INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

MIDTERM EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II, 2013/2014 SESSION
KULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING
Programme

: Mechatronics

Level of Study : UG4

Time

: 8:00 pm 10:30 pm

Date

: April 15, 2014

Duration

: 21/2 Hrs
Section(s)

: 1

Course Code : MCT 4338

Course Title

: Signal Processing and Communications

This Question Paper Consists of Four (4) Printed Pages (Including Cover Page) With Five (5)

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

DO NOT OPEN UNTIL YOU ARE ASKED TO DO SO

Attempt All Questions.
Answers should be clear and intelligible.
Justify your answer with simplification of intermediate steps for full marks.
DO NOT USE PENCIL FOR THIS EXAMINATION.

Any form of cheating or attempt to cheat is a

serious offence which may lead to dismissal.

Q1 [20 Marks]

Signal Processing and Communications

MCT 4338

a) By considering the bandwidth usage, transmitted power, and receiver circuit complexity,
compare the performance of
i) Double sideband with suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) and Double sideband with
transmitted carrier (DSB-TC) modulation.
(2)
ii) DSB-SC and single sideband with suppressed carrier (SSB-SC) modulation.
(2)
b) As an engineer in a telecommunication company, you are required to design a DSB-SC
modulator to generate a modulated signal km (t ) cos c t , where m(t) is a signal bandlimited to B Hz as shown in Fig 1(b). Fig.1(a) shows a DSB-SC modulator which is
available in the stock room. The carrier generator available generates not cos c t , but
3
cos c t .
a) Investigate, using appropriate analysis, the possibility of generating the desired signal
using only this equipment and indicate the type of filter that is desirable.
(4)
b) Determine the signal spectra at points (b) and (c), and indicate the frequency bands
occupied by these spectra.
(4)

Fig.1
c) Consider the demodulator circuit shown in Fig. 2, determine y (t) , if
x ( t )=[ A+ m(t ) ] cos c t , regardless of the value of A .
i)
(3)
^ ( t ) sin c t .
ii) x ( t )=m ( t ) cos c t m
(3)
iii) Indicate the type of filter needed and the effect of on the demodulated signal. (2)

Fig.2
Q2 [15 Marks]
a) State two advantages and one disadvantage of FM over AM radio.
b) i) Using illustrated diagram, explain the difference between phase and frequency
modulation.
2

(3)
(2)

Signal Processing and Communications

MCT 4338

An angle-modulated signal is described by

10

( 3 ) t

6
(
)
2 10 t +0.1 sin

x c ( t )=10 cos
ii) Consider x c (t) as a phase modulated signal with k p =10, determine m ( t ) .
(3)
iii) Consider x c ( t) as a frequency modulated signal with k f =10 , determine
m(t ) .
(3)
c) Fig. 3 shows a modulating signal m ( t ) which is to be frequency and phase modulated
using
the following parameters: c =2 107 , k f = 2 105 , k p =50 . Determine and
sketch
x FM ( t ) .
i)
(2)
x PM ( t ) .
ii)
(2)

Fig.3
Q3 [20 Marks]
a) The signal

4
is sampled 200 Hz , and the sampled signal x (n) is reconstructed at 250 Hz to
recover the
analog signal x r (t ) .
i) Obtain an expression for the discrete-time (DT) signal, x ( n ) .
(3)
ii) Obtain expression for the reconstructed signal, x r (t ) . Determine the resultant analog
frequency. Comment on the result.
(5)

x ( t )=5 cos 320 t +

b Consider an audio signal with spectral components limited to the frequency band of 300
3

Signal Processing and Communications

MCT 4338

to
3300 Hz . A law companding is used in this speech processing, and a PCM signal
is
generated with a sampling rate of 8000 samples/s. The required output signal-toquantizing-noise ratio, SQNR is 30 dB .
i) Determine the minimum number of uniform quantizing levels and the number of bits per
sample.
(3)
ii) Determine the minimum number of quantizing levels and the number of bits per sample
S
3 L2
=
.
if a -law compander is used with =255. Assume that
N o [ ln ( 1+ ) ]2
(5)
iii) Calculate the minimum bandwidth required for Q3b (ii) and (iii).
(4)

( )

Q4 [20 Marks]
a) Using appropriate diagrams, explain the main differences between frequency division
multiplexing (FDM) and time-division multiplexing. With justification, state the one that is
preferably used.
(4)
b) Four analog signals m1 (t ), m2 (t ), m3 (t ) and m4 (t ) are acquired in a certain telemetry
system. The bandwidth of m1 (t ) is 3.5 kHz whereas the bandwidths m2 (t ), m3 (t ), and m 4 (t )
are 1.25 kHz each.
i) Draw a scheme for achieving this TDM requirement with each signal sampled at 25
above its Nyquist rate.
(4)
ii) Determine the speed of the commutator (in samples/sec) for this scheme.
(3)
iii) Suppose the commutator output is quantized into 1024 levels and the result is binary
coded, what is the output bit rate?
(2)
iv) Determine the minimum transmission bandwidth of the channel.
(2)
c) i) How does intersymbol interference arise in digital data transmission? How can this be
overcome?
ii) A pulse p(t) whose spectrum P() is shown in Fig.4 satisfies the Nyquist
criterion.
Determine the maximum rate at which binary data can be transmitted by this pulse using
the Nyquist criterion. Determine the roll-off factor, .
(5)

Signal Processing and Communications

MCT 4338

Fig.4
Q5[25 Marks]
a) The block diagram of a digital filter is shown in Fig. 5.
i) State the type of realization which this diagram represents.
ii) Obtain the difference equation that describes this filter.
n
1
x n 6 u n , y 1 1, y 2 4.
2
iii) Compute the complete response if

(2)
(3)
(7)

Fig. 5

b) Given
x ( n )=2n [u ( n+ 2 )u ( n+4 ) ]
y ( n )=

1 n
u (n) .
3

()

Determine
i) g ( n )=x ( n )y ( n ) .
(3)
R
(
l
)
.
ii)
xy
(3)
c) Suppose x (n) is a real, stationary, white-noise process, with zero mean and variance
2x . Let y (n) be the corresponding output when x (n) is the input to a linear timeinvariant discrete5

Signal Processing and Communications

MCT 4338

time system with unit sample (impulse) response h ( n ) . Show that

2
i)
E { x ( n ) y ( n ) } =h ( 0 ) x .
ii)

y = x

h (n ).

(3)
(4)

n=

END OF EXAMINATION