AET 9
Unit 2 - Objective
2a. Identify power supply rectifier
operating principles
OVERVIEW
1. Purpose
Power Supply
Transformer
Rectifier
Filter
Voltage Regulator
AC Terms
Unit 2 - Objective
2a. Identify power supply rectifier
operating principles
OVERVIEW
2.
Characteristics
Half-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Bridge Rectifier
3.
Operation
Half-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Bridge Rectifier
Purpose
Before we get into rectifiers, we are going
to briefly discuss the entire power supply
AC
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
FILTER
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
TO
LOAD
Purpose
An AC sine wave is fed into the
transformer
AC
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
FILTER
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
TO
LOAD
Purpose
The transformed AC sine wave is fed into
the rectifier
AC
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
FILTER
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
TO
LOAD
Purpose
The pulsating DC is fed into the filter
AC
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
FILTER
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
TO
LOAD
Purpose
The Smooth DC is fed into the voltage
regulator
AC
SOURCE
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
FILTER
VOLTAGE
REGULATOR
TO
LOAD
POSITIVE
PEAK
VOLTAGE
NEGATIVE
PEAK
VOLTAGE
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
ALTERNATION
ALTERNATION
CYCLE
Characteristics
The next circuits we discuss will include the
first two parts of our power supply, the
transformer and the rectifier
We will cover three different types of rectifiers:
Half-wave
Full-wave
Full-wave Bridge
Characteristics
Half-wave - This circuit consists of one diode, which
will be biased by the secondary of the transformer.
There is a resistor (RL) in series with the diode, and is
used to develop the output voltage
Full-wave - This circuit consists of two diodes, biased
by a transformer with a center-tapped secondary.
There is a resistor (RL) in series with the diodes, and is
used to develop the output voltage
Full-wave Bridge - This circuit consists of four diodes,
biased by the secondary of the transformer. The
layout is normally shown in a diamond shaped
arrangement. There is a resistor (RL) in series with
the diodes, and is used to develop the output voltage
T1
1:1
AC INPUT
+
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
T1
1:1
AC INPUT
+
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
T1
1:1
AC INPUT
+
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
AC INPUT
+
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
AC INPUT
+
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
AC INPUT
CR1
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
0V
AC INPUT
+
AC INPUT
CR1
+
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
T1
A1:1RECTIFIER
CR1
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
AC INPUT
+
AC INPUT
CR1
+
RL
T1
1:1
0V
CR1
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
O
W
AC INPUT
1:2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
0V
OUTPUT
AC INPUT
200 VAC
+282V
CR1
0V
200 VAC (EFF)
OR 282V PEAK
RL
282V
60 Hz
0V
AC INPUT
PEAK
VOLTAGE = +282V
AVERAGE
VOLTAGE = +90V
+282V
CR1
0V
200 VAC (EFF)
OR 282V PEAK
RL
282V
60 Hz
0V
AC INPUT
PEAK
VOLTAGE = +282V
AVERAGE
VOLTAGE = +90V
AC INPUT
200 VAC
+282V
CR1
0V
200 VAC (EFF)
OR 282V PEAK
RL
282V
60 Hz
0V
AC INPUT
PEAK
VOLTAGE = +282V
AVERAGE
VOLTAGE = +90V
AC INPUT
200 VAC
+282V
CR1
0V
200 VAC (EFF)
OR 282V PEAK
RL
282V
60 Hz
0V
AC INPUT
PEAK
VOLTAGE = +282V
AVERAGE
VOLTAGE = +90V
Interim Summary
Half-wave Rectifier
Has one diode
Direction of diode determines polarity of output voltage
Output peak voltage determined by turns ratio of
transformer
Output ripple frequency (in PPS) equals input
frequency (in Hz)
Output ripple amplitude is the same as the transformer
secondary voltage
Average DC output voltage equals .318 times the peak
AC INPUT
T1
1:1
CR1
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
AC INPUT
T1
1:1
CR1
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
CR1
RL
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
T1
1:1
CR1
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
AC INPUT
T1
1:1
CR1
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
AC INPUT
T1
1:1
CR1
CR2
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
RL
T1
1:1
CR1
RL
200 VAC
60 Hz
CR2
T1
1:1
CR1
RL
200 VAC
60 Hz
CR2
T1
1:1
CR1
RL
200 VAC
60 Hz
CR2
T1
1:1
CR1
RL
200 VAC
60 Hz
CR2
T1
1:1
CR1
RL
200 VAC
60 Hz
CR2
282 V
PEAK
CR3
CR4
CR2
RL
1:1
CR1
200 VAC
60 Hz
282 V
PEAK
CR3
CR4
CR2
RL
1:1
+
CR1
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
282V
CR4
+
CR2
RL
+282V
0V
CR3
AC
INPUT
+282V
0V
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
+
CR1
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
282V
CR4
AC
INPUT
+
CR2
+282V
0V
CR3
RL
+282V
0V
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
+
CR1
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
282V
CR4
AC
INPUT
+
CR2
+282V
0V
CR3
RL
+282V
0V
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
1:1
CR1
CR3
282 V
PEAK
200 VAC
60 Hz
+
CR4
0V
282V
CR2
+282V
AC
INPUT
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
+282V
0V
RL
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
AQR30020010-9307-1380
Rectifier Summary
Unit 2 - Objective
2a. Identify power supply rectifier
operating principles
1. Purpose
Power Supply
Transformer
Rectifier
Filter
Voltage Regulator
AC Terms
Unit 2 - Objective
2a. Identify power supply rectifier
operating principles
2. Characteristics
Half-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Bridge Rectifier
3. Operation
Half-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Rectifier
Full-wave Bridge Rectifier