Hand tools
Electrical tools
Chain hoist
Screw and hydraulic jacks
Manila line
Rubber boots
Rubber gloves
Blower sleeves
Flashlights
Sound-powered phones
Sealed-beam lights
Basket strainer
Submersible pump
Battle lanterns
Gas masks
Extension lights
Sounding tapes
Helmets
8-1
Decontamination equipment
Fire rakes and ladders
Nozzles and extra fire hose
In-line foam eductor
NOTE
On ships that have subgroups, some of
this equipment is stowed in the unit lockers.
Additional damage control equipment is dispersed
throughout the ship in designated areas. This
equipment includes the following:
Applicators
CO2 extinguishers
Dry-chemical extinguishers
Portable blowers
Submersible pumps
Eductors
Shoring kit
Shoring materials
Plate patches
Battle lanterns
Casualty power cables
RELIABILITY OF DAMAGE CONTROL
EQUIPMENT
The damage control organization cannot function
without an adequate supply of damage control
equipment. As a Damage Controlman, you will help to
ensure that all damage control equipment is available
and in good condition. Frequent inspections are
required according to Planned Maintenance System
(PMS) guidelines. These inspections ensure that all
damage control equipment, tools, and materials on
your ships allowance list are actually on board.
Compare the ships allowance list with an accurate and
up-to-date inventory list of onboard damage control
equipment. Check to see that all damage control
8-2
HULL REPAIRS
Q2.
Q3.
2.
3.
4.
All hands
2.
3.
4.
PQS
2.
PMS
3.
NAVSEA
4.
OPNAV
2.
8-3
2.
2 GH
UNPLUGGED HOLES
5"
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
301
425
512
603
676
739
794
853
904
1. NOTE:
AVERAGE EFFECTIVE FLOODING
AREAS SHOWN WITHIN WHITE
LINES.
319
451
552
638
713
782
844
902
957
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
4
5
6
7
DEPTH GALLONS
IN
PER
PUMPS
FEET MINUTE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
DEPTH GALLONS
PUMPS
IN
PER
FEET
MINUTE
114
160
192
227
254
277
286
320
339
1
2
DEPTH GALLONS
IN
PER
PUMPS
FEET MINUTE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
7
8
91
129
158
182
204
224
241
258
273
Figure 8-1. Flooding effect comparison; unplugged holes vs. partially plugged holes.
8-4
DCf0801
2.
DCf0802
One hatchet
Patching
8-5
STEEL BOX
1/4-INCH PLATE
BOX
HULL
WEDGE
SHORE
WELD
STUFFED CANVAS
OR RUBBER
RUBBER
GASKET
DCf0803
PREFABRICATED HINGED
STEEL PLATE WHICH
CAN BE FOLDED TO GO
THROUGH A HOLE.
USE WITH A PILLOW OR
OTHER GASKET.
RECOMMEND SIZE UP TO
18" DIAMETER.
DCf0804
8-6
PLATING
PILLOW
J-TYPE
HOOK BOLT
WASHER
NUT
T-TYPE
L-TYPE
J-TYPE
PLANK
DCf0805
Figure 8-5. A. Types of hook bolts; B. Use of hook bolts in applying a patch.
WASHER
NUT
HINGED
JOINT
CANVAS (STUFFED)
OR PILLOW
PLANKDRILLED
DCf0807
HULL
PLANK
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Q4.
PILLOW
DCf0806
2 INCH X 4 INCH
STRONGBACK
8-7
1.
2.
3.
4.
Q5.
Q6.
Q7.
Q8.
1.
True
2.
False
6 inches by 6 inches
2.
5 inches by 5 inches
3.
3 inches by 3 inches
4.
4 inches by 4 inches
True
2.
False
Hinged
2.
Folding T
3.
Hook bolt
4.
Box
SHORING
Learning Objective: Identify the various types of
shoring materials and the general rules that govern their
use.
Shoring is often used aboard ship to support
ruptured decks, to strengthen weakened bulkheads and
decks, to build up temporary decks and bulkheads
against the sea, to support hatches and doors, and to
provide support for equipment that has broken loose.
Knowing when to shore is a problem that cannot be
solved by the application of any one set of rules.
Sometimes the need for shoring is obvious. Examples
are loose machinery or damaged hatches. However,
dangerously weakened supports under guns or
machinery may not be so readily noticed. Although
SHORING MATERIALS
8-8
Wedges
Wedges should be of softwood, preferably fir or
yellow pine. They should be cut with a coarse saw and
left rough and unpainted. This allows the wedges to
absorb water and hold better than if they are smoothed
or painted. A few hardwood wedges should be kept on
hand for special uses, since they resist crushing better.
However, hardwood wedges cannot be used for all
shoring because they have a tendency to work loose.
When hardwood wedges are used, they must be
checked frequently.
Wedges should be approximately the same width
as the shores with which they are used. They may be
made with various angles at the leading edge, but a
blunt wedge will not hold as well as a sharp one. A
wedge should be about six times as long as it is thick.
Thus a wedge to be used with a shore that is 4 by 4
inches should be about 4 inches wide, 2 inches thick,
and 12 inches long. Figure 8-8 shows some wedges and
shows how they are used.
X
5 TO 6X
TAPER OF WEDGE
2 WEDGES FROM
SQUARE BLOCK
SHOLE
FILLER
DCf0809
Strongbacks
All or part of an ordinary shore may be used to
make a strongback. Shoring scraps should be kept for
use as strongbacks and short shores. Heavy planks,
steel bars, angle irons, and pipe can also be used as
strongbacks (fig. 8-6).
Metal Shores
Several types of telescopic steel shores are used to
make temporary repairs and some may be used for
immediate repairs. The metal shores normally will
have pins or locking devices and are fitted with a
hinged shoe at each end. The pins or locking devices
are used to adjust the length of the shore. The hinged
shoe may be easily adjusted to any angle and then
welded in place. The newer types of metal shores
(fig. 8-10) are also fitted with screw jacks or swivel
(ball-and-socket) bases.
NO!
NOT
THIS
CLEATS PREVENT
WEDGE SLIPPAGE
SHORE
OVERHEAD
NEVER USE
MORE THAN
TWO WEDGES
USE THICKER
FILLER PIECE
STEEL
SHORE
DECK
DCf0808
Sholes
DCf0810
8-9
One hatchet
One 3/4-inch cold chisel
One 1-inch wood chisel
8-10
GALVANIZED
STRAP
GALVANIZED
CLAMP
GALVANIZED
CLAMP
HINGE
(ADJUST TO
REQUIRED ANGLES)
ANGLE LOCKING
DEVICE
LENGTH LOCKING
DEVICE
LENGTH VARIES
AND IS ADJUSTED TO SUIT CONDITION
LENGTH LOCKING
DEVICE
ANGLE LOCKING
DEVICE
GAL 16 GA. STRAP
ADJUSTABLE
SHORE
MEASURING
BATTEN
GALVANIZED
STRAP
HINGE
DIAGRAMATIC ILLUSTRATION
OF PRACTICAL APPLICATION
OF ADJUSTABLE SHORE
MEASURING BATTEN.
ADJUSTABLE SHORE
MEASURING BATTEN
DCf0811
BULKHEAD
STRONGBACK
STANCHION
E
OR
SH
ANCHORAGE
ACTUAL RULE
MEASUREMENT
4 FT.
DECK
7 FT. 1 IN.
3/4 inch
1 1/2 inches
2 1/4 inches
3
inches
3 3/4 inches
4 1/2 inches
5 1/4 inches
6
inches
6 3/4 inches
7 1/2 inches
8 1/4 inches
9
inches
9 3/4 inches
10 1/2 inches
11 1/4 inches
12
inches
6 FT. 9 IN.
RATIO OF
1 INCH=1 FOOT
6 FT. 9 IN.
4 FT.
/8"
77
LENGTH OF SHORE
IS 7 FEET 10 INCHES
DCf0812
MEASUREMENT ON
CARPENTERS
SQUARE
1/16 inch
1/8 inch
3/16 inch
1/4 inch
5/16 inch
3/8 inch
7/16 inch
1/2 inch
9/16 inch
5/8 inch
11/16 inch
3/4 inch
13/16 inch
7/8 inch
15/16 inch
1
inch
8-11
2
6 3/4"
4"
CENTER OF STOCK
MARK HERE
AND CUT
MARK HERE
AND CUT
3
CENTER OF STOCK
5
4"
6 3/4"
MARK HERE
AND CUT
MARK HERE
AND CUT
CENTER OF STOCK
CENTER OF STOCK
7 FEET 10 INCHES
YOU NOW HAVE A SHORE 7 FEET 10 INCHES
WITH ENDS PROPERLY CUT
DCf0813
8-12
TRIMMING SHORES
B
DCf0816
A
DCf0814
BAD
GOOD
DCf0815
8-13
BARBETTE
STRONGBACK
STRONGBACK
BULKHEAD
BULKHEAD
THIS IS BAD
STRONGBACK
A
STRONGBACK
B
BULKHEAD
BULKHEAD
E
OBSTRUCTION
DCf0817
8-14
THIS IS USELESS
BARBETTE
90
SHORE
NO
PRESSURE
SHORE
SHORES
BULKHEAD
SHORE
STRONGBACK
X 133
X 90
SHORE
BULKHEAD
DCf0818
PRACTICE SHORING
POSITION OF
STRONGBACKS
OVER HATCH
PLAN VIEW
WEDGE
HATCH COAMING
ELEVATION
DCf0819
8-15
CUT BLOCKS OF 2 X 4
TO FIT THE GAP AND
TAP THEM IN SNUGLY
DCf0820
Q10.
Q11.
True
2.
False
1.
True
2.
False
Q12.
1.
9,000
2.
8,000
3.
7,000
4.
6,000
Q13.
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Q9.
Q14.
True
2.
False
1.
2.
3.
1.
True
4.
2.
False
8-16
WARNING
Do not cut piping that is pressurized,
piping containing flammable fluids, or
electrical cables that are energized.
The exothermic torch produces sparks and molten
slag that can burn personnel, damage equipment, or
ignite combustibles on both sides of the deck or
bulkhead being cut.
When using the torch in weather, the operator and
other personnel should position themselves upwind of
the cut, and the cut should be started downwind of the
planned hole so the molten slag, heat, and smoke
formed by the torch or vented from the hole will blow
clear of personnel. The access team should have smoke
curtains; plugging, patching, and shoring materials;
and fire-fighting equipment immediately available as
applicable to the situation.
8-17
2.
3.
4.
Q16.
Q17.
True
2.
False
True
2.
False
A banding kit
Jubilee pipe patches; a minimum of five in
various sizes
8-18
STRAP IRON
FLANGE
WELD
THE LEAK
PACKING
PIPE
STRAP IRON
FLANGE
WELD
WRAP WITH SHEET
PACKING BACKED
BY LIGHT SHEET
METAL. OVERLAP
ENDS OF CRACK 2".
4
DCf0821
5
DCf0822
ANGLE
8-19
Q19.
CAUTION
D o N OT u s e t h e E m e rg e n cy
Water-Activated Repair Patch (EWARP) on
potable water inlet lines or fuel systems.
500 pounds
2.
225 pounds
3.
150 pounds
4.
125 pounds
DCf0823 c
NOTE:
EYE PROTECTION
AND LATEX
GLOVES SHALL BE
WORN WHEN
WORKING WITH
EWARP!
RISER
TERMINAL
PORTABLE CABLE
R.T.
BULKHEAD
TERMINAL
FRAME 105
FRAME 120
FRAME 90
2ND DECK
Remove roll of EWARP from pouch (work rapidly to
avoid EWARP from solidifying) and immerse roll in
water for 20 seconds.
Remove roll from water
and unroll approximately
4" and center tape over
the leak.
WATERTIGHT
BULKHEAD
FIXED CABLE
AFT
3RD DECK
C.T.
FWD
C.T.
Application complete.
POWER
PANEL
DCf0824
DCf0825
R.T.
SWITCHBOARD
LOAD
SOURCE OF SUPPLY
LEGEND
BULKHEAD
TERMINAL
RISER
TERMINAL
CONNECTION
TERMINAL
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Q18.
1.
100 pounds
2.
125 pounds
3.
150 pounds
4.
175 pounds
8-20
6" APPROX.
DCf0826
1 1/4"
1 1/2"
1/2"
1.25" O.D.
1/2"
1/2"
PHASE MARKINGS
1/2"
COPPER
FERRULE
THOF-42
OUTSIDE RUBBER JACKET
DCf0827
7/8"
3/8"
Figure 8-27. Portable casualty power, 450 volts, three-phase cable end.
8-21
NOTE
A new method of phase identification is
similar to the old method, except that O rings
and heat shrinkable tubing have been
substituted for the cotton cord servings, as
shown in figure 8-28.
HEAT SHRINKABLE TUBING
O RINGS
DCf0828
Q20.
Q21.
8-22
True
2.
False
Steering gear
2.
IC switchboards
3.
Fire pumps
4.
SUMMARY
When battle damage occurs, it must be repaired. In
most cases, you will make a temporary repair until a
permanent repair can be made. Shoring, plugging, and
patching are your normal means of making the
necessary temporary repairs. When the power source
for certain vital equipment is discontinued, you will be
required to supply power to the equipment by an
alternate means, known as the casualty power system.
Review the information presented to you in this
chapter until you are familiar with it. If it is possible,
you should put this knowledge into practical use with
training aids such as a section of pipe that may be
connected to a ships fireplug. And always remember
that you should not use expendable materials for
training purposes until you have received permission
from your work center supervisor or the damage
control assistant (DCA).
8-23
REVIEW ANSWERS
A11.
A12.
A1.
A2.
A13.
A3.
A14.
A15.
A16.
A17.
A18.
A19.
A20.
A21.
A4.
A5.
A6.
A7.
A8.
A9.
A10.
8-24