LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Semester IV
3-1-0-4

UNIT I OP AMP CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS

9
Ideal op amp, IC op amp, DC characteristics: bias, offset and drift, AC characteristics: bandwidth,
slew rate, noise and frequency compensation, basic op amp application: scale changer, inverter and
non inverter, summer & subtractor, , differentiator & integrator, instrumentation amplifier, V to I and
I to V converter, RC active filters: low pass and band pass filters op amp circuits using diodes:
precision rectifier, clipper and clamper,
UNIT II
COMPARATORS AND SIGNAL GENERATORS
9
Comparator and applications of comparator, regenerative comparator (Schmitt trigger), square wave
generator (astable multivibrator), monostable multivibrator Triangular wave generator, saw tooth
wave generator sine wave generators
UNIT III
ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL
9
Multiplier, Applications of multiplier: multiplying DC voltages, frequency doubling, phase
angle detection, AM modulation/demodulation. PLL: Basic principles, analog and digital phase
detector and comparator Voltage controlled Oscillator, Applications of PLL
UNIT IV
ADC AND DAC
9
Analog switches, High speed sample and hold circuits, characteristics DAC, Types of D/A converter,
Current driven DAC, Switches for DAC, characteristics of A/D converter Types of A/D converter, Single slope, Successive approximation.
UNIT V
SPECIAL FUNCTION ICS
9
555 timer functional diagram,Astable and Monostable Multivibrators using 555 Timer, Voltage
regulators-linear and switched mode types, Switched capacitor filter, Frequency to Voltage
converters, and Isolation Amplifiers, Fiber optic ICs and Opto-couplers.
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

UNIT I

OP-AMP CHARACTERISTIC AND APPLICATION

PART A
1. Write down the characteristics of ideal operational amplifier.
2. what is bias current
3. draw an op-amp circuit that can be used as a subtractor
4. State the important features of an instrumentation amplifier.
5. Draw the voltage current converter circuit with grounded load.
6. What is clipper and clamper?
7. Define slew rate.
8. List out the AC and DC characteristics of op-amp.
9. What are the main drawbacks of ideal differentiator?
10. Define input offset voltage.
PART B
1. Draw an appropriate circuit using inverting and non-inverting op-amp which gives an output equal
to sum of three inputs. Explain its operation by deriving an expression to prove the above stated
result
2. Explain the working of
i) Integrator

(8)

ii) Differentiator

(8)

3. Explain the working of

i) Instrumentation amplifier

(10)

ii) Precision Rectifier

(6)

4. Describe in detail about RC active band pass filters with the neat diagram and calculate its gain
(16)
5. Describe in detail about RC active low pass filters with the neat diagram and calculate its gain.
(16)
6. Define op-amp. Derive the output equation for any four applications.
(16)
UNIT II
COMPARATORS AND SIGNAL GENERATORS
PART A
1. Name four applications of operational amplifier based comparators.
2. What are the two conditions to be satisfied for self-sustained oscillation?
3. Draw a circuit for converting a square wave into a series of positive pulses.

4. Calculate the frequency of oscillation of weinbridge oscillator of R=5K.

5. Draw the output waveform of Schmitt trigger for VUT= +0.3v and VLT = -0.3v.
6. Why is the monostable multivibrator circuit called time delay circuit and gating circuit?
7. Draw the output waveform of sawtooth waveform generator.
8. What are the main drawbacks of zero crossing detector?
9. What is schmitt trigger?
10. Define comparator and write the output equation for Non-inverting comparator.
PART B
1. i) What is comparator? Explain the types of comparator?
ii) Mention any four types of application of comparators and explain its working.
2. i)Explain the working of a Schmitt trigger circuit with necessary diagrams.

(6)
(12)
(8)

ii) Design a RC phase-shift oscillator for a frequency of oscillation of 100Hz. Assume

C = 0.1F.

(6)

3. Explain the working of

i) Astable multivibrator using op-amp 741.

(8)

ii) Triangular wave generator.

(8)

4. Explain the working of

i) Monostable multivibrator using op-amp 741.

(8)

ii) Sawtooth wave generator.

(8)

5. Classify the sine wave oscillators and derive its frequency of oscillation.

(16)

6. i) Design a astable multivibrator with R1 = 100K, R2 = 80K, Rf = 100K, C = 0.1f, Vsat = 15v.
And draw the output waveform for this designed circuit.
ii) Design a triangular waveform generator fo = 5KHz, Vo(pp) = 10.5v,Vsat = 15v.

UNIT III

ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL

PART A
1. What is a four quadrant multiplier?
2. With reference to VCO, define voltage to frequency conversion factor Kv.
3. Draw the block diagram of balanced modulator.

(8)
(8)

4. State why the phase detector output is a PLL should be followed by a low pass filter.
5. Give the applications of analog multiplier.
6. What are the problems associated with the switched type phase detector?
7. Draw the pin diagram of NE/SE 566 VCO.
8. What are the merits of PLL AM detector?
9. What is frequency shift keying technique?
10. What are the main advantages of using low pass filter used in PLL circuits?
PART B
1.i) Derive the voltage to frequency conversion factor.

(4)

ii) Differentiate analog and digital phase detector.

(6)

iii) Explain AM detection and FSK demodulation of PLL.

(6)

2.i)Explain the working of Phase locked loop with neat diagram.

ii) Give the definition of lock-in range, Capture range, Pull-in time.

(7)
(3)

iii) Explain the circuit of frequency doubler and phase detector and derive the output.
(6)
3. i) What is multiplier? Explain the characteristics of multiplier?

(4)

ii) Analyse the switched type phase detector and the problems associated with it.

(6)

iii) Derive the linear relationship between Ve and using balanced modulator.

(6)

4. i)Give the block diagram of IC 566 VCO and explain its operation.
ii) List the applications of PLL and explain the working of an application.
5. i)What are the three stages of PLL and explain.
ii) Explain in detail about digital phase detectors.

(10)
(6)
(6)
(10)

6. Discuss the application of

i) analog multiplier

(8)

ii) PLL

(8)

UNIT IV

ADC-DAC

Part A
1. Define sample period and hold period.
2. What is an Analog to Digital converter?
3. List out some applications of DAC and ADC
4. What would be the output voltage produced by a D/A converter ,whose output range is 0V to
10V and whose binary number is

i. 10 (for a 2-bit DAC)

ii. 0110 (for a 4-bit DAC)
5. List out different analog switches and where are they used?
6. What is the total number of clock pulses required for 8-bit successive approximation ADC?
7. What is Monotonicity in DAC?
8. Define: Resolution of a D/A converter and Quantization error.
9. If the Input to a sampling gate is a sine wave then plot its output with and without a hold
capacitor.
10. Name some switches for DAC.
Part B
1. i) Explain the working of a high speed sample and hold circuit.

(8)

ii) Discuss in detail about different types of Analog switches.

(8)

2. i) What are the characteristics of Digital to Analog converter?

(8)

ii) Explain various errors present in DAC.

(6)

iii) The Digital input for a 4-bit DAC is 0110 .Calculate its final output
voltage.

(2)

3. Discuss different types of Digital to Analog converter with the help of neat circuit diagram
(16)
4. i) Explain types of switches used for DAC.

(6)

ii) If the analog signal is +4.129 V, Find the equivalent digital number.

(4)

iii) Explain a R-2R ladder type D/A converter

(10)

5. i) What is the basic technique involved in ADC?

(5)

ii) List out the characteristics of ADC

(3)

iii) Explain the working of single slope A/D converter.

(8)

6. i)

How is Analog to Digital converter classified?

ii)

(4)

Explain the working of successive approximation A/D converter.

(12)

UNIT V

SPECIAL FUNCTION ICS

Part A (2 marks)
1. Define Opto-couplers.
2. Draw the pin diagram of NE555 timer.
3. Why is it that a switching regulator has a higher efficiency than series regulator?

4. What are the advantages of switched capacitor filter?

5. Write the applications of Isolation amplifiers.
6. In a Linear voltage regulator, the input voltage is 20V and output voltage is 15V.calculate the
power dissipated in the series element for a load current of 1 Ampere?
7. What are the types of switched capacitor filter?
8. In the Monostable multivibrator, R= 100 K and the time delay T=100 ms. Calculate the
value of C.
9. Define Line Regulation and Load regulation.
10. What is the basic principle behind Fiber Optic Communication?
Part B
1.

(16 Marks)
i) Explain the working of a timer circuit.
ii) Draw and explain the functional block diagram of a 723 regulator.

(6)
(10)

2. Draw the internal block diagram of NE555 timer IC and explain how it can be used as
astable multivibrator. Derive an expression for its pulse width.
3. i) Explain the timer NE 555 as an monostable multivibrator.
ii) Explain the functional block diagram of 555 timer.
4. i) Write notes on Switched capacitor filter.
ii) Explain the principle of operation, advantages Opto-couplers.
5. i) Explain the working of a voltage to frequency converter
ii) Write short notes on Fiber optics IC.

(16)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(8)

6. Explain the working of following circuits :

i.

Isolation amplifiers.

(6)

ii.

Fiber optics IC.

(6)

iii.

Opto-couplers.

(4)