National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences

EE319: Probability & Random Processes

Sections: A, B, C, D (Spring 2015)
Friday
20 Feb 2015

Instructors: Aamer Munir

TAs: Usman Khalid (Batch-11), Neelam Nasir (Batch-12)

A01
Thursday
26 Feb 2015

Name: _________________________________________ Roll No: _____________ Section: _____

All written assignments must have this as their first page.

IMPORTANT NOTES: Please read all the sections below and understand them well.
Assignments related:
1. Do the assignment yourself. It is lot more honorable to fail than to cheat and use foul
methods to deceive.
2. ZERO Tolerance Policy for plagiarism and cheating. First cheating case gets zero.
Subsequent cheating case gets ZERO in all assignments.
3. A gross violation may be reported to the Department Discipline Committee (DDC).
4. Assignments may carry unequal weights.
5. Submit 'in class' on due date. If no class, then submit before 4 pm in G07.
6. There is no retake or allocation of average marks for assignments in case you fail to submit
because of whatever reason, genuine or otherwise.
7. Best way to do assignment would be to do ONE problem every day!

Submission guidelines
Submissions failing to follow these guidelines will not be considered.
1. Submit hand written assignments. Computer prints are not acceptable.
2. Assignments should be done on A4 sized blank white (photocopy) paper (70g).
3. Multiple pages should be stapled.
4. No cover (file, transparent, ring binding etc) should be used.

5. Submit in class on the due date (at the start of the class).

Roll No: _____________

Objective: Basic Understanding

The objective of this assignment is to get an understanding of:
1. Invalid Question
2. Experiment (Random, Repeatable, fixed conditions,
3. Trial
4. Sample Space
5. Event
6. Mutual Exclusiveness, Collective Exhaustiveness
7. Assigning Probabilities
8. Joint and Conditional Probabilities
Questions:
1. An experiment consists of rolling n (six-sided) dice and recording the sum of the n rolls.
a. How many outcomes are there to this experiment?
b. What is the sample space?
c. What is the probability of getting a sum < n
d. What is the probability of getting a sum = n
e. What is the probability of getting a sum > n2
f. What is the probability of getting a sum > n2 & n < 5.
2. An experiment consists of rolling a die and flipping a coin.
a. If the coin flip is heads, the value of the die is multiplied by -1, otherwise it is left as is.
What are the possible outcomes of this experiment?
b. Now, suppose we want to repeat the experiment in part (a) 4 times and record the
sum of the results of each experiment. How many outcomes are there in this
experiment and what are they?
3. Which of the two sample spaces given below is invalid and why?
S = {Heads and it is raining, Heads and it is not raining, Tails}
S = {Heads and it is raining, Tails and it is not raining, Tails}
4. An experiment consists of selecting a number x from the interval [ 0, 1 ) and a number y from
the interval [ 0, 2 ) to form a point ( x, y ).
a. Describe the sample space of all points.
b. What fraction of the points in the space satisfy x > y ?
c. What fraction of points in the sample space satisfy x = y ?
5. An experiment consists of selecting a point ( x, y ) from the interior of the unit circle,
+
<1
a. What fraction of the points in the space satisfy
b. What fraction of the points in the space satisfy

>

<1?

c. What fraction of the points in the space satisfy

>

d. What fraction of the points in the space satisfy

6. Prove DeMorgan's laws based on Axiom's of Probability.

7. An experiment consists of tossing a coin twice and observing the sequence of coin
tosses. The sample space consists of four outcomes s1 = ( H, H ) , s2 = ( H, T ) ,
s3 = ( T, H ) , and s4 = ( T, T ) . Suppose the coin is not evenly weighted such that we
expect a heads to occur more often than tails and as a result, we assign the following
NUCES-FAST: Spr15: Probability (EE)

Assign # 01

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Roll No: _____________

probabilities to each of the four outcomes:
15
15
9
25
, Pr({( , )}) =
, Pr({( , )}) =
, ({( , )}) =
Pr({( , )}) =
64
64
64
64
a. Does this probability assignment satisfy the three axioms of probability?
b. Given this probability assignment, what is Pr ( first toss is heads ) ?
c. Given this probability assignment, what is Pr ( second toss is heads ) ?
8. A spinner as shown in the figure selects a number from the set { 1, 2, 3, 4 } . If we select the
sample points ( s1 = 1, s2 = 2, s3 = 3, s4 = 4 ) as elementary events and use the classical
approach to assigning probabilities, then we would conclude that the spinner selects all four
numbers each with equal probability, 1/4. Show how to describe this experiment in terms of
more fundamental outcomes so that the classical approach leads to a more reasonable
probability assignment.

9. A box of 30 diodes is known to contain five defective ones. If two diodes are selected at
random without replacement,
a. what is the probability that at least one of these diodes is defective?
b. what is the probability that at least none of these diodes is defective?
10. Two six-sided (balanced) dice are thrown. Find the probabilities of each of the following
events:
a. only 2, 3, or 4 appear on both dice;
b. the value of the second roll subtracted from the value of the first roll is 2;
c. the sum is 10 given that one roll is 6;
d. the sum is 7 or 8 given one roll is 5;
e. one roll is a 4 given the sum is 7.
11. Consider two events A and B such that Pr(A) > Pr(B) . Determine if Pr (A|B) > Pr (B|A)
is always true, sometimes true, or never true.
12. There are two urns containing colored balls. The first urn contains 50 red balls and 50 blue
balls. The second urn contains 30 red balls and 70 blue balls. One of the two urns is
randomly chosen (both urns have probability of being chosen) and then a ball is drawn at
random from one of the two urns. If a red ball is drawn, what is the probability that it comes
from the first urn?

NUCES-FAST: Spr15: Probability (EE)

Assign # 01

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