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SPECIMEN PAPER (bilingual)
962/1
STPM
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)
One and a half hours (Satu jam setengah)
MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA

(MALAYSIAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL)
SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA

Please tear off along the perforated line.
(Sila koyakkan di sepanjang garis putus-putus ini.)
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE
TOLD TO DO SO.
There are fifteen questions in Section A. For each question, four choices
of answers are given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the
Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. Read the instructions on the
Multiple-choice Answer Sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks
will not be deducted for wrong answers.
Answer all questions in Section B. Write your answers in the spaces
provided.
Answer any two questions in Section C. All essential working should be
shown. For numerical answers, unit should be quoted wherever appropriate.
Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your answers in
numerical order.
Tear off the front page of this question paper and your answer sheets of
Section B, and tie both of them together with your answer sheets of Section C.
Answers may be written in either English or Bahasa Malaysia.
For examiners use

(Untuk kegunaan
pemeriksa)
Section B
(Bahagian B)
16
17
Section C
(Bahagian C)
Total
(Jumlah)
Arahan kepada calon:

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.
Ada lima belas soalan dalam Bahagian A. Bagi setiap soalan, empat pilihan jawapan diberikan.
Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan yang
dibekalkan. Baca arahan pada Borang Jawapan Aneka Pilihan itu dengan teliti. Jawab semua soalan.
Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.
Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian B. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.
Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam Bahagian C. Semua jalan kerja yang sesuai hendaklah
ditunjukkan. Bagi jawapan berangka, unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang sesuai. Mulakan
setiap jawapan pada helaian kertas jawapan yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda mengikut tertib
berangka.
Koyakkan muka hadapan kertas soalan ini dan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B, dan ikatkan
kedua-duanya bersama-sama dengan helaian jawapan anda bagi Bahagian C.
Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Malaysia.
This question paper consists of

printed pages and
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada halaman bercetak dan
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia
STPM 962/1
-1-
more examination papers at :

www.myschoolchildren.com
blank page.
halaman kosong.)
Section A [15 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.
1
Which particle has the correct corresponding number of electrons and number of neutrons?
Particle
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
10
16
7
18
2
8O
19
9F
19
79
35 Br
34
44
The mass spectrum of an element X is shown below.

Percentage
of abundance 100
99.63
0.37
0
15 Mass/charge
14
From the mass spectrum above, it can be concluded that,

A the nucleon number of X is 14.5
B the relative molecular mass of X2 is 29
C the isotopes of X have a different number of protons
D element X consists of two isotopes with relative isotopic mass of 14 and 15
3 What is the maximum number of emission lines possible for a hydrogen atom with electronic
energy levels n = 1, n = 2 and n = 3?
A 2
4
C 4
D 6
C Al2O3
D Mg3N2
Which compound is not ionic?

A CaCl2
B 3
B SiCl4
Which molecule possesses polar bonds but its overall molecular dipole moment is zero?
A NH3
B H2S
C CCl4
962/1
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D CH3Cl
Bahagian A [15 markah]

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
1 Zarah yang manakah yang mempunyai padanan yang betul dengan nombor elektron dan nombor
neutron?
Zarah
Nombor elektron
Nombor neutron
10
16
7
18
2
8O
19
9F
19
79
35 Br
34
44
Spektrum jisim unsur X ditunjukkan di bawah.

Peratusan
kelimpahan
99.63
100
0.37
0
14
15
Jisim/cas
Daripada spektrum jisim di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahawa

A nombor nukleon X ialah 14.5
B jisim molekul relatif X2 ialah 29
C isotop X mempunyai nombor proton yang berbeza
D unsur X terdiri daripada dua isotop dengan jisim isotop relatif 14 dan 15
3 Berapakah bilangan garisan pemancaran maksimum yang mungkin bagi atom hidrogen dengan
aras tenaga elektronik n = 1, n = 2, dan n = 3?
A 2
4
B 3
C 4
D 6
C Al2O3
D Mg3N2
Sebatian yang manakah yang tidak ionik?

A CaCl2
B SiCl4
5 Molekul yang manakah yang mempunyai ikatan berkutub tetapi jumlah momen dwikutubnya
molekulnya adalah sifar?
A NH3
B H2S
C CCl4
D CH3Cl
962/1
-3-

Which statement regarding metallic bond is correct?

A The metallic bond enables metals to be a good conductor of heat.
B The strength of the metallic bond depends on the size of the atom of the metal.
C The metallic bonds are formed because metals have relatively high ionisation energies.
D The metallic bond is formed from the attraction between the electrons and the nucleus in the
atom.
7 A mixture of 8.0 g of a monoatomic gas X and an unknown quantity of mass of diatomic gas Y
has a volume of V m3 at s.t.p. When 20.0 g of gas X is added to the mixture under the same
conditions, the volume of the mixture is 2V m3. What is the quantity of gas Y in the mixture?
[Relative atomic masses of X and Y are 4 and 1 respectively. Assume that gas X does not react
with gas Y.]
A 1g
B 2g
C 5g
D 6g
8 Boron nitride, BN, can exist in two different forms P and Q. P has a layered giant molecular
lattice with weak forces between the layers. Q has a giant lattice in which each atom is bonded to
another by four covalent bonds. The following statements are regarding P and Q.
I P and Q have high melting points.
II P and Q have the same density.
III Structure Q is harder than structure P.
IV Structure Q conducts electricity in molten state.
Which statements about P and Q are correct?
A I and II
B I and III
C II and IV
D III and IV
962/1
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Penyataan yang manakah yang betul tentang ikatan logam?

A Ikatan logam membolehkan logam menjadi konduksi haba yang baik.
B Kekuatan ikatan logam bergantung kepada saiz atom logam itu.
C Ikatan logam yang terbentuk disebabkan logam mempunyai tenaga pengionan yang tinggi
secara relatifnya.
D Ikatan logam terbentuk daripada penarikan antara elektron dengan nuklues dalam atom.
7 Satu campuran 8.0 g gas monoatom X dan satu kuantiti gas dwiatom Y yang tidak diketahui
jisimnya mempunyai isi padu V m3 pada s.t.p. Apabila 20.0 g gas X ditambahkan kepada campuran
itu pada keadaan yang sama, isi padu campuran itu ialah 2V m3. Berapakah kuantiti gas Y dalam
campuran itu?
[Jisim atom relatif bagi X dan Y masing-masing ialah 4 dan 1. Anggap bahawa gas X tidak
bertindak balas dengan gas Y.]
A 1g
B 2g
C 5g
D 6g
8 Boron nitrida, BN, boleh wujud dalam dua bentuk yang berbeza, P dan Q. P mempunyai lapisan
kekisi molekul raksasa dengan daya yang lemah antara lapisan. Q mempunyai kekisi raksasa yang
mana setiap atom terikat kepada atom yang lain oleh empat ikatan kovalen. Penyataan yang berikut
berkaitan dengan P dan Q.
I P dan Q mepunyai takat lebur yang tinggi
II P dan Q mempunyai ketumpatan yang sama
III Struktur Q lebih keras daripada struktur P
IV Struktur Q mengkonduksi elektik dalam keadaan leburan
Penyataan yang manakah yang betul tentang P dan Q?
A I dan II
B I dan III
C II dan IV
D III dan IV
962/1
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9 The distribution of molecular kinetic energy of a gas at 279 K and 289 K is shown by the
Maxwell-Bltzman graph below.
Number of
molecules
Kinetic energy
Which statement best explains why the rate of reaction in a gas sample at 279 K increases two
folds when the temperature is increased to 289 K?
A The number of collisions increases two fold.
B The total area under the curve increases two fold.
C The average velocity of the molecules increases two fold.
D The numbers of molecules with energy equal to or greater than Ea increases two fold.
Ea
RT
10 The Arrhenius equation is given as k = Ae

. A reaction occurs 27 times faster at 52 C than at
22 C. What is the activation energy for this reaction?
[Gas constant, R, is 8.31 J K 1 mol 1]

A 1.04 kJ mol
B 10.5 kJ mol
C 38.1 kJ mol
D 87.5 kJ mol
11 A reversible reaction can be represented by the equation:

P + Q
R + S
when the system is in equilibrium,

A the masses P, Q, R and S are the same
B the reactions in both directions stopped
C the concentrations of P, Q, R and S are the same
D the concentrations of P, Q, R and S are always constant
12 The equilibrium constant, Kp, for the decomposition of calcium carbonate,
CaCO3(s)
is 1.6
10 23 atm at 298 K and 6.3
decomposition?
CaO(s) + CO2(g)
10
11
atm at 500 K.
Which statement is true of the
A The forward reaction is endothermic.

B Kp depends on the mass of CaCO3 used.
C The rate of forward reaction decreases as the temperature increases.
D The activation energy of forward reaction increases as the temperature increases.
962/1
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9 Taburan tenaga kinetik bagi gas pada 279 K dan 289 K ditunjukkan dalam graf MaxwellBltzman di bawah.
Bilangan
molekul
Tenaga kinetik
Penyataan yang manakah yang paling baik menerangkan mengapa kadar tindak balas dalam
sampel gas pada 279 K bertambah dua kali ganda apabila suhu dinaikkan kepada 289 K?
A Bilangan perlanggaran bertambah dua kali ganda.
B Jumlah luas kawasan di bawah lengkung bertambah dua kali ganda.
C Halaju purata molekul bertambah dua kali ganda.
D Bilangan molekul dengan tenaga yang sama atau lebih besar daripada Ea bertambah dua kali
ganda.
Ea
10 Persamaan Arrhenius diberikan sebagai k = Ae RT . Satu tindak balas berlaku 27 lebih cepat pada
52 C berbanding 22 C. Berapakah tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas ini?
[Pemalar gas, R ialah 8.31 J K 1 mol 1]

A 1.04 kJ mol
B 10.5 kJ mol
C 38.1 kJ mol
D 87.5 kJ mol
11 Suatu tindak balas berbalik boleh diwakili dengan persamaan:

P + Q
R + S
apabila sistem itu dalam keadaan keseimbangan,

A jisim P, Q, R, dan S adalah sama
B tindak balas dalam kedua-dua arah dihentikan
C kepekatan P, Q, R, dan S adalah sama
D kepekatan P, Q, R, dan S sentiasa malar
12 Pemalar keseimbangan, Kp, bagi penguraian kalsium karbonat,
CaCO3(p)
23
ialah 1.6 10 atm pada 298 K dan 6.3

betul tentang penguraian itu?
CaO(p) + CO2(g)
10
11
atm pada 500 K. Penyataan yang manakah yang
A Tindak balas ke hadapan adalah endotermik.

B Kp bergantung pada jisim CaCO3 yang digunakan.
C Kadar tindak balas ke hadapan berkurang apabila suhu bertambah.
D Tenaga pengaktifan bagi tindak balas ke hadapan bertambah apabila suhu bertambah.
962/1
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13 In the reaction Cu2+ + 4NH3
[Cu(NH3)4]2+, the Cu2+ ion acts as a
A Lewis acid
B Lewis base
C Brnsted-Lowry acid
D Brnsted-Lowry base
14 The following quantities may change when 0.10 mol dm3 ethanoic acid is diluted with water at
298 K.
I Acid dissociation constant
II pH value
III Degree of dissociation
IV Ionic product of water
Which quantities will change?
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV
15 The graph below shows the variation of pH for the titration of 25.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm 3 aqueous
ammonia solution with 0.2 mol dm 3 hydrochloric acid.
pH
Volume of HCl added/cm3
Which part of the above graph shows the mixture of ammonia and hydrochloric acid that can be
used as buffer solution?
A p
B q
C r
962/1
-8-

D s
13 Dalam tindak balas, Cu2+ + 4NH3
[Cu(NH3)4]2+, ion Cu2+ bertindak sebagai
A asid Lewis
B bes Lewis
C asid Brnsted-Lowry
D bes Brnsted-Lowry
14 Kuantiti yang berikut boleh berubah apabila asid etanoik 0.10 mol dm3 dicairkan dengan air pada
298 K.
I Pemalar penceraian asid
II Nilai pH
III Darjah penceraian
IV Hasil darab ion bagi air
Kuantiti yang manakah yang akan berubah?
A I dan II
B I dan IV
C II dan III
D III dan IV
15 Graf di bawah menunjukkan ubahan pH bagi pentitratan 25.0 cm3 larutan akueus ammonia
0.2 mol dm 3 dengan asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm 3.
pH
Isi padu HCl ditambah/cm3
Bahagian yang manakah pada graf di atas yang menunjukkan campuran ammonia dan asid
hidroklorik boleh digunakan sebagai larutan penimbal?
A p
B q
C r
962/1
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D s
Section B [15 marks]

16 Beams of particles from different sources are passed through an electric field. The path of the
beam of sub-atomic particles Y through the electric field is shown in the diagram below.
Source of particles
(a)
(i) Name the subatomic particles Y.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Draw the paths of the beams of electrons and hydrogen ions in the above diagram.
[2 marks]
(iii) If a beam of deuterium ions is passed through the electric field, explain the difference in
deflection angle between the beam of hydrogens ions and that of deuterium ions.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) P+ and Q ions are isoelectronic with the
(i) State the nucleon number of the
40
18 X
40
18 X
isotope.
isotope.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Identity P+ and Q ions.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/1
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Bahagian B [15 markah]

16 Alur-alur zarah dari sumber-sumber yang berlainan dilalukan menerusi suatu medan elektrik.
Laluan alur zarah subatom Y menerusi medan elektrik ditunjukkan dalam gambar rajah di bawah.
Sumber zarah
Sila koyakkan di sepanjang garis putus-putus ini.
(a)
(i) Namakan zarah subatom Y itu.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Lukis laluan alur elektron dan ion hidrogen pada gambar rajah di atas.
[2 markah]
(iii) Jika alur ion deuterium dilalukan melalui medan elektrik tersebut, jelaskan perbezaan
sudut pesongan antara alur ion hidrogen dengan alur ion deuterium.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Ion P+ and ion Q adalah isoelektronik dengan isotop
(i) Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagi isotop
40
18 X .
40
18 X .
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Kenal pasti ion P+ dan ion Q.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/1
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17 The table below shows the temperature and pressure of critical point and triple point of substance
X.
Temperature/ C
Pressure/atm
Critical point
31
73
Triple point
57
At atmospheric pressure, X sublimes at 78 C. The freezing point of X increases by 2 C for

every 10 atm increase in pressure.
(a) Using the above information, sketch and label the phase diagram of X.
(b) Why does the freezing point of X increase with pressure?
[4 marks]
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(c) Solid X is known as dry ice.
(i) How is liquid X produced from dry ice?
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) State an industrial use for dry ice.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/1
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17 Jadual di bawah menunjukkan suhu dan tekanan bagi takat genting dan takat ganda tiga bahan X.
Suhu/ C
Tekanan/atm
Takat genting
31
73
Takat ganda tiga
57
Pada tekanan atmosfera, X memejalwap pada suhu 78 C. Takat beku X bertambah sebanyak
2 C bagi setiap pertambahan tekanan 10 atm.
(a) Menggunakan maklumat di atas, lakar dan label gambar rajah fasa X.
[4 markah]
(b) Mengapakah takat beku X bertambah dengan tekanan?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(c) Pepejal X dikenal sebagai ais kering.
(i) Bagaimanakah cecair X dihasilkan daripada ais kering?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Nyatakan satu kegunaan industri ais kering.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/1
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Section C [30 marks]

Answer any two questions in this section.
18 (a) Water is a hydride of oxygen. The bonding in water molecules is a result of the overlapping of
the orbitals of oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
(i) What is meant by orbitals?
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram illustrating the shapes of all the orbitals of an oxygen atom
with quantum number n = 2.
[3 marks]
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to illustrate the overlapping of orbitals in a water molecule.
[3 marks]
(b) Draw the Lewis structures for ion I3 and molecule SF6, and state their geometries. [4 marks]
State why
(i) compound SF6 is used as an insulating gas in high voltage electrical appliances,
[1 mark]
(ii) compound SI6 does not exist,
[1 mark]
(iii) I3 and Br3 ions exist but F3 ion does not exist under normal conditions.
[2 marks]
19 Aqueous chlorine dioxide solution reacts with an alkaline solution according to the following
equation.
2ClO2(aq) + 2OH (aq)
ClO3 (aq) + ClO2 (aq) + H2O(l)
(a) Determine the oxidation number of chlorine in ClO2 and ClO3 .
[2 marks]
(b) The results of the kinetic experiment of the reaction of aqueous chlorine dioxide solution are
shown in the table below.
Experiment
number
[ClO2]/
mol dm 3
[OH ]/
mol dm 3
Initial rate/
mol dm 3 s 1
0.0575
0.0216
8.21 10
0.0713
0.0216
1.26 10
0.0575
0.0333
1.26 10
(i) Determine the order of the reaction.
[7 marks]
(ii) Calculate the rate constant, k, for the reaction.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the pH of the aqueous chlorine dioxide solution, if its concentration is
0.100 mol dm 3 and the initial rate of the disproportionation reaction is 3.56 10 2 mol dm 3 s 1.
[4 marks]
962/1
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Bahagian C [30 markah]

Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam bahagian ini.
18 (a) Air ialah hidrida oksigen. Ikatan dalam molekul air terhasil melalui pertindihan orbital atom
oksigen dengan atom hidrogen.
(i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan orbital?
[1 markah]
(ii) Lukis gambar rajah berlabel yang mengilustrasikan bentuk semua orbital bagi atom
oksigen dengan nombor kuantum n = 2.
[3 markah]
(iii) Lukis gambar rajah berlabel untuk mengilustrasi pertindihan orbital dalam molekul air.
[3 markah]
(b) Lukis struktur Lewis bagi ion I3 dan molekul SF6, dan nyatakan geometri bagi ion I3 dan
molekul SF6.
[4 markah]
Nyatakan mengapa
(i) sebatian SF6 digunakan sebagai gas penebat dalam alat-alat elektrik bervoltan tinggi,
[1 markah]
(ii) sebatian SI6 tidak wujud,
[1 markah]
(iii) ion I3 dan ion Br3 wujud tetapi ion F3 tidak wujud dalam keadaan biasa.
[2 markah]
19 Larutan klorin dioksida akueus bertindak balas dengan larutan beralkali mengikut persamaan yang
berikut.
2ClO2(ak) + 2OH (ak)
ClO3 (ak) + ClO2 (ak) + H2O(c)
(a) Tentukan nombor pengoksidaan klorin dalam ClO2 dan ClO3 .
[2 markah]
(b) Keputusan uji kaji kinetik dalam tindak balas larutan akueus klorin dioksida ditunjukkan
dalam jadual di bawah.
Nombor
uji kaji
[ClO2]/
mol dm 3
[OH ]/
mol dm 3
0.0575
0.0216
8.21 10
0.0713
0.0216
1.26 10
0.0575
0.0333
1.26 10
Kadar awal/
mol dm 3 s 1
(i) Tentukan tertib tindak balas itu.
[7 markah]
(ii) Hitung pemalar kadar, k, bagi tindak balas itu.
[2 markah]
(iii) Hitung pH larutan akueus klorin dioksida, jika kepekatannya ialah 0.100 mol dm 3 dan
[4 markah]
kadar awal tindak balas penyahkadarannya ialah 3.56 10 2 mol dm 3 s 1.
962/1
- 15 -

20 (a) The Haber process is used in the industrial production of ammonia. The equation for the
reaction is as follows.
N2(g) + 3H2(g)
2NH3(g)
H = 92 kJ mol
An analysis of an equilibrium mixture obtained from the mixing of gaseous nitrogen and
hydrogen shows a composition of 40% of ammonia when the total pressure of the system is 20 atm.
(i) Determine the mole fraction of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia.
[3 marks]
(ii) Calculate the partial pressures for nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia.
[2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kp, for the equilibrium.
[2 marks]
(b) In an experiment, 0.100 moles of dinitrogen tetraoxide gas is allowed to dissociate to nitrogen
dioxide gas in a 1.0 dm3 container at 383 K. The graph of concentrations of both gases against time is
shown below.
Concentration/
mol dm 3
Time/min
(i) Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the above reaction at 383 K.
383 K.
[4 marks]
(ii) Calculate the pressure in the container after the system had attained equilibrium at
[4 marks]
[Gas constant, R, is 8.31 J K 1 mol 1.]
962/1
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20 (a) Proses Haber digunakan dalam penghasilan industri ammonia. Persamaan bagi tindak balas
adalah seperti yang berikut.
N2(g) + 3H2(g)
2NH3(g)
H = 92 kJ mol
Analisis suatu campuran keseimbangan yang diperoleh daripada campuran gas nitrogen dan
hidrogen menunjukkan komposisi ammonia 40% apabila jumlah tekanan sistem adalah 20 atm.
(i) Tentukan pecahan mol nitrogen, hidrogen, dan ammonia.
[3 markah]
(ii) Hitung tekanan separa bagi nitrogen, hidrogen, dan ammonia.
[2 markah]
(iii) Hitung pemalar keseimbangan, Kp, untuk keseimbangan itu.
[2 markah]
(b) Dalam satu uji kaji, 0.100 mol gas dinitrogen tetraoksida dibiarkan tercerai kepada gas
nitrogen dioksida di dalam bekas 1.0 dm3 pada 383 K. Graf kepekatan kedua-dua gas itu lawan masa
ditunjukkan di bawah.
Kepekatan/
mol dm 3
Masa/min
(i) Hitung pemalar keseimbangan, Kc, bagi tindak balas di atas pada 383 K.
[4 markah]
(ii) Hitung tekanan dalam bekas selepas sistem mencapai keseimbangan pada 383 K.
[4 markah]
[Pemalar gas, R, ialah 8.31 J K 1 mol 1.]
962/1
- 17 -


SPECIMEN PAPER
962/2
STPM
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 2 (KERTAS 2)


TOLD TO DO SO.
provided.
numerical order.
For examiners use

(Untuk kegunaan
pemeriksa)
Section B
(Bahagian B)
16
17
Section C
(Bahagian C)
Total
(Jumlah)

DEMIKIAN.
berangka.

printed pages and
STPM 962/2
- 18 -

blank page.
halaman kosong.)

1
Which equation represents the enthalpy of atomisation of sodium?

A Na(s)
Na(g)
B Na(l)
Na(g)
C Na(l)
Na+(g) + e
D Na(g)
Na+(g) + e
The diagram below shows the Born-Haber cycle for the formation of sodium fluoride.
574 kJ mol
Na(s) + F2(g)
+107 kJ mol
+496 kJ mol
NaF(s)
+79 kJ mol
Na(g)
F(g)
928 kJ mol
275 kJ mol
Na+(g) + F (g)
What is the electron affinity of fluorine?
A
820 kJ mol
328 kJ mol
246 kJ mol
Which cation has the highest hydration energy?

A Li+
B Na+
C K+
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- 19 -

D Rb+

1
Persamaan yang manakah yang mewakili entalpi pengatoman natrium?

A Na(p)
Na(g)
B Na(c)
Na(g)
C Na(c)
Na+(g) + e
D Na(g)
Na+(g) + e
Gambar rajah di bawah menunjukkan kitar Born-Haber bagi pembentukan natrium fluorida.
574 kJ mol
Na(p) + F2(g)
+107 kJ mol
+496 kJ mol
NaF(p)
+79 kJ mol
Na(g)
F(g)
928 kJ mol
275 kJ mol
Na+(g) + F (g)
Berapakah afiniti elektron fluorin?
A
820 kJ mol
328 kJ mol
246 kJ mol
Kation yang manakah yang mempunyai tenaga penghidratan paling tinggi?

A Li+
B Na+
C K+
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- 20 -

D Rb+
The standard reduction potentials, E , for oxygen and manganese are as follows.
Electrode system
E /V
O2(g), H+(aq), H2O2(aq) Pt(s)
+0.68
MnO4 (aq), H+(aq), Mn2+(aq) Pt(s)
+1.52
The chemical cell constructed by combining the two half-cells above may have the following
results.
I Mn2+ ion undergoes reduction to form MnO4 ion.
II H2O2 undergoes oxidation to form O2.
III The platinum electrode for oxygen half-cell is the positive electrode.
IV The e.m.f. of the cell is +0.84 V.
Which of the above statements are true for the chemical cell formed?
A I and II
B I and III
C II and IV
D III and IV
5 The graph below shows the standard reduction potentials, E , for the half-cell reactions of five
elements, P, Q, R, S and T.
E /V
Element
It can be concluded that from P to T,
A the electronegativity of the elements increases
B the chemical reactivity of the elements decreases
C the strength of the elements as reducing agents increases
D
the strength of the elements as oxidising agents increases
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Keupayaan penurunan piawai, E , bagi oksigen dan mangan adalah seperti yang berikut.
Sistem elektrod
E /V
O2(g), H+(ak), H2O2(ak) Pt(p)
+0.68
MnO4 (ak), H+(ak), Mn2+(ak) Pt(p)
+1.52
Sel kimia yang dibina daripada gabungan dua setengah sel di atas mungkin mempunyai keputusan
yang berikut.
I Ion Mn2+ mengalami penurunan untuk membentuk ion MnO4 .
II H2O2 mengalami pengoksidaan untuk membentuk O2.
III Elektrod platinum bagi setengah sel oksigen ialah elektrod positif.
IV D.g.e. sel ialah +0.84 V.
Penyataan di atas yang manakah yang benar bagi sel kimia yang terbentuk?
A I dan II
B I dan III
C II dan IV
D III dan IV
5 Graf di bawah menunjukkan keupayaan penurunan piawai, E , bagi tindak balas setengah sel lima
unsur, P, Q, R, S, dan T.
E /V
Unsur
Dapat disimpulkan bahawa daripada P hingga T,
A keelektronegatifan unsur-unsur bertambah
B kereaktifan kimia unsur-unsur berkurang
C kekuatan unsur-unsur sebagai agen penurunan bertambah
D
kekuatan unsur-unsur sebagai agen pengoksidaan bertambah
962/2
- 22 -

The standard reduction potentials, E , for several copper and iron species are given below.
Electrode system
2+
E /V
Cu (aq)/Cu (aq)
+0.15
2+
Cu (aq)/Cu(s)
+0.34
Cu+(aq)/Cu(s)
+0.52
Fe2+(aq)/Fe(s)
0.44
Fe3+(aq)/Fe(s)
0.04
3+
2+
Fe (aq)/Fe (aq)
+0.77
Which statement regarding the species is correct?

A Cu(s) is the strongest reducing agent.
B Fe3+(aq) is the strongest oxidising agent.
C Cu2+(aq) is able to oxidise Fe2+(aq) to Fe3+(aq).
D The e.m.f. of the cell Fe(s) Fe2+(aq) Cu+(aq) Cu(s) is 0.08 V.
7 A molten compound consisting of the elements X and Y is electrolysed using a current of 1.00 A
for 1930 seconds. 2.07 g of X is formed at the cathode and 1.60 g of Y is formed at the anode. What
is the correct empirical formula for the compound?
[Relative atomic masses for X and Y are 207.0 and 80.0 respectively; Faradays constant, F, is
96 500 C mol 1.]
A XY
8
B XY2
C X2Y
D X2Y2
Across Period 3 of the Periodic Table, from sodium to chlorine

A the electronegativity of the elements decreases
B the ionisation energy of the elements decreases
C the standard reduction potential of the elements increases
D the strength of the elements as reducing agents increases
The solubilities of two sulphates of Group 2 elements in the Periodic Table are given below.
Compound
Solubility (g per 100 g)

at 20 C
CaSO4
2.3
10
BaSO4
2.3
10
Which statement best explains the above data?

A The size of Ba2+ ion is bigger than that of Ca2+ ion.
B Barium has a lower ionisation energy than calcium.
C BaSO4 has a lower lattice energy than CaSO4.
D Ba2+ ion has a lower hydration energy than Ca2+ ion.
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- 23 -

Keupayaan penurunan piawai, E , bagi beberapa spesis kuprum dan ferum diberikan di bawah.
Sistem elektrod
2+
E /V
Cu (ak)/Cu (ak)
+0.15
2+
Cu (ak)/Cu(p)
+0.34
Cu+(ak)/Cu(p)
+0.52
Fe2+(ak)/Fe(p)
0.44
Fe3+(ak)/Fe(p)
0.04
3+
2+
Fe (ak)/Fe (ak)
+0.77
Penyataan yang manakah yang betul tentang spesis itu?

A Cu(p) ialah agen penurunan yang paling kuat.
B Fe3+(ak) ialah agen pengoksidaan yang paling kuat.
C Cu2+(ak) boleh mengoksida Fe2+(ak) kepada Fe3+(ak).
D D.g.e sel Fe(p) Fe2+(ak) Cu+(ak) Cu(p) ialah 0.08 V.
7 Satu sebatian lebur yang terdiri daripada unsur X dan Y telah dielektrolisiskan menggunakan arus
1.00 A selama 1930 saat. Sebanyak 2.07 g X terbentuk di katod dan 1.60 g Y terbentuk di anod.
Apakah formula empirik yang betul bagi sebatian itu?
[Jisim atom relatif bagi X dan Y masing-masing ialah 207.0 dan 80.0; Pemalar Faraday, F, ialah
96 500 C mol 1.]
A XY
8
B XY2
C X2Y
D X2Y2
Merentasi Kala 3 Jadual Berkala, daripada natrium ke klorin

A keelektronegatifan unsur berkurang
B tenaga pengionan unsur berkurang
C keupayaan penurunan piawai unsur bertambah
D kekuatan unsur sebagai agen penurunan bertambah
Keterlarutan dua sulfat unsur Kumpulan 2 dalam Jadual Berkala diberikan di bawah.
Sebatian
Keterlarutan (g per 100 g)

pada 20 C
CaSO4
2.3
10
BaSO4
2.3
10
Penyataan yang manakah yang paling tepat menjelaskan data di atas?

A Saiz ion Ba2+ lebih besar daripada ion Ca2+.
B Barium mempunyai tenaga pengionan yang lebih rendah daripada kalsium.
C BaSO4 mempunyai tenaga kekisi yang lebih rendah daripada CaSO4.
D Ion Ba2+ mempunyai tenaga penghidratan lebih rendah daripada ion Ca2+.
962/2
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10 A tetrachloride of Group 14, XCl4, of the Periodic Table is thermally unstable and easily
hydrolysed. It decomposes at room temperature according the equation:
XCl4
XCl2 + Cl2
What is X ?
A Carbon
B Silicon
C Germanium
D Lead
11 Which statement is true of the oxides of Group 14 elements of the Periodic Table?
A All the oxides have covalent bonds.
B The oxides with +4 oxidation state can react with alkalis.
C The oxides with +4 oxidation state are more stable down the group.
D The acidity of the oxides with +2 oxidation state increases down the group.
12 An aqueous solution of X, a mixture of two compounds, has the following properties.
(i) Decomposes in the presence of light to form a gas.
(ii) Reacts with aqueous barium hydroxide to form salt and water.
(iii) Reacts with aqueous silver nitrate to form a precipitate which can dissolve in aqueous
ammonia.
The following compounds may be found in an aqueous solution of X.
I HCl
II HBr
III HOCl
IV NH4Cl
What could X be?
A I and II
B I and III
C II and IV
D III and IV
13 Halogens or their compounds are not used
A as detergents
B in photography
C as propellant in aerosol
D in the sterilisation of water
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10 Satu tetraklorida Kumpulan 14, XCl4, Jadual Berkala tidak stabil secara terma dan mudah
terhidrolisis. Tetraklorida itu terurai pada suhu bilik mengikut persamaan:
XCl4
XCl2 + Cl2
Apakah X ?
A Karbon
B Silikon
C Germanium
D Plumbum
11 Penyataan yang manakah yang benar tentang oksida unsur Kumpulan 14 Jadual Berkala?
A Kesemua oksida mempunyai ikatan kovalen.
B Oksida dengan keadaan pengoksidaan +4 boleh bertindak balas dengan alkali.
C Oksida dengan keadaan pengoksidaan +4 lebih stabil apabila menuruni kumpulan.
D Keasidan oksida dengan keadaan pengoksidaan +2 bertambah apabila menuruni kumpulan.
12 Satu larutan akueus X, suatu campuran dua sebatian, mempunyai sifat-sifat yang berikut.
(i) Terurai dalam kehadiran cahaya untuk membentuk gas.
(ii) Bertindak balas dengan akueus barium hidroksida untuk membentuk garam dan air.
(iii) Bertindak balas dengan akueus argentum nitrat untuk membentuk mendakan yang
melarut dalam ammonia akueus.
Sebatian yang berikut mungkin terdapat dalam larutan akueus X.
I HCl
II HBr
III HOCl
IV NH4Cl
Apakah X ?
A I dan II
B I dan III
C II dan IV
D III dan IV
13 Halogen atau sebatiannya tidak digunakan
A sebagai detergen
B dalam fotografi
C sebagai propelan dalam aerosol
D dalam pensterilan air
962/2
- 26 -

14 In which compound does the transition element have the lowest oxidation state?
A NH4VO3
B K3Fe(CN)6
C CrO2Cl2
D MnC2O4
15 A transition element can act as a homogeneous catalyst because
A it exhibits variable oxidation states
B it decreases the enthalpy of reactions
C it supplies energy to increase the rate of effective collisions
D it supplies electrons to facilitate adsorption through the formation of temporary bonds
962/2
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14 Sebatian yang manakah unsur peralihannya mempunyai keadaan pengoksidaan paling rendah?
A NH4VO3
B K3Fe(CN)6
C CrO2Cl2
D MnC2O4
15 Unsur peralihan boleh bertindak sebagai mangkin homogen kerana
A unsur peralihan mempamerkan keadaan pengoksidaan yang berubah
B unsur peralihan mengurangkan entalpi tindak balas
C unsur peralihan membekalkan tenaga untuk menambah kadar perlanggaran efektif
D unsur peralihan membekalkan elektron untuk memudahkan penjerapan melalui pembentukan
ikatan sementara.
962/2
- 28 -


16 (a) The two common oxides of lead are lead(II) oxide and lead(IV) oxide. Lead(II) oxide
dissolves readily in aqueous nitric acid. Lead(IV) oxide reacts with concentrated hydrochloric acid to
form lead(II) chloride and chlorine.
acid.
(i) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between lead(II) oxide and aqueous nitric
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) What is the property shown by lead(II) oxide in the reaction in part (i)?
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iii) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between lead(IV) oxide and concentrated
hydrochloric acid.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iv) State the change in the oxidation number of lead in the reaction in part (iii).
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(v) What is the property shown by lead(IV) oxide in this reaction?
[1 mark]
...................................................................................................................................................................
(vi) State the relative stability of lead(II) and lead(IV) compounds.
[1 mark]
...................................................................................................................................................................
(b) PbCl4 is a liquid at room temperature and undergoes hydrolysis.
(i) State the geometrical shape of PbCl4.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Why does PbCl4 undergo hydrolysis?
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
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16 (a) Dua oksida plumbum yang lazim ialah plumbum(II) oksida dan plumbum(IV) oksida.
Plumbum(II) oksida melarut dengan mudah dalam asid nitrik akueus. Plumbum(IV) oksida bertindak
balas dengan asid hidroklorik pekat untuk membentuk plumbum(II) klorida dan klorin.
(i) Tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas antara plumbum(II) oksida dengan asid
nitrik akueus.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Apakah sifat yang ditunjukkan oleh plumbum(II) oksida dalam tindak balas pada
bahagian (i)?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iii) Tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas antara plumbum(IV) oksida dengan asid
hdroklorik pekat.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iii).
(iv) Nyatakan perubahan nombor pengoksidaan plumbum dalam tindak balas pada bahagian
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(v) Apakah sifat yang ditunjukkan oleh plumbum(IV) oksida dalam tindak balas ini?
[1 markah]
...................................................................................................................................................................
(vi) Nyatakan kestabilan relatif sebatian plumbum(II) dan sebatian plumbum(IV).
[1 markah]
...................................................................................................................................................................
(b) PbCl4 adalah cecair pada suhu bilik dan mengalami hidrolisis.
(i) Nyatakan bentuk geometri PbCl4.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Mengapakah PbCl4 mengalami hidrolisis?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/2
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17 (a) A bleach liquid can be prepared from the reaction of chlorine with aqueous solution of
sodium hydroxide at room temperature.
(i) Write a balanced ionic equation for the reaction that occurs.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) State the change in oxidation state of chlorine in the reaction.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iii) State the active substance of bleaching liquid formed.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Photochromic glass is made based on the concept of black-white photography.
(i) What is the additive substance of photochromic glass?
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) State what happens when photochromic glass is exposed to light, and write a balanced
equation for the reaction.
[3 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
Equation:....................................................................................................................................................
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- 31 -

17 (a) Satu cecair peluntur boleh disediakan daripada tindak balas klorin dengan larutan akueus
natrium hidroksida pada suhu bilik.
(i) Tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas yang berlaku.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Nyatakan perubahan keadaan pengoksidaan klorin dalam tindak balas itu.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(iii) Nyatakan bahan aktif cecair peluntur yang terbentuk.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(b) Kaca fotokromik dibuat berdasarkan konsep fotografi hitam putih.
(i) Apakah bahan tambahan kaca fotokromik?
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Nyatakan apakah yang berlaku apabila kaca fotokromik terdedah kepada cahaya, dan
tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas itu.
[3 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
Persamaan:................................................................................................................................................
962/2
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18 (a) Liquid hydrazine, N2H4, is used as a rocket fuel because its enthalpy of combustion is highly
exothermic. The thermochemical equation for the combustion of hydrazine is as follows:
N2H4(1) + O2(g)
H = 534.0 kJ
N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
(i) In an experiment, 1.0 g of hydrazine is burnt in a bomb calorimeter. Calculate the

temperature change if the total heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter and its contents is 5.86 kJ C1.
[5 marks]
(ii) The enthalpy of formation of water vapour is 242.0 kJ mol1. Calculate the enthalpy
of formation of hydrazine.
[3 marks]
(b) The enthalpies of vaporisation of the sodium, aluminium and chlorine are given in the table
below.
Element
chlorine.
Enthalpy of vaporisation/kJ mol1
Sodium
103
Aluminium
294
Chlorine
20.4
(i) Explain the variations in the enthalpies of vaporisation of sodium, aluminium and
[4 marks]
(ii) Sodium and aluminium react separately with chlorine to form sodium chloride and
aluminium chloride respectively. Which of these compounds has a higher enthalpy of vaporisation?
Justify your answer.
[3 marks]
19 Explain the variations of the following properties on descending Group 2 of the Periodic Table.
Write equations where appropriate.
(a) First ionisation energy of the elements.
[5 marks]
(b) Reactivity of the elements towards water.
[5 marks]
(c) Thermal stability of their nitrates.
[5 marks]
962/2
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18 (a) Cecair hidrazina, N2H4, digunakan sebagai bahan api roket kerana entalpi pembakarannya
sangat eksotermik. Persamaan termokimia bagi pembakaran hidrazina adalah seperti yang berikut:
N2H4(c) + O2(g)
H = 534.0 kJ
N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
(i) Dalam satu uji kaji, 1.0 g hidrazina dibakar dalam kalorimeter bom. Hitung perubahan
suhu jika jumlah muatan haba kalorimeter bom dan kandungannya itu ialah 5.86 kJ C1.
[5 markah]
(ii) Entalpi pembentukan wap air ialah 242.0 kJ mol1. Hitung entalpi pembentukan
hidrazina.
[3 markah]
(b) Entalpi pengewapan natrium, aluminium, dan klorin diberikan dalam jadual di bawah.
Unsur
Entalpi pengewapan /kJ mol1
Natrium
103
Aluminium
294
Klorin
20.4
(i) Jelaskan perubahan entalpi pengewapan natrium, aluminium, dan klorin.
[4 markah]
(ii) Natrium dan aluminium masing-masing bertindak balas secara berasingan dengan
klorin untuk membentuk natrium klorida dan aluminium klorida. Sebatian tersebut yang manakah
yang mempunyai entalpi pegewapan paling tinggi? Justifikasikan jawapan anda.
[3 markah]
19 Jelaskan ubahan sifat yang berikut apabila menuruni Kumpulan 2 Jadual Berkala. Tulis
persamaan di mana-mana yang sesuai.
(a) Tenaga pengionan pertama unsur.
[5 markah]
(b) Kereaktifan unsur terhadap air.
[5 markah]
(c) Kestabilan terma nitratnya.
[5 markah]
962/2
- 34 -

20 (a) The common oxidation states of the transition metal ions below are +2 and +3. The graph
below shows the trend in standard reduction potentials of M 3+(aq)/M 2+(aq) system of selected
transition metal ions.
Standard
electrode
potential
/V
answer.
(i) Name two ions that have stable +2 oxidation state in aqueous solution. Justify your
[3 marks]
(ii) The standard reduction potentials, E , of several species are given below.
Reaction
E /V
Fe2+ + 2e
Fe
0.44
Fe3+ + 3e
Fe
0.04
Fe3+ + 3e
Fe2+
O2 + 4H+ + 4e
O2 + 2H2O + 4e
+
O2 + 2H + 2e
+1.77
2H2O
4OH
H2O2
+1.23
+0.40
+0.68
Using the appropriate E values, explain why an aqueous solution of iron(II) ions changes
from pale green to yellow when exposed to air.
[6 marks]
(b) (i) Name the complex ions [Ni(NH2CH2CH2NH2)3]2+ and [Ni(CN)4]2 according to IUPAC
nomenclature.
[2 marks]
(ii) Aqueous nickel(II) chloride reacts with aqueous ammonia to form a precipitate X. X
dissolves in excess aqueous ammonia to form a solution Y. Write the equations for the reactions that
occur, and state the colours of X and Y.
[4 marks]
962/2
- 35 -

20 (a) Keadaan pengoksidaan lazim bagi ion logam peralihan di bawah ialah +2 dan +3. Graf
di bawah menunjukkan trend keupayaan penurunan piawai bagi sistem M 3+(ak)/M 2+(ak) bagi ion
logam peralihan yang terpilih.
Keupayaan
elektrod
piawai
/V
(i) Namakan dua ion yang mempunyai keadaan pengoksidaan +2 yang stabil dalam larutan
akueus. Justifikasikan jawapan anda.
[3 markah]
(ii) Keupayaan penurunan piawai, E , bagi beberapa spesis diberikan di bawah.
Tindak balas
Fe2+ + 2e
3+
Fe + 3e
3+
Fe + 3e
0.44
Fe
0.04
Fe
Fe
O2 + 4H + 4e
O2 + 2H2O + 4e
O2 + 2H+ + 2e
E /V
2+
+1.77
2H2O
4OH
H2O2
+1.23
+0.40
+0.68
Dengan menggunakan nilai E yang bersesuaian, jelaskan mengapa larutan akueus ion
ferum(II) berubah daripada hijau pucat kepada kuning apabila terdedah ke udara.
[6 markah]
(b) (i) Namakan ion kompleks [Ni(NH2CH2CH2NH2)3]2+ dan ion kompleks [Ni(CN)4]2
mengikut tatanama IUPAC.
[2 markah]
(ii) Nikel(II) klorida akueus bertindak balas dengan ammonia akueus untuk membentuk
mendakan X. X melarut dalam ammonia akueus berlebihan untuk membentuk larutan Y. Tulis
persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku, dan nyatakan warna X dan Y.
[4 markah]
962/2
- 36 -


SPECIMEN PAPER
962/3
STPM
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 3 (KERTAS 3)


TOLD TO DO SO.
provided.
numerical order.
For examiners use

(Untuk kegunaan
pemeriksa)
Section B
(Bahagian B)
16
17
Section C
(Bahagian C)
Total
(Jumlah)

DEMIKIAN.
berangka.

printed pages and
STPM 962/3
- 37 -

blank page.
halaman kosong.)

1
Which compound has a carbon atom that exhibits sp3 hybridisation?

A CH2=CH CH=CH2
CH=CH2
B
CH3
C
D H C C H
2 When 0.1 mol of hydrocarbon X is burnt in excess oxygen, 17.6 g carbon dioxide is produced.
0.1 mol of X is found to react with 4.48 dm3 of bromine vapour under standard conditions. What is
the possible structural formula of X ?
[Relative atomic massess of C and O are 12.0 and 16.0 respectively ; the molar volume of a gas is
22.4 dm3 at stp.]
A CH3CH=CHCH3
B CH2=C=C=CH2
C CH3CH2CH2CH3
D CH2=CHCH=CH2
3
Which compound shows optical isomerism?

A CH3CH=CHCH3
B CH3CH2C(Cl)2CH3
C CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3
D HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
Which reaction involves an electrophilic reagent?

A CH3CH3 + Cl2
B CH3Br + NaOH
CH3CH2Cl + HCl
CH3OH + NaBr
C CH3CH=CH2 + HBr
CH3CHBrCH3
D CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH
CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O
5 A mixture of excess ethane and chlorine is exposed to light. What is the major product of the
reaction?
A Cl3CCH3
B ClCH2CH3
C Cl2CHCH3
D Cl2CHCHCl2
962/3
- 38 -


1
Sebatian yang manakah yang mempunyai atom karbon yang menunjukkan penghibridan sp3?
A CH2=CH CH=CH2
CH=CH2
B
CH3
C
D H C C H
2 Apabila 0.1 mol hidrokarbon X dibakar dalam oksigen berlebihan, 17.6 g karbon dioksida
dihasilkan. Didapati bahawa 0.1 mol X akan bertindak balas dengan 4.48 dm3 wap bromin dalam
keadaan piawai. Apakah formula struktur yang mungkin bagi X ?
[Jisim atom relatif bagi C dan O masing-masing ialah 12.0 dan 16.0; isi padu molar gas ialah
22.4 dm3 pada stp.]
A CH3CH=CHCH3
B CH2=C=C=CH2
C CH3CH2CH2CH3
D CH2=CHCH=CH2
3
Sebatian yang manakah yang menunjukkan isomer optik?

A CH3CH=CHCH3
B CH3CH2C(Cl)2CH3
C CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3
D HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
Tindak balas yang manakah yang melibatkan reagen elektrofilik?

A CH3CH3 + Cl2
B CH3Br + NaOH
CH3CH2Cl + HCl
CH3OH + NaBr
C CH3CH=CH2 + HBr
CH3CHBrCH3
D CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH
CH3COOCH2CH3 + H2O
5 Satu campuran etana yang berlebihan dan klorin terdedah kepada cahaya. Apakah hasil utama
tindak balas itu?
A Cl3CCH3
B ClCH2CH3
C Cl2CHCH3
D Cl2CHCHCl2
962/3
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6 An organic compound Z undergoes a catalytic hydrogenation reaction. Z also reacts with

hydrogen bromide to form 2-bromopropane.
The structural formula of Z is
A CH3CH2CH3
B CH2 CH2
C CH3CH CH2
D CH3CH(OH)CH3
7
The following statements are about nitration of benzene.

I Nitric acid acts as an electrophile.
II The reaction involves free radicals.
III Nitronium ion, NO2+, is an electrophile.
IV Nitronium ion, NO2+, is formed from concentrated H2SO4 and HNO3.
Which statements regarding the mechanism of nitration of benzene are true?
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV
8 Which reaction occurs through SN1 mechanism?

A C6H5CH2Br + NH3
C6H5CH2NH2 + HBr
B (CH3)3CBr + NaOH
(CH3)3COH + NaBr
C CH3CHBrCH3 + KCN
CH3CH(CN)CH3 + KBr
D CH3CH2CH2Br + KOH
CH3CH2CH2OH + KBr
9 When an optically active compound Z is heated with chromic acid, the product formed is not
optically active but react with alkaline iodine. Compound Z could be
A (CH3)2CHCH2OH
B CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3
C CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3
D
CH(OH)CH2CH3
10 Compound X is oxidised to compound Y. Y does not reduce Fehlings solution. X could be

A CH3CH2CH2OH
B CH3CHOHCH3
C (CH3)3COH
D CH3COCH3
962/3
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6 Satu sebatian organik Z mengalami tindak balas penghidrogenan bermangkin. Z juga bertindak
balas dengan hidrogen bromida untuk membentuk 2-bromopropana.
Formula struktur Z ialah
A CH3CH2CH3
B CH2 CH2
C CH3CH CH2
D CH3CH(OH)CH3
7
Penyataan yang berikut adalah tentang penitratan benzena.

I Asid nitrik bertindak sebagai elektrofil.
II Tindak balas melibatkan radikal bebas.
III Ion nitronium, NO2+ ialah elektrofil.
IV Ion nitronium, NO2+, terbentuk daripada H2SO4 pekat dan HNO3.
Penyataan yang manakah yang betul berkaitan dengan mekanisme penitratan benzena?
A I dan II
B I dan IV
C II dan III
D III dan IV
8 Tindak balas yang manakah yang berlaku melalui mekanisme SN1?

A C6H5CH2Br + NH3
C6H5CH2NH2 + HBr
B (CH3)3CBr + NaOH
(CH3)3COH + NaBr
C CH3CHBrCH3 + KCN
CH3CH(CN)CH3 + KBr
D CH3CH2CH2Br + KOH
CH3CH2CH2OH + KBr
9 Apabila sebatian Z yang aktif optik dipanaskan dengan asid kromik, hasil yang terbentuk tidak
aktif optik tetapi bertindak balas dengan iodin beralkali. Sebatian Z mungkin
A (CH3)2CHCH2OH
B CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3
C CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)CH3
D
CH(OH)CH2CH3
10 Sebatian X dioksidakan kepada sebatian Y. Y tidak menurunkan larutan Fehlings. X mungkin

A CH3CH2CH2OH
B CH3CHOHCH3
C (CH3)3COH
D CH3COCH3
962/3
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11 Which compound produces a yellow precipitate when reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine?

O
A CH3CH2CH2C OH
O
B CH3CH2C OCH3
O
C CH3CH2CH2C Cl
O
D CH3CH2CCH3
12 Phenol is used to prepare CH3COOC6H5 through an intermediate X as shown in the following
scheme.
Reagent I
C6H5OH
Reagent II
CH3COOC6H5
What are reagent I and reagent II in the above scheme?

Reagent I
Reagent II
A Na
CH3COCl
B PCl5
CH3COCl
C PCl5
CH3COOH
D NaOH
CH3COOH
13 An amine is produced in a two-step reaction as shown below.

2-Bromopropane
KCN/ethanol
Na/ethanol
Amine
What is the structural formula of this amine?

A CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
B CH3CH2CH(CH3)NH2
C (CH3)2CHCH2NH2
D CH3CH(NH2)CH3
14 The structural formula of a peptide is as follows.
O
H2N
CH
CH
CH2OH
CH3
O
N
CH
CH2CH2CH2NH2
The peptide is
A a dipeptide
B a tripeptide
C a neutral compound
D an acidic compound
962/3
- 42 -

OH
11 Sebatian yang manakah yang menghasilkan mendakan kuning apabila bertindak balas dengan
2,4-dinitrofenilhidrazina?
O
A CH3CH2CH2C OH
O
B CH3CH2C OCH3
O
C CH3CH2CH2C Cl
O
D CH3CH2CCH3
12 Fenol digunakan untuk menyediakan CH3COOC6H5 melalui perantaraan X seperti ditunjukkan
dalam skema yang berikut.
Reagen I
C6H5OH
Reagen II
CH3COOC6H5
Apakah reagen I dan reagen II dalam skema di atas?

Reagen I
Reagen II
A Na
CH3COCl
B PCl5
CH3COCl
C PCl5
CH3COOH
D NaOH
CH3COOH
13 Suatu amina dihasilkan dalam dua langkah tindak balas seperti ditunjukkan di bawah.
2-Bromopropana
KCN/etanol
Na/etanol
Amina
Apakah formula struktur amina ini?

A CH3CH2CH2CH2NH2
B CH3CH2CH(CH3)NH2
C (CH3)2CHCH2NH2
D CH3CH(NH2)CH3
14 Formula struktur suatu peptida adalah seperti yang berikut.
O
H2N
CH
CH
CH2OH
CH3
O
N
CH
CH2CH2CH2NH2
Peptida itu ialah

A dipeptida
B tripeptida
C sebatian neutral
D sebatian berasid
962/3
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OH
15 The following is a pair of a polymer and its possible repeating unit.

Polymer
Repeating unit
I Poly(propene)
CH(CH3)CH2
II Poly(styrene)
CHCH2CHCH2
III Terylene
OCH2CH2OCO
IV Nylon-6,6
CO(CH2)5NH
CO
Which is the correct match between a polymer and its repeating unit?
A I and II
B I and IV
C II and III
D III and IV
962/3
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15 Padanan yang berikut adalah tentang polimer dan unit ulangan yang mungkin.
Polimer
I Poli(propena)
II Poli(stirena)
Unit ulangan
CH(CH3)CH2
CHCH2CHCH2
III Terilena
OCH2CH2OCO
IV Nilon-6,6
CO(CH2)5NH
CO
Padanan yang manakah yang betul antara polimer dan unit ulangannya?
A I dan II
B I dan IV
C II dan III
D III dan IV
962/3
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16 (a) Starting with 1-bromopropane, CH3CH2CH2Br, show the reaction schemes to synthesise the
following carboxylic acids.
[4 marks]
(i) CH3CH2COOH
(ii) CH3CH2CH2COOH
(b) Write equations for the reactions between benzoyl chloride, C6H5COCl, and the following
compounds, and name the organic products according to the IUPAC nomenclature.
[4 marks]
(i) CH3NH2
(ii) C6H5OH
962/3
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16 (a) Bermula dengan 1-bromopropana, CH3CH2CH2Br, tunjukkan skema tindak balas untuk
mensintesiskan asid karboksilik yang berikut.
[4 markah]
(i) CH3CH2COOH
(ii) CH3CH2CH2COOH
(b) Tulis persamaan bagi tindak balas antara benzoil klorida, C6H5COCl, dengan sebatian yang
berikut, dan namakan hasil-hasil organik itu mengikut tatanama IUPAC.
[4 markah]
(i) CH3NH2
(ii) C6H5OH
962/3
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17 (a) Compound X is a phenylalanine which is an essential amino acid that must be provided in the
diet for healthy growth. The structural formula of X is given below.
NH2
CH2
CHCOOH
(i) Name the functional groups in compound X.
[2 marks]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Draw the structure of X at isoelectric point. State the direction of the movement of X
when a potential difference is applied to an aqueous solution of X at isoelectric point.
[2 marks]
(iii) Draw the structure of X at pH = 2.
[1 mark]
(iv) Draw the structure of dipeptide formed from two molecules of X.
[1 mark]
(v) Name the lingkage in the dipeptide.
[1 mark]
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/3
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17 (a) Sebatian X ialah fenilalanina yang merupakan asid amino perlu disediakan dalam diet untuk
pertumbuhan yang sihat. Formula struktur X diberikan di bawah.
NH2
CH2
CHCOOH
(i) Namakan kumpulan berfungsi dalam sebatian X.
[2 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) Lukis struktur X pada takat isoelektrik. Nyatakan arah gerakan X apabila satu beza
keupayaan dikenakan pada larutan akueus X pada takat isoelektrik.
[2 markah]
(iii) Lukis struktur X pada pH = 2.
[1 markah]
(iv) Lukis struktur dipeptida yang terbentuk daripada dua molekul X.
[1 markah]
(v) Namakan rangkaian dalam dipeptida itu.
[1 markah]
....................................................................................................................................................................
962/3
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18 (a) Methylbenzene is obtained from benzene using Friedel-Crafts reaction.
(i) State the reagent and conditions required for the reaction.
[2 marks]
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the reaction.
[1 mark]
(iii) State the electrophile involved in this reaction.
[1 mark]
(iv) Describe a simple chemical test to detect the presence of methylbenzene. Write an
equation for the reaction involved.
[3 marks]
(b) Chlorine gas is bubbled into methylbenzene in the presence of light and in the absence of a
catalyst.
(i) Draw structural formulae of any two organic compounds formed and name them.
[4 marks]
(ii) Write the mechanism for the reaction.
[4 marks]
19 The table below lists the acid dissociation constants, Ka, for three hydroxy compounds in aqueous
solutions at 298 K.
Name of compound
Formula
Ka/mol dm
Cyclohexanol
OH
1.0
10
18
Phenol
OH
1.0
10
10
OH
6.8
10
11
4-Methylphenol
H3C
(a) Arrange the three compounds above in the order of increasing acidity. Justify your answer.
[7 marks]
(b) Describe a chemical test to differentiate the acidity between cyclohexanol and phenol.
[4 marks]
(c) State the reagents and reaction conditions in the oxidation and bromination of
4-methylphenol, and draw the structural formula of the products formed.
[4 marks]
962/3
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18 (a) Metilbenzena diperoleh daripada benzena menggunakan tindak balas Friedel-Crafts.
(i) Nyatakan reagen dan keadaan yang diperlukan bagi tindak balas itu.
[2 markah]
(ii) Tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas itu.
[1 markah]
(iii) Nyatakan elektrofil yang terlibat dalam tindak balas tersebut.
[1 markah]
(iv) Perihalkan satu ujian kimia ringkas untuk mengesan kehadiran metilbenzena. Tulis
persamaan bagi tindak balas yang terlibat.
[3 markah]
(b) Gas klorin dilalugelembungkan ke dalam metilbenzena dalam kehadiran cahaya dan dalam
ketakhadiran mangkin.
(i) Lukis formula struktur mana-mana dua sebatian organik yang terbentuk dan
namakannya.
[4 markah]
(ii) Tulis mekanisme bagi tindak balas itu.
[4 markah]
19 Jadual di bawah menyenaraikan pemalar penceraian asid, Ka, bagi tiga sebatian hidroksi dalam
larutan akueus pada 298 K.
Nama sebatian
Formula
Ka/mol dm
Sikloheksanol
OH
1.0
10
18
Fenol
OH
1.0
10
10
OH
6.8
10
11
4-Metilfenol
H3C
(a) Susun tiga sebatian di atas mengikut tertib menaik keasidannya. Justifikasikan jawapan anda.
[7 markah]
(b) Perihalkan satu ujian kimia untuk membezakan keasidan antara sikloheksanol dengan fenol.
[4 markah]
(c) Nyatakan reagen dan keadaan tindak balas dalam pengoksidaan dan pembrominan
4-metilfenol, dan lukis formula struktur hasil yang terbentuk.
[4 markah]
962/3
- 51 -

20 A monobasic carboxylic acid Z has the following composition by mass: carbon, 54.5%; hydrogen,
9.1%; and oxygen, 36.4%. Titration of 0.10 g of Z requires 11.40 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm 3 sodium
hyroxide for complete neutralisation. Z can be synthesised from 1-propanol by a three-step reaction as
shown below.
I
II
CH3CH2CH2OH
III
(a) Determine the empirical and molecular formulae of Z.
[6 marks]
(b) State the reagents and the conditions required in each of the steps.
[3 marks]
(c) Draw the structural formulae of X, Y and Z.
[3 marks]
(d) A mixture of 1-propanol and Z is refluxed with concentrated sulphuric acid. Name the
reaction and the organic product formed, and write a balanced equation for the reaction involved.
[3 marks]
[Relative atomic masses of H, C and O are 1.0, 12.0 and 16.0 respectively.]
962/3
- 52 -

20 Satu asid karboksilik monobes Z mempunyai komposisi mengikut jisim: karbon, 54.5%; hidrogen,
9.1%; dan oxigen, 36.4%. Pentitratan 0.10 g Z memerlukan 11.40 cm3 natrium hidroksida
0.100 mol dm 3 untuk peneutralan lengkap. Z dapat disintesiskan daripada 1-propanol melalui tiga
langkah tindak balas seperti ditunjukkan di bawah.
I
CH3CH2CH2OH
II
III
(a) Tentukan formula empirik dan formula molekul Z.
[6 markah]
(b) Nyatakan reagen dan keadaan yang diperlukan dalam setiap langkah itu.
[3 markah]
(c) Lukis formula struktur X, Y, dan Z.
[3 markah]
(d) Satu campuran 1-propanol dan Z direfluks dengan asid sulfurik pekat. Namakan tindak balas
dan hasil organik yang terbentuk, dan tulis persamaan berimbang bagi tindak balas yang terlibat.
[3 markah]
[Jisim atom relatif bagi H, C, dan O masing-masing ialah 1.0, 12.0, dan 16.0.]
962/3
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SPECIMEN EXPERIMENT
962/4
STPM
CHEMISTRY
PAPER 4



STPM 962/4
- 54 -

STUDENTS MANUAL 20___/20___
STPM CHEMISTRY
Topic
Thermochemistry
Purpose
To determine the heat of neutralisation of a strong acid with a strong base
Materials :
KA 1 is 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid.

KA 2 is a 1.0 mol dm-3 solution of a strong acid W.
KA 3 is 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous sodium hydroxide.
KA 4 is 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid.
KA 5 is 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous potassium hydroxide.
Procedure :
(a) By means of a pipette, place 10.0 cm3 of KA 1 into a plastic cup. Record the
temperature of KA 1 as the initial temperature of mixture X in the table below.
By means of a measuring cylinder, add 30 cm3 of solution KA 3 into the plastic
cup containing KA 1. Stir mixture X carefully with a thermometer and record the
highest temperature attained in the table below. Pour away mixture X from the
plastic cup. Then clean and rinse the cup with distilled water.
Repeat the above procedure using
(i) 10.0 cm3 of KA 2 to replace KA 1 to obtain mixture Y, and
(ii) 10.0 cm3 of KA 4 and 30 cm3 of KA 5 to replace KA 1 and KA 3
respectively to obtain mixture Z.
Results
(b) Complete the table below.

Mixture X
KA 1 + KA 3
Mixture Y
KA 2 + KA 3
Mixture Z
KA 4 + KA 5
Highest temperature/ C
Initial temperature/ C
Increase in temperature/ C
Questions :
(c) If 4.2 Joules is required to raise the temperature by 1 C for 1 cm3 of solution,
calculate the heat released for each of the experiments conducted.
(d) Calculate the number of moles of the following solutions added into the plastic
cup.
(i) Sodium hydroxide
(ii) Potassium hydroxide
(iii) Hydrochloric acid
(iv) Nitric acid
(v) Acid W
962/4
- 55 -

STUDENTS MANUAL 20___/20___
STPM CHEMISTRY
(e) Write an ionic equation for the reaction taking place in mixtures X, Y, and Z.
(f) Calculate the heat of neutralisation for each reaction.
(g)
(i) Explain why the values of the heat of neutralisation you obtained differ in
mixtures X, Y, and Z.
(ii) The heat of neutralisation between a strong acid and a strong base is
57.3 kJ mol 1. How would you improve the given procedure so that an
approximate value of 57.3 kJ mol 1 could be obtained?
962/4
- 56 -


SPECIMEN PAPER
962/5
STPM
CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)
PAPER 5 (KERTAS 5)


TOLD TO DO SO.
Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
For examiners use

(Untuk kegunaan
pemeriksa)
1

All working should be shown. Numerical answers should be given to
an appropriate number of significant figures or decimal places; units
should be quoted where appropriate.
For your calculations, use the following relative atomic masses:
2
3
Total
(Jumlah)
H = 1.0; Mn = 54.9; N = 14.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0; K = 39.1.


DEMIKIAN.
Jawab semua soalan. Tulis jawapan anda dalam ruang yang disediakan.
Semua kerja hendaklah ditunjukkan. Jawapan berangka hendaklah diberikan hingga bilangan
anga bererti atau tempat perpuluhan yang sesuai; unit hendaklah dinyatakan di mana-mana yang
sesuai.
Untuk penghitungan anda, gunakan jisim atom relatif yang berikut:
H = 1.0; Mn = 54.9; N = 14.0; C = 12.0; O = 16.0; K = 39.1.

printed pages and
STPM 962/5
- 57 -

blank page.
halaman kosong.)
1 An experiment was carried out to determine the percentage of ammonium ethanedioate,

(NH4)2C2O4, in a mixture of two ethanedioate salts.
An aqueous solution of X was prepared by dissolving a mixture of (NH4)2C2O4 and KHC2O4 in
distilled water.
(a) In this experiment, 25.0 cm3 of the aqueous solution of X was pipetted into a titration flask
followed by 25 cm3 of sulphuric acid and then heated to a temperature of approximately 60 oC. The
aqueous solution of X was then titrated with 0.02 mol dm 3 aqueous solution of potassium
manganate(VII) . The reactions involved are shown by the following equation.
2MnO4 (aq) + 5C2O42 (aq) + 16H+(aq)
2Mn2+(aq) + 10CO2 (g) + 8H2O(l)
(i) State the steps taken in transferring 25.0 cm3 of the aqueous solution of X into the
titration flask by using a pipette.
[3 marks]
(ii) The burette readings for the rough and accurate titrations are shown in the table below.
Complete the table.
[1 mark]
Titration
Rough
Accurate
First
Second
Third
Final reading/cm3
30.0
30.75
30.05
30.90
Initial reading/cm3
1.1
2.20
1.30
2.20
Volume of KMnO4
aqueous solution/cm3
28.9
(iii) By showing the suitable values of titres chosen, calculate the average titre value.
[2 marks]
962/5
- 58 -

1 Satu uji kaji telah dijalankan untuk menentukan peratusan ammonium etanadioat, (NH4)2C2O4,
dalam satu campuran dua garam etanadioat.
Larutan akueus X disediakan dengan melarutkan campuran (NH4)2C2O4 dan KHC2O4 dalam air
suling.
(a) Dalam uji kaji ini, 25.0 cm3 larutan akueus X dipipetkan ke dalam kelalang pentitratan diikuti
25 cm3 asid sulfurik dan kemudian dipanaskan ke suhu lebih kurang 60 C. Larutan akues X kemudian
dititratkan dengan larutan akues kalium manganat(VII) 0.02 mol dm 3. Tindak balas yang terlibat
ditunjukkan dengan persamaan yang berikut.
2MnO4 (ak) + 5C2O42 (ak) + 16H+(ak)
2Mn2+(ak) + 10CO2 (g) + 8H2O(c)
(i) Nyatakan langkah-langkah yang diambil untuk memindahkan 25.0 cm3 larutan akueus
X ke dalam kelalang pentitratan dengan menggunakan sebuah pipet.
[3 markah]
(ii) Bacaan buret bagi pentitratan kasar dan jitu ditunjukkan dalam jadual di bawah.
Lengkapkan jadual ini.
[1 markah]
Pentitratan
Kasar
Jitu
Pertama
Kedua
Ketiga
Bacaan akhir/cm3
30.0
30.75
30.05
30.90
Bacaan awal/cm3
1.1
2.20
1.30
2.20
Isi padu larutan akueus

KMnO4 /cm3
28.9
(iii) Hitung nilai purata titer dengan menunjukkan nilai-nilai titer yang sesuai digunakan.
[2 markah]
962/5
- 59 -

(iv) Calculate the concentration, in mol dm 3, of ethanedioate ions C2O42 in the aqueous
solution of X.
[2 marks]
(v) Name a suitable apparatus used to measure 25 cm3 of sulphuric acid.
[1 mark]
(b) When 25.0 cm3 of the aqueous solution of X was titrated with 0.05 mol dm 3 aqueous solution
of sodium hydroxide using a suitable indicator, it was found that 12.40 cm3 of aqueous solution of
sodium hydroxide was needed for a complete reaction.
(i) State a suitable indicator used for this titration.
[1 mark]
(ii) State the colour of the solution at the end point of the titration.
[1 mark]
(iii) Calculate the concentration, in mol dm 3, of KHC2O4 in the aqueous solution of X.

[2 marks]
(iv) Calculate the percentage by mass of (NH4)2C2O4 in the aqueous solution of X.

[2 marks]
962/5
- 60 -

(iv) Hitung kepekatan, dalam mol dm 3, ion etanadioat C2O42 dalam larutan akueus X.
[2 markah]
(v) Namakan alat radas yang sesuai digunakan untuk menyukat 25 cm3 asid sulfurik.
[1 markah]
(b) Apabila 25.0 cm3 larutan akueus X dititratkan dengan larutan akueus natrium hidroksida
0.05 mol dm 3 dengan menggunakan penunjuk yang sesuai, didapati bahawa 12.40 cm3 larutan akueus
natrium hidroksida diperlukan bagi tindak balas lengkap.
(i) Nyatakan penunjuk yang sesuai digunakan dalam penitratan ini.
[1 markah]
(ii) Nyatakan warna larutan pada takat akhir penitratan.
[1 markah]
(iii) Hitung kepekatan, dalam mol dm 3, KHC2O4 dalam larutan akueus X.
[2 markah]
(iv) Hitung peratusan mengikut jisim (NH4)2C2O4 dalam larutan akueus X.
[2 markah]
962/5
- 61 -

An experiment is carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction.
In the experiment, 50.0 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm 3 hydrogen peroxide solution and 20.0 cm3 of
1.0 mol dm 3 sulphuric acid are added into a conical flask containing 25.0 cm3 of 0.15 mol dm 3
potassium iodide solution, 10.0 cm3 of 0.050 mol dm 3 sodium thiosulphate solution and 10.0 cm3 of
0.5% starch solution.
(a) The duration from the instant hydrogen peroxide solution is added to the mixture until the
appearance of the blue colouration at different temperatures is recorded in the table below.
Complete the table.
[1 mark]
Temperature T/ C
18.0
28.0
38.0
48.0
Time t/s
73.0
49.0
36.0
25.0
1 1
/s
t
(i) Name a suitable apparatus used to measure 50.0 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide solution.
[1 mark]
(ii)
What causes the blue colouration?
[1 mark]
(iii)
Write the equation for the reaction between hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide.
[1 mark]
(iv) What is the relationship between the rate of reaction and
1
?
t
[1 mark]
962/5
- 62 -

Satu uji kaji telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan suhu terhadap kadar tindak balas.
Dalam uji kaji itu, 50.0 cm3 larutan hidrogen peroksida 0.10 mol dm 3 dan 20.0 cm3 asid sulfurik
1.0 mol dm 3 ditambahkan ke dalam satu kelalang kon yang mengandung 25.0 cm3 larutan kalium
iodida 0.15 mol dm 3, 10.0 cm3 larutan natrium tiosulfat 0.050 mol dm 3, dan 10.0 cm3 larutan kanji
0.5%.
(a) Tempoh masa dari ketika larutan hidrogen peroksida ditambahkan ke dalam campuran
sehingga kewujudan warna biru larutan pada suhu yang berlainan direkodkan dalam jadual di bawah.
Lengkapkan jadual ini.
[1 markah]
Suhu T/ C
18.0
28.0
38.0
48.0
Masa t/s
73.0
49.0
36.0
25.0
1 1
/s
t
(i) Namakan alat radas yang sesuai digunakan untuk menyukat 50.0 cm3 larutan hidrogen
peroksida.
[1 markah]
(ii)
Apakah yang menyebabkan warna biru larutan?
[1 markah]
(iii)
Tulis persamaan bagi tindak balas antara hidrogen peroksida dengan kalium iodida.
[1 markah]
(iv) Apakah hubungan antara kadar tindak balas dengan
1
?
t
[1 markah]
962/5
- 63 -

(b) Plot a graph of
1
against T.
t
[2 marks]
962/5
- 64 -

(c) Based on the graph,

(i) state the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction.
[1 mark]
........
(ii) compare the rates of the reaction at 30 C and 40 C. Explain your answer.
[2 marks]
........
........
........
(d) Describe a method to determine the appearance of the blue colouration.
[2 marks]
........
........
(e) Suggest an experiment to study the effect of concentration of hydrogen peroxide on the rate of
reaction.
[3 marks]
........
........
........
........
962/5
- 65 -

(c) Berdasarkan graf itu,

(i) nyatakan kesan suhu terhadap kadar tindak balas.
[1 markah]
........
(ii) bandingkan kadar tindak balas pada 30 C dan 40 C. Jelaskan jawapan anda.
[2 markah]
........
........
........
(d) Perihalkan kaedah untuk menentukan kemunculan warna biru larutan.
[2 markah]
........
........
(e) Cadangkan satu uji kaji untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan hidrogen peroksida terhadap kadar
tindak balas.
[3 markah]
........
........
........
........
962/5
- 66 -

3 When water is added to a white solid U, a solution containing Al3+, NH4+ and SO42 ions is
obtained. The scheme below shows some observations obtained when certain reagents are added to
the white solid U and its aqueous solution.
K2CrO4(aq)
(iv)
Na2CO3(aq)
White solid U
Gases X and Y
Gas Z
Water
White fumes
Aqueous solution of U
NaOH(aq)
Pb(NO3)2(aq)
NH3(aq)
Ba(NO3)2(aq)
Nessler
reagent
(iv)
(i)
White precipitate
Excess
NaOH(aq)
(iii)
Dilute
HNO3
II
(ii)
(v)
Colourless
solution
Colourless
solution
I
White precipitate
Gas W
(a) What is the colour of an aqueous solution of U?
[1 mark]
........
Using Appendix A and Appendix B, answer the following questions.
(b) State the observations (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi).
[6 marks]
(i) .
(ii) .
(iii) .
(iv) .
(v) .
(vi) .
962/5
- 67 -

3 Apabila air ditambahkan kepada satu pepejal putih, U, satu larutan mengandung ion Al3+, ion
NH4+ dan ion SO42 diperoleh. Skema di bawah menunjukkan beberapa pemerhatian yang diperoleh
apabila reagen tertentu ditambahkan kepada pepejal putih U dan larutan akueusnya.
K2CrO4(ak)
(iv)
Na2CO3(ak)
Pepejal putih U
Gas X dan gas Y

Gas Z
Air
Wasap putih
Larutan akueus U
NaOH(ak)
Pb(NO3)2(ak)
Ba(NO3)2(ak)
NH3(ak)
Reagen
Nessler
(iv)
(i)
Mendakan putih
NaOH(ak)
berlebihan
(iii)
HNO3
cair
(v)
II
(ii)
Larutan tak
berwarna
Larutan tak
berwarna
I
Mendakan putih
Gas W
(a) Apakah warna larutan akueus U?
[1 markah]
........
Dengan menggunakan Lampiran A dan Lampiran B, jawab soalan yang berikut.
(b) Nyatakan pemerhatian (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), dan (vi).
[6 markah]
(i) .
(ii) .
(iii) .
(iv) .
(v) .
(vi) .
962/5
- 68 -

(c) Name the gases W, X, Y and Z.
[4 marks]
W:...................
X:....
Y:....
Z: ...................
(d) Name the reagents I and II, and state the conditions where appropriate.
[2 marks]
I: ....
II:
(e) Describe a method to test gas W.
[2 marks]
....
....
962/5
- 69 -

(c) Namakan gas W, X, Y, dan Z.
[4 markah]
W:...................
X:....
Y:....
Z: ...................
(d) Namakan reagen I dan II, dan nyatakan keadaan di mana-mana yang berkenaan.
[2 markah]
I: ....
II:
(e) Perihalkan satu kaedah untuk menguji gas W.
[2 markah]
....
....
962/5
- 70 -

Appendix A
Table of Cations Reactions
Reagent
NaOH(aq)
NH3(aq)
Na2CO3(aq)
K4Fe(CN)6(aq)
Na2HPO4(aq)
H2S in acid medium
H2S in alkaline
medium or (NH4)2S
Others reagen
Cation
Al3+
White precipitate
soluble in excess.
Ba2+
White precipitate.
White precipitate.
White precipitate,
soluble in mineral
acid and NaOH,
insoluble in
CH3COOH.
White precipitate in
concentrated
solution
White precipitate.
White precipitate,
soluble in HNO3 or
HCl.
Ca2+
White precipitate.
White precipitate.
Cr3+
Greyish green
precipitate, soluble
in excess to form
green solution.
Greyish green
precipitate soluble in
excess to form purple
solution.
Greyish green
precipitate.
Cu2+
Blue precipitate,
turns black when
heated.
Blue precipitate,
soluble in excess to
produce dark blue
solution. Soluble in
NH4Cl.
Blue precipitate,
turns black when
heated.
Redish brown
precipitate soluble
in excess NH3(aq)
to produce blue
solution.
Fe2+
Dirty green
precipitate.
Dirty green precipitate,

soluble in NH4Cl.
Dirty green
precipitate.
Blue precipitate.
Fe3+
Brown precipitate.
Brown precipitate.
Brown precipitate.
Dark blue
precipitate.
White precipitate.
(a) Dilute H2SO4 or CaSO4(aq): white

precipitate.
(b) (NH4)2C2O4: white precipitate,
dissolve in hot CH3COOH.
(c) K2CrO4: yellow precipitate.
excess reagent.
(NH4)2C2O4: white precipitate, insoluble

in CH3COOH.
Green precipitate,
soluble in mineral
acids.
Blue precipitate.
Yellowish white
precipitate, soluble
in mineral acids,
insoluble in
CH3COOH.
- 71 -

(a) Aluminon reagent: red precipitate.

(b) CH3COONa: no precipitate; white
precipitate when boiled.
(c) K2CrO4: orange yellow precipitate,
dissolve in mineral asid.
Black precipitate,
soluble in hot
HNO3.
Yellow precipitate.
Greyish green
precipitate.
(a) Excess NaOH + H2O2: yellow

solution.
(b) Acidified solution + H2O2: blue
solution blue precipitate
yellow solution.
Black precipitate.
(a) SCN : black precipitate.

(b) KI: white precipitate in brown
solution.
Black precipitate.
(a) K3Fe(CN)6(aq): dark blue precipitate.

(b) KMnO4/H+: decolourisation at room
temperature.
Black precipitate.
(a) SCN : blood red solution.

(b) K3Fe(CN)6: brown solutin.
(c) KI: brown solution/yellow/black
precipitate.
(d) K2CrO4: orange brown precipitate.
(e) CH3COONa: red solution, brown
precipitate when heated.
Lampiran A
Jadual bagi Tindak Balas Kation
Reagen
NaOH(ak)
NH3(ak)
Na2CO3(ak)
K4Fe(CN)6(ak)
Na2HPO4(ak)
Kation
Al3+
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam
berlebihan.
Ba2+
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam asid
mineral dan NaOH,
tak larut dalam
CH3COOH.
Mendakan putih
dalam larutan pekat.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3
atau HCl.
Ca2+
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih.
Cr3+
Mendakan hijau
kelabu, larut dalam
berlebihan
membentuk larutan
hijau.
Mendakan hijau
kelabu, larut dalam
berlebihan membentuk
larutan ungu.
Mendakan hijau
kelabu.
Cu2+
Mendakan biru,
menjadi hitam
apabila dipanaskan.
Mendakan biru, larut

dalam berlebihan
membentuk larutan
biru tua. Larut dalam
NH4Cl.
Mendakan biru,
menjadi hitam
apabila
dipanaskan.
Mendakan coklat
kemerahan, larut
dalam NH3 (ak)
berlebihan
membentuk larutan
biru.
Fe2+
Mendakan hijau
kotor.
Mendakan hijau kotor,

larut dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan hijau
kotor.
Mendakan biru.
Fe3+
Mendakan coklat.
Mendakan coklat.
Mendakan coklat.
Mendakan biru tua.
H2S dalam medium

berasid
H2S dalam medium

beralkali atau
(NH4)2S
Mendakan putih.
(a) Reagen Aluminon: mendakan

merah.
(b) CH3COONa: tiada mendakan;
mendakan putih apabila dididihkan.
(c) K2CrO4: mendakan kuning jingga,
larut dalam asid mineral.
(a) H2SO4 cair atau CaSO4(ak):
mendakan putih.
(b) (NH4)2C2O4: mendakan putih, larut
dalam CH3COOH panas.
(c) K2CrO4: mendakan kuning.
Mendakan putih
dalam berlebihan.
(NH4)2C2O4: mendakan putih, tak larut

dalam CH3COOH.
Mendakan hijau,
larut dalam asid
mineral.
Mendakan biru.
Mendakan putih
kekuningan, larut
dalam asid mineral,
tak larut dalam
CH3COOH.
- 72 -

Reagen lain
Mendakan hitam,
larut dalam HNO3
panas.
Mendakan kuning.
Mendakan hijau
kelabu.
(a) NaOH berlebihan + H2O2: larutan

kuning.
(b) Asidkan larutan + H2O2: larutan
biru mendakan biru larutan
kuning.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) SCN-: mendakan hitam.

(b) KI: mendakan putih dalam larutan
coklat.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) K3Fe(CN)6: mendakan biru tua.

(b) KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan pada
suhu bilik.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) SCN : larutan merah darah.

(b) K3Fe(CN)6: larutan coklat.
(c) KI: larutan coklat/ kuning/
mendakan hitam.
(d) K2CrO4: mendakan coklat jingga.
(e) CH3COONa: larutan merah,
mendakan coklat apabila dididihkan.
Reagent
Cation
NaOH(aq)
NH3(aq)
Na2CO3(aq)
K4Fe(CN)6(aq)
Na2HPO4(aq)
H2S in acid medium
H2S in alkaline
medium or (NH4)2S
Others reagent
Mg2+
White precipitate,
soluble in NH4Cl.
White precipitate,
soluble in NH4Cl.
White precipitate,
soluble in NH4Cl.
White precipitate,
soluble in mineral
acid.
Mn2+
White precipitate,
turns brown.
White precipitate,
turns brown, soluble in
NH4Cl.
Yellowish brown
precipitate.
Yellowish brown
precipitate turns
brown when heated.
Yellowish brown
precipitate.
(a) Sodium bismutate + HNO3: violet

solution.
(b) PbO2 + HNO3 (conc): violet
solution.
(c) K2S2O8 + AgNO3: violet solution.
(d) NaClO + NaO: dark brown
precipirate.
Ni2+
Green precipitate.
Green precipitate,
soluble in excess
forms blue solution.
Soluble in NH4Cl.
Green precipitate.
Green precipitate.
Green precipitate.
Black precipitate.
(a) Dimetilglioksima reagent + NH3:

red precipitate.
(b) NaClO + NaOH: black precipitate.
Pb2+
White precipitate,
soluble in excess.
White precipitate.
White precipitate.
White precipitate.
White precipitate.
Black precipitate.
(a) Dilute HCl: white precipitate,

soluble when heated; reforms when
cool.
(b) Dilute H2SO4: White precipitate,
soluble in (NH4)2C2O4.
(c) KI: yellow precipitate, soluble
when is heated, reforms when cool.
(d) K2CrO4: yellow precipitate.
(e) NaClO: dark brown precipitate.
Zn2+
White precipitate,
soluble in excess.
White precipitate,
soluble in excess,
soluble in NH4Cl.
White precipitate.
White precipitate,
soluble in alkali,
insoluble in
mineral acid.
White precipitate,
soluble in NaOH,
mineral acid or
NH4Cl.
White precipitate.
K3Fe(CN)6: orange brown precipitate.
NH4+
Pungent gas
liberated when
heated.
Pungent gas liberated

when heated.
Black precipitate.
(a) Nessler reagent: brown precipitate.

(b) Heated with NaOH, gases evolved
tested with concentrated HCl: white
fume.
- 73 -

(a) Magneson reagent + NaOH: blue

precipitate.
(b) Na3PO4: white precipitate.
Reagen
NaOH(ak)
NH3(ak)
Na2CO3(ak)
K4Fe(CN)6(ak)
Na2HPO4(ak)
H2S dalam medium

berasid
Kation
H2S dalam medium

beralkali atau
(NH4)2S
Reagen lain
Mg2+
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam asid
mineral.
Mn2+
Mendakan putih
bertukar menjadi
coklat.
Mendakan putih
bertukar menjadi
coklat. Larut dalam
NH4Cl.
Mendakan coklat
kekuningan.
Mendakan coklat
kekuningan menjadi
coklat apabila
dipanaskan.
Mendakan coklat
kekuningan.
(a) Natrium bismutat + HNO3:

larutan ungu/lembayung.
(b) PbO2 + HNO3 pekat: larutan ungu/
lembayung.
(c) K2S2O8 + AgNO3: larutan ungu/
lembayung.
(d) NaClO: mendakan coklat tua.
Ni2+
Mendakan hijau.
Mendakan hijau, larut

dalam berlebihan
membentuk larutan
biru muda. Larut
dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan hijau.
Mendakan hijau.
Mendakan hijau.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) Reagen dimetilglioksima + NH3:

mendakan merah.
(b) NaClO + NaOH: mendakan hitam.
Pb2+
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam
berlebihan.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) HCl cair: mendakan putih, larut

apabila panas; terbentuk semula
apabila disejukkan.
(b) H2SO4 cair: mendakan putih,
larut dalam (NH4)2C2O4.
(c) KI: mendakan kuning, larut
apabila panas; terbentuk semula
apabila disejukkan.
(d) K2CrO4: mendakan kuning.
(e) NaClO: mendakan coklat tua.
Zn2+
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam
berlebihan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam berlebihan.
Larut dalam NH4Cl.
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam alkali,
tak larut dalam
asid mineral.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam NaOH,
NH4Cl, atau asid
mineral
Mendakan putih.
K3Fe(CN)6: mendakan coklat jingga.
NH4+
Gas berbau hancing

dibebaskan apabila
dipanaskan.
Gas berbau hancing

dibebaskan apabila
dipanaskan.
Mendakan hitam.
(a) Reagen Nessler: mendakan

coklat.
(b) Panaskan dengan NaOH, uji gas
dengan HCl pekat: wasap putih.
- 74 -

(a) Reagen Magneson + NaOH:

mendakan biru.
(b) Na3PO4: mendakan putih.
Appendix B
Table of Anion Reactions
Reagent
Anion
HCOO
CH 3 COO
C 6 H 5 COO
C2 O24
Cl
Br
Dilute HCl or
H2SO4
Concentrated H2SO4
BaCl2(aq) or
Ba(NO3)2(aq)
AgNO3(aq)
Pb(NO3)2(aq) atau
Pb(CH3COO)2(aq)
FeCl3(aq)
Others reagent
Choking gas is
liberated.
Gas burned with a blue

flame is liberated.
White precipitate turns

black.
Dark red solution; brown

(a) KMnO4/H+: decolouration.

(b) CH3CH2OH + a little concentrated H2SO4:
fragrant smell
Gas smell of vinegar is

released when heated.
Gas of vinegar smell is

released.
concentrated solution,
soluble in HNO3 or
NH3(aq).
Red solution; brown

(a) CH3CH2OH + a little concentrated H2SO4:

fragrant smell.
(b) Sodalime: gas burned with blue flame
without soot.
White precipitate,
soluble in hot water,
white crystal formed
upon cooling.
White precipitate,
soluble in hot water;
upon cooling.
White precipitate,
soluble in hot water or
NH3(aq).
White precipitate.
Yellowish-brown
precipitate.
(a) CH3CH2OH + a little concentrated H2SO4:

fragrant smell.
(b) Sodalime: gas burned with yellow flame
without soot.
White precipitate,
soluble in HNO3 or
NH3(aq).
White precipitate,
soluble in HNO3.
(a) KMnO4/H+: decolourised when heated.

(b) CaCl2(aq): when precipitate.
White fume is formed.
White precipitate,
insoluble in HNO3 but
soluble in NH3(aq).
White precipitate,
soluble in hot water; or
concentrated HCl; white
crystal formed upon
cooling.
MnO2(s) + H2SO4 (conc): greenish-yellow gas

is liberated.
Redish-brown gas is
liberated.
Light yellow
precipitate, insoluble
in dulute HNO3 or
NH3(aq).
White precipitate,
soluble in hot water,
upon cooling.
(a) MnO2(s) + H2SO4 (conc): redish-brown gas

is liberated.
(b) Cl2 /NaOCl(aq) + CCl4: redish-brown
colouration at the bottom layer.
(c) Concentrated HNO3 and heated: redishbrown gas is liberated.
Brown fume is formed;

purple fume formed when
heated.
Yellow precipitate,
insoluble in dilute
HNO3 or NH3(aq).
Yellow precipitate,
soluble in hot water;
yellow crystal formed
upon cooling.
Gas burned with blue

flame and gas turned lime
water chalky when
heated.
White
precipitate,
soluble in HCl,
HNO3 or H2SO4.
- 75 -

Redish brown solution.
(a) Cl2 water/NaOCl(aq)/Br2 water + CCl4:

redish violet colouration formed at the
bottom layer.
(b) NaNO2(aq) + dilute asid: brown solution
and brown gas is liberated.
Lampiran B
Jadual bagi Tindak Balas Anion
Reagen
Anion
HCl cair atau

H2SO4 cair
H2SO4 pekat
BaCl2(ak) atau
Ba(NO3)2(ak)
AgNO3(ak)
Pb(NO3)2(ak) atau
Pb(CH3COO)2(ak)
FeCl3(ak)
Reagen lain
HCOO
Gas berbau sengit

dibebaskan.
Gas terbakar
dengan nyalaan biru
dibebaskan.
Mendakan putih
menjadi hitam.
Larutan merah tua;

mendakan coklat
apabila dipanaskan.
(a) KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan.

(b) CH3CH2OH + sedikit H2SO4 pekat:
bau buah-buahan/wangi.
CH 3 COO
Gas berbau cuka

dibebaskan apabila
dipanaskan.
Gas berbau cuka

dibebaskan.
Mendakan putih
dalam larutan pekat,
larut dalam HNO3
atau NH3(ak).
Larutan merah;
mendakan coklat
apabila dididihkan.
(a) CH3CH2OH + sedikit H2SO4 pekat:

(b) Kapur soda: gas terbakar dengan
nyalaan biru tanpa jelaga.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam air panas;
hablur putih apabila
disejukkan.
Mendakan putih,
disejukkan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam air panas
atau NH3(ak).
Mendakan putih.
Mendakan coklat
kekuningan.
(a) CH3CH2OH + sedikit H2SO4 pekat:

(b) Kapur soda: gas terbakar dengan
nyalaan kuning berjelaga.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3
atau NH3(ak).
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3.
(a) KMnO4/H+: dinyahwarnakan apabila

dipanaskan.
(b) CaCl2(ak): mendakan putih.
Wasap putih dibebaskan.
Mendakan putih,
tidak larut dalam
HNO3 tetapi larut
dalam NH3(ak).
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam air panas
atau HCl pekat;
disejukkan.
MnO2(p) + H2SO4 pekat: gas kuning

kehijauan dibebaskan.
Gas coklat kemerahan

dibebaskan.
Mendakan kuning
pucat, tidak larut
dalam HNO3 cair
atau NH3(ak).
Mendakan putih,
disejukkan.
(a) MnO2(p) + H2SO4 pekat: gas

coklat kemerahan dibebaskan.
(b) Air Cl2 /NaOCl(ak) + CCl4: lapisan
bawah berwarna coklat kemerahan.
(c) HNO3 pekat dan panas: gas coklat
kemerahan dibebaskan.
Wasap coklat dibebaskan;

wasap ungu dibebaskan
apabila dipanaskan.
Mendakan kuning,
tidak larut dalam
HNO3 cair atau
NH3(ak).
Mendakan kuning,
hablur kuning apabila
disejukkan.
C 6 H 5 COO
C2 O24
Cl
Br
Gas terbakar dengan

nyalaan biru dan gas
mengeruhkan air kapur
apabila dipanaskan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HCl,
HNO3 , atau
H2SO4.
- 76 -

Larutan coklat
kemerahan.
(a) Air Cl2/NaOCl/air Br2 + CCl4: lapisan

bawah berwarna ungu.
(b) NaNO2(ak) + asid cair: larutan coklat
dan gas coklat dibebaskan.
Reagent
Anion
Dilute HCl or
H2SO4
Concentrated H2SO4
BaCl2(aq) or
Ba(NO3)2(aq)
AgNO3(aq)
Pb(NO3)2(aq) or
Pb(CH3COO)2(aq)
FeCl3(aq)
Others reagent
CO23
Gas liberated can turn

lime water chalky.
Gas liberated can turn

lime water chalky.
White
precipitate,
soluble in HCl
or dilute HNO3.
White precipitate
turned yellow in excess;
become brown when
heated.
White precipitate,
soluble in dilute HNO3.
Brown precipitate;
gas liberated which turn
lime water chalky.
MgSO4(aq)/MgCl2(aq): white precipitate.
SO23
Brimstone smell gas/

burnt sulphur,
gas decolourise
KMnO4/H+.
Brimstone smell gas/

burnt sulphur, gas
decolourise KMnO4/H+.
White
precipitate,
soluble in HCl
or HNO3.
White precipitate,
soluble in HNO3,
NH3(aq), or SO32 in
excess; turn black
White precipitate,
soluble in dilute HNO3.
Red solution; brown

(a) I2: decolourisation.

(b) KMnO4/H+: decolourisation.
(c) K2Cr2O7/H+: green solution.
S2 O23
Yellow precipitate;
brimstone smell gas/
burnt sulphur, gas
Yellow precipitate;
brimstone smell gas/
burnt sulphur, gas
White
precipitate in
concentrated
solution.
White precipitate turn to

yellow and then brown
and finally black; white
precipitate soluble in
excess S2O32 .
White precipitate,
soluble in excess S2O32 ;
turn black precipitate
when heated.
Purplish solution
decolourise.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
A foul (rotten egg),

smell was liberated,
blackening
Pb(CH3COO)2 paper.
A foul (rotten egg)

smell was liberated,
blackening
Pb(CH3COO)2 paper,
yellow precipitate.
Black precipitate,
soluble in hot HNO3.
Black precipitate.
A yellow sediment in an
acidic medium. A black
sediment in an alkaline
medium.
(a) KMnO4/H+: decolourisation,

yellow precipitate.
(b) K2Cr2O7/H+: green solution,
yellow precipitate.
Redish brown
precipitated/solution
when heated.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
S2
White
precipitate,
insoluble in
HCl or HNO3.
SO24
NO2
NO3
Brown fume liberated.
I2: decolourisation.
KMnO4/H+: decolourisation.
K2Cr2O7/H+: green solution.
Ammonium molybdate + H2SO4:
blue ring.
White precipitate,
soluble in aqueous
ammonium ethanoate.
concentrated solution,
soluble in HNO3 or
NH3.
(a) FeSO4 + H2SO4: brown ring.

(b) Devarda alloy: pungent gas.
(c) Concentrated H2SO4 pekat + Cu: brown
fume, blue solution.
MnO4
- 77 -

KMnO4/H+: decolourisation.
K2Cr2O7/H+: green solution.
FeSO4 + H2SO4: brown ring.
Devarda alloy: pungent gas.
KI + dilute acid: brown sol.
(a) C2O42 /SO32 /S2O32 /NO2 with H+:

decolourisation.
(b) S2-: decolourisation, yellow precipitate.
Reagen
HCl cair atau
H2SO4 cair
H2SO4 pekat
CO23
Gas yang mengeruhkan

air kapur dibebaskan.
Gas yang mengeruhkan

Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HCl
atau HNO3 cair.
Mendakan putih
menjadi kuning dalam
berlebihan; menjadi
coklat apabila
dididihkan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3 cair.
Mendakan coklat;
gas yang mengeruhkan
MgSO4(ak)/MgCl2(ak): mendakan putih.
SO23
Gas berbau belerang/

sulfur terbakar,
gas menyahwarnakan
KMnO4/H+.
Gas berbau belerang/

sulfur terbakar,
gas menyahwarnakan
KMnO4/H+.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HCl
atau HNO3.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3, NH3,
atau SO32- berlebihan;
mendakan hitam
apabila dididihkan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam HNO3.
Larutan merah;
mendakan coklat
apabila dididihkan.
(a) I2: penyahwarnaan.

(b) KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan.
(c) K2Cr2O7/H+: larutan hijau.
S2 O23
Mendakan kuning; gas

berbau belerang/sulfur
terbakar,
gas menyahwarnakan
KMnO4/H+.
Mendakan kuning;
gas berbau belerang/
sulfur terbakar,
gas menyahwarnakan
KMnO4/H+.
Mendakan putih
dalam larutan
pekat.
Mendakan putih kepada

kuning kepada coklat
kepada hitam;
mendakan putih larut
dalam S2O32- berlebihan.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam S2O32berlebihan;
mendakan hitam
apabila dididihkan.
Larutan ungu luntur

apabila dibiarkan.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
S2
Gas berbau telur busuk

dibebaskan,
gas menghitamkan
kertas Pb(CH3COO)2.
Gas berbau telur busuk

dibebaskan,
gas menghitamkan
kertas Pb(CH3COO)2,
mendakan kuning.
Mendakan hitam,
larut dalam HNO3
panas.
Mendakan hitam.
Mendakan kuning
dalam medium berasid.
Mendakan hitam
dalam medium beralkali.
(a) KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan,

mendakan kuning.
(b) K2Cr2O7/H+: larutan hijau,
mendakan kuning.
Mendakan/larutan coklat
kemerahan apabila
dipanaskan.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
Anion
NO3
AgNO3(ak)
Mendakan putih,
tidak larut dalam
HCl atau HNO3.
SO24
NO2
BaCl2(ak) atau
Ba(NO3)2(ak)
Wasap coklat
dibebaskan.
Wasap coklat
dibebaskan.
Pb(NO3)2(ak) atau
Pb(CH3COO)2(ak)
FeCl3(ak)
Reagen lain
I2: penyahwarnaan.
KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan.
K2Cr2O7/H+: larutan hijau.
Ammonium molibdat + H2SO4 pekat:
cincin biru.
Mendakan putih,
larut dalam ammonium
etanoat akueus.
Mendakan putih
dalam larutan pekat,
larut dalam HNO3 atau
NH3.
KMnO4/H+: penyahwarnaan.
K2Cr2O7/H+: larutan hijau.
FeSO4 + H2SO4 cair: cincin coklat.
Aloi Devarda: gas berbau hancing.
KI + asid cair: larutan coklat.
(a) FeSO4 + H2SO4 pekat: cincin coklat.

(b) Aloi Devarda: gas berbau hancing.
(c) H2SO4 pekat + Cu: wasap coklat;
larutan biru.
Wasap coklat
dibebaskan.
(a) C2O42 /SO32 /S2O32 /NO2 dengan H+:

penyahwarnaan.
(b) S2-: penyahwarnaan, mendakan kuning.
MnO4
- 78 -


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(Nombor kad pengenalan)

SPECIMEN PAPER (bilingual)

MAJLIS PEPERIKSAAN MALAYSIA

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA

(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)

For examiners use

Arahan kepada calon:

This question paper consists of

more examination papers at :

Section A [15 marks]

The mass spectrum of an element X is shown below.

From the mass spectrum above, it can be concluded that,

Which compound is not ionic?

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Bahagian A [15 markah]

Spektrum jisim unsur X ditunjukkan di bawah.

Daripada spektrum jisim di atas, dapat disimpulkan bahawa

Sebatian yang manakah yang tidak ionik?

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Which statement regarding metallic bond is correct?

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Penyataan yang manakah yang betul tentang ikatan logam?

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10 The Arrhenius equation is given as k = Ae

[Gas constant, R, is 8.31 J K 1 mol 1]

11 A reversible reaction can be represented by the equation:

when the system is in equilibrium,

Which statement is true of the

A The forward reaction is endothermic.

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[Pemalar gas, R ialah 8.31 J K 1 mol 1]

11 Suatu tindak balas berbalik boleh diwakili dengan persamaan:

apabila sistem itu dalam keadaan keseimbangan,

ialah 1.6 10 atm pada 298 K dan 6.3

atm pada 500 K. Penyataan yang manakah yang

A Tindak balas ke hadapan adalah endotermik.

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13 In the reaction Cu2+ + 4NH3

[Cu(NH3)4]2+, the Cu2+ ion acts as a

Volume of HCl added/cm3

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13 Dalam tindak balas, Cu2+ + 4NH3

[Cu(NH3)4]2+, ion Cu2+ bertindak sebagai

Isi padu HCl ditambah/cm3

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Section B [15 marks]

(i) Name the subatomic particles Y.

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Bahagian B [15 markah]

Sila koyakkan di sepanjang garis putus-putus ini.

(i) Namakan zarah subatom Y itu.

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At atmospheric pressure, X sublimes at 78 C. The freezing point of X increases by 2 C for

(b) Why does the freezing point of X increase with pressure?

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Takat ganda tiga

Sila koyakkan di sepanjang garis putus-putus ini.

(b) Mengapakah takat beku X bertambah dengan tekanan?

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Section C [30 marks]

ClO3 (aq) + ClO2 (aq) + H2O(l)

(a) Determine the oxidation number of chlorine in ClO2 and ClO3 .