (TAG-24) is:
Early maturing groundnut variety with semi-dwarf habit, high harvest index (>50%), high
partitioning and water use efficiency
Released for Maharashtra, West Bengal, Rajasthan and Karnataka
Popular in Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Punjab and Tamil Nadu
Identified as National Check Variety for Rabi/summer trials
Average yield: 2,000 - 2,500 kg/ha
Responds well under improved agronomical practices wherein >10,000 kg/ha yield achieved
Radiation processing of food

and agricultural commodities
Radiation technology can complement and supplement
existing technologies to ensure food security and safety. It
provides effective alternative to fumigants that are being
phased out due to their adverse effects on environment
and human health. Radiation processing technology can
be used for:
Disinfestation of food grains and pulses
Inhibition of sprouting in bulbs and tubers
Extending shelf-life under recommended conditions
of storage
Ensuring microbiological safety
Overcoming quarantine barriers to international trade
The technology can also be used for hygienization and

sterilization of non-food items including cut-flowers, pet
food, cattle feed, aqua feed, ayurvedic herbs and medicines
and packaging materials.
11
Two technology demonstration units have been set up

by DAE, one at Vashi, Navi Mumbai, for application
of high doses for commodities such as spices and
dry vegetables (30 tonnes/day), and another at
Lasalgaon near Nashik (Maharashtra) for commodities
such as onion (10 tonnes/day), cereals, pulses and their
products, and cut-flowers requiring low dose irradiation.
Eight such plants have been set up by private
entrepreneurs, five are under construction while another
five MoUs has been signed.
Banana Juice Extraction Process

Banana is the most abundant fruit crop grown in India.
Extraction of juice is an effective method of reducing postharvest loss of the fruit. A novel lab-scale process has been
developed at BARC for extraction of juice from banana
and production of banana powder as a by-product. Clear
juice with a yield of upto 55% (w/w) is obtained without
addition of any enzymes and can be stored upto 3 months
inside cold storage at temperatures below 40C without
adding any preservatives. The residual pulp is converted
into fine banana powder.
APPLICATIONS of Banana Juice
Being high on potassium and useful enzymes, it can be used as a health drink.
Can be used mixed with other fruit juices or drinks for additional flavor.
Can be concentrated and used as Syrup in food industry
APPLICATIONS of Banana Powder
Can be used as a substitute for flour in cakes and biscuits,
Can be used as a flavoring agent in milk
Can be a good high-fiber low-sugar food base for patients

of diabetes
Laser assisted land leveling system

The system consists of a laser plane generator or the scanner unit,
a scale mounted sensor unit for initial surveying and a tractor
mounted sensor and controller unit for controlling the scrapper
bucket to automatically level land. The control unit can be
modified appropriately to control earth movers and road & rail
laying machines.
The scanner unit consists of a suspended diode laser module with
a large pendulum mass. When the unit is coarsely leveled to 3
12
the laser is under free suspension and is plumb. A penta-prism

mounted on a precision rotating platform with the axis co-xial to
the laser beam scans out a laser plane. The scale mounted detector
unit is a laser sensor which indicates the position of the scanned
laser beam from the scanner unit by buzzer as well as on a LCD
display. The scale unit is used mounted on a measuring staff and
indicates the local height at any place.
This technology has already been transferred to OSAW
Udyog,Ambala in Punjab.
Other Technologies
Electronics, Electrical, Mechanical, Chemical and Metallurgy
1. Electron Beam Welding Machine/Equipment
2. Extended Reach Master Slave Manipulator (ERM)
3. Sealed Type Three-Piece Master Slave Manipulator (TPM)
4. Eco friendly surface hardening by Plasma nitriding
5. Manual Liquid Scintillation Counting System
6. Advanced PC based Acoustic Emission Analyser for Non -Destructive Testing & Evaluation
7. USB-MCA: 8K Multi-Channel Analyzer with PHA and MCS Modes and USB Interface
8. 20-KV, 10-80 KJ Energy Storage Capacitor Bank
9. Acceleration-Deceleration Control Valve and Circuit for Hydraulic Lift
10. Bayard Alpert Vacuum Gauge
11. Canned Motors
12. Controlled-Potential Coulometer
13. Electrochemical System
14. Glass to metal Seals
15. High and Ultra High Vacuum Bellows Sealed Valves
16. Intelligent Braille System
17. Ionization Gauge Controller
18. Laser based Digital Data Communication System
19. Motion Feed Throughs for Ultra High Vacuum
20. Optical Encoder and Display Unit
21. Oxygen Measuring System
22. Potentiostat/ Galvanostat
23. Servo Power Amplifier for AC Servomotor
13
24. Spectroscopy Amplifier (A225)

25. On Line Set Point Servo System (OLSPSS)
26. Triode Sputter Ion Pumps
27. Production of Optical Quality Electroless Nickel (EN) Coating on Copper Substrate
28. Spectrum Stabilising PCMCA Card (PHAST2)
29. Mini-Micro Stepping Control Drive & Associated Drive software with algorithm for
stepper- motor
30. Video Frame Buffer PC-add-on card
31. PC add on card for 20 million samples per second (ANUDAQ - 20)
32. Ultrapurification of Arsenic
33. Ultrapurification of Gallium
34. Di2ethyl hexyl Phosphoric acid (D2EHPA)
35. L.T.V. Deaeration System
36. Silver and sulphide ion selective electrode
37. Yttrium Vanadate Phosphor
38. Porous Polysulfone diaphragm as separator in Electrochemical process
39. Micronization Of Natural Graphite Powder
40. Preparation of CaS04: Dy TLD Phosphor
41. Ammonia absorption refrigeration system
One of the technology is described below while for more information on other technologies please visit
http://www.barc.ernet.in/technologies/techavail.html .
ECO Friendly Surface Hardening by Plasma Nitriding

An engineering component usually fails when its surface cannot adequately withstand the external
forces or environment to which it is subjected. The choice of the surface with appropriate
thermal, optical, magnetic and electrical properties and sufficient resistance to wear and corrosion
is crucial for its functionality. It is often impractical and
uneconomical to manufacture components from a bulk
material simply for its surface properties. Instead, it is better
to use a cheaper material and modify the surface for suitable
high performance. Several techniques like chemical vapor
deposition, plasma spraying, nitriding and ion implantation
have been used to modify the surfaces.
Plasma Nitriding (PN) process, is a thermo-chemical
technique of surface modification for improvement of
mechanical properties such as wear, hardness, fatigue, as
well as chemical properties such as corrosion resistance and
biocompatibility. Plasma nitriding is carried out in lowpressure plasma of a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen
14
Gears plasma nitrided at FCIPT
gases to which the parts to be treated are exposed. The nitrogen ions formed bombard the surfaces of
the parts, which become heated and allow diffusion of nascent nitrogen inwards to form nitrides.
During the process, the plasma uniformly covers the contours of the parts as shown in figure 1. The
diffusion layer thus formed has a ductile compound layer and a high wear resistance, apart from
possessing a higher hardness and a higher resistance to point loads, impact, etc., compared to other
methods of nitriding. Apart from this the compound layer formed is less. Hence components can be
directly used without any refinishing or cleaning operation. Also the improvement in properties brought
about by plasma nitriding frequently allows cheaper, lower alloyed materials to be used.
Facilitation Center for Industrial Plasma Technologies (FCIPT), a division of Institute for Plasma Research
(IPR), located at Gandhinagar, Gujarat, has developed state of the art PN systems using actively heated
hot wall furnaces and cold wall furnaces capable for enhanced glow discharge plasma nitriding.
Instrumentation developments include IGBT pulsers up to 100 A capacity, computer based process
control etc. This technology has been transferred to Ms/ Millman Thin Films, Pune. They have been
installed at Indo German Tool Room, Ahmedabad and BIT, Jaipur with the help of FCIPT and support
from Department of Science and Technology, Delhi.
15
Science, Technology & Innovation
Department of
Science and Technology
Department of Science and Technology

Department of Science and Technology (DST) was established with the objective of promoting new areas
of Science and Technology and to play the role of a nodal Department for organizing, coordinating and
promoting S & T activities in the Country. Some of the key constituents of its mandate are noted
underneath.
Formulation of policy statements and guidelines and coordination on S&T related matters wherein
number of institutions and departments have interests and capabilities.
Supporting basic and applied research in national institutions and creating infrastructural facilities
to enable this cause.
Fostering international cooperation in S & T.
Socially oriented S &T interventions for rural and weaker sections.
Popularization of Science and Technology.
Technology Development and Commercialization.
S & T driven entrepreneurship development.
Scientific Surveys and MIS for S & T.
DST also has a network of autonomous research institutions, working in specific domain areas related to
basic as well as applied sciences. In the following pages, some of the technologies have been showcased
coming out of four such institutions namely i) Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and
Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum ii) International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy
and New Materials (ARCI), Hyderabad iii) Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune & iv) Indian
Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata.
Technologies in Market (SCTIMST)
S.
No.
1.
Blood Bag
Sterile, disposable device used for collection, component

separation, cryostorage & transfusion of blood.
19
2.
Mechanical Heart Valve
Permanent Implant to replace the diseased natural heart

valves
3.
Blood Oxygenator & Cardiotomy Reservoir
Oxygenator is a rigid shell disposable device used during

open-heart surgery as the artificial lung. Cardiotomy
reservoir is a disposable device used during open-heart
surgery for the collection, filtration and recirculation of blood
from the surgical site.
4.
Hydrocephalus Shunt
Neurosurgical implant used for the controlled drainage of

the cerebrospinal fluid
5.
Concentric Needle Electrode
Disposable electrode assembly to pick-up the neuromuscular

electrical activity.
20
6.
Haemoconcentrator
Extracorpeal device used in cardiac surgery
7.
Membrane Oxygenator
Used to oxygenate blood remove carbon di-oxide thereby

warm/cool the patient in cardiac surgery
8.
Single Solution Bonding Agent
A fifth generation bonding agent replacing the two

component system currently in use.
9.
Dental Composites
Dental composites constituting Chemical cure, Light Cure,

Radiopaque dental composite and Dentine bonding agent
21
10.
Glass Ionomer Cement
For core build up, luting and restorative applications
11.
Hydroxyapatite & Bioactive Ceramic

Composites
Hydroxyapatite Porous Granules, Graded Porosity Buttons

for Burr-Hole Closure, Ceramic Spacer for Vertebral
Laminoplasty,Bioactive Composite Blocks for Iliac Crest
Repair , Bioactive Composite Porous Blocks and Rods
Technologies under Re-Licencing / Modification (SCTIMST)

12.
Fibrin Glue
Sealant used to arrest bleeding
13. Woven Large Diameter Vascular Prosthesis
For grafting purpose
22
14. Field Kit for Detecing Antibiotic Sensitivty in

Mastitic Milk
Cost effective, quick and convenient solution for testing

antibiotic sensitivity in mastitic milk
15. Hydroxyapatite Porous Granules
Substitution, augmentation, filling and reconstruction of

bone defects
16. Chitosan Wound Dressing
Wound dressings based on chitosan
17.
Bioactive Ceramic Composites
For dental applications
23
Technologies in Pipeline (SCTIMST)

18.
Centrifugal Blood Pump
Blood Pump Control and Monitoring Unit with disposable

Centrifugal Pump Head for Extracoporeal Cardiotomy
Bypass
19. Chemo Mechanical Caries Removal Agent
Removal of dental caries by a two component mixture
20.
Microparticles Based Hemostatic

Chitosan Material
Porous chitosan microparticles as topical hemostat
21. Disposable ECG Electrodes
For routine use in Operation Theatre and for special

applications, e.g.Stress test / Exercise ECG recording,
Paediatric use, Long term use in ICU
24
Nano Silver Impregnated Ceramic Drinking Water Filter

(Real Life Scale / ARCI)
Key Features
Nanosilver synthesis technology developed under ARCIs Nanomaterials programme

and also field tested in medical centres at various villages in Andhra Pradesh with the
help of a NGO
Using a simple wet chemical method the nano silver average particle size 50 nm is
impregnated through out the cross section of the ceramic drinking water filter.
Easy operation and maintenance

1. No electrical power required
2. No pressurized water (tap water) required
3. Easy maintenance
Low cost
1. The amount of silver used is very low (0.2 wt %)
2. The cost of the candle increases by 25-30%
3. The cost of the filter assembly increases only by 3-5%
4. Candles are usually changed once in six months
Initial Count
Count after filtration
1000
10000
100000
Laboratory test results for E-coli bacteria as per IS 16221981 & EPA Guidelines
Applications Developed and Technology Transfer Status

For ceramic water filter candles used in stainless steel filters. The ARCI
nano silver coating technology has been transferred to SBP Aquatech
Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad. The technology is ready for transfer for all other
states except Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu as the exclusivity for these
two states has been given to above company.
Micro Arc Oxidation (Real Life Scale / ARCI)

Key Features
Eco friendly & economically viable
Uniform, dense, hard (1300 1800 HV) and thick (1-200 mm) coatings compared to
conventional anodizing and hard anodizing
Excellent tribological properties
25
5-40 times service life enhancement
Ability to coat a large variety of Al, Ti, Mg and

Zr metals and their alloys
Ease to coat complex shapes and difficult to

access regions
Synthesized fully dense, ultra-hard coatings
Coating formation mechanisms, phase

relationships and structure-property
correlations established
Successfully synthesized functional coatings on

a wide variety of Al alloys
Up-scaled MAO Unit
Optimized coating deposition kinetics (1.3 2.3

mm/min.)
Established superior coating properties compared to conventional acid based processes like anodizing
& hard anodizing
Technology demonstrated for a wide array of applications
Applications Developed and Technology Transfer
MAO Technology patented in India and U.S.
Technology Transferred to 3 companies in India
Technology scaled up to suit mass production requirements
R&D efforts to establish the process on Ti, Mg and Zr alloys in

progress
Technology Available for export and for states in India other

than Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu and Karnataka as exclusive
license has already been given in these 3 states.
MAO coated textile components
Detonation Spray Coating (DSC) Technology

(Real Life Scale / ARCI)
Key Features
Developed with co-operation of the Institute of Problems of

Material Science, Kiev, Ukraine, the original inventors of the
D-Gun
Attractively priced-less than imported HVOF units
Fully indigenous DSC technology now adopted widely by the

Indian industry for coating wide range of engineering
components to enhance their life
Commercialization of DSC technology accelerated by strong

foundation laid by ARCI, through process-related R & D,
26
DSC Unit in operation
application development and market sensitization
ARCI continues to develop wide-ranging coatings for Indian industries
Properties
Excellent Adhesion
< 1% Porosity
High Microhardness
Low Thermal Degradation
Low Oxide Content
Good Tribological Properties
High Coating Thickness
Good Powder Efficiency
Low Substrate Temperature
Low Cost of Operation
Less Gas Consumption
Less Water Consumption
Less Electrical Consumption
Less Down Time
Less Work Scrap
Applications Developed and Technology Transfer
Applications Developed for multiple industrial sectors Aerospace,

Engineering, Chemical, Automotive, Steel, Oil, Energy, Paper,
Textile, Power Generation etc.
Technology successfully transferred to 4 companies in different

regions of India
Technology is available for export

DSC Unit in operation
Laser Surface Treatment and Laser Welding (Real Life

Scale / ARCI)
Key Features of Laser Welding
High power density
High depth of penetration (aspect ratios upto 20:1)
High welding speeds and low heat input
Can weld wide variety of materials with varying thickness
Possibility to precisely focus the beam spot at desired location
Appropriate heat balance can be obtained while welding dissimilar materials or thicknesses
Pulsed mode operation

27
Low heat input precision welding
No vacuum requirement, unlike electron beam welding
Can weld magnetic materials, unlike electron beam welding
Non contact process and hence clean weld unlike Shielded Metal Arc Welding or Tungsten Inert Gas
welding
Some laser wavelengths can be sent through optical fiber and to weld inaccessible locations
Applications Targeted
Tailor-Welded Blanks (TWB) for automotive bodies
Gear assemblies in automotive transmission
Stringer welding to skin of fuselage
Sandwich panels for ship building
Stainless steel equipment
Hermetically sealed valves for solenoid applications
Key Features of Laser Surface Treatment (Hardening, Alloying and Cladding)
Moderate to rapid cooling rates resulting in fine homogenous structures
Selectively localized area processing
Controlled case depth
Minimal distortion
Chemical cleanliness
Minimal post treatment
High process flexibility
Excellent reproducibility
Ease of processing with CNC programming
Faster production rates
No quenchant requirement
Steam turbine blades
Crank shafts
Cam shafts
Forming dies
Cutting tool edges
28
Nanocrystalline Zinc Oxide (ZnO) based Varistors (Pilot Scale / ARCI)

Key Features
Developed a novel method to make Nanocrystalline ZnO powders and convert them into varistors
Nanocrystalline ZnO powder is used as it helps reduce sintering temperature compared to

conventional micron powder
Breakdown voltage is 5 times compared to commercial varistors
Coefficient of Non-Linearity is 3 to 4 times higher than commercial varistors
Lower Leakage current compared to commercial varistors
Scale up using flame spray pyrolysis has been achieved
ARCI and Commercial Varistor discs
I-V Characteristics of ARCI and commercial varistors
Surge voltage protection in electrical and electronics industry in the form of varistors and lighting arrestors
Silica Aerogels (Laboratory Scale / ARCI)

Key Features
Silica aerogels have been developed at ARCI in different forms such as flexible sheets, granules,
monoliths and nanoparticles.
Low density and high thermal insulation capability
They are prepared by sol-gel method, followed by a special drying process known as supercritical
drying. Even sub-critical drying is also used depending on the application requirement
Silica aerogels are reinforced with organic or inorganic fibers for low and high temperature
applications respectively to impart greater flexibility
The lowest density achieved is 0.05 g/cc and the highest surface area achieved is 1600 m2/g
Cryo insulation applications
Light weight insulating clothing
29
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanorods by Flame Spray Pyrolysis

(Laboratory Scale / ARCI)
(From L-R) Aerogel developed as Sheets, Monoliths, Granules and Nanoparticles at ARCI
Key Features
Bulk production of ZnO Nanorods using Flame Spray

Pyrolysis (FSP) method
FSP is a process wherein the liquid precursor

evaporates in the flame and undergoes chemical
reaction to cluster embryos of the product material.
These clusters eventually grow into nanoparticles by
collision, fusion and sintering mechanisms
This process is suitable for producing metal oxide and

doped metal oxide nanopowders/ nanorods on a
commercially relevant scale
According to results the avg. aspect ration of ZnO

nanorods were 4 and BET surface area of the powder
was 27 m2/g
TEM Image of ZnO nanorods
XRD results reveal formation of pure ZnO nanorods phase
ZnO nanorods for sunscreen lotions
A Novel DNA Preservation Technology Microspore

(Bench Scale / ARI)
It is a biomimetic, non-cryogenic method for long term preservation of nucleic acids in a structurally and
functionally intact form. The technology platform uses microcapsules of a biopolymer extracted from
plant pollen grains, namely sporopollenin. Sporopollenin is inert to chemical action and is an excellent
insulator (resists temperatures from -196 C to +900 C).
Our technology (patented in India and abroad, PCT/IN2009/000641; Indian patent no. 956/MUM/2008)
consists of a method of incorporating DNA material in the sporopollenin microcapsules. It has been
shown by appropriate experimentation and mathematical modeling that such DNA will remain intact
for a long period, typically exceeding 100 years.
The potential application areas for the technology are forensic science, healthcare, pharmaceuticals,
30
medicine, military and basic research, etc. The technology is likely to replace the conventional method
of preserving nucleic acids under cryogenic conditions.
Considering the vast applications of the technology the potential market worldwide could be to the tune
of several billion dollars. The technology has won the India Innovation Pioneers Challenge (IIPC) 2009
competition and was showcased at Intel-University of California, Berkley Technology Entrepreneurship
Challenge (BTEC) 2009.
We have already prepared prototypekits using the technology. The indicative price for preserving 100
nucleic acid samples works out to Rs 17000 as against Rs 29000 for a competing product available in the
market.
A Novel Protease for Industrial Application (Real Life Scale / ARI)

A microbial protease production process is developed by using Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from
vermi-compost soil. The production of protease is optimum in a medium soyabean meal and tryptone of
pH 7. 0, at 30C in 72h with 1% inoculum under shake culture conditions. The protease, which is calcium
independent, has specificity towards natural substrates like casein, elastin, gelatin but it does not
hydrolyze collagen and keratin. The enzyme is active in range of pH 6-11, being optimum at 8. 0,
temperature 25-65C, optimum at 37C. The protease is stable in presence of SDS, sodium tri
polyphosphate, sodium tetraborate, tween 80, triton X 100 which are ingredients of commercial detergents
and surfactants. It is also active in commercial detergents like Tide, Areal, Nirma, Rin Shakti and Surf
Excel.
The ammonium sulphate precipitated protease finds potential application in leather industry for dehairing
of hides and skins of buffalo, sheep and goat skin without using any chemicals. Enzymatically prepared
wet blue and crest leather of buffalo hide were of comparable quality with control. This protease can
improve leather quality and reduce pollution load of the tannery effluent.
The enzyme finds an application as an additive in detergent and also for recovery of silver from X-ray
and photographic films and preparation of protein hydrolysate.
ARI-SCOE Microbial Process for Removal of H2S

from Biogas (Laboratory Scale / ARI)
The process uses Thiobacillus culture in fixed film reactor for removing H2S from biogas. H2S is reduced
from 3 % to 0.01 % in 6-8 minutes. CO2 concentration is also reduced by 12 %.
High Solid Biomethanation (Real Life Scale / ARI)

The process removes 60 % COD of distillery waste having initial COD 150,000 ppm in twostage anaerobic digestion process. The process generates 15 L biogas/ L waste, methane content of which
is 55-58 %
Microbial Technology for Removal of Aromatic Dyes and Phenolic

Compounds from Industrial Waste Waters (Real Life Scale / ARI)
The invention relates to a process for treatment of industrial wastewaters containing triphenylmethane
(TPM) dyes comprising immobilization of bacterial culture of Pseudomonas mendocina on brick pieces,
31
circulation of industrial wastewater containing TPM dye in the range of 2-10 ppm, through brick media
having immobilized culture using water circulation pump, at 2820 C for 48 h, which results in 85 to
90% removal of TPM dyes and degradation of the dyes to carbon dioxide.
Technology for the Production of Chromium-Enriched

Yeasts (Laboratory Scale / ARI)
A microbiological process is developed for the treatment of effluents containing heavy metals in
bioreactors. The specific microorganisms convert soluble metals into their insoluble forms which are
easily separated by settling or filtration and effective removal of metals is achieved. The method is nonpolluting and hence eco-friendly.
Integrated Microbial Process for the Removal of Groundwater

Arsenic (Real Life Scale / ARI)
The invention describes an integrated microbial oxidation-alumina adsorption process for the removal
of arsenic from groundwater
Integrated Chemical-Microbial Process for the Recovery of

Metals from Photovoltaic Modules (Laboratory Scale / ARI)
A chemical-microbiological method for the recovery of metals from cadmium telluride photovoltaic
modules is proposed. The chemical component utilizes dissolution of metals. Selective biosorption of
silver and cadmium is achieved with recovery of 86% and 80%. Tellurium is converted microbiologically
to its metallic form in a bioreactor and can be converted at an efficiency of 99%.
Formulation Comprising Nanoparticles of Methylglyoxal

Conjugates (Pilot Scale / IACS)
This invention relates to methylglyoxal chemically conjugated to nanoparticles i.e. nano-methylglyoxal
as an anticancer drug. The invention specifically applies to the use of nanoparticles conjugates of
methylglyoxal for inhibition and/or treatment of cancer of the Colon, Prostate, Larynx, Kidney, Pancreas,
Lung, Breast, Intestine, Oral cavity, Ovary, Glioblastoma, and Leukemia. The invention also relates to
compositions and optimization of the methods of preparation of nano-methylglyoxal. The anticancer
activity of the conjugates is attributed to the inhibition of the activity of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate
dehydrogenase enzyme. The invention therefore relates to compositions and methods of inhibiting cancer
using Schiffs base conjugates of methylglyoxal with chitosan, which is more effective than methylglyoxal
alone.
Transition Metal Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (Pilot Scale / IACS)

This invention deals with transition metal ions doped semiconductor nanocrystals that are free from
heavy metals like cadmium and therefore environment friendly. The present invention also deals with a
process for the preparation of such transition metal ion doped semiconductor nanocrystals, where the
reactions take place at a temperature less than 300oC. The said doped nanocrystals are stable in air and
under UV radiation in both solution and precipitated solid form. The semiconductors used are mainly
32
Manganese and Copper for best results. These highly fluorescent non toxic materials are found to be
technologically important, not only for biological applications, but also in several other applications,
such as for lighting and display devices, where absence of Cd and Se is considered to be the real advantages
to the wide applicability of such materials.
Process for Non-Toxic, Water-Soluble and Functionalized Transition

Metal Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (Laboratory Scale / IACS)
This invention provides nontoxic, water soluble and functionalized transition metalion doped ZnS
semiconductor nanocrystals, having very high quantum yield. These nanocrystals are effective in
fluorescent biological labeling and can be used as bioconjugates useful for different biomedical
applications. The invention further deals with a process for preparing these functionalized transition
metal ion doped semiconductor nanocrystals comprising the steps of polymer coating, polymerization
followed by purification and functionalization, providing long shelf life and stability over a large pH
range. It includes the process of fluorescence biological labeling with the nontoxic, water soluble and
functionalized transition metal ion doped semiconductor nanocrystals for long term cell imaging
applications.
Positive Morpholino Based Antisense Agent (Laboratory Scale / IACS)

This invention relates to a cationic morpholino-based antisense agent comprising cationic inter-subunit
linkages in the oligonucleotide backbone and cationic side chains to the purine, pyrimidine bases of
DNA. It includes the neutral alkynyl-side chain to the purine & pyrimidine bases in order to have better
neutral morpholino oligomers. The invention describes a synthetic method for the preparation of the
said agent and discusses various applications including but not limited to regulation of gene expression,
tissue culture with improved transfection efficiency and studies on cationic morpholino-conjugated dyes,
flurophore, drugs etc for cellular transfection properties. The method is easy to perform, cost effective
and takes lesser time and ingredients to prepare the product. The product when added to the media
shows better transfection efficiency than the available materials. As this agent does not conjugate with
arginine-rich peptides thus not required to be administered in an injection form only, just solubilization
in culture medium may be sufficient for penetration. They are the shorter length than 25-mer morpholino
because they bind strongly with DNA.
Process for the Treatment of Coconut Fibers after Separation

from Husk (Laboratory Scale / IACS)
This invention provides an improved method of treatment of coir fibers obtained from defibering machine,
which obviates the disadvantages associated with retting and does not cause pollution. In this process
the brightness and softness of the coir fibers are also improved with increase in production rate of at
least 25%. These new fibers are stable up o a period of 3 months. The process is advantageous as it may
be applied to both types of fibers obtained from green husk as well as dry husk. The process includes
steps of soaking the coir fibers in a fresh bath containing sodium chloride and tamarind extract, removing
the reacted coir fibers from said first bath and introducing the coir fibers of step (b) into a second bath
containing ligninase and laccase.
33
Anticancer Activity of Imino-Acid Conjugates of

Methylglyoxal (Laboratory Scale / IACS)
The invention relates to the use of imino acid conjugates of methylglyoxal for the inhibition and/or
treatment of cancer. The invention relates more specifically to the use imino acid conjugates of
methylglyoxal for inhibition and/or treatment of cancer of the Colon, Prostate, Larynx, Kidney, Pancreas,
Lung, Breast, Intestine, Oral cavity, Ovary, Glioblastoma, and Leukemia. The invention also relates to
compositions and methods of inhibiting cancer using imino acid conjugates of methylglyoxal.
A Multi-Junction A-Si : H Solar Cell (Laboratory Scale / IACS)

A multi junction a-Si:H solar cell having doped microcrystalline thin films comprising the following
layers. i) a SnO2 - coated glass of 10% Haze; ii) p-type a-SiC:H film as window layer having a thickness
of about 100 A; iii) an optical band gap of 1.9eV and dark conductivity - 10-6 Son-1 ; iv) buffer layer is a
a-SiC:H film with optical band gap of 1.85 eV and thickness of 50 - 100 A; v) undoped a-Si:H film of a top
cell in multijunction solar cell having band gap of 1.75 eV and thickness of 700 800 A; vi) n-type ?c Si:H film having thickness of 250 - 300 A; vii) p-type a-SiC:H film of a bottom cell of said multijunction
solar cell having thickness of 800-100 A; viii) undoped a-Si:H layer of said bottom cell having thickness
of ~ 3000 A; ix) n-type a-Si:H layer having thickness ~ 300-350 A; and x) back metallization by Ag. The
invention relates to wireless communications, and in particular, to a receiving device and method in a
base station, for locating a mobile station.
34
Department
of Biotechnology
Medical
Agricultural
Environmental
Industrial
State Biotech Parks
Public-Private Partnership Models
Department of Biotechnology
Rotaviral Diarrhoea Vaccine
Rotavirus infections are the leading cause of diarrhea-associated mortality in developing countries. It is
the leading cause of dehydration and accounts for 150,000 deaths per year in children in India.
World Health Organization and the Global Initiative for Vaccines and Immunization have
recommended the accelerated development and introduction of rotavirus vaccine as a priority.
DBT supported Rotaviral Diarrhoea Vaccine development.
Product
Live attenuated oral Rotaviral vaccine based on
strain 116E
Partners
Academic
All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi
Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore
Stanford University, USA.
Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi
National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi
Industry
M/s Bharat Biotech International Limited, Hyderabad
Current Stauts
The Phase-III clinical trials will be initiated by March/ April, 2010.The vaccine is likely to be
available by 2011.
JEV-CHEX An test system for early detection

of Japanese Encephalitis
JEV-CHEX is a diagnostic kit to detect JE virus in CSF with
100 % specificity and sensitivity. It is a rapid ELISA for IgM
capture developed jointly by the NIMHANS, Bangalore;
NII, New Delhi and KGMC, Lucknow through DBT support
and commercialized by Xcyton Diagnostic Ltd, Bangalore
since 2004 after extensive clinical testing. The kits are
available at a price of about Rs. 100 per test and also supplied
to WHO.
37
Japanese Encephalitis is the most common encephalitis caused by an arbo-virus with ~50,000 deaths
annually worldwide.
In India, repeated epidemics have occurred in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh
and the virus has made inroads in the states of Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan alerting healthy officials.
There have been many episodes of JEV in Gorakhpur district in UP.Though many countries have adopted
vaccination programme in their immunization schedule for children, its early detection is important in
providing timely treatment.
Other affordable healthcare product

IMMUVAC-a promising immuno-modulator for Leprosy &
Tuberculosis
Immuvac is based on killed Mycobacterium indicus praniiMIP (earlier known as Mw) developed by the National
Institute of Immunology and being commercialized by M/s
Cadila Pharmaceuticals, Ahmedabad after technology
transfer.It has received Orphan drug designation in USA as
an adjuvant to MDT for multi-bacillary leprosy and has
shown profound immuno-modulatory effects in
tuberculosis as well.
There are emerging indications that MIP may be clinically
useful as an immuno-modulator in other diseased
indications including cancer.
Low-cost Recombinant FSH- LIGRAF for infertility treatment
Developed under SBIRI, the recombinant Follicle
Stimulating Hormone (r-FSH) is being commercialized by
the M/s. Bharat Serums & Vaccines Ltd., Mumbai under the
brand name Foligraf. The product has been launched in
the Indian market in 2009 with a market share of approx.
30% in the Indian recombinant FSH market.
It is in a lyophilized form in two different strengths of 75
IU & 150 IU per vial. Used for treatment of fertility disorders
in women, it has shown to effectively stimulate follicular
development and steroidogenesis, despite unmeasureable
LH levels in women whose endogenous gonadotrophin
secretion is suppressed.
Dispersible Zinc Tablet- a novel anti-diarrhoel

formulation for National Program
More than 1.5 million children under five continue to die
each year as a result of acute diarrhea with about 500,000
deaths in India. The use of Zinc along with oral rehydration
therapy (ORT) is recommended by WHO and Governemnt
of India after R & D by DBT, WHO & AIIMS,
38
BIBZinC-20mg (Dispersible Zinc Sulphate Tablet)
Recommendations
20 mg of elemental zinc supplementation per day for 10-14 days for children
10 mg per day for infants fewer than six months of age
GOI recommends the inclusion of zinc in RCH 2 / NRHM for treatment of diarrhoea. The recommendation
is: 20 mg. of zinc suplhate dispersible tablets for use in child hood diarrhoea for 14 days alongwith
addition of ORS.
Iron-rich Rice for Anaemia Control

For ICDS & NRHM Schemes
ULTRA RICE- UR is a micronutrient-fortified,

manufactured food product that was developed to
address nutritional deficiencies in populations where
rice is a staple food
UR grains resemble traditional milled grains in size

and shape and remain stable during washing &
cooking stages of rice preparation
Iron Fortified Rice Premix increases body iron stores

and reduces iron deficiency in school children
Can be introduced in the Mid-day meal programme

specially under ICDS and NRHM schemes
Introduced at Naandi Foundation, Vishakhapatnam

for about 60,000
Resource poor school children
Local capacity-building through DBT: Enquiries from

potential units welcomed
Novel Therapeutic Food for Management of

Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM): Hospitals/
Re-habilitation Centers/ Homes
8.97 million under five children suffer from acute

SAM
For SAM in children above the age of 6 months, homebased Medical Nutrition Therapy can reduce the
fatality rates significantly
Novel therapeutic foods can be used in hospitals, rehabilitation centers or at home
Therapeutic Foods for SAM developed in India as per

WHO specifications and tested. These have specific
compositions and were proved to e effective for
functional recovery
39
Therapeutic Foods for SAM are homogenization of fried gram /peanut flour, extruded rice flour,
soyabean oil, powdered sugar, skimmed milk powder, roasted soya dhal & soya lecithin in paste
form. These are energy-dense foods with 7 gram of protein, 16 gram of fat with 260 kcal per 50
gram. These also contain micronutrients such as Vitamin A, calcium, iron, folic acid, zinc, selenium,
iodine etc. They are packed in 50 gram pouch with a shelf-life of one year.
Currently being indigenously produced by 2 industrial units
DBT would be able to provide the necessary technical know-how for setting up production facilities in
States(s); State Health Departments encouraged participating.
Double Fortified Salt (DSF) for Iron & Iodine deficiency
The National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Hyderabad developed iodine and iron double-fortified
salt (DFS) as One intervention controlling two problems, namely, iodine deficiency disorders
(IDDs) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA).
The stability of iodine and iron more than a year.
Human metabolic studies showed excellent bio-availability of iron and iodine ;
Bio-safety studies confirmed the safety of NIN-DFS.
Epidemiological studies showed significant reduction in the prevalence of total goiter and anemia.
The cost of 1 kg NIN DFS works out to be 1 rupee (0.025 US$) more than that of iodized salt.
A high powered committee, constituted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of
India, recommended the introduction of NIN-DFS in nutrition programs.
Recently a notification has been released by PFA regarding double fortified salt (GRE 608E, dated August
28, 2009).
An MoU signed between NIN, Hyderabad & Salt
manufacturers for supply of at least 20% of the produce to
the Government for distribution through the public
distribution system for BPL at the price fixed by the
Government.
Hospital-based interventions - Replication

Models
Homograft Heart & Heart Valves Bank
A project to set up a cryo-preservation facility for

preservation of homografts heart and heart valves
isolated from cadaver within 6-8 hours after death.at
Narayana Hrudayalaya Institute of Cardiac Sciences,
Bangalore was undertaken by the DBT
A technique standardized for storage of Homografts

heart & valves for longer duration.
A model cryo-preservation bank for replication in

other hospitals and cities.
40
The project has helped to serve the society and make

mission of providing health care to masses. The center
is now in the process of expanding the services by
procuring homograft valves from other postmortem
centers of India.
Fecal incontinence- a device developed for ICU patients
A tool to collect & contain fecal output in incontinent

patients efficiently
About 50 % of ICU patients have the problem
Easy and hygienic to use
Developed under Stanford India Biodesign ( SIB)

programme
About SIB
The product been developed by Stanford India
Biodesign, which is a DBT funded center at All India
Institute of Medical Sciences in collaboration with
the Stanford University, USA and India Institute of
Technology, Delhi .
Current status
Clinical and business validation complete
Product development complete
Technology secured by multiple patents globally
Successful first-in-man safety studies at AIIMS
Regulatory approval and product commercialisation

in process
Bioreactor for Prawn-seed Production in

Aquaculture Industry
Bioreactors for Nitrifying Water in Closed System
Hatcheries of Penaeids and Non-Penaeid Prawns has been
developed at the Cochin University of Science &
Technology, Kochi for aquaculture industry and transferred
to the Oriental Aquamarine Biotech India Pvt. Ltd,
Coimbatore.
It is based on Packed-bed nitrifying technology (PBBR) that
is useful for organic re-circulation of prawn-seed production
in small hatcheries with added advantage of water quality
management.
Packed bed bioreactor
41
The nitrifying bioreactor technology facilitates conversion of the conventional open systems to closed
ones with recirculation. Two categories of reactors have been developed such as In-Situ Stringed Bed
Suspended Bioreactors (SBSBRs) and Ex Situ Packed Bed Bioreactors (PBBRs). Principally the integration
of the reactors is at three locations in a larval production system such as:
1. PBBRs in the reservoir system
2. PBBRs at brood stock maturation system and
3. SBSBRs at the larval rearing.
The technology has been further supported under SBIRI scheme for large-scale validation and refinement
of bioreactors in aqua-farms.
High-yielding silkworm variety for adoption

in Seri-culture
Sericulture is an important cottage industry based on agroforestry practiced in more than 60,000 villages and
providing employment to 60 lakh people; mostly from
weaker section and rural areas
The high silk yielding Japanese silkworm strains are

highly susceptible to baculovirus infection
About sixty percent of the silkworm cocoon crop loss

in India is due to baculoviral infection at the larval stage
BmNPV infected silkworm larvae
42
Transgenic silkworm lines successfully developed against four essential baculoviral genes that
have tested for their baculoviral resistance for the last two years
Silkworm lines provide over 80% resistance against baculoviral infection
The laboratory trials are being conducted in Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka in collaboration with
sericulture centres. The transgenes have been found to be stable in the transgenic silkworm lines.
Early Maturing Quality Maize Hybrid- for Hilly Terrain

Maize one of the major sources of
calorie and protein is deficient in
essential amino acids viz., lysine and
tryptophan. Quality protein maize
(QPM) contains twice as much
essential amino acids than the
normal maize. In India, absence of
commercial QPM hybrids in the
market is singularly responsible for
the poor spread of nutritionally
balanced maize. Although, there are
few hybrids available but all of
them are late maturing; hence not
fitting into the cropping sequence of
the hills
DBT through Vivekanand Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan(VPKAS), Almora aimed to convert
the existing early maturing inbreds to QPM inbreds for developing early maturing QPM hybrids.
Under the project, the conversion was undertaken for the parents of Vivek Hybrid 9 viz., CM 212
and CM 145 into QPM versions using Molecular Marker Assisted Selection.
The QPM version showed 9-12% superiority in grain yield over the normal inbred versions.
The reconstituted QPM hybrid (Vivek QPM 9) yielded at par with Vivek Maize Hybrid 9 in the
Himalayan states (58 q/ha) as well as in peninsular India (54 q/ha) under the All India Coordinated
Maize Improvement Project during 2005 and 2007.
Based on its performance, the hybrid has recently been released for commercial cultivation in the
Himalayan states as well as peninsular India.
Better quality of protein in QPM is expected to help in reducing protein malnutrition among rural
masses. Now efforts are being made to increase further the lysine and tryptophan contents in it.
Tissue Culture Products- Mass Propagation Technologies

DBT has set-up a modern state-of-the-art Micro-propagation Technology Park (MTP) at Gual Pahari,
Gurgaon, on the Delhi-Haryana border through TERI. With an annual production capacity of 1.5 2.0
million tissue cultured plants, the facility is managed by a dedicated team of research scientists and
production staff. MTP is ISO 9001 certified and accredited under the National Certification System for
Tissue Culture Raised Plants (NCS-TCP). Over 18 million plants have been supplied to various state
forest departments, horticulture departments, private entrepreneurs, nurseries, agro-based companies,
and farmers
43
List of species for which micropropagation

protocol is available at MTP
Forestry species
Anogeissus spp.
Bambusa bambos
Bambusa balcooa
Bambusa nutans
Dendrocalamus asper
Eucalyptus spp.
Leucaena hybrids
Paulownia fortunei
Populus spp.
Fruit Species
Apple (Rootstock)
Banana
Citrus (Rootstock)
Strawberry
Pineapple
Cash Crops and Vegetable Crops
Asparagus
Black pepper
Ginger
Hops
Large cardamom
Leek
Potato
Sugarcane
Turmeric
Medicinal & Aromatic Plants
44
Aloe vera
Artemisia
Bacopa monnieri
Centella asiatica
Chlorophytum borivilianum
Patchouli
Rauwolfia serpentina
Stevia
Swertia chirata
Vanilla
Ornamentals (Foliage )
Aglaonema
Alpinia
Calathea spp.
Clerodendron inerme
Cordyline
Dieffenbachia
Dracaena
Drosera adelae
Duranta
Euonymus
Ficus spp.
Fittonia
Hosta
Hypoestes phyllostachya
Miscanthus sinensis
Nandina domestica
Peperomia
Philodendron scandens
Philodendron xanadu
Phormium
Pothos
Syngonium podophyllum
Yucca
Ornamentals (Flowering)
Amalanchier
Callistemon
Carnation
Chrysanthemum
Dahlia
Euphorbia
Geranium
Gerbera
Hibiscus
Hydrangea
Lilium
Liriope muscarii
Ophiopogon
Petunia
Pinguicula sp.
Plumbago
Rose
Thalictrum
Verbascum
Viburnum
Mycorrhiza- a new generation broad spectrum biofertilizer

Mycorrhiza is a broad-spectrum non-specific organism that colonizes 85% of land plants. The biofertilizer
has a broad ecological adaptability. It offers up to 50% of reduction in Phosphate fertilizer application by
better uptake of nutrients like phosphorus and many immobile trace elements like Zn, Co, Mn, Fe, Cu,
Mo etc. resulting into better nutrition to plants.
t offers tolerance to a range of soil stresses like heavy metal toxicity, salinity, drought and high soil
temperatures and also provides high resistance to various soil and root -borne pathogens. Its helps in
improving soil health productivity.
The DBT-TERI mass production technology for Mycorrhiza has been transferred to several industries.
The output is as follows:
Cadilla Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Majestic Agronomics (P) Ltd.
Neesa Agritech Pvt. Ltd. Ahmedabad
Cosme Pharma Lab. Ltd. Goa
KCP Sugar and Industries Corp. Ltd AP
500
1000
500
1000
1000
tones per year

tones
tones
tones
tones
4000
tones
Biopesticides- Suitable for Integrated Pest Management

Bollcure- A new botanical pesticide is a biopesticide extracted from Eucalyptus plant and the formulation
developed through financial support of DBT at TERI, New Delhi. It is a liquid emulsifiable concentrate
that has to be sprayed with a dose of 1 Lt over 1 acre. It is:
Effective against Helicoverpa armigera
Results in significant reduction in larval weight (88%)
Suitable for both organic and IPM crop practices and conventional as well as Bt cotton
Multi-locational trials conducted against cotton and chickpea have proved it to be an effective
biopesticide
Cost-benefit ratio for cotton is 1:4.15 & chickpea is 1:17.1

45
Environment friendly;
safe for mammals with
LD50 > 2000/5000 mg/kg
with a shelf- life of 1 Year
Technology transferred to
Sri Biotech Laboratories
India
Pvt.
Ltd.,
Hyderabad and Pasura
Biotech
Pvt.
Ltd.,
Hyderabad.
Bioprahar is a microbe-based
biopesticidal formulation
developed by ICGEB, New
Delhi. An effective formulation comprising the bacterium, surfactants and adjuvant with a shelf life over
a year has been prepared. The product has been commercialized in India.
Salient Features
Highly effective against diamond back moth, mealy bug and woolly aphids, red mites of brinjal &
okra
Ideally suited for integrated pest management programs on cotton, okra, tomato, tobacco, castor etc.
No chemical residues in fruits, vegetables, grains, feeds and fodder; it prevents soil, water and air
pollution & is eco friendly and safe to use.
Designers Crops (Genetically Modified) : Commercial & in pipeline

A number of candidate genes identified & tested for
In-built resistance against insect pests & diseases,
tolerance to drought/salinity stresses
Improving nutritional quality.
Facts on GM Crops
So far, India has adopted only Bt. Cotton for its commercial cultivation
Bt. Cotton has increased yield by 31% with reduced insecticide sprays by 39% with environmental
and health implications
Increased income by US$ 250 or more per hectare
Bt cotton Doubled Indias total cotton production
46
Currently over a dozen crops being field-tested including staples crops like rice; vegetables, legumes,
oilseeds namely - brinjal, potato, tomato, chickpea, pigeonpea, cauliflower, cabbage, groundnut
and rapeseed.
Crops & Traits

Rice
Biotic Stress Resistance: Bacterial blight, BPH

resistance, gall midge resistance, Blast
resistance.
Salinity Stress Tolerance
Introgression of sub1 locus conferring

tolerance to sub-mergence
Wheat
Mobilizing QTL/Genes for quality traits and

biotic stress resistance into high yielding
varieties
Maize
Conversion of inbreds maize to QPM
Enhancement of amino acids in elite varieties
Chick Pea
Cotton
Enhanced fungi resistance
Fibre strength and oil content, gene stacking

in Bt.Cotton
Brinjal
Resistance against Fruit & Shoot borer
Mustard
Seed yield and oil content, Low glucosinolate,

Aphid resistance
Soybean
Resistant to yellow mosaic virus
Sorghum
Shoot fly resistance
Groundnut
Resistance against TSV Virus
OilZapper- An Eco-friendly solution for Oil-spills & Oily sludge
A bacterial consortium combining the cultures of five bacterial strains that could degrade crude oil
and oily sludge
Named Oilzapper, it is appropriate for degrading crude oil and oily sludge ; degrade various
types of oily sludge ; end products of sludge degradation i.e.carbon dioxide, water and fatty acids
harmless
Tested under laboratory and field conditions
Already,more than 1.53 Lakh metric tons of oil soaked soil and oily sludge has already been
biodegraded and large area of land contaminated cleaned up using Oilzapper
Eco-friendly & more economical than

conventional technologies
Existing Beneficiaries
Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, India
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd, India
Oil India Ltd, India
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, India
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd, India
Reliance Petroleum Refinery, India
KOC, Kuwait (Demonstration)

47
Biotechnology Parks: Centre-state Venture

Established in several states through DBT
Aiming to strengthen/develop state biotech-industry capacity-building through public-private
partnership
State Govts. encouraged to take lead & proactive role
Funds available through SBIRI and BIPP grant schemes
Existing Biotech Parks and Incubators
Biotechnology Incubation Centre at Shapoorji Pallonji Park by Indian Institute of Chemical

Technology (IICT), Hyderabad The Park, with an investment of Rs 690 crores by the private
companies, has 33 companies and providing employment opportunity to 2400 members. DBT has
contributed Rs 17.29 crore to IICT, Hyderabad.
Biotechnology Park, Lucknow - The Biotechnology Park at Lucknow has been set up on 8 acres of
land. The contribution of the Department for the incubator facility is Rs 21.99 crores.
Golden Jubliee Biotechnology Park for Women, Chennai, Tamil Nadu -Registered as a Society
under Tamil Nadu Societys Registration Act 1975, it is a joint project of DBT and the Government
of Tamil Nadu. It is located in Siruseri, Chennai, and fully functional. DBT has contributed an
amount of Rs 400.00 lakhs for the park.
TIDCO Centre for Life Sciences (TICEL) Bio Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - The TICEL Bio Park,
Chennai has been established by the Government of Tamilnadu in technical collaboration with
Cornell University, USA.
Biotechnology Parks & Incubators in the Planning Stage
48
Food Biotechnology Park, Mohali, Punjab

Business Incubation Centre at University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
Biotechnology Park, Guwahati
Nano Biosym Technology Park, Himachal Pradesh
Marine Biotech Incubation at Ahmedabad
Biotechnology Park, Kerala
Biotechnology Park, Karnataka
Biotechnology Park, Orissa
Biotech Park, Lucknow
Biotechnology in North-East India

The North-East Region (NER) of India which is the worlds biodiversity hotspots has been identified by
the DBT for focused Research and Developmental activities. DBT has earmarked 10% of its total
budget amounting to Rs.100 crore for the year 2009-10 to promote R & D activities in NER and initiated
major programmes
Education
Support to promotion of Star Colleges of NE in Life Sciences and Biotechnology Education and
Training
Programme Support in the areas of Biotechnology to Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati
Programme Support to Clinical Research Network in NE Region
Network Programme on Developing Drugs from Medicinal Plants of NER
Network on Management of Classical Swine Fever in Piggeries in NER
Launching of Special Fellowship/Associateship
DNA Clubs (DBTs Natural Resources Awareness Clubs) for NER
Exclusive Biotechnology Overseas Associateship for NER Scientists
Bio-informatics
Establishment of North Eastern Bioinformatics Network (NEBINet)
On-line information access facility for Schools
Creation of e-Journal Access Facility
NER-DeLCON- E-Journals access to NER instituions
Infrastructure
A Biotechnology Incubator for entrepreneurship development in Assam.

Established Regional Research Centre of IBSD in Sikkim State
Women Biotechnology Park
Bioresources Centre at NEHU, Shillong
Modern Infectious Disease Detection laboratory/infrastructure in 11 Medical Schools
A Rural Bio-resource Complex targeting 1500 households from 15 villages spread over 5 clusters.
Establishment of Biotech Hubs and State Nodal Centres
49
Funding opportunities for Public - Private Partnership DBT

- support for Biotech Companies
Small Business Innovation Research Initiative-SBIRI
For early stage & late stage investments for biotech innovations
Middle-size, Start-ups & SMEs eligible
90 approved projects under way in medical, agriculture & industrial biotechnology sectors
Biotechnology Industry Partnership Programme-BIPP
BIPP is an Advanced Technology Scheme high risk, transformational technology/process

development
Open to all companies for Break through research which enables product and process
development; and are patentable, with IP ownership rights resting with industry.
Infrastructure support provided
Areas include: Medical, Agriculture, Bio-energy; Implants & Devices, Instrumentation, Green
Technologies & Other industrial products and processes
Novel products under development include
Products /Processes under development through BIPP Support
Health Care
IN-105 tablets - oral insulin
Drug for Diabetes associated Heart Failure)
Mucosal Vaccine For Hpv
Immunogens and monoclonal antibodies against pandemic H1N1
Recombinant Human Papillomavirus vaccine
H1N1 pandemic influenza vaccine
Rotavirus Vaccine Candidate 116E
II
Agriculture
Stress tolerant rice
Transgenic rice tolerant to rice yellow stem borer
Eco-safe multiple insect resistant transgenic cotton
Non-transgenic Papaya resistant varieties to pa[aya ringspot virus
Herbicide & Stress tolerant transgenic Onion
III
Energy
Self-glucogenic Pearl Millet for Bioethonal products
A process for Enhanced Ethanol Yield from Molasses Fermentation
ANTI-TNF-a ANTIBODY scFv
Biological Hydrogen Product
Butanol production from lignocellulosic biomass
Web Address: www.dbtindia.nic.in
50
Defence Research &

Development Organisation
Defence Research & Development Organisation

PROCESSED AND FRESH FOOD TECHNOLOGIES
S.
No.
Technology/Product
Brief Technical
Profile
Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Self Heating System for

Ready to Eat Foods
Self heating system (Therm-O-Pack) is a

chemical based heater useful for heating
Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Retort processed food
in flexible pouches at consumption
temperatures without the use of any
conventional heating source such as fire,
electricity, hexamine tablet etc. Heat
generated during the exothermic reaction
of certain chemicals, after activation of
the process, is capable of heating the RTE
food from room temperature to
consumption temperature depending on
the nature of the product and external
temperature conditions.
Useful in field
areas to relish
warm food where
heating is time
consuming
process
Available and
tested
2.
Emergency Survival Ration
Survival ration consists of Chikki (Type-I)

made of sugar, liquid glucose and
groundnut seeds and Chikki (Type-II)
made up of liquid glucose, jaggery,
sesame seeds and groundnuts. The
Ration weighs about 500 g, provides 2,200
Kcal, is lightweight, easy to carry and has
a shelf life of one year. When the soldiers
are away from the units for more than 24
hours, consumption of one ration is
sufficient for one-day survival and meets
basic energy requirements
Survival ration
for security
forces being
used during CI
Operations
(CI Ops)
Commercialized and
by Security
Forces
3.
Multivitamin Herbal
Beverage from Seabuckthorn
A multi-vitamin herbal beverage has

been developed from the fruits of
Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) plant
that grows wild in the high altitude
terrains. Processing technology of
Seabuckthorn fruits has also been
developed with high retention of bioactive
compounds of fruits. This drink does not
freeze even at subzero temperature.
Can be used as
multi-vitamin
herbal beverage
Commercialized and
being used
53
4.
Fresh Food Technologies for

High Altitudes
To augment availability of fresh food in

high altitude inaccessible areas in
Himalayan region, a number of vegetable
varieties and hybrids (Tomato Var-DARL
62, Tomato Hybrid DARL-304, Capsicum
Hybrid 202, Garlic Var DARL-52,
Cucumber Hybrids-DARL101, 102,
Cabbage Hybrid DARL-801, 802 ) suitable
for Himalayan region have been
developed for protected and open
cultivation. Green House Technology
including Trench Cultivation has been
standardized for specific crops. Similarly,
packages of practices for boosting animal
productivity dairy cattle, poultry and
sheep have also been developed
The developed
technologies and
agri material/
germplasm can
be used to boost
agriculture
production in
hilly regions
Readily
Available and
being used by
farmers
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTH AND HYGIENE

S.
No.
Technology/Product
Brief Technical
Profile
Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Plague Detection Kit
An Elisa kit for Yersinia pestis organism

identification required for early detection
of plague so that necessary measures
are taken immediately to prevent the
epidemic. In the kit, rabbit antibodies are
coated to the nitrocellulose membrane
and the organism, Y pestis binds to this
antibody. The resulting substrate is
detected using enzyme substrate
reaction. Appearance of brown dots
indicates positive results.
Useful for quick

detection of
Plague in field
conditions
Readily
Available and
tested in real
life
2.
Dengue Detection Kit
Diagnostic kit for field detection of IgM

antibodies of Dengue has been developed
for proper control and effective
management of affected persons. All the
four serotypes of dengue viruses are
circulating in India, leading to fatal
dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and
Dengue shock syndrome (DSS). There is
no effective prophylaxis available
against this disease, therefore an early
diagnosis plays important role .
Useful for quick

detection of
Dengue in field
conditions
Readily
Available and
tested in real
life
3.
Chikungunya Sandwich ELISA
An antigen detection ELISA kit for early

diagnosis of Chikungunya has been
developed using purified rabbit antiChikungunya virus polyclonal antibody
coated on the ELISA wells to capture
CHIKV antigen in patient sera.
Useful for
quick detection
of Chikungunya
in field
conditions
Readily
Available and
tested in real
life
54
A rapid and low cost indigenous Swine flu

virus H1 specific isothermal gene
amplification assay has been developed
using LAMP technology for reliable and
early clinical diagnosis of H1N1 human
patients . This is an alternate real-time
test system for rapid detection as well as
identification of novel H1N1 Swine Flu
virus. The assay is based on a simple
isothermal gene amplification principle
using a specially designed primer set
that specifically amplify the H1 gene of
novel H1N1 Swine Flu virus only.
Useful for cost

effective and
quick detection
of Swine Flu in
field
conditions
Tested in real
life
To control
Dengue and
Chikungunya
mosquitoes
Available
and tested in
real life
Frostbite is a severe form of cold injury

which can lead to loss of extremities like
toes and fingers and is a serious medical
problem for those operating in the snow
bound cold areas at high altitude. This
can lead to loss of affected limbs in
untreated cases. Alocal, a herbal Aloe
vera-based cream for the management
of cold injuries. In addition, this cream
can also be used in burns, wounds, and
ulcers, cracking and chapping of skin,
cuts and as antiseptic dressing.
Prevention and
control of
frostbite
Commercialized and
being used
by Security
Forces
Biodigester is a cylindrical structure of

mild steel or fiber reinforced plastic with
provision of inlet for human waste and
outlets for effluent and biogas. Night soil
degradation occurs through microbial
reaction which converts it into biogas.
This is an eco-friendly technology for
disposal of human waste at glacier, other
low temperature areas and soil bound
cold regions. The process culminates into
treated effluent which is free from
pathogens and is also environmentally
acceptable. During waste treatment,
inflammable biogas is generated as a by
product which can be used for various
energy intensive activities like cooking,
water and room heating.
Can be used for

eco-friendly
bio-degradation
of human waste
Commercialized and
being used
4.
Swine Flu Detection Kit
5.
Attracticide for Control of

Dengue & Chikungunya
Mosquitoes
The attracticide is a combination of

oviposition attractant pheromone and
insect growth regulator having lure and
kill property. After isolation and
identification of this pheromone from
water containing larvae of Aedes aegypti,
technology has been developed for
synthesis of the pheromone
indigenously. The attracticide is sprayed
on water bodies to which Aedes aegypti
mosquitoes are attracted to lay the eggs.
The growth of larvae from the eggs is
arrested by insect growth regulator
resulting in their death.
6.
Aloe Vera Cream (Alocal)
7.
Bio-digester
55
LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS

S.
No.
Technology/Product
Brief Technical
Profile
Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Portable HAPO Chamber
Rapid ascent of soldiers to an altitude of

more than 2700 m is associated with a
variety of problems like acute mountain
sickness (AMS) & High Altitude
Pulmonary Oedema (HAPO). Although
AMS is self limiting HAPO is quite lethal
and requires immediate evacuation of
patients to lower heights. One man HAPO
chamber is a portable first aid device that
provides emergency treatment for
varying degrees of Acute Mountain
Sickness including HAPO. It works on the
principle of increasing the atmospheric
pressure around the patient thereby
simulating descent from high altitude.
Can be used as
first aid device
for treatment of
Acute Mountain
Forces
Sickness and
High Altitude
Pulmonary
Oedema.
Commercialized and
tested in
real life by
Security
2.
Tele Medicine System
The system consists of a portable,

biomedical data acquisition hardware to
acquire and process the physiological
parameters (BIODAS) such as ECG, BP,
Saturation of Oxygen, Temperature,
Heart rate and transmit data to remote
location through any communication
means like V SAT, ISDN, C Band,
INMARSAT , PSTN terminals. The
software has two modules one each at
the consultation centre and at the
specialists centre
Transfer of data
(Physiological
Parameters)
from remote
areas to
specialist centre
for confirmatory
diagnosis.
Tested in real
life
3.
NBC Respiratory Mask
The NBC respiratory mask provides

protection to the respiratory tract and
face against chemical and biological
warfare agents. It provides wide field of
vision and has swivel drinking water
facility that provides the means for taking
liquid refreshments while wearing the
respirator. The respirator is available in
small, medium and large size and is
compatible with other NBC protection
equipment used in field operations.
Protection of
respiratory
system against
NBC agents
during any
eventuality.
Commercializedand
tested at lab
level
4.
Integrated Hood Mask for

NBC Protection
Integrated Hood Mask provides

protection against chemical and
biological warfare agents, and is
specifically intended for soldiers with
facial injuries, cuts, bruises, etc and
soldiers with parka on their head. It
consists of Respiratory Mask, Canister
and the Hood. It provides protection
against chemical warfare agents for six
hours.
Protection of
respiratory
system and
face against
NBC agents
during any
eventuality
Commercialized and
tested at
lab level
56
5.
The resuscitator is an important medical

device used as first aid treatment of
respiratory failure in case of chemical
warfare agents attack. It is specially
designed for emergency ventilation and
resuscitation. The standard set
comprises of rubber bladder of 1.6 L
volume, non- rebreathing valve system,
face mask having transparent face piece
and inflatable rubber lining and canister
which purifies the air and allows pure air
into the bladder. The canister contains
activated carbon which absorbs toxic
gases. The canister can be used for two
hours continuously in a contaminated
environment.
Resuscitator
Can be used as
first aid
treatment of
person with
respiratory
failure due to
chemical
warfare agent
Commercialized
and tested at
lab level
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY

A
S.
No.
SENSORS FOR SURVEILLANCE
Technology/Product
Brief Technical
Profile
Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Battle Field Surveillance Radar
Battle Field Surveillance Radar is a man

portable, battery operated, easy to use
and user-friendly surveillance e-sensor
radar. The system operates in J Band
and has capability to detect, track and
classify variety of moving ground surface
targets like crawling man, single/group of
walking men, light/heavy vehicle and low
flying helicopter. Its audio and visual aids
help to identify and classify the target
decisively.
Perimeter
Commerciasurveillance of
lized and being
vital installations used by
Security
Forces
2.
Remotely Operated Vehicle DAKSH
DAKSH is state-of-the-art counterterrorist remotely operated vehicle

specifically designed to handle
hazardous material and suspected
objects in public places and installations.
This versatile robot is capable of climbing
stairs and turn in restricted spaces within
buildings and can reach different floors
for its mission. It has multiple cameras
on-board for aiding the operator to drive
as well as pick up and handle sensitive
objects.
Surveillance,
Inspection,
removal and
safe handling
of explosive
materials/ IED
Available and
tested at lab
level
57
3.
Robot Sentry
Robot Sentry is an autonomous

navigation technology and can be
instructed to go to specified locations
inside any campus autonomously, while
continuously providing a video feedback
of its surroundings. The robot utilizes GPS
and a digital compass for determining its
location and orientation, and a laser
scanner for obstacle avoidance during
navigation. The map of the site in GPS
coordinates the robot, and is
subsequently used for navigation.
Useful for
Available and
patrolling in
tested at lab
defence/ security level
areas
ENHANCING DAY AND NIGHT VISION
1.
Day Vision System
Day Vision System is a standalone

optical telescope with visible spectral
range for day time surveillance. This
system enables security forces to see
the target up to 6-7 km in day time in
line of sight.
Useful for day

Commercialized
time surveillance and being used
by Security
Forces
2.
Panoramic Surveillance Sight
Panoramic surveillance sight is a rotating

optics device which views the optical
images from 360 angles and facilitates
the operator to get panoramic vision
without rotating his head. Commander
can perform multi-directional surveillance
and instruct his team to counteract
accordingly
Useful in day
time surveillance
in multidirectional
attack scenario by
having all round
surveillance
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
3.
Holographic Sight
The Holographic Sight has been

developed for small weapons like rifles
and carbines to enhance the accuracy of
hitting the targets. It is an electro-optic
sighting system to apply holographic
technology for small arms with unit
magnification sight having an embedded
reticle in a see-through window. A laser
diode inside the sight illuminates the
hologram to form the reticle. The shooter
looks through this transparent window in
which the projected reticle acts as an aim
point superimposed on the target scene.
This sight is very

useful in closequarter battle,
especially in
counterinsurgency
operations
where speed is
very critical.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
4.
Commando Light
The Commando Light has been designed

to meet operational requirements of the
field-forces. Several user-friendly
features have been incorporated in the
basic unit. Control inputs are given
through membrane touch switches on top
of the carrying handle and control
functions by using micro processor based
circuitry. Modes of operations are like
flasher mode, time mode, continuous
mode and dimmer mode
Useful for viewing

the target
Commercialized
and being used
58
5.
Goggle Night Vision
The Goggles Night Vision Passive 102 A is

a light weight binocular system which can
be used for surveillance, driving and map
reading during night illumination
conditions, The goggles can be mounted
on a face mask with the help of a sliding
assembly. A small IR emitter for short
distance viewing/map reading is also
provided. The equipment also has
provision for dioptric adjustment. To
protect the goggle and its accessories
during transit a FRP case transit and a
case canvas are also provided
The Passive
Night Vision
Goggles can be
used for
surveillance,
driving and
map reading
during night by
military and
paramilitary
forces
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
6.
Night Sight for Modern

Sub-Machine Carbine
(MSMC)
To enhance firing capability of the

Modern Sub Machine Carbine during
night, a Passive Night Sight (PNS) has
been designed and developed. It is a
compact, lightweight electro-optical
device based on 18mm double proximity
focused super gen image intensifier tube.
. Infantry personnel can use it for
accurate aiming of weapons at night. The
sight has been developed for quick
engagement of the man size target
during night and can be fitted on MSMC
weapon with specially designed
mounting bracket.
To enhance firing
capability of the
Modern Sub
Machine Carbine
during night
Commercialized
and by
Security Forces
being used
7.
Binocular Night Vision
The Binocular Night Vision Passive 101A

is used for surveillance at company and
platoon level. This binocular can provide
vision at night using the night ambient
low levels of illuminations of stars /
moon.Range of recognition for human
subjects - 300 m ,vehicles / tanks 500 m Under clear starlit night medium
contrast
Can be used for

observation and
surveillance
during night by
security forces.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
8.
Light Weight Passive Night

Vision Binocular
The Light Weight Passive Night Vision

Binocular is used for surveillance at
company and platoon level. This
binocular can provide vision at night
using the night ambient low levels of
illuminations due to stars / moon.Range
of recognition for human subjects - 300
m (detection), 200 m( recognition) for
vehicles 500 m (detection), 350 m
(recognition.)
Can be used for

observation and
surveillance
during night by
military and
paramilitary
forces.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
59
9.
Passive Night Sight for INSAS/

LMG Rifles
Passive Night Sight (PNS) for 5.56 mm Rifle

(INSAS) is a compact and lightweight sight
using micro channel image intensifier tube
for accurate weapon aiming and
surveillance at night by the infantry
personnel. This sight provides vision at
night using the night contrast low level of
illumination due to star/ moon. The PNS is
suitable for fitment on the 5.56 mm Rifle/
LMG (INSAS) by the special mounting
bracket designed and developed for this
purpose.
Can be used for

observation,
surveillance and
accurate weapon
firing during
night by
military and
paramilitary
forces.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
10.
Hand Held Thermal Imagers
Hand Held Thermal Imager (HHTI) is a

cooled MWIR detector, which can enable
the security forces to see the terrorists or
any moving object in complete darkness.
These are portable sights for surveillance
& reconnaissance. Range of detection - 6
km for vehicle, 2 km for human and
recognition - 2 km for vehicle, 1.5 km for
human
Useful in
conducting
counter
terrorism
operations in
night for
surveillance &
reconnaissance
purposes
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
11.
Helmet Mounted Thermal

Imager
Helmet mounted thermal imager (HMTI)

with un-cooled MWIR detector is based on
320 x240 micro-bolometer FPA (8-12m). It is
light weight, compact and modular in
design and enables security forces to see
the target in complete darkness with both
hands free. It can also be useful in fire
fighting and rescue operations. HMTI
enhances vision of a driver for night driving
and can operate on the vehicles battery
Useful for viewing

the target and
victims under
complete
darkness, foggy
and smoky
conditions
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
12.
Weapon Mounted Thermal

Sight
Weapon Mounted Thermal Sight (WMTS)

is a thermal imaging camera based on
advanced 3rd generation 320x256 InSb FPA
cooled detector (3-5 ) developed specially
for hand held weapons and can be
mounted on guns, light machine guns etc
for aiming in complete darkness. This can
also be used as a corner shot weapon
system during night operations
Useful in
counterterrorism
operations
during
night for viewing
and aiming
the target
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
60
DETECTION SYSTEMS
1.
SAW Sensor for Detection of

Explosive and Sarin
SAW sensor has been developed for

vapour phase detection of chemical
warfare agents such as sarin and its
stimulant DMMP and explosives such as
DNT and TNT. The technology used will
also help in development of sensor array
and pattern recognition methodology for
detection and identification of chemical
warfare agents and explosives
Can be used to
Available and
detect the
tested at lab
presence of
level
explosives (DNT
and TNT) and
sarin in laboratory
conditions.
2.
Explosive Detection Kit
The Explosive Detection Kit based on spot

test colour reactions is capable of
detecting and identifying explosive
ingredients used in the bomb blasts based
on trace explosive ingredients of the order
of
10-4 g. It is very useful for pre and
post explosion analysis. The operator can
specifically identify the explosive
ingredients such as TNT, RDX, PETN, Black
Powder, Dynamite, NC, NG, CE, inorganic
nitrates, RDX based plastic explosives etc.
used in the blasts by comparing the
standard colour chart provided with the Kit.
Detection and
identification
of explosive
ingredients used
in the bomb
blasts
Commercialized
and being used
D. INCAPACITATION OF EXTREMISTS
1.
Oleo-resin (Chilli) Based

Hand
Grenade
Oleoresin (OR, a Chili extract) based

grenades are totally safe, simple to
operate, user- friendly and extremely
useful for flushing out terrorists from their
hideout. These grenades can be thrown by
hand up to 40 meters into the hideouts /
agitated mob and are easily dispersed as
smoke (aerosol) from pyrotechnic
mixture. The grenades when used emit
tear gas for more than 30 seconds after a
delay of 2.5 0.5 seconds, making the
person to come out due to lacrymation,
irritation and suffocation. The body of the
grenades is made of plastic, which melts
when the grenade bursts thus making it
difficult to throw back
To incapacitate
terrorists and
flushing them
out from their
hideouts
(tunnels, fields,
dense jungles,
broken grounds
etc.) without
casualties,
and for
mob dispersal/
riot control
operations
Commercialized
and tested
2.
CR Based Shells
A non-lethal munition CR (Dibenz-[b,f]-1,4oxazepine) based shell is peripheral

sensory irritants and can be used as a riot
control agent. The shell is safe and simple
to operate for flushing out terrorist from
their hideout. It can be fired from a
conventional gas gun up to 150 meters to
the hideouts / agitated mob and is easily
dispersed as smoke (aerosol) from
pyrotechnic mixture. The grenades when
applied emit smoke / gas for more than 30
seconds after a delay of 2.5 0.5 seconds,
making the person to come out
To incapacitate
terrorists and
flushing them
out from their
hideouts and for
mob dispersal/
riot control
operations
Commercialized
and tested
61
3.
Short Range Laser Dazzler
Hand held short range laser dazzler is a

non lethal crowd control and tactical area
denial laser device having an operational
range of 50 meters. The device has been
tested under simulated conditions and is
particularly suited for counterinsurgency operations. With its higher
power, the dazzler creates a credible
glare effect in a larger spot size for use
on moving vehicles or individuals. This
feature is critical for the protection of
entry control points and convoys, at
distance, in day and night ambient
conditions. It is the most compact laser
device available that is suitable for antipersonnel operations.
To dazzle the
human eyes
Commercialized
and tested at
lab level
E COMMUNICATION AND JAMMING

4.
Combat Net Radio Interface

(CNRI)
CNRI consists of master and slave units

for combat operations. It facilitates voice
and data transfer over low bandwidth
half duplex, error prone Combat Net
Radio Network and enables a mobile
commander to access networks
resources from a remote location. The
hardware used is a advanced RISC
microcontroller based system and
constructed as two subsystems master at
exchange side and slave unit at mobile user side.
Voice and
data transfer
over low
bandwidth half
duplex and to
access networks
resource from a
remote location
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
5.
Wireless Message Transfer

Unit(WMTU )
WMTU facilitates data transfer over low

bandwidth half duplex, error prone
Combat Net Radio (CNR) Networks. It
enables a mobile commander to access
network resources from a remote
location. The hardware is a Pentium
based single board computer (SBC) with
media interface hardware on its PC104
bus. The software incorporates
compression fragmentation, forward
error correction interleaving and ARQ
techniques for robust and reliable data
transfer over radio media.
Facilitates
mobile
commander
access
to network
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
6.
STRIDE Radiofrequency
Jammer
The convoy jammer mounted on TATA

SAFARI vehicle offers protection to
VVIPs and military convoys from the
threat of radio controlled improvised
explosive devices (RCIED). The system
is modular in design and employs
efficient RCIED muting techniques which
facilitate system operation in selected
threat bands. The system is designed to
counter the prevailing RCIED threats
and is upgradable.
Can be
deployed
for protection
of military
convoys from
the threat of
radio controlled
improvised
explosive
devices.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
62
7.
Mobile Phone Jammer
The mobile phone jammer mutes the

cellular phones operating in CDMA, GSM
and EGSM bands. The system packaged
in a suitcase effectively prevents the cell
phones operating within a region of 25-30
m from both receiving and making the
calls. It operates on built in battery pack
or external 24V DC supply and can mute
mobile phone triggered radio controlled
improvised explosive devices.
Useful in muting
the cellular
phones
operating in
CDMA, GSM
and EGSM
bands in
conference halls,
prayer halls,
auditoriums etc.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
8.
Portable Jammer
The suitcase mounted hardware is

designed and developed to mute expand
radio-controlled improvised explosive
devices (RCIED) working in 20-500MHz
range. The hardware is packaged in two
suitcases to effectively counter the
threats in 20-500MHz range. The two
units can work independently. System
operates on external 24V DC supply.
Jamming of
RCIED
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
9.
Citizen Band -Suitcase Jammer
Exclusively developed to mute RCIEDs

operating in citizen band of 136-174MHz.
Employs smart muting technique and
offers higher jamming ranges than
conventional jammers as the total power
is concentrated on the detected threat
frequency. System developed as
technology demonstrator.
Jjamming RCIED Commercialized

in 136-174 MHz
and being used
band
by Security
Forces
F. MOBILITY AND OPERATIONAL AIDS

1.
Bullet Proof Gypsy &

TATA 713
Various types of bulletproof vehicles

based on light commercial vehicles
suitable for deployment in counter
terrorist operations and for VIP security
have been developed. A prototype of
Bullet Proof TATA 713 4x4 version with
better cross-country mobility has been
also fabricated. Jackal armour plates
have been used to provides protection
against National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
level III protection. These vehicles are
fitted with firing ports for offensive
retaliation
Provides
protection
against enemy
bullets. Under
use by Police,
Paramilitary and
Special forces
for counter
insurgency
operations
(CI Ops)
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
2.
Riot Control Vehicles
Riot control vehicles VAJRA and MINI

VAJRA have been designed using
available commercial vehicles and are
suitable for law enforcement duties and
transportation of security forces along
with their riot control gears to the
affected areas. The vehicles are fitted
with multi-tube tear gas launchers on
roof and are fitted with firing ports for
retaliation from inside the vehicle. The
Riot control by
Special forces
for law
enforcement
duties and
transportation of
security forces.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
63
vehicles are also equipped with

accessories such as fire extinguishers,
foldable stretchers and wind direction
indicator
G.
PERSONNEL PROTECTION
Useful for ballistic Available and
protection of
tested
head and for
hands free
communication
during CI Ops/
LIC operations.
1.
Ground Troop Communication

Helmet - Bullet Proof
This personnel armor systems for

ground troops (PASGT) helmet provides
ballistic, fragmentation, aural and impact
protection. The helmet conforms to
National Institute of Justice (NIJ) level II
standards for ballistic protection. For
hands free communication, the helmet is
integrated with a boom microphone and
a earpiece which is connected to a radio
set to transmit/receive voice. RT set
allows the soldier to monitor single or
multiple radios/intercoms and transmit
on the selected frequency. The
information passed through this radio set
is secured to avoid any unauthorized
interception.
2.
Light Weight Body Armour
Consists of soft armour panels (SAP) and

hard armour panels (HAPs).The SAP is
flexible and covers about 5000 cm2 area
of important body parts whereas HAP (25
cm x 30 cm each) is placed in front and
back of body armour and provides
protection to critical organs of the body
as per specifications of National Institute
of Justice (NIJ)
Can be used for

protection of
the body
against enemy
bullets during
CI Ops/ LIC
operations.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
3.
Synthetic Life Jacket
The synthetic Life Jacket-Mk1 has been

developed to protect the Army
personnel from drowning in water while
crossing any water bodies or river. It is
Oil repellant, Water retardant, Flame
retardant, Light weight i.e. 1.0 Kg,
Buoyancy - 18.5 Kg
Life jacket can be

used for crossing
water obstacles
and bridging
operations.
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
4.
Emergency Escape Chute
The emergency escape chute is a tubular

fishnet made of strong fire resistance
Kevlar fiber which is kept extended by
incorporation of aluminum alloy rings in
the net at an interval of one meter for
evacuation of persons, who get trapped
in high rise building due to fire accident.
Modifications as per requirement are
possible and the same can also be used
for rescue operations and can also be
attached to helicopter or aircraft. It can
also be used for climbing from ground to
the helicopter or vice versa.
Provides a
safe & effective
method
of evacuation
from high-rise
buildings and oil
rig platforms
Available and
tested at lab
level by
Security Forces
64
TECHNOLOGIES & PRODUCTS FOR MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL DISASTER

S.
No.
Technology/Product
Brief Technical
Profile
Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Portable Satellite
Communication Terminal
It is a compact, light weight satellite

communication terminal that provides
secure voice/data channel through
Indigenous GSAT 2 satellite. Entire
equipment including antenna and power
supply is housed in a brief case for easy
portability.
Ideal for use in

remote areas
for establishing
emergency
communication
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
2.
Integrated Field Shelter
Integrated field shelter , modular in

nature with size of 2.4 m dia x 35 m length
is man portable and can be erected within
short time in natural calamity inflicted
areas to provide shelter to affected
families and to carry out rescue
operations. One shelter is adequate for
housing 30 persons. It has provision for
storing drinking water, fitted with micro
processor based communication system
and alarm for Gama rays Shelter is blast
proof (23 psi)
To provide shelter Commercialized

to natural
and being
calamity
used by
affected
Security
persons
Forces
3.
De-Salination of Water
Electro dialysis De-salination plant

converts Brackish water up to 5000 ppm
TDS into potable water. It has Pressure
Filter, Pump and Heterogeneous ion
Exchange Membrane, and has 4 stages
per module and 19 cell pairs per stage.
The energy consumption is about 5-6 kwh
per 1000 litres per kg of salt to be
removed
Very useful in
brackish water
treatment,
specially after
floods.
Commercialized
and being
used
4.
Water Testing Field Kit
Ascertain water potability for drinking

purposes. The kit is provided with testing
facilities for both physico-chemical and
bacteriological parameters. The tests are
semi-quantitative and on accept/reject
basis. The kit can test the parameters like
pH, turbidity, total hardness, iron,
chloride, fluoride, nitrate, residual
chlorine and coliform bacteria.
Can be used for

on the spot
assessment of
physico-chemical
quality and
bacteriological
contamination of
drinking water
Commercialized
and being used
5.
Water Poison Detection Kit
Water poison detection kit helps detection

of deliberate or accidental contamination
of water with various poisons such as
mercury, arsenic, cyanide, chemical
warfare agents and bacterial
contaminants. The kit employs simple
tests, which are based on color reactions
and can be performed by unskilled
persons in the field.
Can be used to
Commercialized
detect poisonous and being used
agents in
drinking water
under field areas
65
6.
7.
8.
9.
66
Iron Removal Unit
Meals-Ready-to-Eat (MRE)
Life Detector-SANJEEVANI
Light Weight Foldable

Stretcher
Water in Eastern region of our Country is

highly contaminated with iron causing
discoloration, turbidity and deposition in
distribution system apart from astringent
taste. A simple and cost effective, water
deferrisation unit can be used for removal
of excess iron from ferruginous water
which is able to bring down the iron
content from 40 mg/l to 0.3 mg/l
(permissible limit). The output capacity of
the system is 300 l/h and can cater to the
need of Army barracks
Provide hygienic, nutritious and tasty
food to the persons deployed in the
forward areas where fresh produce may
not be available and cooking is
cumbersome and time consuming.Food
items have been specially developed for
use in such areas. They are convenient,
light weight, pre-cooked and hygienically
packed. A wide variety of preparations
have been carefully chosen to meet
diverse taste. They are ready to eat or
can be easily prepared within a very
short time . They are shelf stable for a
period of one year under ambient
conditions
Sanjeevani acoustic life detector is
designed to detect live human beings
trapped under debris of collapsed
buildings, landslides or endangered
mines. It can be used in all emergency
rescue operations. The low level acoustic
or sound signals generated by hitting,
tapping, scratching or moaning which are
indicative of life are detected by the
device. It is very effective in detecting
sounds through air or through the brick
walls even when the source of sound is a
few meters away. The special feature of
this equipment is that the sound signals
can be detected even through water. The
design of the device permits operation by
one person
A Light Weight Foldable Stretcher made
of high strength lightweight materials
comprising of aluminum and nylon etc
has been developed for Armed Forces. It
folds into four segments and can be
brought into operation within one minute.
The stretcher is user-friendly and is
around 6.6 kg in weight.
Removal of
Commercialized
excess iron from and being used
drinking water
by Security
Forces
Can be used to
meet nutritional
requirements
during natural
calamity
situations and
special missions
Commercialized
and being used
by Security
Forces
Detection of live Commercialized

human being
and being used
trapped inside
soil/ debris
during disaster
Management,
Building
collapses etc.
Can be used for

evacuation of
casualties
during Natural
disasters
Commercialized
and tested
10.
Typhoid Detection Kit

(Typhigen)
Detection of Salmonella. typhi antigen for

diagnosis of Typhoid fever, which is an
important water borne disease and
major health problem in the aftermath of
floods, earthquake and other natural
calamities. Antibody measurement of
single serum sample by conventional
Widal test is not helpful in endemic areas
and the detection of rising antibody titres
is too slow to allow quick decision by the
clinician. Therefore, a latex agglutination
based test has been developed using
recombinant DNA technology.
Leptospirosis Antigen
Detection Kit (Leptodec)
An antigen detection kit for diagnosis of

Leptospirosis which is an important
water borne disease and major health
problem in the aftermath of floods,
earthquake and other natural calamities.
The disease is caused by the bacterium
Leptospira and is prevalent in tropical
countries.
12.
Malaria detection kit

(Falcipin)
Falcipin kit is based on agglutination of

Histidine Rich Protein (HRP-II) secreted
by malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum
during asexual stages and rapture of
parasite. HRP-II protein has been
purified and recombinant protein made
available by DNA technology. The
polyclonal antibodies are coated on latex
particles and used as detection system
for malarial antigen from suspected
blood samples. The positive sample
shows a clear agglutination reaction
within two minutes.
Useful in early
Available and
detection of
tested in real
life
Malaria in natural
calamity
situation
13.
Light Weight Fire

Protective Suit
Light weight fire approach and fire

proximity suit are available weighing 6.4
and 7.2 kg having three & four fabric
layers respectively. Approach suits
protect body from radiant heat for 10
minutes and the proximity suit for about
4 minutes against conductive, convective
and radiant heat. The components of suit
include- coat, trouser, overall, hood,
gloves & boots
Protection
against fire
during any
natural or man
made calamity
11.
Useful in early
Available and
diagnosis of
tested
Typhoid fever to
adopt effective
control measures
in natural calamity
situation
Useful in early
diagnosis of
Leptospirosis in
natural calamity
situation
Available and
tested
Available and
tested at lab
level
67
14.
15.
68
Multi Insect Repellent

(DEPA)
A broad spectrum insect repellent

manufactured using the base drug
diethylphenylacetamide developed
indigenously to protect human beings
from the painful bites of blood sucking
organisms such as mosquito, flies, ratflea
and land leeches. The spray, cream and
lotion formulations have been developed.
Extensive studies have been carried out
for its bio-efficacy and toxicity including
inhalation toxicity. No untoward effect on
mammalian systems has been found.
Mitigation of Post Traumatic

Stress Disorder (PTSD)
It is a clinical syndrome which occurs

generally after a latent period of some
days or even months after exposure to
various kind of stress. The symptoms
include recurrent intrusive recollections
of the stressful event, autonomic over
activity (rapid pulse, tremors, wide pupils,
startle reactions), emotional detachment,
avoidance of stimuli that might arouse
and recollections of trauma. DRDO has
done lot of work on mitigation of PTSD in
low intensity conflict infested areas of
J&K and North East and has come out
with various modules to overcome it
Can be used for

protection
against mosquito
bites and
as insect
repellent
Commercialized
and being
usedby
Security
Forces
To overcome
Available and
PTSD in natural being used in
calamity
real life
affected persons
Ministry of
Earth Sciences
Ministry of Earth Sciences

MoES area of competence cover a gamut of policies and programmes that contribute to societal benefits
in the areas of Weather (General), Weather advisories specific to agriculture, aviation, shipping,
sports, etc, Monsoon, Disasters (cyclone, earthquake, tsunami, sea level rise), Living and non-living
resources (fishery advisory, poly-metallic nodules, gas hydrates, etc), Coastal and Marine Ecosystems
and Climate Change.
The programmes of the ministry have been cast broadly into the following categories viz.,
(i) Atmospheric science and related services, (ii) Ocean science and related services (iii) Disaster Support
(iv) Polar science and cryosphere (v) Ocean technology(vi) Coastal and marine Ecology (vii) Climate
Change Studies (viii) Ocean Resources (ix) Extramural Research (x) Infrastructure Development/Outreach.
MoES aims to create a framework for understanding the complex interactions among
key elements of the Earth System, namely ocean, atmosphere and solid earth, by encompassing
national programmes in Ocean science, meteorology, climate, environment and seismology.
Some of the technology of core competence to ministry which could be of interest to State governments
is as follows:
Atmospheric Science and Services

District-level agro-meteorological advisory services: Quantitative District-level agro-meteorological
advisory service along with 5 days advance, covering all 450 met districts, has been made operational
for farmers from December 2009 in partnership with a number of Central Government Ministries and
organizations, state level institutions, private agencies, NGOs, progressive farmers and media. Through
this service, farmers receive farm based advisories during sowing season, regarding weather-sensitive
high yield variety of seeds, need-based application of fertiliser, pesticides, insecticides, efficient irrigation
and harvest.
Monsoon Prediction: The Ministry, as a major path breaking step has taken up the modernization of
India Meteorology Department (IMD), envisaging up-gradation of observing and forecasting systems,
communication facility and services rendered. The Government has approved Rs 920 Crore for the first
phase of IMD modernization. The main objective of the modernization programme is to enhance India
Metrological Departments capability to provide accurate observations and advance warnings against
natural hazards and develop appropriate dissemination systems to inform the public and disaster
managers for initiating necessary actions so that lives and properties are saved. It is envisaged that
within this decade IMD will emerge as a transformed and globally competitive organization, fully
equipped with modern observational systems and network capable of providing to the Nation knowledge
based services hitherto unavailable. Strengthened Atmospheric Observing Systems by completing
installation of over 200 systems, including AWS, ARG, DWR, GPS sonde, wind profiles, etc. Data
Processing System for INSAT 3D has been set up for immediate operational use as soon as it is launched.
Out of 4 high performance computing systems planned as a part of modernization, two have been installed
and will be operational by January 2010 one each at Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services
(INCOIS), Hyderabad and Indian Institute of Tropical Metrology (IITM) Pune. The will augment
substantially capability of Assimilation and coupled models. Increase the resolution of the current GFS
to T382L64 (horizontal resolution of approximately 35Km
71
Cyclone monitoring: The Cyclone Forecasting Wing in IMD has a three-tier structure to cater to the
needs of the maritime states and other users. There are Cyclone Warning Centres (CWCs) at
Visakhapatnam, Ahmedabad and Bhubaneswar that provide cyclone warnings for coastal regions of the
maritime states in which they are located. In addition, there are area-based Cyclone Warning Centres
(ACWC) at Kolkata, Chennai and Mumbai that not only provide warnings to their respective maritime
states but also supervise the advisories of these centres under their jurisdiction. The ACWCs / CWCs
issue warnings at three hourly intervals to ships in the high seas, ships in coastal waters, ports, fishermen,
government officials and the general public regarding adverse weather likely to be experienced in their
respective areas. During a cyclone warning, bulletins are broadcast through All India Radio (AIR) and
electronic and print media. When a radar station tracks the cyclone with confidence, which happens
usually about 24 hours before landfall, hourly broadcasts are also made. Warning dissemination channel
Cyclone warnings are disseminated through radio, television, print media, telephones, fax, telex,
telegrams, police wireless network et al. A specially designed Cyclone Warning Dissemination System,
which works via the INSAT satellite, provides area specific service even when there is a failure of
conventional communication channels. These warnings are issued for general public, officials of Central
and State government responsible for disaster mitigation and relief, industrial and other establishments,
railways, aviation, communications and power authorities. These warnings are disseminated in two
stages. The first stage is called Cyclone Alert that is issued 48 hours in advance of the expected
commencement of adverse weather over the coastal areas. The second stage is known as Cyclone
Warning and a warning for this is issued 24 hours in advance. A pre-cyclone warning is instituted prior
to cyclone alert and a post landfall outlook is issued for areas in the interior, which may be affected by
the cyclone.
Skills and capabilities The average operational forecast error of IMD for 24 hours track forecast
is about 140 km. Considering the landfall forecast of cyclones, based on the last five years data, the 12
hour and 24 hour landfall forecast errors are comparable with those of other ocean basins. However,
continuous efforts are being made to improve effective dissemination of efficient forecasts. This can be
achieved through improved scientific understanding, enhanced observation network and improved
modelling technique through collaborative research. Improved telecommunication mechanism, along
with coordination with media and disaster management personnel are given prime importance in this
effort. Besides, timely projects are undertaken for improved understanding and prediction through
special observations in and around the tropical cyclones and utilizing improved modelling techniques.
Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment - CAIPEEX: IITM has taken up
a Phase I multi-year, multi-institutional programme on CAIPEEX. The phase-I program conducted
during the monsoon of 2009. The aircraft being used is a twin engine Piper Cheyenne N361 JC pressurized,
which can go up to an altitude of 25000 ft. It was fitted with scientific instruments to measure several
parameters. The CAIPEEX completed 120 hours of flying as a part of Phase-1. CAIPEEX program is
intended to address the intricacies of the aerosol-cloud-rainfall interactions. It has two components viz.
(1) Understanding CloudAerosol interaction and (2) Precipitation Enhancement. The experiment uses
statistical methods in conjunction with numerical model simulations to evaluate the performance of the
experiment. Phase I and Phase I Phase II (planned for 2010) are for data collection Phase-III will be
devoted for the detailed scientific analysis of the data. This information could be useful for some states
where cloud seeding experiments are being conducted
Ocean Science and Information Services

Fisheries Advisories for identified Potential Fishing Zones (PFZ): A unique system of Fisheries
Advisories based on identification of potential fishing zones (PFZ) using remote sensing technology has
72
been made operational. A new Tuna fishery advisory on experimental basis has been initiated. The
PFZ advisories prepared in local languages and local measurement units are disseminated to over 225
nodes, thrice a week through innovative and novel initiatives such as Electronic Display Boards and
Information Kiosks at the fishing harbors, radio, print media, emails and web sites supplementing fax
and telephone. Over 70 electronic Display boards were installed in selected coastal areas for dissemination
of the information.
Disaster Support
Early Warning System for Tsunami and Storm Surge: A state-of-the-art Tsunami Warning System was set
up, with a capability to forewarn of impending disasters within 13 minutes of the occurrence of an
earthquake, whereas the Tsunami takes more than 2 hours to reach mainland India. The early warning
system monitors potential tsunamigenic earthquakes, sea level propagation of tsunami waves in the
ocean, and consequent sea level changes. This centre has been recognized as a Regional Tsunami Watch
Provider for the Indian Ocean Region and started operation of Level-1 services as Regional Tsunami
Watch Provider (RTWP) to the Indian Ocean Rim countries.
Microzonation Studies of Selected Urban Centres: Microzonation is a multi-disciplinary and multiinstitutional effort, which has direct application in disaster mitigation and management, urban
development, planning, design and construction, and risk assessment to existing life & property, defense
installations, heavy industry and public utilities and services, etc. During the last few years efforts have
been made to take up microzonation studies for Delhi, Guwahati, Sikkim and Bangalore. While the
microzonation of Guwahati and Sikkim has already been completed on 1:25000 scale, the work related to
Delhi on 1:50,000 scale has been completed and the maps are being further refined on 1:10,000 scale.
Polar Science & cryosphere

As in earlier years, MoES undertook expeditions to Antarctica and Arctic for research in Polar Regions.
There are in addition to our permanent round- the- year 25 strong contingents of scientists, doctors and
support staff in Antarctica. Polar research may reveal important aspects of climate change and warming
over thousands of years. Considering the critical importance of polar science, India is in the process of
setting up of 3rd Antarctica station.
Ocean Technology
Low Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD): In May 2005, a 1 lakh litre per day capacity of Low
Temperature Thermal Desalination Technology was developed, commissioned and made operational at
Kavaratti (Lakshadweep) for providing the fresh water to the islanders. Using Waste Heat from Power
Plants, NIOT demonstrated LTTD technology by commissioning a plant and producing fresh water at
the first trial run at the North Chennai Power Plant on 22.2.2009.The capacity of the plant is 1 lakh liter
per day. It is running successfully. Besides, 3 more desalination plants of 1 lakh liter capacity one each
are being setup at Minicoy, Agatti and Androth of Lakshadweep islands. One plant at Agatti is to be
commissioned by March, 2010. Currently, Public-Private Partnerships are being explored for further
development of the technology for up scaling to capacities of the order of 10 million litre per day offshore
plant.
Mining Technology: Towards harnessing deep sea resources, National Institute of Ocean Technology
(NIOT) developed and tested an instrument to measure sea bed soil properties in-situ, at a depth of 5200
73
metre. A prototype for Remotely Operated Vehicle has been developed and tested successfully at a
depth of over 3000 metre. The complete hardware and software for the instrumentation and control
system was developed by Indian scientists. India is one among the handful of nations bearing the capacity
for deep sea mining. National Institute of Ocean Technology, the technical arm of the Ministry of Earth
Sciences has taken up this challenging area of developing technologies for harnessing ocean resources.
As a part of technology development for harnessing the Gas Hydrate Technology
NIOT is in the
process to develop and demonstrate a 6000m rated deep water work class remotely operable vehicle
(ROSUB6000) in association with the engineering design bureau of Oceanological Engineering, Russian
Academy of sciences of Moscow. Deep water trials of ROSUB were conducted at a depth of 3000 m in the
Bay of Bengal in May 2009 successfully.
Coastal Marine Ecology

Field station for Ornamental Fish Culture: A Field Research Station at Agatti island of Lakshadweep
during March 2009 to develop hatchery technology for captive breeding of marine ornamental fishes
and transfer this technology to the islanders. This will help in enhancing the livelihood of the people as
well as protect marine biodiversity.
Technology for fattening of Lobsters and mud crabs: National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai,
successfully developed and disseminated viable technology for fattening lobsters and mud crabs in
cages to select beneficiaries in Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu and Andaman Islands, on an experimental
basis. There has been a substantial improvement in earnings of coastal fishermen due to implementation
of this scheme. The technology for seaweed culture will be extended to 100 women beneficiaries in Gulf
of Mannar region, 25 women beneficiaries each for lobster fattening in Gulf of Mannar and crab fattening
in Andaman & Nicobar Islands.
Climate Change Science

Centre for Climate Change Research: The Ministry has set up a dedicated centre for Climate Change
Research at Pune to address various scientific issues relating to climate change including impacts on
sectors like health, agriculture and water. With the mandate to explore and assess targeted science-facets
of climate change that are of high relevance for the Indian region, along with their global linkages through
the creation of a research infrastructure to be coordinated by a exclusive program on climate change
science, integrate existing research groups and develop new groups through the development of
institutional research network, developing collaborative linkages with international institutions and
research groups to enhance research capabilities, coordinate systematic observation program for climate
change related parameters including fluxes, over Indian region and ocean in the neighborhood.
Ocean Resources
Delineation of Outer Limits of Continental Shelf UNCLOS) under the provision of the United Nations
Convention on Law of the Sea 1982. The Ministry with the support of the research institutes completed
the entire work relating to data/analysis of sea-bed sedimentation etc. in order to stake Indias claim to
the continental shelf by the prescribed dead line of the 12th May, 2009. India made a partial submission
in pursuant to Article 76 of the 1982 UNCLOS towards the establishment of the outer limit of its continental
shelf beyond zoo nautical miles in May, 2009.
74
Indian Space Research

Organisation/
Department of Space
Indian Space Research Organisation/

Department of Space
Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)/Department of Space (DOS) has the primary responsibility
of development of space technology, science and related applications towards achieving self reliance
and to contribute in all round development of the nation. ISRO/DOS undertakes research and
development activities related to space technology in the country and implements various space
programmes towards meeting the societal needs. Antrix Corporation was set up by ISRO/DOS to
promote commercial exploitation of space products, technical consultancy services and transfer of
technologies developed by ISRO with the active participation of Industries. ISRO/DOS is committed
for following:
Carrying out research and development in high end technologies required for satellites and launch
vehicles with a goal to achieve self-reliance
Providing space-based infrastructure for telecommunications and broadcasting needs of the country
Providing satellite imagery and contributing towards natural resources survey and management
Providing space based services required for weather forecasting/ monitoring and climate related
studies
Providing space based services required for developmental purposes to the Central Government,
State Governments, Quasi Governmental Organisations, NGOs, private sector and common man
Promoting research and development in space sciences and planetary exploration
India has operational Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) series in sun-synchronous polar orbit, namely,
IRS-1D, Oceansat-1 & 2, Technology Experiment Satellite (TES), Resourcesat-1, Cartosat-1, 2, 2A, Indian
Mini Satellite (IMS-1) and RISAT-2. India has, one of the largest constellations of remote sensing
satellites, for earth resources studies, in the world today. These satellites provide data with spatial
resolutions ranging from 360m to less than 1m and in different spectral ranges visible, near infrared,
short wave infrared and microwave with frequent revisit capabilities. Further, some of the INSAT satellites
in geostationary orbit also provide coarse resolution earth observation data, specifically for weather
systems studies and monitoring. A unique system called National Natural Resources Management System
(NNRMS) has been set up to optimally manage countrys natural resources using Remote Sensing and
conventional techniques. State level Remote Sensing Application Centres (SRSACs) have been set up
under the technical guidance of ISRO/NNRMS to carryout Remote Sensing application projects for the
particular state/region. Under the aegis of NNRMS, large number of projects have been carried out by
ISRO and SRSACs at National/Regional/Local levels.
INSAT, one of the largest domestic communications satellite constellations in the region, provides services
in S-band, C-band, Extended C-band and Ku-band addressing wide varieties of user needs in the
country. With more than 200 transponders, the INSAT system serves many important sectors of the
Indian economy. INSAT/EDUSAT has played an important role in the countrys social development
through well laid out education program. Tele-medicine network has been established to cater to the
poorer section of society in rural villages. The technology provides necessary linkages to reach super
specialist medical services to the remote and rural population.
Almost all the states in the country have made use of the space technology applications with diversified
results. Particularly, ISRO/DOS has taken specific initiatives through respective State Governments to
Indian Space Research Organisation
77
see that necessary manpower and infrastructure is established to use space technology at State level.
This has helped many States to establish State Remote Sensing Application Centres (SRSACs) which
cater to all natural resources related applications for developmental purposes. Following figure illustrates
the nation-wide coverage of such centres and their institutionalisation framework to cater to all
developmental efforts of the country.
Some of the major technology/applications which are used/made available towards developmental
applications and commercialisation are:
78
S. No.
Technology / Applications
Description
Validation/Utility
1.
Ground water prospect and

recharge maps under Rajiv
Gandhi National Drinking Water
Mission (RGNDWM)
Ground water prospects and

recharge maps on 1:50,000 scale
towards scientific source finding of
water and for recharging have
been prepared using remote
sensing data.
Ten states (Andhra Pradesh,

Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala,
Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,
Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh,
Orissa and Gujarat) have been
completed in different phases and
remaining states are being taken
up. So far, more than 275,000 wells
have been drilled with above 90%
success rate and more than 7000
recharge structures have been
constructed.
2.
National wasteland mapping
Wasteland maps for the entire

country have been prepared on
1:50,000 scale during 1986-2000 and
updated in 2003. Further updation
of Wasteland types using 2006
satellite data is nearing completion.
The maps are used for identifying

areas for reclamation (to bring
under cultivation, afforestation
etc.). The comparative analysis of
statistics shows that there is
reduction of 8.58 Mha (63.85 - 55.27
Mha) area during these periods,
equivalent to 2.71% to total
geographical area of the country.
3.
Watershed development
plannin
Integrated Mission for Sustainable

Development (IMSD) project,
based on integration of various
themes and collateral information,
carried out in about 84 Mha in 175
districts of the country, wherein
watershed wise land and water
resources management plans
were prepared.
The inputs generated under IMSD

have been used by many district
authorities for implementing land
and water resources development
plans. Remote sensing based
studies helped in understanding the
impact of watershed development
works and providing suggestions
for midcourse corrections/
improvements Innovative use of
remote sensing, GIS and web
based MIS/GIS has enabled close
monitoring of the project
implementation and has brought in
transparency. The S/W tools
developed under Sujala Project is
being replicated for NWDPRA and
IWDP projects.
Under National Watershed

Development Programme for Rain
fed Areas (NWDPRA), about 120
watersheds throughout the country
were monitored during 8th and 9th
FY plan period to assess the impact
of various developmental
programmes, which had been
undertaken in those
watersheds.
Participatory monitoring and
evaluation of 752 micro-watersheds
under Sujala Watershed
Development Programme in 5
districts (Kolar, Tumkur,
Chitradurga, Dharwad & Haveri) of
Karnataka has been carried out.
79
S. No.
4.
80
Potential Fishing Zone
Advisories
Description
Validation/Utility
Potential Fishing Zone (PFZ)

forecasts are made by integrating
information on Ocean Colour and
Sea Surface Temperature (SST),
both derived from the satellite data.
PFZ advisories in local languages
and local measurement units are
disseminated thrice in a week to
Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka,
Goa, Kerala, North Tamil Nadu,
Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, West
Bengal, Andaman & Nicobar and
Lakshadweep Islands by Indian
National Centre for Ocean
Information Services (INCOIS) of
Ministry of Earth Sciences.
Under INCOIS, 370 nodes have

been established and PFZ
information is sent through phone,
fax, email and electronic display
boards where PFZ maps are being
distributed. Through internet and
Web-GIS further about 5700 user
groups are receiving the forecast
including fishery departments/
central govt. agencies/corporate
and fishermen groups. In total
more than 30,000 users are
benefited through PFZ forecast.
Feedback indicates on an average
80% success rate in catching fish.
5.
Monitoring of agricultural
drought
The National Agricultural Drought

Assessment & Monitoring System
(NADAMS) project, operational
since 1989, involves the analysis of
satellite data and integration with
ground information for assessing
the prevalence, severity and
persistence of agricultural drought
at district and sub-district level
during the Kharif season (June to
October).13 states - AP, Karnataka,
TN, Orissa, Maharashtra, Gujarat,
MP, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana and
Rajasthan are covered.
Monthly drought reports are

submitted to the Ministry of
Agriculture and State Departments
of Agriculture and Relief
Commissioner of different states.
The drought information is used in
the crop review meetings and
contingency planning during the
season. At the end of the season,
the drought information is used as
input for the drought declaration
process.
6.
Urban and infrastructure

development
Establishment of National Urban

Information System (NUIS) for
about 158 towns with the objective
of establishing a comprehensive
information system, which will
enable the urban local bodies to
prepare Master/Zonal plans, and
administering towns/cities in a
scientific manner.
High-resolution data has been very

useful for mapping and preparing
the master plan development for
many cities/town of the country,
such as, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad,
Mumbai, Bangalore, National
Capital Region, Pimpri, Indore etc.
Many infrastructure related
studies/projects have been also
carried out using remote sensing
data like, pipeline routing, road
alignment etc.
7.
Disaster Management
Support (DMS)
Monitoring and impact assessment

of all major natural disasters cyclone, flood, drought,
earthquake, landslide, forest fire,
tsunami etc.Creation of digital
database - spatial and attribute, in
GIS Generation of close-contour
information for hazard zonation -
The information is provided to

concerned State Relief
Commissioners/District Authorities,
MHA, NDMA and others. In
addition satellite based Virtual
Private Network (VPN) linking the
vital players (like MHA, National
Emergency Operation Centres
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
flood, landslide, tsunami stormsurge using Airborne Laser Terrain

Mapper (ALTM)All weather
imaging capability through
development of Airborne Synthetic
Aperture Radar (A-SAR)
NEOC) involved in disaster

management with the multi-hazard
prone State Emergency Operation
Centres (SEOCs), Disaster Support
Centre (DSC) of ISRO/DOS has
been set up. WLL-VSAT, Satellite
Phone (INSAT Type-D), Fishermen
Distress Terminal (DAT), DTH based
Disaster Warning Dissemination
System (DDWS) have been tested
and deployed/being deployed.
8.
Natural Resources Census

(NRC)
The NRC project aims at

generation of a set of thematic
maps using IRS images to prepare
natural resources information
layers viz., land use/land cover,
soil, land degradation, wetlands,
vegetation, snow & glaciers and
geomorphology at 1:50,000 scale
and land use/land cover at
1:250,000 scale, periodically for
monitoring of natural resources
The project is being executed with

the active involvement of SRSACs.
The information is useful for
identifying hot spot areas which has
under gone rapid changes, and for
conserving the natural resources.
The information is made available
through portal
www.bhusampada.nrsc.gov.in
9.
Forecasting Agricultural output

through Agro-meteorology and
Land based observations
(FASAL)
Crop Acreage and Production

Estimation (CAPE) is a countrywide
project executed by DOS along
with various State Remote Sensing
Applications Centres, State
Departments of Agriculture and
Agriculture Universities. Acreage
and production estimates for
principal crops such as wheat, rice,
sorghum, cotton, potato, mustard
and groundnut are generated
under the project using stratified
random sampling approach.Based
on the experience of CAPE,
Forecasting Agricultural output
through Agro-meteorology and
Land based observations (FASAL),
which envisages phased
implementation in collaboration
with State Agricultural Statistical
Agencies has been institutionalised.
The figures on pre-harvest acreage

and production estimates are
regularly provided to DAC in
advance for assessing the crop
production scenario.
10.
Space based Information

System for Decentralized
Planning (SIS-DP)
being taken up
The aim of this project is to prepare

district resource atlases using
remote sensing and GIS
techniques on 1:10,000 scale
comprising land use, settlement,
road network, slope and other
natural resources to strengthen
various aspects of decentralised
The outcomes of this mission is

envisaged to establish and enable
the information system comprising
of spatial natural resources and
non-spatial data towards supporting
the panchayats & districts for the
decentralized planning. The project
is intended to be executed and
81
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
district level planning through a coordinated approach. The work has

been initiated for A.P., Assam,
Haryana, Kerala and West Bengal.
supported by State Remote Sensing

Application Centres / Institutes / IT
Departments and Industries.
11.
Data dissemination efforts
ISRO has been generating and

populating large amount of
geospatial data and being made
available through various web
portals.Some of them are NNRMS
(comprises Natural Resources
Data Base), Bhuvan (Earth
Observation Image Visualisation
Portal), Bhusampada (NRC project
database), MOSDAC (ocean and
weather related)
www.nnrms.gov.in
www.bhuvan.nrsc.gov.in
www.bhusampada.nrsc.gov.in
www.mosdac.gov.in
www.nrsc.gov.in
Data has been disseminated

through various portals of ISRO to
authentic users regularly.The
recently launched Bhuvan provides
satellites images of entire country
up to 5.8 m spatial resolution. This
portal enables interactive viewing
of 2D & 3D images and maps. This
has been most popular with more
than 5 Crore hits.
12.
Tele-medicine
Tele-medicine facility caters to the

transmission of patients medical
images, records, output from
medical services, besides live twoway audio and video conferencing
provided through satellite
communication link. With the help
of these, a specialist doctor advises
a doctor in rural area or a
paramedic at the patients end,
online about the medical care. Telemedicine system consists of
customized medical software along
with medical diagnosis instruments
connected through the satellite
based communication means (like
VSAT), at each location.
Tele-medicine has helped remote/

rural people to get specialty health
care at their village/town. Telemedicine project was started in the
year 2001. At present 382 hospitals
have been linked in the
telemedicine programme, out of
which 323 are district/rural
hospitals and 59 are super specialty
hospitals. More than 650,000
patients have availed the services.
13.
Tele-education
An exclusive satellite EDUSAT

was launched for this purpose in
the year 2004. EDUSAT has
specially configured to cater to
the need of regional and national
level requirements. It has five Kuband transponders to cover the
regional areas and one Ku-band
and another six C-band
transponders for national
coverage. The interactions are
done through two types of
terminals- Receive only Terminals
(ROTs) and Satellite Interactive
The main aim is to provide quality

education to under privileged rural
areas and to provide the services
of talented experienced teachers to
a larger audience.
82
At present, there are 64 Networks

working in the country (52,158
Classrooms - 5,083 Interactive and
47,075 Receive only)
Regular curriculum based teaching
through this programme has
helped thousand of students.
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
Terminal Terminals (SITs). ROT

connectivity is mainly used for
primary schools, where as, SIT
links are given for technical and
higher education institutes.
14.
Village Resource Centres
The VRC programme launched

by (VRCs)
ISRO/DOS in 2004
for reaching the benefits of the
space technology directly to the
communities at the grass root level.
473 VRCs have been set up in 22

States/UTs.
50 Expert Centres and
25 Specialty hospitals are linked in
the network
This project strives to promote a

need based single window delivery
system for
providing services
in the areas of education, health,
nutrition, weather, environment,
agriculture and livelihoods to the
rural population and to empower
them to face the challenges. This is
being implemented in association
with concerned NGOs/ Trusts/
Institutes, state and central
agencies.
More than 6000 programmes were

conducted online and around
400,000 people availed the services.
Large number offline activities like
health camps, SHG awareness, skill
development, farmers camps etc
have also been regularly organised.
The VRC is a totally interactive (two

way audio-video) VSAT based
network, linked to various Expert
Centres (ECs), where experts are
available on various fields like
agriculture, animal husbandry, skill
development, etc; who provide
online advisories to the villagers.
Indigenously developed S/W
GRAMINS (Gram Resources
Advisories Management and
INformation System) has been
provided to VRCs for visualising
Natural resources database.
15.
Distress Alert Transmitter

(DAT)
INSAT based Distress Alert

Transmitter (DAT) is used to
transmit emergency conditions
and position location to a central
hub station via UHF transponder
of INSAT for rescue operation. It
can be easily installed in boats or
other vehicles. In case of
emergency, user just needs to
switch on the DAT unit. User is
required to select a message (e.g.
fire in boat) by pressing the
corresponding switch provided in
the system. The DAT combines the
message with position of the boat
Intended for emergency message

communication transmission for all
type of sea going vessels.
Useful for fisherman.
83
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
obtained through GPS, and

transmits the same to a central
HUB station. The DAT will repeat
the message every minute for first
five minutes and then every five
minutes till it is switched off
manually or until the battery life
gets over.
16.
Mobile Satellite Service (MSS)

Type D Terminal
This terminal provides voice

communication link between two
portable terminals and between
terminals to Public Switched
Telephone Network (PSTN) via hub
station. The MSS Type D System is
having portable terminal with flat
panel antenna and operates in
S-band. This is a battery operated
terminal with talk time of 3 Hrs and
standby time of 24 Hrs.
Voice, Fax and Data communication

from any remote location in the
Indian mainland region is possible.
Reliable communication support
when all other conventional means
fail.Communication support during
disasters like floods, earthquake
etc.
17.
Q-PAD Mobile GIS GPS

Software
Q-Pad is menu driven mobile GISGPS software and allows access

and manipulation of GIS data in
field using Pocket PC. Real time
integration of GPS data with GIS
layer and overlay of GPS, GIS and
remote sensing data is made easy
through Q-Pad.
Useful for in-situ data collection,

field level disaster damage
assessment and GPS data
collection
18.
Satellite based interactive IP

Network (SIIP)
Satellite based Interactive IP (SIIP)

network developed for EDUSAT
programme of ISRO is low cost and
most suitable for small size
broadcasting network
requirements. The IP Interactive
network consists of a Satellite with
minimum 3 MHz bandwidth, the
Network Control Station in the
Teaching End, unlimited Receive
Only Terminals (ROT) intended to
receive the programs and a group
of Satellite Interactive Terminals
(SIT) for two way audio/video
interactions.
Useful for non interactive &

interactive e-Learning; Corporate
training programs; disaster
management service and for
satellite based news gathering
19.
Phantom Connectivity
ISRO has developed Phantom

Network Toggling Mechanism. The
system comprises of an
organizational network, third party
network(s) (say internet), a
phantom server with intermediate
data storage, a toggling mechanism
to isolate the organizational
To and fro email transfer between

public and organization network
and file downloading from Internet
(or any other network) to
organization network without
connecting both of them.Enriching
usage of thin client base Internet
surfing without comprising on user
84
S. No.
20.
21.
DTH based Disaster Warning

Dissemination System
Satellite Photogram-metry
Software for Indian Remote
Sensing Missions-Cartosat-1
(SAPHIRE-C)
Description
Validation/Utility
network from the third party

network. It permits secured data
communication between the
organizational network and the
third party network. The network
toggle control is through PC parallel
interface. This is extremely useful
to organizations for allowing users
connected to their Intranet to send
email to external world without
connecting Intranet with Internet.
Phantom connectivity model
enables organization to copy users
download data from Internet to
Intranet without connecting both
the networks. Some features are:
low cost, 24X7 operated, high (100/
1000 Mbps) speed data transfer,
high reliability, secured and fully
automated.
needs to get download data on

organization network.
ISRO has developed a DTH based

Disaster Warning Dissemination
System which will find wide
applications for disaster warning
dissemination during flood,
earthquake, tsunami, cyclone,
landslides, civil disturbances etc.
Function(s) of each warning
receiver deployed at different
places can be controlled from
transmit end. The system can
disseminate data Direct to Home
(DTH) or to community centres and
public places. Warning message
originating station will select
individual receiver or group of
receivers at a time deployed at
different parts of the country.
Receiver consists of a specially
designed SET TOP BOX with
Hardware and Software.
Disaster warnings broadcasted

from Government agencies during
emergencies
ISRO has developed Satellite

Photogrammerty Software for
Indian Remote Sensing Missions
Cartosat-1 (SAPHIRE-C) which can
process Cartosat-1 satellite stereo
data products to generate Digital
Elevation Model (DEM) and
Orthoimage for the user interest
area. The software accepts the
Cartosat-1 stereo-pair products
and Ground Control Points (GCP)
The DEM can be used in

applications like extraction of
drainage patterns, contour line
generation, terrain visualisation and
generating Orthoimage. The
Orthoimage can be used for
topographic mapping applications.
This also gives a birds eye view of
the terrain undulation of the given
area to an appreciable accuracy.
Viewing entertainment programs

broadcasted on free to air channels
85
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
as inputs. The software has been

tested on a variety of regions from
plain to highly hilly terrain and is
utilized in various remote sensing
application projects.
22.
Automatic Weather Station

(AWS)
The state of the art Automatic

Weather Station (AWS) is designed
as a very compact, modular,
rugged, powerful, low cost system
and housed in a portable, self
contained package. The AWS
consists of compact Data Logger,
Data Transmitter, Crossed Yagi
Antenna, GPS, Solar Panel and
Meteorological Sensors (e.g. air
temp., relative humidity,
atmospheric pressure, wind
direction, wind speed, solar
radiation, rain gauge, soil
temperature, and soil moisture
etc.). AWS Transmits
Meteorological data every hour
from any remote station installed
in the foot print of INSAT / KALPANA
Satellite. The DRT on board INSAT
3A and Kalpana satellites has
capacity to accommodate over
10,000 such AWS systems spread
over the country.
The AWS can immediately provide

information on current weather
and an anomaly from normal/
expected weather.
The AWS systems especially in
coastal areas could provide
valuable data on the landfall of
tropical cyclones and their impact
in terms of heavy rainfall and high
winds.
Specific advisory services related
to agriculture- irrigation,
scheduling, fertilizer application,
spraying of pesticides etc. could
also be generated by a team of
agronomist / meteorologist using
data from AWS. A network of more
than 1000 AWS has already been
established by ISRO / ANTRIX in
close collaboration with user
agencies.
23.
IGIS Software
Indigenous GIS (IGIS) software

package is indigenously developed
to carry out GIS analysis and image
processing for Natural Resource
Development. IGIS is a seamless
Geomatics application with both
single user / multiuser platform and
includes GIS, Image Processing and
its integration with the real time
information using GPS.
Low cost, robust image processing

and GIS package.
24.
Search and Rescue Beacon
Search and Rescue Beacon is an

affordable and technically
advanced electronic device that
helps to rescue people in distress
through satellite communication.
The beacon transmits encoded
digital message that contains
information about the beacon, such
as its unique identification number,
country where the beacon is
registered etc. along with current
location of the beacon. The beacon
The beacon is used in sea, on

difficult terrains on the land and in
air by various groups of people.
86
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
gets location information from

Global Positioning System. Various
search and rescue satellites under
COSPAS-SARSAT network receives
transmitted signals. The messages
are processed and retransmitted
to different ground stations. These
dedicated ground stations receives
message and alert rescue centres
nearest to spot of accident. The
rescue centre in turn initiates
rescue operation.
25.
Sparse Area Communication

System
The Sparse Area Communications

System (SACS) consists of one Hub
and up to 16 Remote Terminals
(RT) providing voice and data
service to about 1500 subscribers
spread over widely separated
areas hitherto not covered by
existing communication
technologies in a cost effective way.
The SACS system consists of a Hub
and multiple Remote Terminals
subsystems connected by a
satellite link. The Hub has standard
interfaces to PSTN and Internet for
voice and data traffic. It also
interfaces to a Network
Management System (NMS) for
control and monitoring of the entire
SACS System. The RT uses a 2.4 m
Antenna interfacing to a corDECT
system for voice and data
connectivity and supports a user
base of up to 200 subscribers.
To communicate in widely
separated areas, which are not
covered by existing communication
technologies.
26.
Polyurethane Foot
Polyurethane systems are mainly

used as microcellular elastomers
and foams. The development of PU
foams for rocket motor
applications has resulted in an
important spin off in the form of
artificial foot prosthesis. ISRO has
developed the moulding technique
to produce integral skin
polyurethane foot possessing
required mobility, gait dorsiflexion,
planar flexion properties etc. The
PU foot developed by ISRO has
numerous advantages over the
traditional Jaipur foot. The
prostheses were made of variable
density microcellular elastomer. It
Amputees especially among the

poor and needy in the country are
being benefitted from free
prostheses replacement.
87
S. No.
Description
Validation/Utility
has natural look, light weight, more

durable, cosmetic, comfortable,
slip resistant and easy to
manufacture. The average weight
of the foot is about 500 g. ISRO has
transferred the technology of
making PU foot to a social
organization viz. Bhagwan Mahavir
Viklang Sahayta Samithi (BMVSS),
Jaipur. The license was given free
of charges and is targeted to
provide more than 20,000 foot per
year for non commercial purposes.
Field trials and rehabilitation
camps have been organized by
BMVSS at various places.
27.
Doppler Weather Radar (DWR)
DWR system is the result of the

indigenous design and development
activity carried out at ISRO to
achieve self sufficiency in this
crucial technology by harnessing
a knowledge base available within
ISRO. Doppler Weather Radar
(DWR) provides precise advance
warnings, enhancing the lead time
for saving lives and property in the
event of natural disaster associated
with severe weather. The DWR is
operated in the surveillance mode
with continuous scanning either in
clockwise or counter clockwise
direction. The required range,
range resolution, antenna scanning
rate, number of range gates etc are
set through the radar controller.
The radar is currently in operation
at SDSC, SHAR by IMD team and
has provided valuable information
on severe weather events like
cyclones in the Bay of Bengal and
also contributed very effectively in
providing weather wise launch
support for the launch vehicle
missions of ISRO.
Provides quantitative information

about the intensity and radial
velocities of cyclones, area rainfall
rate & accumulationSubstantially
increases the lead time for cyclone
warning and remedial
measuresIdentifies accurately the
threatened areasImproves the
accuracy of mesoscale rainfall
estimates for flash flood
warningImproves the
understanding and forecasting of
thunderstorms, hailstorms, tidal
waves, wind turbulence and
shear.Provides visualization of
storm structure
Apart from the above, ISRO/DOS has developed number of Technologies/Applications in the areas of
natural resources management, communication, weather, disaster related etc., which has contributed
significantly for the development of the country. Further ISRO/DOS has established symbiotic linkages
with more than 500 industries in small, medium and large scale sectors, either through procurement
contracts, know how transfers or provision of technical consultancy. So far, 289 technologies have been
transferred to modern industries for commercialisation and 270 technical consultancies have been
provided in different disciplines of space technology.
88
Council of Scientific &

Industrial Research
Council of Scientific & Industry Research
Affordable Health
S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
Brief Technical
Profile and Applications
Scale of
Validation
1.
Amerometric Digital Biosensor

CSIR - National Physical Laboratory
First Amperometric Digital Biosensor

ever developed in India. It is a measurement and monitoring system that uses
a biomolecule, as a part of a transducer
that specifically transforms a
biochemical reaction relating to
concentration of an analayte of a sample
into an analytical signal.
Real life
2.
An Herbal Extract for the Treatment of

Prostate Diseases
CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Biology
The present invention relates to a

pharmaceutical composition useful for
the treatment of benign prostate
hyperplasia with a possibility to treat
prostrate cancer. It also relates to a new
use of the extract from the leaves or any
other plant part of Murraya koenigii and
Tribulus terrestris in the treatment of
prostate diseases.
Real life
Present invention provides a simplified

method of bioactive extraction and a
simplified fast and inexpensive process
for the preparation of extract possessing
significantly high biological activities
relevant to treatment, relief and remedy
of prostate cancer.
3.
Anti-Scratch Coatings on Plastic Ophthalmic

Lenses and Sheets using Inorganic-Organic
Hybrid Nanocomposites
CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic
Research Institute
Nanotechnology based process

for making thermally curable sols
(lacquers) for applying optically clear
anti-scratch coatings on plastic
CR-39, PC, PMMA etc.) ophthalmic
lenses, sheets and other shapes by dipcoating technique (curing temperature
90-95C.)
Real life
Higher shelf life (> 30 days at room

temperature and >100 days in
refrigerator (51C) in closed
condition);
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
91
Refractive index of the coatings can be

varied from 1.48 1.54
Coating can be done on complicated
shapes (e.g. bifocal D- or O-shaped
lenses) & previously tinted plastic
ophthalmic lenses
4.
Arteether (/): A New Drug for Drug Resistant

& Cerebral Malaria
CSIR Central Drug Research Institute
Arteether (/) is more effective than

Arteether developed by WHO for the
treatment of malaria patients. Clinical
trials have shown 84 to 100 per cent cure
with 3 dose I M injection.Compared to
other artimisinin derivatives, arteether
show exceptional safety as judged by
high LD50 dose in mice (> 1250 mg/.kg.)
which makes the better therapeutic index
of the drug. In severe malaria cases
including cerebral malaria for multi drug
as a second line of treatment in resistant
malaria, complicated malaria due to
P. falciparum.
Real life
5.
Artemether: Blood Schizontocidal Antimalarial

CSIR Central Drug Research Institute
A fast acting, blood schizontocidal

agent which attacks at the erythrocytics stage of malaria in blood.
Real life
This is suitable in severe malaria cases

including cerebral malaria as a second
line of treatment for multi drug
resistant malaria and complicated
malaria due to P. falciparum.
6.
Centchroman: Oral Contraceptive for Female

CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute
First non-steroidal oral

contraceptive pill developed in
the world.
A safe contraceptive effective in weekly
dose.
No environmental health & safety
hazard,
Technologically competitive and
economic process operation.
Technology commercialized.
92
Real life
7.
Collagen Based Biomaterials for Dermal Wound

Care and Pain Reduction
CSIR Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
Collagen based biomaterials

suitable for wound care and pain
reduction at a very
competitive and affordable price. These
are Indias first natural, non-immunogenic, non-pyrogenic, sterile, tempo-rary
biological skin covers with bacterial
barrier properties for burns, open raw
wounds and other skin complications
with shelf life 2-5 years. Collagen based
wound provide faster recovery with
single application. The chances of
complication also reduces Collagen based
wound care products are marketed by
three Indian companies and one company
in Malaysia Bench scale
Bench scale
8.
Fructo-Oligo-Saccharides
CSIR Central Food Technological
Research Institute (CFTRI)
The Oligosaccharides
possesses several beneficial
properties. They are low molecular weight carbohydrates that have
great potential to improve the functional
quality of many foods. It is water
soluble, and mildly sweet.
Real life
9.
Mannitol
CSIR National Institute of Oceanography (NIO)
A method for production of

Mannitol, (a six-carbon sugar
alcohol or polyol).
The Mannitol is a valuable nutritive
sweetener because it is non-toxic, nonhygroscopic in its crystalline form and
has no teeth decaying effects.
Mannitol does not induce
hyperglycemia, which makes it useful
for diabetics.
Can be used as a sweet builder in
sugar free chewing gum and in
pharmaceutical preparations
Finds application in treatment of head
injury to decrease cerebral edema,
intracranial pressure and food
poisoning cases
Lab scale
A drug used world-wide for the

treatment of diverse circulatory
disorders, especially myocardial
infarction. This innovation lead to
production of streptokinase drug at 1/
10th price in comparison to available
international drugs.
Real life
10. Natural Streptokinase

CSIR - Institute of Microbial Technology (IMT)
93
11. Risorine - Advancement in Tuberculosis Therapy

CSIR- Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (IIIM)
Combination of Rifampicin (200 mg),

Isoniazide (300 mg) and Piperine
(10 mg) developed :
-
12. Simultaneous Determination of total Hemoglobin

and Glycated Hemoglobin
CSIR Central Electrochemical Research
Institute (CECRI)
Real life
Similar therapeutic benefits at less

than dose of conventional
therapy;
Better safety and tolerability;
Lesser drug drug interaction; &
Faster and superior cure rates.
Risorine will reduce cost of
Rifampicin Isoniazide containing
formulation by 23%
Drug commercially available Real
life
A novel HbA1c sensor based on nonenzymatic electrochemical analysis of

hemoglobin (Hb) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a blood sample as one
shot analysis has been developed for the
first time. The HbA1c measurement is a
more reliable indicator of the diabetic
state, dispensing the randomness
associated with blood glucose estimation.
Lab scale
This electrochemical kit, which is simple,

inexpensive and patient-friendly, will
facilitate efficient management of
Diabetes mellitus. About to be launched
in the market. The cost of analysis per
sample is expected to be 1/5th of the
existing conventional analysis.
13. Portable Pulse Oximeter

CSIR Central Scientific Instruments
Organisation (CSIO)
A Pulse Oximeter is a portable, noninvasive monitor of pulse rate and

oxygen saturation that enables prompt
recognition of hypoxemia. It is non
invasive, provides real time display of
Oxygen Saturation (SaO2) and pulse rate,
gives alarm indications and audio beep
on each pulse.
Real life
14. Production of Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Powder

CSIR - National Metallurgical
Laboratory (NML)
First of its kind in India

hydroxyapatite
is a bioceramic powder which is
widely used as cost effective bone
graft material in Orthopedic and
Dental segment.
Real life
Till now most of the available

products are imported brands with
prohibitive price in India.
Technology commercialized.
94
15. Recombinant Streptokinase

CSIR - Institute of Microbial
Technology (IMT)
A recombinant version of
natural type streptokinase
has been developed which is roughly
ten times efficient as the natural SK
production technology.
Real life
Would further reduce price of the drug

for heart treatment.
Building and Construction

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
16. EPS Door Shutters

CSIR Central Building Research
Institute (CBRI)
Brief Technical
EPS door is a foam core, agroforestry wooden laminated frame
Lighter than wooden door shutter
Scale of
Validation
Real life
(14 kg/m2)
Economical, 15% cheaper than
wooden shutter
Conforms to IS:4020-1994
Approved by CPWD
17. High Performance Bitumen Binders
CSIR Central Road Research Institute (CRRI)
Have improved rheological properties

and enhanced fatigue life, higher
resistance to rutting and thermal
cracking under different traffic and
climatic conditions.
Real life
18. High Performance Polymer Modified Bitumen

CSIR Central Road Research Institute(CRRI)
Imparts higher life and reduces

maintenance cost.
Real life
Helps in saving of about 30-40%.

Transferred to 10 small scale
industries.
19. High Volume Flux Bonded Fly Ash Ceramic
Technology for Building Components
CSIR-National Institute of Interdisciplinary
Science & Technology (NIIST)
A unique process developed utilizes up

to 80% by weight of fly ash to make red
coloured building components such as
bricks, pavements, tiles, glazed tiles
etc.The process is adaptable to the
traditional brick and tile industry with
appropriate mechanization and will
conserve up to 80% of natural clays and
use up to 80% of fly ash. The plant
should be preferably in the premises of
the thermal power plants and the
process is suitable for pond ash and
stored ash as also with dry fly ash.
Pilot scale
95
20. Instant House for Disaster Victims

CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes
Research Institute (AMPRI)
Weight: 500 Kg
Easy to assemble
20 houses can be transported in truck
Real life
Convenient and durable foundations

Fire retardant
Panels made of industrial waste and
natural fiber
21. Semi-Mechanised Brick Making Machine

CSIR - Central Building Research Institute (CBRI)
An extrusion Machine to manufacture

4000 wire cut bricks per hour, with an
economically low rate of power
consumption. This machine is of
advance design; provide efficient
service, indigenously available involving
a small capital outlay.
22. Technology for Anti-Corrosive Coatings

CSIR Central Building Research Institute (CBRI)
Resistant to coastal environment

Improvement in elongation, tensile
strength, flexibility, adhesion, chemical resistance and reduction in the
water vapor permeation
Real life
Real life
Excellent resistance to chemicals and

fertilizers
23. Vertical Shaft Kiln-Mini Cement Plant

for Cement Manufacture
CSIR - North East Institute of Sciencen and
Technology (NEIST)
96
Suitable for cement manufacture of

different plant capacities ranging
from 20-100 TPD.
Viable even for a place having small
deposits of raw materials.
Real life
Chemicals and Associated Products

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
Brief Technical
Scale of
Validation
24. Aluminium Alloy Anodes

CSIR Central Electrochemical Research Institute
Eco-friendly process know-how for the

manufacture of aluminium anodes
incorporating indium that is simpler and
easy to control without compromising
the performance of
the anodes.
Real life
25. Bio-Heap Leaching of Low Grade Copper from

Lean Sulphide Ore
CSIR Institute of Minerals and Materials
Technology (IMMT)
Suitable for the huge quantities of lowgrade copper ores lying at the mine
site to produce pure copper metal
in the country. Would help in savings on
account of foreign exchange in addition
to prevention of environmental pollution
due to acid mine drainage.
Pilot scale
26. Catalytic Coating Technology for Anodes of

Membrane Cells
Institute (CECRI)
The composition of the overlaying

active coating has been suitably
altered to enhance the difference
between the chlorine evolution potential
and oxygen evolution potential so as to
minimize oxygen evolution as far as
possible. If the entire chlor-alkali
membrane cells in India are provided with
such coating, Rs. 60 crore could be saved.
At the same time valuable foreign
exchange can also be saved. Life of coating
is about 7 years.
Real life
27. Catalytic Coating Technology for Cathodes of

Membrane Cells
CSIRCentral Electrochemical Research
Institute (CECRI)
If the entire chlor-alkali membrane

cells in India are provided with
this coating Rs. 60 crore could be
saved on foreign exchange for every
5 year and an energy saving of 3600
million kwh.
Real life,
technology
transferred
28. Flow Improver

CSIR - North East Institute of Science and
Technology (NEIST)
Majority of the Indian crude oils have

high wax content. Flow improvers
reduce the pour point, viscosity, and
yield value and help in easy restart in
case of shut down in the pipeline. Flow
improvers tend to be specific to crude
oils in view of the differences in
chemical compositions. A wide range of
flow improvers are available suitable for
the Indian crude oils.
Pilot scale
97
29. Formaldehyde free Synthetic Tanning Agent

A first of its kind in the world a multifunctional matrix with sulfonated

aromatic compound, free of
formaldehyde. Use of this syntan in
tanning enhances the uptake of
chromium to above 93%. The syntan
provides a means for pickle free chrome
tanning thereby reducing the total
dissolved solids in the effluent.
Currently marketed by M/s. Balmer
Lawrie & Co. Ltd under the name
TANAID.
Real life
30. Kojic Acid Production

A new method for production and

purification of Kojic acid by
fermentation of the marine fungus
Aspergillus spp. and Penicillium spp.In
the food industry, kojic acid is used as an
inhibitor of polyphenol oxidase, an
enzyme responsible for the blackening of
agricultural products. In medicine, kojic
acid is used mainly because it can
eliminate free radicals and thus act as
antioxidants. The use of kojic acid in
cosmetics in the form of gels and soaps
is to achieve skin lightening effect by
inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase thereby
reducing the production of melanin
formation. It also blocks the formation
of pigmentation and evens out skin tone.
Real life
31. Merchant Grade Phosphoric Acid (Conversion of

Fe-III to Fe-II)
CSIR - Institute of Minerals and Materials
Technology (IMMT)
A new process for conversion of Fe-III

of merchant grade phosphoric acid
into Fe-II through Electrolytic
reduction. The process has been
demonstrated at Talcher.
Bench scale
32. Nano Rare Earth Oxides and Phosphates

CSIR - National Institute for Interdisciplinary
Science and Technology(NIIST)
Nano metal oxides and phosphates are

types of materials with growing
market on a global basis. Most of the
nano metal oxides commercially
available from countries abroad are very
expensive. The developed new process
for production of Nano particles is
through hydrolysis-peptisation
technique. The average cost of
the nano particles will be Rs. ~1000-2000
per Kg only.
Lab scale
98
33. Pesticides : Phosphamidon and Quinalphos

Technology (NEIST)
Phosphamidon an important organophosphorus synthetic insecticide

extensively used in various crops. It is
parti-cularly effective against aphids,
stem borer, leaf hoppers, mite thrip,
grass-hoppers, ball-worms, white flies
etc. Quinalphos: It is a contact and
stomach insecticide and effective against
both biting and sucking insects as well
as mites and plant hoppers.
Pilot scale the

technology
transferred
34. Pre-stressed Concrete Monoblock Broad Gauge

Railway Sleepers
CSIR Structural Engineering Research
Centre (SERC)
Better stability, Inherent resistance to

track buckling, Longer service. High
strength concrete and high tensile
strands used for production. Suitable for
long line method for production. The
know-how has been passed on to the
NRDC, after satisfying the technical
requirements of RDSO, Lucknow.
Real life
35. Recovery of Chromite Values from Low

Grade Chromite Ores & Tailings of Chromite
Beneficiation Plant
Technology
Suitable for treatment of both low

grade ore of ~ 16% Cr2O3 to
obtain ~ 46 to 48% Cr2O3 at 20 to
24% yield. The plant is also dovetailed
with flotation circuit to recover chromite
from the slimes, which is first of its kind
in India / abroad. 500 tpd commercial
plant has been set up at Sukinda by
Jindal Stainless Limited.
Real life
36. Synthetic Tanning Agents: Alutan and Alcrotan

Alutan and Alcrotan are two mineral

synthetic tanning agents (syntans) which
at the time of their development had no
international equivalents. Alcrotan is an
innovative light fast syntan based on
chromium and aluminium. While
conventional basic chromium sulfate
employed in the leather industry for
tanning had an uptake of around 40
60% (at the time when this syntan was
developed), this product ensured uptake
of more than 90% of chromium and
aluminium.
Real life
Alutan is an aluminium based syntan

with irreversible binding of
aluminium(III) (conventional aluminium
salts even with masking are washed out
of leather), which affords fuller leathers
making suede processing easy with color
richness. By combining Alutan with basic
chromium sulfate in tanning a zero waste
closed-loop tanning methodology has
become a reality. The technology
transferred.
99
37. Ultrapure Solar Salt

CSIR Central Salt and Marine Chemicals
Research Institute (CSMCRI)
A new process for the recovery of

very high purity solar salt with
in the field. The process is based on the
modification of the salt crystal
morphology in such a way that
agglomeration and consequently, the
impurity level in the salt are reduced
considerably. The heap washed salt
analyzed >99.5% NaCl with highly
reduced levels of calcium and sulphate
impurities hitherto not achieved in solar
salt production.
Real life
Cultivation and Processing of Economic Plants

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
Brief Technical
Scale of
Validation
38. A New Carvone Rich Mentha Longifolia

CSIR Indian Institute of Integrative
Medicine (IIIM)
A new Mentha variety Anant

Carvomint which is carvone rich. !Carvone essential oil is mainly obtained
from Mentha which is widely used in
flavouring of food, candy, chewing
gums, toothpastes, confectionary and
pharmaceutical preparations. The
essential oil of Anant Carvomint has
wider acceptability in the perfume
flavour and pharmaceutical industries,
as per evaluation by Indian
Essential oil Industry.
Real life
39. Agrotechnology of Gladiolus

CSIR - National Botanical Research
Institute (NBRI)
It is an important floral crop for the

cut-flower trade. Its magnificent spikes
in wide range of colours remain fresh for
a pretty long time and are very much
valued for making floral arrangements
for interior decoration.Its wide array of
colours and long vase life has made it
most sought after cut-flowers. The agrotechnology for commercial cultivation
for the plains has been passed on to the
1000 progressive farmers. Over 400 acres
of land is now under gladiolus
cultivation in and around Lucknow
based on the technology. Lucknow and
its adjoining districts has now become a
strong centre of commercial floriculture.
Real life
100
40. Ashwagandha Variety, CSIR NMITLI-118

CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and
Aromatic Plants (CIMAP)
A new Aswagandha variety

Ashwagandha CSIR NMITLI 118, the
molecules present in this variety have
anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritis and anti-stroke properties;
andThe root yield of the variety is about
15 Quintals per hectare under standard
agronomic and climatic conditions
approximately 75 kg seed yield per ha
under standard agronomic and climatic
conditions. Value of the Root Harvest:
Rs. 101,250 per hectare (at the current
rate of Rs. 75/kg and root yield
of 13.50 q/ha). Value of Seed Harvest
(common commercial rate-Rs. 55/kg)
Rs.5,500 per hectare.
Field level
41. High Menthofuran and Pulegone Containing

Genotype of Mentha Piperita CIM-Indus
A new variety of mentha called as

CIM- Indus. It contains Menthofuran
(3,6-dimethyl-4,5,6,7tetrahydrocoumarone) one of the major
constituents for aroma of the essential oil
extracted from the leaves of Mentha
piperita. As any other compound has
not duplicated the aroma effect,
menthofuran is important in the
formulation of certain synthesized
essential oils, such as peppermint oil.
Menthofuran is an expensive compound
of limited availability as the plants
produce 0 to 6% menthofuran (US Patent
PP11,788). The CIM-Indus yielded
about 72kg oil in two harvests in a year
having about 27% menthofuran content
and about 15% pulegone content.
Real life
42. Improved Agrotechnology and Plant Variety

CIM-Arogya for Production of Antimalarial
Drgu Plant Artemisia Annua
CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and
Artemisinin, derived from a plant Artemisia annua, is the only cure from
chloroquine resistant Plasmodium
falciparum. The demand of this drug is
on rice and currently not even 50% of the
drug demand is fulfilled mainly because
of unavailability of raw material. As a
result every year about a million people
lose their lives because of malaria.
Improved agro-technology of this plant
and genetically tagged superior variety
CIM-Arogya produces significantly
higher yield of artemisinin (upto about
1%) than any other variety developed
world-over. This genotype is first drug
yielding plant, developed through
molecular breeding.
Real life
101
43. Improved Agrotechnology and Plant Variety

Kosi for Production of Menthol Mint Oil
CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and
Per capita productivity of superior

variety `Kosi developed has enabled
farmers to take this crop as a bonus
between Rabi and Kharif.
Real life
Menthol mint (Mentha arvensis)

cultivated in more than 1.60 lakh
hectares land in the Indo-Gangetic
plains of North India and has emerged
as major industrial crop and therefore is
extremely popular among small farmers.
It is believed that over 3,00,000 farming
families grow this
crop regularly contributing 75-80%
global menthol mint oil produce
bringing them a profit of about Rs 75,000
per hectare in about 6 months (two
harvest). However, in transplanted
menthol mint crop a farmer can earn Rs
35,000 in about 3 months (one harvest).
India has attained global leadership in
production and supply of menthol mint
oil generating additional employment
opportunities to the extent of about 4
crores mandays per annum.
44. Insect resistant Bt-cotton technology

CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute (NBRI)
Developed technology for the first

time for transgenic cotton which
is resistant to Spodoptera litura and other
bollworms. Environmentally safe and
economically competitive alternative to
chemical pesticides. Cotton is a lead cash
crop in India, provides livelihood for
more than 60 Million people in India .The
area covered for cultivation of cotton is
around 9 million hectares, highest in the
world. However average yields in India is
319 Kg/Ha as compared to 603 Kg/Ha of
the world average. Major reason for low
productivity is that cotton is highly
susceptible to insects. Nearly half of the
total pesticide used in crops is used for
cotton which amounts approximately
Rs.12 Billion/Year.
Pilot scale
45. Java Citronella

Technology (NEIST)
This Java Citronella (Cymbopogon

winterianus) is high oil yielding
variety of aromatic plant and extensively
used in perfumery industry as an
important source of high aroma. This
suitable for wasteland/barren land or
where jhum or shifting cultivation is
practiced.
Real life
102
46. Mushroom Cultivation

Technology (NEIST)
Developed cultivation process and

technology for edible mushroom as
well as spawn production
technology. Mushroom is a protein
rich in amino acids, minerals and
vitamins favored by people
throughout the world.
Mushroom has turned out to be an
ideal choice for societal
development of NE as the climatic
condition favour its growth and
also there is huge demand in NE
itself. It has proved to be a
successful venture as it requires
low investment and minimal land.
The target groups for possible
beneficiaries are urban and rural
poor, women, SHGs and
unemployed youths. Prior to CSIR
effort there was no mushroom
cultivation activity in the NE India.
Real life
47. Plant growth promoting microbial inoculants

CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI)
Identified novel microbes

Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Bacillus
and Trichod-erma, have the ability
to control phytop-athogenic fungi,
promote plant growth, tolerance
for abiotic stresses, and solubilize
phosphate even under abiotic
stress conditions.
Real life
The products are useful as plant

growth enhancer and biofungicide
for seed, soil and foliar
applications, such as it promotes
plant growth, ensures uniformity
of plant germination, development
and maturity, successfully
competes with resident microbial
populations, enhances plant
beneficial microbes in the
rhizosphere, compete with disease
causing microbes. The composition
is very durable therefore can be
stored for at least 1 year due to the
stabilization process of the
microbes for its longevity.
103
48. Seawater-based Indigenous Potash Technology

A novel integrated process

for the recovery of Recovery of
sulphate of potash fertilizer
(SOP) from bittern through
an economic route.
India has no traditional resources
of potassium and the total
requirement of about 3-4 million
ton of potash is met through
imports every year. The Bitterns
are rich source of Potash in the
country. Besides this, a vast
quantity of natural bittern is
available in Greater Rann of
Kutch (GRK) due to natural
inundation and evaporation.
If potash recovery is delinked
from salt productionas would
be the case in the Greater Rann of
Kutchit may be possible to even
meet the entire requirement of
potash in the country. It has the
lowest salt index and is virtually
free of chloride, which
makes it a superior fertilizer to
muriate of potash.
49. Sweet Smelling Peppermint Genotype

CIM-Madhuras
104
A new variety of Mentha piperita

(Peppermint) by the name of CIMMathuras. It produces
characteristic
essential oil having medicinal,
therapeutic and beverage
properties.
The evaluation trial
of CIM-Madhuras
conducted in the
farmers field
near Lucknow
indicated the estimated
oil yield of 107 kg
based on the data
of two harvests
in a year/per ha.
Real life
Drinking Water
S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
Brief Technical
Scale of
Validation
1.
Animal Powered Device for Brackish Water

Desalination
A unique water desalination

system, which uses animal
energy to energize
the high-pressure pump to effect
brackish water desalting by RO
process. Water desalination
system having animal power as
prime mover consists of speed
increaser, high-pressure pump
and membrane modules. The
above system can produce 300-500
LPH product water for feed water
TDS (total dissolved solids) in the
range 3000-5000 ppm.
The output shaft is coupled to the
crankshaft of the reciprocating
high-pressure pump, which
discharges 1200 LPH feed water.
Harmful elements such as
fluoride, arsenic, nitrate and
heavy metals are simultaneously
removed along with other salts
during the desalination process
and the permeate water is also
free from bacteria.
Real life
2.
Chemo-defluoridation process with unit for

removal of excess Fluoride from Water
CSIR - National Environmental Engineering
Research Institute(NEERI)
A Chemo-defluoridation
process/ unit for removal
of excess fluoride:
Useful at domestic as well as
community level
Bench scale
Chemicals are provided in

sachets
Water is palatable after
treatment of fluoride
pH of treated water does not
decrease
Can treat water upto 20 mg/L
fluoride
Sludge itself acts as adsorption
media for removal of fluoride
No need of sludge treatment for
disposal
Leaching of fluoride under
normal atmospheric conditions <
0.1 mg/L
105
3.
Development of Cost Effective Mine Water

Reclamation Technology for Safe Drinking Water
CSIR - National Metallurgical Laboratory(NML)
The coal mine water reclamation

technology treats the coal mine
water and make it suitable for the
purpose of drinking.
Pilot scale
The process in principle has three

modules. In the first, the suspended
particulate matters, some of which are
also colloidal in nature, are removed.
The second module removes the
dissolve matters while in the third
step microbiological contaminations
are removed.
4.
Electrochemical Defluoridation of Drinking Water

CSIR Central Electrochemical
Research Institute
The removal of fluoride in drinking

water is done through an
electrochemical cell.
Bench scale
The technique is suitable for treating

water-containing floride upto 5 ppm.
The total system is simple for
operation and maintenance. It does
not affect the other parameters of
water quality. It does not involve
addition of any chemical and has unit
operations such as settling and
clarifying as in conventional chemical
precipitation.
Technique for scale of 200 L/h
capacity is available and can be
scaled up to any capacity and to any
level of fluoride.
5.
Instrumented RO Plant
Research Institute and Central Electronics
Engineering Research Institute
Instrumented RO water Plant

suitable for villages where the
source of water contains fluoride,
arsenic bacterial contamination
and brackish
Provide 40,000 liters safe drinking
water daily
Online monitors critical parameters
of water
Indigenous low cost PC/Embedded
technology
Records history of TDS and
important parameters
Predicts of cleaning time
Predicts of Healthiness of
membrane
Automated operation
Remotely monitors via Internet
106
Pilot scale
6.
Membrane Technologies (Ultra-Filtration

and Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis
Membrane) for Desalination and Water Purification
Thin Film Composite (TFC) Reverse

Osmosis Membrane:
It removes salinity (94-96%) and
other harmful contaminants like
hardness, fluoride, nitrate, arsenic,
etc, from water
Potable water having < 500 ppm TDS
can be obtained from brackish water
(up to 7000 ppm salinity) and sea
water (30000-40000 ppm salinity)
Real life
Ultra-filtration Membranes:
The low fouling flat sheet & hollow
fiber UF membranes having cut off
values of 35-150 KDa using
indigenous raw materials.
Removes harmful pathogens,
turbidity and colloidal materials
from drinking water
Can operate at very low
pressure (<25 psi) and requires
low energy with very
high recovery (up to 90%)
7.
Neeri - Zar
Research Institute (NEERI)
It is 20 L/h portable instant water

filter. It is simple to fabricate,
easy to operate and requires
minimum maintenance.
Pilot scale
After disinfection with

NEERI - ZAR the water becomes
free from contami-nation, however,
without sacrificing the dissolved
mineral concentrations of the water.
100 units were installed in the flood
affected remote areas of Barmer
District in October 2006 to convert the
turbid and contaminated rainwater
into potable water.
8.
Phytorid Wastewater Treatment

Less dusting (minimum inhalation

with fingers stay clean)
Smooth writing
Real life
More writing per length of chalk

Good visibility
Less breakage
Good visibility,
107
9.
Removal of Arsenic and Iron from Ground Water

by Ceramic Membrane
CSIR Central Glass & Ceramic Research
Institute (CGCRI)
10. Terafil Water Purification Technology

CSIR Institute of Minerals and Materials
Technology (IMMT)
This technology helps in simultaneous

removal of arsenic and iron from
contaminated ground water.
The technology is capable of
treating ground water containing
higher concen-tration of arsenic
(up to 2.7 ppm) and iron
(up to 13 ppm).
Pilot scale
It is a low cost and highly efficient

water filtration media for purification
of impure turbid raw water into clean
drinking water at minimal cost.
Real life
Terafil disc can also be fitted with any

domestic container to make a water
filter, for which poorest of poor can
afford Terafil water filter. Therefore
cost of product water is below Rs.2 per
ton, considering total cost of Terafil
filter/plant.
Trained manpower, without any
specific expertise, can produce Terafil
water filtration disc in any part of the
country. Local masons and sanitary
marts can install the community.
Information and Communication Technologies

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
11. Computer Design Packages of Structural Elements

Centre (SERC)
108
Brief Technical
A computer design package of
structure elements. It consists of total
of 23 soft-ware packages, covering
design and analysis. It has facility for
interactive design of RC components
(slabs, beams, columns, isolated
footings, combined footings, strip
footings and flat slabs). The package
also carries out interactive analysis of
pin-jointed 2-D and 3-D truss system,
plane rigid jointed 2-D frames, grids of
various patterns, 3-D rigid jointed
space frames, folded plate structures,
cylindrical shell analysis, 2-D, 3-D
trusses, 2-D frames and grids. More
than 550 load modules have been
released to nearly 150 users/clients.
Scale of
Validation
Real life
Real life
12. Computer-aided Analysis and Design of Ships

and Ship Structures
Centre (SERC)
It is an integrated software system for

analysis and design of bulk carriers,
containers, or container oriented
cargo vessels. The system consists of
two packages: Ship design package
consisting of 9 basic programs dealing
with naval architectural design,
developed by HSL; and structural
design package consisting of 9
programs dealing with analysis and
design of ship hull structures. The
software licensed to Hindustan
Shipyard Limited, Visakhapatnam.
Real life
13. Database Management System for Integrated

Control of Bancroftian Filariasis
CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology (IICT)
The developed database management

system has facility for integrated
control of Bancroftian Filariasis
in the rural endemic areas of
East and West Godavari Districts
of A.P. The database has been
created with VISUAL BASIC
as front end and MICROSOFT
ACCESS as back end so
as to enable new entries also.
Bench scale
14. Forecast Model for Control of Vector

Borne Diseases
CSIRIndian Institute of Chemical
Technology (IICT)
The developed forecast model has

ability to predict outbreak of vector
borne diseases like Malaria,
Japanese encephalitis etc.
in rural endemic areas.
Bench scale
The software has been written using

Java language, so it is platform-free,
versatile and can be used on most of
the computers. The software has
automatic alerting system and ability
to take necessary control measures.
The information can be sent to the
concerned authorities also through
Internet or virtual private network with
an ordinary dial-up connection.
15. Multi-scale, multi-model Forecast Platform
for Monsoon and Crop Yield
CSIR National Aerospace Laboratories
(NAL) and CSIR Centre for Mathematical
Modelling and Computer Simulation (C-MMACS)
A forecast platform for forecasting of

meteorological and surface variables
like rainfall, wind, surface air temperature and soil moisture. The use of
multiple models allows reduction of
uncer-tainty and enhancement of
scope of forecasts.
Bench scale
109
This is one of the most sophisticated

forecast platforms in the world,
with in-house algorithms, computing
platform and data. Novel
methodologies develo-ped at CMMACS has shown capability to
enhance lead and accuracy of
monsoon forecasting; new
algorithm and code have been
developed and integrated to
enhance the scope of the forecast
from rainfall to germination to crop
yield. The Varsha GCM engineered
at NAL has been tested over the
years for monsoon and cyclone
prediction.
16. Samadhan Kendra
CSIRIndian Institute of Chemical
Technology (IICT)
The developed Samadhan Kendra

provides information about
Agriculture, Health schemes, and
other need based information
required by the village populace.
The database has been created
with JAVA as front end and
MICROSOFT ACCESS as
back end so as to enable new
entries also.
Bench scale
Energy
S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
17. Cement Polymer Composite Coating System

Institute (CECRI)
Brief Technical
A cement polymer composite coating
system which is suitable for providing
protective coating to rebar in the construction industry. It consists of a primer
and a sealing coat. Being cement based
system; it is having a more
compatibility and alkaline resistance
with the surrounding concrete.
By implementing this technology, the
service life of concrete structures can
be increased at least by a factor of 10
times and thus saves material and life.
110
Scale of
Validation
Real life
18. Clean Bioprocess for Quality Coir Fibre Production

& Energy Recovery
Science and Technology (NIST)
A clean bioprocess for the extraction

of quality coir fibre from coconut husk.
This method carries out separation of
fibres from their matrices by
enzymatic cleaving of cementing
compounds with in situ microbial
growth and enzyme production.
This bioprocess not only converts all
the organic pollutants emanated from
the extraction process to methane, but
also facilitates its recovery as an
Energy Source. Collection of methane
is possible without expensive gas tight
covering of the retting tanks. This
bioprocess can also be used for
processing of natural fibres like jute,
banana and pineapple leaf.
Real life
19. Energy Efficient Multi-fuel and Biomass

Cook Stoves
Technology (IMMT)
A range of multi-fuel & biomass cook

stoves to conserve rural energy,
reduce pollution & green house gas as
well as reduce drudgery of women &
children in the country.
Real life
Nearly 3 million multi-fuel and biomass

improved cook stoves have been
distributed in Orissa and other parts of
the country under National
Programme of Improved Chulha of
MNRE, Govt. of India.
Thermal efficiency of these stoves is
more than 25%. These stoves reduce
nearly 75% pollution & green house
gas as well as more than 40% fuel
consum-ption for cooking in rural
sector.
20. Fuel Efficient Domestic Cooking and
Lighting Appliances
CSIR Indian Institute of Petroleum (IIP)
Kerosene wick stove: Improved design

kerosene multi wick stove (non
pressure
type) to increase its heat output and
thermal efficiency. It is popularly
known as Nutan Large stove. By use
of the improved design stoves, about
25 to 30% fuel can be saved.
Bench scale
Kerosene pressure stove: A kerosene

pressure stove (offset burner type)
with 60% plus thermal efficiency as
against 53% in case of conventional
stoves of this type. About 10-15% fuel
saving can be achieved.
111
Fuel efficient LPG stove: An improved

LPG stove having thermal efficiency of
70%. Fuel saving nearly 10% can be
achieved in case of improved LPG
stove. The design know-how of this
stove has been given to 79
entrepreneurs in the country for its
commercial production.
Deva lamp: Deva lamp is a very simple
type of lighting appliance commonly
used in rural areas. Its design has
been improved to increase luminous
intensity and luminous efficiency. The
improved deva lamp with the
attachment device, results in increase
in non-smoking flame height and
luminous intensity in comparison to
conventional deva lamp.
Hurricane lantern: Improved design of
hurricane lantern to increase its
luminous intensity, luminous efficiency
and better hurricane proofness.
Various parameters in burner and
other parts of the lantern have been
modified / optimised to achieve these
improvements.
Table lamp: Design of flat wick (nonpressure type) table lamp has been
improved to increase its luminous
intensity and luminous efficiency.
These appliances have been designed
for maximum output. The most
economical release of light can be
achieved when lighting appliances are
operated at 70 to 80% of maximum
smoke free flame height.
21. NALSUN Cost-Effective Solar Coating for
Solar Thermal Applications
CSIR National Aerospace Laboratory (NAL)
112
NALSUN coatings are nanocomposite

coatings having excellent optical properties (high absorptance & low emittance) with a service life of 25 years for
water heating applications.
operable at room temperature,
requires normal plating current
densities,
good shelf-life, simple bath control
and maintenance,
good covering power-requires no
nickel undercoat on copper
cost effective process
transferred to 26 entrepreneurs
across the country
Real life
22. Salicornia Oil

CSIR Central Salt and Marine
Chemicals Research Institute (CSMCRI)
A process for densification of the

natural habitat of Salicornia
brachiata.
Over 100 hectare of densification
has been undertaken since 2005
Real life
23. Self Sustained 1 Kw Polymer Electrolyte

Portable Fuel Cell System
Institute (CECRI)
An alternate source of power

generation has been developed
through self sustained 30 cell 1kW air
cooled PEFC stack, which has been
integrated with necess-ary controls
and electronic circuit for operation on
Hydrogen.
Real life
This system has several disadvantages

such as high emissions, transmission
losses, long lead time for plant constructions, and large and long term financing
requirements.
24. Solar Pond Power Plant

CSIR National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)
Indias first fully indigenous solar

thermal power plant Solar Pond
established in collaboration with
Electricity Department, Puducherry
Government and the Puducherry
Engineering College.
Pilot scale
The salinity-gradient 500 m2 solar pond

is a large area non-tracking solar
energy collector, which combines, the
collector and energy storage
functions. The average solar radiation
incident over India is about 5-6 kWh/
m2 per day. Hence, the 12.5 kWe/500 m2
solar pond power plant can operate for
typically one hour per day.
Planning is underway to scale up the
system to a 50 kWe/6000m2 solar pond
power plant.
113
25. Solar Powered Electric Motor Assisted Rickshaw

(SOLECKSHAW)
CSIR - Central Mechanical Engineering
Research Institute (CMERI)
A solar powered motor assisted

tricycle (SOLECKSHAW) which is an
eco friendly tricycle. It is driven partly
by pedal and partly by electric power
supplied by a battery that is charged
from solar energy. An override
mechanism has been used at the
center of rear axle; resulting in proper
turning and better dynamic stability of
the vehicle. Its power source is solar
energy, which eliminates the problem
of environment pollution that lies with
other automobile.
Pilot scale
This vehicle provides driving comfort

to the driver and can run for longer
distances compared to manual driven
cycle rickshaws, resulting in higher
earning of rickshaw pullers.
Further, it reduces the drudgery of
Rickshaw pullers, who are prone to TB,
due to heavy manual effort required
for normal rickshaw. As a whole this
SOLECKSHAW is one of the best
vehicles of tomorrow for the
congested downtown transport.
Environment Related Technologies

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
26. Atmospheric CO2 Measurement and Modeling

CSIR - CSIR Centre for Mathematical Modelling
and Computer Simulation (C-MMCS)
114
Brief Technical
A facility to estimate CO2 fluxes over
the globe through high precision
measurement of CO 2 concentrations.
Scale of
Validation
Bench scale
27. Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

A small Autonomous Underwater

Vehicle (AUV), for operations up to a
depth of 200 meters. It has a weight of
54 kilograms, length of 1.7 meters and
hull diameter 0.23 meters.
The AUV can receive commands from
the shore over a high-speed radio link.
Data download from the AUV is done
over the same link. Underwater
navigation is achieved with the help of
a Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) to
measure speed and a navigation filter
that estimates its position below sea
surface. Surface navigation is based
on GPS (Global Positioning System).
The AUV gets its energy for the
propulsion and electronics from two
banks of lithium polymer batteries.
Bench scale
28. Autonomous Vertical Profiler

CSIR National Institute of
Oceanography (NIO)
The Autonomous Vertical Profiler

(AVP) is a propelled robot vehicle that
traverses the water column vertically
while sensing and storing the vertical
structure of water column properties.
Bench scale
It can descend at variable speeds to a

given depth set by the user. It ramps
down the motor thrust, reaching zero
velocity at a desired depth layer above
the sea bed. Being positively buoyant
for safety purposes, it ascends
relatively slowly to the sea surface
without power. In order to locate the
profiler after it breaks surface, the AVP
transmits its GPS (Global Positioning
System) coordinates via RF or through
a satellite modem. A low frequency
acoustic pinger is strapped to the hull
as an extra safety device.
29. Biodiesel from Jatropha Curcas
(Ratanjyot) Seeds
A cost-effective process for

preparation of Biodiesel
from the oil expelled from
the seeds of jatropha curcas.
The seeds are crushed in mechanical
screw type expeller. The oil cake
produced on expelling oil is being
tested for its application as manure
and pesticides and encouraging results
have been obtained. The soap cake
produced is used for making washing
soap. The glycerol produced is
recovered. The biodiesel that is
produced using the process meets all
the norms of European specifications,
Pilot scale
115
EN 14214. 1000 litres per day zero

effluent Jatropha biodiesel plant set up
at DRDO Military Farm,
Secunderabad.
30. Chemo Autotrophic Activated Carbon Oxidation
(CAACO) for Treatment of Wastewater
CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
This technology removes dissolved

organics from wastewater without
generation of sludge and with low
input electrical energy.
CAACO technology has been implemented for the treatment of wastewater
discharged from domestic and
industrial sectors such as leather,
textile, chemical, pharmaceutical, food
etc. Implemented at more than 80
installations with a capacity ranging
from a volume of 10 m3/day to 2500 m3/
day in India and abroad.
Real life
31. Fenton Activated Carbon Catalytic Oxidation

(FACCO) for the treatment of Wastewater
Containing Refractory COD and High TDS
CSIR - Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI)
FACCO technology developed

employs Iron impregnated
mesoporous activated carbon.
Hydrogen peroxide is applied as the inducer of hydroxyl radical
and the production of hydroxyl radical
is sustained from molecular oxygen,
abstracted from air. This facilitates the
oxidation of refractory organics in
wastewater at low detention period.
FACCO technology has been implemented for the treatment of wastewater
discharged from industrial sector such
as leather, textile, chemical, pharmaceutical, food etc. The technology has
been implemented in more than 10
installations with a capacity ranging
from a volume of 10 m3/day to 15000
m3/day in India.
Real life
32. Herbal Dry Colours (Herbal Holi Gulal) and Herbal

Colours for Rangoli
CSIR - National Botanical Research
Institute (NBRI)
Hebal dry colours and herbal colours

do not have any side effects on health,
therefore they do not create eye irritation, allergies, skin damage,
respiratory problems.
Real life
Herbal gulal has soft, nontoxic and

supple touch with good sticking
capacities to skin. It is also perfumed
with essential oils.
116
33. Plastic Waste Sorting System for Recycling

of PET Materials
CSIR Central Electronics Engineering
Research Institute (CECRI)
First of its kind in India, the

developed laboratory prototype
sorts disposed consumer plastic
packaging wastes moving on a
conveyor belt.
Lab scale
System throughput: 200 kg/hour &

upgradeable
Accuracy:PET material sorting close
to hundred percentile
Suitable for recovery and recycle
Helps in protecting the environment,
ecology and public health.
Transferred to an entrepreneur
34. Pollution free Lime Kiln

CSIRCentral Building Research Institute (CBRI)
A device for making lime kilns pollution

free. The existing lime kilns can also
install this device for controlling
pollution.
Real life
The device consists of double deck

packed bed scrubber cum
entrainment separator using lime
stone and reusable packing material.
The exhaust gases are fed at the
bottom of water scrubber and pollution
free gases are sucked through top of
the chimney using induced draft fan.
Power failure would not affect kiln
operation and it is suitable for
separation of particle size less
than 10 micron.
35. Wood Substitute Products from
CSIR Advanced Materials and Processes
Research Institute (AMPRI)
A Technology to utilize natural fibre

reinforced industrial wastes (red mud,
Fly Ash) as polymer composites to
make wood substitute products.
Pilot scale
The advantages of this technology are

room temperature processing and
high strength to weight ratio. The fire
properties such as fire ignitibility, fire
propagation Index and surface spread
has showed better performance than
the Teak wood.
The extent of absorption of water in
the wood is much higher (~ 20%) than
that of the industrial waste based
polymer composites (~1%) resulting in
better durability over teak wood and
the shelf life is expected to be more
than 20 years and moreover cost
effective.
117
Food and Agro Based Products

S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
36. Chilli Processing Plant

Science and Technology (NIIST)
Brief Technical
The Byadgi Chilli, which is known for its
high colour is currently processed in
the traditional manner which result in
loss of carotenoids during the sun
drying operation.
Scale of
Validation
Pilot scale
The new process developed employs a

fluid bed drier for bringing down the
moisture to acceptable levels of fresh
chilli hygienically. The resulting end
product will have a 10% increase in
colour value when compared to the
conventionally processed raw
material.
All the machineries are interlocked
and the manpower requirements are
marginal. High pressure steam is used
as the heating medium and the plant is
engineered to ensure high thermal
efficiency.
37. Cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii Seaweed
A new form of agriculture in form of

Cultivation of Kappaphycus alvarezii
seaweed.
Suitable for income enhancement.
Real life
38. Energy Food

Research Institute (CFTRI)
Energy Food, is a ready to eat food

and does not need cooking at the point
of distribution.
Real life
This energy food provides 15 gm of

protein, 360 kcal of energy and one
third RDA of vitamins and minerals per
100 gm. It is an Amylase-rich energy
food, containing malted cereals, is a
supplementary food.
The food contains wheat, Bengal gram
dhal and defatted protein-rich oilseed
meals. It is a weaning-cum- nutrition
food for children and suitable for
pregnant women as well.
The process has been commercialized
and a number of production units are
in operation throughout the country.
118
39. Extraction of Palm Oil from Oil Palm Fresh

Fruit Bunches (FFB)
Science and Technology
The process efficiency and product

quality are comparable with international standards.
Unlike other oils, palm oil
is taken from the fresh fruit and hence
the extraction process involves many
unit operations. Moreover the fruits
have to be processed within 24 hours
from harvest and during harvest the
damage to the fruit has to be minimal
otherwise the oil quality will be bad.
This necessitates captive process unit
for oil palm plantation. The developed
plant is suitable for the purpose. It is
available in two capacities 2.5
expandable to 5.0 ton and 5.0 ton
expandable to 10.0 ton.
Plant technology has been commercialized.
40. Gluconate salts of

and Ba Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Ca, Na
CSIR Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine
An eco-friendly fermentation process

for the production of these salts. The
technology is non-polluting, and cost
effective.
Real life
Gluconate salts of Iron, Mangenese,

Magenesium, Zinc, Calcium, and
Barium are used as the mineral
supplements in humans and also as
micronutrient in formulations for
nutrient deficient soils.
This technology has been
demonstrated and transferred.
41. Grain Moisture Meter
CSIRCentral Scientific Instruments Organisation
The Grain Moisture Meter (Digital

Automatic Moisture Computer)
developed by CSIO is based on
capacitance variation technique which
converts moisture changes into
dielectric constant variation. The
instrument is portable & rugged and
directly measures percentage of
moisture in grains.
Real life
Moisture plays a significant role in the

procurement, storage and processing
of food grains. Under practical storage
conditions, moisture content is the
principal governing factor to maintain
their quality.
119
42. Improved Design for

Jaggery Furnace Gur Bhatti
CSIR Indian Institute of Petroleum
reduces fuel (bagasse) consumption

reduces chimney exhaust smoke
increase furnace life
Real life
43. Iodine Value Meter

An easy to operate portable and low

cost, iodine number meter. It has
ability to give reproducible results; the
cost of analysis becomes very low.
Real life
Iodine Number is the most valuable

parameter for differentiating or
identifying oils and readily serves to
indicate the group to which the oil
belongs. Presently, Iodine Number is
being determined using wet chemical
analysis in which number of reagents,
glasswares, chemical laboratory and
analytical chemist is required.
44. Low-cost Fish Feed Based on Agro by-product
& Food Industry Wastes
Research Institute
It is a low-cost and nutritionally

balanced fish feed. The field trial
exhibited over 100 percent increased
growth with the low-cost fish feed over
those fed by traditional feed. The
fecundity (number of matured eggs) of
the female fish, grown on low-cost
feed also increased by 11 % as
compared to those fed by conventional
feed. A field level demonstration was
conducted for State Fisheries
Department on matured commercially
important fish (Indian major carps) for
two months, prior to breeding.
Pilot scale
45. Oil Spectrophotometer

The Oil Spectrophotometer developed

is based on Beer-Lambert law using
specific colour developing reagents for
each element.
Real life
120
The Oil Spectrophotometer is an

integrated system for determination of
metallic impurities in edible oils and
inorganic phosphate-phosphorus. The
salient features of the instrument are:
Low cost & portable, direct display of
concentration in ppm, stable and
dedicated reagents, no standards
required for calibration, reproducible
results, accuracy 0.02 ppm for metal
ion, 0.005 ppm for inorganic
phosphate.
46. Protein Biscuits
Research Institute
The High protein biscuits are useful to

combat malnutrition, and the
production of these biscuits can be
adopted by the existing units. The
biscuits can be used in the nutrition
supplement progra-mmes of State/
Central Governments.
Pilot scale
47. Rice Bran Oil

CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
The developed process helps in produc

tion of high quality rice bran oil. It is
biotechnology-based & environmentfriendly process. The process does not
eliminate the nutritional components
of the refined oil. Technology
Transferred to 27 Industries (@50TPD)
Covering 9 States.
Real life
48. Spirulina
Research Institute
Spirulina is a simple Cyanobacterium

(blue green algae) that grows naturally
in fresh water. It has been effectively
promoted as a natural health and
slimming food in the market.
Real life
As a natural package of proteins,

vitamins and minerals, Spirulina is
extremely popular as a health food,
without any side effects, and non
habit-forming. Since Spirulina provides
all the essential nutrition without
excess calories and fats, those wanting
to control obesity take Spirulina
tablets. The process has been
commercialized.
121
49. White Pepper Production from Green and

Black Pepper
Science & Technology
The white pepper obtained from

fermentative decortication of green
pepper is brilliant creamy white, has
no extraneous matters. The white
pepper from black pepper also has
better colour, less than 2 % light
berries and no extraneous matter
compared to commercial grade white
pepper.
Real life
50. X-ray Imaging based Mango Sorting System

CSIR Central Electronics Engineering
Research Institute
A non-destructive indigenous
technology employing X-ray
imaging.
Real life
The X-ray scanned mangoes are

safe for consumption without any
health hazards.
Detects internal defects like spongy
tissue and seed weevil in postharvested mangoes. Defect
detection accuracy is about 95%.
X-ray imaging system integrated
with mechanical feeding conveyor,
rejection assembly, software and
hardware modules.
On-line grading and sorting of 3600
mangoes per hour approximately
(about one ton per hour) on prototype
model.
Technology transferred.
Science Communication
S.
No.
Technology/Product/
Laboratory
51. Science Journals and Magazines

CSIR - National Institute of Science
Communication and Information
Resources (NISCAIR)
122
Brief Technical
Publishes 19 reputed research journals
covering all fields of Science and
Technology.For school students,
popular science magazines are also
published which are very wellcirculated. These magazines contain
valuable information for science
students and therefore have relevance
for all states of India.
Scale of
Validation
Pilot scale
Indian Council of
Agriculture Research
Indian Council of Agriculture Research

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) for higher
productivity and profitability
Major Cropping system
INM technology
Maize based cropping systems
Apply 50% recommended NPK as fertilizer and 50% of N as FYM in maize and
100% of recommended NPK as fertilizer in wheat.
Soybeanwheat
For 2 t soybean and 3.5 t wheat, 8 t FYM/ha to soybean and 60kg N+11 kg P/ha to
wheat or 4 t FYM + 10 kg N+ 11 kg P/ha to soybean and 90 kg N+22 kg P/ha to
wheat.
Pulses
Integrated use of FYM at 2.5 t/ha and 50% recommended NPK fertilizers plus
rhizobium inoculation helps in saving of 50% chemical fertilizers.
Sorghum based cropping system
Substitute 60 kg N through FYM or green Leuceana leaucocephala loppings to get

higher yields and FUE.
Cotton
50% of recommended NPK can be replaced by 5 t FYM/ha.
Oil seeds (Mustard, sunflower etc.)
Substitute 25-50% of chemical fertilizer through 10 t FYM/ha to get higher yield

and FUE.
Rice wheat
Green manuring of rice with sunnhemp equivalent to 90 kg N/ha along with 40 kg

N/ha produces yield equivalent to 120 kg N/ha. In an acid Alfisol, incorporation
of lantana camara 10-15 days before transplanting of rice helps to increase the
N use efficiency. Application of 75% NPK + 25% NPK through green manure or
FYM at 6 t/ha to rice and 75% NPK to wheat. Inoculation of BGA @ 10kg/ha
provides about 20-30 kg N/ha.
Rice rice
Use of organic sources, such as FYM, compost, green manure, azolla etc. meet
25-50% of N needs in kharif rice and can help curtailing NPK fertilizers by 25-50%.
Application of 75% NPK + 25% NPK through green manure or FYM at 6 t/ha to
kharif rice and 75% NPK to rabi rice. A successful inoculation of blue green algae
@ 10 kg/ha provides about 20-30 kg N/ha.
Rice-potato-groundnut
Use 75% NPK with 10 t FYM/ha in rice and potato.
Sugarcane based cropping systems
Combined use of 10 t FYM/ha and recommended NPK increases the cane

productivity by 8-12 t/ha over chemical fertilizer alone.
125
Promoting Fertigation and Water Soluble / Speciality Fertilizers
Fertigation increasing nutrient use efficiency by 40% to be popularized for fruits, vegetables, flowers
and plantation crops.
Hold great promise as micro-irrigation to be expanded on 69 m ha in subsequent plan periods
The fully water soluble fertilizers are costly due to heavy custom duty & sales tax besides higher
initial cost.
Need to be manufactured in India and brought under FCO 1985.
Amelioration of Acid Soils
About 12 m ha of arable acid soils with pH<5.5 have low

nutrient use efficiency and crop productivity
Liming @ 2-4q/ha in furrows at the time of sowing

alongwith half of recommended dose of fertilizers
doubles the productivity of crops, especially of pulses
and oilseeds
Manually Operated 4-Row Sprouted Rice Seeder
126
Application / Use
Row seeding of
sprouted rice
Output/ capacity
0.08 ha/h
Unit cost
Rs. 2000/-
Plant Protection
Various diagnostic protocols and diagnostic kits were developed for

different crops :
-
Integrated Management of basal stem rot diseases of areca nut
Integrated management of bud rot diseases of coconut
Diagnostic kit for Tristeza virus in citrus
Diagnostic kit for downy mildew of grapes
Diagnostic kit for virus infecting black pepper
Simultaneous detection of three banana viruses
Animal Science TTechnologies

echnologies
Animal Health
DEGCURE mixture for treating selenium toxicity in animals.
Herbal drug for skin diseases including fungal diseases and wounds
Diagnostic kits for foot and mouth disease/surveillance and also for other major diseases of livestock
and poultry.
Pentavalent vaccine for Blue Tongue disease of sheep
Other kits
Detection of adulteration in milk
SIL
O FFeed
eed from Tuna Processing W
aste W
aste
SILO
Waste
Waste
Waste generated during processing of tuna fish can be converted into a liquid protein source for
animal feed. It is available under the brand name of SILO feed.
127
Up scalable technologies for enhanced livelihood in

selected disadvantaged districts
Rice Fish Poultry farming system in TN and Assam
*Successful introduction of SRI method in rice cultivation
*Model water harvesting structures for drought alleviation and increased cropping intensity
Production and processing of linseed in Maharashtra
Kharif Ground nut cultivation for West Bengal
Up land fallows for cultivation of maize in Bastar Region
*HDPE pipes for increasing water use efficiency and increased area under irrigation
Successful introduction of leguminous crops in compact blocks in UP from participatory protection

to check blue bull menace and improving soil health as well as for enriched food nutrition of
villagers
*Cultivation of in-situ Azola for protein source in poultry feed
*Ram lamb rearing as a livelihood option
*Ornamental fish unit, Mushroom cultivation for income generation
Lac cultivation in MP, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand

Note: * Applicable in other states also.
Tiger shrimp farming in saline affected areas

In India, around 6.1 million hectare area is badly affected with salinity problem and 1.93 lakh km2
areas are underlain with saline water. Tiger shrimp farming is limited to coastal states in India in
brackishwater. Now shrimp can be farmed in inland saline lands using underlying saline water in the
north-western areas of the country. Thus utilization of waste saline lands and ground saline water may
be a profitable venture.
Production
An average production of 650 kg/ha at stocking density 4.4 PL/ha has been obtained in four month
period. Farmers whose lands have been badly affected with salinity, agro-industries, NGOs, SHGs,
and unemployed youth may adopt this technology.
128
TECHNOL
OG
Y FOR MARICUL
TURE
TECHNOLOG
OGY
MARICULTURE
Open sea cage culture
Trial details at Balasore , Orissa
Total no. fish stocked in cage
4357
Fish species stocked
Asian seabass
Date of stocking
January 2009
ABW at the stocking time
22.5 g
ABL at the stocking time
86 mm
Date of harvest
10th Nov. 2009
Total Nos. harvested
3472
Survival
79.6%
Total harvested fish wt.
3032 kg
Length range of fish (cms)
20.30- 48.20
Weight range (kg.)
0.45-1.30
Cost of production (Rs. Kg.)
94.24
Price realised from sale of fish (Rs. Kg.)
189.90
Gross revenue from 3032 kg
Rs. 575,760
Net Income
Rs. 2,90,000
TECHNOL
OG
Y FOR INL
AND AQU
ACUL
TURE
TECHNOLOG
OGY
INLAND
AQUACUL
ACULTURE
Carp seed production
Carp seed is produced by induced
breeding technology for producing
good quality seed in sufficient
quantity.
Input
: Facilities
for
broodstock (Catla,
rohu & mrigal)
rearing, hatchery components like spawning pool, hatching pool, overhead tank,
water supply and drainage systems.
Output capacity : 50 million carp seed

Unit cost
: About Rs. 5.00 lakh
129
Genetically Improved Rohu (Jayanti)production

Genetically improved Rohu (Labeo rohita),developed
through selective breeding programme. Average 17%
higher growth realized through selection (presently in 5th
generation).
Input
Inducing agent, broodfish, hatchery.
Output capacity :
70,000-80,000 spawn/kg female; 68 t/ha (table size fish)
Unit cost
Rs. 500/- per lakh spawn; Rs. 40/kg (table size fish)
TECHNOL
OG
Y FOR INL
AND AQU
ACUL
TURE
TECHNOLOG
OGY
INLAND
AQUACUL
ACULTURE
Seed production of Cat fish (Clarias batrachus)
Administration of hormones like
carp pituitary extract (30-40 mg/kg),
HCG (4000 IU/kg) and Ovaprim or
Ovatide (0.6-0.8 ml/kg). Stripping
after 14-17 h and artificial fertilization
through
sperm
suspension.
Incubation of the fertilized eggs in a
flow-through hatchery. Water
exchange, and high protein diet.
Larval rearing in indoor rearing tanks
fed with live plankton.
Input
: Brood fish, inducing agent, hatchery, feed, fertilizer.
Output capacity : 1000-2000 advanced fry/100 g female

Unit cost
: Rs. 600/- per 1000 advanced fry
Portable Carp Hatchery

The breeding pool 2.15 m diameter, 0.9 m height and 3409 1 volume. The bottom can accommodate
10-12 kg of carps for breeding. The hatching tank with 1.40 m dia and 0.98 m height has the capacity
for hatching 10 lakhs eggs per operation. Rectangular tank of size 1.0 x 0.5 x 0.5m with capacity 250 l
is used as egg/spawn collection tank.
Input
: Breeding pool, hatching tank, egg/spawn collection tank, PVC pipe
Output capacity : 7-8 lakhs spawn/hatchery

Unit Cost
130
: Rs. 70,000
TECHNOL
OG
Y FOR COAST
AL AQU
ACUL
TURE
TECHNOLOG
OGY
COASTAL
AQUACUL
ACULTURE
Asian Seabass ( Lates calcarifer
calcarifer)) seed production
Fish in the size group of 1.0 to 5.0 kg Used as broodstock.
,after attaining maturity,are induced to spawn under through
intramuscular administration of the hormone LHRH. Fry
reared for 15 days, transferred to nursery hapas or tanks to
rear fingerlings stage in 30 days. Input : Land, buildings,
tanks, air blowers, generator, biological filters, Pressure sand
filters, UV filters, Cartridge filters, seawater/freshwater facilities
(including pipe lines), microscopes, heaters and thermostat,
refract meter, pH meter, manpower, broodstock, feed, fertilizers
and chemicals. Hormones LHRH-a, Electricity, fuel, nets, plastic
wares, glass wares. Etc. Output capacity :The output capacity can be
increased/reduced as per the capacity of entrepreneurs. Unit
cost: The production cost of seed: Rs. 1.24/piece
TECHNOL
OG
Y FOR COAST
AL AQU
ACUL
TURE
TECHNOLOG
OGY
COASTAL
AQUACUL
ACULTURE
Shrimp Farming
The cultured shrimps worth Rs. 3,500 crores are being exported from India. The culture pond site
must be thoroughly studied. Sufficient quantity of good quality water is required and pond must have
minimum depth of 1m and maximum of 1.5m.
Input
: Land, tanks, air blowers, generator, seawater/freshwater facilities (including pipe

lines), microscopes, manpower, brood stock, feed, fertilizers and chemicals.
Electricity, fuel, nets, plastic wares,. Etc.
Output capacity
: The output capacity 1500 kg per hectare. Two crops per year can be achieved.
Unit cost
: The market cost of shrimp is Rs. 200 per kg.
131
Note
Note
Note

Dept of Science-Isro-Atomic-Energy PDF

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Deskripsi Asli:

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Dept of Science-Isro-Atomic-Energy PDF

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Content Page

Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)

Department of Science & Technology (DST)

Department of Biotechnology (DBT)

Department of Defence Research

& Development: Defence Research &

Ministry of Earth Science (MoES)

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)

Council for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)

Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)

Department of Atomic Energy

Reactor type and capacity

3 PHWRs under construction at Kaiga 4 (220 MWe), RAPP-5*&6(2x220 MWe)

3. Radiation technology for urban sludge hygienisation

Fuel gas conditioning technology for reduction in Suspended Particulate Matter

Solid Waste Management Plant (NISARG-RUNA)

Department of Atomic Energy

About 50 such plants have been installed at various

Radiation Technology for Urban

Sewage processing incorporating radiation plant

Manure from SHRI plant used in field

Department of Atomic Energy

Plasma Pyrolysis for Medical Waste

Department of Atomic Energy

13. Non-Invasive Blood Pressure (NIBP) Module

Cobalt-60 Teletherapy Machine (BHABHATRON)

Fully closable collimator for improved radiation safety is a unique

Automatic source withdrawal during emergency.

Lower penumbra for better beam quality.

All operations are completely computer controlled to facilitate

Position of radiation source displayed: safe/ transit/ treatment.

Display of scheduled treatment time, time completed and time remaining.

Treatment can be interrupted and resumed

Handheld Tele-ECG Instrument for Rural Health Care

Low cost, portable and compact

Mobile as well as LAN connectivity

Acquisition, processing, storing and visualization of ECG in real time

Using a secure GPRS connection for transfer of ECG data

Hydrogel Burn and Injury Dressing

Department of Atomic Energy

the dressing. These dressings are available in various sizes.

Green Laser PHOTOCOAGULATOR FOR

Part of Treated Retina of Eye using our Laser 13.08.08

In this unit,the laser power can be varied from 50 mW to

Green laser photocoagulator of SSLD, RRCAT

1. Water Resource Management

7. Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water by physicochemical process

Water Resources Management

Mass spectrometer for measurement of stable isotopes of water

Isotope techniques have been applied in the following

Groundwater salinisation and pollution

Groundwater recharge in arid / semi arid areas

Interconnection between water bodies

Seepage in dams, reservoirs, tunnels etc.

Flow measurements in mountainous rivers

Dispersion of effluents in marine environment

Desalination plants (Multi-stage Flash,

Department of Atomic Energy

Nuclear desalinatin demonstration project, Kalpakkam,

desalination technologies based on multi-stage flash (MSF)

Reverse Osmosis Plant (Capacity: 30 cubic metre per

Preparation of Composite Polyamide