ELECTROMAGNETISM
31. Alternating Current
32. Electromagnetic Waves
37. Relativity
38. Photons, Electrons, and
Atoms
39. The Wave Nature of
Particles
FE1001 Physics I
ELECTROMAGNETISM
40. Quantum Mechanics
41. Atomic Structure
42. Molecules and
Condensed Matter
43. Nuclear Physics
44. Particle Physics and
Cosmology
Chapter Objectives
Chapter Outline
Fig. 32.2
Fig. 32.3
Fig. 32.4
Fig. 32.5
Fig. 32.6
Fig. 32.7
Fig. 32.8
Fig. 32.9
Fig. 32.10
Fig. 32.11
Fig. 32.12
Execute
A possible pair of wave functions that describe the
wave shown in Fig. 32.12 are
E ( x, t ) kE
max cos(kx t )
B( x, t ) jBmax cos(kx t )
5.0 103T
c
3.0 108 m / s
Evaluate
As we expect, the magnitude Bmax in teslas is much
smaller than the magnitude Emax in volts per meter.
To check the directions of E and B, note that E B
is in the direction of k j i. This is as it should be for
a wave that propagates in the negative x-direction.
Evaluate
Our expressions for E ( x, t ) and B( x, t ) are not the
only possible solutions. We could always add a phase
to the arguments of the cosine function, so that kx +
t would become kx + t + . To determine the value
of we would need to know E and B either as
functions of x at a given time t or as functions of t at a
given coordinate x. However, the statement of the
problem doesnt include this information.
Execute
a) The wavelength in vacuum of the sodium light is
c 3.00 108 m / s
vacuum
5.89 107 m 589nm
f 5.09 1014 Hz
c
3.00 108 m / s
1.24 108 m / s
KK m
(5.84)(1.00)
f
5.09 1014 Hz
Execute
b) Following the same steps as in part (a), we find
that the wavelength in vacuum of the radio wave is
c 3.00 108 m / s
vacuum
3.33m
6
f
90.0 10 Hz
c
3.00 108 m / s
3.00 106 m / s
KK m
(10.0)(1000)
v ferrite
3.00 10 m / s
90.0 106 Hz
Evaluate
The speed of light in transparent materials like
diamond is typically between c and several percent of
c. As our results in part (b) show, the speed of
electromagnetic waves in dense materials like ferrite
can be far slower than in vacuum.