Residential Status

Residential Status for the purpose of Income Tax
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The determination of Residential Status of a person is very important for the purpose of levy of income tax, as
income tax is levied based on the residential status of a taxpayer. The Residential Status of a taxpayer can be
divided in the following categories
Determination of Residential Status of a taxpayer is very important at the time of filing of income tax return as
income tax is levied based on the Residential status of the taxpayer. The following types of incomes are taxable
in the hands of the different categories of taxpayers:Particulars
Resident and
Not ordinary Non-Resident
Ordinary Resident Resident
Income received or deemed to be received in
India whether earned in India or elsewhere
Income which accrue or arise or is deemed to
accrue or arise in India during the previous
year, whether received in India or elsewhere
Income which accrue or arise outside India
and received outside India from a business
controlled from India
Income which accrue or arise outside India
and received outside India in the previous year
from any other source
Income which accrues or arises outside India
and received outside India during the year
preceding the year and remitted to India
during the previous year
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
No
No
From the above table, it is clearly visible that the maximum income tax is levied in case of an Ordinary
Resident, lesser in case of Not-Ordinary Resident and the least in the case of a Non Resident Indian (NRI).
Recommended Read: How to save tax legally through tax planning in 8 different ways
After determining the residential status, the all incomes of an individual (except Capital Gains) would be taxable
as per the Income Tax Slabs for that financial year.
3/24/2014
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Recommended Read: Income Tax Slab Rate
Determination of Residential Status of Individual

The Residential Status of an Individual is to be determined on the basis of period of stay of the taxpayer in India
and is computed separately for each year. If an individual satisfies any one of the following conditions, he is
said to be Resident in India for that financial year. The conditions are: He is in India for a period of 182 days or more in that financial year
OR
He is in India for 60 days or more during that financial year and has been in India for 365 days or more
during 4 previous years immediately preceding the relevant financial year.
If any one of the above conditions is satisfied, the individual is said to be resident in India. However, if none of
the conditions is satisfied, he is said to be a Non Resident Indian (NRI)
Exceptions to Residential Status

There are 2 exceptions to the above rule of classification of Residential Status:1. In case of an individual, who is a citizen of India and who leaves India in any financial year for the
purpose of employment outside India, the 2nd condition stated above shall not be applicable and only the
1st condition of 182 days or more would be applicable
2. In case of an individual who is a citizen of India or is a person of Indian origin and who being outside
India comes on a visit to India in any financial year, the 2nd conditions stated above shall not be applicable
and only the 1st condition of 182 days or more would be applicable.
Classification of Ordinary Resident & Non Ordinary Resident

As per Section 6(6), a person shall be not ordinary resident in India if he satisfies any one of the following
conditions: He has been a non-resident (in the manner computed above) in 9 out of 10 years immediately preceding
the Financial Year
OR
He has been in India for a period of 729 days or less in 7 previous years immediately preceding the
financial year.
If any 1 of the above conditions is satisfied, the person is said to be resident but not-ordinary resident in India.
However, if none of the above conditions is satisfied, the person is said to be Resident and Ordinary Resident in
India.
Relevant points regarding Residential Status

Receipt of Income
For the purpose of levy of income tax, what is important is the 1 st receipt. If an amount is received outside India
and then subsequently remitted to India, it shall be a receipt outside India. Merely, because it has been remitted
to India would not make it an income received in India. For eg: A non-resident receives income equivalent to
3/24/2014
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Rs. 80,000 in USA but then remits it to India. This income would not be taxable in his hands in India because it
is neither earned in India nor received (1st receipt) in India.
Citizenship of a Country and Residential Status
Citizenship of a country and residential status are separate concepts. A person may be an Indian national/citizen
but may not be a resident in India. On the other hand, a person may be a foreign national/citizen but may be a
resident in India.
Computation of Period of Stay
In computing the period of stay for the purpose of residential status, it is not necessary that the stay should be for
a continuous period. What is to be seen is the total number of days of stay in India during that financial year. It
is also not necessary that the stay should be only at 1 place and can be anywhere in India.
For the purpose of computing the period of 182 days for the determination of residential status, the day he enters
India and the day he leaves India should both be treated as stay in India. However, in borderline cases where
stay in India is very close to 182 days, his stay in India has to be calculated on hourly basis and a total of 24
hours will be taken as 1 day.
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