Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Chapter 2: Angles and Shapes

2.1 Introduction
Key Concepts:

What is an angle?
Types of angles (acute, obtuse, reflex, right angle)
Measuring and drawing angles (Using a protractor)

What is an angle?

An angle is a measure of turn.

There are many types of angles.

Right Angle
A right angle is exactly 90. The lines making a right angle
A

are called perpendicular. Lines AB and BC are

perpendicular. This angle can be written as angle ABC the
letter in the centre is the actual point the other two are the

points from which the angle is binded. In this case: angle

ABC = 90.

Acute angle
Angles which are smaller than a right angle are called acute angles.




Obtuse angles
Angles larger than a right angle but smaller than a straight line are
called obtuse.


C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 1

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Reflex angles

Angles which are larger than a straight line are called
reflex angles.


Task 1:
Look at this letter A.

How many acute angles can you see? ____________________.

How many obtuse angles? ___________________.

What about reflex angles? _____________________.

Measuring and drawing angles:

Degrees () are the units used for angles. To measure the angles we need an apparatus
called protractor.

How to use the protractor

The protractor has two sets of numbers. This is because angles are not always drawn
clockwise sometimes they are drawn anticlockwise.

ClockwiseAnti clockwise





C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 2

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Measuring an angle
1. The centre of the protractor must be place exactly on the vertex of the angle
being measured.
2. One of the lines coming out of the vertex has to be placed exactly on the
horizontal line on the protractor.
3. Read till were the angle rises on the protractor. Always start measuring from
zero degrees.

You can now practice measuring angles using a protractor: WS pg 10 number 2; F1 pg
29 number 3, 4.

Drawing Angles:

Example :Draw an angle of 57

Step 1:
Draw a line across a clean sheet of paper, about
half way down the page. Put a line near one of the
ends of the line. This is where the angle will be.

Step 2

Put the centre of the protractor on the
mark with the start line of the protractor
over the line you have drawn.




C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 3

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Step 3
Do a mark on the paper next to the 57

Step 4
Take away the protractor and use your ruler to draw a straight line through the two
marks.

Step 5
Draw the arc and label the angle.

57

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 4

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

In the following space draw an angle of 79.









Support exercises: F1 pg 29 nos. 1 4, pg 31 nos. 1, 2, 3; WS pg 10 nos. 1, 2, 3.

2.2 Finding angles

Key Concepts:
Angles at a point
Angles on a straight line
Vertically opposite angles

Angles at a point

A + B + C + D = 360

Angles at a point add up to 360.

Example 1: Find the missing angle (Give a reason for your answer).











C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 5

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Angles on a straight line

A + B = 180

Angles on a straight line add up to
180.


Example 2: Find the missing angle (Give a reason for your answer).

Vertically opposite angles

Vertically opposite angles are equal.

Example 3: Find the missing angle (Give a reason for your answer).














Support exercises: F1p. 33 no. 1; WS p. 10 nos 4 a,b,c,f; p.11 nos. 1,2.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 6

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

2.3 Triangles
Key Concepts:
Isosceles triangle
Equilateral triangle

What are triangles?

How do you recognize a triangle?

Triangles have 3 sides and 3 angles.

Isosceles triangle

Measure all sides and angles using a ruler and protractor.

Isosceles triangles have ____________ equal sides and
____________ equal angles.

Equilateral triangle

Measure all sides and angles using a ruler and

protractor.

Equilateral triangles have ____________ equal sides and
____________ equal angles which are equal to
_____________.

Support exercises: F1 pg 107 no.1.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 7

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

2.4 Quadrilaterals
What are quadrilaterals?

How do you recognize a quadrilateral?

Quadrilaterals have 4 sides and 4 angles.

Square
Measure all sides and angles using a ruler and
protractor.


A square has __________ sides equal.

A square has __________ angles equal which are
equal to __________.

Rectangle

Measure all sides and angles using a ruler and protractor.


A rectangle has opposite sides _________.

A rectangle has __________ angles equal
which are equal to __________.

Parallelogram

A Parallelogram has opposite angles

______________. Opposites sides are
_______________ and ______________.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 8

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Trapezium

A Trapezium has an _____________ pair
of parallel sides. It has
________________ equal sides

Rhombus

A Rhombus has _______________ sides equal.
Opposites sides are _______________ and
opposite angles are ______________.

Support exercises: F1 p. 107 nos. 2, 4; WS p. 12 no. 1.

2.5 Finding angles

Key Concepts:
Angles in a triangle
Angles in a quadrilateral

Angles in a triangle

Activity: Cut the corners of the given triangle and put them together below












They make a _________ _________. The angles in a triangle add up to _______
C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 9

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Angles in a Quadrilateral


Activity: Cut the corners of the given quadrilaterals and put them together below














They make a _________ . The angles in a quadrilateral add up to _______ .

Example 1: Find the missing angle.









Example 2:Find the missing angle.

Support exercises: F1p. 35 no. 1; WS p.13 nos. 1,2,3,6, p.10 no 4 g, h, l; p.11 no. 3.
C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 10

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

2.6Angles and Lines

Key Concepts:
Parallel lines
Perpendicular lines
Intersecting lines

Parallel lines

The two lines point in the same direction. They do not meet or cross,
and if you made them longer they still would not meet or cross. These
are parallel lines. The distance between two parallel lines remains the
same.

The following two lines do not point in the same direction



If we lengthen them they will meet.



These lines are called intersecting lines since they intersect at a point.
Perpendicular lines.

Perpendicular lines intersect at 90.
Lines AB and BC are said to be perpendicular to
each other.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 11

Alternate
angles are
Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]
equal

2.7 Alternate angles
Key Concept:
Alternate angles

Example 1: Find the missing angles giving reasons for your answers.

Support exercises: F1p. 33 no. 2; WS p. 10 nos. 4 d, e; p. 12 no. 2.
C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 12

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

2.8 Corresponding angles
Key Concepts:
Corresponding angles.

Example 2: Find the missing angles giving reasons for your answers.

Support exercises: F1p. 33 no. 2; WS p. 10 nos. 4 d, e; p. 12 no. 2.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 13

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

2.9Mixed Examples
Key Concepts:
Working mixed examples.

Example: Find the angles marked with a letter giving reasons.

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 14

Form 1 [CHAPTER 2: ANGLES AND SHAPES]

Support exercises: F1p. 33 no. 3; p. 35 no. 2 WS p.13 nos. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8; p.10 no. 6;

C.Camenzuli | www.smcmaths.webs.com 15