Bio Medical Engineering PDF

B V Raju Institute of Technology
(UGC Autonomous Institute)

Vishnupur, Narsapur, Medak (Dist)
Bio Medical Engineering

VISION
To create and nurture competent engineers and managers who would be enterprise leaders throughout the world with
a sound background in ethics and societal responsibilities.
MISSION
We are committed to providing a positive and professional learning environment where all students are inspired to
strive for excellence in becoming competent engineers, technology innovators and leaders in a global society through
a cohesive network of parents, students, college staff and industry.
PROGRAMME EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
1.
To develop the concepts of engineering in design and product realization to meet the needs of industry and
organizations
2.
To demonstrate the ability to work effectively as a responsible professional in a team and as an individual
3.
To have an understanding of the importance of life-long learning and professional development with a background
that allows to pursue advanced studies in BME or related fields.
PROGRAMME OUTCOMES
The students of BME Dept at the end of the program are expected to have attained the following:
a) An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science, and engineering.
b) An ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data.
c) An ability to design and realize a system, component, or process to meet desired needs.
d) An ability to function on multi-disciplinary teams.
e) An ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems
f) An understanding of professional and ethical responsibility
g) An ability to communicate effectively
h) The broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global and societal context.
i) A recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in life-long learning
j) A knowledge of contemporary issues
k) An ability to use the techniques, skills, and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice
In addition, many, though not all, graduates are also expected to demonstrate:
l)
Focused experience through Hospital training and undergraduate projects in one or more areas of advanced
research.
Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15
B V Raju Institute of Technology

(UGC Autonomous Institute)
Vishnupur, Narsapur, Medak (Dist)
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR B. TECH. (REGULAR)

Applicable for the students of B. Tech. (Regular) from the Academic Year 2014-15 onwards
Admission Procedure
Admissions are done as per the norms prescribed by the Government.
The Government orders in vogue shall prevail.
The candidate shall be an Indian National.
The candidate should have passed the qualifying examination Intermediate or equivalent on the date of admission.
Seats in each program in the college are classified into CATEGORYA ( 70% of intake), and CATEGORY-B (30% of intake)
besides Lateral Entry.
Category -A Seats will be filled by the Convener, EAMCET Admissions.
Category - B Seats will be filled by the College as per the guidelines of the Competent Authority.
Lateral Entry seats for 20% of the candidates from the approved strength of the course shall be admitted into the Third
Semester directly based on the rank secured by the candidate in Engineering Common Entrance Test (ECET(FDH)) in
accordance with the instructions received from the Convener, ECET and Competent Authority.
1. Award of B. Tech. Degree
A student will be declared eligible for the award of B. Tech. Degree if he fulfils the following academic
requirements:
1.1 The candidate shall pursue a course of study for not less than four academic years and not more than eight
academic years.
1 . 2 After eight academic years of course study, the candidate is permitted to write the examinations for two
more years.
1.3 The candidate shall register for 224 credits and secure 216 credits with compulsory subjects as listed in Table-1.
Table 1: Compulsory Subjects
Serial Number
1
2
3
4
5
Subject Particulars
All practical subjects
Industry oriented mini project
Comprehensive Viva-Voce
Seminar
Project work
A student can forego a maximum of 8 credits/ 2 subjects. However, a maximum of 1 subject per
academic year can be allowed for exemption.
2. The students, who fail to fulfill all the academic requirements for the award of the degree within ten academic
years from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seats in B. Tech. course.
3 Courses of Study
The following courses of study are offered at present as specializations for the B. Tech. Course:
Branch
Branch Code
Civil Engineering
01
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
02
Mechanical Engineering
03
Electronics and Communication Engineering
04
Computer Science and Engineering
05
Chemical Engineering
08
Bio Medical Engineering
11
Information Technology
12
4 Credits
Theory
Practical
Drawing ( L+D)
Mini project
Comprehensive Viva Voce
Seminar
Project
Periods / week
04
03
03
05/06
--06
15
Semester
Credits
04
03
02
04
02
02
02
10
5 Distribution and Weightage of Marks

5.1
5.2
5.3
The performance of a student in semester shall be evaluated subject-wise for a maximum of 100 marks for a theory
and 75 marks for a practical subject. In addition, industry-oriented mini-project, seminar and project work shall be
evaluated for 50, 50 and 200 marks, respectively.
For theory subjects the distribution shall be 30 marks for Internal Evaluation and 70 marks for the Semester
End- Examination.
For theory subjects, during a semester there shall be 2 mid-term examinations. Each mid- term examination
consists of objective paper, essay paper and continuous assessment (by subject teacher). The objective paper and
the essay paper shall be for 10 marks each with a total duration of 1 hour 20 minutes (20 minutes for objective and
60 minutes for essay paper). The Objective paper is set with 20 questions of multiple choice, fill-in the blanks and
matching type for a total of 10 marks. The essay paper shall contain 4 questions (at least one from each unit), out of
which, the student has to answer 2 questions, each carrying 5 marks. The first mid-term examination shall be
conducted on 2 units of the syllabus and the second mid-term examination shall be conducted o n
r e m a i n i n g 3 u n i t s . Ten (10) marks are allocated for continuous Assessment (as specified by the subject
teacher viz. attendance, slip tests, quizzes, ppts, assignments etc.). The first Assessment should be submitted before
the conduct of the first mid-examination, and the second Assessment should be submitted before the conduct
of the second mid-examination. The total marks secured by the student in each mid-term e x a m i n a t i o n a r e
e v a l u a t e d f o r 3 0 m a r k s . Students performance in both the MID examinations will be considered for
evaluating the internal marks. For the best scored MID exam weightage will be given as 70% and for the other 30%.
The end examination will be conducted for 70 marks with Part A as 20 marks and Part B as 50 marks. Part A involves
10 questions each with 2 marks , at least one question from each unit. Part B involves 5 questions each with 10
marks, at least one question from each unit. Each question in Part B consists of two parts a & b , out which the
student has to answer either (a) or (b) , not both.
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
For practical subjects there shall be a continuous evaluation during a semester for 25 sessional marks and 50 end
semester examination marks. Out of the 25 marks for internal evaluation, day-to-day work in the laboratory shall
be evaluated for 15 marks and internal practical examination shall be evaluated for 10 marks conducted by the
laboratory teacher concerned. The end semester examination shall be conducted with an external examiner and
the laboratory teacher. The external examiner shall be appointed by the Institution.
For the subject having design and/or drawing, (such as Engineering Graphics, Engineering Drawing, Machine
Drawing) and Estimation, the distribution shall be 30 marks for internal evaluation (15 marks for day-to-day work
and 15 marks for internal tests) and 70 marks for end semester examination. There shall be two internal tests
in a Semester Students performance in both the MID examinations will be considered for evaluating the internal
marks. For the best scored MID exam weightage of 70% and for the other 30% weightage will be given.
There shall be an industry-oriented Mini-Project, in collaboration with an industry of their specialization, to be
taken up during the vacation after III year II Semester examination. However, the mini-project and its report shall
be evaluated along with the project work in IV year II Semester. The industry oriented mini-project shall be
submitted in a report form and presented before the committee. It shall be evaluated for 50 marks. The committee
consists of an external examiner, Head of the Department, the Supervisor of the Mini-project and a Senior Faculty
member of the department. There shall be no internal marks for industry-oriented mini-project.
There shall be a seminar presentation in IV year II Semester. For the seminar, the student shall collect the
information on a specialized topic and prepare a technical report, showing his understanding of the topic, and
submit it to the department. It shall be evaluated by the departmental committee consisting of Head of the
Department, Seminar Supervisor and a Senior Faculty member. The seminar report shall be evaluated for 50 marks.
There shall be no external examination for the seminar.
There shall be a Comprehensive Viva-Voce in IV year II semester. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce will be conducted
by a Committee consisting of Head of the Department and two Senior Faculty members of the Department. The
Comprehensive Viva-Voce is intended to assess the student s understanding of the subjects he studied during the
B. Tech. course of study. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce is evaluated for 100 marks by the Committee. There are no
internal marks for the Comprehensive Viva-Voce.
Out of a total of 200 marks for the project work, 50 marks shall be allotted for Internal Evaluation and 150 marks for
the End Semester Examination (Viva Voce). The End Semester Examination of the project work shall be
conducted by the same committee as appointed for the industry-oriented mini-project. In addition, the Project
Supervisor shall also be included in the committee. The topics for industry oriented mini project, seminar and
project work shall be different from one another. The evaluation of project work shall be made at the end of the IV
year. The Internal Evaluation shall be on the basis of two seminars given by each student on the topic of his project.
The Laboratory marks and the sessional marks awarded by the Teacher are subject to scrutiny and scaling by
the Institution wherever necessary. In such cases, the sessional and laboratory marks awarded by the Teacher
will be referred to a Col l e ge S t a n d in g Committee/ Academic Committee. The Committee will arrive at a
scaling factor and the marks will be scaled accordingly. The recommendations of the Committee are final and
binding. The laboratory records and internal test papers shall be preserved as per the University rules and
produced before the Committees of the University as and when asked for.
6 Attendance Requirements
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
A student is eligible to write the S e m e s t e r examinations only if he acquires a minimum of 75% of

attendance in aggregate of all the subjects.
Condonation of shortage of attendance in aggregate up to 10% (65% and above and below 75%) in each
semester may be granted on medical grounds with a documentary evidence approved by the College Academic
Committee
A student with shortage of attendance in a semester may seek re-admission into that
semester, when offered, within 4 weeks from the date of the commencement of class work.
Students whose shortage of attendance is not condoned in any semester are not eligible to write their end
semester examination of that class and their registration stands cancelled.
A stipulated fee shall be payable towards condonation of shortage of attendance.
A student will be promoted to the next semester if he satisfies the attendance requirement of the present
semester, as applicable, excluding the days of attendance in sports, games,
NCC and NSS activities.
If any candidate fulfills the attendance requirement in the present semester, he shall not be eligible for
readmission into the same class.
7. Minimum Academic Requirements

The following academic requirements have to be satisfied in addition to the attendance requirements
mentioned in item no.6.
7.1 A student is deemed to have satisfied the minimum academic requirements if he has earned the credits allotted to
each theory/practical design/drawing subject/project and secures not less than 35% of marks in the end semester
exam, and minimum 40% of marks in the mid-term and end semester exams put together. In case of practical exam,
the pass percentage is 40% in external evalution and 50% including internal and external exams put together
7.2 A student shall be promoted from first year to second year if he fulfills the minimum attendance
requirement.
7.3 A student will not be promoted from II year to III year unless he fulfils the academic requirement of 34 credits up to
II year I semester from all the examinations, whether or not the candidate takes the examinations and secures
prescribed minimum attendance in II year II semester.
7.4 A student shall be promoted from III year to IV year only if he fulfils the academic requirements of 56 credits up to
III year I semester from all the examinations, whether or not the candidate takes the examinations and secures
prescribed minimum attendance in III year II semester.
7.5 A student shall register and put up minimum attendance in all 224 credits and earn 216 credits. Marks obtained
in the best scored subjects with 216 credits shall be considered for the award of the class.
7.6
Students who fail to earn 216 credits as indicated in the course structure within ten academic years (8 years of
study + 2 years additionally for appearing for exams only) from the year of their admission, shall forfeit their seat in
B.Tech. course and their admission stands cancelled.
8 Course pattern
8.1 The entire course of study is for four academic year in semester pattern.
8.2 A student eligible to appear for end s e m e s t e r end examination in a subject, but absent from it or failed in
that examination, may write the exam in that subject during supplementary exams.
8.3 When a student is detained for lack of credits/shortage of attendance, he may be re-admitted into the s a m e
semester of next year. However, the academic regulations under which he was first admitted, shall continue
to be applicable to him.
9 Award of Class
After a student has satisfied the requirements prescribed for the completion of the program and is eligible for the
award of B. Tech. Degree, he shall be placed in one of the following four classes:
Class Awarded
% of marks to be secured
From the aggregate
marks secured from the
First Class with Distinction
70% and above
best scored subjects of
First Class
Below 70 but not less than 60%
216 Credits.
Second Class
Below 60% but not less than 50%
Pass Class
The marks obtained in internal evaluation and end semester examination shall be shown separately in the
memorandum of marks.
10 Minimum Instruction Days
The minimum instruction days for each semester shall be 90 days.
There shall be no branch transfers after the completion of the admission process.
11. Withholding of Results
If the student has not paid the dues, if any, to the Institute or if any case of indiscipline is pending against him, the
result of the student will be withheld and he will not be allowed into the next semester. His degree will be withheld
in such cases.
12. Transitory Regulations
12.1 Discontinued, detained, or failed candidates are eligible for readmission as and when next offered.
12.2 In case of re admitted students, the substitute subjects will be offered for any repetition of subject during
transit of regulations.
13. General
13.1
13.2
13.3
13.4
Wherever the words he , him , his , occur in the regulations, they include she , her , her.
The academic regulation should be read as a whole for the purpose of any interpretation.
In case of any doubt or ambiguity in the interpretation of the above rules, the decision of the C o l l e g e
A c a d e m i c C o u n c i l i s final.
The Institute Chief superintendent may change or amend the academic regulations or syllabi at any
time and the changes or amendments made shall be applicable to all the students with effect from
the dates notified by the Institute.
*-*-*
ACADEMIC REGULATIONS R13 FOR B. TECH. (LATERAL ENTRY SCHEME)
Applicable for the students admitted into II year B. Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme) from the Academic Year 2015-16 and
onwards
1. Eligibility for award of B. Tech. Degree (LES)
i.
The LES candidates shall pursue a course of study for not less than three academic years and not more than six
academic years.
ii. They shall be permitted to write the examinations for two more years after six academic years of course work.
2. The candidate shall register for 168 credits and secure 160 credits from II to IV year B.Tech.
Program (LES) for the award of B.Tech. degree with compulsory subjects as listed in Table-1.
Serial Number
1
2
3
4
5
Table 1: Compulsory Subjects

Subject Particulars
All practical subjects
Industry oriented mini project
Seminar
Project work
3. The students, who fail to fulfil the requirement for the award of the degree in 8 consecutive academic years (6 years
of study + 2 years additionally for appearing exams only) from the year of admission, shall forfeit their seats.
4. The attendance regulations of B. Tech. (Regular) shall be applicable to B.Tech. (LES).
5. Promotion Rule
A student shall be promoted from second year to third year if he fulfills the minimum attendance requirement.
A student shall be promoted from III year to IV year only if he fulfils the academic requirements of 34 credits up to III year
I semester from all the examinations, whether or not the candidate takes the examinations
6. Award of Class
After a student has satisfied the requirement prescribed for the completion of the program and is eligible for the award
of B. Tech. Degree, he shall be placed in one of the following four classes:
Class Awarded
First Class with Distinction
First Class
% of marks to be secured
70% and above
Second Class
Pass Class

From the aggregate

marks secured from
best scored subjects of
160 Credits
The marks obtained in the internal evaluation and the end semester examination shall be shown separately in
the marks memorandum.
7. All the other regulations as applicable to B. Tech. 4-year degree course (Regular) will hold good for
B. Tech. (Lateral Entry Scheme).
MALPRACTICES RULES
S. No. Nature of Malpractices/Improper conduct during
examinations
If the candidate:
1.
(a)
Punishment
Possesses or keeps accessible in examination

hall, any paper, note book, programmable
calculators, Cell phones, pager, palm computers
or any other form of material concerned with or
related to the subject of the examination (theory
or practical) in which he is appearing but has not
made use of (material shall include any marks
on the body of the candidate which can be used
as an aid in the subject of the examination)
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the

performance in that subject only.
(b)
Gives assistance or guidance or receives it from

any other candidate orally or by any other body
language methods or communicates through cell
phones with any candidate or persons in or
outside the exam hall in respect of any matter.

performance in that subject only of all the candidates involved. In
case of an outsider, he will be handed over to the police and a case
is registered against him.
2.
Has copied in the examination hall from any

paper, book, programmable calculators, palm
computers or any other form of material relevant
to the subject of the examination (theory or
practical) in which the candidate is appearing.

performance in that subject and all other subjects the candidate has
already appeared including practical examinations and project
work and shall not be permitted to appear for the remaining
examinations of the subjects of that Semester/year. The hall ticket of
the candidate is to be cancelled.
3.
Impersonates any other candidate in connection

with the examination.
The candidate who has impersonated shall be expelled from

examination hall. The candidate is also debarred and forfeits the
seat. The performance of the original candidate who has been
impersonated,
shall
be cancelled in all the subjects of the
examination (including practicals and project work) already
appeared and shall not be allowed to appear for examinations of the
remaining subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred for two consecutive semesters from class work and all
Semester end examinations. The continuation of the course by the
candidate is subject to the academic regulations in connection with
forfeiture of seat. If the imposter is an outsider, he will be handed
over to the police and a case is registered against him.
4.
Smuggles in the Answer book or additional

sheet or takes out or arranges to send out the
question paper during the examination or
answer book or additional sheet, during or after
the examination.
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of

performance in that subject and all the other subjects the candidate
has already appeared including practical examinations and
project work and shall not be permitted for the remaining
examinations of the subjects of that semester/year. The candidate
is also debarred for two consecutive semesters from class work and
all Semester end examinations. The continuation of the course
by the candidate is subject to the academic regulations in
connection with forfeiture of seat.
7.
Uses
objectionable,
abusive
or
offensive
language in the answer paper or in letters to the
examiners or writes to the examiner requesting him
to award pass
Refuses to obey the orders of the Chief
Superintendent / Assistant
Superintendent / any
officer on duty or misbehaves or creates disturbance
of any kind in and around the examination hall or
organizes a walk out or instigates others to walk out,
or threatens the officer-in charge or any person on
duty in or outside the examination hall of any injury
to his person or to any of his relations whether by
words, either spoken or written or by signs or by
visible representation, assaults the officer incharge,
or any person on duty in or outside the examination
hall or any of his relations, or indulges in any other act
of misconduct or mischief which result in damage to
or destruction of property in the examination hall or
any part of the college campus or engages in any other
act which in the opinion of the officer on duty amounts
to use of unfair means or misconduct or has the
tendency to disrupt the orderly conduct of the
examination.
Leaves the exam hall taking away answer script or
intentionally tears of the script or any part
thereof inside or outside the examination hall.
Cancellation of the performance in that subject.
In case of students of the college, they shall be expelled from

examination halls and cancellation of their performance
in that subject and all other subjects the candidate(s) has
(have) already appeared and shall not be permitted to
appear for the remaining examinations of the subjects of
that semester/year. The candidates also are debarred and
forfeit their seats. In case of outsiders, they will be handed
over to the police and a police case is registered against
them.
Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of

performance in that subject and all the other subjects the
candidate has already appeared including practical
examinations and project work and shall not be permitted
for the remaining examinations of the subjects of that
semester/year. The candidate is also debarred for two
consecutive semesters from class work and all Semester
examinations. The continuation of the course by the
candidate is subject to the academic regulations in
connection with forfeiture of seat.
8.
Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in the

examination hall.
Expulsion from the examination hall and c ancellation of

the performance in that subject and all other subjects the
semester/year. The candidate is also debarred and
forfeits the seat.
9.
If student of the college, who is not a candidate for

the particular examination or any person not
connected with the college indulges in any
malpractice or improper conduct mentioned in
clause 6 to 8.
Student of the colleges expulsion from the examination hall

and cancellation of the performance in that subject and
all other subjects the candidate has already appeared
including practical examinations and project work and shall
not be permitted for the remaining examinations of the
subjects of that semester/year. The candidate is also
debarred and forfeits the seat. Person(s) who do not belong
to the College will be handed over to police and, a police
case will be registered against them.
10.
Comes in a drunken
examination hall.
Expulsion from the examination hall and c ancellation of

the performance in that subject and all other subjects the
semester/year.
condition
to
the
11.
Copying detected on the basis of internal

evidence, such as, during valuation or during
special scrutiny.
12.
If any malpractice is detected which is not covered in the above clauses 1 to 11 shall be
reported to the head of Institute for further action on suitable punishment.
Cancellation of the performance in that subject and all

other subjects the candidate has appeared including
practical examinations and project work of that
semester/year examinations.
All cases pertaining to Malpractices in Examinations will be pursued by the college Academic Committee.
B.V.RAJU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

I-Year I-Semester
S. No.
1
Code
A1HS06
Subject
T/P/D
English-I
A1HS15
Mathematics-I
A1HS04
Engineering Physics-I
A1HS14
Mathematical methods
A1CS08
Computer Programming through C
A1ME13
Engineering Drawing
A1HSA5
Engineering Workshop and IT Workshop
A1HSA4
Engineering Physics Lab
A1CSA8
Computer Programming through C Lab
Total
20
13
28
Subject
T/P
0
Credits
3
I-Year II-Semester
S. No.
1
Code
A2HS07
English-II
L
3
A2HS16
Mathematics-II
A2HS05
Engineering Physics-II
A2HS03
Engineering Chemistry
A2CS09
Data Structures through C
A2ME14
Engineering Mechanics
A2HSA6
English Language Communication Skills Lab
0
3
4
2
A2HSA3
Engineering Chemistry Lab
A2CSA9
Data Structures through C Lab
22
11
28
Total
II-Year I-Semester
S. No.
1
Code
A3BM01
A3HS02
Subject
Anatomy and Physiology
L
4
T/P/D
0
C
4
Applied Biochemistry
A3BM05
Bioelectricity & Recording Systems
A3EE18
Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering
A3EC15
Electronic Devices & Circuits
A3EC33
Signals and Systems
A3BMA9
Medical Sciences Lab
A3ECB0
Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab
A3BMA1
Basic Technical Skills Lab
Total
22
11
28
Subject
L
3
T/P/D
1
C
3
II-Year II-Semester
S. No.
1
Code
A4HS08
Environmental Studies
A4EC34
Switching Theory and Logic Design
A4EC28
Pulse and Digital Circuits
A4BM13
Clinical Sciences - I
A4BM04
Bio Transducers and Applications
A4BM16
A4BMB0
Hospital System Management

Transducers Lab
A4ECA7
Basic Simulation Lab
A4HSA7
Professional Skills &Personality Development Lab
22
11
28
Total
III-Year I-Semester
S. No.
1
2
A5BM14
Clinical Sciences - II
L
3
T/P/D
1
C
3
A5EC26
Principles of Communications
A5EC10
A5EC20
Digital Signal Processing

Linear and Digital IC Applications
A5BM18
Medical Imaging Techniques
A5BM03
Bio Medical Equipment - I
A5HSA0
A5ECB5
Advanced Communication Skills Lab

Pulse Circuits and IC Applications Lab
A5ITA7
Advanced Technical Skills Lab
Total
22
11
28
Subject
T/P/D
Code
Subject
III-Year II-Semester
S. No.
2
3
Code
A6CV08
Open Elective
Disaster Management
A6HS09
Human Values & Professional Ethics
A6CS19
Java Programming
A6HS11
Intellectual Property Rights
A6HS10
Innovation & New Product Development
A6HS13
Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis
A6EC22
Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
A6BM17
Medical Image Processing
A6BM08
Biomedical Equipment - II
A6BM10
Biomedical Signal Processing
A6BMA6
Biomedical Equipment Lab
A6ECB3
Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Lab
A6HSA2
Aptitude & Reasoning Skills Lab
22
10
28
Total
IV-Year I-Semester
S. No.
1
Code
T/P/D
A7CS06
Computer Networks
Subject
A7BM06
Biological Control Systems
A7BM21
Rehabilitation Engineering
A7BM02
Bio Fluids and Mechanics
A7BM12
Elective I
Biophotonics
A7CS11
Database Management Systems
A7IT21
Artificial Neural Networks
A7EC37
VLSI Design
A7EC17
Elective II
Embedded System Design
A7IT11
Mobile Application Development
A7BM20
Nanomedicine & Tissue Engineering
A7IT04
Cloud Computing
A7BMA8
A7BMA7
Medical Imaging Lab

Biomedical Signal Processing Lab
A7ECA0
Technology Applications Lab
22
11
28
Total
IV-Year II-Semester
S.No.
1
Code
A8BM07
Subject
Biomaterials
T/P/D
Elective-III
2
A8EC11
DSP Processors and Architecture
A8BM22
Reliability Engineering
A8BM25
Transportation Phenomena in living systems
A8BM24
Telemedicine
Elective-IV
A8EC31
Robotics
A8BM23
Statistics for Health Sciences
A8BM19
Medical Informatics
A8BM11
Biometric Systems
A8BMA2
Industry Oriented mini project
A8BMA4
Seminar
A8BMA3
Major Project
15
10
A8BMA5
12
21
28
Total

ENGLISH-I
I Year B.Tech. BME I-Sem
L
3
T
-
P
-
D
-
C
3
OBJECTIVES:
To improve the language proficiency of the students in English with emphasis on LSRW skills.
To equip the students with skills to study academic subjects effectively.
To develop communication skills in formal and informal situations.
To help the students learn reading strategies, basics of written communication, grammar and vocabulary.
To improve their study skills.

UNIT I
Chapter entitled Wit and Humour from Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success, Published by Orient Black Swan,
Hyderabad
Homonyms and homophones. Homographs. Nouns. Articles. Listening for combinations of consonant sounds. Listening for word
stress. Listening for intonation. Greeting people and taking leave. Introducing oneself and others. Writing sentences. Writing a
note.
UNIT II
Chapter entitled Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi Publications, Hyderabad.
Vocabulary-Prefixes, Suffixes. Grammar- Joining ideas by conjunctions.,Adverbs. Listening-Introducing each other, Talking about
a course. Speaking- Opinion based, Questions. Reading- The Palm Islands. Writing- Paragraph writing.
UNIT III
Chapter entitled Cyber Age from Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success Published by Orient BlackSwan, Hyderabad.
Collocations. Subject verb agreement. Listening for information and the speakers tone and attitude. GD. Describing a process.
Technical vocabulary. Adjectives. Comparison of adjectives. Prepositions. Speaking on the Telephone. Technical reports.
UNIT IV
Chapter entitled Three Days To See from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi Publications, Hyderabad.
Vocabulary - Collective nouns, Synonyms. Grammar- Expressing yourself with modal auxiliary verbs. Listening- Planning for an
outing. Speaking- Debate. Reading- Physically challenged athletes. Writing- Report writing.
UNIT V
Chapter entitled Leelas Friend by R.K. Narayan from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi Publications, Hyderabad.
Vocabulary -Guessing the words, using an appropriate word, phrasal verbs. Grammar-Knowing the questions. Listening-News
item. Speaking-Presentation. Reading-Forensic science. Writing-Writing a narrative.
OUTCOMES: After completing the course the students will be able to
Use English Language effectively in written and spoken forms.
Read and comprehend different types of texts.
Use English confidently in formal and informal situations.
Use appropriate strategies of reading depending on the purpose.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success - Published by Orient Black Swan, Hyderabad
2. Epitome of Wisdom - Published by Maruthi Publications, Guntur
REFERENCES:
1. Contemporary English Grammar Structures and Composition by David Green, MacMillan Publishers, New Delhi. 2010.
2. Innovate with English: A Course in English for Engineering Students, edited by T Samson, Foundation Books.
3. English Grammar Practice, Raj N Bakshi, Orient Longman.
4. Technical Communication by Daniel Riordan. 2011. Cengage Publications. New Delhi.
5. Effective English, edited by E Suresh Kumar, A RamaKrishna Rao, P Sreehari, Published by Pearson
6. Handbook of English Grammar& Usage, Mark Lester and Larry Beason, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
7. Spoken English, R.K. Bansal & JB Harrison, Orient Longman.
8. A Grammar Book for You And I, C. Edward Good, MacMillan Publishers.

MATHEMATICS-I
I Year B.Tech. BME I-Semester
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OBJECTIVES: The students will learn the following
To have a knowledge of mean value theorems and to apply the concepts in finding maximum and minimum for the function
of two variables.
To apply the basic concepts of first order D.Es to its applications and solving them
To study about the methods of solving higher order D.Es and its applications.
To have an idea about the basics of Matrices of and solving the system of equations by different methods.
To know about the Eigen values & Eigen Vectors of real and complex matrices, Modal & Spectral Matrices.
UNIT I: Functions of single, several variables and Applications
Rolles Theorem, Lagranges Mean Value Theorem , Cauchys mean value Theorem (all theorems without proof) geometrical
interpretation of Mean value theorems- testing the applicability of these theorems.
Functions of several variables: Functional dependence- Jacobian- Maxima and Minima of functions of two variables without
constraints and with constraints-Method of Lagrange multipliers.
UNIT II: First Order Differential Equations and Applications
Overview of differential equations- exact, linear and Bernoulli differential Equations
Applications of first order differential equations: Newtons Law of cooling, Law of natural growth and decay, orthogonal
trajectories, Electrical Circuits.
UNIT III: Higher order Linear Differential Equations and Applications
Linear differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients,
eax,sin(ax+b)/cos(ax+b),xk, eax V(x), xkV(x),method of variation of parameters.
Applications to bending of beams, Electrical circuits and simple harmonic motion.
Non-homogeneous term of the form
UNIT IV: Theory of Matrices

Real matrices Symmetric, skew symmetric, orthogonal. Complex matrices: Hermitian, Skew Hermitian and Unitary Matrices.
Idempotent matrix, Elementary row and column transformations-Elementary matrix, Finding rank of a matrix by reducing to
Echelon and normal forms. Finding the inverse of a non-singular square matrix using row/ column transformations (Gauss- Jordan
method).
Consistency of system of linear equations (homogeneous and non- homogeneous) using the rank of a matrix. Solving m x n and
n x n linear system of equations by Gauss elimination.
UNIT V: Eigen Values,Eigen vectors and Applications
Cayley-Hamilton Theorem (without proof) Verification.Finding inverse of a matrix and powers of a matrix by Cayley-Hamilton
theorem, Linear dependence and Independence of Vectors.Linear Transformation Orthogonal Transformation.
Eigen values and Eigen vectors of a matrix. Properties of eigen values and eigen vectors of real and complex matrices. Finding
linearly independent eigen vectors of a matrix when the eigen values of the matrix are repeated.
Diagonalization of matrix Quadratic forms up to three variables. Rank Positive definite, negative definite, semi definite, index,
signature of quadratic forms. Reduction of a quadratic form to canonical form.
OUTCOMES: The students will be able to
relate the concepts of this topic with problems of engineering graphics, in theory of computation, Electro- Magnetic field
theory. Will be able to correlate partial differentiation, Jacobians, maxima, minima of functions of two variables in study of
fluid flows, thermo- dynamics and optimization techniques, computer methods in power systems, electric circuits,
probability and random variables.
apply Differential Equation techniques to problems in fields of fluid mechanics, Heat mass transfer, control systems, electric
circuits, growth and Decay problems,Newtons law of cooling chemical reactions and solutions.
relate Linear Differential Equations to problems of mechanics such as Simple harmonic Motion, Bending of Beams, whirling
of shafts In Oscillatory Electrical circuits.
practically use matrices in the solution of linear systems of equations, which appear frequently as models of various
problems: In mechanics, electrical networks, traffic flow, production and consumption, assignment of jobs to workers,
population growth, statistics, Numerical methods for differential equations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons.
2. Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers.
3. Introductory Methods by Numerical Analysis by S.S. Sastry, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
REFERENCES:
1. Mathematical Methods by G.ShankarRao, I.K. International Publications, N.Delhi
2. Mathematical Methods by V. Ravindranath, Etl, Himalaya Publications.
3. Advanced Engineering Mathematics with MATLAB, Dean G. Duffy, 3rd Edi, 2013, CRC
4. Press Taylor & Francisgroup.
5. Mathematics for Engineers and Scientists, Alan Jeffrey, 6ht Edi, 2013, Chapman & Hall/ CRC
6. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Michael Greenberg, Second Edition. Pearson Education.

ENGINEERING PHYSICS-I
I Year B. Tech. BME I-Semester
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OBJECTIVES: The student will learn the following:
Limitations of classical physics and the need for the development of quantum mechanics, understand the dual nature of
matter, uncertainty arising out of wave nature of matter, develop one dimensional schrodingers wave equation and apply
to simple physical systems.
Basics of crystal structures and planes. Limitation of free electron theory, quantum free electron theory, Fermi Dirac
function, origin of energy bands in solids, classification of solids in to different materials, effective mass of electron and
number of energy levels. Understand the basic concepts on semiconductors and apply to the devices like PN diode, LED,
photodiode etc.
Principle of interference and application to thin films, principle of diffraction, types of diffractions and grating experiment,
principle and applications to polarization like nicol prism etc., Basic principle of optical fibers, types, losses and applications.
Understand accuracy, certainty, different types of errors and measurements.
Theory of free, damped and forced vibrations, set up equations of motion, obtain solutions and understand the significance
of these vibrations and the resonance phenomenon.
UNIT 1: Quantum Mechanics
Dual nature of radiation; concept of deBroglie hypothesis; concept of matter waves-properties; Davisson-Germers Experiment;
GP Thomson Experiment: Heisenberg Uncertainty principle-Applications; Concept of wave function-physical significance;
Schrodinger time-independent wave equation; Particle in one dimensional potential box.
UNIT 2: Solid state Physics
Crystal systems-Bravias lattices, lattice planes- Miller indices, Packing fraction-SC, FCC, BCC;; Lorentz-Drude theory & Quantum
free electron theory-electrical conductivity; , Density of states; Fermi-Dirac distribution function(Qualitative);temperature
dependence; Kronig-Penny model(Qualitative)-Effective mass of electron, Classification of solids into metals, insulators and
semiconductors.
Determination of position of Fermi level and Carrier concentration of intrinsic & Extrinsic semiconductor- doping and
temperature dependence of Fermi level; Hall effect-Significance; PN junction diode-formation & I-V Characteristics; LED, Solar
cell, Photo diode.
UNIT 3: Optics & Optical Fibers
Interference-interference in thin films-Newtons rings experiment; Diffraction-Fresnels & Fraunhoffer diffraction-Fraunhoffer
diffraction due to single slit, N-slit and diffraction grating; Polarization-Double refraction; Nicols prism, Basics of Quarter wave
and half wave plate
Optical fibers-principle- structure-acceptance angle & Numerical aperture; types of fibers (Step index and Graded index fibers);
Attenuation in fibers; fiber optic communication system (Block diagram); applications of fiber optics
UNIT 4: Measurement of Errors
Error; classification of errors-Gross error, Systematic error, Random error; Accuracy, Resolution, precession, Mean, Variance,
Standard Deviation(with examples); Analysis of errors-Error analysis on common sense bias, statistical analysis of experimental
data; Minimization of Systematic error and Random error.
UNIT 5: Theory of vibrations
Free vibrations- periodic motion, SHM, equation of a simple harmonic oscillator, expressions for period, frequency, Total Energy,
Average Energies.
Damped vibrations- Equation of motion-attenuation coefficients of a vibrating system-logarithmic decrement, Relaxation time
and quality factor.
Forced vibrations-Equation of motion-expression for amplitude, expression for maximum amplitude-Resonance.
OUTCOMES: After the completion of the course, the student will have acquired:
Strong fundamentals to quantum mechanics, schrodinger wave equation and apply it to few physical problems.
Clear concept of crystal structure and role of free electrons in determining the properties of metals concepts of Fermi energy.
Concepts of semiconductors, Fermi levels with temperature and applications to PN diode, LED, etc.
Stronger fundamentals of light properties like interference, diffraction, polarization and applications to engineering fields
and principle of propagation of light in optical fibers and applications.
Understand the accuracy, certainty, errors and measurements.
Qualitative skills to solve problems of vibrations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Physics, R K Gaur and S.L Gupta- Dhanpath Rai Publications.
2. Engineering Physics, P K Palanisami
3. Engineering Physics, V Rajendran-McGraw Hill Education.
REFERENCES:
1. Solid state physics-5th Edition- S.O Pillai-New Age International
2. Concepts of Modern Physics-6th Edition- Aurther Beiser- Tata Mcgraw Hill
3. Fundamentals of Physics-6th Edition- David Halliday, Rober REsnick, Jearl Walker by John Wiley & Sons.
4. Sears and Zemanskys University Physics (10th Edition) by Hugh D Young Roger A.Freedman, T.R Sandin, A Lewis Ford
Addison-Wesley Publishers.
5. Introduction to Solid State Physics- C. Kittel (Wiley Eastern)
6. Applied physics for Engineers- Neeraj Mehtha-2011-PHI.
7. Nanotechnology-M Ratner and D Ratner (Pearson Edition)

MATHEMATICAL METHODS
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The aim of numerical methods is to provide systematic methods for solving problems in a numerical form using the given
initial data.
To find roots of a nonlinear and transcendental equation.
The aim to find such relationships which exactly pass through data or approximately satisfy the data under the condition of
least sum of squares of errors.
To develop the ability to understand Beta Gamma functions and To evaluate double and triple integrals
To educate the concepts of Vector differential Operators, Vector Integration and their applications.
UNIT I: (Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations and Linear system of equations)
Introduction Graphical interpretation of solution of equations .The Bisection Method The Method of False Position The
Iteration Method Newton-Raphson Method .
Solving system of non-homogeneous equations by L-U Decomposition method (Crouts Method) Jacobis and Gauss Seidel
Iteration method
UNIT II: (Interpolation and Curve fitting)
Interpolation: Introduction- Errors in Polynomial Interpolation Finite differences- Forward Differences- Backward differences
Central differences Symbolic relations and separation of symbols- Difference Equations Differences of a polynomial-Newtons
formulae for interpolation Central difference interpolation Formulae Gauss Central
Difference Formulae Interpolation with unevenly spaced points-Lagranges Interpolation formula.
Curve fitting: Fitting a straight line Second degree curve-exponential curve-power curve by method of least squares.
UNIT III: (Numerical Differentiation, Integration and Numerical solutions of First order differential equations)
Numerical differentiation, Numerical integration - Trapezoidal rule, Simpsons 1/3 rd and 3/8 Rule, Generalized Quadrature.
Numerical solution of Ordinary Differential equations: Solution by Taylors series method Picards Method of successive
Approximation- single step methods-Eulers Method-Eulers modified method, Runge-Kutta Methods, Predictor corrector
methods (Milnes Method and Adams-Bashforth methods).
UNIT IV: (Multiple integrals and Applications, Improper integrals)

Multiple integrals: double and triple integrals change of order of integration- change of variables (polar, cylindrical and
spherical) finding the area of a region using double integration and volume of a region using double and triple integration.
Gamma and Beta Functions Relation between them, their properties evaluation of improper integrals using Gamma / Beta
functions.
UNIT V: (Vector Calculus and Applications)
Vector Calculus: Scalar point function and vector point function, Gradient- Divergence- Curl, Solenoid, irrotational vectors, related
properties - Laplacian operator, Line integral work done, finding Potential function Surfaceintegrals -Volume integral. Greens
Theorem,Stokes theorem and Gausss Divergence Theorems (Only Statements), Verification of the theorems.
OUTCOMES: The students will be able to
use these techniques in mathematical models of the linear and non linear problems where the conventional methods fail.
find the solutions of the problems which cannot be expressed in terms of elementary function, but, can be evaluated using
Beta and Gamma functions. Able to correlate the problems of double integral and triple integral with the problems of
mechanics such as calculation of mass, finding centre of gravity, centre of pressure, moment of inertia, in graphic Designing.
apply Vector calculus in problem of fluid Mechanics, Network Theory, Control Systems, Signal Systems and Digital Signal
Processing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons.
2. Higher Engineering Mathematics, Dr. B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers.
3. Introductory Methods by Numerical Analysis, S.S. Sastry, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
REFERENCES:
1. Mathematical Methods, G.ShankarRao, I.K. International Publications, N.Delhi
2. Mathematical Methods, V. Ravindranath, Etl, Himalaya Publications.
Press Taylor & Francis group.

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING THROUGH C
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OBJECTIVES:
To understand the various steps in Program Development.
To understand the basic concepts in C Programming Language.
To learn how to write modular and readable C Programs.
To learn to write programs (using structured programming approach) in C to solve problems.

UNIT I:
Introduction to Computers: Introduction to computers, computer systems, computing environments, computer languages,
creating and running programs, program development steps, algorithms, pseudo code, flow charts, applying the program
development method.
Introduction to C Language: Basic structures of C language, C tokens, data types and sizes, declaration of variables, constants,
assigning values.
Operators and Expressions: Statements, arithmetic, relational and logical operators, increment and decrement operators,
conditional operator, bitwise operators, type conversions, expressions and evaluation, input and output statements, Header files,
C preprocessor, Programming examples. .
UNIT II:
Control Statements: Conditional and control statements, programming examples.
Functions: Defining and accessing, parameter passing, function prototypes, user defined functions, recursive functions,
programming examples. Storage Classes, Scope rules, programming example.
UNIT III:
Arrays: Defining and processing, one dimensional and two dimensional arrays, initialization, passing arrays to a function, multi
dimensional arrays, command line arguments.
Strings: Defining and operations on strings, string variables declaration, reading, writing. Passing strings as parameters , string
handling functions.
UNIT IV:
Pointers: Basic Concepts, pointer to pointer, passing pointers to a function, operations on pointers, pointer arithmetic, pointers
and arrays, array of pointers, pointers to function, dynamic memory allocation.
UNIT V:
Console and File I/O: File, types of files, file vs. console, file structure, file attributes, file operations, standard I/O, formatted I/O,
programming examples
OUTCOMES:
Demonstrate the basic knowledge of computer hardware and software.
Abililty to apply solving and logical skills to programming in C language and also in other languages.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. C Programming & Data structures, E. Balaguru Swami, TMH
2. Introduction to Data Structures in C, 1/e Ashok Kamthane
REFERENCES:
1. Herbert Schildt (2000), C: The Complete Reference, 4th Edition, New Delhi, Osborne Mc Graw Hill.
2. B. A. Fouruzan and R. F. Gilberg (2006), Computer Science: A structured programming approach using C, 3 rd Edition,
Thomson Publications, New Delhi.
3. Yashawanth Kanethkar (2008), Let us C, 8th Edition, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, India.
4. B. W. Kerninghan and Dennis M. Ritche (1988), The C Programming Language, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall Software Series,
India.
5. Stephen G.Kochan (2004), Programming in C, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education Private Limited

ENGINEERING DRAWING
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OBJECTIVES:
Understand the usage of drawing instruments
Understand the construction methods for drawing conic sections
Identify the significance of curves in engineering practice
Understand first and third angle projections and methods
Understand the concept of section of solids, development of surfaces, and intersection of surfaces
Learn the various types of projections- orthographic and pictorial
Understand the importance and the principles of perspective projections

UNIT I: Polygons, Scales And Curves
Drawing instruments and their use - Different types of lines - Lettering and dimensioning Scales - Familiarization with current
Indian Standard Code of practice for general engineering drawing- Construction of Regular Polygons Scales: Construction of
different types of Scales, Plain, Diagonal and Vernier scales
Curves: Construction of Conic sections - Construction of Cycloids and Involutes
UNIT II: Orthographic Projections Of Points, Lines And Planes
Introduction to orthographic projections - Vertical, Horizontal and Profile Planes - Principles of first and third angle projections
Orthographic Projections of points in different Quadrants
Orthographic projections of straight lines-Parallel to both reference planes Perpendicular to one of the reference planes - Inclined
to one and parallel to other reference plane - Inclined to both the reference planes-True length and true inclination of a lineTraces of a line
Projections of plane lamina of geometrical shapes - Plane parallel, perpendicular and inclined to one reference plane. Plane
inclined to both the reference planes-auxiliary planes.
UNIT III: Projections Of Solids
Projections of regular solids of Cube, Prisms, Pyramids, Tetrahedron, Cone and Cylinder: Axis parallel to one and inclined to the
other reference plane - Axis inclined to both the reference planes - Projections of solids on auxiliary planes
Sections and development of solids: Section Planes and Sectional View of Right Regular Solids-True shape of the section by
projecting on auxiliary plane Development of Surfaces of Right Regular Solids and their Sectional Parts - Development of solids
having hole or cut - Development of Elbow and T-joint
UNIT IV: Isometric And Orthographic Projections
Principles of Isometric Projection - Isometric Scale - Isometric Views-Conventions -Isometric Views of lines, Planes Figures, Simple
and Compound Solids- Isometric Projection of objects having non- isometric lines- Isometric Projection of parts with Spherical
surface
Conversion of Isometric Views to Orthographic Views-Conversion of orthographic views to isometric views
UNIT V: Perspective Projections And Intersections Of Solids
Perspective projections: Perspective View: Points, Lines and Plane Figures, Vanishing Point Methods (General Method only).
Interpenetration of Right Regular Solids: Projections of Curves of intersection of Cylinder Vs. Cylinder, Cylinder Vs. Prism, Cylinder
Vs. Cone, Square Prism Vs. Square Prism
OUTCOMES:
Students will be able to:
Visualize the objects looking into projections.
Convert projections for isometric to orthographic and vice versa.
Construct the true shape of section and also obtain the development of surfaces of various solids
Obtain the intersection of surfaces of solids like prism, cylinder and cone, using AutoCAD.
Visualize the objects and convert them in different projections orthographic, isometric and pictorial
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Drawing, N. D. Bhatt and V. M. Panchal & Charotar Publishing House
2. Engineering Graphics, K. Venugopal and V. Prabhu Raja, New Age International (P) Ltd.
REFERENCES:
1. Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing with an introduction to Interactive Computer Graphics
Production/Eastern Economy Edition, Prentice Hall
2. Engineering Drawing/ M.B.Shah and B.C.Rana/ Pearson Education.
3. Engineering Drawing/ Basant Agarwal and Agarwal C.M/Tata McGraw Hill
4. A text book of Engineering Graphics/ K. V. Natrajan/ Dhanalakshmi Publishers
5. Engineering Drawing (Volume I&II combined)/ K.R. Gopalakrishna./Subhas Publishers
6. Textbook on Engineering Drawing /K.L. Narayana, P Kannaiah/ Scitech Publications
for Design and

ENGINEERING WORKSHOP AND IT WORKSHOP
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ENGINEERING WORKSHOP
OBJECTIVE:
To familiarise with the basic manufacturing processes and to study the various tools and equipment used, hands-on training is
given in different sections. Essentially student should know the labour involved, machinery or equipment necessary, time
required to fabricate and also should be able to estimate the cost of the product or job work.
TRADES FOR EXERCISES:
At least two exercises from each trade:
a. Carpentry: Middle lap T joint, cross lap joint, mortise and tenon T joint, Bridle T joint
b. Fitting: Square joint, V joint, half round joint, dovetail joint
c. Tin-Smithy: Tray, cylinder, hopper, funnel
d. Black Smithy: Simple exercises based on black smithy operations such as upsetting, drawing down, punching, bending,
swaging and fullering
e. House-wiring: wiring for ceiling rose and two lamps (bulbs) with independent switch controls with or without looping, wiring
for stair case lamp, wiring for a water pump with single phase starter.
f. Foundry: single pattern, double pattern
TRADES FOR DEMONSTRATION:
a. Plumbing
b. Machine Shop
c. Welding
d. Power tools in construction, wood working, electrical engineering and mechanical Engineering.
Basic practice sessions must be conducted in the trades mentioned and then two products of Industrial application (with
combination of different trades) may be produced with the available resources.
OUTCOMES:
At the end of course the student will be able to:
Prepare basic joints used in carpentry
Prepare edges for better joint for fitting
Perform basic house wiring connections
Prepare various shapes and objects by using Tin smithy, Foundry and Black smithy.
REFERENCES:
1. Engineering Work shop practice for JNTU/V. Ramesh Babu/VRB Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
2. Work shop Manual / P.Kannaiah/ K.L.Narayana/ SciTech Publishers.
3. Engineering Practices Lab Manual/Jeyapoovan, SaravanaPandian/Vikas publishers
4. Dictionary of Mechanical Engineering/GHF Nayler/Jaico Publishing House.
IT WORKSHOP LAB
OBJECTIVES:
The IT Workshop for engineers is a training lab course spread over 54 hours. The modules include training on PC Hardware,
Internet & World Wide Web and Productivity tools including Word, Excel and Power Point.
Introduction:
Internet & World Wide Web module introduces the different ways of hooking the PC on to the internet from home and workplace
and effectively usage of the internet. Usage of web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums would be covered. In
addition, awareness of cyber hygiene, i.e., protecting the personal computer from getting infected with the viruses, worms and
other cyber attacks would be introduced. Productivity tools module would enable the students in crafting professional word
documents, excel spread sheets and power point presentations using the Microsoft suite of office tools and Latex.
(Recommended to use Microsoft office 2007 in place of MS Office 2003)
PC Hardware
Week 1:
Identify the peripherals of a computer, components in a CPU and its functions. Draw the block diagram of the CPU along with the
configuration of each peripheral
Week 2:
Every student should individually install MS windows on the personal computer.
Week 3:
a) Hardware Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a PC which does not boot due to improper assembly or defective
peripherals
b) Software Troubleshooting: Students have to be given a malfunctioning CPU due to system software problems. They should
identify the problem and fix it to get the computer back to working condition.
Internet & Web browsers
Week 4:
Web Browsers, Surfing the Web: Students customize their web browsers with the LAN proxy settings, bookmarks, search toolbars
and pop up blockers.
b) how to access the websites and email& Search Engines & various threats on the internet and would be asked to configure their
computer to be safe on the internet, Antivirus downloads to avoid viruses and/or worms.
MS Office
Week 5:
a) Word Orientation: an overview of Microsoft (MS) office 2007/ 10: Importance of Latex and MS office 2007/10, overview of
toolbars, saving files, Using help and resources, rulers, format painter.
b)Using Word to create project certificate. Features to be covered:-Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word, Applying Text
effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors, Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in both LaTeX and
Word.
Week 6:
a) Creating project abstract Features to be covered:-Formatting Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and Numbering, Changing Text
Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote, Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.
b) Creating a Newsletter: Features to be covered:- Table of Content, Newspaper columns, Images from files and clipart, Drawing
toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images, Textboxes, Paragraphs and Mail Merge in word.
Week 7:
a) Excel Orientation: The importance of MS office 2007/10 tool Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, Accessing, overview of toolbars,
saving excel files, Using help and resources.
Creating a Scheduler - Features to be covered:- Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill, Formatting Text
b) Calculating GPA - .Features to be covered:- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel average, std. deviation, Charts, Renaming and
Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking, Count function, LOOKUP/VLOOKUP, Sorting, Conditional formatting .
Week 8:
Basic power point utilities and tools which helpful to create basic power point presentation. Topic covered during this includes
PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text, Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines and Arrows
in both Latex and Power point.
Hyper Text Markup Language
Week 9:
Introduction to HTML &Basic syntax of html Attributes, elements, lists, And basic programs.
Week10:
Home page using HTML Consisting of photo, name, address and education details as a table
OUTCOMES:
PC Hardware introduces the students to a personal computer and its basic peripherals, the process of assembling a personal
computer, installation of system software like MS Windows, Linux and the required device drivers. In addition hardware and
software level troubleshooting process, tips and tricks would be covered. The students should work on working PC to
disassemble and assemble to working condition and install Windows and Linux on the same PC. Students are suggested to
work similar tasks in the Laptop scenario wherever possible.
Internet & World Wide Web module introduces the different ways of hooking the PC on to the internet from home and
workplace and effectively usage of the internet. Usage of web browsers, email, newsgroups and discussion forums would
be covered. In addition, awareness of cyber hygiene, i.e., protecting the personal computer from getting infected with the
viruses, worms and other cyber attacks would be introduced. Productivity tools module would enable the students in crafting
professional word documents, excel spread sheets and power point presentations using the Microsoft suite of office tools
and Latex. (Recommended to use Microsoft office 2007)

ENGINEERING PHYSICS LAB
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This course on Physics lab is designed with 14 experiments in an academic year. It is common to all branches of Engineering in
B.Tech first year (for EEE, CSE, INF, BME branches in I sem & for ECE, MECH, CHE, CIVIL in II sem).
OBJECTIVES:
The objective of the course is that the student will have exposure to various experimental skills which is very essential for an
Engineering student. The experiments are selected from various area of Physics like Physical Optics, Lasers, Fiber Optics, Sound,
Mechanics, Electricity & Magnetism and Basic Electronics. Also the student is exposed to various tools like Screw gauge, Vernier
Calipers, Physical Balance, Spectrometer and Microscope.
List of Experiments
(Ten Experiments Compulsory)
1.
Dispersive power of the material of a prism Spectrometer.
2.
Frequency of AC Mains-Sonometer.
3.
Determination of wavelength of a source Diffraction Grating.
4.
Newtons Rings Radius of curvature of plano convex lens.
5.
Meldes experiment Transverse & Longitudinal modes.
6.
Time constant of R-C Circuit.
7.
L-C-R Circuit.
8.
Magnetic field along the axis of current carrying coil Stewart & Gees method.
9.
Estimation of Errors- Simple Pendulum
10. Bending losses of Optical fibers & Evaluation of Numerical Aperture of a given fiber.
11. Energy gap of a material of P-N Junction.
12. Torsional Pendulum.
13. Wavelength of light - Diffraction Grating using LASER.
14. Characteristics of Solar Cell.
OUTCOMES:
The student is expected to learn from this laboratory course the concept of error and its analysis. It also allows the student to
develop experimental skills to design new experiments in Engineering. With the exposure to these experiments the student can
compare the theory and correlate with experiment.
LABORATORY MANUAL:
1. Laboratory Manual of Engineering Physics by Dr. Y. Aparna & Dr. K. Venkateswara Rao (V.G.S Publishers)
2. Practical Physics by G L Squires, Cambridge University press, Cambridge, 1985.
REFERENCES:
1. "Laboratory Experiments in College Physics", C.H. Bernard and C.D. Epp, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1995.
2. "The Feynman Lectures in Physics (Vols. 1, 11 and 111)", R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton and M.Sands, Addison Wesley, 1963.
3. "Fundamentals of Physics", 6th Ed., D. Halliday, R. Resnick and J. Walker, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 2001.

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING THROUGH C LAB
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OBJECTIVES:
To write programs in C to solve the problems.

Week 1:
a.
b.
Week 2:
a.
b.
c.
Week 3:
a.
b.
c.
Week 4:
a.
b.
Design flow charts for logical problems.

Design algorithm for simple problems.
Design programming steps for simple problems.
Write a simple program based on operators (pre, post increment , bitwise and , or , etc.).
Write a simple program based on conversions (from int to float & float to int)
Write a program for fiend the max and min from the three numbers.
Write the program for the simple, compound interest.
Write program for students marks grading.
The total distance travelled by vehicle in t seconds is given by distance
= ut+1/2at2 where u and a are the initial
velocity (m/sec.) and acceleration (m/sec2). Write C program to find the distance travelled at regular intervals of time
given the values of u and a. The program should provide the flexibility to the user to select his own time intervals and
repeat the calculations for different values of u and a.
Write a C program, which takes two integer operands and one operator from the user, performs the operation and
then prints the result. (Consider the operators +,-,*, /, % and use Switch Statement)
Week 5:
a. Write a C program to find the sum of individual digits of a positive integer and test given number is palindrome.
b. A Fibonacci sequence is defined as follows: the first and second terms in the sequence are 0 and 1. Subsequent terms
are found by adding the preceding two terms in the sequence. Write a C program to generate the first n terms of the
sequence.
c. Write a C program to generate all the prime numbers between 1 and n, where n is a value supplied by the user.
Week 6:
a. Write a C program to calculate the following
i.
sum: sum=1-x2/2! +x4/4!-x6/6!+x8/8!-x10/10!
ii.
sum=x-x3/3!+x5/5!.........................,
iii.
sum=1+x/1!+x^2/2!+x^3/3!..............,
b. Write a C program to find the roots of a Quadratic equation.
Week 7:
a. Write C programs that use both recursive and non-recursive functions
i.
To find the factorial of a given integer.
ii.
To find the GCD (greatest common divisor) of two given integers.
b. Write a program for implementing of Storage classes: (Auto, static, extern, register)
Week 8:
a. Write a C program to find the minimum and maximum integer in a list of integers.
b. Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following:
i.
Addition of Two Matrices
ii.
Multiplication of Two Matrices
iii.
Transpose of a matrix
Week 9:
a.
b.
Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations:

i.
To insert a sub-string in to a given main string from a given position.
ii.
To delete n Characters from a given position in a given string.
Write a C program to determine if the given string is a palindrome or not
Week 10:
a. Write a C program that displays the position or index in the string S where the string T begins, or 1 if S doesnt contain
T.
b. Write a C program to count the lines, words and characters in a given text.
Week 11:
a. Write a C program to generate Pascals triangle.
b. Write a C program to construct a pyramid of numbers.
1
*
1
1
12
**
2 3
2 2
123
* **
4 5 6
3 3 3
4 4 4 4
1
0
0
1
*
1
1 0
0 1 0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Week 12:
a. Write a C program to read in two numbers, x and n, and then compute the sum of this geometric progression:
1+x+x2+x3+.+xn
For example: if n is 3 and x is 5, then the program computes 1+5+25+125. Print x, n, the sum
Perform error checking. For example, the formula does not make sense for negative exponents if n is less than 0. Have
your program print an error message if n<0, then go back and read in the next pair of numbers of without computing
the sum. Are any values of x also illegal? If so, test for them too.
b.
2s complement of a number is obtained by scanning it from right to left and complementing all the bits after the first
appearance of a 1. Thus 2s complement of 11100 is 00100. Write a C program to find the 2s complement of a binary
number
Week 13:
c. Write a functions to compute mean , variance , SD, sorting of n elements in single dimension array.
d. Write a C program to convert a Roman numeral to its decimal equivalent.
Week 14:
a. Write a program for reading elements using pointer into array and display the values using array.
b. Write a program for display values reverse order from array using pointer.
c. Write a program through pointer variable to sum of n elements from array .
Week 15:
a. Write a C program which copies one file to another.
b. Write a C program to reverse the first n characters in a file. (Note: The file name and n are specified on the command
line.)
Week 16:
a. Write a C program to display the contents of a file.
b. Write a C program to merge two files into a third file (i.e., the contents of the first file followed by those of the second
are put in the third file)
OUTCOMES : After completion of the course, the students would be able to:
Understand the basic terminology used in computer programming
Write, compile and debug programs in C language
Design programs involving decision structures, loops and functions

ENGLISH-II
I Year B.Tech. BME II-Semester
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OBJECTIVES:
To develop a better perspective about writing C.V s and Formal Letters as an exact and formal Skill.
To enable the students to overcome grammatical ambiguity.
To encourage the students to use the figures of speech in spoken and written forms.
To train the students in making descriptions and giving directions for technical and non technical purposes.
To create awareness on the essentials and barriers of communication.

UNIT I
1. Chapter entitled Human Values and Professional Ethics from Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success Published by
Orient Black Swan, Hyderabad
2. Chapter entitled The Last Leaf from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi Publications, Hyderabad
UNIT II
Chapter entitled Sports and Health from Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success Published by Orient Black Swan,
Hyderabad
1. Chapter entitled The Convocation Speech by N.R. Narayanmurthy from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi
Publications, Hyderabad
UNIT III
1. Chapter entitled Advances in Science and Technology from Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success Published by
Orient Black Swan, Hyderabad
2. Chapter entitled Secret of Work by Swami Vivekananda from Epitome of Wisdom, Published by Maruthi Publications,
Hyderabad
UNIT IV
1. Giving Instructions & Directions
2. Writing Descriptions
UNIT V
1.
2.
Communication Types of Communication

Barriers of Communication
OUTCOMES: After completing the course the student will be able to
Write formal letters and C. V s more effectively.
Differentiate between grammatically correct and erratic expressions and use appropriate structures.
Speak and write creatively.
Make apt descriptions and give directions in technical and non technical tasks.
Overcome the barriers in communication.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Skills Annexe -Functional English for Success - Published by Orient Black Swan, Hyderabad
2. Epitome of Wisdom - Published by Maruthi Publications, Guntur
REFERENCES:
1. Technical Communication, Meenakshi Raman, Oxford University Press
2. Objective English Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe, Pearson Education
3. Grammar Games, Renuvolcuri Mario, Cambridge University Press.
4. Murphys English Grammar with CD, Murphy, Cambridge University Press.
5. Everyday Dialogues in English, Robert J. Dixson, Prentice Hall India Pvt Ltd.,
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
ABC of Common Errors Nigel D Turton, Mac Millan Publishers.

Basic Vocabulary Edgar Thorpe & Showick Thorpe, Pearson Education
Effective Technical Communication, M Ashraf Rizvi, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
An Interactive Grammar of Modern English, Shivendra K. Verma and Hemlatha Nagarajan , Frank Bros & CO
A Communicative Grammar of English, Geoffrey Leech, Jan Svartvik, Pearson Education

MATHEMATICS-II
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To demonstrate the Fourier series for various functions at different intervals.
To find the Fourier transforms of various functions.
To explain the concepts of PDE and methods of solving PDE
To demonstrate the concepts of PDE and its applications.
To demonstrate the basic concepts of Laplace Transforms and its applications to D.E
UNIT I: Fourier series
Definition of periodic function. Fourier expansion of periodic functions in a given interval of length 2. Determination of Fourier
coefficients Fourier series of even and odd functions Fourier series in an arbitrary interval even and odd periodic
continuation Half-range Fourier sine and cosine expansions.
UNIT II: Fourier Transforms
Fourier integral theorem - Fourier sine and cosine integrals. Fourier transforms Fourier sine and cosine transforms, properties
inverse transforms - Relation between Laplace and Fourier Transforms-Parsevals identity- Finite Fourier sine and cosine
transforms.
UNIT III: Partial differential Equations
Introduction and Formation of partial differential equation by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary functions,
solutions of first order linear (Lagrange) equation and non-linear equations (Charpits method)
Unit IV: Applications of Partial Differential Equations
Method of separation of variables for second order equations Applications of Partial differential equations to solutions of one
and two dimensional Heat equation, wave equation.
UNIT V: Laplace Transforms and Applications
Definition, Existence of Laplace transform. Laplace transform of standard functions, Shifting Theorems, Laplace transform of
functions when they are multiplied or divided by powers of t. Laplace transforms of derivatives and integrals of functions.
Unit step function second shifting theorem Diracs delta function, Periodic function
Inverse Laplace transform by Partial fractions( Heaviside method) Inverse Laplace transform of functions when they are
multiplied or divided by s, Inverse Laplace Transforms of derivatives and integrals of functions, Convolution theorem Solving
ordinary differential equations by Laplace transforms.
OUTCOMES: After Completion of the course, the students students will be able to:
apply Fourier series in study of vibrating systems and resonance, approximation theory. Optimization methods, Electrical
and Electronics circuits of various fields, Satellite communication systems, Computer network systems.
apply Fourier Transform in study of Multi objective function of maximization or minimization models with equality or
inequality Constraint, Stochastic process, Marco chain models.
relate Laplace Transforms in Network theory and EMET, able to solve the electrical circuit problems with boundary using
Laplace Transforms method.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by Kreyszig, John Wiley & Sons.
2. Higher Engineering Mathematics by Dr. B.S. Grewal, Khanna Publishers.
3. Advanced Engineering Mathematics by R.K. Jain & S.R.K. Iyengar, 3rd edition, Narosa Publishing House, Delhi.
REFERENCES:
1. Mathematical Methods by G. Shankar Rao, I.K. International Publications, N.Delhi
2. Mathematical Methods by V. Ravindranath, Etl, Himalaya Publications.
Press Taylor &Francis Group.

ENGINEERING PHYSICS-II
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Objectives: The student will learn the following:
Basics of acoustics of buildings, architectural acoustics, factors affecting architectural acoustics and their remedies and
production and detection of ultrasonics and applications.
Basic properties of dielectrics, classification of electric polarization, applications. Basic origin of magnetism, classification of
magnetic materials, domain theory of ferro magnetic materials.
Property of superconductivity, properties, Perfect diamagnetism, Classification, BCS theory and applications.
Physical principle of laser, the working of laser, applications of laser and concept of Holography.
Understanding the concepts of nanotechnology, few preparation technologies and applications to various fields.
Unit-1 Acoustics of buildings & Ultrasonics
Reverberation and Reverberation time; Sabines formula for reverberation time; measurement of absorption coefficient of
material; Factors affecting architectural acoustics-remedies.
Ultrasonics-Production by Piezo electric and magnetostriction-Detection of ultrasonics-Properties of Ultrasonics; Applications of
ultrasonics, NDT.
Unit-2 Dielectrics and magnetic properties
Electric dipole, permittivity, dielectric constant, susceptibility, displacement and polarization vector; relation between D, E, P;
types of polarization-electronic, Ionic, Orientation polarization(Qualitative); Internal Fields-Clausius-Mosotti relation. Piezo,
Ferro and Pyro electricity; applications;
Magnetic dipole, permeability, origin of magnetic moment-Bohr magneton; classification of magnetic materials (Dia, Para,
Ferro, Ferri and Anti Ferro)-properties; Domain theory of ferro magnetism-hysteresis-soft and hard magnetic materials.
Unit-3 Superconductivity
Introduction to superconductivity, critical temperature, critical magnetic field, critical current density; properties-isotope effect;
Meissner effect, perfect diamagnetism-magnetic levitation; type-I and type-II superconductors; BCS theory; AC and DC
Josephson effects; SQUIDS, Applications of superconductors
Unit-4 Lasers and Holography
Characteristics of Laser; Absorption, spontaneous emission, stimulated emission; Einstein coefficients and their relationship;
population inversion-metastable state; pumping mechanism-Lasing action-Optical feedback; Ruby Laser; He-Ne Laser;
Semiconductor Laser, Applications of Lasers.
Holography-principle, recording of hologram and reconstruction of image; Applications of holography.
Unit-5 Nanoscience and nanotechnology
Introduction - nano science and nanotechnology; Nano materials-structure, surface to volume ratio and quantum confinement;
Properties-physical, chemical, electrical, optical, magnetic and mechanical; Synthesis of nano materials-CVD(Bottom-up) and
ball milling(Top-Down); CNT-structure, types, properties; Characterization of nano materials by XRD and TEM; Applications of
Nano materials.
OUTCOMES: After the completion of the course, the student will have acquired:
Basics of acoustics of buildings, architectural acoustics, factors affecting architectural acoustics and their remedies and
production and detection of ultrasonics and applications.
Clear concepts about dielectric materials and their applications in various engineering fields and better understanding of
several aspects of magnetic materials, vivid visualization of the domain formation in ferromagnetic materials.
Superconducting property and their applications.
Good grasp of the basic laser physics, working of laser and their applications. Basic concepts of Holography and principle.
Understanding the concepts of nanotechnology, few preparation technologies, CNT and applications to various fields.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Physics by R K Gaur and S.L Gupta- Dhanpath Rai Publications.
2. Engineering Physics by P K Palanisami- Scitech Publications.
3. Engineering Physics by V Rajendran-McGraw Hill Education.
REFERENCES:
1. Solid state physics-5th Edition- S.O Pillai-New Age International
2. Concepts of Modern Physics- 6th Edition by Aurther Biser- Tata Mcgrawhill
3. Fundamentals of Physics-6th Edition- David Halliday, Rober Resnick, Jearl Walker by John Wiley & Sons.
4. Sears and Zemanskys University Physics (10th Edition) by Hugh D Young Roger A.Freedman, T.R Sandin, A Lewis Ford
Addison-Wesley Publishers.
5. Introduction to Solid State Physics- C. Kittel (Wiley Eastern)
6. Applied Physics for Engineers by Neeraj Mehta 2011 PHI
7. Nanotechnology- M Ratner and D Ratner( Pearson Edition)
8. Modern Engineering Physics by Dr. K Vijay Kumar & Dr S Chandralingam-S Chand.

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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OBJECTIVES: At the end of this Course, the student should be able to:
Illustrate the practical importance of electrochemistry for solving challenges such as improving the environment and the
monitoring of biologically important substrates. can able to develop fundamental and deep knowledge in the theory for
degradation and corrosion of materials in various environments and to present existing protection strategies for prevention
of corrosion in different contexts.
Imparting to the students an in-depth and advanced scientific training in the discipline of water technology
To establish physical background for understanding the concept of plastics, and will gain knowledge of which factors
influence the cement quality
Describe the properties of different fuels, and choose the appropriate technologies to use them.
Introduce students to the basic understanding of the interpretations of iron-carbon diagrams and isothermal transformation
diagrams,
Knowledge to prevent corrosion of machinery and metallic materials and water chemistry which require serious attention
in view of increasing pollution has been included in the syllabus.
Fuels have been taught with a view to give awareness as to materials which can be used as sources of energy and fuel cells
which are the alternate energy sources for generating electrical energy on spot and portable applications.
UNIT I: Electrochemistry & Corrosion:
Electro Chemistry: Conductance - Specific, Equivalent and Molar conductance and their Units, Numerical problems. Kohlrauschs
law and its applications.EMF: Galvanic Cell, types of Electrodes (Standard Hydrogen, Calomel and glass electrodes); Importance
of Nernst equation; concept of concentration cells, Fuel cells: Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel cell, Methanol-oxygen Fuel cell, Batteries:
Primary cells (dry cells) and secondary cells (lead-Acid cell, Li cell)
Corrosion and its control: Causes and effects of corrosion; Electrochemical Corrosion; Types of corrosion ( Galvanic, Water line
& Pitting ); Factors affecting rate of corrosion Nature of metal and Nature of Corrosive Environment, Corrosion control methods:
1.Cathodic protection (sacrificial anodic and impressed current). 2. Protective coatings: (Anodic and Cathodic Coatings) Galvanic
series, methods of application of metallic coatings - hot dipping (galvanizing& tinning), Metal cladding &electroplating. Organic
coatings: Paints - constituents and their functions.
UNIT II: Water Technology:
Hardness of Water: Causes of hardness, expression of hardness -units - types of hardness, estimation of hardness of water by
EDTA method Numerical problems. Boiler troubles: 1.sludge and scale formation& its treatment. Internal treatment
(Phosphate, Colloidal and calgon conditioning). 2. Boiler corrosion, 3. Caustic embrittlement. 4. Priming and Foaming. Softening
Methods: External treatment Lime Soda process, Zeolite process and ion exchange process- Numerical Problems, Fluoride
detection and measurement, Removal of fluoride and health hazard.
UNIT III: Polymers and Engineering Materials:
Polymers: Definition Classification of polymers. Types of Polymerization (Chain & Step growth).Plastics: Thermoplastic &
Thermo setting resins; Preparation, properties, engineering
Applications of PE, PVC, Nylon 6,6 and Bakelite. Compounding & fabrication of plastics (Compression and injection
moulding).Rubbers Natural rubbers Processing& Vulcanization. Elastomers Preparation, properties and uses of Buna-s, Butyl
rubber and Thiokol rubber.
Conducting polymers: Classification (Intrinsic & Extrinsic), Doping & conductivity of Polypyrrole Polyacetylene, Engineering
Applications of conducting polymers. Cement: Composition of Portland cement, setting & hardening of cement (reactions),
Lubricants: Classification with examples- Characteristics of a good lubricant & mechanism of lubrication (thick film, thin film and
extreme pressure) properties of lubricants: Brief description of viscosity, Cloud and pour point, flash and fire points.
Refractories: Characteristics and classification of Refractory.
UNIT IV: Fuels and Combustion
Fuels Classification and characteristics of a good fuel. Calorific value of fuel HCV, LCV, Solid fuels: coal analysis of coal proximate and ultimate analysis and their significance. Liquid fuels petroleum and its refining& Fractional Distillation. Knocking
octane and cetane rating. Synthetic petrol, Bergius and Fischer-Tropschs Process. Cracking: Thermal and catalytic cracking
(Moving bed catalytic cracking). Gaseous fuels - Determination of calorific value of a Gaseous Fuel by Junkers gas calorimeter.
Analysis of flue gas by Orsats apparatus. Combustion Numerical problems
UNIT V: Phase Rule & Surface Chemistry:
Phase Rule: Definition of terms: Phase, component, degree of freedom, phase rule equation. Phase diagrams one component
system (water system). Two component system - Lead- Silver, heat treatment based on iron-carbon phase diagram - hardening,
annealing and normalizing.
Surface Chemistry: Adsorption Types of Adsorption, Isotherms Langmuir adsorption isotherm, Explanation of terms in BET
equation & its applications, applications of adsorption; Introduction of Nanomaterials, Synthesis of Nano materials by Sol-gel
method, Engineering applications of Nano materials.
OUTCOMES:
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to:
describe five important structural forms of steel and iron;
Interpret an iron-carbon diagram
Execute simple calculations for combustion
Describe functions and applications of batteries
apply corrosion theories and principles to account for corrosion causes, failures and prevention strategies
Describe applications of polymers and materials in industry
Analyze various hardness causing salts and illustrate suitable treatment methods
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Engineering Chemistry by B. Rama Devi, Dr.Venkataramana Reddy.cengage learning publications 9th edition
2. Engineering Chemistry by P.C Jain & Monica Jain, 16th edition Dhanpatrai Publishing Company (2012).
3. Engineering chemistry by Shashi Chawla, 3rd edition Dhanpat rai publishing company (2003)
REFERENCES:
1. Engineering Chemistry by B. Siva Shankar Mc.Graw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi(2006)
2. Engineering Chemistry J.C. Kuriacase & J. Rajaram, Tata McGraw Hills Publishing Company
3. Limited, New Delhi (2004).
4. Text Book of Engineering Chemistry by S.S. Dara & Mukkati S. Chand & Co Publishers, New
5. Delhi (2006)
6. Chemistry of Engineering Materials by CV Agarwal,C.P Murthy, A.Naidu, BS Publications(2012)

DATA STRUCTURES THROUGH C
Course Code:A2CS09
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OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the students to basic data structures such as lists, stacks and queues
Unit I:
Review of Basic C: Review on structured programming ,control statements, looping concepts, review on functions parameter
passing methods ,array passing to function methods .
Review On Pointers: Basics of pointers, pointer arithmetic , pointer to pointer, passing pointers to a function, array with pointers
, memory allocation and de allocation methods .
Unit II:
Structures and Unions: Structure definition, initializing, assigning values, passing of structures as arguments, arrays of structures,
pointers to structures, self reference to structures, unions, typedef ,enumerated, bit fields, programming examples. file handling
through structure.
Unit III:
Linked Lists: Singly linked list, Doubly linked list, Circular linked list working and representation using pointers. Concatenation of
single linked list .
Unit IV:
Stacks and Queues: Stacks, Queues, Circular queues, Dequeues working and representation using arrays, Applications of stacks
:infix to post fix conversion, postfix expression evaluation. Implementation of stacks and queues using linked list.
Unit V:
Searching: Linear and binary search methods AND complexity.
Sorting: Bubble sort, selection sort, Insertion sort, Quick sort, Heap sort, complexities.
OUTCOMES:
Ability to apply solving and logical skills to programming in C language using the basic data structures.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Fundamentals of Data structures in C, 2nd Edition, E.Horowitz, S.Sahni and Susan Anderson-Freed,Universities Press
2. Data Structures Using C A.S.Tanenbaum, Y. Langsam, and M.J. Augenstein, PHI/Pearson education.
3. Introduction to Data Structures in C, 1/e Ashok Kamthane
REFERENCES:
1. The C Programming Language, B.W. Kernighan, Dennis M.Ritchie, PHI/Pearson Education
2. C Programming with problem solving, J.A. Jones & K. Harrow, dreamtech Press
3. Let us C Yeswanth Kanithkar.
4. A structured programming approach using C, B.A. Forouzan and R.F. Gilberg, Third edition, Thomson.

ENGINEERING MECHANICS
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OBJECTIVES:
Understand particle, body, rigid body, concept of force, analysis of forces acting on a rigid body
Understand moment and the principle of moments
Understand friction and its implications
Understanding kinematics and kinetics parts of machines

UNIT I: Statics Of Particles And Rigid Bodies
Equilibrium of Particles: Fundamental concepts and principles of engineering mechanics - Forces on particles vector additionConcurrent forces in a plane - Resolution of forces - Resultant of several concurrent forces - Free body diagram Forces in space.
Equilibrium of rigid bodies: Principles of transmissibility - Moment of a force - Varignon's theorem - Equivalent system of forces Reduction of system of forces into single force and couple - Equilibrium of rigid bodies in two dimensions- Equilibrium of a two,
three force body, statically determinate and indeterminate structures.
UNIT II: Friction And Its Applications
Friction: Introduction-Types of friction-laws of Friction-Limiting friction-Cone of limiting friction-static and Dynamic Frictions
Application of Friction: Wedges-Belt Friction-Screw Jack and differential screw jack
UNIT III: Properties Of Surfaces And Volumes
Centre of Gravity: Centroids of lines, areas, and volumes-Determination of centroids by integration- Theorem of Pappus
Moment of Inertia: Second moment or Moment of inertia of an area-Determination of moment of inertia of area by integrationRadius of gyration-Parallel and perpendicular axis theorems-Polar moment of inertia-Mass moment of inertia
UNIT IV: Kinematics
Rectilinear motion-uniform velocity and uniformly accelerated motion-Rectangular components of velocity and acceleration,
Variable acceleration
Curvilinear motion-Normal and tangential components-Radial and transverse components-Motion of Projectile
Kinematics of rigid bodies-Translation and rotation of rigid bodies-Fixed axis rotation
UNIT V: Kinetics
Newton second law - D.Alemberts principle
Principle of work and energy for a rigid body-Principle of work and energy-Applications-Conservative forces
Principle of impulse and momentum-Application-Impulsive motion-Impact of elastic bodies-Direct central and oblique central
impact
OUTCOMES: Students will be able to:
Draw the free body diagram of a body acted upon by a system of forces
Analyse the forces acting on a body and write the equations of equilibrium
Write the moment equations of equilibrium
Identify various links of machines and synthesize kinematics and kinetic parts of design components
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Engineering Mechanics - Statics and Dynamics/ Ferdin..L. Singer / Harper International Edition.
2. Engineering Mechanics/ Timoshenko, and Young /Tata McGraw Hill
REFERENCES:
1. Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics/James L. Meriam, L. Glenn Kraige/ John Wiley & Sons
2. Engineering Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics/R. C. Hibbeler/ Prentice Hall
3.
Engineering Mechanics -Statics and Dynamics/ Shames.I.H, and Krishna Mohana Rao. G/ Dorling Kindersley (Pearson
Education)
4. Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics/ Ferdinand. P. Beer. E, Russell Johnston Jr., David Mazurek, Philip J
Cornwell/ McGraw-Hill
5. Theory and problems of Engineering Mechanics -Statics and Dynamics/ Mclean, and Nelson/ Schaum Series
6. Engineering Mechanics -Statics and Dynamics A K Tayal /Umesh Publications.
7. Engineering Mechanics/ Rajasekaran.S, & Sankarasubramanian.G /Vikas Publishing House
8. A Text book of Engineering Mechanics/ Dr.Bansal.R.K, & Sanjay Bansal /Lakshmi publications
9. A Text book of Engineering Mechanics/ R. S. Kurmi /S. Chand
10. A Text book of Engineering Mechanics/ S. S. Bhavakatti /New age international

ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB
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The Language Lab focuses on the production and practice of sounds of language and familiarizes the students with the use of
English in everyday situations and contexts.
OBJECTIVES:
To facilitate computer-aided multi-media instruction enabling individualized and independent language learning
To sensitize the students to the nuances of English speech sounds, word accent, intonation and rhythm
To bring about a consistent accent and intelligibility in their pronunciation of English by providing an opportunity for practice
in speaking
To improve the fluency in spoken English and neutralize mother tongue influence
To train students to use language appropriately for interviews, group discussion and public speaking.
Syllabus: English Language Communication Skills Lab shall have two parts:
a. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Lab
b. Interactive Communication Skills (ICS) Lab
The following course content is prescribed for the English Language Communication Skills Lab
Exercise I
CALL Lab: Introduction to Phonetics Speech Sounds Vowels and Consonants ICS Lab: Ice-Breaking activity and JAM session
Articles, Prepositions, Word formation- Prefixes & Suffixes, Synonyms & Antonyms
Exercise II
CALL Lab: Structure of Syllables - Past Tense Marker and Plural Marker Weak Forms and Strong Forms - Consonant Clusters.
ICS Lab: Situational Dialogues Role-Play- Expressions in Various Situations Self-introduction and Introducing Others Greetings
Apologies Requests Social and Professional Etiquette - Telephone Etiquette.
Concord (Subject in agreement with verb) and Words often misspelt- confused/misused
Exercise - III
CALL Lab: Minimal Pairs- Word accent and Stress Shifts- Listening Comprehension. ICS Lab: Descriptions- Narrations- Giving
Directions and uidelines.
Sequence of Tenses, Question Tags and One word substitutes.
Exercise IV
CALL Lab: Intonation and Common errors in Pronunciation.
ICS Lab: Extempore- Public Speaking
Active and Passive Voice, Common Errors in English, Idioms and Phrases
Exercise V
CALL Lab: Neutralization of Mother Tongue Influence and Conversation Practice ICS Lab:
Information Transfer- Oral Presentation Skills
Reading Comprehension and Job Application with Resume preparation.
Minimum Requirements of infra structural facilities for ELCS Lab:
1. Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) Lab:
The Computer aided Language Lab for 40 students with 40 systems, one master console, LAN facility and English language
software for self- study by learners.
System Requirement (Hardware component):

Computer network with LAN with minimum 60 multimedia systems with the following specifications:
i) P IV Processor
a) Speed 2.8 GHZ
b) RAM 512 MB Minimum
c) Hard Disk 80 GB
ii)
Headphones of High quality
2.
Interactive Communication Skills (ICS) Lab :

The Interactive Communication Skills Lab: A Spacious room with movable chairs and audio-visual aids with a Public Address
System, a T. V., a digital stereo audio & video system and camcorder etc.
Prescribed Lab Manual: A Manual entitled English Language Communication Skills (ELCS) Lab Manual- cum- Work Book,
published by Cengage Learning India Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi. 2013.
Suggested Software:
Cambridge Advanced Learners English Dictionary with CD.

Grammar Made Easy by Darling Kindersley
Punctuation Made Easy by Darling Kindersley
Clarity Pronunciation Power Part I
Clarity Pronunciation Power part II
Oxford Advanced Learners Compass, 7th Edition
DELTAs key to the Next Generation TOEFL Test: Advanced Skill Practice.
Lingua TOEFL CBT Insider, by Dreamtech
TOEFL & GRE (KAPLAN, AARCO & BARRONS, USA, Cracking GRE by CLIFFS)
English in Mind (Series 1-4), Herbert Puchta and Jeff Stranks with Meredith Levy, Cambridge
English Pronunciation in Use, Cambridge University Press
Technical Communication, OUP
Communication Skills, OUP
SUGGESTED READING:
1. Strengthen Your Steps - Dr. M. Hari Prasad and others, Maruthi Publications
2. Speaking English Effectively 2nd Edition by Krishna Mohan and N. P. Singh, 2011. shers India Ltd. Delhi.
3. Rama Krishna Rao, A. et al. English Language Communication Skills A Reader cum Lab Manual Course Content and Practice.
Chennai: Anuradha Publishers
4. Suresh Kumar, E. & Sreehari, P. 2009. A Handbook for English Language Laboratories. New Delhi: Foundation
5. Speaking English Effectively 2nd Edition by Krishna Mohan and N. P. Singh, 2011. Macmillan Publishers India Ltd. Delhi.
6. Sasi Kumar, V & Dhamija, P.V. How to Prepare for Group Discussion and Interviews. Tata McGraw Hill
7. Hancock, M. 2009. English Pronunciation in Use. Intermediate. Cambridge: CUP
8. Spoken English: A Manual of Speech and Phonetics by R. K. Bansal & J. B. Harrison. 2013. Orient Blackswan. Hyderabad.
9. Hewings, M. 2009. English Pronunciation in Use. Advanced. Cambridge: CUP
10. Marks, J. 2009. English Pronunciation in Use. Elementary. Cambridge: CUP
11. Nambiar, K.C. 2011. Speaking Accurately. A Course in International Communication. New Delhi : Foundation
12. Soundararaj, Francis. 2012. Basics of Communication in English. New Delhi: Macmillan
13. Spoken English (CIEFL) in 3 volumes with 6 cassettes, OUP.
14. English Pronouncing Dictionary Daniel Jones Current Edition with CD.
15. A text book of English Phonetics for Indian Students by T.Balasubramanian (Macmillan)

ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY LAB
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OBJECTIVES:
To impart fundamental knowledge in handling the equipment/glassware and chemicals in the chemistry laboratory.
To offer hands on experience on the basic equipment related to engineering chemistry
For practical understanding of theoretical concepts of chemistry

List of Experiments (Any 10 of the following):
Titrimetry:
1. Estimation of ferrous iron by dichrometry.
2. Estimation of hardness of water by EDTA method.
Mineral analysis:
3. Determination of percentage of copper in brass.
4. Estimation of manganese dioxide in pyrolusite.
Instrumental Methods:
Colorimetry:
5. Determination of ferrous iron in cement by colorimetric method
6. Estimation of Kmno4 by colorimetric method.
Conductometry:
7. Conductometric titration of strong acid vs strong base.
8. Conductometric titration of mixture of acids vs strong base.
Potentiometry:
9. Titration of strong acid vs strong base by potentiometry.
10. Titration of weak acid vs strong base by potentiometry.
Physical properties:
11. Determination of viscosity of sample oil by redwood / oswalds viscometer.
12. Determination of Surface tension of lubricants.
Preparations:
13. Preparation of Aspirin
14. Preparation of Thiokol rubber
Adsorption:
15. Adsorption of acetic acid on charcoal.
OUTCOMES:
Students will able to learn how to estimate the strength of unknown compounds.
Students will able to determine the amounts of different components by using various instrumental techniques.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Practical Engineering Chemistry by K. Mukkanti, B.S. Publications, Hyderabad.(2009)
2. Inorganic quantitative analysis, A.I Vogel.
REFERENCES:
1. Text Book of engineering chemistry by R. N. Goyal and Harrmendra Goel, Ane Books Private Ltd.,
2. A text book on experiments and calculation Engg. S.S. Dara.
3. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis, Chatwal, Anand, Himalaya Publications.
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DATA STRUCTURE THROUGH C LAB
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OBJECTIVES:
To write and execute programs in C to solve problems using data structures such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues,
trees, graphs, hash tables and search trees.
To write and execute programs in C to implement sorting and searching techniques.

Recommended Systems/Software Requirements:
Intel based desktop PC with minimum of 166 MHZ or faster processor with atleast 64 MB RAM and 100 MB free disk space.
C++ compiler and STL Recommended.

Week 1:
1. Write a C program that uses functions to perform the following operations:
a. Reading a complex number
b. Writing a complex number
c. Addition of two complex numbers
d. Multiplication of two complex numbers (Note: represent complex number using a structure).
Week 2:
1. Write a C program That Uses functions to perform the student grade.
2. Write a C program that uses functions to perform the time addition and time subtraction.
Week 3:
1. Write a program for Creation of single Linked list.
Week 4:
1. Write a program for Creation of Double Linked list.
Week 5:
1. Write a program for Stack Creation and operations.
Week 6:
1. Write a program for Queue creation and operations.
Week 7:
1. Write a program for Stack creation using linked list.
Week 8:
1. Write a program for Linear search method.
2. Write a program for Binary search method.
Week 9:
1. Write a program for Bubble Sort and Selection Sort.
Week 10:
1. Write a program for Insertion Sort and Quick Sort.
Week 11
1. Write a C program to implement Simpson method.
2. Write a C programs to implement the polynomial regression algorithm.
Week 12
1. Write C program to implement the Newton- Gregory forward interpolation.
2. Write a C program to implement Trapezoidal method.
OUTCOMES:
Ability to identify the appropriate data structure for given problem.
Graduate able to design and analyze the time and space complexity of algorithm or program.
Ability to effectively use compilers includes library functions, debuggers and trouble shooting.

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
II Year B.Tech. BME I-Semester
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OBJECTIVES: To make the student understand
The anatomical terms used to refer the human body.
The systems of the human body i.e. skeletal system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, endocrine system, digestive
system, lymphatic system, reproductive and urinary system.
Functioning of these systems.

UNIT I:
Skeletal system: Classification
of Bones, Joints and Muscles- Structure and function. Major Muscles of Limbs and their
Actions. Functional Concept of the Human body, Bone and Muscle Physiology,
UNIT II:
Nervous system and special senses: Brain and spinal cord, Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System, nerve physiology,
Electroencephalogram and Electrocorticogram. Anatomy and physiology of Eye and Ear.
UNI III:
Cardiovascular System: Heart, Arterial and Venous System, Performance Characteristics of Heart and Major Blood Vessels. Blood
Pressure and its measurement, Heart Sounds.
Respiratory system: Trachea and Lungs. Respiratory Physiology.
UNIT IV:
Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands, Physiology of Endocrine Regulatory System.
Digestive System: Oesophagus, Stomach, Intestines, Liver, Gall Bladder and Pancreas
UNIT V:
Lymphatic system: Spleen, glands and Lymph nodes.
Urinary Systems: Counter Current Concept and its Application of Concentration of Urine
OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able
Explain the Anatomy and Physiology of all the major systems within the human body.
Illustrate the anatomical location of the systems and explain their function.
Identify the anatomical terms related to the human body.
Match the anatomical terms with the appropriate physiology.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Charles E. Tobin, Basic Human Anatomy, McGraw Hill, 1980.
2. J Gibson, Modern Physiology & Anatomy for Nurses; Black-well Scientific Publishers, 1981.
REFERENCES:
1. Best and Taylor, the Living Body; B.I Publication, 1980. .
2. C. Tandan & Dr. Chandhramoli; Textbook of physiology for Dental studies. Dorpan Publications.
3. Gorden Sears, W. S & Winwood W. S;Anatomy & Physiology for Nurses, Revised edition

APPLIED BIOCHEMSITRY
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OBJECTIVES: The student will learn the following:
Understanding the importance of Biochemistry and its applications.
Understanding the metabolic pathways of Carbohydrates along with their roles in providing
Energy.
Understanding about the Diagnostic tests and tools.

UNIT I:
Biochemistry of Living Cell: types of cells, pro and eu karyotes. Sub-cellular - Fractionation using the Differential
Centrifugation Method. Functions of each Organelle, Chemical Composition of cell walls Membrane lipids. Transport of
Substances across Biological Membrane. Components in electron transport systems in mitochondria
UNIT II:
Properties of water: pH & Buffers: Physiological buffer. The Handerson Hasselbalch equation, determination of pKa
values.Structural aspects of carbohydrates, amino acids and lipids. Carbohydrate metabolism: respiration-types. glycolysis,
Gluconeogenesis and krebs cycle and energetics involved respiratory chain. Oxidative phosphorylation Energetics.
UNIT III:
History, Classification and Chemical nature of Enzymes: Study of the Properties of Enzymes and kinetics
Spectrophotometer. Enzyme-Substrate Complex, Michaelis-Menton equation. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of Enzymes.
by
UNIT IV:
Nucleic Acid chemistry: Structural aspects ofDNA and RNA. Protein synthesis. Transcription and Translation, Replication,
Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)Immunological Techniques or Immunoassay Radio Immune Assay (RIA), Enzyme- Linked
Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
UNIT V:
Blood Chemistry: Chemical Composition of Blood, Separation of Serum Proteins and lipoproteins by Electrophoresis and
Ultracentrifugation. Urine Analysis. General methods of biochemical analysis carried out in the estimation of blood
constituents, such as glucose etc. Principles and different methods of chromatography fluorometry, flame photometry,
Automation and Biochemical Analysis.
OUTCOMES:
Based on this course, the Engineering graduate will understand /evaluate / develop technologies on the basis of knowledge
and appreciation of applied biochemistry principles and practice.
Understand the principal techniques of bimolecular structural characterization, including spectroscopy.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Lehninger A.L, Nelson O.L. M.M. Cox, Principles of Biochemistry 3rd edition, 2000 CBS
2. Robert Murray, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell, Daryl K. Granner, Harpers Biochemistry, 26th Edition,McGrawHill Companies, February 2003.
REFERENCES:
1. Rao, N. Mallikarjuna, Medical Biochemistry, New Age International Pvt Ltd,2002.
2. Lalit M. Srivastava, Nibhriti Das & Subrata sinha, Essentials of practical Biochemistry, CBSPublishers, Ist edition,2002.
3. Bertini I, Gray HB, Stiefel EI, Valentine JS Biological inorganic chemistry. University Science Books,Sausalito, 2006.
4. Frausto da Silva JJR, Williams RJP The biological chemistry of the elements: the inorganic chemistry of life.Oxford
University Press, New York, 2001
5. Bertini I, Sigel A, Sigel H Handbook on metalloproteins. Marcel Dekker, New York ,2001.

BIOELECTRICITY AND RECORDING SYSTEMS
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OBJECTIVES To make the student understand
The genesis of biopotentials
Different types electrodes and recording systems
Electrical Safety
UNIT I:
Origin of Biopotentials: Cell Structure, Electrical activity Resting State, Active State, Action Potential. Electroneurogram
(ENG),Electromyogram (EMG), Electrocardiogram (ECG) Electroretinogram (ERG), Electroencephalogram (EEG),
Electrooculogram (EOG)
UNIT II:
Characteristics of action potentials: Nernst equation Derivations and its significance. Refractory Period, Characteristics of
Stimulus.Strength-Duration relationship, Electrical equivalent circuit of Axon. Membrane time and space constants,
Membrane conductance, Nerve conduction,
Propagation of impulses in unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fiber, Electrical properties of synaptic junctions EPSP and
IPSP.
UNIT III:
Bio Potential Electrodes: The Electrode Electrolyte Interface, Polarization, Polarizable and Nonpolarizable Electrodes,
Electrode Behavior and Circuit Models, The Electrode skin Interface and Motion Artifact. Body-surface Recording
Electrodes, Internal Electrodes, Electrode Arrays, Microelectrodes (Metal and Non Metallic) and its equivalent circuits,
Electrodes for Electric stimulation of tissue, Ion Sensitive Electrodes.
UNIT IV:
Basic Recording Systems: Writing Systems, Direct Writing Recorders, Thermal & Ink Systems The Ink Jet Recorder,
Potentiometric Recorder, Digital Recorders, Thermal Array Recorder, Video Printers, Electrostatic Recorder, Medical
oscilloscope, LCD Display.
UNIT V:
Electrical Safety : Physiological effects of Electricity, Important Susceptibility parameters, Distribution of Electric Power ,
Macro shock hazards, Micro Shock hazards, Electrical - Safety codes and Standards , Basic Approaches to protection against
shock , Protection : Power distribution, Protection: Equipment Design, Electrical Safety Analyzers, Testing the Electrical
System. Test of Electric Appliances.
OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able to
Know the basic levels of neuronal organization.
Differentiate the electrodes used to acquire biopotentials and recording systems
Recognize physiological parameters.
Gain knowledge on possible electrical hazards and have an awareness of the safety of medical instruments.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. John G. Webster. Medical Instrumentation. Application and Design. John Wiley and Sons. Inc., New York. Third edition
2013.
REFERENCES:
1. R.S. Khandpur. Hand Book of Biomedical Instrumentation, McGraw Hill, 2ndEdition , 2003.
2. L. A Geddes, Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation, John Willy & Sons,1989.
3. Joseph .J. Carr, John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson-2001

FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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OBJECTIVE:
This course introduces the basic concepts of circuit analysis which is the foundation for all subjects of the Electrical Engineering
discipline. The emphasis of this course is laid on the basic analysis of circuits which includes Single phase circuits, magnetic
circuits, theorems, transient analysis and network topology.
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND MAGNETIC CIRCUITS
Circuit Concept R,L,C parameters Voltage and Current sources Independent and dependent sources -Source transformation
Voltage Current relationship for passive elements Kirchhoffs laws network reduction techniques series, parallel, series
parallel, star-to-delta or delta-to-star transformation.
Magnetic Circuits Faradays laws of electromagnetic induction concept of self and mutual inductance dot convention
coefficient of coupling composite magnetic circuit - Analysis of series and parallel magnetic circuits.
UNIT II: SINGLE PHASE A.C CIRCUITS
R.M.S and Average values and form factor for different periodic wave forms, Steady state analysis of R, L and C (in series, parallel
and series parallel combinations) with sinusoidal excitation Concept of Reactance, Impedance, Susceptance and Admittance
Phase and Phase difference concept of power factor, Real and Reactive powers j-notation, Complex and Polar forms of
representation, Complex power Resonance series, parallel circuits, concept of band width and Q factor.
UNIT III: NETWORK THEOREMS (WITHOUT PROOFS)
Tellegens, Superposition, Reciprocity, Thevenins, Nortons, Maximum Power Transfer, Millmans and Compensation theorems
for DC and AC excitations.
UNIT IV: DC MACHINES
DC Machine- principle & operation of DC Generators and DC Motors , Different types of generator and motors, characteristics of
generator and motor, simple problems.(elementary treatment only).
UNIT V: AC MACHINES
Principle, construction and operation of single phase transformer, equivalent circuit, DC & AC test on single phase transformer,
transformer regulation, single phase synchronous generator, principle, construction & operation, characteristics. Principle,
operation, construction of single phase induction motor, characteristics. (Elementary treatment only)
OUTCOMES:
After going through this course the student gets a thorough knowledge on basic electrical parameters and different types
electrical (DC and AC)circuits and magnetic, the different methods to solve the voltages, currents , powers of the circuits , the
network theorems to solve the circuits, electromechanically energy conversion principle , construction operation characteristics
DC and AC machines, with which he/she can able to apply the above conceptual things to real-world electrical and electronics
problems and applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Basic concepts of Electrical Engineering, PS Subramanyam, BS Publications.
2. Basic Electrical Engineering, S.N. Singh, PHI.
REFERENCES:
1. Basic Electrical Engineering, Abhijit Chakrabarthi, Sudipta Nath, Chandrakumar Chanda, Tata-McGraw-Hill.
2. Principles of Electrical Engineering, V.K Mehta, Rohit Mehta, S.Chand Publications.
3. Basic Electrical Engineering, T.K.Nagasarkar and M.S. Sukhija, Oxford University Press.
4. Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering, Rajendra Prasad, PHI.
5. Basic Electrical Engineering by D.P.Kothari , I.J. Nagrath, McGraw-Hill.

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS
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OBJECTIVES:
This is a fundamental course, basic knowledge of which is required by all the circuit branch engineers. This course focuses:
To familiarize the student with the principle of operation, analysis and design of Junction diode, BJT and FET transistors and
amplifier circuits.
To understand diode as rectifier.
To study basic principle of filter circuits and various types.

UNIT I:
P-N Junction Diode: Qualitative Theory of P-N Junction, P-N Junction as a Diode, Diode Equation, Volt-Ampere Characteristics,
Temperature dependence of VI characteristic, Ideal versus Practical Resistance levels (Static and Dynamic), Transition and
Diffusion Capacitances, Diode Equivalent Circuits, Load Line Analysis, Breakdown Mechanisms in Semiconductor Diodes, Zener
Diode Characteristics.
Special Purpose Electronic Devices: Principle of Operation and Characteristics of Tunnel Diode (with the help of Energy Band
Diagram), Varactor Diode, SCR and Semiconductor Photo Diode.
UNIT II:
Rectifiers and Filters : The P-N junction as a Rectifier, Half wave Rectifier, Full wave Rectifier, Bridge Rectifier, Harmonic
components in a Rectifier Circuit, Inductor Filters, Capacitor Filters, L- Section Filters, - Section Filters, Comparison of Filters,
Voltage Regulation using Zener Diode.
UNIT III:
Bipolar Junction Transistor and UJT: The Junction Transistor, Transistor Current Components, Transistor as an Amplifier,
Transistor Construction, BJT Operation, BJT Symbol, Common Base, Common Emitter and Common Collector Configurations,
Limits of Operation , BJT Specifications, BJT Hybrid Model, Determination of h-parameters from Transistor Characteristics,
Comparison of CB, CE, and CC Amplifier Configurations, UJT and Characteristics.
UNIT IV:
Transistor Biasing and Stabilization: Operating Point, The DC and AC Load lines, Need for Biasing, Fixed Bias, Collector Feedback
Bias, Emitter Feedback Bias, Collector - Emitter Feedback Bias, Voltage Divider Bias, Bias Stability, Stabilization Factors,
Stabilization against variations in VBE and , Bias Compensation using Diodes and Transistors, Thermal Runaway, Thermal Stability,
Analysis of a Transistor Amplifier Circuit using h-Parameters.
UNIT V:
Field Effect Transistor and FET Amplifiers
Field Effect Transistor: The Junction Field Effect Transistor (Construction, principle of operation, symbol) Pinch-off Voltage Volt-Ampere characteristics, The JFET Small Signal Model, MOSFET (Construction, principle of operation, symbol), MOSFET
Characteristics in Enhancement and Depletion modes.
FET Amplifiers: FET Common Source Amplifier, Common Drain Amplifier, Generalized FET Amplifier, Biasing FET, FET as Voltage
Variable Resistor, Comparison of BJT and FET.
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
Understand and Analyse the different types of diodes, operation and its characteristics
Design and analyse the DC bias circuitry of BJT and FET .
Design biasing circuits using diodes and transistors.
To analyze and design diode application circuits, amplifier circuits and oscillators employing BJT, FET devices.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Millmans Electronic Devices and Circuits J. Millman, C.C.Halkias, and Satyabrata Jit, 2 Ed.,1998, TMH.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits Mohammad Rashid, Cengage Learing, 2013
3. Electronic Devices and Circuits David A. Bell, 5 Ed, Oxford
REFERENCES:
1. Integrated Electronics J. Millman and Christos C. Halkias, 1991 Ed., 2008, TMH.
2. Electronic Devices and Circuits R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, 9 Ed., 2006, PEI/PHI.
3. Electronic Devices and Circuits B. P. Singh, Rekha Singh, Pearson, 2Ed, 2013.
4. Electronic Devices and Circuits - K. Lal Kishore, 2 Ed., 2005, BSP.
5. Electronic Devices and Circuits Anil K. Maini, Varsha Agarwal, 1 Ed., 2009, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
6. Electronic Devices and Circuits S.Salivahanan, N.Suresh Kumar, A.Vallavaraj, 2 Ed., 2008, TMH.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
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OBJECTIVES:
This is a core subject, basic knowledge of which is required by all the engineers.
This course focuses on:
To get an in-depth knowledge about signals, systems and analysis of the same using various transforms.
UNIT I: Signal Analysis and Fourier series
Signal Analysis: Analogy between Vectors and Signals, Orthogonal Signal Space, Signal approximation using Orthogonal
functions, Mean Square Error, Closed or complete set of Orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in Complex functions,
Exponential and Sinusoidal signals, Concepts of Impulse function, Unit Step function, Signum function.
Fourier Series: Representation of Fourier series, Continuous time periodic signals, Properties of Fourier Series, Dirichlets
conditions, Trigonometric Fourier Series and Exponential Fourier Series, Complex Fourier spectrum.
UNIT II: Fourier Transforms and Sampling
Fourier Transforms: Deriving Fourier Transform from Fourier series, Fourier Transform of arbitrary signal, Fourier Transform
of standard signals, Fourier Transform of Periodic Signals, Properties of Fourier Transform, Fourier Transforms involving
Impulse function and Signum function, Introduction to Hilbert Transform.
Sampling: Sampling theorem Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, Types of Sampling - Impulse Sampling,
Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, Effect of under sampling Aliasing, Introduction to
Band Pass sampling.
UNIT III: Signal Transmission Through Linear Systems:
Linear System, Impulse response, Response of a Linear System, Linear Time Invariant (LTI) System, Linear Time Variant (LTV)
System, Transfer function of a LTI system, Filter characteristics of Linear Systems, Distortion less transmission through a
system, Signal bandwidth, System bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Paley-Wiener criterion for
physical realization, Relationship between Bandwidth and Rise time.
UNIT IV: Convolution and Correlation of Signals:
Concept of convolution in Time domain and Frequency domain, Graphical representation of Convolution, Convolution
property of Fourier Transforms, Cross Correlation and Auto Correlation of functions, Properties of Correlation function, Energy
density spectrum, Parsevals Theorem, Power density spectrum, Relation between Auto Correlation function and
Energy/Power spectral density function, Relation between Convolution and Correlation, Detection of periodic signals in the
presence of Noise by Correlation, Extraction of signal from noise by filtering.
UNIT V: Laplace Transforms and Z-Transforms
Laplace Transforms: Review of Laplace Transforms (L.T), Partial fraction expansion, Inverse Laplace
Transform, Concept of Region of Convergence (ROC) for Laplace Transforms, Constraints on ROC for various classes of signals,
Properties of L.T, Relation between L.T and F.T of a signal, Laplace Transform of certain signals using waveform synthesis.
ZTransforms: Fundamental difference between Continuous and Discrete time signals, Discrete Time signal representation
using Complex exponential and Sinusoidal components, Periodicity of Discrete time signal using complex exponential signal,
Concept of Z- Transform of a Discrete Sequence, Distinction between Laplace, Fourier and Z Transforms, Region of
Convergence in Z-Transform, Constraints on ROC for various classes of signals, Inverse Z-transform, Properties of Z-transforms.
OUTCOMES: Upon completing this course the student will be able to:
Represent any arbitrary signals in terms of complete sets of orthogonal functions and understands the principles of impulse
functions, step function and Signum function.
Express periodic signals in terms of Fourier series and express the spectrum and express the arbitrary signal (discrete) as
Fourier transform to draw the spectrum.
Understands the principle of linear system, filter characteristics of a system and its bandwidth, the concepts of auto
correlation and cross correlation and power Density Spectrum.
Can design a system for sampling a signal.
For a given system, response can be obtained using Laplace transform, properties and ROC of L.T. Study the continuous
and discrete signal relation and relation between F.T., L.T. & Z.T, properties,
ROC of Z Transform.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi, 2013, BSP.
2. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, 2 Ed., PHI.
REFERENCES:
1. Signals & Systems - Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley, 2 Ed.
2. Signals and Signals Iyer and K. Satya Prasad, Cengage Learning
3. Signals and Systems A.Rama Krishna Rao 2008, TMH.
4. Introduction to Signal and System Analysis K.Gopalan 2009, Cengage Learning.
5. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems - Michel J. Robert, 2008, MGH International Edition.
6. Signals, Systems and Transforms - C. L. Philips, J.M.Parr and Eve A.Riskin, 3 Ed., 2004, PE.

MEDICAL SCIENCES LAB
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Minimum of 10 experiments to be done

The histology slides of primary tissue and recording of B.P
The qualitative analysis of glucose, urea and creatinine and serum proteins, A/G Ratio.
The analysis of the urine sample and identify reducing sugars, proteins, ketone bodies, blood, bile salts and bile pigments.
Experiments:
1. Histology Practicals. Showing the slides of Primary tissues.
2. Recording of B. P. and Effects of Physical Exertion and Posture on this Parameter.
3. Demonstration of Dissecting Upper limbs, Lower limbs, Pelvis and Pelvic Organs Abdomen and Abdominal Organs.
4. Demonstration of Dissecting thorax showing heart & major blood vessels, lungs and respiratory system.
5. Recording Mechanical Response of the Muscle on Application of Induced Electric Signal,
6. Study of Rate of Conduction of Nerve Impulse.
7. Quantitative estimation of glucose, Urea and creatinine.
8. Quantitative estimation of Serum proteins, A/G Ratio
9. Test for presence of (a) Reducing Sugars (b) Proteins. (c) Ketone Bodies.
10. Test for presence of (a) Blood. (b) Bile Salts. (c) Bile Pigments.
11. Analysis of Na and K in an unknown sample (Demonstration).
12. Plasma protein electrophoresis.
Equipment required
1. Microscope
2. Sphygmomanometer
3. Stethoscope
4. Kymograph
5. Tuning Forks Of Different Resonant Frequencies
6. Poly Graph
7. Flame Photometer
8. Electrophoresis Apparatus
9. Chromatograph
10. Colorimeter.
11. Spectrophotometer.
12. Ph Meter
13. Flame Photometer
OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course, the student will be able
Demonstrate technical skills in the clinical laboratory.
Analyse the urine sample and identify reducing sugars, proteins, ketone bodies, blood, bile salts and bile pigments.
Identify the histology slides of primary tissue, recording of B.P, demonstrate the upper limbs, pelvis and pelvic organs.
Identify different parts of human body.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Essentials of practical Bio-chemistry by Lalit M. Srivastava CBS publishers 2002
2. An introduction to practical Bio-chemistry 3 rd edi David T Plummer Tata Mcgrawhill public 2003

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS LAB
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PART A: (Only for Viva-voce Examination)

Electronic Workshop Practice (In 3 Lab Sessions):
1. Identification, Specifications, Testing of R, L, C Components (Color Codes), Potentiometers, Switches (SPDT, DPDT, and
DIP), Coils, Gang Condensers, Relays, Bread Boards, PCBs
2. Identification, Specifications and Testing of Active Devices, Diodes, BJTs, Low power JFETs, MOSFETs, Power Transistors,
LEDs, LCDs, SCR, UJT.
3. Study and operation of
i)
Multimeters (Analog and Digital)
ii)
Function Generator
iii)
Regulated Power Supplies
iv)
CRO.
PART B: (For Laboratory Examination Minimum of 10 experiments)
1. Forward & Reverse Bias Characteristics of PN Junction Diode.
2. Zener diode characteristics and Zener as voltage Regulator.
3. Input & Output Characteristics of Transistor in CB Configuration and h-parameter calculations.
4. Input & Output Characteristics of Transistor in CE Configuration and h-parameter calculations.
5. Half Wave Rectifier with & without filters.
6. Full Wave Rectifier with & without filters.
7. FET characteristics.
8. Design of Self-bias circuit.
9. Frequency Response of CC Amplifier.
10. Frequency Response of CE Amplifier.
11. Frequency Response of Common Source FET amplifier.
12. SCR characteristics.
13. UJT Characteristics
PART C: Equipment required for Laboratories:
1. Regulated Power Supplies (RPS)
0-30V
2. Cathode Ray Oscilloscopes
0-20MHz
3. Function Generators
0-1 MHz
4. Multi meters
5. Decade Resistance Boxes / Rheostats
6. Ammeters (Analog / Digital 0-20 micro Amps, 0-50 micro Amps, 0-100 micro Amps, 0-200 micro Amps, 0-10milli Amps
7. Voltmeters (Analog / Digital)
0-50V, 0-100V, 0-250V
8. Electronic Components: Resistors, Capacitors, BJT, FETs, LCDs, SCRs, UJTs, Transistors-NPN, PNP

BASIC TECHNICAL SKILLS LAB
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OBJECTIVES:
Understanding the design and manufacturing aspects.
Initiation of entrepreneurial skills.
To understand the functionalities of various Hardware, Software & Networking concepts
To understand the environments of different types of Operating systems like UNIX/LINUX and Web Technologies.
To understand the Development Life Cycle of the Software Project

(Minimum of 10 experiments should be conducted)
PART A:
1. Introduction to Computers, Discussion on Hardware and Software concepts, Types of Networks & Networking Components.
2. Introduction to Operating systems, Differences and advantages between UNIX/LINUX/Windows.
3. Learning UNIX/LINUX Commands
Programming in C with LINUX/UNIX Platform:
4. Working with LINUX Environment.
a) Basic commands execution.
b) Vi editor operation, how to write & run simple C programs.
c) Write a C program for roots of quadratic equation.
5.
a) Write a program for pyramid format.

b) Write a program for reverse the given number.
c) Write function to check given number is prime number or not.
d) Write a program for multiplication of two matrix.
6. Working with web Technologies: Introduction to Designing Web pages using HTML,
7. Introduction to DHTML, CSS and Scripting Languages
8. Introduction to Software Engineering Concepts, Software Development Life Cycle, Software Testing and Testing a Sample
Application by Free Testing Tool.
PART B:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Electrical Safety and Earthing Measures

Soldering Practice and Demonstration of PCB Layout Design
Introduction to Simulation and Testing Tools
Electronic Circuit Designing Process-Case Study
Cloning Arduino and Simple Experiments
Case Study of Household Appliances/Products
Case Study of Solar Power Plant
8. Case Study of Water Purification Plant.
Equipment & Consumables Required:

1. Soldering Stations & De-soldering Pump
2. Multimeters
3. CRO
4. Analog Discovery Kits
5. Function Generators
6.
7.
Multisim/Proteus
Miscellaneous Consumables
OUTCOMES:
Ability to understand the technical skills and Practical Exposure
Creative Thinking & Entrepreneurial Experience
Improve the Ability to understand the Components of Hardware and Software concepts,
Understanding UNIX and Linux environment and working on LINUX

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
II Year B.Tech. BME II-Semester
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Objectives: The student will learn the following:
Understanding the importance of ecological balance for sustainable development.
Understanding the impacts of developmental activates and mitigation measures.
Understanding the environmental policies and regulations

UNIT I: Water Treatment:
Drinking water and its Specifications for consumption and its treatment. Industrial waste water treatment common treatment
plant and effluent treatment plant. Sewage water treatment primary, secondary treatment. Desalination of salt water Reverse
osmosis Electro dialysis. Biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand(COD)
UNIT II: Environmental Pollution and Control Technologies:
Environmental Pollution: Classification of pollution, Air Pollution: Primary and secondary pollutants, Automobile and Industrial
pollution, Ambient air quality standards. Water pollution: Sources and types of pollution, Soil Pollution: Sources and types,
Impacts of modern agriculture, degradation of soil. Noise Pollution: Sources and Health hazards, standards, Solid waste: Municipal
Solid Waste management, e-Waste. Pollution control technology. Overview of air pollution control technologies. Global
Environmental Problems and Global Efforts: Climate change and impacts on human environment. Ozone depletion and Ozone
depleting substances (ODS). International conventions / Protocols: Earth summit, Kyoto protocol and Montral Protocol.
UNIT-III: ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERSITY:
Ecosystems: Definition, Scope and Importance of ecosystem. Classification, structure and function of an ecosystem, Food chains,
food webs and ecological pyramids. Flow of energy, Biogeochemical cycles, Bio magnifications.
Biodiversity: Introduction, Definition, genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Value of Biodiversity, consumptive use,
productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and optional values. India as a mega diversity nation, Hot spots of biodiversity. Threats
to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts; conservation of biodiversity: In-Situ and Ex-situ
conservation.
UNIT IV: NATURAL RESOURCES:
Natural Resources: Classification of Resources: Living and Non-Living resources, water resources: use and over utilization of
surface and ground water, floods and droughts, Dams: benefits and problems. Mineral resources: use and exploitation,
environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, Land resources: Forest resources, Energy resources: growing
energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, and use of alternate energy source.
UNIT V: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY & EIA:
Environmental Policy, Legislation & EIA: Environmental Protection act, Legal aspects Air Act- 1981, Water Act, Forest Act, Wild
life Act, Municipal solid waste management and handling rules, biomedical waste management and handling rules, hazardous
waste management and handling rules. EIA: EIA structure, methods of baseline data acquisition. Overview on Impacts of air,
water, biological and Socio-economical aspects. Strategies for risk assessment, Concepts of Environmental Management Plan
(EMP). Towards Sustainable Future: Concept of Sustainable Development, Population and its explosion, Environmental Education,
Life cycle assessment (LCA), Low carbon life style.
Outcomes:
Based on this course, the Engineering graduate will understand /evaluate /develop technologies on the basis of Ecological
principles and environmental regulations which intern helps in sustainable development
TEXT BOOKS:
1. 1 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha for University Grants Commission.
2. 2 Environmental Studies by R. Rajagopalan, Oxford University press
REFERENCE:
1. Environmental Science: towards a sustainable future by Richard T.Wright. 2008 PHL Learning Private Ltd. New Delhi.
2. Environmental Engineering and science by Gilbert M.Masters and Wendel P. Ela .2008 PHI LearningPvt. Ltd.
3. Environmental Science by Daniel B.Botkin & Edward A.Keler, Wiley INDIA edition.
4. Environmental Studies by Anubha Kaushik, 4th Edition, New age international publishers.
5. Text book of Environmental Science and Technology Dr. M. Anji Redy 2007, BS Publications.

SWITCHING THEORY AND LOGIC DESIGN
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OBJECTIVES:
This course provides in-depth knowledge of switching theory and the design techniques of digital circuits, which is the basis
for design of any digital circuit.
The main objectives are:
To learn basic techniques for the design of digital circuits and fundamental concepts used in the design of digital systems.
To understand common forms of number representation in digital electronic circuits and to be able to convert between
different representations.
Implement simple logical operations using combinational logic circuits To design combinational logic circuits, sequential
logic circuits.
To impart to student the concepts of sequential circuits, enabling them to analyze sequential systems in terms of state
machines.
To implement synchronous state machines using flip-flops.

UNIT I:
Number System and Boolean Algebra And Switching Functions: Number Systems, Base Conversion Methods, Complements
of Numbers, Codes- Binary Codes, Binary Coded Decimal Code and its Properties, Unit Distance Codes, Alpha Numeric Codes,
Error Detecting and Correcting Codes.
Boolean Algebra: Basic Theorems and Properties, Switching Functions, Canonical and Standard Form, Algebraic Simplification
of Digital Logic Gates, Properties of XOR Gates, Universal Gates, Multilevel NAND/NOR realizations.
UNIT II:
Minimization and Design of Combinational Circuits: Introduction, The Minimization with theorem, The Karnaugh Map
Method, Five and Six Variable Maps, Prime and Essential Implications, Dont Care Map Entries, Using the Maps for Simplifying,
Tabular Method, Partially Specified Expressions, Multi-output Minimization, Minimization and Combinational Design,
Arithmetic Circuits, Comparator, Multiplexers, Code Converters, Wired Logic, Tristate Bus System, Practical Aspects related to
Combinational Logic Design, Hazards and Hazard Free Relations.
UNIT III:
Sequential Machines Fundamentals: Introduction, Basic Architectural Distinctions between Combinational and Sequential
circuits, The Binary Cell, Fundamentals of Sequential Machine Operation, The Flip-Flop, The D-Latch Flip-Flop, The Clocked T
Flip-Flop, The Clocked J-K Flip-Flop, Design of a Clocked Flip-Flop, Conversion from one type of Flip-Flop to another, Timing
and Triggering Consideration, Clock Skew.
UNIT IV:
Sequential Circuit Design and Analysis: Introduction, State Diagram, Analysis of Synchronous Sequential Circuits, Approaches
to the Design of Synchronous Sequential Finite State Machines, Design Aspects, State Reduction, Design Steps, Realization
using Flip-Flops Counters - Design of Single mode Counter, Ripple Counter, Ring Counter, Shift Register, Shift Register
Sequences, Ring Counter Using Shift Register.
UNIT V:
Sequential Circuits: Finite state machine-capabilities and limitations, Mealy and Moore models-minimization of completely
specified and incompletely specified sequential machines, Partition techniques and Merger chart methods-concept of minimal
cover table.
Algorithmic State Machines: Salient features of the ASM chart-Simple examples-System design using data path and control
subsystems-control implementations-examples of Weighing machine and Binary multiplier.
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the course, students should possess the following skills:
Be able to manipulate numeric information in different forms, e.g. different bases, signed integers, various codes such as
ASCII, Gray, and BCD.
Be able to manipulate simple Boolean expressions using the theorems and postulates of Boolean algebra and to minimize
combinational functions.
Be able to design and analyse small combinational circuits and to use standard combinational functions/building blocks
to build larger more complex circuits.
Be able to design and analyse small sequential circuits and devices and to use standard sequential functions/building
blocks to build larger more complex circuits.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Switching and Finite Automata Theory- Zvi Kohavi & Niraj K. Jha, 3rd Edition, Cambridge.
2. Digital Design- Morris Mano, PHI, 3rd Edition.
REFERENCES:
1. Introduction to Switching Theory and Logic Design Fredriac J. Hill, Gerald R. Peterson, 3rd Ed,John Wiley & Sons Inc.
2. Digital Fundamentals A Systems Approach Thomas L. Floyd, Pearson, 2013.
3. Digital Logic Design - Ye Brian and Holds Worth, Elsevier
4. Fundamentals of Logic Design- Charles H. Roth, Cengage LEanring, 5th, Edition, 2004.
5. Digital Logic Applications and Design- John M. Yarbrough, Thomson Publications, 2006.
6. Digital Logic and State Machine Design Comer, 3rd, Oxford, 2013.

PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
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OBJECTIVES:
To explain the complete response of RC and RLC transient circuits
To explain clippers, clampers. Switching characteristics of transistors and sampling gates
To construct various multi vibrators using transistors, design of sweep circuits, and sampling gates
To discuss and realize logic gates using diodes and transistors

UNIT I:
Linear Wave Shaping: High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal, step, pulse, square, ramp and exponential
inputs, high pass RC circuit as differentiator and low pass RC circuit as integrator, attenuators, RL and RLC circuits and their
response for step input, ringing circuit.
UNIT II:
Non-Linear Wave Shaping: Diode clippers, transistor clippers, clipping at two independent levels, emitter coupled clipper,
comparators, applications of voltage comparators, clamping operation, clamping circuits using diode with different inputs,
clamping circuit theorem, practical clamping circuits, effect of diode characteristics on clamping voltage.
UNIT III:
Steady State Switching Characteristics Of Devices: Diode as a switch, diode switching times, temperature variation of
saturation parameters, design of transistor as a switch, transistor-switching times, transistor in saturation. SAMPLING GATES:
Basic operating principles of sampling gates, Unidirectional diode gate, Bi-directional sampling gates using transistors,
Reduction of pedestal in gate circuit, four diode sampling gate, an alternate form of four diode gate, six diode sampling gate.
UNIT IV:
Analysis and design of Bi-stable, Mono-stable and astable multi vibrators and Schmitt trigger using transistors.
Time Base Generators: General features of a time base signal, methods of generating time base waveform, miller and
bootstrap time base generators basic principles, transistor miller time base generator, transistor bootstrap time base
generator, current time base generators, methods of linearity improvements.
UNIT V:
Synchronization And Frequency Division: Principles of Synchronization, Frequency division in sweep circuit, Astable relaxation
circuits, monostable relaxation circuits, synchronization of a sweep circuit with symmetrical signals, sine wave frequency
division with a sweep circuit.
Realization of Logic Gates (OR, AND, NOT) Using Diodes & Transistors, DCTL, RTL, DTL, TTL, ECL, CML, CMOS logic family and
comparison of logic families.
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the syllabus the students are able to:
Explain the complete response of RC and RLC transient circuits
Explain clippers, clampers. Switching characteristics of transistors and sampling gates
Construct various multi vibrators using transistors, design of sweep circuits, and sampling gates
Realize logic gates using diodes and transistors

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Jacob Millman, Herbert Taub, Mothiki S. Prakash Rao (2008), Pulse, Digital and Switching Waveforms, 3rd edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
REFERENCE:
1. David A. Bell (2002), Solid state pulse circuits, 4th edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
2. Anand Kumar A (2005), Pulse and Digital Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, India.
3. Mothiki S. Prakash Rao (2006), Pulse and Digital Circuits, Tata McGraw Hill, India.

CLINICAL SCIENCES-I
II Year B.Tech. BME II-Sem
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CLINICAL SCIENCES I
The principles and clinical significance of procedures used in Nephrology, Neurology and Cardiology
The principles of Cardiac Assist Devices and General Surgery.

UNIT I:
NEPHROLOGY: Principles of dialysis; Haemodialysis, Acetate dialysis, Bicarbonate dialysis. Peritonial dialysis, Chronic
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, Haemoperfusion, Sequential ultra-filtration. Haemofiltration, Adequacy of dialysis, Clearance,
dialysance.Components of dialysing system, Dialysate, composition of dialysate, Types of dialysers, controls and monitoring
devices for dialysers. Renal transplantation: Basic principles.
UNIT II:
NEUROLOGY: Diseases of Nervous System: spinal cord lesions, motor nervous disease, Prolapsedintravertebral disc,
Neuropathies, Myasthenia gravis, Diseases of muscle.
Diagnostic Investigations in Neurology: Electro encephalography. Computerized axial tomography, Angiography,
Pneumoencephalography, neuromuscular stimulation
Electromyography, Diseases of muscle, Motor neuron disorders, electrical study of reflexes.the silent period. the F response,
The H reflex, The axon reflexes. Disorders of neuromuscular transmission
UNIT III:
CARDIOLOGY: Heart structure and function, Cardiac cycle, various valves and their function, Cardio vascular measurements.
Prosthetic devices.Monitors.Heart lung machine applications.CVP and SWAN catheters.
Electrocardiography: Source of ECG potentials: Dipole theory, conduction system, Normal and abnormal ECGs. Diagnostic
applications, interpretation of ECG. Cardiac pacing & Diagnostic indications. Criteria for selection. Therapeutic indications.
Complications.
Temporary pacing.Permanent pacing.
UNIT IV:
CARDIAC ASSIST DEVICES: Arterial and Ventricular fibrillation, application of cardiac assist devices. Cardiac
catheterisation.Echocardiography, Cine angiography, Treadmill and Ergometer Diagnostic usage of ultrasound
scanners.Doppler ultrasound measurement.Clinical significance. Open heart surgery grafts, bypass surgery. Instrumentation
used for open-heart surgery, Organization of I.C.C.U Clinical aspects.
UNIT V:
GENERAL SURGERY: Surgical patient. Clinically significant investigations, Pre-operative preparation.Study and operation of
surgical equipment.laparoscopy and its use in various surgeries GASTROENTROLOGY: Anatomy and physiology of G.I.T.
clinically significant symptoms, signs and diseases. Nutritional support and parenteral therapy.Height and weight estimations
according to age. Intravenous cannulae, I. V Sets, Infusion pumps, stomach wash tubes. Various endoscopic procedures, liver
biopsy etc.
OUTCOME: By the end of this course, student will be able to:
Explain and analyze different clinical procedures used in Nephrology, Neurology and Cardiology
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Strauss, Maurice B. &Louis G.Welt. Diseases of kidney, vol. 1&2 Little Brown.1997
2. James G. Mcleod, Physiological Approach to Clinical Neurology, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd, 3rd edition.
REFERENCES:
1. D.Goldstein, mehmet Oz, Cardiac Assist Devices, Blackwell Future, 2002.
2. Robert F Rushmer , Cardio vascular Dynamics.WB Saunders, 1976.
3. T.L Dent. W.E. Stodel, J.G.turcotte, Surgical Endoscopy, year book Medical pub,1985.
4. Jones DB,Wu JS, Soper NJ, Laproscopic surgery: Principles and Procedures2nd ed, Marcel Dekker, 2004.

BIO TRANSDUCERS AND APPLICATIONS
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Measurement of physical/chemical/biological variables relevant to medicine and biology using transducers
Design of instruments useful to the medical community
Identify the biomedical problems that can be addressed by instrumentation. All this is done on a graduate level, and indepth, focusing on transducers and the input stage of the associated electronics
UNIT I:
Introduction: Medical instrumentation system, Classification of transducers, Characteristics of bio-transducers: linearity,
Hysteresis, Amplitude and Phase distortion, Sampling errors, Input and Output impedance effects. Design Criteria: Factors
influencing the choice and design of the bio-transducer.
UNIT II:
Temperature Transducers: Thermo resistive, Thermo electric, PN junction diode-Thermometers, frequency change temperature
Transducers, Chemical Thermometry, Radiation sensors and Radiation Thermometry.
UNIT III:
Displacement Transducers: Resistive, Resistive strain gauges. L.V.D.T, Inductive, Capacitive transducers, Ultrasonic methods.
Force & Velocity Transducers: Differentiation and Integration methods, Doppler system, Electromagnetic methods. Piezo electric
transducers
UNIT IV:
Pressure Transducers: Occlusive cuff methods. Direct hydraulically coupled Catheter transducer system, Diaphragm displacement
pressure transducers. Catheter tip transducer. Optical transducers. Implantable pressure transducer, Micro pressure transducer.
UNIT V:
Flow Transducers: Flow probe design and application: Catheter tip electromagnetic Intra vascular probe & electronic system.
Doppler shift flow meters, Pressure gradient technique, Intra vascular Thermistor probe, Water filled plethysmography, Air filled
plethysmography
OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, students will become competent in basic concepts and topics of Transducers and shall be
able to:
Measure physical/ chemical /biological variables relevant to medicine and biology using state-of-the-art instrumentation
Design instruments useful to the medical community.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Medical Instrumentation. - Application and Design. John G.Webster. Wiley India (P) Ltd.. Third edition 2008.
2. Tatsuo Togawa, Toshiyo Tamura & P, Ake Oberg, Biomedical Transducers and Instruments, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1997.
REFERENCE:
1. Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation ,Khandpur, Tata McGraw-Hill Education
2. L. A Geddes, L.E.Baker, Principles of Applied Biomedical Instrumentation, John Wiley India.
3. Introduction to Measurements and Instrumentation, second edition, Arun K Ghosh, PHI, New Delhi 2007

HOSPITAL SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
II Year B.Tech. BME II- Semester
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Role and functions of biomedical engineers in a hospital.
The various aspects of hospital systems and services

UNIT I:
Classification of Hospital Systems: General, Specialist, Teaching and Research Hospitals, Primary Health Centre Their role,
Functions. Role of Biomedical Engineers
Aspects of Hospital Services: Outpatient, Inpatient, supportive, emergency, drug and medical supply. Nursing Services, Dietary
services, Transport services
UNIT II:
Hospital Planning: Location, Orientation, budgeting, communication both within and outside the hospital. Electric power supply
for various Theatres and Rooms, Diesel Generator, standby power supply.
Air conditioning of important theatres and equipment housings, water supply requirements and management, lifts, fire fighting
and equipments. Sanitation within the hospitals, laundry services.
UNIT III:
Computer and Information Management in Hospitals: Registration, Administration, Discharge records of patients. Patients
billing, Maintenance of patients records, Maintenance of inventory of medicines and drugs.
UNIT IV:
Electrical Factors in Hospital Design: voltage stabilizer, uninterrupted power supply for intensive care units and computerized
monitoring units, safety precautions.
Electrical factors associated with equipment: interference of systems, protection, and grounding of ECG, EEG, EMG and other
therapeutic equipments.
UNIT V:
Servicing & Engineering: Biomedical equipment services, purchase, servicing and maintenance, Management of condemned
equipment, Training of men on medical equipments, preventive and periodical maintenance procedures.
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course student will be able to apply the concepts in
Hospital planning
Hospital services
Computer and information management in hospitals
Biomedical equipment services and maintenance
Electrical factors in hospital design

TEXT BOOKS
1. S. I, Goel & Ram Kumar, Hospital Administration and Management, Deep and Deep Publications, New Delhi.2002.
2. Principles of Hospital Administration and Management by Ravi Bindra, Adroit publishers, 2004
REFERENCES:
1. Source book of Modern Technology for Hospitals and Health care by Ashok Sahni, ISHA, BANGALORE, 1992.
2. I.Donald Snook, Opportunities in Hospital Administration Careers, McGraw-Hill, 1997.

TRANSDUCERS LAB
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To understand the working principles different types of transducers.
Minimum Ten experiments to be conducted.
1.
L.V.D.T & STRAIN GAUGE Designing of Oscillator & proportional amplifier
2.
Resistance Thermometry (R. T. D)
3.
Thermister & Thermocouple Designing of Bridge Circuit & Reference Junction Compensation Circuit
4.
Photo Sensors: Photo Diode, Solar Cell, and Photo Transistor
5.
pH Measurement
6.
Pressure Measurement Designing of Instrumentation Amp With Different Gains
7.
Level Measurement
8.
P. I. D P.I, P.D, P. I. D Designing Of Integrator & Differentiator Using Components
9.
Op-Amp As Adder Subtractor Designing of Adder & Subtractor Using Components
10. Speed Measurement

11. L. D. R & Piezo Electric Transducers
12. Inductive & Capacitive Pickup
The transducers/ equipment required to do the above experiments
1. L.V.D.T
2. STRAIN GAUGE (cantilever strain gauge)
3. Resistance Thermometry (R. T. D)
4. Thermister
5. Thermocouple
6. Photo Sensors: Photo Diode, Solar Cell, and Photo Transistor, L. D. R
7. pH Meter
8. Sealed pressure transducer for Pressure Measurement
9. Micro controller based Level Measurement system
10. P. I. D setup
11. Electric pickup and magnetic pickup for Speed Measurement
12. Piezo Electric Transducer
13. Inductive & Capacitive Pickup
14. Signal generators
15. C.R.O
16. Digital storage C.R.O
17. Multimeter
OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, students will be able to
Analyze the performance of different types of transducers
Appreciate the applications of them
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BASIC SIMULATION LAB
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Note:
All the experiments are to be simulated using MATLAB or equivalent software
Minimum of 15 experiments is to be completed

List of Experiments:
1.
Basic Operations on Matrices.
2.
Generation of Various Signals and Sequences (Periodic and Aperiodic), such as Unit Impulse, Unit Step, Square, Saw tooth,
Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp, Sinc.
3.
Operations on Signals and Sequences such as Addition, Multiplication, Scaling, Shifting, Folding, Computation of Energy and
Average Power.
4.
5.
Finding the Even and Odd parts of Signal/Sequence and Real and Imaginary parts of Signal.
Convolution between Signals and sequences.
6.
7.
Auto Correlation and Cross Correlation between Signals and Sequences.

Verification of Linearity and Time Invariance Properties of a given Continuous/Discrete System.
8.
Computation of Unit sample, Unit step and Sinusoidal responses of the given LTI system and verifying its physical
realiazability and stability properties.
9.
Gibbs Phenomenon
10. Finding the Fourier Transform of a given signal and plotting its magnitude and phase spectrum.
11. Waveform Synthesis using Laplace Transform.
12. Locating the Zeros and Poles and plotting the Pole-Zero maps in S-plane and Z-Plane for the given transfer function.
13. Generation of Gaussian noise ( Real and Complex), Computation of its mean, M.S. Value and its Skew, Kurtosis, and PSD,
Probability Distribution Function.
14. Sampling Theorem Verification.
15. Removal of noise by Autocorrelation / Cross correlation.
16. Extraction of Periodic Signal masked by noise using Correlation.
17. Verification of Weiner-Khinchine Relations.
18. Checking a Random Process for Stationarity in Wide sense.

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT LAB
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Objectives:
To listen to different texts and comprehend them.

To train students to use appropriate language for public speaking
To encourage students to make writing habit.
To make the students understand the importance of working in teams in the present day scenario.
To make students understand how setting goals in life is important.
To make students realize how group decision making is better than decisions made individually.
To help students better understand basic leadership qualities and personality traits.
To stress upon students, the importance of time management.
To facilitate critical thinking and analysis of activities and attitudes that support Companys success.
Syllabus: Professional Skills & Personality Development Lab

The following course content is prescribed for the Professional Skills & Personality Development Lab
Seminar Presentations 2 Sessions

Public Speaking 2 Sessions
Writing for different purposes - 2 Sessions
Reading Comprehension - 2 Sessions
Listening Comprehension - 2 Sessions
Working in Teams 1 Session
The art of Goal setting - 1 Session
Group decisions - 1 Session
Time Management - 1 Session
Visioning Exercise - 1 Session
Leadership in Action - 1 Session
Minimum Requirements of Professional Skills & Personality Development Lab

A Spacious room with movable chairs and audio-visual aids with a Public Address System, a digital stereo audio & video
system and camcorder etc.
Outcomes:
After completing the course the students will be able to
Comprehend conversations and speeches.
Speak with clarity and confidence thereby enhancing their employability skills.
Identify his/her creative self, and express effectively the same in writing.
Explain the advantages of teamwork and how the tasks could be completed effectively when done as a cohesive unit.
Realize that setting goals is a fundamental component to long-term success of an individual.
Enable students to understand different aspects of leadership and evaluate in their own strengths
Be more organized and disciplined

Books Suggested
1. Sasi Kumar, V & Dhamija, P.V. How to Prepare for Group Discussion and Interviews. Tata McGraw Hill
2. Nambiar, K.C. 2011. Speaking Accurately. A Course in International Communication. New Delhi :Foundation
3. Soundararaj, Francis. 2012. Basics of Communication in English. New Delhi: Macmillan
Spoken English ( CIEFL) in 3 voluments with 6 cassettes, OUP.
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CLINICAL SCIENCES-II
III Year B.Tech. BME I-Semester
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The concepts in general Anesthesia, postoperative care and patient monitoring during surgery and radiotherapy.
Measurement techniques of intravascular pressure, humidity and temperature measurement.

UNIT I:
Orthopedics: classification of joints, reduction replacements
Pathology: general pathology, investigations. Blood bank: blood groups, blood transfusion, exchange transfusion.
UNIT II:
Anesthesia: general Anesthesia, uptake of Anesthetic gases and vapors, Preanaesthetic care and preparation. Postoperative care,
Laws of gases. Recommendations and preventions. Patient monitoring during surgery: Invasive and non-invasive monitoring,
recent trends.
Organization of theatres, CSSD
UNIT III:
Measurement of Intra vascular pressure of Blood flow, Plethysmography. Humidity and Temperature measurements,
Mechanism of Respiration, Gas exchange. Artificial respiration, Diagnostic and Therapeutic indications.
UNIT IV :
Radio therapy: Principles of radiation, cancer radio therapy. Perspective, Radio sensitivity, Radio resistance of tumors and
Tissues.Classification of Tumors according to cell radio sensitivity.
Cell survival theory: Oxygen effect. Cell repair, radio curability of tumors.Therapeutic ratio.normal Tissue tolerance dose.
UNIT V:
Management on radiation: Radioactive protection. Somatic effects, LD 50. Cause of radiation on skin, blood, blood forming
organs and Reproductive organs. Biological effects of radiation. Determination of distribution of radioactive material within the
body.Radio immunoassay, Polycythemia, meta static bone diseases. Malignancy, plural effusion and ascites.Therapeutic uses of
Radio isotopes
OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, student will be able to:
Explain the concepts in general Anesthesia, postoperative care and patient monitoring during surgery and radiotherapy.
Differentiate and analyze the measurement techniques of intravascular pressure, humidity and temperature measurement.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. John Crawford Adams, Outline of Orthopedics. Churchill Livingstone, 2001.
2. Ronald. D. Miller., Millers Anesthesia: 2 volume set, 2004.
3. W.J. Meredith & J.B.Massey, Fundamental Physics of Radiology. Johns and Cunningham
REFERENCES:
1. Ramesh chandra The Physics of Radiology-An Introduction to Nuclear Medicine.
2. Lawrence A.Kaplan etal., Clinical Chemistry: Theory, Analysis, Correlation, 4th ed, 2002.

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
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OBJECTIVES:
To provide the basic concepts of communication systems.
To understand various analog and digital modulation techniques
To familiarize with information theory and coding

UNIT I:
Introduction : Block diagram of Electrical communication system, Radio communication : Types of communications, Analog, pulse
and digital Types of signals, Noise Types of noise, sources of noise, calculation of noise in Linear systems, and noise figure.
UNIT II:
Amplitude Modulation: Need for modulation, Types of Amplitude modulation, AM, DSB SC, SSB SC, Power and BW requirements,
generation of AM, DSB SC, SSB SC, Demodulation of AM : Diode detector, Product demodulation for DSB SC & SSB SC.
Angle Modulation: Frequency & Phase modulations, advantages of FM over AM, Bandwidth consideration, Narrow band and
Wide band FM, Comparison of FM & PM.
UNIT III:
Pulse Modulations : Sampling, Nyquist rate of sampling, Sampling theorem for Band limited signals, PAM, regeneration of base
band signal, PWM and PPM, Time Divison Multiplexing, Frequency Divison Multiplexing, Asynchronous Multiplexing.
UNIT IV:
Digital Communication: Advantages, Block diagram of PCM, Quantization, effect of quantization, quantization error, Base band
digital signal, DM, ADM, ADPCM and comparison.
Digital Modulation: ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, QPSK demodulation, coherent and incoherent reception, Modems.
UNIT V:
Information Theory: Concept of information, rate of information and entropy, Source coding for optimum rate of information,
Coding efficiency, Shanon-Fano and Huffman coding.
Error control coding: Introduction, Error detection and correction codes, block codes, convolution codes.
OUTCOMES: On successful completion of the module students will be able to
Explain the main concepts of analog and digital communication systems;
Analyze and design an AM and FM modulator/ demodulator;
Explain, discuss and compare different binary digital modulation techniques;
Explain types of noise & effects of noise on communication system.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Communication Systems Analog and Digital R.P. Singh and SD Sapre, TMH, 20th reprint, 2004.
2. Principles of Communications H. Taub and D. Schilling, TMH, 2003.
REFERENCES:
1. Electronic Communication Systems Kennedy and Davis, TMH, 4th edition, 2004.
2. Communication Systems Engineering John. G. Proakis and Masoud Salehi, PHI, 2nd Ed. 2004.

DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
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OBJECTIVES:
To provide fundamental concepts for the analysis and processing of digital signals
To familiarize the relationships between continuous time and discrete time signals and systems
To study fundamentals of time , frequency, Z-plane analysis, and to discuss, the inter relationships of these analytic method
To study the designs and structures of digital IIR, FIR filters from analysis to synthesis for a given specifications
To acquaint in FFT algorithms, multi rate signal processing and finite word length effects
UNIT I:
Introduction To Digital Signal Processing: Discrete time signals & systems, linear shift invariant systems, stability and causality,
Discrete time systems described by difference equations, Frequency domain representation of discrete time signals and systems.
REALIZATION OF DIGITAL FILTERS: Structures for FIR systems: Direct form structure, Cascade form structures, Structures for IIR
systems: Direct form structures, Signal flow graphs and transposed structures, cascade form structures, Parallel form structures.
UNIT II:
Descrete Fourier Series: Discrete Fourier series representation of periodic sequences, Properties of discrete Fourier series,
Discrete Fourier transforms: frequency domain sampling, , linear convolution of sequences using DFT, Computation of DFT,
Overlap Add method, Overlap save method, Relationship of DFT to other transforms,
FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS: Properties of DFT, Fast Fourier transforms (FFT) - Radix-2 FFT algorithm, Inverse FFT., FFT with
general radix N
UNIT III:
IIR Digital Filters: Analog filter approximations, IIR filter design by analog Approximation of Butter worth and Chebyshev filters,
Step and impulse invariant technique, Bilinear transformation method, Spectral transformation,
UNIT IV:
FIR Digital Filters: Characteristics of FIR digital filters, Design of FIR Digital Filters using Windows, Fourier method, Frequency
Sampling method, Comparison of FIR and IIR digital filters
UNIT V:
Multirate digital signal processing:
Introduction, Down sampling, Decimation, Up sampling, Interpolation, Sampling rate conversion, Finite word length effects, Limit
cycles, Overflow oscillations, Round off noise, Methods to prevent overflow, Trade off between round off and overflow noise,
dead band effects
OUTCOMES: After the completion of the course the students are able to,
Perform time, frequency and Z-Transform analysis on signals and systems
Understand the inter relationships between DFT and various transforms
Understand the significance of various filter structures
Design a digital filter for a given structure
Understand the computation of DFT and FFT

TEXT BOOKS:
1. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis (2007), Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms, and Applications, Pearson
Education India
2. A.V. Oppenheim, R. W. Schaffer (2009), Discrete Time Signal Processing, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
REFERENCES:
1. Digital Signal Processing-Fundamentals and applications by Li Tan, Elsevier, 2008
2. Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB- Robert J Shilling, Sandra Harris, Thomson
3. Discrete systems and Digital Signal Processing with MATLAB Taan S ElAli, CRC press, 2009
4. Digital Signal Processing A Practical approach, Emmanuel C Ifeachor and Barrie W Jervis, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education,
2009
5. Digital Signal Processing , Nagoor Kani, TMG, 2012

LINEAR AND DIGITAL IC APPLICATIONS
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OBJECTIVES:
The Main objectives of the course are:
To introduce the basic building blocks of linear integrated circuits
To teach the linear and non linear applications of operational amplifiers.
To introduce the theory and applications of analog multipliers and PLL.
To teach the theory of ADC and DAC.
To introduce the concepts of waveform generation and introduce some special function ICs.
To understand and implement the working of basic digital circuits.

UNIT I:
Operational Amplifier: Ideal and Practical Op-amp, Op-amp characteristics,DC and AC characteristics, Feature of 741 Op-amp ,
Modes of operation-inverting, non-inverting, Differential, , Instrumentation Amplifier, AC Amplifier, Differentiators and
Integrators, Comparators, Schmitt trigger, Introduction to voltage regulators, Features of 723 Regulator, Three terminal Voltage
Regulators.
UNIT II:
Op-Amp,IC-555 & IC 565 Applications: Introduction to Active Filters, Characteristics of Band Pass, Band reject and All Pass Filters,
Analysis of 1st order LPF&HPF Butter worth filters, waveform generators Triangular, Saw tooth, Square wave,IC555 TimerFunctional Diagram, Monostable and Astable operations, Applications, IC565PLL - Block schematic, Description of individual
blocks, Applications.
UNIT III:
Data Convertors: Introduction , Basic DAC techniques, Different types of DAC s-weighted resistor DAC, R-2R ladder DAC, inverted
R-2R DAC, Different Types of ADCs- Parallel Comparator type ADC,Counter type ADC,Succesive Approximation ADC and Dual Slope
ADC,DAC and ADC Specifications.
UNIT IV:
Digital Integrated Circuits: Classification of Integrated circuits, Comparison of various Logic Families, CMOS Transmission Gate,
IC interfacing- TTL driving CMOS & CMOS driving TTL. Combinational Logic ICs-Specifications and Applications of TTL-74XX &
CMOS 40XX Series ICs-Code Convertors, Decoders, Demultiplexers, LED & LCD Decoders with Drivers, Encoders ,Priority Encoders,
Multiplexers, Demultiplexers ,Priority Generators/Checkers, Parallel Binary Adder/ Subtractor, Magnitude Comparators.
UNIT V:
Sequential Logic ICs and Memories: Familiarities with commonly available 74XX & CMOS 40XX series ICs-All Types of Flip-flops,
Synchronous counters, Decade counter, shift registers.
Memories- ROM architecture, types of ROM & applications, RAM architecture, Static & Dynamic RAMs,
OUTCOMES: On completion of this course, the student will have:
A thorough understanding of operational amplifiers with linear integrated circuits.
Understanding of the different families of digital integrated circuits and their characteristics.
Also students will be able to design circuits using operational amplifiers for various applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Op-Amps & Linear ICs Ramakanth A. Gayakwad, PHI, 2003.
2. Linear Integrated Circuits D. Roy Chowdhury, New Age International (p) Ltd, 2nd Ed., 2003.
3. Digital Fundamentals Floyd and Jain, Pearson Education,8th Edition, 2005.
REFERENCES:
1. Op Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits- Concepts and Applications James M.Fiore, Cengage Learning/Jaico,2009.
2. Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits by K.LalKishore-Pearson,2009.
3. Linear Integrated Circuits and Applications Salivahana,TMH.
4. Modern Digital Electronics RP Jain 4/e TMH, 2010.
5. Digital Design Principles and Practices John.F.Wakerly 3/e, 2005.
6. Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits, 4/e William D.Stanley,Pearson Education India,2009.

MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES
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The principles of the medical imaging.
The physical principles, usages and limitations of each imaging modality.
The different imaging systems and their basic parts.
Which physical or physiological properties can be measured with each modality?
Biological effects of ionizing radiation.

UNIT I:
Fundamentals of X-ray: Electromagnetic Radiation, Interactions between X-rays and Matter, Intensity of an X-ray Beam,
Attenuation.
Generation and Detection of X-rays: X-ray Generation, Fillers, Beam Restrictors and Grids, Intensifying Screens, Fluorescent
Screens, X-ray detectors.
X-Ray Image Characteristics: Spatial Resolution, Image Noise, Image Contrast, Receiver Operating Curve (ROC), Image
Subtraction, Digital Radiography. X-ray diagnostic methods, Biological effects of Ionising radiation
UNIT II:
Tomography: Conventional Tomography, Longitudinal Section Tomography, Computed Tomography, Reconstruction
Techniques: Algebraic, Iterative reconstruction Techniques, Radon Transform and its applications. Back Projection, Filter Back
Projection Algorithms.
Radio Nuclide Imaging: Fundamentals of Radioactivity, Radioactive materials, Generation and Detection of Nuclear Emission,
Diagnostic Methods using Radiation Detectors. SPECT, PET, Biological effects
UNIT III:
Fundamentals of Acoustic Propagation: Reflection, Refraction, Attenuation, Absorption, Scattering, Non linearity Parameter and
Doppler Effect.
Transducer: Principle, Beam Characteristics, Axial and Lateral Resolution, Focusing arrays.
Image Characteristics: Ultrasonic Texture, Speckle reduction, Compensation of Phase Aberration, Tissue Characterization.
UNIT IV:
Ultrasonic Diagnostic Methods: Pulse-Echo Systems, Transmission Methods, Doppler Methods, Duplex Methods, Duplex
Imaging. Biological effects due to Ultrasound.
UNIT V:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Fundamentals of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Fourier Spectrum of the NMR Signal, Spin Density,
Relaxation Times, Pulse Sequences.
Generation and Detection of NMR signal: Magnetic field Gradients, The NMR Coil/ Probe, The Transmitter, and The Receiver.
Characteristics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Spatial Resolution, Image contrast.
Imaging Methods: Data Acquisition, Spin - Echo Imaging, Gradient Echo Imaging, Blood Flow Imaging, NMR Spectroscopy,
Sensitivity and Resolution, Imaging Safety. Biological Effects of Magnetic Fields.
OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, students should be able to:
Explain the mechanisms of radiation interaction with human body.
Explain the concepts of medical imaging, image quality (noise, contrast and resolution).
Explain X-ray machine, CT, Ultrasound and MRI Scanner.
Implement various algorithms for image reconstruction.
Compare different imaging techniques.
Explain the biological effects of ionizing radiation.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. K.Kirk Shung, Michael B. Smith, Benjamin Tsui. Principles of Medical Imaging.,Pub : Academic Press, 1992
2. Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Biomedical Image Analysis, CRC Press, Boca Raton,FL, 2005.
REFERENCE :
1. Avinash C. Kak, Principles of Computerised Tomographic Imaging. IEEE PRESS Explain the biological effects of ionizing
radiation.

BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT I
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Conduction system of heart, measurement of pH, pCO2, pO2
Biomedical equipment related to heart and brain
Different monitoring equipment

UNIT I:
Bio Amplifiers : General considerations for signal Conditioners , Pre-Amplifiers, Differential amplifier, Instrumentation Amplifier,
Carrier amplifier, Chopper amplifier, Isolation amplifier, Sources of Noise in Low Level Measurements.
UNIT II:
Electrocardiogram - Conduction System of Heart, ECG Lead Configurations, ECG Machine Block Diagram and Circuits, Artifacts
in ECG Recording, Multichannel ECG Machines, Vectorcardiograph, Frank Lead System and Phonocardiograph Origin,
Microphones, Amplifiers and Writing Methods.
Blood Flow Meters Electromagnetic, Ultrasonic and Laser Doppler Techniques.
UNIT III:
Arrhythmia Monitor, Exercise Stress Testing, Ambulatory Monitor Holter Data recording, data replay and Analysis, Bedside
Patient Monitoring System and Central Monitoring System Block Diagram, Fetal Monitors, Apnea Monitors.
UNIT IV:
E.E.G 10-20 Electrode Placement, EEG Machine, Normal and Abnormal Waveforms, Evoked Potentials and their recording,
E.M.G Machine Block Diagram and Circuits
UNIT V:
Oximetry, Ear Oximeter, Pulse Oximeter, Skin Reflectance Oximeter, Intravascular Oximeter.
Blood Gas Analyser measurement of pH, pCO2, pO2, Intra-arterial blood gas monitoring, A Complete Blood Gas Analyser.
Automated Chemical Analyser, Electrolyte Analysers, Cell Counter - Coulter.
OUTCOMES:
At the end of this course the student will have good understanding of measuring and monitoring equipment.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio Medical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2003
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, Wiley, 3rd Edition, 2013.
REFERENCES:
1. Joseph .J. Carr, John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson-2001.
2. Shakti Chatterjee and Aubert Miller, Biomedical Instrumentation, CENGAGE Learning, 2010.

ADVANCED COMMUNICATION SKILLS LAB
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Objectives:
This Lab focuses on using multi-media instruction for language development to meet the following targets:
To improve the students fluency in English, through a well-developed vocabulary
To enable them to listen to English spoken at normal conversational speed by educated English speakers and respond
appropriately in different socio-cultural and professional contexts
To help them communicate their ideas relevantly and coherently in writing
To prepare all the students for their placements

Syllabus: The Advanced communication Skills Laboratory
The following course content is prescribed for the Advanced Communication Skills Laboratory
Activities on Fundamentals of Inter-personal Communication - 3 Sessions
Building Vocabulary- 3 Sessions
Activities on Reading Comprehension - 3 Sessions
Activities on Writing Skills - 3 Sessions
Activities on Presentation Skills - 3 Sessions
Activities on Group Discussion - 3 Sessions
Interview Skills - 3 Sessions

Minimum Requirement:
The Advanced communication Skills Laboratory shall have the following infra-structural facilities to accommodate at least
35 students in the lab:
Spacious room with appropriate acoustics
Round Tables with movable chairs
Audio-visual aids
LCD Projector
Public Address System
P IV Processor, Hard Disk 80 GB, RAM 512 MB Minimum, Speed 2.8 GHZ
T.V, a digital stereo & Camcorder
Headphones of High Quality

Outcomes after completing the course, the students will be able to
Make use of vocabulary contextually.
To write reports, letters, projects etc., cohesively and coherently
Participate in GDs and face interviews effectively.

REFERENCES:
1. Technical Communication by Meenakshi Raman & Sangeeta Sharma, Oxford University Press 2009.
2. Business and Professional Communiction: Keys for Workplace Excellence. Kelly M. Quintanilla & Shawn T. Wahl. Sage
South Asia Edition. Sage Publications. 2011.
3. English Vocabulary in Use Series, Cambridge University Press 2008.
4. Communication Skills by Leena Sen, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2009.
5. A Course Book of Advanced Communication Skills Lab published by University Press, Hyderabad.

PULSE CIRCUITS AND IC APPLICATIONS LAB
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Minimum 12 experiments to be conducted:
(choosing at least four from part-I and eight from part-II)
Part I
1.
Linear wave and Non-linear shaping

a. RC low pass circuit for different time constants
b. Transfer characteristics and response of clippers and clampers
2.
Switching characteristics of a transistor
3.
UJT relaxation oscillator
4.
The output voltage waveform of boot strap and miller sweep circuit
5.
Study of logic gates
6.
Response of unidirectional gate and bidirectional gate using transistors
Part II
Linear and Digital IC experiments
1. OP AMP applications adder, subtractor, comparators.
2. Integrator and differentiator circuits using IC 741
3. Active filter applications-LPF,HPF(first order)
4. IC 741 waveform generators sine, square wave and triangular waves
5. IC 555 timer Monostable and Astable multivibrator circuits
6. Voltage regulator using IC 723,three terminal voltage regulators-7805,7809,7912
7. 4-bit comparator using 7485
8. 8*1 multiplexer using 74151 and 2*4 demultiplexer using 74155
9. D,JK flip flops using 7474,7483
10. a. Decade counter using 7490
b. UP/DOWN counter using 74163
11. Universal shift registers using 74194/195
Equipment required for laboratory:

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
regulated power supply- 0-30V

CRO- 0-20 Mhz/40Mhz/60Mhz oscilloscope
Function generators- 0-1Mhz (sine, square, triangular and TTL)
Components
Multi meters/voltmeter.
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ADVANCED TECHNICAL SKILLS LAB
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OBJECTIVES:
To understand the Object Oriented Programming concepts in C++ & JAVA
To understand the Database concepts and writing SQL queries.
To understand the leading technologies in the industry

Week-1
Introduction to Object Oriented Programming Concepts : Encapsulation, Polymorphism, Dynamic Binding and Inheritance.
Introduction to Classes, Objects and implementing programs using C++
a) Program for item class and objects.
b) Program for complex number.
Week-2
Working with static members, overloading
a) Program for static members.
b) Program for overloading concept using suitable example.
c) Program to implement the friend function using complex number example.
d) Program to implement the operator overloading using complex number.
Week-3: Working with Inheritance
Write a program to implement types of inheritance in C++.
Week-4:
Working with Virtual Class & Virtual Functions in C++,Program using virtual class & virtual functions.
Week-5:
Introduction to Java Language, Discussion on OOP features in JAVA.
Week -6
Implement Inheritance in JAVA. Introduction to Access specifiers & Packages
Week 7
Implement Overloading & Overriding, Exception Handling in JAVA
Week-8
Understand the basic database concepts, Designing of System using Entity Relationship model.
Week-9
Introduction to Relational model and introduction to SQL Commands in DDL.
Week-10:
SQL Commands in DML.
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES:
Week-11
Introduction to Cloud Computing, Introduction to platform as a service, Deploy cloud application.
Week-12
Introduction to Social Networking, Big Data and Big Data Technologies.
Week-13
Introduction to Mobile Technologies, Introduction to Android Operating System, Developing basic application on Android.
OUTCOMES:
The course objective ensures the development of students learning OOPs concepts and implementing the same in C++ and
JAVA
Able to design and develop database for given problem.
Able to gain knowledge on industry ready technologies Big Data, Mobile App Development
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Rational Application Developer V7 Programming Guide - IBM, Red Book Edition, IBM Redbooks publication
2. DB2 9.7 for Linux, UNIX, and Windows Database - Roger E. Sanders, 9.7 Special Edition, MC Press, LLC
3. Real-Time Big Data Analytics: Emerging Architecture by Mike Barlow, OReilley Publisher.
REFERENCES:
1. Disruptive Possibilities: How Big Data Changes Everything by Jeffrey Needham, OReilley Publisher.
2. Web Technologies, Uttam K Roy, Oxford University Press

DISASTER MANAGEMENT
(Open Elective)
III Year B.Tech. BME II-Semester
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OBJECTIVES:
To critically analyze the scientific reasons for hazards and disasters and draw up action plans for their mitigation and
management.
Unit I:
Environmental Hazards & Disasters: Meaning of Environmental Hazards, Environmental Disasters and Environmental Stress.
Concept of Environmental Hazards, Environmental Disasters. Different approaches & relation with human Ecology Landscape
Approach Ecosystem Approach Perception Approach Human ecology & its application in Geographical researches.
Unit II:
Types of environmental hazards and Disasters: Natural Hazards and Disasters Man induced hazards and disasters Natural
hazards Planetary Hazards/ Disasters Extra Planetary Hazards / Disasters Planetary Hazards Endogenous Hazards
Exogenous Hazards
Unit III:
Endogenous Hazards Volcanic Eruption Earthquakes Landslides Volcanic Hazards / Disasters Causes and distribution of
Volcanoes Hazards Effects of Volcanic Eruptions Environmental Impacts of Volcanic eruptions Earthquake Hazards / Disasters
Causes of Earthquakes Distribution of Earthquakes Hazardous effects of Earthquakes Earthquake Hazards in India Human
adjustment , Perception & Mitigation of Earthquake.
Unit IV:
Exogenous hazards/disasters-in frequent events-cumulative atmospheric hazards/disasters
In frequent events: cyclones-lighting-hailstorms.
Cyclones: Tropical cyclones and local storms-destruction by tropical cyclones and local storms (causes, distribution human
adjustment, perception and litigation)cumulative atmospheric hazards /disasters: floods-droughts-cold waves-heat waves
floods: causes of floods-flood hazards India- flood control measures(human adjustment perception and mitigation)
Droughts: impacts of droughts droughts hazards in India-drought control measures-extra planetary hazards/disasters soil
erosion.
Soil erosion: mechanics and forms of soil erosion factors and causes of soil erosion-conservation measures of soil erosion
Chemical hazards/disasters: release of toxic chemicals, nuclear explosion-sedimentation processes.
Sedimentation processes: global sedimentation problems-reasonably sedimentation problems-sedimentation and environmental
problems corrective measures of erosion and sedimentation Biological hazards /disasters: population explosion.
Unit-V:
Emerging approaches in Disaster Management-Three stages
a)
b)
c)
Pre disaster stage (Preparedness)

Emergency stage
Post Disaster stage-Rehabilitation
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
Evaluate the environment hazards and disasters, manmade hazards and their management w.r.t human ecology and
the geographical researches.
Understand the endogenous hazards and disasters caused due to earth quakes and their mitigation.
Critically evaluate the scientific reasons for exogenous hazards and disasters caused due to atmospheric and manmade
changes (Cyclones, Droughts, Soil erosion, Sedimentation etc.) and the plan of action to mitigate the losses and
rehabilitation.
Acquaint and drafting of mitigation plans during different stages viz. the preparedness for anticipated disasters, action
during disaster time and after the occurrence of disasters.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Disaster Mitigation: Experience And Reflections by Pradeep Sahni.
2. Natural Hazards and Disasters by Donald Hyndman and David Hyndman Cengage Learning.
REFERENCES:
1. R.B.Singh (Ed) Environmental Geography ,Heritage Publishers New Delhi
2. Savinder Singh Environmental Geography,PrayagPustkBhavan.
3. Kates, B.I and White ,G.F The Environmental as Hazards ,Oxford, New York
4. R .B .Singh (Ed) Disaster Manage , Rawat publication, New Delhi
5. H.k Gupta (Ed) Disaster Management, Universities Press, India
6. R.B .Singh space Technology for Disaster mitigation in India (INCED), University of Tokyo.
7. Dr.Satender, Disaster Management t in Hills, concept publishing Co., New Delhi
8. A.S. Arya Action Plan For Earth Quake, Disaster ,Mitigation in V. K. Shara (Ed)
9. Disaster Management IIPA Publication New Delhi.
10. R.K. Bhandari, An Overview on Natural and Manmade Disaster and their Reduction CSIR, New Delhi.
11. M.C. Gupta Manuals on Natural Disaster management in India ,National Centre for Disaster Management ,IIPA, New
Delhi,2001

HUMAN VALUES AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
(Open Elective)
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Objectives:
To help the students to have emotional intelligence to know thyself about emotions and self management which help
them to lead a comfortable life and way to happiness. to ensure sustained happiness and prosperity which are the core
aspirations of all human beings.
To facilitate the development of a Holistic perspective among students towards life, relationships, profession and
happiness, based on a correct understanding of the Human reality with respect to the social awareness. ..
To highlight plausible implications of such a Holistic understanding in terms of ethical human conduct, trustful and
mutually satisfying human behaviour and mutually enriching interaction with Nature.
Unit I:
Emotional intelligence: self awareness and self regulations: emotional self-awareness, accurate self-assessment, Selfconfidence, Self-Management: Self-control, self motivation, transparency, adaptability, achievement orientation, Initiative
Understanding the need, basic guidelines, content and process for value Education. Self Exploration what is it? its content
and process; Natural Acceptance and Experiential Validation as the mechanism for self exploration. Cognition skills, decision
making. Thinking skills, various types of thinking skills(vertical thinking and lateral thinking skills).
Unit II:
Social awareness: empathy, organisational awareness, service orientation, Understanding Harmony in the Human Being
Harmony in Myself: understanding human being as a co-existence of the sentient I and the material Body. Understanding
the needs of Self (I) and Body Sukh and suvidha. Understanding the harmony of I with the Body: Sanyam and Swasthya;
correct appraisal of Physical needs, meaning of prosperity in detail. Programs to ensure sanyam and Swasthya.
Unit III:
Relationship management: visionary leadership, developing others, influence, change catalyst, conflict management, building
bonds, Teamwork and collaboration. Understanding Harmony in the Family and Society Harmony in Human Human
Relationship: Understanding harmony in the Family the basic unit of human interaction. Understanding values in human
human relationship: meaning of Nyaya and program for its fulfillment to ensure Ubhay tripti; Trust (Vishwas) and Respect
(samman) as the foundational values of relationship.
Unit IV:
Human Rights- Jurisprudence of human rights nature and definition, Universal protection of human rights, Regional protection
of human rights, National level protection of human rights, Human rights and vulnerable groups.
Unit V:
Implications of Holistic Understanding of Harmony on Professional Ethics: Natural acceptance of human values.
Definitiveness of Ethical Human conduct. Basis for Humanistic Education, Humanistic constitution and Humanistic Universal
Order. Competence in professional ethics:
a) Ability to utilize the professional competence for augmenting universal human order,
b) Ability to identify the scope and characteristics of people-friendly and eco-friendly production systems,
c) Ability to identify and develop appropriate technologies and management patterns for above production systems.
Case studies of typical holistic technologies, management models and production systems. Strategy for transition from the
present state to universal Human order:
a) As the level of individual: as socially and ecologically responsible engineers, technologists and mangers
b) At the level of society: as mutually enriching institutions and organizations
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R R Gaur, R Sangal, G P Bagaria, 2009, A Foundation Course in Human Values and Professional Ethics.
2. Prof. KV Subba Raju, 2013, Success Secrets for Engineering Students, Smart Student Publications, 3rd edition
3. Emotional intelligence: Daniel Goleman.
REFERENCES:
1. E.F. Schumacher, 1973, Small is Beautiful: a study of economics as if people mattered, Blond & Briggs, Britain.
2. A Nagaraj, 1988, Jeevan Vidya ek Parichay, Divya path sansthan, Amarkantak.
3. Sussan George, 1976, How the other Half Dies, Penguin Press Reprinted 1986, 1991.
4. PL Dhar, RR Gaur, 1990, Science and Humanism, Commonwealth publishers.
5. A.N. Tripathy, 2003, Human values, New age International Publishers.
6. Subhas Palekar, 2000, How to practice Natural Farming, Pracheen (Vaidik) krishi Tantra Shodh, Amravati.
7. Donella H. Meadows, Dennis L. Meado2ws, Jorgen Randers, Willam @W. Behrens III, 1972, Limits to Growth club of
Romes report universe Books.
8. E G Seebauer & Robert L. Berry, 2000, Fundamentals of Ehics for Scientists & Engineers, Oxford University Press.
9. M Govindrajran, S Natrajan & V. S. Senthil Kumar, Engineering Ethics (including Human values), EAStern Economy Edition,
prentice Hall of India Ltd.
10. Ivan lllich, 1974, Energy & Equity, The Trinity Press, Worcester and HarperCollins, USA
Relevant CDS, Movies, Documents & other Literature:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Value Education website, http://www. Uptu.ac.in

Storyof Stuff, http://www. Storyofstuff.com
Al Gore, An Inconvenient Truth, Paramount Classics, USA
Charlie Chaplin, Modern Times, United Artists, USA
IIT Delhi, rn Technology the Untold Story.

JAVA PROGRAMMING
(Open Elective)
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OBJECTIVES:
To understand object oriented programming concepts and applications in problem solving.
Learn the Java programming language: its syntax, idioms, patterns, and styles.
Become comfortable with object oriented programming: Learn to think in objects.
Learn the essentials of the Java class library, and learn how to learn about other parts of the
library when you need them.
To learn the basics of java console and GUI based programs.
Introduce event driven Graphical User Interface (GUI) programming.

Unit I:
Java Programming: History of java, comments, data types, variables, constants, scope and life time of variables, operators,
hierarchy expressions, type conversions and casting, enumerated types, control for block scope, conditional statements, loops,
break and continue statements, simple java stand alone programs, arrays, console input and output, formatting output,
constructors, methods, parameter passing, static fields and methods, access controls, his reference, overloading methods and
constructors, recursions, garbage collections, building strings, exploring strings class.
Unit II:
Inheritance: Inheritance hierarchies super and sub classes, member access rules, super keyword, and preventing inheritance:
final classes and methods, the object class and its methods.
Polymorphism: dynamic binding, method overloading, abstract classes and methods. Interface: interface vs. Abstract classes,
defining an interface, implementing interfaces, accessing implementations through interfaces references, extending interface.
Inner classes- use of inner classes, local inner classes, anonymous inner classes, static inner classes, example.
Packages: Defining, creating and accessing a package, understanding CLASSPATH, importing packages
Unit III:
Exception Handling: Dealing with errors, benefits of exception handling, the classification of exceptions, exception hierarchy,
checked exceptions and unchecked exception, usage of try , catch, throw, throws, and finally, re-throwing exceptions, exception
specification, built in exceptions, creating own exception sub classes.
Multithreading- difference between multiple processes and multiple threads, thread states, creating threads, interrupting
threads, thread priorities, synchronizing threads, inter-thread communication, producer consumer pattern.
Unit IV:
Collection Framework in Java: Introduction to java collections, overview of java collection frame work, Generics, Commonly used
Collection classes-Array List, vector, Hash table, Stack, Enumeration, Iterator, String Tokenizer, Random, Scanner, calendar and
Properties. Files: Streams-byte streams, character streams, text input/output , binary input/output, random access file
operations, file management using File class.
Connecting to Database: JDBC type 1 to 4 drivers, connecting to a database, querying a database and processing the results,
updating data with JDBC.
Unit V:
GUI Programming with Java: The AWT class hierarchy, introduction to Swing, Swing vs. AWT, Hierarchy for Swing components,
Containers-JFrame, JApplet, JDialog, JPanel, Overview of some swing components, JButton, JLabel, JTextField, JTextArea, simple
Swing applications, Layout management- Layout manager types- border grid and flow.
Event Handling: Events, Event sources, Event classes, Event Listeners, Relationship between Event sources and Listeners,
Delegation event model, examples: handling a button click, handling mouse events, Adapter classes.
Applets: Inheritance hierarchy for applets, differences between applets and applications, life cycle of an Applet, is passing
parameters to applets, applet security issues.
OUTCOMES:
Understanding of OOP concepts and basics of java programming (Console and GUI Based)
Understand the format and use of objects.
Understand basic input/output methods and their use.
The skills to apply OOP and java Programming in problem solving.
Should have the ability to extend his/her knowledge of java programming future on his/her own.
Understand object inheritance and its use.
Understand development of JAVA applets vs. JAVA applications.
Understand the use of various system libraries.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Java Fundamentals- A Comprehensive introduction, Herbert schildtand Dale skrien, TMH.
References:
1. Java for programming, P.J.Dietel Pearson education (OR) Java: How to Program P.J.Dietel and H.M.Dietel, PHI
2. Object Oriented Programming through java, P.Radha Krishna, Universities Press.
3. Thinking in Java, Bruce Eckel, Pearson Education
4. Programming in Java, S.Malhotra and S.Choudhary, Oxford University Press.

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
(Open Elective)
III Year B.Tech. BME II- Semester
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UNIT I
Introduction to the different legal protective systems for intellectual property rights, introduction to International treaties
outlining the main provisions.
UNIT II
Trade marks: Study of the basic aspects of trademark law: purpose and nature of trademark rights, marks eligible for registration,
distinctiveness, deceptive similarity, scope of protection, registration procedures, well-known marks, trademark infringement
and remedies.
UNIT III
Law of Copy rights: Study of the basic features and selected topics of copyright law: copyright subject matter, requirements for
copyright protection, copyright infringement and remedies, fair use, moral rights, ownership of copyright.
UNIT IV
Law of Patents: Study of the Patent system, including patentable subject matter, patentability requirements, scope of protection,
patent prosecution, rights of a patentee, patent infringement, exceptions to patent infringement and the remedies for patent
infringement.
UNIT V
Study of the basic features of Industrial design law, trade secrets and unfair competition.
International overview on intellectual property; international trademark, copyright and patent laws.
TEXT BOOKS & REFERENCES:
1. Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks and Allied Rights, William Cornish & David Llewelyn, Sweet &
Maxwell.
2. Intellectual Property Law, B. L. Wadhera, Universal Publishers.
3. Intellectual Property Right Unleashing Knowledge Economy, Prabuddha Ganguli, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company
Ltd.

INNOVATION AND NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
(Open Elective)
III Year B.Tech. BME II Semester
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Course Objective
Mention the word innovation to two people in the same organization and what are the chances they would give you the same
definition?
This course helps the student in getting clarity on what Innovation actually means, it's types and how to manage it effectively
through a structured process.
Unit I
Introduction to New Product Development (NPD): Creativity, Innovation and Invention - differences; Creativity types; Innovation
types - Jugaad Innovation, Social Innovation, Sustaining Innovation, Disruptive Innovation, Open Innovation;
Innovation Management: Causes of failure in NPD; Structured process of innovation; Stage-GateTM process of Innovation - 5
stages and 4 gates model - Opportunity Identification stage, Concept generation stage, Concept Evaluation stage, Development
stage and Commercialization stage;
Unit II
Fuzzy front-end of Innovation: Opportunity Identification - Internal and External sources - Market Opportunity Analysis (MOA);
Concept Generation - Brain Storming, Problem Analysis, Scenario Analysis, Convergent and Divergent Thinking;
Assignment I
Generate 100 ideas by identifying opportunities in DrBVRIT campus and neighboring villages using various concept generation
techniques;
Unit III
Product Design: Usability and User experience design; Product Architecture; Industrial Design; Design for Manufacturing;
Concept Evaluation: Estimating revenues for the innovation using Sales Forecasting ATAR model, Concept Testing;
Unit IV
Project Management - Triple Constraint, Work Breakdown Structure, Gantt chart and Risk Management; Typical metrics used in
NPD;
Unit V
Development and Launch: Manufacturing planning for pilot production; Sales & Service planning
Assignment II
Evaluate each of the 100 ideas identified and finalize a list of TOP 3 ideas for actual development;
REFERENCES:
1. New Products Management: Anthony Di Benedetto and Merle Crawford; Tata McGraw Hill
2. Innovators Dilemma: Clayton Christensen; Harper Collins
3. Product Design & Development: Karl T Ulrich, Steven D Eppinger and Anita Goyal; Tata McGraw Hill
4. List of web sites suggested to enrich student's learning on NPD:
a. http://www.pdma.org
b. http://www.ennovient.com (Read FREE online courses on Creativity and Innovation)

MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
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Objectives
To make the engineers familiar with
Concepts of economics in business decisions
Understand the techniques of capital budgeting ,
Understand the financial statements

and
be able to analyze the financial statements.

Unit I Introduction and Demand Analysis
Definition, Nature and Scope of Managerial Economics Demand Analysis: Demand Determinants, Law of Demand and
its exceptions. Elasticity of Demand- :Definition, Types, Measurement and Significance of Elasticity of Demand. Demand
Forecasting: Factors governing demand forecasting, methods of demand forecasting
(survey methods, statistical
methods, expert opinion method, test marketing, controlled experiments, judgmental approach to demand forecasting)
Unit II Theory of Production and Cost Analysis :

Production Function- Isoquants and Isocosts, MRTS, Least Cost Combination of Inputs,Laws of Returns, Internal and External
Economies of Scale.
Cost Analysis: Cost concepts, Opportunity cost, Fixed vs. Variable costs, Explicit costs Vs. Implicit costs, Out of pocket costs vs.
Imputed costs. Break-even Analysis (BEA)-Determination of Break-Even Point(simple problems)- Managerial Significance
and limitations of BEA.
Unit III Pricing

Types of Markets- Features of perfect, Monopoly and Monopolistic Markets - Pricing objectives- Methods of Pricing - Cost Plus
Pricing, Marginal Cost Pricing, Sealed Bid Pricing, Going Rate Pricing, Limit Pricing, Market Skimming Pricing, Penetration Pricing,
Two-Part Pricing, Block Pricing, Bundling Pricing, Peak Load Pricing, Cross Subsidization.
Unit IV Capital Budgeting
:
Nature and scope of capital budgeting, features of capital budgeting , proposals, Methods of Capital Budgeting: Payback
Method, Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) and Net Present Value Method (simple problems)
Unit V Accounting for Engineers:

Accounting Concepts and Conventions- Introduction to IFRS- Double entry book keeping Journal-Ledger Trial Balance- Final
Accounts Structure of Profit and Loss Account - Balance Sheet (Simple problems, No adjustment entries), Financial ratios Computation, Analysis and Interpretation of : Liquidity Ratios , Activity Ratios (Inventory turnover ratio and Debtor
Turnover ratio), Capital structure Ratios and Profitability ratios
OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course, the student should be able to
Understand the importance of economics in business
Understand the behavior of cost
Understand the break even point of a business
Understand the need and techniques of capital budgeting
Understand the structure and analysis of financial statements.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Domnick Salvatore: Managerial Economics In a Global Economy, 4th Edition, Thomson
2. Aryasri: Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis, 2/e, TMH, 2005.
REFERENCES:
1. Ambrish Gupta, Financial Accounting for Management, Pearson Education, New Delhi.
2. Suma Damodaran, Managerial Economics, Oxford University Press.
3. Narayanaswamy: Financial AccountingA Managerial Perspective, PHI.
4. Raghunatha Reddy & Narasimhachary: Managerial Economics& Financial Analysis, Scitech.
5. S.N.Maheswari & S.K. Maheswari, Financial Accounting, Vikas.

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
III Year B.Tech. BME II Semester
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OBJECTIVES:
To deal with applications, organization, architecture and design of microprocessors systems
To implement interfacing from a microprocessors based system to peripheral devices
To become familiar with basic microcontrollers

UNIT I: 8086 ARCHITECTURE
Introduction to 8085 Microprocessor, 8086 architecture, Functional Diagram, Register Organization, memory segmentation,
programming model. Memory addresses, Physical memory organization., signal descriptions of 8086- common function signals.
Minimum mode maximum mode signals. Timing diagrams, Interrupts of 8086.
UNIT II: INSTRUCTION SET AND ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMMING OF 8086.
Instruction formats, addressing modes, instruction set, assembler directives, macros, simple programs involving logical, branch
and call instructions, sorting, evaluation arithmetic expressions, string manipulations
UNIT III: MEMORY AND I/OINTERFACE
Memory interfacing to 8086,8255 PPI, Various modes of operations and interfacing to 8086, Interfacing keyboard, display, stepper
motor interfacing, A/D, D/A Converter Interfacing. ADVANCED DEVICES AND COMMUNICATION INTERFACE Interrupt structure
of 8086, Vector Interrupt table, Interrupt service routine. Introduction to DOS and BIOS interrupts, Interfacing Interrupt controller
8259, DMA controller 8257 to 8086, Serial Communication Standards, serial data transfer schemes, 8251 architecture and
interfacing ,RS-232, IEEE-488, Prototyping and Trouble shooting.
UNIT IV: INTRODUCTION TO MICRO CONTROLLERS
Overview of 8051 Micro Controller, Architecture, I/O ports and Memory Organization, Addressing modes and Instruction set of
8051, Simple Programs.
UNIT V: 8051 REAL TIME CONTROL INTERRUPTS
Timer/Counter and Serial Communication, Programming the Timer Interrupts, the external H/W interrupts, the serial
communication interrupts, Interrupt Priority in the 8051, Programming 8051 Timers/Counters
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Microprocessors and Interfacing, Douglas V Hall, Tata McGraw-Hill,2/e 2006
2. Advanced Microprocessors and Peripherals, the McGraw Hill
3. Kenneth J Ayala, "The 8051 Microcontroller" Cengage Learning,3/e 2010
4. Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming, Interfacing and System Design - Raj Kamal,
Pearson Education, 2005.
OUTCOMES: Upon successful completion of this course:
The student will learn the internal organization of 8086 microprocessors
The students get the knowledge of the 8086 instruction set and ability to utilize it in programming.
The students are able to interface various devices to the microprocessor.
The students will understand the basic microcontroller system

REFERENCES:
The 8051 Microcontrollers Architecture and Programming and Applications by K.Uma Rao Andhe Pallavi Pearson 2009
Microcomputer Systems: The 8086/8088 Family: Architecture, Programming and Design,2/e Liu & Gibson PHI
Microcontrollers and Applications by Ajay V.Deshmukh,Tata McGraw-Hill 2005
Microprocessing and Interfacing by Ramesh Goenkar
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems - Mazidi and Mazidi, PHI, 2000.

MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING
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the fundamental concepts of a digital image processing system
Image Enhancement, Restoration, Compression
Processing of Medical Images

UNIT I:
Digital Image fundamentals: Digital Image Processing System, Applications, Digitization of an image Spatial and Intensity
Quantization, Quality of an Image Spatial resolution, Brightness Representation, Noise Content, Color Images
Image transforms: Unitary, 1D-DFT, 2D-DFT, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Sine Transform (DST)
UNIT II:
Image Enhancement: Spatial domain, frequency domain methods, Histogram equalization, Mask Processing: Image Smoothing,
Image sharpening (filters).
Image Segmentation Masks Point detection Line Detection Edge Detection.
UNIT III:
Image Restoration Model of the image Degradation Process, Restoration in the presence of noise only spatial filtering, periodic
Noise reduction by Frequency Domain Filtering, Inverse Filtering, Minimum Mean Square Error(Weiner) Filtering, Least Squares
Filtering.
UNIT IV:
Image Compression Fundamentals, Image compression Models, Error-free Compression, Lossy Compression, Image
Compression Standards.
UNIT V:
Processing of Medical Images Processing and Feature Extraction of CT, MRI, Ultrasound and PET Images.
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course students who shall be able to:
Explain the fundamental concepts of a digital image processing system.
Analyze images in spatial and frequency domain.
Design and implement algorithms for digital image processing with the Signal and Image Processing Toolboxes.
Apply image processing to Medical Images.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Geoff Dougherty, Digital Image Processing for medical Applications. Cambridge University Press, 2007.
2. Kayvan Najarian and Robert Splinter, Biomedical Signal and Image Processing, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis, 2006.
3. Digital Image Processing by R.C. Gonzalez & R.E. Woods, Addison Wesley.
REFERENCES:
1. Pattern Recognition Principles J.T.Tou. R.C. Gonzalez, Addison Wesley.
2. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing by A.K. Jain, PHI Pearson Education

BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT-II
L
OBJECTIVE: To make the student understand various types therapeutic instruments and their principle of operation.
Unit I:
Pacemaker: Synchronous and Asynchronous, External and Internal, Demand and Fixed type Pacemaker, Programmable
Pacemakers, Rate Responsive Pacemaker, Leads and Electrodes, Packing and Power Sources.
Defibrillators: AC and DC, Automatic External, Implantable Defibrillators, Cardioverter, Electrodes for Defibrillator, Defibrillator
Analyzer.
UNIT II:
Dialysis Machines: Dialyzer Parallel Flow, Coil, Hollow Fiber, Membranes for Haemo Dialysis, HaemoDialysis Machine
Electronic Control and Monitoring Systems, Portable Kidney Machines.
Heart Lung machine: Governing Principle, Qualitative Requirements, Bypass Circuits Functional details of types of blood
oxygenerators.
Intra Aortic Balloon Pump - Principle and Application.
UNIT III:
Critical Care Equipment: Surgical Diathermy Principle, Machine, Safety Aspects.
Anesthesia Machine Need, Gas Supply, Vapour Delivery, Humidifier Systems.
Ventilators: Artificial Ventilation, Terms, Classification, High Frequency Ventilators. Neubilisers
UNIT IV:
Physiotherapy Equipment:Shortwave Diathermy, Microwave Diathermy, Ultrasonic Diathermy, Electrodiagnosis and
Electrotheraphy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation,
Stimulators - Spinal, Phrenic Nerve, Bladder, Cerebellar.
Unit V:
Audiometer Pure Tone, Speech, Bekesy, Evoked Response.
Infusion Pumps: Components. Implantable Infusion systems, Drop rate counter, Programmable Volumetric and Microprocessor
based Infusion Pumps.
OUTCOMES: At the end of this course the learner will have good understanding of different therapeutic Equipment.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R. S. Khandpur, Handbook of Bio Medical Instrumentation, Tata McGraw Hill, 2nd Edition, 2003
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, Wiley, 3rd Edition, 2013.
REFERENCES:
1. S. Ananthi, A Textbook of Medical Instruments, A New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, 2006.
2. Joseph .J. Carr, John M. Brown, Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology, Pearson-2001.
3. Shakti Chatterjee and Aubert Miller, Biomedical Instrumentation, CENGAGE Learning, 2010.

BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
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The fundamental concepts of a basic signal processing.
The key components of a biomedical signal processing
Analysis tools for biological signals.
The various biological phenomena

UNIT I:
Discrete and continuous Random variables: Probability distribution and density functions. Gaussian and Rayleigh density functions,
Correlation between random variables, Stationary random process, Ergodicity, Power spectral density and autocorrelation function
of random processes. Noise power spectral density analysis, Noise bandwidth, Noise figure of systems.
UNIT II:
Data Compression Techniques: Lossy and Lossless data reduction Algorithms. ECG data compression using Turning point, AZTEC,
CORTES, Huffman coding, vector quantization, DCT and the K L transform. Cardiological Signal Processing: Pre-processing. QRS
Detection Methods. Rhythm analysis. Arrhythmia detection Algorithms. Automated ECG Analysis. ECG Pattern Recognition. Heart
rate variability analysis.
UNIT III:
Adaptive Noise Canceling: Principles of Adaptive Noise Canceling. Adaptive Noise Canceling with the LMS adaptation Algorithm.
Noise Canceling Method to Enhance ECG Monitoring. Fetal ECG Monitoring.
UNIT IV:
Signal Averaging, polishingmean and trend removal, linear prediction. Yulewalker(YW) equations. Their applications in ECG
and EEG.
UNIT V:
Neurological Signal Processing: Modeling of EEG Signals. Detection of spikes and spindles Detection of Alpha, Beta and Gamma
Waves. Auto Regressive (A.R.) modeling of seizure EEG. Sleep Stage analysis. Inverse Filtering. Least squares and polynomial
modeling. Original Pronys Method. Pronys Method based on the Least Squares Estimate. Analysis of Evoked Potentials and PCG.
OUTCOMES: By the end of this course, students should be able to:
Explain the basic signal processing techniques.
Develop basic mathematical, scientic and computational skills necessary to analyze biomedical signals.
Formulate problems in biomedical signals
Design analysis tools for biological signals
Explain the complexity of biological signals and the impact, promise of biomedical engineering in understanding these
signals.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Rangaraj M. Rangayyan Biomedical Signal Analysis. IEEE Press, 2001.
2. D.C.Reddy, Biomedical Signal Processing- principles and techniques, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2005.
3. Biomedical Digital Signal Processing, Willis J.Tompkins, PHI,
REFERENCES:
1. Weitkunat R, Digital Bio signal Processing, Elsevier, 1991.
2. Akay M , Biomedical Signal Processing, Academic: Press 1994
3. Cohen.A, Biomedical Signal Processing -Vol. I Time & Frequency Analysis, CRC Press, 1986.

BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT LAB
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OBJECTIVE:
To make the student understand the operation and maintenance of biomedical equipment.
List of experiments:
1.
ECG Recorder and Monitor
2.
EEG Monitor
3.
EMG
4.
Pace Maker
5.
DC Defibrillator
6.
Short Wave Diathermy Unit
7.
Ultrasound Diathermy Unit
8.
Audiometer
9.
Digital Spirometer (PFT)
10. Electro surgical generators.

Equipment required:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
ECG simulator, amplifier, Monitor

EEG simulator, amplifier
EMG simulator, amplifier.
Arrhythmia simulator, Pace Maker
Arrhythmia simulator, DC Defibrillator
Short Wave Diathermy
Ultrasound Diathermy
Audiometer
Digital spirometer (PFT)
Electro surgical generators.
C.R.O
Digital storage C.R.O
Multimeter
OUTCOME: At the end of the course the student will be able to operate and maintain biomedical equipment.
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MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLER LAB
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Minimum Twelve experiments to be conducted.

1.
The following programs/experiments are to be written for assembler and execute the same with 8086 and 8051 kits.
2.
Programs for 16 bit arithmetic operations for 8086 (using various addressing modes).
3.
Program for sorting an array for 8086.
4.
Program for searching for a number or character in a string for 8086. 3. Program for string manipulations for 8086.
5.
Program for digital clock design using 8086.
6.
Interfacing ADC and DAC to 8086.
7.
Parallel communication between two microprocessors using 8255.
8.
Serial communication between two microprocessor kits using 8251.
9.
Interfacing to 8086 and programming to control stepper motor.
10. Programming using arithmetic, logical and bit manipulation instruction of 8051.
11. Program and verify Timer/Counter in 8051.
12. Program and verify interrupt handling in 8051.
13. UART operation in 8051.
14. Communication between 8051 kit and PC.
15. Interfacing LCD to 8051.
16. Interfacing Matrix/keyboard to 8051.
17. Data transfer from Peripheral to Memory through DMA controller 8237/8257.

APTITUDE AND REASONING SKILLS LAB
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OBJECTIVES: After thorough learning of Aptitude and Reasoning, a student
Will improve the analytical and logical reasoning skills.
Will be able to demonstrate various principles involved in solving mathematical problems and thereby reducing the
time taken for performing job functions.
Syllabus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Number System and Logarithms

Percentage, Profit and Loss
Simple and Compound Interest
Speed, Time and Distance -Train problems-Boat problems
Time and Work
Averages
Ratio and Proportion
Progressions
Inequalities
Permutation and Combination
Mixtures and Allegations
Menstruation and Geometry
Clocks and Calendars
Data interpretation: Bar Chart, Pie Chart, Line Chart ,X-Y Chart,
Puzzles and Logical questions
OUTCOMES: It would enhance the problem-solving ability of the students with focusing on basic concepts of arithmetic,
algebra and geometry and data analysis.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Quantitative aptitude by Dr. R.S Aggarwal, S.Chand & Company
2. Practice books on quicker maths by M Tyra & K Kundan, BSC publishing Co.Pvt.Ltd.
REFERENCE:
1. Internet sources

COMPUTER NETWORKS
IV Year B.Tech. BME I-Semester
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OBJECTIVES:
Learn basic Network design problems and understand computer network architecture
Learn simple Local Area Networks, Metropolitan Area Networks and Wide Area Networks
Study the basic Flow Control and Error Control Protocols
Study the standard Ethernet LAN Technologies
Study the basic Network Routing, Control and Transport Protocols

Unit I:
Introduction: Data Communications, Networks, The Internet, Protocols and standards
Network Models: Layered Tasks, The OSI Model, Layers in the OSI Model, TCP/IP Protocol Suite, Addressing
Physical Layer : Guided transmission media, wireless transmission media.
Data Link Layer: design issues, CRC Codes, Elementary Data Link Layer Protocols, sliding window protocol
Unit II:
Multiple Access Protocols: ALOHA, CSMA, collision free protocols, Ethernet- physical layer, Ethernet Mac sub layer, Data
link layer switching and use of bridges, learning of bridges, spanning tree bridges, repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches,
routers and gateways
Unit III:
Network Layer: Network layer Design issues, store and forward packet switching connection less and connection oriented
networks routing algorithms- optimality principle, shortest path, flooding, distance vector routing, count to infinity problem,
hierarchical routing, congestion control algorithms, admission control.
Unit IV:
Interworking: Tunneling, Internetwork Routing, Packet fragmentation, IPV4, IPV6 protocol, IP addresses, CIDR, ICMP, ARP,
RARP, DHCP
Transport Layer: Services provided to the upper layer elements of transport protocol- addressing connection establishment,
connection release, Crash recovery
Unit V:
The Internet Transport Protocols UDP- RPC, Real time transport protocols
The Internet Transport Protocols- Introduction to TCP, The TCP service Model, The TCP segment Header, Connection
Establishment, TCP Connection Release, The TCP Connection Management Modelling, The TCP Sliding Window, The TCP
Congestion Control, The future of TCP.
Application Layer: Introduction, providing services, application layer paradigms, client server model, standard client-server
application-HTTP, FTP, electronic mail, TELNET, DNS, SSH
OUTCOMES: Upon the successful completion of the course, the student will be able:
Understand Various standard Network Models
Implement the Basic Data Flow and Error Control Problems
Implement the Routing Protocols
Understand Different Applications in Network Layer

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Data Communications and Networking, 4th Edition by Behrouza A. Forouzan, TMH
2. Computer Networks, A.S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition, Pearson Education
REFERENCES:
1. Introduction to data and communications and networking, w. tomasi, pearson education
2. Data and Computer Communications, G.S. Hura and M.Singal, CRC Press, Taylor and Fransis Group
3. An Engineering Approach to Computer Networks, S.Keshav, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education
4.
5.
Understanding Communications and Networks, 3rd Edition, W.A. Shay, Cengage Learning
Computer Networks, L.L. Peterson and B.S.Davie, 4th Edition, ELSEVIER

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
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OBJECTIVES: To make the students understand
The principles and applications of the control systems in everyday life
The basic concepts of block diagram reduction, time domain analysis solutions to time invariant systems
The different aspects of stability analysis of the systems in frequency domain and time domain
UNIT I:
Dynamic Systems and their Control. Modeling and Block Diagrams. Open and Closed loop Systems. Principles and General
Engineering Techniques of Feedback Control. Basic Closed Loop Relation. Closed Loop Dynamics of First Order and Second Order.
Unit step response of second order systems. Time domain specifications.
UNIT II:
Steady state error using static and dynamic error coefficients. System Stability. Stability based on pole location, Routh stability
criteria, relative stability using Rouths criteria, Root Locus Method: Plotting root locus diagram and stating relative stability based
on system gain. Nyquist criteria: condition for stability.
UNIT III:
Frequency Response of second order system, frequency domain specifications. Polar plots: plotting of polar plot and
determination of stability, Bode plots: plotting magnitude and phase angle plot, stability from Bode plots. Compensation.
UNIT IV:
Examples of Biological Control Systems. Pupil Control System. Visual Fixation System. Oculo-motor System. Skeletal Muscle
Servomechanism. The Semicircular Canal.Free Swinging Limbs.
UNIT V:
Thermo Regulation. Respiration Models and Controls. Cardiovascular Control Systems. Sugar Level Control Mechanism. Human
Operator Tracking Characteristics. Biological Receptors-Receptor Characteristics. Transfer Function Models of Receptors.
OUTCOMES: At end of this course students will be able to:
Explain Block Diagram, Transfer Function
Do time domain and frequency domain analysis
Perform Stability Analysis(time and frequency)
Explain some control systems available in Human body

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ogata Katsuhika, Modem Control Engineering, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
2. Michel C Khoo, Physiological Control Systems -Analysis, simulation and estimation, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
REFERENCE:
1. Milsum John H., Biological Control Systems Analysis, McGraw-Hill, 1996

REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
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the key concepts in sensory and motor rehabilitation
the prosthetic and orthotic devices used in rehabilitation

UNIT I:
Engineering concepts in Rehabilitation Engineering & Anthropometry: Methods for Static and dynamic Measurements, Area
Measurements, Measurement of characteristics and movement, Measurement of Muscular Strength and Capabilities.
Measurement tools and processes in Rehabilitation engineering: fundamental principles, structure, function; performance and
behaviour. Subjective and objective measurement methods.
UNIT II:
Orthopedic Prosthetics and Orthotics in rehabilitation: Engineering Principles.
Prosthesis - Amputation Types and Prescribed Prostheses, Components of Upper Limb Prosthesis Sockets and Liners,
Suspension, Control Systems (Myoelectric), Shoulder, Elbow and Wrist Components, Terminal Devices. Components of Lower
Limb Prosthesis Sockets and Liners, Suspension, Hip, Pelvic, Knee and Ankle Components.
Orthotics Biomechanical Principles, Spinal, Upper Extremity and Lower Extremity
FES Systems - Restoration of hand function, restoration of standing and walking.
UNIT III:
Sensory Rehabilitation: Engineering concepts in sensory rehabilitation, Sensory augmentation and substitution.
Assistive Technology for visually Impaired General Purpose, Task Specific (Mobility, Reading, Writing, Computer Access,
Communication)
Assistive Technology for Hearing Impaired Hearing Assistance Solutions Medical and Surgical Approach to restore function Hearing aids, cochlear implantation, Assistive Listening Solutions, visual and tactual Substitution.
UNIT IV:
Alternative and Augmentative Communication (AAC) user interface, Language Representation, Technology and Devices
Features. Human Factors, Performance Measurement.
Wheelchairs Manual, Electric Power, Power Assisted, Multi Functional, Standards, Wheelchais Transportation System,
Securement Systems.
UNIT V:
Rehabilitation Robotics Intelligent Mobility Aids, Robotic Manipulation Aids, Therapeutic Robots
Environmental Control Systems.
Brain computer interface
OUTCOMES: At the end of this course, the student will be able to
Apply engineering concepts to rehabilitation.
Identify Rehabilitation devices

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Rory A. Cooper, Hisaichi Ohnabe, Douglas A. Hobson An introduction to Rehabilitation Engineering CRC Press, Taylor and
Francis Group, 2007.
2. Bronzino, Joseph; Handbook of biomedical engineering. 2nd edition,CRC Press, 2000.
REFERENCE:
1. Horia- Nocholai Teodorecu, L.C.Jain , intelligent systems and technologies in rehabilitation engineering; CRC; December
2000.
2. Robinson C.J Rehabilitation engineering. CRC press 1995

BIO FLUIDS AND MECHANICS
L
3
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1
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D
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C
3
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this course is to

1. Help the students develop an understanding of the important issues regarding the application of engineering tools in the
study of biological tissue mechanics and orthopedics
2. Make students understand mechanics of the blood and blood flow
3. Understand the mechanical behavior and properties of soft and hard tissues
UNIT I:
Basics Of Mechanics: Force, Newtons laws, Moment Vector, Systems in equilibrium. Stress, Strain, Elasticity, Hooks law,
Hysteresis Loop, Examples of different materials. Fluid dynamics: Viscosity, Newtons Law of viscosity Newtonian fluid, NonNewtonian fluid, Types of Viscosity: Apparent, Relative Viscosity and Kinematic Viscosity, Law of Continuity, Bernoullis equation,
Laminar and Turbulent Flow, Reynoldss Number, Poiseuilles Equation. Resistance to flow.
UNIT II:
Orthopedics: Conditions for static equilibrium, Free-body diagrams, Constraints and Reactions, Simply supported Structures,
Rope-pulley systems, Centre of Gravity Determination, Lever systems in the human body, Kinetics and kinematics of joints:
Skeletal Joints, Skeletal muscles, lubrication of joints, Mechanics of elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle joints.
UNIT III:
Bio-Viscoelasticity: Viscoelasticity, Time-dependent Material Response, Examples, Viscoelastic models: Maxwell, Voigt and Kelvin
Models and their Creep, Stress Relaxation and Harmonic Responses. Bio-viscoelastic solids: Bone, tendons, ligaments, cartilage,
and skin. Pseudoelasticity. Bio-viscoelastic fluids: Protoplasm, Mucus, Saliva, Synovial fluids. Viscoelasticity MeasurementViscometers/Rheometers. .
UNIT IV:
Flow Properties Of Blood: Physical and chemical properties of blood, Blood Rheology, Blood Viscoelasticity, Cassons equation,
Blood viscosity variation: Effects of shear rate, Hematocrit, Temperature, Protein contents, and Diseases. Problems associated
with extracorporeal blood flow. RHEOLOGY OF BLOOD IN MICROVESSELS: Fahraeus-Lindquist effect and Inverse effect,
Distribution of suspended particles in a narrow rigid tube. Nature of red cells in tightly fitting tubes. Hematocrit in very narrow
tubes.
UNIT V:
Cardiac & Lung Mechanics: Arterial Tree, Mechanical properties of blood vessels: arteries, arterioles, capillaries and veins.
Measurement of Peripheral Resistance, Laminar and Turbulent blood flow, Velocity Profile in Pulsatile flow, Physics of
cardiovascular diseases, Prosthetic heart valves and replacements. RESPIRATORY MECHANICS: Alveoli mechanics, Breathing
mechanics, Airway resistance, Lung Ventilation Parameters, P.V curve of Lung. Physics of Lung diseases.
OUTCOMES: By the end of the course, the students will be able to:
1. Apply mathematical and physical laws to understand and model the working of tissues/organ systems
2. Mark and analyze the differences in the mechanical properties of different tissues and organ systems, mainly
cardiovascular and respiratory.
3. Correlate the changes occurring in the mechanical behavior of body fluids and the vessels carrying them, when in diseased
and non-diseased state.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Fundamentals of Biomechanics by Nihat Ozhaya and Margareta Nordin
2. Y.C Fung, Biomechanics- Mechanical properties of living tissues, 2nd ed, Springer-Verlag, 1993.
REFERENCES:
1. Silver Frederick H. Biomaterials, Medical Devices & Tissue Engineering: Chapman & Hall, London, 1994
2. Ross and Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness, Anne Waugh, Allison Wynn Grant, Janet S. Ross Churchill
Livingstone, 2001 - Science
3. McDonald's Blood Flow in Arteries, Sixth Edition: Theoretical, Experimental and Clinical Principles
4. Edward Arnold ltd, 1998.
5. D.O Cooney, Biomedical engineering Principles. Marcel Dekker, INC New York.1976.
6. Handbook of Biomedical Engineering by R. S. Khandpur, Second Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2003

BIOPHOTONICS
(Elective I)
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4
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4
OBJECTIVE: To make the students understand the application of lasers & fiber optics in medicine.
Unit I:
Basics of Lasers Laser Principles, Laser Materials, Major types of Lasers, Medical Lasers, Measuring Laser Power, Focusing Laser
Energy, Optical and thermal response of Tissue to Laser Radiation
Unit II:
Optical fibers Coherent and incoherent bundles, Light transmission and image transmission systems in rigid and flexible
endoscopes.
Optical Dosimetry, Thermal Dosimetry
Unit III:
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications of Lasers in Opthalmology
Cardiovascular Applications of Lasers
Unit IV:
Tissue Diagnostics using Lasers: Introduction, Light interaction with tissue, Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Malignant Tumors, Light
scattering and Tissue Transillumination
Unit V:
Laser & Fiber optics in Dermatology, Surgery.
Endoscopy: Bronchoscope, Gastroscope.
OUTCOME: Upon completion of this course the student shall be able to apply his knowledge of lasers and fiber optics in medicine.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Lasers in Medicine Edited by Ronald W. Waynant CRC Press
REFERENCES:
1. Laser Applications in Medicine and Biology vol l, II, III Plenum Press, (1971 & 1974) by M. L. WelBasht.
2. Laser Hand Book, Vol 11, Academic Press London ( 1972) by F. T. Arrechi
3. Introduction to Lasers and Their Applications by Osheacallen and Rhodes, Addison . Wesley- 1977.
4. Lasers in Medicine by H. K. Koebmer, john Willy & sons, 1980.

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Elective I)
L
4
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P
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D
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C
4
OBJECTIVES:
To explain the characteristics that distinguish the database approach from the additional approach of programming with
data files.
To cite the basic goals functions ,models, components ,applications and social impact of database systems
To describe the components of a database systems and give examples of their use.
To identify major DBMS functions and describe their roles in a database systems.
To explain the concept of data independence and its importance in a database system.
To use a declarative query language to implicit information from a database and describe the structure of conceptual data
model, physical data model and representational data model.
Unit I:
Introduction to Database and Database Design: Database System Applications, Purpose of Database Systems, View of Data
Data Abstraction, Instances and Schemas, Data Models the ER Model, Relational Model, Other Models DatabaseLanguages
DDL, DML, Database Access from Applications Programs, Transaction Management, DataStorage and Querying, Database
Architecture, Database Users and Administrators, History of Data baseSystems.
Introduction to Data base design, ER diagrams, Beyond ER Design, Entities, Attributes and
Entity sets, Relationships and Relationship sets, Additional features of ER Model, Conceptual Design withthe ER Model,
Conceptual Design for Large enterprises. Relational Model: Introduction to the RelationalModel Integrity Constraints over
Relations, Enforcing Integrity constraints, Querying relational data,Logical data base Design, Introduction to Views Destroying
/altering Tables and Views.
Unit II:
Relational Algebra and Calculus: Relational Algebra Selection and Projection, Set operations, Renaming, Joins, Division,
Examples of Algebra Queries, Relational calculus Tuple relational Calculus Domain relational calculus Expressive Power of
Algebra and calculus.
Form of Basic SQL Query Examples of Basic SQL Queries, Introduction to Nested Queries, CorrelatedNested Queries, Set
Comparison Operators, Aggregate Operators, NULL values Comparison usingNull values Logical connectives AND, OR and
NOT Impact on SQL Constructs, Outer Joins,Disallowing NULL values, Complex Integrity Constraints in SQL Triggers and Active
Data bases.
Unit III:
Introduction to Schema Refinement Problems Caused by redundancy, Decompositions Problemrelated to decomposition,
Functional Dependencies - Reasoning about FDS, Normal Forms FIRST,SECOND, THIRD Normal forms BCNF Properties of
Decompositions- Loss less- join Decomposition,Dependency preserving Decomposition, Schema Refinement in Data base Design
Multi valuedDependencies FOURTH Normal Form, Join Dependencies, FIFTH Normal form, InclusionDependencies.
Unit IV:
Overview of Transaction Management: The ACID Properties, Transactions and Schedules, ConcurrentExecution of Transactions
Lock Based Concurrency Control, Deadlocks Performance of Locking Transaction Support in SQL.
Concurrency Control: Serializability, and recoverability Introduction to Lock Management LockConversions, Dealing with
Deadlocks, Specialized Locking Techniques Concurrency Control withoutLocking.
Crash recovery: Introduction to Crash recovery, Introduction to ARIES, the Log, Other Recovery relatedStructures, the WriteAhead Log Protocol, Check pointing, recovering from a System Crash, MediaRecovery
Unit V:
Overview of Storage and Indexing: Data on External Storage, File Organization and Indexing ClusteredIndexes, Primary and
Secondary Indexes, Index data Structures Hash Based Indexing, Tree basedIndexing, Comparison of File Organizations.Storing
data: Disks and Files: -The Memory Hierarchy Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks.
Tree Structured Indexing: Intuitions for tree Indexes, Indexed Sequential Access Methods (ISAM) B+Trees: A Dynamic Index
Structure, Search, Insert, and Delete.
Hash Based Indexing: Static Hashing, Extendable hashing, Linear Hashing, Extendible Vs. LinearHashing.
OUTCOMES: After the successful completion of the Database Management System Course,
Design and model a design scenario using relational data modeling.
Analyze the design anomalies.
Construct Entity Relationship Diagram.
Analyze and Construct Functional Dependencies for the business rules.
Analyze Functional Dependencies to identify Primary keys.
Analyze and Perform Normalization and Normal Forms.
Define referential integrities.
Solve abstract relational language, such as relational algebra problems.
Solve database transactions by using Structured Query Language (SQL).

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Data base Management Systems, Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003.
2. Data base System Concepts, A.Silberschatz, H.F. Korth, S.Sudarshan, McGraw hill, VI edition, 2006.
3. Fundamentals of Database Systems 5th edition, Ramez Elmasri, Shamkant B.Navathe, Pearson Education, 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Database Management System Oracle SQL and PL/SQL, P.K.Das Gupta, PHI.
2. Database System Concepts, Peter Rob & Carlos Coronel, Cengage Learning, 2008.
3. Database Systems, A Practical approach to Design Implementation and Management Fourth edition, Thomas Connolly,
Carolyn Begg, Pearson education.
4. Database-Principles,Programming,andPerformance,P.ONeil,E.ONeil, 2nd Edition Elesevier
5. Fundamentals of Relational Database Management Systems, S.Sumathi, S.Esakkirajan, Springer.
6. Introduction to Database Management, M.L.Gillenson and others, Wiley Student Edition.
7. Database Development and Management, Lee Chao, Auerbach publications, Taylor & Francis Group.
8. Introduction to Database Systems, C.J.Date, Pearson Education.
9. Database Management Systems, G.K.Gupta, TMH

ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
(Elective I)
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4
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this course are to,
Understand the basic building blocks of artificial neural networks
Understand the role of neural networks in engineering and artificial intelligence modeling
Provide knowledge of supervised / unsupervised learning in ANN
Provide knowledge of single layer and multi layer perceptrons

UNIT I:
Introduction To Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, Artificial Neural Networks, Historical Development of Neural Networks,
Biological Neural Networks, Models of a neuron, Neural networks viewed as directed graphs, Knowledge representation, Artificial
intelligence, and neural networks.
Learning Process: Error correction learning, Memory based learning, Hebbian learning, Competitive, Boltzman learning, Credit
assignment problem, Memory, Adaption, Statistical nature of the learning process.
UNIT II:
Single Layer Perceptrons: Adaptive Filtering Problem, Unconstrained organization Techniques, Liner Least Square Filters, Least
Mean Square Algorithm, Learning Curves, Learning Rate Annealing Techniques, perceptrons-convergence Theorem, Relation
between Perceptrons and Bayes Classifier for a Gaussian Environment.
Multilayer Perceptron: Back propagation algorithm XOR Problem, Heuristics, Output Representation and Decision Rule,
Computer Experiment, Feature detection.
UNIT III:
Back propagation: Back propagation and differentiation , Hessian Matrix, Generalization, Cross validation, Network pruning
Techniques, Virtues and limitations of back propagation learning, Accelerated Convergence, Supervised learning.
UNIT IV:
Self-Organization Maps (SOM): Two Basic features mapping models, Self organization map, SOM algorithm, Properties Of feature
Map, Computer Simulations, Learning Vector quantization, Adaptive Patter Classification.
UNIT V:
Neuro Dynamical: Dynamical System, Stability of Equilibrium States, Attractors, Neuro Dynamical Models, Manipulation of
Attractors as a Recurrent Networks paradigm Hopfield models-Hopfield Models, computer Experiment.
OUTCOMES: After the course the students should be able to:
Explain the function of artificial neural networks of the Back-Prop , Hopfield and SOM type
Explain the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning
Describe the assumptions behind , and the derivations of the ANN algorithms dealt with in the course
Give example of design and implementation for small problems
Implement ANN algorithms to achieve signal processing optimization, classification and process modeling.
TEXT BOOK:
1.
Neural networks a comprehensive Foundations, Simon Haykin, PHI edition.
REFERENCES:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Artificial natural networks-B.Yegnanarayana Prentice Hall of India P LTD 2005

Neural networks in computer intelligence, Li Min Fu TMH 2003
Neural networks-James A Freeman David M S Kapura, Pearson education 2004
Introduction to Artificial neural systems- Jacek M. Zurada, JAICO publishing House Ed 2006.

VLSI DESIGN
(Elective I)
L
4
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C
4
OBJECTIVES: of the course are:
Give exposure to different steps involved in the fabrication of ICs using MOS transistor, CMOS/BiCMOS transistor and passive
components.
Explain electrical properties of MOS and BiCMOS devices to analyze the behavior of inverters designed with various loads
Give exposure to the design rules to be followed to draw the layout of any logic circuit
Provide concept to design different types of logic gates using CMOS inverter and analyze their transfer characteristics
UNIT I:
Introduction to IC technology, MOS, PMOS, NMOS, CMOS, & BCMOS
Basic electrical properties: Basic electrical properties of MOS and BiCMOS circuits, Ids-Vds relationship, MOS transistor threshold
voltages, gm, gds, figure of merit, Pass transistor, NMOS inverter, , various pull ups, CMOS inverter analysis and design, Bi CMOS
inverters,
UNIT II:
VLSI Circuit design process: VLSI Design flow, MOS Layers, Stick diagram, Design rules and layout, 2 micro meter CMOS design
rules for wires, Contacts and transistors, layout diagrams for NMOS and CMOS inverters and gates, Scaling of MOS circuits,
UNIT III:
Gate level design: Logic gates and other complex gates, Switch logic, Alternate gate circuits, Time delays, Driving large capacitive
loads, Wiring capacitance, Fan-in, Fan-out choice of layers
UNIT IV:
Data path subsystems: Subsystem design, Shifters adders, ALUs, Multipliers, parity generators, Comparators, Zero / One
detectors, counters
Array subsystems: SRAM, DRAM, ROM, Serial access memories
UNIT V:
Programmable logic devices: PLAs, FPGAs, CPLDs, standard cells, Programmable array logic, Design approach, parameters
influencing low power design,
CMOS Testing: CMOS testing need for testing, Test principles, Design strategies for test, chip level test techniques
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of the course the student should be able to:
Acquire qualitative knowledge about the fabrication process of IC using MOS transistor
Choose an appropriate inverter depending upon specifications required for a circuit
Draw the layout of any logic circuit which helps to understand and estimates parasitic of any logic circuits
Design different types of logic gates using CMOS inverter and analyze their transfer characteristics
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Kamran Eshraghian, Dougles A. Pucknell, Sholeh Eshraghian (2005), Essentials of VLSI Circuits and Systems, PHI, New Delhi.
2. CMOS VLSI Design A Circuits and systems perspective, Neil E Weste, David Haris, Ayan Benerjee, Pearson
3. VLSI Design-M.Michael Vai, CRC Press, 2011
REFERENCES:
1. John .P. Uyemura (2011), Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems, John Wiley, India.
2. S.M. Sze (2003), VLSI Technology, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
3. Introduction to VLSI design Mead and Convey, BS Publications, 2010

EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN
(Elective II)
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D
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4
OBJECTIVES: The course will enable the students to,
Understand the basics of an embedded system
Program an embedded system
To learn the method of designing an embedded system
To understand operating system concepts, types and choosing RTOS

UNIT I:
Introduction to embedded systems: microprocessors, Embedded Systems Vs. General Computing Systems, Classification,
characteristics and challenges of embedded system design , Selection of processor and programming language for the design,
Design process of embedded systems, Design examples[TEXT-1]
UNIT II:
8051 Programming Using C : Introduction to 8051 c architecture, functional pin diagram, memory organization, SFR registers,
the need of pull up resistors, Basic techniques for reading and writing from ports,dealing with switch bounce, Example: Counting
goats,restructuringthe goat-counting example with the Port Header (PORT.H), creating hardware delays using Timers[TEXT-2]
UNIT III:
Real Time Operating Systems Introduction to RTOS, characteristics of RTOS, inter process communication (IPC), Hard Real Time
Scheduling Considerations, Embedded Software Development Tools,Getting Embedded software into the Target System
Debugging Techniques, Design examples [TEXT-3, REF-2]
UNIT IV:
Introduction To Advanced Architectures: ARM processor families, functional diagram of ARM, memory organization, register
organization, programming model of ARM, instruction set, simple programs, network communication protocols: RS232 standard
Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Inter Integrated Circuits (I2C)-PCI Bus protocol[TEXT-1]
UNIT V:
Introduction To Ti-Msp430 Mixed Signal C& AVRC: MSP 430 different families, functionaldiagram, pindiagram, memory
organization, instruction set, operatingmodes, special function registers, interrupt vector addressing, timers, simple programs.
Overview to AVR micro controllers, architecture, memory organization, instruction set, simple programs, Overview of Raspberry
Pi. [TEXT-4]
OUTCOMES:
At the end of the course the students will write programs in C for embedded systems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computers as Components-principles of embedded computer system design, Wayne Wolf, Elsevier.
2. Embedded C Michael J. Pont, 2nd Ed., Pearson Education, 2008
3. An Embedded Software Primer, David E. Simon, Pearson Education
4. MSP 430 microcontroller Basics ,John Davies
REFERENCES:
1. Embedding system building blocks, Labrosse, via CMP publishers.
2. Embedded Systems, Raj Kamal, TMH.
3. Embedded System Design, Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, John Wiley.
4. Microcontrollers, Raj kamal, Pearson Education.
5. The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C Second Edition Muhammad Ali
Mazidi,JaniceGillispie,MazidiRolin D. McKinlay
Web Resources: 1. www.ti.com/MSP430
2. http://www.atmel.in/products/microcontrollers

MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
(Elective II)
L
4
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4
Mobile application development is the process by which application software is developed for low-power handheld devices, such
as personal digital assistants, enterprise digital assistants or mobile phones. These applications can be pre-installed on phones
during manufacture, downloaded by customers from various mobile software distribution platforms, or delivered as web
applications using server-side or client side processing (e.g. JavaScript) to provide an "application-like" experience within a Web
browser. Application software developers also have to consider a lengthy array of screen sizes, hardware specifications and
configurations because of intense competition in mobile software and changes within each of the platforms.
OBJECTIVES: On completion of this course the students should be able to:
Design, implement and evaluate a User Interface for a mobile application using J2ME.
Create a small but realistic working mobile application for small computing devices.
Categorize the challenges posed by developing mobile applications and be able to propose and evaluate and select
appropriate solutions.
UNIT I: J2ME Overview: Java 2 Micro Edition and the World of Java, Inside J2ME, J2ME and Wireless Devices.
Small Computing Technology: Wireless Technology, Radio Data Networks, Microwave
Technology, Mobile Radio Networks, Messaging, Personal Digital Assistants.
UNIT II: J2ME Architecture and Development Environment: J2ME Architecture, Small Computing Device Requirements, RunTime Environment, MIDlet Programming, Java Language for J2ME, J2ME Software Development Kits, Hello World J2ME Style,
Multiple MIDlets in a MIDlet Suite, J2ME Wireless Toolkit J2ME Best Practices and Patterns: The Reality of Working in a J2ME
World, Best Practices.
UNIT III: Commands, Items, and Event Processing: J2ME User Interfaces, Display Class, The Palm OS Emulator, Command Class,
Item Class, Exception Handling.
High-Level Display: Screens: Screen Class, Alert Class, Form Class, Item Class, List Class, Text Box Class, Ticker Class.
Low-Level Display: Canvas: The Canvas, User Interactions, Graphics, Clipping Regions,Animation.
UNIT IV: Record Management System: Record Storage, Writing and Reading Records, Record Enumeration, Sorting Records,
Searching Records, Record Listener.
JDBC Objects: The Concept of JDBC, JDBC Driver Types, JDBC Packages, Overview of the
JDBC Process, Database Connection, statement Objects, Result set, Transaction Processing, Metadata, Data Types, Exceptions.
JDBC and Embedded SQL: Model Programs, Tables, Indexing, Inserting Data into Tables,
Selecting Data from a Table, Metadata, Updating Tables, Deleting Data form a Table, Joining Tables, Calculating Data, Grouping
and Ordering Data, Subqueries, VIEWs.
UNIT V: Generic Connection Framework: The Connection, Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Communication Management Using HTTP
Commands, Session Management, Transmit as a Background Process.
OUTCOMES :
Ability to evaluate and select appropriate solutions to the mobile computing platform.
Ability to develop the user interface.
Ability to design simple mobile phone game.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. J2ME: The Complete Reference, James Keogh, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
2. Programming for Mobile and Remote Computers, G.T.Thampi, dreamtech press.
REFERENCES:
1. Enterprise J2ME: Developing Mobile Java Applications Michael Juntao Yuan, Pearson
Education, 2004.
2. Beginning Java ME Platform, Ray Rischpater, Apress, 2009.
3. Beginning J2ME: From Novice to Professional, Third Edition, Sing Li, Jonathan B. Knudsen,
A press, 2005.
4. Kicking Butt with MIDP and MSA: Creating Great Mobile Applications,1st edition, J.Knudsen, Pearson.

NANOMEDICINE AND TISSUE ENGINEERING
(Elective II)
L
4
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4
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this course are to familiarize students with a number of key topics including:
The fundamentals of nanotechnnology
The principles of nanoscale engineering
Various types of nanoparticles and nanoprobes
Nanomedicine (both technologies and applications) and tissue engineering

Unit I:
Definition of Nanotechnology, , Unique properties of nanomaterials, Electronic, Optical, Magnetic properties of nanomaterials.
Unit II:
Synthesis Of Nanomaterials: Physical, Chemical and Biological methods, Lithographic Techniques. Methods for synthesis of
gold nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles
Unit III:
Nanotechnology Products used for in vitro diagnostics, medical or molecular imaging using nanotechnology.
Unit IV:
Nanotechnology for drug delivery, Design of nanomaterials for drug delivery, Localized drug delivery system
Unit V:
Nanotechnologies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering
Explain the fundamental concepts of nanomedicine.
Synthesis of materials used in nanomaterials.
Explain the process of nanotechnology based drug delivery systems.
Apply the knowledge of nanotechnology to regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. The handbook of Nanomedicine by Kewal K. Jain, Humana Press, ISBN: 978-1-60327-319-0.
2. Nanomedicine Design of Particles, Sensors, Motors, Implants, Robots, and Devices, Mark J. Schulz, Vesselin N. Shanov,
Yeoheung Yun - 2002
REFERENCES:
1. Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering, Cato T. Laurencin, Lakshmi S. Nair, 2008, CRC Press
2. Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine by Harry F. Tibbals, CRC Press (Taylor & Francis, ISBN: 13-978-1-4398-0876-4.
3. Nanomaterials for Medical Diagnostics and Therapy By Challa Kumar (Editor), Wiley-VCH, ISBN-978-3-527-31390-7.

CLOUD COMPUTING
(Elective II)
L
4
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4
OBJECTIVES:
To explain the evolving computer model called cloud computing
To introduce the various levels of services that can be achieved by cloud
To describe the security aspects in the cloud.

UNIT I:
System Modeling, Clustering and Virtualization: Distributed system models and Enabling Technologies, Computer Clusters for
Scalable Parallel Computing, Virtualization machines an Virtualization of clusters and Data centers.
Case Study: Walk through in to Ubuntu 12.04 Operating System.
Unit II:
Foundations: Introduction to cloud computing, Migrating into a cloud, Enriching the Integration as a Service Paradigm for the
cloud Era, The Enterprise Cloud Computing Paradigm.
Unit III:
Infrastructure as a Service(IAAS) & Platform and Software as a Service(PAAS/SAAS): Virtual machines provisioning and
migration services, On the Management of Virtual machines for Cloud Infrastructure, Enhancing Cloud Computing Environments
using a cluster as a Service, Secure Distributed Data Storage in Cloud Computing.
Aneka, Comet Cloud, T-System, Workflows Engine for Clouds, Understanding Scientific, Applications for Cloud Environments.
Unit IV:
Monitoring, Management and Applications: An Architecture for Federated Cloud Computing, SLA Management in Cloud
Computing, Performance Prediction for HPC on Clouds, Best Practices in Architecting Cloud Applications in the AWS Cloud,
Building Content Delivery networks using Clouds, Resource Cloud Mashups.
Case Study: Apache hbase 0.92.1, Apache hadoop 2.2.0.
Unit V:
Governance and Case Studies: Organizational Readiness and Changes management in the Cloud age, Data, Security in the Cloud,
Legal Issues in Cloud computing, Achieving Production Readiness for Cloud Services.
Common standards in cloud computing: The open cloud consortium- The distributed management task force- standards for
application developers- standards for messaging standards for security.
Case Study: Apache mahout 0.9.
OUTCOMES:
Ability to understand the virtualization and cloud computing concepts.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Cloud Computing: Principles and Paradigms by Rajkumar Buyya, James Broberg and Andrzej M. Goscinski, Wiley,2011.
2. Distributed and Cloud Computing, Kai Hwang, Geoffery C,Fox, Jack J. Dongarra, Elsevier, 2012.
REFFERENCES:
1. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach, Anthony T. Velte, Toby J.Velte, Robrt Elsenpeter, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
2. Enterprise Cloud Computing, Gautam Shroff, Cambridge University Press, 2010.
3. Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management and Security, John W. Rittinghouse, James F.Ransome, CRC Press, rp2012.
4. Cloud Application Architectures: Building Applications and Infrastructure in the cloud, George Reese, OReilly, SPD, rp2011.
5. Cloud Security and Privacy: An Enterprise Perspective on Risks and Compliance, Tim Mather, Subra Kumaraswamy, Shahed
Latif, OReilly, SPD, rp2011.

MEDICAL IMAGING LAB
L
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T
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OBJECTIVE
To Understand medical diagnostic image enhancement and reconstruction techniques using MATLAB
List of experiments
1.
Spatial Domain Filtering
2.
Frequency Domain Filtering
3.
Median Filter
4.
Prewitt Edge, Quick Edge Detector
5.
Millers Algorithm
6.
Cooley -Tukey Algorithm
7.
Point Detection.
8.
Line Detection.
9.
Edge Detection.
10. Reconstruction of Parallel Beam Projections.

11. Reconstruction of Fan Beam Projections.
12. Back Projection Algorithm.
13. A.R.T. (Algebraic Reconstruction Technique).
14. Image Enhancement Histogram.
15. SIRT (Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique)
16. SART (Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique)
Additional requirements along with the computer facilities
C compiler
Matlab with signal processing and image processing toolboxes. (20 keys / 60 intake)
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course the student will be able to
Apply filtering and detection techniques to images.
Implement reconstruction techniques.
P
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2

BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB
L
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OBJECTIVES: To understand
Signal Conditioning
Filters
Data Compression Techniques
Noise Cancellation Techniques

1. Computation of Convolution and Correlation Sequences.
2. Analog and Digital Signal Conditioning.
3. Signal Averaging Improvement in the SNR Using Coherent Averaging.
4. Signal Averaging Improvement in the SNR Using Incoherent Averaging.
5. Exponential Averaging.
6. Data Polishing: Mean and Trend Removal.
7. Design or I I R Filter.
8. Design of F I R Filter.
9. PSD Estimation.
10. Data Compression Techniques: AZTEC. TP.
11. Data Compression Technique: CORTES.
12. Data Compression Technique: K. L. Transform.
13. Data Compression Techniques: DCT, Wavelets.
14. Noise Cancellation Techniques.
15. QRS Detections and HRV Analysis.
Using Matlab and signal processing toolbox. (20 keys / 60 intake)
OUTCOMES: At the end of the course the student will be able to
Design filters
Apply various data compression and noise cancellation techniques to biomedical signals
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TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS LAB
L
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(Minimum of 12 experiments should be conducted)

1.
Registers Configuration for Industrial Based Micro Controllers.
2.
Interfacing of LED/Seven Segment Display/LCD To Industrial Based Micro Controllers.
3.
Interfacing of LCD to DSP Processors and Displaying Characters.
4.
Deploying of Android /Angstrom Linux on Low Power Processors.
5.
Experiment on global localization algorithm grid navigation.
6.
Experiment on Visual object detection /Path planning.
7.
8.
Basics of NI Lab view software

Experiments on Analog Devices using ELVIS:
a) Precision rectifiers-both Full and Half wave
b) Voltage series feedback amplifier
9. Experiments on Analog Devices using ELVIS:
a) Class-B push pull power amplifier
b) Crystal oscillator
10. Experiments on Digital logic design using ELVIS:
a) Design of sequence generator.
b) MUX using 74153 for arithmetic circuits.
11. Experiments on Digital logic design using ELVIS:
a) Use of decoder chip to drive LEC/LCD display
b) Design of mod N counter using 7490
12. Experiments on Communication using ELVIS:
a) Amplitude modulation using transistor /FET (generation &detection)
b) Frequency modulation using 8038/2206
13. Experiments on Communication using ELVIS:
a) Pulse amplitude modulation and detection
b) Pulse width modulation and pulse position modulation
14. Interfacing of modules using NI hardware
a) DC Motors, Stepper Motors
b) Ultrasonic Sensors, IR Sensors
Equipment Required:
Hardware required for 1 & 2 MSP 430/Raspberry Pi/ Arduino.
Hardware required for 3 & 4 Beagle Board-xm / Beagle Bone black/ Blackfin / SHARC.
NI-ELVIS and DAQ card.
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BIOMATERIALS
IV Year B.Tech. BME II Semester
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the characteristics and classification of Biomaterials
The tissue material interactions in vivo and in vitro.
Different types of biomaterials in biomedical applications like orthopedics, dentistry & in artificial organs etc.
FDA rules and regulations.

UNIT I :
Introduction To Materials:Definition and classification of biomaterials - Mechanical Properties, Surface and Physical Properties
of Biomaterials, Classes of materials used: Polymers, metals, ceramics and composite as biomaterials for implantation.
UNIT II :
Biocompatibility: Introduction-Wound Healing and foreign Body response, Biomaterials testing, In-Vitro and In-Vivo
assessmentof tissue compatibility, Methods of test for biological performance, Degradation effects on Metals.
UNIT III :
Polymeric Implant Materials: Polymerisation- Synthesis, Mechanical & Thermal properties, Polymeric Biomaterials-polyacrylic
acid, Polyacreylamide, Biodegradable Polymers, Medical fibers and Biotextiles- In vitro Applications. Polymers-Medical
applications
UNIT IV :
Applications Of Materials In Medicine: Cardiovascular medical devices, Implantable Cardiac Assist devices(artificial heart, cardiac
valves), Orthopedicapplications- Internal fracture fixation, Joint replacements, Dental Implantation, Skin Substitutes and Burn
Dressings, Soft Tissue replacements, Sutures,
UNIT V :
Sterilisation Techniques And Standards: Sterilization of implants and devices, Implants and Device failure. Implant retrieval and
Evaluation. Standards development and regulation of medical products using biomaterials.
OUTCOMES: By the end of the course the students will be able:
Classify biomaterials based on the properties.
Analyze different types of tissue material interactions.
Apply biomaterials to different systems of human body.
To know FDA rules and regulations.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. J B Park , Biomaterials Science and Engineering , Plenum Press , 1984
2. Buddy D. Ratner, Allan S. Hoffman, , Biomaterials Science - Introduction to Materials in Medicine.
REFERENCES:
1. Piskin and A S Hoffmann, Polymeric Biomaterials(Eds) , Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.(Dordrecht.
1986)
2. Eugene D. Goldbera , Biomedical Ploymers , Akio Nakajima.
3. A.Rembaum & M. Shen, Biomedical Polymers , Mercer Dekkar Inc. 1971
4. Lawrence Stark & GyanAgarwal , Biomaterials, L.Hench & E. C. Ethridge, Biomaterials - An
Interfacial approach.

DSP PROCESSORS AND ARCHITECTURE
(Elective-III)
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4
OBJECTIVES:
To recall digital transform techniques
To introduce architectural features of programming DSP processors of TI and analog devices
To give practical examples of DSP processor architectures for better understanding

UNIT I:
Introduction To Digital Signal Processing: Introduction, A Digital Signal-Processing System, The sampling process, Discrete Time
Sequences, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Linear Time-Invariant Systems, Digital Filters,
Decimation and Interpolation, Analysis and Design Tool for DSP Systems: MATLAB, Digital Signal Processing using MATLAB.
Computational Accuracy In Dsp Implementations: Introduction, Number Formats for Signals and Coefficients in DSP Systems,
Dynamic Range and Precision, Sources of error in DSP implementations, A/D Conversion Errors, DSP Computational Errors, D/A
Conversion Errors- Compensating filter.
UNIT II:
Architectures For Programmable Dsp Devices: Introduction, Basic Architectural Features, DSP Computational Building Blocks,
Bus Architecture and Memory, Data Addressing Capabilities, Address Generation Unit, Programmability and Program Execution,
Speed Issues, Features for External interfacing.
UNIT III:
Execution Control And Pipelining: Hardware Looping, Interrupts, Stacks, Relative Branch Support, Pipelining and Performance,
Pipeline Depth, Interlocking, Branching Effects, Interrupt Effects, Pipeline Programming Models.
Programmable Digital Signal Processors: Introduction, Commercial Digital Signal-Processing Devices, Data Addressing Modes of
TMS320C54XX DSPs, Data Addressing Modes of TMS320C54XX Processors, Memory Space of TMS320C54XX Processors, Program
Control, TMS320C54XX Instructions and Programming, On-Chip Peripherals, Interrupts of TMS320C54XX processors, Pipeline
Operation of TMS320C54XX Processors.
UNIT IV:
Analog Devices Family Of Dsp Devices: Analog devices, Family of DSP Devices, ALU and MAC block diagram, Shift instruction, Base
architecture of ADSP 2100, ADSP 2181 high performance processor.
Introduction to Blackfin processor: Introduction to micro signal architecture, Overview of hardware processing units and register files,
Address arithmetic unit, Control unit, Bus architecture and memory, Basic peripherals
UNIT V:
Interfacing Memory And I/O Peripherals to Programmable DSP Devices: Introduction, Memory Space Organization, External Bus
Interfacing Signals, Memory Interface, Parallel I/O Interface, Programmed I/O, Interrupts and I/O, Direct Memory Access (DMA),.
OUTCOMES: Upon completion of this subject the student should be able to:
Perform time, frequency and z transforms analysis on signals and systems
Understand the inter relationship b/w DFT and various transforms
Understand the significance of various filter structures and effects of round off errors
Design a digital filter for a given specifications
Understand the fast computation of DFT & appreciate the FFT processing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Avtar Singh, S. Srinivasan (2006), Digital Signal Processing, Thomson Publications, India.
2. Phil Lapsley, Jeff Bier, Amit Shoham, Edward A. Lee (2010), DSP Processor Fundamentals, Architectures & Features, John
Wiley & Sons, India.
REFERENCES:
1. B. Venkata Ramani, M. Bhaskar (2004), Digital Signal Processors, Architecture, Programming and Applications, Tata McGrawHill, New Delhi.
2. Jonatham Stein (2005), Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley, India.

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING
(Elective-III)
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OBJECTIVES: By the end of this course
Students will be able to define and develop measures for reliability.
Students will be able to compute system reliability.
Students will be able to model reliability by various life distributions.

UNIT I:
Basic Concepts of Reliability: Introduction, Reliability and quality, Failures and failure modes, cause of failures and reliability,
Maintainability and availability, history of reliability, reliability literature.
UNIT II:
Reliability Mathematics: Introduction, Random experiment, Probability, Random variables, Distribution functions, discrete
distribution. Continuous distribution, Numerical characteristics of random variables, Laplace transform.
Component Reliability and Hazard Models: Introduction, Component Reliability from test data, Mean time to failure, timedependent hazard models, Derivation of reliability function using Markov, treatment of field data.
UNIT III:
System Reliability models: Introduction-systems with series components-Systems with parallel components-K- out-of- m
systems- non series parallel systems- Systems with- mixed- mode failures- Fault- tree technique.
UNIT IV:
Maintainability And Availability concepts: Introduction- Maintainability function Availability function Frequency of failures
Two-unit parallel systems with Repair k-out-of-m systems Preventive maintenance.
Reliability Improvement: Introduction Improvement components Redundancy Element redundancy Unit redundancy
Stand by redundancy optimization reliability cost trade off.
UNIT V:
Economics of Reliability Engineering: Economic issues Manufactures cost-Customers cost-Reliability achievement cost
models Reliability utility cost models Depreciation cost models-Availability cost model of parallel systems.
Reliability Management: Reliability programming - Management policies and decision Reliability management by objectives
Reliability group Reliability data: Acquisition and analysis Managing people for reliability.
An ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs.
An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering.
An ability to identify, formulate, and solve engineering problems.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Reliability Engineering and Life testing Naikan-PHI.
2. Reliability Evaluation of Engineering Systems. R. Billington, RN Allan, BS Publications 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Reliability Engineering- Patrick DTO-Wiley India.
2. Reliability, Maintainance and Safety Engineering Dr. A.K. Gupta, Laxmi Publications.
3. Engineering Maintainance a Modern Approach,B.S.Dhillion,2002 CRR Publications.
4. Maintainance Engineering and Management RC Misra, PHI.
5. Reliability Engineering Balaguruswamy- TMH.
6. Reliability Engineering- L.S.Srinath.

TRANSPORTATION PHENOMENA IN LIVING SYSTEMS
(Elective-III)
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The fundamental conservation principles and laws that govern heat, mass and momentum transport processes and systems
and constitutive properties that are encountered in typical biological problems.
The biomedical applications such as oxygen transport from the lungs, blood transport by cardiovascular system, and mass
transfer of solutes in the renal tubules in the kidney.
UNIT I:
Heat Transport: Body temperature regulation modes of heat transfer, processes of Head loss and heat gain from the human
body. Heat transportation in Tissues, Muscles, Skin and other Organs in different environmental temperatures. Models of heat
transfer in the body.
UNIT II:
Fundamentals and applications of mass transport: Introduction to Mass Transport. Diffusion with Convection or Electrical
Potentials. Transport in Porous Media. Trans vascular Transport. Solvent and Solute Transport across the Kidney Glomerulus.
UNIT III:
Processes of mass transfer: Diffusion, Osmosis, Electro Osmosis. Ultra filtration. Reverse Osmosis through natural Membrane
systems, Reverse Osmosis through artificial synthetic Membranes.
UNIT IV:
Mass Transport and Biochemical Interactions:Oxygen Transport from the Lungs to the Tissues.
UNIT V:
Mass transfer: Mass transfer in Kidney, Skeletal, Nervous, G. I. system, Cardio Pulmonary system. Mass transfer in Dialysers and
Oxygenators.
Explain the heat, gas and mass transport in biological systems.
Apply knowledge of biological and physical sciences, mathematics, and engineering to solve problems at the interface of
engineering and biology.
Solve a number of key problems in biomedical engineering involving various forms of transport phenomenon
TEXT BOOK
1. Fournier, Ronald L,.Basic transport phenomena in biomedical engineering. Taylor & Francis. 1998
REFERENCES:
1. David.O. Cooney, Biomedical Engg. Principles: An introduction to fluid, Heat & Mass transport process Vol & 2 ; Marcel
Dekker inc,.
2. Medical physiology by Ganong, TMH publications,1998
3. Physiology by Best and Taylar,Wiley publications,2001

TELEMEDICINE
(Elective-III)
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OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this course is to

introduce students to the fundamental concepts of telemedicine, including: Basic principles of telecommunications and
internetworking of computer systems
understand the technologies associated with telemedicine and their state-of-the-art in resource - poor and resource-rich
settings
understand the healthcare professional and organizational roles in telemedicine
Unit I:
Introduction to Telemedicine: Definition of Telemedicine, History of telemedicine, Block diagram of telemedicine system, Tele
health, Telecare, Types of telemedicine, Scope, Benefits, and limitations of telemedicine. Telemedicine in India: History and
Evolution, Need and Scope of telemedicine in India, National Telemedicine Network: National Telemedicine Portal, Apollo
Telemedicine Networking Foundation, e-Governance in Health, Telemedicine Society of India; Future of Telemedicine in Indian
Healthcare.
Unit II:
Basic Technical Requirements: Types of information: Audio, Video, Still images, Text and data, fax; Types of communications and
network: PSTN, POTS, ANT, ISDN, Internet, air/wireless communications: GSM satellite and Micro wave; Different Modulation
techniques; Types of antennas depending on requirements; Integration and operational issues: - system integration, store and forward operation, Real-time Telemedicine.
Unit III:
Data Exchange, Standards and Security: Network Configuration, Protocols: TCP/IP, ISO-OSI, Circuit and Packet switching, H. 320
Series (ISDN based networks) T. 120 protocol, H.324 (GSTN/PSTN voice band network connection), Video Conferencing, DICOM,
HL7. Encryption, Cryptography, Mechanism of encryption. Ethical and legal aspects of Telemedicine: Confidentiality, and the law,
patient rights and consent, access to medical Records, Consent treatment, jurisdictional Issues, Intellectual property rights.
Unit IV:
Applications of Telemedicine: Teleradiology, Basic parts of teleradiology system: Image Acquisition system Display system,
Communication network, Interpretation section. Telepathology: multimedia databases, color images of sufficient resolution:
Dynamic range, spatial resolution, compression methods, Interactive control of color, Controlled sampling; Security and
confidentiality tools.
Unit V:
Telecardiology; Teleoncology; Telesurgery: Telesurgery, The da Vinci Surgical System, Applications of telesurgery.
OUTCOMES: By the end of the course, the students will be able to:
Differentiate and apply telemedicine technologies and practices based on the various specialties and health care
environments.
Discuss professional licensure, standards, securities and ethical issues related to practice in telemedicine.
Identify the conditions for successfully implementing telemedicine and e-health services.
Identify the role played by telemedicine in Indian/Global Healthcare through the analysis of present telemedicine network.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Olga (EDT) Ferrer Roca, M.Sosa (EDT) Iudicissa Hand book of Telemedicine IOS press 2002
2. A.C. Norris, Essentials of Telemedicine and Telecare John Sons & Ltd, 2002
REFERENCES:
1. Marlene M. Maheu, Pamela Whitten, Ace Allen - E-Health, Telehealth, and Telemedicine: A Guide to Startup and Success
(Jossey-Bass Health Series), ISBN-10: 0787244203, ISBN-13:278-0787244202, Edition:1
2. Marilyn J. Field (Editor) Telemedicine- A Guide to Assessing Telecommunications in Health Care, Committee on Evaluating
Clinical Applications of Telemedicine, Division of Health Care Services, Institute Of Medicine, National Academy Press,
Washington, D.C. 1226

ROBOTICS
(Elective-IV)
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UNIT I:
Introduction and Basics: Basics of Robotics, Range and Use of Sensor, Micro switches, Resistance Transducers, Piezo-electric,
Infrared and Lasers, Applications of sensors: Reed Switches, Ultrasonic, Barcode Readers and RFID. Hydraulic and Electrical
Systems including pumps, valves, solenoids, cylinders, stepper motors, Encoders and AC Motors.
UNIT II:
Mechanical Aspects: Kinematics, Inverse Kinematics, Motion planning and Mobile Mechanisms. Industry Applications of Robots,
Pick and Place, Gantry and Arm type Robots in typical set-ups like automobile Industry.
UNIT III:
Basic algorithms implementations: Line Followers, Obstacle Avoiders, Wall Followers, Locomotion.
Interfacing of devices and programming: Sensing devices, Vision devices (Kinect sensor), Accelerometers, Gyrometers, Odometry
and Programming Robots using Microcontrollers/DANI robot.
UNIT IV:
Navigation: Mobile robot navigation algorithms: path planning, shortest path planning, mapping, mappless, Vornoi, SLAM
algorithms, Landmark, RRT exploration, terrain exploration.
UNIT V:
Image processing applications: VSLAM,seter vision, Image processing computation for robot applications: SIFT,SURF
Multi Robot: Collision avoidance , behavioral control , swarm ,ant colony.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Introduction to Robotics P.J.Mckerrow,ISBN:0201182408
2. Introduction to Robotics S.Nikv,2001,Prentice Hall,
3. Mechatronics and Robotics: Design & Applications A.Mutanbara,1999,CRC Press.
4. Principles of Robot motion: Theory, algorithms and implementation: By Howie
5. Choset, Kevin M. Lynch, Seth Hutchinson, George A. Kantor, Wolfram Burgard, Lydia E. Kavrakiand Sebastian Thrun,MIT
Press, 2005
6. Electronics simplified: A practical approach by Abhishek Roy and Hardik Nagrecha, Allied Publishers Pvt Ltd
7. Synergetic agents:from multi robot systems to molecular robotics by Hermann Haken, Paul Levi ; Wiley-VCH
8. Electronics and Signal Processing: Selected Papers from the 2011 International Conference on Electric and Electronics (EEIC
2011) in Nanchang, China on June 2011; Volume 1, Springer publications.
REFERENCE:
1. Robotics K.S.Fu, R.C.Gonzalez and C.S.G.Lee,2008,TMH.

STATISTICS FOR HEALTH SCIENCES
(Elective-IV)
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OBJECTIVES: To make the student understand:
The fundamentals of data related issues
Probability & statistical estimators
Data processing and interpretation of medical data

Unit I:
Biostatistics in Health and Disease: Scope of Statistical Methods in Medicine. Data types, Data Sources, Quality, Methods of
data and medical tests.
Unit II:
Variables, Frequency Distribution: Confidence Interval, Dispersion, Central Tendency and Location, Probability Distributions,
Statistical Inference.
Unit III:
Tests of Significance and Estimation: Parametric and Non-Parametric Tests. Regression and Correlation, Chi-Square Test,
Analysis of Variance, Non-parametric or Distribution-free Statistical Tests
Unit IV:
Research Methods and Interventional Studies: Sample Size Determination, Observational Studies. Statistical and syntactic
pattern recognition.
Unit V:
Medical Data: Data Processing, interpretation and Presentation of medical Data
Explain the statistical methods used in medicine.
Analyze images in spatial and frequency domain using statistical methods
Design and implement algorithms for medical statistical Toolboxes.
Interpret the medical data after processing.

TEXTBOOKS:
1. Introduction to biostatistics and research methods, Rao, P. S. S. Sundar, Richard, j., 5e.,PHI.
2. Biostatistics for medical, nursing and pharmacy students, A. Indrayan,l. Satyanarayana, PHI.
REFERENCES:
1. Medical statistics a textbook for the health sciences 4th edition, by machin, wiley india pvt. ltd. 2013.
2. Nonlinear models for medical statistics 2nd edition, by j.k. lindsey, oxford university press.

MEDICAL INFORMATICS
(Elective-IV)
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The fundamental concepts of a medical information system in modern world
Transforming patient data into medical information using classification and coding systems
The decision support, information and information security systems in hospitals.
The organization of health information to support action

UNIT I:
Introduction and Overview of hospital information system: Patient history taking mechanisms. Patient Data Processing,
Database Management, Communication of Medical data across different hospital units. Networking and Integration of patient
data.
UNIT II:
Data from Patients, Coding and Classification: The Patient Record, Biosignal Analysis, Medical Imaging, Image Processing and
Analysis. Patient-Centered Information Systems, Primary Care, Clinical Departmental Systems, Clinical Support Systems, Nursing
Information Systems.
UNIT III:
Medical Knowledge and Decision Support: Methods for Decision Support, Clinical Decision-Support Systems, Strategies for
Medical Knowledge Acquisition, Predictive Tools for Clinical Decision Support.
UNIT IV:
Institutional Information Systems, Modeling of Health Care for Information Systems Development, Hospital Information
Systems: Clinical Use, Technical Choices, Health Information Resources. Methodology for Information Processing, Logical
Operations, Biostatistical Methods, Biosignal Processing Methods, Pattern Recognition, Modeling for Decision Support,
Structuring the Computer-based Patient Record, Evaluation of Clinical Information Systems.
UNIT V:
Methodology for Information Systems: Human-Computer Interaction in Health Care ,Costs and Benefits of Information Systems,
Security in Medical Information Systems, Standards in Health-care Informatics and Telematics, Project Management,
OUTCOMES: By the end of the course, the students will
Acquire familiarity with core concepts in medical informatics including decision support systems in clinical
environments and other health care settings
Be able to manage healthcare data in the context of emerging regulations.
Develop software, networking, and communications within a health care context

TEXT BOOK
1. Bemmel, J.Van; Musen, M.A. Handbook of Medical Informatics 1st ed. 1997.
REFERENCES
1. R.D.Lele ,Computers in Medicine Tata McGraw Hill, 2005.
2. Davidson, P., Best Practice Series: Healthcare Information Systems, Auerbach Publications, 2000.
3. Edward B.H. Shortliffe & James J Cimino- Biomedical Informatics Computer Application in Health Care and Biomedicine.
(New Age Int. P.Ltd.), 3rd Edition Springer-2008.

BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS
(Elective-IV)
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The fundamentals of biometric systems
The technology and application of fingerprint identification
The technology and applications of iris face and voice recognition

UNIT I:
Biometric Fundamentals: Key Biometric terms and Processes Definitions-verification and identification matching, Accuracy
in Biometric Systems False match rate - False nonmatch rate - Failure to enroll rate Derived metrics - An Introduction to
Biometric Authentication Systems- a taxonomy of application environment, a system model, biometrics and privacy.
UNIT II:
Fingerprint Identification Technology: History, Components, Application of Fingerprints, The Technology- Finger Scan Strengths
and Weaknesses, Criminal Applications, Civil Applications, Commercial Applications, Technology Evaluation of Fingerprint
Verification Algorithms.
UNIT III:
Iris Recognition: Introduction, Anatomical and Physiological underpinnings, Components, Sensing, Iris Scan Representation and
Matching, Iris Scan Strengths and Weaknesses, System Performance, Future Directions.
UNIT IV:
Face Recognition: Introduction, components, Facial Scan Technologies, Face Detection, Face Recognition- Representation and
Classification, Kernel- based Methods and 3D Models, Learning the Face Spare, Facial Scan Strengths and Weaknesses, Methods
for assessing progress in Face Recognition.
UNIT V:
Voice Scan: Introduction, Components, Features and Models, Addition Method for managing Variability, Measuring Performance,
Alternative Approaches, Voice Scan Strengths and Weaknesses, NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluation Program, Biometric System
Integration.
OUTCOMES:
To gain a broader knowledge of biometric technologies
To understand differences among biometric technologies
To design a biometric systems
To evaluate biometric systems in real world applications

TEXT BOOKS:
1. James Wayman & Anil Jain, Biometric Systems Technology, Design and Performance
Evaluation, Springer-verlag London Ltd, USA, 2005
2. Sanir Nanavati, Michael Thieme, Biometrics Identity Verification in a Networked world,
Wiley Computer Publishing Ltd, New Delhi, 2003.
REFERENCE:
1. John D. Woodword Jr., Biometrics, Dreamtech Press, New Delhi,2003.

INDUSTRY ORIENTED MINI PROJECT
IV Year B.Tech. BME II-Semester
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OBJECTIVE:
The student will be able to understand a problem and use engineering approach to produce a solution.
There shall be an industry-oriented Mini-Project, in collaboration with an industry of Biomedical specialization, to be taken up
during the vacation after III year II Semester examination. However, the mini-project and its report shall be evaluated along
with the project work in IV year II Semester. The industry oriented mini-project shall be submitted in a report form and
presented before the committee. It shall be evaluated for 50 marks. The committee consists of an external examiner, Head of
the Department, the Supervisor of the Mini-project and a Senior Faculty member of the department. There shall be no internal
marks for industry-oriented mini-project.
OUTCOMES: The student will be able to
Define and analyze a problem.

Implement the theoretical knowledge in real world scenarios

SEMINAR
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2
OBJECTIVES: The student will be able to
Understand and present a specialized topic
understand technical report writing
function individually
There shall be a seminar presentation in IV year II Semester. For the seminar, the student shall collect the information on a
specialized topic and prepare a technical report, showing his understanding of the topic, and submit it to the department. It
shall be evaluated by the departmental committee consisting of Head of the Department, Seminar Supervisor and a Senior
Faculty member. The seminar report shall be evaluated for 50 marks. There shall be no external examination for the seminar.
Identify, analyze and present specialized topic
Gain knowledge in technical report writing.

MAJOR PROJECT
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OBJECTIVES: To make the student
able to identify and solve a problem
understand technical report writing
work in teams
Out of a total of 200 marks for the project work, 50 marks shall be allotted for Internal Evaluation and 150 marks for the End
Semester Examination (Viva Voce). The End Semester Examination of the project work shall be conducted by the same
committee as appointed for the industry-oriented mini-project. In addition, the Project Supervisor shall also be included in the
committee. The topics for industry oriented mini project, seminar and project work shall be different from one another. The
evaluation of project work shall be made at the end of the IV year. The Internal Evaluation shall be on the basis of two seminars
given by each student on the topic of his project.
Identify and define a problem
Analyze and apply current techniques and tools to solve a problem
Gain knowledge in technical report writing.
Function effectively in teams to accomplish a common goal

COMPREHENSIVE VIVA VOCE
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2
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the students understanding in various subjects.

The Comprehensive Viva-Voce will be conducted by a Committee consisting of Head of the Department and two Senior Faculty
members of the Department. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce is intended to assess the student s understanding of the subjects
he studied during the B. Tech. course of study. The Comprehensive Viva-Voce is evaluated for 100 marks by the Committee.
There are no internal marks for the Comprehensive Viva-Voce.
OUTCOME:
The student will express orally the knowledge gained by him / her in various subjects.

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B V Raju Institute of Technology

(UGC Autonomous Institute)

Bio Medical Engineering

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

B V Raju Institute of Technology

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR B. TECH. (REGULAR)

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Computer Science and Engineering

Bio Medical Engineering

5 Distribution and Weightage of Marks

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

A student is eligible to write the S e m e s t e r examinations only if he acquires a minimum of 75% of

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

7. Minimum Academic Requirements

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS R13 FOR B. TECH. (LATERAL ENTRY SCHEME)

Table 1: Compulsory Subjects

Below 60% but not less than 50%

From the aggregate

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Possesses or keeps accessible in examination

Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the

Gives assistance or guidance or receives it from

Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the

Has copied in the examination hall from any

Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of the

Impersonates any other candidate in connection

The candidate who has impersonated shall be expelled from

Smuggles in the Answer book or additional

Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Cancellation of the performance in that subject.

In case of students of the college, they shall be expelled from

Expulsion from the examination hall and cancellation of

Possess any lethal weapon or firearm in the

Expulsion from the examination hall and c ancellation of

If student of the college, who is not a candidate for

Student of the colleges expulsion from the examination hall

Expulsion from the examination hall and c ancellation of

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Copying detected on the basis of internal

Cancellation of the performance in that subject and all

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

B.V.RAJU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Computer Programming through C

Engineering Workshop and IT Workshop

Engineering Physics Lab

Computer Programming through C Lab

Data Structures through C

English Language Communication Skills Lab

Engineering Chemistry Lab

Data Structures through C Lab

Bio Medical Engineering 2014-15

Bioelectricity & Recording Systems

Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering

Electronic Devices & Circuits

Signals and Systems

Medical Sciences Lab

Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab