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ABOUT TENSILE TEST:

Tensile test is to measure the tensile strength of the material. Test sample is kept
under uniaxial tensile stress until it is failed. From the test many other properties like
young's modules, Poisson's ratio, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength can be decided.
In tensile test in Ductile material beginning material goes through elastic deformation in
which stress-strain curve is a almost straight line and also follows Hook's law. After this
stage material comes in plastic region where deformation is permanent in the material. As
stress increases necking is being shown in the material and small cavities are being
formed where material starts to fail. Furthermore increasing this stress this cavity is
increases and material fails from that part. Test specimen after test is being shown in the
figure below.
In this test we are comparing the same material with normal one and strain-hardened
specimen.
Strain Hardening:
In strain hardening material is brought to plastic region and left with permanent
deformation. It is something like cold working or hot working process in which grain
structure of material is changed permanent so tensile strength of material and some other
material properties are enhanced.

ABOUT MACHINE:

Instrone Machine used for this test is screw driven machine in which two large screw
rotates and that applies force.
Load measurement accuracy: +/- 0.5% of reading down to 1/1000 of load cell capacity
option (2580 Series load cells)
Up to 2.5 kHz data acquisition rate option simultaneous on load, extension, and strain
channels
Speed range of 0.001 - 3000 mm/min (0.00004 -120 in/min), depending on the model

Type of Grip:
In the lab test we are using Manual grip. Test sample is adjusted between two jaws and they are
tighten by manual screw. The figure below is showing the grip.

Test Results:
Aluminum :
Material standard: 3003-H14
Load at Break(standard)
Tensile stress at Break (Standard)
Tensile strain (Extension) at Break
Modulus (E-modulus)
Load at Yield (Zero Slope)

78.59677 N
1.98525 MPa
0.13131 mm/mm
14969.33391 Mpa
7692.65088 N

250
200
150
Series1

100
50
0
0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

Aluminum Strain hardened


Material standard: 3003-H14
Load at Break(standard)
Tensile stress at Break (Standard)
Tensile strain (Extension) at Break
Modulus (E-modulus)
Load at Yield (Zero Slope)

27.99079 N
0.70412 MPa
0.13131 mm/mm
15038.66 MPa
7683.027 N

250
200
150
100

Series1

50
0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

-50

Steel:
Load at Break(standard)
Tensile stress at Break (Standard)
Tensile strain (Extension) at Break
Modulus (E-modulus)
Load at Yield (Zero Slope)

3711.09 N
99.44638 MPa
0.37412 mm/mm
5248.195 MPa
11928.88 N
319.6593 MPa

Tensile stress at Yield


350
300
250
200

Series1

150
100
50
0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

Steel Strain Hardened:


Load at Break(standard)
Tensile stress at Break (Standard)
Tensile strain (Extension) at Break
Modulus (E-modulus)
Load at Yield (Zero Slope)

1163.282 N
26.01733 MPa
0.2603 mm/mm
1228.37 MPa
3876.568 N
86.70124 MPa

Tensile stress at Yield


100
90
80
70
60
50

Series1

40
30
20
10
0

-10 0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

As From above results we can see that by strain hardening Yield strength of the material is
increased.

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