COUNT NOUNS
Pens
Books
Houses
NON-COUNT NOUNS
money
sugar
water
PLURAL
Pens
Two pens
Some pens
Many pens
several pen
A lot of pens
Few pens
A few pens
Count Nouns:
(a) Take a/an or one
In the singular
(b) Usually take a final
s/es in the plural
NON-COUNT NOUNS
Money
Some money
A great deal of money
A little money
Much money
Little money
Noun-count nouns
(a) Do not take a/an or
one in the singular
(b) Do not generally have a
plural form
Some count mouns are irregular and do not take s or es in the plural. Here are some
irregular count nouns:
Man men
Woman women
Child children
foot feet
tooth teeth
mouse mice
Some noncount nouns may become plural and take a final s or es when they mean
different types of one particular thing. In this case they can also take a/an as a singular
form.
There was a lot of food on the table. (general)
Certain foods must be avoided by people who have heart disease.
(particular types of food)
I like most fruit. (general)
A fruit I particularly enjoy is the peach. (particular fruit)
The following list contains some non-count nouns (which do not take a/an or have a
plural form) that you should know:
Advice
Air
Bread
Butter
Cheese
fruit
fun
furniture
happiness
homework
luck
luggage
machinery
meat
milk
rice
sadness
salt
scenery
significance
Clothing
Coffee
honesty
housework
money
music
silver
sugar
Courage
Equipment
Evidence
Enjoyment
Food
information
intelligence
jealousy
jewelry
knowledge
pepper
postage
pottery
poverty
progress
tea
traffic
transpotation
violence
N.B. Nouns marked *can also be used with a/an or with s in the plural like food.
EJERCICIO 1 Give the plural of these nouns:
1. sand
=
sands
2. accounting =
accounts
3. decision
=
decisions
4. electricity =
electricities
5. furniture
=
furnitures
6. architecture =
architectures
7. age
=
ages
8. soap
=
soaps
(b) Determiners
DETERMINERS
The This, that These, those, few a,
all/each some, any, many, a lot of one,
two, three a great number of the
number of fewer than more .. than
COUNTS
NOUS
Derteminers are words like a, the, some, any, this, that, these, three,
less,than, fewerthan, some determiners can only be used with count nouns,
others with non-count nouns, and there are some which can be used with both count and
non-count nouns. This can be seen in the following chart (the underlined words can be
used with both count and non-count nouns):
COUNT
NOUNS
This, that
(a) little
Much
A lot of
The
Some, any
A large amount of
The amount of
Lessthan
Morethan
NON-COUNT
NOUNS
ARTICLE
THE DININITE
ARTICLE
ARTICLE
AIAN
THE
beofore singular count nouns to mean one. A o an is not used before a noncount noun.
I have a book (count noun)
I like rice
(non-count noun)
(ii)
in a general stetement
A lion is a wild animal.
AN
apple
ear
island
orange
umbrella
a
e
i
o
u
A unversity
An uncle
A horse
An (h)our
but
but
A universl.....
An umbrella
A home
An (h)onor
A union
A half
An (h)onest
one-eye monster
= a one-eye monster
= un
university graduate
= an university graduate = un
used car
= a used car
= un
hurricane
= a hurricane
= un
only child
= an only child
house call
= an house call
eager student
= an eager student
= un
usual mistake
= a sual mistake
= un
(singular count)
(plural count)
(non-count)
It is used:
(i)
when both the speaker and the listener ahve a specific thing or person in
mind
Coul you shut the windows?
(both the speaker and the listener know which windows)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
Before abstract nouns (words denoting cencepts with no physical form) such
as love, hate, death, beaty, democracy.
Health is perhaps more important than wealth
But the health of the president is failing
(ii)
Before plural count nouns when they mean everything of a certain class
Horses are strong animals (all hourses)
Oranges are rich in vitamins. (all oranges)
(iii)
Before a noun used in a general sense which does not show any definite
quanty.
Sleep is necessary
Tea is a popular drink in chia.
(iv)
With words such as breahfast, lunch, dinner, school, home except when they
are specific.
We had dinneer at nine
But There were 200 people at the dinner given to celebrate their anniversary.
2
3
USE THE
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
DO NOT
USE THE
4
5
6
7
TRADUCCION
SUSTANTIVOS
CONDE: SUSTANTIVOS
Bolgrafos
Libros
Casas
SUSTANTIVOS NO CUENTA
dinero
azcar
agua
PLURAL
SUSTANTIVOS NO CUENTA
Dinero
Un poco de dinero
Una gran cantidad de dinero
Un poco de dinero
Mucho dinero
Poco dinero
Bolgrafos
Dos plumas
Algunas plumas
Muchas plumas
pluma varios
Un montn de plumas
Pocas plumas
Unas plumas
Conde sustantivos:
Sustantivos Sustantivo-Conde
(a) Tome "un/una" o "uno"
(a) No tome "a/an" o
En el singular
"uno" en el singular
(b) suelen tener un final
(b) no tienen generalmente una
"s/es" en plural
forma plural
Algunos mouns Conde son irregulares y no "s" o "es" en plural. Aqu estn algunos
sustantivos irregulares de recuento:
Hombre hombres pie pies
Mujer mujeres diente dientes
Child los nios ratn ratones
Algunos sustantivos no cuenta puede ser plurales y tener un final "s" o "es" cuando se
refieren a diferentes tipos de una cosa particular. En este caso tambin pueden utilizar
"un/una" como una forma singular.
Haba un montn de comida sobre la mesa. (general)
Deben evitar ciertos alimentos por personas que tienen enfermedades del corazn.
(ciertos tipos de alimentos)
Me gusta la fruta ms. (general)
Una fruta que particularmente disfruto es el melocotn. (fruta particular)
La siguiente lista contiene algunos no-Conde sustantivos (que no tome "un/una" o si
tiene una forma plural) que usted debe saber:
Asesoramiento
Aire
Pan
Mantequilla
Queso
fruta
diversin
muebles
felicidad
tarea
suerte
equipaje
maquinaria
carne
leche
arroz
tristeza
Sal
paisaje
significado
Ropa
Caf
honestidad
tareas domsticas
dinero
msica
plata
azcar
Valor
Equipo
Pruebas
Disfrute
Alimentos
informacin
inteligencia
celos
joyera
conocimiento
pimienta
gastos de envo
cermica
pobreza
progreso
t
trfico
transpotation
violencia
Nota: los sustantivos marcados * tambin puede utilizarse con "a/an" o con "s" en el
plural como "comida".
EJERCICIO 1 dan el plural de estos sustantivos:
1. arena = arenas
2. contable = cuentas
3. decisin = decisiones
4. electricidad = electricities
5. muebles muebles =
6. arquitectura = arquitecturas
7. edad = edad
8. jabn = jabones
(b) Determinantes
DETERMINANTES
Esto, que estos, esos, pocos a,
Este,
todo/cada algunos, cualquier, muchos, (a) demasiado, un montn de algunos, una gran
Derteminers son palabras como "a", "", "algunos", "cualquiera", "esto", "aquello",
"estos", "tres", "menor",..."", "menos"... "de", algunos determinantes pueden utilizarse
nicamente con Conde sustantivos, otros con sustantivos no cuenta, y hay algunos que
se puede utilizar con Conde y sustantivos no cuenta. Esto puede verse en la siguiente
tabla (las palabras subrayadas pueden utilizarse con Conde y sustantivos no cuenta):
Esto, eso, stos, los
Esto, que
(a) algunos
(a) pequeo
muchos
Mucho
un montn de
Un montn de
Uno, dos, tres...
El
CONDE
NO-COUNT
a, el
Algunos, cualquier
SUSTANTIVOS
SUSTANTIVOS
algunos, cualquier
Una gran cantidad de
un gran nmero de
La cantidad de
el nmero de
Menos...
menos... thah
Ms...
ms...
EL INDEFINIDO
ARTCULO
ARTCULO
AIAN
EL DININITE
ARTCULO
EL
Un hombre geat...
(v) con expresiones numricas ceertain
Una pareja, una docena, un centenar, muchos,
Mucho, mucho
"An" se utiliza antes de las palabras que comienzan con una vocal (a, e, i, o, u):
UN
Apple
oreja
Isla
naranja
paraguas
a
e
i
o
u
Pero
Pero
Una Unversidad
Un to
Un caballo
(H) nuestro
Un universl...
Un paraguas
Un hogar
Un onor (h)
Una Unin
Media
Una Navidad (h)
El sueo es necesario
El t es una bebida popular en chia.
(iv) Con palabras como breahfast, almuerzo, cena, escuela, casa, excepto cuando son
especficas.
Hemos tenido dinneer en nueve
Pero haba 200 personas en la cena para celebrar su aniversario.
A continuacin muestran algunos usos del artculo definido:
2
3
UTILIZAR
"LA"
4
5
6
7
8
No
1
UTILIZAR
"LA"
2
3
4
5
6
7