ChemistryIHonors

GasLawsPracticeTest
SolutionSet

1.A

Whichofthefollowingconditionswouldcauseagastodeviatemostfromidealbehavior?
A)200oCand50atm;B)STP;C)200Kand500psi;D)2000oCand500mmHg.
(lowT&highP)

2.F

Whichofthefollowinggaseswouldhavethegreatestaveragekineticenergy,assumingthatall
gasesareatthesameaveragetemperature?
A)helium;B)xenon;C)carbondioxide;D)ammonia;E)carbonmonoxide;
F)allgaseshavethesameaveragekineticenergyatagiventemperature.

3.E

Assumethatyouhave2.0molesofgasatacertaintemperature,pressure,andvolume.Ifboththe
pressureandabsolutetemperaturearetripled,whatwillbethefinalvolume?
A)ninetimesasgreatastheinitialvolume;B)ninetimeslessthantheinitialvolume;
C)threetimesasgreatastheinitialvolume;D)threetimeslessthantheinitialvolume;
E)therewillbenochangeinvolume; F)finalvolumewillbegreater,butnotninetimesgreater.

4.C

Onewaytoincreasetheaveragespeedofthemoleculesofanidealgasisto:
A)decreasethetemperature;B)expandthegasagainstapiston;C)increasethepressure
byincreasingthenumberofmoleculesinaconfinedvolume(acontainerthathasafixedvolume);
D)expandingthegasintoavacuum.

5.A

Densityisacharacteristicpropertyforanygas,butthetemperatureandpressuremustalsobe
specifiedbecause:
A)densityincreaseswithincreasingpressureatagiventemperature;
B)densitydecreaseswithincreasingpressureatagiventemperature;
C)densityincreaseswithincreasingtemperatureatagivenpressure;
D)densityincreaseswithdecreasingpressureandincreasedtemperature.

6.E

Whichofthefollowingwouldcauseanincreaseinthepressureofagaseoussystem?
A)containerismadelarger,withtemperatureandmolesconstant;
B)additionalamountofthegasisadded,withvolumeandtemperaturekeptconstant;
C)temperatureisdecreased,withmolesandvolumeconstant;
D)anothergasisaddedtothesystem,withvolumeandtemperaturekeptconstant;
E)bothBandDwouldincreasepressure.

7.C

Whatistherelationshipofthemassofagaseousmoleculecomparedtoitsvelocity,assumingthat
temperature,pressure,andvolumearekeptconstant?
A)inverselyproportional;B)directlyproportional;C)inverselyproportionaltothesquare
root;D)directlyproportionaltothesquareofthevelocity.

8.E

Atextremelyhighpressures,whichofthefollowingmoleculeswouldbeexpectedtoshowthe
mostdeviationfromidealbehavior?
A)neon;B)hydrogen;C)argon;D)oxygen;E)dinitrogenpentoxide;
F)allwoulddeviateequally.

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9.B

Whatisthemolecularweightofagasif0.3350gramsina30.0mlcontainerexertsapressureof
20.3psiatatemperatureof20.0oC?
A)88.6;B)168;C)127;D)32.7;E)355;F)22.9
MW=gRT/PV=[(0.3350g)(0.0821)(253K)]/[(20.3psi/14.7psi)(0.0300liters)]

MW=167.96g/mol

10.B

Howmanysecondswillittakefor750mlofxenongastoeffusefromaneffusionchamberifit
takes23.3secondsfor750mlofnitrogengastoeffuse?
A)71.4;B)50.5;C)109;D)10.8;E)4.69;F)23.3
TimeXenon/TimeNitrogen=
=>TimeXenon/23.3=

MWXenon/MWNitrogen
131.3/28.0

TimeXenon=50.5sec.

11.E

Asampleofgasisputintoacontainerthathasamovablepiston.Initiallythevolumeis4.00liters
whenthepressureis60.0cmHgandthetemperatureis50.0oC.Whatwillbethenewvolumeif
thepressureistripled(upto180.0cmHg)andthetemperatureisalsotripled(upto150.0oC)?
A)0.444;B)36.0;C)4.00;D)8.85;E)1.75;F)2.85
V1P1/T1=V2P2/T2
V2=[(4.00liters)(60.0cm)/(323K)]/[(423K)/(180.0cm)]=1.75liters

12.A

Athreegassystemcomposedofneon,helium,andoxygengasexertsatotalpressureof990.0torr.
Ifthecombinednumberofmolesofbothheliumandneonis10.0moles,andthemassofoxygen
is160.0grams,whatisthepartialpressureexertedbytheoxygengas?
A)330;B)155;C)165;D)660;E)495;F)990
noxygen=160.0g/32.0g/mol=5.00moles
Poxygen=990.0torr(5.00mol/15.0mol)=330.0torr

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13.C

Astudentusesamanometertodeterminethepressureofaconfinedgasinthelab.Thebarometer
showsthattheatmosphericpressureis28.80inchesHg.Theheightofthemercuryattheclosed
endofthemanometeris8.85incheslowerthantheheightofmercuryattheopenend.Whatis
thepressureoftheconfinedgas(inatmospheres)?
A)597;B)225;C)1.26;D)0.667;E)1.33;F)0.963
Pgas=Patm+Ph=28.80in.Hg+8.85in.Hg=37.65in.Hg=1.26atm.

14.D

Whatisthedensityofbrominevapor(ingrams/liter)at775oCand75.5kPa?
A)70.1;B)0.0556;C)3.38;D)1.38;E)2.99;F)1.72.
D=g/V=MWxP/RT
D=[(159.8g/mol)(75.5kPa/101.3kPa)]/[(0.0821)(1048K)]
D=1.38g/liter

15.D

775mlofagasiscollectedoverwateratatemperatureof23.0oCandfoundtohavea
pressureof12.20psi.Whatwouldbethevolume(inml)ofthedrygasatSTP?
(Equilibriumvaporpressureofwatervaporat23.0oCis0.62psi.)
A)682;B)415;C)521;D)563;E)329;F)619.
V1P1/T1=V2P2/T2
V2=[(775ml)(12.20psi0.62psi)/(296K)]/[(273K)/(14.7psi)]=563ml

16.B

Whatisthedensity(ingramsperliter)ofsulfurdichloridevaporatSTPconditions?
A)1.24;B)4.60;C)22.4;D)103.1;E)3.84;F)0.896
103.1g/molx1mol/22.4liters=4.60g/liter

17.82.8%Astudentreacts1.50molesofsolidaluminummetalwithanexcessof6.0Msulfuricacidat
55oCand0.445atmospheres,and125litersofhydrogengasiscollectedbywater
displacement.Whatisthepercentyieldofthisreaction?Theaqueousvaporpressureat55oC
is0.045atmospheres.Theotherproductisaluminumsulfate,butyouknewthat!

2Al(s)+3H2SO4(aq)>3H2(g)+Al2(SO4)3(s)
1.50molAlx[3molH2/2molAl]=2.25molesH2
V=nRT/P=[(2.25mol)(0.0821)(328K)]/[(0.4450.045atm)]
V=151liters(theoretically)%yield=125/151x100=82.8%